Title: Mastering the Art of Literature Review: The Crucial Step in Water Conservation Research

Embarking on a journey to explore the realms of water conservation is commendable. However, one
cannot overlook the pivotal role that a literature review plays in this endeavor. It's the cornerstone
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Crafting a literature review, though, is no walk in the park. It demands meticulous attention to detail,
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credibility and relevance of sources adds another layer of complexity.

Amidst these challenges, one may find themselves grappling with time constraints, writer's block, or
simply the overwhelming volume of available literature. It's easy to feel lost in the vast sea of
information, unsure of where to begin or how to proceed.

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Water scarcity is the ratio of water consumption over water availability. Specific roles or
responsibilities must be assigned to stakeholder or the architects in water resources management
Most of water resources in Ghana are situated in rural areas. The four-staged bibliometric analysis
method proposed in this research is equipped with a records screening stage, in which we proposed a
three-stepped screening method, that solved the problem of large file sorting. OECD Global Forum
on the Environment dedicated to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Su. This paper will discuss the sources of
clean water and drinking water and their problems in developing countries; water quality and its
relation to public health problems in these countries; and what efforts that can be make to improve
water quality. An example of such a polluted lagoon in Ghana is the Korle Lagoon in Accra (WRC
2015 ). This confirmed our earlier assertion that bibliometric research on WRCC is limited. The effect
of climate change leading to variability in precipitation is one of the challenges our country faces at
present, which often result in floods as we recorded the June 3 twin disaster in Accra, Ghana in
2014. Unleashing the Power of AI Tools for Enhancing Research, International FDP on. This has
also substituted the traditional authorities’ powers with that of the governor and successively the
executive after independence and laws imposed by the colonial power or ordinances enacted or by
the legislature have replaced customary edicts propounded by traditional authorities. The search
results need to be accurately and carefully screened. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or
other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or
other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely
governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. However, these
contaminations were more prevalent in surface water than groundwater. Kenya; Water for Rural
Communities: How Kenyan Rural Communities Can Create. Among the 47 methods, 18 methods
have been proposed and applied at this stage, and the time limit from this stage to the study of this
review is only 3 years. OECD Global Forum on the Environment dedicated to Per- and
Polyfluoroalkyl Su. Number of publications by country indicates that China published the highest
number of papers followed by Indonesia, Germany, Algeria and other ( Figure 3A ) in that order. As
progress towards objectives and goal can be pursued and draw lessons for performance improvement.
Some of the gaps in water resources management (thus customary laws and practices, statutory and
IWRM) in Ghana include Existing water laws and regulations are not properly enforced; hence they
are not robust enough to address the menace. However, the distribution of water resources in space
and time is often uneven. Application of Machine Learning in Water Resources Management: A
Application of Machine Learning in Water Resources Management: A Systematic Literature Review
CC BY 4.0 Authors: Fatemeh Ghobadi Kyung Hee University Doosun Kang Kyung Hee University.
These communities recognized inequities in access to safe drinking water. The transboundary IWRM
revolves around water-food- energy consensus where the needs of the riparian countries are
sometimes contrasting, for example, Egypt and Sudan require the Nile waters for irrigation to feed
their increasing population while Ethiopia requires the Nile waters for power generation to stimulate
her economy. The implementation of IWRM in the continent, and more so the inter dependent and
multi purpose water use sectors, will continue to evolve amid implementation challenges. This
pavement type uses space in between pavement and fills it with another material such as sand to
allow in instead of allowing it to run off. Therefore, the search results need to be accurately and
carefully screened. OECD Environment OECD Global Forum on the Environment dedicated to Per-
and Polyfluoroalkyl Su. OECD Global Forum on the Environment dedicated to Per- and
Polyfluoroalkyl Su. By analyzing the excel files exported from the Web of Science website, we
discovered 47 methods from 271 articles used in WRCC calculation and evaluation ( Figure 4 ).
FIGURE 4. Summary of WRCC methods. Due to that water treatment plants in Kyebi were forced
to shut down due to pollution of the river which is beyond treatment.
