MAPEH 10 REVIEWER

MUSIC
COMPOSITION-the art or process of creating a new piece of music.
ESSENTIAL SKILLS OF A COMPOSER
• Essential music theory
• Writing musical notation including the use including the use of music-notation software
• Instrumentation
• Trained ear
• Improvisation
• Other techniques for sound production
PHILIPPINE TRADITIONAL COMPOSER
LUCIO SAN PEDRO
• Born in February 11, 1913 in Angono Rizal
• Master composer, conductor, and teacher.
• His father, Elpidio San Pedro created a band from which Lucio started his involvement in music
• During his late teenage days, he became a church organist after his grandfather’s death.
• He received his training in advanced composition under Bernard Wagenaar of the Netherlands. He took harmony and
orchestration lessons with Vittorio Giannini and in 1947, he took classes at Juilliard School of Music in New York City.
• He also taught at the UP College of Music where he acted as the chairman of the Department of Composition and
Conducting for three years.
• On May 9, 1991, he received his award as a National Artist for Music under the administration of President Corazon
Aquino.
• San Pedro also became the director of Dramatic Philippines, and was a conductor for the Angono Band Number One,
the Manila Symphony Orchestra, the Musical Philippines Philharmonic Orchestra, the Peng Keng Grand Mason
Concert Band, and the San Pedro Band of Angono, which was his father's band.
COMPOSITION:
FOR ORCHESTRA
- VIOLIN CONCERTO IN D MINOR
- MALAKAS AT MAGANDA OVERTURE
- HOPE AND AMBITION
- PRELUDE AND FAGUE IN D MINOR
- THE DEVIL’S BRIDGE
FOR CHOIR
- EASTER CANTATA
- SA MAHAL KONG BAYAN
- RIZAL’S VALEDICTORY POEM
FOR BAND
- LAHING KAYUMANGGI
- DANCE OF THE FAIRIES
- TRUIMPHAL MARCH
- ANGONONIAN MARCH
FOR VOICE
- SA UGOY NG DUYAN
- LULAY
- IN THE SILENCE OF THE NIGHT’
AWARDS AND DISTINCTION:
- First Place, National Heroes Day Competition, 1936
 - First Place, President Laurel March, 1943
- Special Award, National Composition Contest, 1946
- Republic Cultural Heritage Award, 1962
- Professor Emeritus, UP College of Music, 1979
- Tanglaw ng Lahi Award, Ateneo de Manila University,1981
- Signum Merit Medal, De La Salle University, 1982
- Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan Award, 1984
- First Place, Second National Eucharistic Congress of the Philippines Hymn Contest, 1987
- Asean Award for Music, 1990
- Papal Award
- National Artist of the Philippines for Music, 1991

ANTONIO MOLINA
 Dubbed as the "First National Artist in Music"
 Born on December 26, 1894 in Quiapo, Manila
 He came from a family of musicians. His father Juan Molina, a government official, founded the Molina
Orchestra.
 He took his formal lessons on solfeggio and violin under one of the members of his father's orchestra,
Celestino de Vera.
 In 1909, he finished his Bachelor of Arts degree at San Juan de Letran.
 He created his first composition, "Matinal," in 1912.
 In 1923, he received a teacher's diploma in violoncello at the UP Conservatory of Music.
 At the age of 23, he married Pilar Siauingco, his first wife.
 Molina's musical brilliance was inherited by his children: Rosita, holder of a music teacher's diploma in
piano; Exequiel, a saxophonist; Antonio Maria, a graduate in composition and choral conducting in the
United States; and Monserrat, a pianist.
 In 1965, he got married again. His second wife, Carmen Serrano, was a former student of Molina with a
bachelor's degree in music education
 Molina was the first composer who was asked to perform his compositions in the Malacañang Palace. The
Centro Escolar University (CEU) String Quartet was the first chamber music group that he formed. He was a
mentor to two prominent composers, Lucresia Kasilag and Felipe de Leon
COMPOSITION
FOR ORCHESTRA
- MISA ANTONIANA GRAND FESTIVAL MASS
- ANG BATINGAW
- KUNDIMAN-KUNDANGAN
FOR CHAMBER
- HATINGGABI
STRING QUARTET
- KUNG SA IYONG GUNITA
- PANDANNGUHAN
 FOR VOICE
- AMIHAN
- AWIT NI MARIA CLARA
- LARAWAN NITONG PILIPINAS
FOR THEATER
- ANA MARIA
FOR PIANO
- MALIKMATA

