ESSAY NOTES

TABLE OF CONTENT
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1. Key Takeaways from 130 Books

2. Deconstruction of more than 60 theories
3. Explainer of 50 Philosophical Quotes
4. Research Paper on 30 Most Important
Themes

Key Takeaways from 130 Books:

10 best books of Sociology

1. The Sociological Imagination by C. Wright Mills

2. The Division of Labor in Society by Emile Durkheim
3. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism by Max Weber
4. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life by Erving Goffman
5. Capital: Volume One by Karl Marx
6. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community" by Robert
Putnam
7. The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge" by
Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann
8. Culture and Anarchy by Matthew Arnold
9. The Souls of Black Folk by W. E. B. Du Bois
10. The Theory of Communicative Action by Jürgen Habermas

10 best books of Gender Studies

 1. "The Second Sex" by Simone de Beauvoir
2. "Gender Trouble" by Judith Butler
3. "The Argonauts" by Maggie Nelson
4. "Black Feminist Thought" by Patricia Hill Collins
5. "This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color" edited by
Cherríe Moraga and Gloria Anzaldúa.
6. "Sister Outsider" by Audre Lorde
7. "Men Explain Things to Me" by Rebecca Solnit
8. "Feminism Is for Everybody" by bell hooks
9. "Gender and Power: Society, the Person, and Sexual Politics" by Raewyn Connell
10. "The Will to Change: Men, Masculinity, and Love" by Bell Hooks

Top 10 books of International Relation

1. "Man, the State, and War: A Theoretical Analysis" by Kenneth N. Waltz
2. "The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics" by Hedley Bull
3. "The Tragedy of Great Power Politics" by John J. Mearsheimer
4. "The End of History and the Last Man" by Francis Fukuyama
5. "International Politics: Power and Purpose in Global Affairs" by Paul D'Anieri
6. "The Political Economy of International Relations" by Robert Gilpin
7. "Power and Interdependence" by Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye Jr.
8. "International Relations Theory: Realism, Pluralism, Globalism, and Beyond" by
Paul R. Viotti and Mark V. Kauppi
9. "The Rise and Fall of Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from
1500 to 2000" by Paul Kennedy
10. "War and Change in World Politics" by Robert Gilpin

Top 10 Political Science Books

1. Plato's Republic
2. Aristotle's Politics
3. Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince
4. John Locke's Two Treatises of Government.
5. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's The Social Contract
6. Thomas Hobbes's Leviathan
7. Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto
8. John Stuart Mill's On Liberty
9. Friedrich Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil
10. Hannah Arendt's The Origins of Totalitarianism

10 best books on Philosophy

 1. "Meditations" by Marcus Aurelius
2. "The Republic" by Plato
3. "Nicomachean Ethics" by Aristotle
4. "Beyond Good and Evil" by Friedrich Nietzsche
5. "Critique of Pure Reason" by Immanuel Kant
6. "The Tao Te Ching" by Lao Tzu
7. "The Leviathan" by Thomas Hobbes
8. "The Social Contract" by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
9. "Thus Spoke Zarathustra" by Friedrich Nietzsche
10. "The Symposium" by Plato

40 Best Books on World Affairs

1. "The Communist Manifesto" by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (1848) -