Databases selection was based on their comprehensive and over-arching nature in terms of
information archiving. OECD Environment OECD Global Forum on the Environment dedicated to
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Su. Teams Enable groups of users to work together to streamline your
digital publishing. The National Water Act drafting process in South africa was a multi-stakeholder
and intersectoral activity that brought in international consultancies. The use, distribution or
reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s)
are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted
academic practice. The approach can potentially ameliorate the after effects of the devolved
governance system in Kenya that consequently created a multiplicity of transboundary sectors.
IWRM referred to a process that promotes the coordination of management and development of
land, water and related resources, in order to maximise the social welfare and resultant economic in
an equitable way without cooperating the vital ecosystems sustainability (Global Water Partnership
2000). Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water; and, in almost. A
multiplicity of agreements around shared watercourses in West Africa led to the realisation of the
IWRM policy approach. According to Ampomah ( 2017 ) industrial waste, illegal mining, farming
and household disposals are the major causes of water pollution in Ghana; hence traditional and local
government authorities need to help in the protection of water bodies. It does not irrigate the whole
lawn but the important parts of it where the plants are located. Of the 95 articles, the majority were
water resources, environmental studies and engineering focused, while fewer than 10 articles focused
on public health. Quentin Grafton 6, Esteban Jobbagy 7, Seifu Kebede 8, Seshagiri Rao Kolusu 9,
Leonard F. The WPI, and its integration of existing data and the physical, social, economic and
environmental issues, can be an effective and feasible tool for water managers in Oregon to develop
sustainable water resources. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds
exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other
rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely
governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Apart from the IWRM
strategy being a social experiment in sub-Sahara, there exists a gap on an overarching review on the
performance and aggregated outcomes of the IWRM adopters in the continent. West African climatic
conditions pose a threat on the utilisation of the limited water resource. This approach can increase
local pride and commitment, offer. The fact is that the king or chief holds the water in trust for his
people therefore; the chiefs and their kinsmen control manage and regulate the use of water
resources. This is because more nodes are connected to the water resources carrying capacity node,
the number of nodes connected to the water resources node and the carrying capacity node is
relatively reduced. We used The George Washington University Himmel Health Sciences Library
and the State Library of Oregon to obtain access to full-length articles. Land Management and
sourcing land for sustainable Urban Development. Impoundments or reservoirs Reservoirs or dams
and impoundments have been created for the purpose of water supply, irrigation, hydroelectric power
generation and ecosystem support. In the analysis of keywords co-occurrence in papers related to
water resources carrying capacity, the most frequently occurred keyword is “water resources carrying
capacity”. Our literature catalog Appendix A, Table A3 shows that current public health-related water
insecurity interventions are limited and mainly consist of surveillance practices (for example,
surveys) with some water insecurity mapping and indicator strategies. Hospitality industry
businesses, primarily hotels and motels, use water for a variety of functions. Water is the “invisible
utility”, whose usage patterns are too often overlooked by companies as a cost of. Cobbina et al. (
2010 ) reported the colour of water which ranged from 5 to 750 Hz with a mean 175 Hz, turbidity
from 0.65 to 568 NTU with a mean 87.9 NTU. Physical properties of surface water Ansa-Asare and
Gordon ( 2012 ) reported the mean turbidity levels in Densu Basin were higher than that of Ayensu
and Birim basins and exceeded WHO standards for domestic use. Third way is by reusing the water
instead of throwing it away, this could be done by installing grey water systems. Freshwater
resources are continually decreasing in quality and quantity.