AWARDS AND DISTINCTION:

 Diploma of Honor, Manila Music Lovers Society, 1940
 Commemorative medal and diploma, Department of Education, Health and Public Welfare, 1942
 Choral Conductor of the Year and Music Researcher of the Year, Music Lovers Society, 1949
 Doctor of Laws, with honors, CEU, 1953
 Republic Cultural Heritage Award, 1965 and 1972
 Araw ng Manila Award in music, 1969
 Phi Kappa Phi Award and the UP Alumni Association Professional Award, 1972
 National Artist of the Philippines for Music, 1973

RODOLFO CORNEJO
 A composer, conductor, and pianist
 Born on May 15, 1909 in Singalong, Manila.
 His interest in music was kindled by her mother, Crisanta Soldevilla, who also took piano lessons. Gelacio
Reyes was Rodolfo's first piano teacher.
 At the age of 8, he became the organist of the Pasay Catholic Church.
 At the age of 10, he composed his first piece, Glissando Waltz, a piano piece that he dedicated to his
mother. At 13, he composed a military march titled Salute.
 He entered the UP Conservatory of Music at the age of 14.
 In 1950, he received his Teacher's Diploma in Pianoforte and another Teacher's Diploma in Science and
Composition.
 As a music professor in UP, he was able to teach the following brilliant people:
LUCIO SAN PEDRO
SALVACION OPPUS YŇIGUEZ
AIDA SANZ
LIWANAG CRUZ
FLORA ZARCO
FELIPE DE LEON
DALISAY ALABA
ENYA GONZALES
CANDIDA BAUTISTA
ANATACIO SOSA
ADORACION REYES
ELENA ILAGAN
 JESUS DEL CARMEN
JOSEFINO CENIZAL
JULIAN BALITA
 Cornejo acquired his Bachelor of Music in Piano from the Chicago Musical College in the United States in
1932.
 He also finished a degree in Master of Music Composition from the same school. In 1947, he finished his
Doctor of Philosophy in Composition at the Neotarian College in Kansas City.
INFLUENCE TO HIS MUSICAL STYLES
Francisco Santiago and Glenn Dillard Gunn on piano
Alexander Lippay, Bernard Rogers, Howard Hanson, and Vittorio Giannini on composition
Nicanor Abelardo on theory and harmony
Dr. Rudolf Ganz on conducting and piano
 In 1949, he married the lyric soprano, Nieves Guerrero.
 Has great ability to showcase his piano and composition skills through what he called "impromptu classical
improvisation."
 He would just create a piano composition suggested by a telephone number, a car plate number, or a name.
COMPOSITION
FOR CHOIR
- A LA JUVENTUD FILIPINA, 1934
- MASS IN F MINOR, 196
- THE MIRACLE OF CHRIST, 1947
FOR VOICES
- THREE SONGS, 1939
- BENEATH THIS HEART OF CLAY, 1959
FOR ORCHESTRA
- THE ALLIES, 1943
- ORIENTAL FANTASY, 1944
- RUBY, 1964
FOR THEATER
- TOGETHER (OPERATTA), 1937
- IBONG ADARNA (BALLET), 1970
- BAILES DE AYER (BALLET), 1974
FOR PIANO
- THE SEASON-SONG CYLCLE, 1932
- A LA JUVENTUD FILIPINA, 1935
- PHILIPPINE SYMPHONY NO. 1, 1939
- PHILIPPINE SYMPHONY NO. 2, 1942
- PHILIPPINE SYMPHONY NO. 3, 1947

