Name: Ian Rey M.

de Los Santos Course: BSFT-2A

ACTIVITY NO. 14

Prepare a comprehensive and creative diagram/table/illustration comparing and/or contrasting

the following:
I. Versions of Pardo de Tavera, Montero y Vidal, and Izquirdo on the Cavite Mutiny of
1872.

SPANISH ACCOUNTS DIFFERING ACCOUNTS

According to Jose Montero y Vidal's account,

Pardo de Tavera's report that the rebellion,
there are numerous additional factors that
rather than overthrowing the Spanish
contribute to the uprising, in addition to the
government, served to force the central
termination of the exemption from paying
government of Madrid to announce that it
tribute. These additional factors, along with
would strip its brothers of civil government and
the rebels' need for support from those with
university administrative powers, gave the
more authority and animosity toward the
Filipinos the power of the country. The
friars, are what lead to the uprising.
Additionally, he claims that they ignore
rumors regarding the mutiny and that
meetings are taking place at either D's or E's
home. Jacinto Zamora or Joaquin Pardo
Tavera, and frequently the curate of Bacoor.
Meanwhile, Governor Rafael Izquierdo said
local clerics, mestizos, local lawyers and
Avogadillo were the initiators, encouraging
rebels to protest injustice, pay tribute and
force their services. He also said he didn't
know which government they would form, but
the chief was either D. Jose Burgos or D.
Jacinto Zamora, who was behind the
movement.
According to reports from both José Montero
y Vidal and Governor Izquierdo, a rebellion
has already been planned, supported by local
clerics who want to overthrow the Spanish
government.
brothers were frightened.
Edmund Plauchut reports that General La Torre
created a military government of high officials,
including monks and Spanish officials, at the
same time a commission was created by the
Madrid government. After the arrival of
General Izquierd, all were brutally ignored,
deprived of the payment of taxes and the
provision of services, and disputes ensued.
“All accounts are stating that the reason
Both reports by Pardo de Tavera and Edmund
of the uprising is the change in the system
Plauchut state that the rebellion had no
or abolition of privileges that the workers
intention of overthrowing or overthrowing
from Cavite arsenal was originally
Spain, on the contrary, they wanted to secure
exempted for”.
the country's material and educational
progress.

II. Moreno, Fr. Balaguer’s, and other primary sources about Rizal’s Retraction

Federico Moreno's Account

The information in Moreno's report conflicts with Fr. Balaguer's affidavit. The most serious and obvious
discrepancy is that Moreno never mentioned Fr. Balaguer in his report. The retraction debate has a long history,
and Fr. Balaguer consistently claimed that he was present in Rizal's prison cell and actively involved in
convincing him to retract.

All different pro-retraction advocates who got here after Fr. Balaguer took his account as historic truth and
argued their case the use of him as their number one source. The Masons attacked Fr. Balaguer's
narrative, however they in no way puzzled his declare that he turned into a witness to this event. However, in
Moreno's account best Jesuits are identified: Fr. Jose Vilaclara and Fr. Estanislao March.

Father Vicente Balaguer Account

According to a testimony from Father Vicente Balaguer, a Jesuit missionary who befriended the hero
during his exile in Dapitan, Rizal accepted a shorter withdrawal document written by the superior of the
Jesuit society in the Philippines, Father Pio Pi.
III. Valenzuela, Alvarez, Masangkay, and De Jesus’s version of the Cry of Balintawak or Pugad Lawin.

Cry of Pugad Lawin
Santiago Alvarez
Pio Valenzuela
One of the surviving witnesses of the
Cry of Pugad Lawin, and this is
confirmed by the list drawn up by
Guillermo Masangkay - Only doctor
participating in the cry
Not known for having impeccable
memory. This is demonstrated with
his recollections of his meeting with
Rizal at Dapitan, months before the
launch of the Revolution. His
confusing statements threw doubt to
the cry itself.
In his first version, he said that the Cry
was in Balintawak on Wednesday of
August 26, 1896
Later, he wrote his Memoirs of the
Revolution and claimed that the Cry
took place at Pugad Lawin on August
23, 1896,
The Cry of Bahay Toro
First Cry
Gregoria de Jesus
Santiago Alvarez
Another version of the cry which Gregoria de Jesus
launched the Philippine revolution is
written by Santiago Alvarez. One of the participants in the drama
of the Philippine Revolution of 1896
Alvarez was not an eye witness of the was Gregoria De Jesus. Custodian of
historic event. Although he was in secret documents, seal and
Cavite at that time, this is his version weapons. . Bonifacio and his men
of the first cry. gathered in the hills of Balintawak for
the war of liberation. According to
Sunday, August 23, 1896 As early as 10 her version of the first cry it occurred
oclock in the morning, at the barn of near Caloocan on August 25, 1896.
Kabesang Melchora [Melchora Aquino
Z.] At a place called Sampalukan,
barrio of bahay Toro, katipuneros met
together about 500 of these arrived.
Monday, August 24, 1896 There were
about 1,000 kapituneros. The
"Supremo" decided to hold a meeting
inside the big barn. Under his
leadership, the meeting began at 10
oclock in the morning. It was 12 o
clock noon when the meeting
adjourned amidst loud cries of "Long
live the sons of the Country"
(Mabuhay ang mga anak ng bayan).
 The Cry of Balintawak Guillermo The Cry of Balintawak: A Contrived
MAGSANGKAY

A Contrived
Controversy
Masangkay Controversy

The first cry of revolution happened in Soledad Borromeo-Buehler

Balintawak, at the house of Apolonio
Samson, on August 26, 1896.
9 o'clock in the morning, the board of
directors held a meeting for the final date
of uprising. Bonifacio went outside the hall
and talked to the people waiting outside.
5 o'clock in the afternoon, Spaniards were
coming to them as their organization was
discovered and they are all marked men.
Claimed cédulas were torn more than
once. (August 24 and August 26)
Descendant of Guillermo Masangkay
Supporter of the notion of "two cries."
What supports this claim is the supposed
meeting that took place before the cry,
and the supposed battle that took place
after the cry. She concludes that the "Cry
of Pugad Lawin" as we know today is a
"hoax."