So, slowly the earth started to cool down and step by step. Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson
School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA Bridget R. This system costs
ten times as much to operate as a modern air-. Resources Dive into our extensive resources on the
topic that interests you. Of the 95 articles, the majority were water resources, environmental studies
and engineering focused, while fewer than 10 articles focused on public health. Further study is
needed to establish the criteria which make. Accra, Ghana Nkansah MA, Boadi NO, Badu M (2010)
Assessment of the quality of water from hand-dug wells in Ghana. The Saving Water Partnership,
which consists of 19 water districts in and around the city, offers rebates for purchases of Water
Sense products, water-efficient commercial washers, and more. While most communities are well
aware of the possibilities and constraints that. For other readers, any individual section can be read
as. Contamination of groundwater decreases the replenishment of available freshwater so taking. The
WPI provided a cogent, transparent way to communicate the complexities of local water issues and
their impacts on local communities. OECD Environment OECD Global Forum on the Environment
dedicated to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Su. Supplementary information Supplementary information,
supplementary tables, rights and permissions. In Figure 4, the methods include TOPSIS, system
dynamics model, support vector machines, state-space, set pair analysis, neural network, ecological
footprint, cloud model, analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy discrimination, inexact fuzzy multi-objective
programming model, etc. From the perspective of the width of the connection between nodes, the
connection between water resources carrying capacity and management and sustainable development
is wider, and the connection between China and river-basin is wider. Video Say more by seamlessly
including video within your publication. The review finds opportunities to take varied approaches
that are community-specific, partnership-based and culturally relevant. Report this Document
Download now Save Save Literature Review For Later 88% (17) 88% found this document useful
(17 votes) 10K views 2 pages Literature Review Uploaded by SYEDA AI-enhanced description
Water shortage poses a significant threat on a global scale and is considered one of the biggest
dangers currently facing the world. Bring Your Office Interiors Back to Life The Enchantment of
Personalized Wall. Resulting data from the preceding recommendations (for example, water
insecurity experiences, water access and demographics, water quality and availability mapping and
service reliability) will inform future policy decisions. 5. Conclusions Water insecurity as an
emerging field opens many opportunities to raise awareness of the evolving and confounding effects
to public health, as well as understand how to mitigate and manage risks of human and ecologic
impacts. The wider the connection indicates that the two keywords appear more frequently. FIGURE
5. Keywords co-occurrence. For instance, the Water Allocation Reform (WAR) was drafted with the
aid of the UK Department of International Development. There is debate around how serious and
widespread the impacts of water shortage truly are on a global level. For this review, we define
surveillance as public health data collection and analysis to identify water access needs, to identify
populations experiencing water insecurity and to note existing public health inequities. Groundwater
and surface water are strongly linked, with 85% of groundwater withdrawals sourced from surface
water capture and reduced evapotranspiration, and the remaining 15% derived from aquifer
depletion. Government has a vital continuing role in establishing the policy. The screening results
shortlisted 271 records from an initial 16,769. You can reduce water usage by 40% to 50% by
installing low-flush toilets. Though there are sophisticated technologies to address the release of
GHG’s from fuels used in vehicles, the increase in number of these cars in the system is worrying.
The Cenozoic and Mesozoic formations that usually occur in the extreme South Eastern and Western
part of Ghana are also limestone aquifers with depth range of 120 to 300 m. Since its inception the
IWRM policy has been the holy grail of water resource management in Africa, Asia, and Europe to
mention a few. A direct increase in pollution results in a decrease in the amount of operational water
(Nsubuga et al. 2014 ). Moreover, rapid increase in population across the globe, notably in the
developing countries, presents a significant threat to the water resource as well as been a threat to
sustainability prompting the need to carefully handle and protect the resource. As research advanced,
the number of published papers increased by the year. The Densu River in the Greater Accra Region,
which draws its water source from Western Accra that is situated around the Weija dam, has been
polluted due to industrial waste and farming activities. The wastewaters generated in different
processes in the. A thesis submitted to the Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, College
of Science and Technology, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts,
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Asante FG (2012) Physico-chemical quality
of water sources in the gold mining areas of Bibiani. US Geological Survey Circular 1186 (1999).
Breslin, S. COP26 has 4 goals. Water is central to all of them. Food processing companies typically
use water for washing and sanitation, cooling and. These approaches include green solutions, such
as forest and wetland preservation, and grey solutions, such as increasing supplies (desalination,
wastewater reuse), enhancing storage in surface reservoirs and depleted aquifers, and transporting
water. Hence, adoption of the IWRM strategy driven WAWRP of 2008 ensured the coordinanted
and harmonised regional water usage mechanisms. The SADC region has 13 major transboundary
river basins which calls for development of agreements on how to handle the shared water resources
with the contraints of varying levels of economic development and priorities among the member
states. Corresponding author Correspondence to Bridget R. Scanlon. Ethics declarations Competing
interests. Students, police force us privacy policy formulation and writing skills. Endowed with a
significant number of water bodies, Africa must adopt a blend of IWRM strategy and the water
energy food nexus (WEF) for maximising regional cooperation and subsequent economic gains.
High Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in Michigan - Integrated Assessment Final Re. Severally
governments have made attempts to mitigate or if possible arrest the problem, but the problem still
persists to date. Lagoons and Rivers situated near industrial areas are gradually perishing due to the
discharge of untreated municipal waste from domestic and industrial effluent that causes odour and
nutrient enrichment leading to algal bloom. Competing interests: The authors have read the journal’s
policy and have the following potential competing interests: TLD is a paid employee of VarMac
Consulting Engineers. At the same time, the model node and the system dynamics node are also the
most closely connected nodes to each other. More Features Connections Canva Create professional
content with Canva, including presentations, catalogs, and more. Due to that water treatment plants
in Kyebi were forced to shut down due to pollution of the river which is beyond treatment. Loading
metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Water resource management: IWRM strategies
for improved water management. In addition, the WEF nexus approach can potentially facilitate a
shift to a circular approach that decouples over dependence on one finte resource for development.
Meetings with US-based key informants revealed that water insecurity policy and intervention
development is underway, but each state interviewed (OR, WA, CA) is pursuing its own approach.
Decision support tools such as the Water—Energy—Food (WEF) nexus appraoch will be very
relevant in the trans-boundary water resources such as the Nile system, Mara and Kagera river
basins. While the project offers a comprehensive guidebook and rationale for conducting a HWISE
study, the project is still underway with no results to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. This
customary laws and practices did not disappoint though there were gaps in terms of equity as the
traditional authorities could not make water resources more accessible to all but evolved rules that
ensures quality and equitable use of water resources among communities. The Nile River system is
the single largest factor driving the IWRM in the region. A multiplicity of agreements around shared
watercourses in West Africa led to the realisation of the IWRM policy approach. Water scarcity
mapping results will support Oregon’s Integrated Water Resources Strategy by monitoring and
quantifying water consumption and availability in relation to climate change and drought patterns.
However, with the availability of these sources of water supplies there is entirely no institution or
office mandated or tasked under the customary regime to provide water for indigenes (Mensah 1999
). Researchers used surveys and secondary data (for example, U.S. census and American Housing
Survey data) to identify disparities in water service reliability; therefore, it is feasible to conduct a
similar study in Oregon. His next topic in the presentation was about understood the Hydrologic
cycle. Through time series analysis of keywords, we found that the research on WRCC originated
from scholars’attention to population carrying capacity, groundwater resources, urbanization, water
shortage and risk assessment. This study identified WPI index values for each community through
the administration of 1521 household surveys. WEF nexus will help combat a singular or silo
approach to natural resources management. Water resource management: IWRM strategies for
improved water. We found that statistical analysis was easier compared to bibliometric, so we
finished the statistical analysis and then conducted a bibliometric analysis. Click here to buy this
book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. More from johny bahsa Sas clinical training
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Swachh bharat abhiyan essay July 18, 2017 Read more Advertisement Advertisement Advertisement
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo
albums and more. Adopting renewable energy sources Climate change has eluded local, regional and
national concerns and has become to be can a renowned global issue that has a toil on water
resources. As per the World Bank, textile dyeing and treatment. It should not be been attributed to
the fact that UEBM did not act as a. Notable IWRM drivers were Department of International
Development—UK (DFID), Danish Danida, and Deustsche Gesellschaft fur Zusammernarbeit
(GIZ). The screening results shortlisted 271 records from an initial 16,769. This makes the
bibliometric research process more systematic and efficient compared to previous studies. Any
product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not
guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. Leslie ( 2010 ) in a study revealed pollution of Aboabo
River since colour, odour, turbidity and taste levels exceeded WHO stipulated limits for potability.
Also, there is prohibition of farming along river banks as they are considered as resting abode for
river gods. Other shared water basins include the Malakisi-Malaba-Sio River basin shared between
Uganda and Kenya and the Kagera River basin traversing Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Qi, H., Jiang, J. Y., Ying, L. I., Shi, Z. G., and Yin, P. H.
(2016). Current research status and perspective of water resources carrying capacity in the arid and
semi-arid regions of northwest China. You can reduce water usage by 40% to 50% by installing low-
flush toilets. Ghana freshwater resources are made of surface and groundwater bodies. For example,
despite having significant water resources, the lack of a collective effort by the governments to train
water experts at national level presents a challenge for adoption. Affum AO, Dede Osae S, Nyarko
BJB, Afful S, Fianko JK, Akiti TT, Adomako D, Acquaah SO, Dorleku M, Antoh E, Barnes F, Affum
EA (2015) Total coliforms, arsenic and cadmium exposure through drinking water in the Western
Region of Ghana: application of multivariate statistical technique to groundwater quality. Attitudinal
change cannot ensue overnight; however well-planned awareness creation and proper advocacy as
well as behavioural change public services to these miners can make the currently situation better.