AWARDS AND DISTINCTION

• Doctor of Music, honorary degree, Chicago Musical College, 1954
• Distinguished Musical Achievement Award, Manila Symphony Society, 1957
• Certificate of Merit, Pasay City Mayor, 1971
HILARION RUBIO
 A renowned conductor for chorus and band, Hilarion F. Rubio was born in Bacoor, Cavite on October 21,
1902 to Crisostomo Rubio and Faustina Francisco.
 He was exposed to music because of his uncles who were band musicians.
 He was first taught musically by an Aglipayan priest, Father Amando Buencamino. Through the priest's
instruction, he learned solfeggio and a wide range of musical instruments like the clarinet, violin, and
harmonium.
 At the age of 8, he was accepted as a clarinetist in the Bacoor Band. By this time, he composed his first
composition titled Unang Katas for the band.
 After graduating high school, he established the Anak Zapote Band.
 He would have enrolled at the College of Law, but he deeply felt that he was born for music. Therefore, he
enrolled at the UP Conservatory of Music. During that time, there was an ROTC band where he became its
bandleader and captain.
 He also involved himself as the timpanist in the UP Junior Symphony Orchestra.
 In 1936, he became the opera conductor at the Manila Music School and, also a choral conductor of a male
choir, the Islanders.
 He was appointed instructor at the UP Conservatory of Music.
 He also served as the director of the Central Escolar University Conservatory of Music from 1944-1945.
 He transcribed musical pieces as played through records because there was a lack of musical scores that
time.
Mamdemoiselle Angot, ballet music by LeCocq
The choral part of the Polovtsian Dance by Borodin
Serenata de Amor by Mantovani
Valse de Concert
 He also arranged the following:
Mass in C Major by Juan S. Hernandez
“Revolutionary Etude” for chorus and orchestra by Chopin
La Vita Breve by De Falla
Piano Concerto No. 4 in D minor, Op. 70 by Rubinstein
Maria Clara, an operetta by Leon Ignacio
 Created music for movies like Kundiman, Palaboy ng Diyos, and Kaban ng Tipan.
COMPOSITION:
FOR CHOIR:
- TO THE FILIPINO YOUTH, 1951
- THE SECOND, 1963
FOR ORCHESTRA
- THE ELEMENTS, 1940
- SYMPHONY FOR GREATNESS, 1966
FOR VOICE AND PIANO
- MUTYA NG SILANGAN, 1944
- PAGMAMAKA-AMO, 1951
- BUKANG LIWAYWAY, 1957
 - IT’S ONLY IN DREAMS, 1974
FOR PIANO
- IN A TROPICAL SEA
- KALOOYE-TABE
FOR THEATER
- ANG KONSYERTO, 1974

AWARDS AND HONOR

• Most Outstanding Citizen of Bacoor in the Field of Music, Bacoor TIMBULAN Society, 1964
• Diploma of Merit, UP Board of Regents, 1967 Study-Observation Grant from the UP and the Music
Promotion Foundation, 1967
• Certificate of Honor and Gratefulness, Silver Jubilee Service Record, IEUDC, 1972

ARTS
PHOTOGRAPHY
TYPES OF PHOTOGRAPHY
- FINES ARTS PHOTOGRAPHY- focuses on using photograph as artworks. It involves not just technical
knowhow but artistry and creativity as well.
- PORTRAIT PHOTOGRAPHY- is a specialization that focuses on taking pictures of person in their studios or
on location
- SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY- is record of scientific or medical date or events using photography.
- NEWS PHOTOGRAPHY OR PHOTO JOURNALISM- the use of photographs to tell news.
- GLAMOUR PHOTOGRAPHS- is designed to sell products.

NOTABLE FILIPINO PHOTOGRAPHERS

- GEORGE TAPAN-showcase the beauty of the Philippines through his travel photography.
- JOHN CHUA-a famous photographer who uses his talents in photography to raise awareness of his different
advocacies such as PWD and the rehabilitation of the Banaue Rice Terraces.

MOTION PICTURES
MOTION PICTURE-series of still picture called frame that are shown continuously and sequentially, creating an
illusion of movement.
STAGES IN FILM PRODUCTION
- DEVELOPMENT- this is the stage where the ideas for the film is discussed. The producer chooses story to
base the film on. The story may be completely original or will be based on an existing concept such as
novel, comic books, video games or the life of a real person, etc.
TREATMENT-describes the story, the mood of the film, and its character.
- PREPRODUCTION- is the phase, where the director is hired as well as the cast and crew.
DIRECTOR-the one who controls the storytelling, the creatives decision, for the production, and the
performance of the actor.
- PRODUCTION- the shooting of the raw footage happens.
 - POST-PRODUCTION- the stage where the visual effects and musical scores are added. The film is
assembled by the film editor from the raw footage of filming. The film editor chooses the appropriate footage
and combines them with to create a finished film, ready for the final show.
- DISTRIBUTION- the final phase of film production where the film is released to the cinema or in some cases
to digital media provider.

CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO MAKER:

- BRILLANTE MENDOZA
 The film director first gained recognition here and abroad for his 2005 independent film, Masahista
 Kinatay, the film that thrusted hi to History of Philippine cinema as he won the Best Director Award
in Canne film festival in 2009.
 Thy Womb, Best Director, Asia-Pacific Screen awards, 2012
 Knighted by the French government for his talent and his upliftment of the Philippine cinema.
- MARYO J. DE LOS REYES
 Started as a writer for drama anthologies for television.
 Awarded as Best Director and writer in 1978.
 His award-winning works include Alab ng Lahi (1983), Sinungaling mong Puso (1992), and
Magnifico.
- LAURICE GUILLEN
 Both an actress and director.
 Her memorable acting roles were for classic film such as Tinimbang Ngunit Kulang, Sister Stella L
(1984), and A Dangerous Life (1988)
 Her Directorial career was guided by Lino Brocka.
 Magkano Ang Iyong Dangal (1988), Guillen was awarded Best Director in the MMFF
 Tanging Yaman (2001), she won Best Director, Best Screenplay, and Best original Story, MMFF
2010

ANIMATION
ANIMATION-the art of sequencing drawings or static images together to achieve the illusion of movement or life. It
can have different form like cartoons, stop-motion animation, and claymation.
STORYBOARD- contains comic strip-like drawings that breakdown a story in sequence.
IN-BETWEENER-the one in charge of filling up the rest of the movement in an animation.
COMPUTER ANIMATOR-are the one who create image using computer.
STOP-MOTION ANIMATOR-are animator that make use of dolls or puppets with movable joints in the creation of
film.

PHILIPPINE ANIMATION HISTORY AND ANIMATORS

JUAN TAMAD- first Filipino cartoon, animated short, created on 1955 by cartoonist Jose Zabala Santos and
Francisco Reyes for a commercial.
TADHANA-first full-length animated movie made in 1978 by New York trained animator, Nonoy Marcelo.
ANG PANDAY-first Filipino cartoon series that was based from the comic character made by Carlo J. Caparas and
Steven Gan. This was made into animated cartoon by Gierry Garcia.
ADARNA-the first full-length Filipino animated film, was an adaptation of local Filipino Folklore.
RPG METONAIA-first full-length 3-D animated film directed by Luis C. Suarez and made by Ambient Media
Thaumatrope Animation Production and won the third Best Picture in MMFF 2010.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

STREET DANCE- is a Filipinized version of hip-hop dance that was specifically used by Filipino.
HIPHOP DANCE-a dance style performed to hip-hop music and usually done in the street

FOUR FUNDAMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS:

RAPPING(MCING)-vocal elements
-the heart of the hip-hop musical genre.
DISC KOCKEYING-scratching or turntable record mixing.
BREAK DANCING(B-BOYING)-accentuated energetic movement with acrobatic skills.
GRAFFITI ART -known as aerosol art.

AFRIKA DAMBAATAA (KEVIN DONAVAN)

- A New York rapper who invented the word, hip-hop

- Dubbed as the grandfather of hip-hop

ELEMENTS OF STREET DANCE

- Bounce or recoil - It is a quick contraction and retraction, or vice versa, movement with energy and vitality.
The body or body parts may move from one direction and quickly change to a different or opposite direction.
An example is the rise and fall movement of the shoulders that may be done with a steady pulse or
accentuated.
- Tightening of the body - The body is controlled with firmness and strength to prepare it for explosive and
sudden movements. The body moves in a "fragmented manner which echoes the sampled layering of hip-
hop music".
- Agility and coordination - "Because the body dances a complex array of interlocking rhythms, percussive
accents of isolated body-parts pop out in unexpected phrasing and those break-dancers perform elaborate
spins, balances, flips, contortions and freezes, it must be able to move quickly and smoothly from one
position to the other with ease.
- Fun-Hip-hop dance is not only exciting but enjoyable as well."Hip- hop dance is fun. Fun is an essential
element of hip-hop, which offers its dancers a mechanism to offer kinetic musicality with a bravado easily
consumed by an immobile audience".
STREET DANCE STYLES
• THE OLD SCHOOL STREET DANCE STYLE
A. BREAKING- it is unstructured and highly improvisational style that incorporates gymnastics and
acrobatic movement.

POWER MOVES BASIC MOVES

• THE WINDMILL • TOPROCK

• HEADSPIN • UPROCK
• FLARE • 6-STEP
 • JACKHAMMER • MOONWALK
• WORM

B. POPPING- a quick contraction and relaxation of muscle to produce jerking of various joints.
C. LOCKING- created by Don Campbell. It relies on the fast, distinct arm and hand movements
combined with relaxed hips and legs wherein the lock is the essential move.
-Characterized by frequent locking in place and moving again and after a quick freeze.
Movement is generally large and exaggerated, rhythmic and tightly synchronized with
the music.

