AUDREY HAROLD M.

NAVALES
MAed Physical Education
Dr. Perry C. Piano
December 16, 2023

Questions for Cognitive Theories

1. Discuss the educational implications of Gagne’s theory.

The "Conditions of Learning," Gagne's theory of instructional design, has important educational ramifications.
Important ideas include the nine events of instruction, the hierarchy of learning objectives, and the
significance of adapting instructional strategies to various forms of learning. The theory supports the
integration of technology for improved learning, stresses individual diversity, and is consistent with the
concepts of Instructional Systems Design (ISD). The emphasis is on evaluation, feedback, and encouraging
the transfer of knowledge. All things considered, Gagne's theory offers educators a methodical framework for
creating interesting and productive learning environments that meet the needs of a diverse student body.

2. After reading Ausebel’s subsumption theory, list the four processes by which meaningful
learning can occur and explain each.
According to Ausubel's Subsumption Theory, four steps facilitate meaningful learning:
Subsumption:
Improving meaning and retention by incorporating new information into existing cognitive systems.
Differentiation Progressive:
Making distinctions within existing mental categories to gain a more complete knowledge.
Reconciliation:
Identifying and resolving discrepancies between new knowledge and current cognitive structures, as well as
modifying mental categories.
Superordinate Education:
Forming higher-level mental categories by developing comprehensive cognitive frameworks that incorporate
several related concepts.
For effective and meaningful learning, these processes emphasize the significance of linking new information
with past knowledge, enhancing comprehension, resolving discrepancies, and building broader mental
categories.

3. Discuss the Gestalt principles or laws that govern how people assign meanings to
visual stimuli.
Gestalt principles are a set of laws that describe how people perceive and interpret visual input. These
principles are as follows:
The Law of Similarity states that similar elements are believed to belong together.
The Law of Proximity states that elements that are close to one other are regarded as a
group. Incomplete figures are mentally finished for coherence under the Law of Closure.
The Law of Continuity states that elements along a continuous line or smooth curve are viewed as
one. The Law of Figure-Ground states that objects are viewed to be different from their surrounds.
Symmetrical items are viewed as more stable and harmonious, according to the Law of Symmetry.
Elements going in the same direction are viewed as a group under the Law of Common Fate.
Perceptions tend to be arranged into the simplest and most coherent forms, according to the Law of
Prägnanz.