Meager diversity of wildlife, or relatively smaller wildlife populations in any geographical region, is
usually an indication of something seriously wrong. Thematic analysis derived four cross-cutting
themes that contributed to IWRM strategy implementation and adoption. However, the distribution
of water resources in space and time is often uneven. Endowed with a significant number of water
bodies, Africa must adopt a blend of IWRM strategy and the water energy food nexus (WEF) for
maximising regional cooperation and subsequent economic gains.
Much of the The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable. Teach children to turn off faucets
tightly after each use. There may be opportunities to work with partners to fill critical data gaps and
provide more transparency to water insecurity in marginalized communities. 4.4.3. Track Water
Scarcity Variability Oregon can implement strategies to better understand how climate change and
seasonal variability impacts water availability and drought risk by applying Mekonnen and
Hoekstra’s water scarcity modeling approach. India; Potential for Water Conservation and
Harvesting against Drought in Ra. US Geological Survey Circular 1186 (1999). Breslin, S. COP26
has 4 goals. Water is central to all of them. Challenges of WRM in Ghana It is worth acknowledging
that a lot have been done for the development of legal, political and institutional framework for
management of water resource in Ghana and even beyond. Freshwater resources are continually
decreasing in quality and quantity. Since our lives are entirely dependent on water, it’s our duty to
think about water conservation and know that how we can serve in this. In the analysis of keywords
co-occurrence in papers related to water resources carrying capacity, the most frequently occurred
keyword is “water resources carrying capacity”. Horizontal barriers of asphalt placed below the soil
surface increase water. The adoption and implementation of these suggestions will bring about
effective and efficient water resources management for sustainable development and peaceful co-
existence. The output further posited questions on the prospects, including whether IWRM has been
a success or failure within the African water resource management fraternity. This phenomenon is
mostly stimulated by anthropogenic activities that have increase the levels of greenhouse gases
resulting in global warming and eventually climate change. We also checked whether we met our
target, which means that whether we have completed a systematic and comprehensive bibliometric
analysis-review of WRCC in this stage. Also, freshwater resources usage can be put into two main
categories, namely ex situ (withdrawal use) and in situ or in-stream use, and could also be referred
to as the consumptive and non-consumptive use, respectively. Thus, the researched opine that water
scarcity pushed the region to adopt the IWRM strategy inorder to mitigate the looming effects of
climate change on surface water availainility. 3.2.2 Trans-boundary water resources. Help Center
Here you'll find an answer to your question. OECD Global Forum on the Environment dedicated to
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Su. In 2017, both the number of articles and the number of proceeding
papers decreased significantly. The lighter the color of the node means that the research in that area is
the current hotspot. FIGURE 10. Keyword evolution process. IWRM referred to a process that
promotes the coordination of management and development of land, water and related resources, in
order to maximise the social welfare and resultant economic in an equitable way without cooperating
the vital ecosystems sustainability (Global Water Partnership 2000). However, these contaminations
were more prevalent in surface water than groundwater. Rain Water Harvesting and Conservation
Rain Water Harvesting and Conservation Rainwater Catchment and Sustainable Development in the
Brazilian Rainwater Catchment and Sustainable Development in the Brazilian Rainwater Harvesting
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Rainwater Harvesting 201 Rainwater Harvesting 201 Rainwater Harvesting for Developing
Countries - Michigan Technological Univer. Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a
free PDF, if available. PDF Water as a Resource: Different Perspectives in Literature This paper is
exclusively a literature review. Water bills can account for as much as 20% of a buildings’ utility cost
and upwards in process applications. Park and Burgess (1921) took the lead in 1921 and proposed
the idea to calculate the maximum population that a region can carry based on regional endowments.
These programming areas remain important and thus continue to. Contamination of groundwater
causes the groundwater water. Other shared water basins include the Malakisi-Malaba-Sio River
basin shared between Uganda and Kenya and the Kagera River basin traversing Burundi, Rwanda,
Tanzania and Uganda.