2. "The Origins of Totalitarianism" by Hannah Arendt (1951.
3. "The Wretched of the Earth" by Frantz Fanon (1961)
4. "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order" by Samuel P.
Huntington (1996) -
5. "The End of History and the Last Man" by Francis Fukuyama (1992) -
6. "The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness" by Michelle
Alexander
7. "The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism" by Naomi Klein
8. "The Spirit Level: Why Greater Equality Makes Societies Stronger" by Richard
Wilkinson and Kate Pickett
9. "Capital in the Twenty-First Century" by Thomas Piketty
10. "Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media" by Noam
Chomsky and Edward S. Herman
11. "Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical
Right" by Jane Mayer
12. "The End of Power: From Boardrooms to Battlefields and Churches to States, Why
Being In Charge Isn't What It Used to Be" by Moisés Naím
13. "The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New
Frontier of Power" by Shoshana Zuboff
14. "Bad Samaritans: The Myth of Free Trade and the Secret History of Capitalism" by
Ha-Joon Chang
15. "The Origins of Political Order: From Prehuman Times to the French Revolution"
by Francis Fukuyama
16. "The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict
from 1500 to 2000" by Paul Kennedy
17. "The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics" by Hedley Bull
18. "The Tragedy of Great Power Politics" by John Mearsheimer
19. "The Origins of the First World War" by Samuel R. Williamson Jr.
20. "The Cold War: A New History" by John Lewis Gaddis
 21. "The Limits of Power: The End of American Exceptionalism" by Andrew J.
Bacevich
22. "The Guns of August" by Barbara W. Tuchman
23. "The Post-American World" by Fareed Zakaria
24. "World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and
Global Instability" by Amy Chua
25. "The Rise of China and the Future of the West: Can the Liberal System Survive?"
by John Mearsheimer
26. "The Return of History and the End of Dreams" by Robert Kagan
27. "The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries are Failing and What Can Be
Done About It" by Paul Collier
28. "Diplomacy" by Henry Kissinger
29. "The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and Its Geostrategic Imperatives" by
Zbigniew Brzezinski
30. "The Tragedy of Great Power Politics" by John Mearsheimer
31. "Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides's Trap?" by
Graham Allison
32. "The Hundred-Year Marathon: China's Secret Strategy to Replace America as the
Global Superpower" by Michael Pillsbury
33. "China's Vision of Victory" by Jonathan D. T. Ward
34. "The Great Delusion: Liberal Dreams and International Realities" by John J.
Mearsheimer
35. "The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power" by Thomas J.
Christensen
36. Consequences of Capitalism by Noam Chomsky
37. On Anarchism by Noam Chomsky
38. How the World Works by Noam Chomsky
39. Roots of Russia's War in Ukraine by Elizabeth A. Wood
40. Russia's Border Wars and Frozen Conflicts by James J. Coyle