• THE NEW SCHOOL STREET DANCE STYLE

A. KRUMPING- dance style characterized by unrestrained, rapid-fire, and highly energetic moves of
the limbs and torso.
B. HOUSE- dance style that emphasizes fast, complex footsteps with fluid torso movement
C. STREET JAZZ- a dance style that combine hip-hop and jazz dance.
TIPS IN HIP-HOP DANCING
• Choose an upbeat music or song. Make sure the song features high energy, danceability, lyricism (used for
rap), and electronic dance music (EDM).
• Make sure to wear comfortable shoes. This will prevent the occurrence of injury.
• Feel relaxed before stepping on the dance floor. It will help you move freely with the beat. Being tense
makes the dance moves firm and not being able to fully let go with the music.
• Move the hips. It indicates that the person is ready to dance. Move the hips from left to right, and front and
back.
• Keep practicing. To master the moves, dancing requires the ability to recall the steps. This can be achieved
through consistent practices and rehearsals.
• Watch dance tutorials/videos from the internet or television. This will inspire you to try new dance moves
that can be seen not only in TV but also in other forms of media.
• Take some dance lessons. Dancing can be improved through consistent practice and rehearsals. It is also
best to find an inspirational dancer who you could look up for.
BENEFITS OF HIP-HOP DANCING
Hip-hop dance is beneficial to health. Since it requires movement the entire time, the body takes in oxygen,
which helps in burning fat. It can be helpful to persons who like to lose weight. It reduces stress because is
a form of entertainment, dancing can also boost energy. It is best to practice with a healthy diet and enough
to rest to make dancing more fun and enchanting.
HEALTH
EXISTING GLOBAL HEALTH INITIATIVES

 The MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS (MDGs) are the eight international development goals that
focuses on human capital, infrastructure, and human rights.
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS:
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
 Achieve universal primary education
Promote gender equality
Reduce child mortality
Improve maternal health
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
Ensure environmental sustainability
Develop a global partnership for development
 The WHO FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON TOBACCO CONTROL (FCTC) is treaty implemented to
prevent communicable disease (NDCs).
 The COMPREHENSIVE MENTAL HEALTH ACTION PLAN 2013-2020 recognize the essential role of
mental health in achieving health for all people based on the lifelong approach of achieving equity through
universal health coverage.
FOUR MAJOR GOALS:
Strengthen effective leadership and governance for mental health.
Provide comprehensive, integrated mental health and social care services in community-based settings.
Implement strategies for promotion and prevention in mental health.
Strengthen information systems, evidence-based practices, and research for mental health.

 The GLOBAL STRATEGY TO REDUCE THE HARMFUL USE OF ALCOHOL. The strategies include
policies and intervention for implementation at the national level as:
Leadership, awareness, and commitment through development and strengthening of strategies for
reducing harmful use of alcohol, coordination with other related agencies, access to information
and education, and programs on public awareness on alcohol use and its consequences
Health services response that enhances and strengthens the capacity of health and social welfare
systems for the implementation, prevention, and treatment
Community action that emphasizes on the ability of the local authorities to encourage and
coordinate community actions in providing information on effective community-based interventions
at the same time involving the community to prevent the sale and consumption of alcohol drinks to
the youth
Drinking and driving policies and countermeasures like setting maximum limits for alcohol
concentrations, conducting random inspection, and encouraging establishments to provide
alternative transport for their customers
Regulating availability of alcohol through its production and distribution, setting of minimum legal
drinking ages, and enhancement of policies to prevent the sale to alcoholics and underage
drinkers.
Regulating and consistently monitoring the marketing of alcoholic beverages
Reviewing pricing policies of alcoholic beverages such as the imposition of higher tax and higher retail
prices, and restricting price-based promotions of such drinks
Reducing the negative consequences of drinking and alcohol intoxication that include advocating the
use of small plastic containers instead of glass bottles to minimize violence, reducing the alcohol
strength, and providing a temporary shelter for severely intoxicated people
Holding monitoring and surveillance activities within the area through dissemination of the information
on the harmful effects of alcohol use
Reducing the public health impact of illicit alcohol and informally produced alcohol.
 The GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR VACCINE AND IMMUNIZATION (GAVI) is a global health partnership of
public and private sectors that aims to immunize every child.