THE

MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
 AGENDA

01 02 03
Anatomy of the Physiology of the
Introduction
Muscular system Muscular System

04 05 06
Other definitions and Relevance to the Conclusion
functions other System
INTRODUCTION
General concepts
The muscular system is composed of
specialized cells known as muscle fibers that
allow movement and maintain posture. It
includes skeletal muscles, which we control
voluntarily, and smooth muscles, which function
involuntarily. The system is vital for locomotion,
bodily functions, and overall movement. It's
categorized into three types: skeletal, cardiac,
and smooth muscles
ANATOMY OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

PHYSIOLOGY OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

 MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY
OF THE MUSCLE

SKELETAL MUSCLE CARDIAC MUSCLE SMOOTH MUSCLE

Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and
consists of long multinucleate fibers and
are voluntary. These fibers run the entire
length of the muscle and are usually too
long to have their ends visible when viewed
under a microscope. Skeletal muscle fibers
are relatively wide, very long, and
unbranched. They contain alternating light
and dark bands, giving them a striped or
"striated" appearance.
Cardiac muscle tissue, like skeletal muscle
tissue, also looks striated or striped and
involuntary. However, cardiac muscle fibers
are branched and interconnected. These
fibers form the walls of the heart and are
responsible for its rhythmic contractions.
Smooth muscle tissue does not have the
striped appearance seen in skeletal, cardiac
muscles and involuntary. Instead, smooth
muscle fibersBODY
are PRIORITIES
spindle-shaped and lack
the striations. Smooth muscles are found in
the walls of organs, blood vessels, and other
structures. They are responsible for
involuntary movements, such as the
contraction of the digestive tract
 MUSCLE
FUNCTIONS
 TYPE OF BODY MOVEMENTS
1.ORIGIN AND INSERTION:

- ORIGIN: POINT WHERE A MUSCLE

ATTACHES TO A STATIONARY BONE.
- INSERTION: POINT WHERE A
MUSCLE ATTACHES TO A BONE THAT
MOVES.
1. COMMON MOVEMENTS: 1. SPECIAL MOVEMENTS:
FLEXION DORSIFLEXION
EXTENSION PLANTAR FLEXION
ROTATION INVERSION
ABDUCTION EVERSION
ADDUCTION SUPINATION
CIRCUMDUCTION PRONATION
OPPOSITION
INTERACTIONS OF SKELETAL
MUSCLES IN THE BODY
1. PRIME MOVERS (AGONISTS):
- MUSCLES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MAIN MOVEMENT.

2. ANTAGONISTS:
- MUSCLES OPPOSING THE ACTION OF PRIME MOVERS.

3. SYNERGISTS:
- MUSCLES AIDING PRIME MOVERS, ENHANCING THEIR
EFFECTIVENESS.

4. FIXATORS:
- MUSCLES STABILIZING JOINTS TO ALLOW OTHER
MOVEMENTS.
NAMING SKELETAL ARRANGEMENT OF
MUSCLE FASCICLES
1. DIRECTION OF THE 1. CIRCULAR
MUSCLE FIBERS 2. CONVERGENT
2. RELATIVE SIZE OF THE
MUSCLE 3. PARALLEL
3. LOCATION OF THE MUSCLE 4. FUSIFORM
4. NUMBER OF ORIGINS
5. PENNATE
5. LOCATION OF THE
MUSCLE’S ORIGIN AND A. MULTIPENNATE
INSERTION B. BIPENNATE
6. SHAPE OF THE MUSCLE
C. UNIPENNATE
7. ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
 GROSS ANATOMY OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLE

FACE MUSCLE UPPER BODY LOWER BODY THIGH TO FEET

1. Frontalis 1. Rectus 1. Deltoid 1. Quadricep

2. Temporalis Abdominis 2. Biceps s Femoris
3. Masseter 2. External Brachii 2. Hamstring
4. Sternocleido Obliques 3. Triceps s
mastoid 3. Internal Brachii 3. Gastrocne
5. Trapezius Obliques 4. Brachialis mius
4. Erector 5. Pectoralis 4. Soleus
Spinae Major 5. Gluteus
5. Latissimus Maximus
Dorsi
 PHYSIOLOGY OF
THE MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
1.NEUROMUSCULAR 2. SLIDING FILAMENT
JUNCTION THEORY:
THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION IS THE THE SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY EXPLAINS
CONNECTION BETWEEN A MOTOR NEURON HOW MUSCLE FIBERS CONTRACT. WITHIN EACH
AND A MUSCLE FIBER. WHEN A MOTOR MUSCLE FIBER, THERE ARE THIN FILAMENTS
NEURON RECEIVES A SIGNAL FROM THE (ACTIN) AND THICK FILAMENTS (MYOSIN).
NERVOUS SYSTEM, IT RELEASES A WHEN THE ELECTRICAL IMPULSE REACHES THE
NEUROTRANSMITTER CALLED MUSCLE FIBER, IT TRIGGERS THE RELEASE OF
ACETYLCHOLINE. ACETYLCHOLINE BINDS CALCIUM IONS FROM THE SARCOPLASMIC
TO RECEPTORS ON THE MUSCLE FIBER, RETICULUM, A SPECIALIZED STRUCTURE
INITIATING AN ELECTRICAL IMPULSE THAT WITHIN THE MUSCLE FIBER.
TRAVELS ALONG THE MUSCLE FIBER'S
MEMBRANE.
RELEVANCE TO
THE OTHER
SYSTEMS
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM'S COLLABORATION WITH OTHER SYSTEMS
IS VITAL FOR OVERALL BODILY FUNCTION. TEAMING UP WITH THE
SKELETAL SYSTEM, MUSCLES ENABLE MOVEMENT AND PROVIDE
STRUCTURAL SUPPORT. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM COORDINATES
MUSCLE ACTIONS THROUGH PRECISE SIGNALS, ENSURING
CONTROLLED RESPONSES. IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, MUSCLES, INCLUDING THE HEART,
FACILITATE BLOOD CIRCULATION FOR NUTRIENT AND OXYGEN
DELIVERY. RESPIRATORY MUSCLES WORK WITH THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM TO ENABLE BREATHING AND GAS EXCHANGE. THE
METABOLIC SYSTEM SEES THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM INFLUENCING
ENERGY EXPENDITURE AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY.
CONCLUSION
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM IS ESSENTIAL FOR BODY
MOVEMENT, TEMPERATURE REGULATION, AND
PROTECTION OF INTERNAL ORGANS. ITS
COLLABORATION WITH THE SKELETAL,
NERVOUS, CARDIOVASCULAR, RESPIRATORY,
AND METABOLIC SYSTEMS ENSURES
COORDINATED FUNCTIONS. MUSCLE
CONTRACTION AND SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION
EXEMPLIFY THE SYSTEM'S PRECISION IN
RESPONDING TO NERVE SIGNALS. ALTOGETHER,
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM'S DIVERSE
ROLES HIGHLIGHT ITS CRUCIAL CONTRIBUTION
TO OVERALL BODILY FUNCTION AND HEALTH.
THANK YOU!!!
FROM GROUP 5