40 Best Books on Pakistan Affairs

1. "Kashmir: The Case for Freedom" by Tariq Ali

2. "Kashmir in the Crossfire" by Victoria Schofield
3. "Kashmir: A Disputed Legacy, 1846-1990" by Alastair Lamb
4. "Kashmir: The Unwritten History" by Christopher Snedden
5. "Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace" by Sumantra Bose
6. "Magnificent Delusions: Pakistan, the United States, and an Epic History of
Misunderstanding" by Husain Haqqani
7. "Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military" by Husain Haqqani
8. "Deadly Embrace: Pakistan, America, and the Future of the Global Jihad" by Bruce
Riedel
9. "Pakistan on the Brink: The Future of America, Pakistan, and Afghanistan" by
Ahmed Rashid
10. "Descent into Chaos: The U.S. and the Disaster in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and
Central Asia" by Ahmed Rashid
11. "Pakistan: A Hard Country" by Anatol Lieven
12. "Military Inc.: Inside Pakistan's Military Economy" by Ayesha Siddiqa
13. "The Duel: Pakistan on the Flight Path of American Power" by Tariq Ali
14. "A History of Pakistan and Its Origins" by Christophe Jaffrelot
15. "The Struggle for Pakistan: A Muslim Homeland and Global Politics" by Ayesha
Jalal
16. "Pakistan: Beyond the 'Crisis State'" edited by Maleeha Lodhi
17. "Pakistan: Eye of the Storm" by Owen Bennett Jones
18. "The Politics of Pakistan: The Struggle for Democracy and Military Power" by
Hafeez Malik
19. "The Pakistan Paradox: Instability and Resilience" by Christophe Jaffrelot
20. "The Bhutto Dynasty: The Struggle for Power in Pakistan" by Owen Bennett
Jones.
21. "Pakistan: The Economy of an Elitist State" by Ishrat Husain
22. "Economic Management in Pakistan, 1999-2002" by Shahid Javed Burki
23. "Economic Growth in Pakistan: History and Policy" edited by Rashid Amjad and
Shahid Javed Burki
24. "Pakistan's Development Challenges" edited by Ejaz Ghani, Sadiq Ahmed, and
Rashid Amjad
25. "Pakistan: Moving the Economy Forward" edited by Michael F. Corbett and
Jennifer L. Faust
26. "Pakistan: Social and Cultural Transformations in a Muslim Nation" by Mohammad
A. Qadeer
27. "Violence and Politics in Pakistan" by Zulfiqar Ali Kalhoro
28. "Pakistan: A New History" by Ian Talbot
29. "The State of Islam: Culture and Cold War Politics in Pakistan" by Saadia Toor
30. "Gender, Sexuality, and Colonial Modernities" edited by J. P. Peacock and
Rosalind O'Hanlon
31. "Pakistan's Foreign Policy: A Reappraisal" by Abdul Sattar
32. "Pakistan's Foreign Policy: An Historical Analysis" by Abdul Sattar
33. "Pakistan's Foreign Policy: A Historical Overview" by Shahid M. Amin
34. "Pakistan's Foreign Policy: A Constructivist Perspective" by Ayesha Siddiqa
35. "Pakistan's Foreign Policy: A Perspective" by Aziz Ahmad
36. "The Making of Pakistan's Foreign Policy, 1947-1954" by Zulfiqar Khalid Maluka
37. "Pakistan's Foreign Policy, 1947-2012: A Concise History" by Abdul Sattar
38. "The Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Ethnic Impacts on Diplomacy, 1971-1994" by
Adeel Khan
39. "Pakistan's Foreign Policy: A Reassessment" edited by Rajshree Jetly and Arvind
Kumar
40. "Pakistan's Nuclear Policy: A Minimum Credible Deterrence" by Zafar Iqbal
Cheema.
Deconstruction of more than 60 theories:
Sociology theories:
1. Conflict Theory
2. Functionalism
3. Symbolic Interactionism
4. Social Exchange Theory
5. Critical Race Theory
6. Postmodernism
7. Postcolonial Theory
8. Structuralism
9. Cultural Materialism
10. Rational Choice Theory
11. Evolutionary Theory

Gender Studies theories

1. Gender Performativity:
2. Intersectionality:
3. Patriarchy:
4. Queer Theory:
5. Standpoint Theory:
6. Transgender Theory:
7. Hegemonic Masculinity
8. Feminist Theory.
9. Rape Culture
10. Heteronormativity:
11. Body Politics.
12. Postcolonial Feminism:
13. Disability Studies:
14. Cultural Feminism:
15. Ecofeminism:
16. Black Feminism:
17. Globalization and Gender:
18. Post-structural Feminism:
19. Marxist Feminism:
20. Psychoanalytic Feminism:
21. Gender Trouble:
22. Postmodern Feminism:
23. Objectification Theory:
 24. Symbolic Interactionism
25. Social Constructionism
26. Third-Wave Feminism:
27. Post-feminism
28. Compulsory Heterosexuality:
29. Critical Race Feminism:
30. Intersectional Environmentalism:

International Relation
1. Realism
2. Neorealism
3. Liberalism
4. Neoliberalism
5. Constructivism
6. Marxism
7. Postcolonialism
8. Idealism
9. Globalization theory
10. Power transition theory
11. Balance of power theory
12. Security dilemma theory
13. Complex interdependence theory
14. Regime theory
15. Normative theory
16. Game theory

Political Science
1. Plato's Theory of Forms
2. Aristotle's Theory of the State
3. Machiavelli's Theory of Power
4. Hobbes's Social Contract Theory
5. Locke's Theory of Limited Government
6. Rousseau's Social Contract Theory
7. Hegel's Theory of Historical Progression
8. Marx's Theory of Historical Materialism
9. Rawls's Theory of Justice
10. Foucault's Theory of Power
Explainer of 50 Philosophical Quotes
Sure, here are 50 philosophical quotes from various thinkers throughout history:

1. "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates

2. "I think, therefore I am." - René Descartes
3. "The unexamined life is not worth living." - Socrates
4. "Man is the measure of all things." - Protagoras
5. "There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance." - Socrates
6. "To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else is
the greatest accomplishment." - Ralph Waldo Emerson
7. "We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit." -
Aristotle
8. "The mind is everything; what you think, you become." - Buddha
9. "The more I learn, the more I realize how much I don't know." - Albert Einstein
10. "We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars." - Oscar Wilde
11. "The only way to deal with fear is to face it head on." - James Baldwin
12. "Man is condemned to be free." - Jean-Paul Sartre
13. "The unexamined life may not be worth living, but the overexamined life is not worth
living either." - Carl Jung
14. "It is not what happens to you, but how you react to it that matters." - Epictetus
15. "In three words I can sum up everything I've learned about life: it goes on." - Robert
Frost
16. "The most important thing is to be able to live with yourself. To do that, you need
honesty, self-awareness, and a good moral compass." - Dalai Lama
17. "I cannot teach anybody anything. I can only make them think." - Socrates
18. "Freedom is the will to be responsible for ourselves." - Friedrich Nietzsche
19. "The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall."
- Nelson Mandela
20. "We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit." -
Aristotle
21. "The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing." -
Edmund Burke
22. "The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others." -
Mahatma Gandhi
23. "Life is a journey, not a destination." - Ralph Waldo Emerson
24. "We must learn to live together as brothers or perish together as fools." - Martin
Luther King Jr.
25. "Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire." - W.B. Yeats
26. "We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created
them." - Albert Einstein
27. "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates
28. "Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions." - Dalai
Lama
 29. "The mind is everything; what you think, you become." - Buddha
30. "All that we are is the result of what we have thought." – Buddha
31. "We become what we think about." - Earl Nightingale
32. "If you don't stand for something, you will fall for anything." - Malcolm X
33. "You are not a drop in the ocean. You are the entire ocean in a drop." - Rumi
34. "The only way to do great work is to love what you do." - Steve Jobs
35. "To be conscious of being, you need to reclaim consciousness from the mind." -
Eckhart Tolle
36. "Believe you can and you're halfway there." - Theodore Roosevelt
37. "If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together." - African
Proverb
38. "Everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of
ourselves." - Carl Jung
39. "The only source of knowledge is experience." - Albert Einstein
40. "If you want to make the world a better place, take a look at yourself and make a
change." - Michael Jackson
41. "True wisdom comes to each of us when we realize how little we understand about
life, ourselves, and the world around us." - Socrates
42. "Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within
yourself that you have built against it." - Rumi
43. "Chaos is a friend of mine." - Bob Dylan
44. "We don't see things as they are, we see them as we are." - Anaïs Nin
45. "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself." - Franklin D. Roosevelt
46. "Everything we hear is an opinion, not a fact. Everything we see is a perspective,
not the truth." - Marcus Aurelius
47. "Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If you love
what you are doing, you will be successful." - Albert Schweitzer
48. "Life is 10% what happens to us and 90% how we react to it." - Charles R. Swindoll
49. "We are not human beings having a spiritual experience. We are spiritual beings
having a human experience." - Teilhard de Chardin
50. "Be the change you wish to see in the world." - Mahatma Gandhi

Research Papers on 30 Most Important

Themes
1. Changing World Order

2. China is emerging power

3. Climate change and Pakistan

4. Climate change and World

5. Democracy

6. Economic Outlook of Pakistan

7. Freedom of Speech

8. Gender Inequality

9. Globalization

10. Governance and Economic Growth

11. Governance issues of Pakistan

12. Higher Education

13. Human rights

14. Islamophobia

15. Kashmir Issue

16. Media and Public Opinion

17. Pakistan Human Developments

18. Political Instability

19. Population of Pakistan

20. Poverty and Inequality

21. Role of Education

22. Role of Women in 21st Century

23. Role of Women in Society

24. Technology and Society

25. Changing nature of family and relationships

26. International org and global cooperation

27. Unemployment

28. Urbanization

29. US-China Competition

30. World Population