PROJECT REPORT

ON
ROLE OF MEDIA IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
SUBMITTED AT

SRI DEV SUMAN UNIVERSITY TEHRI

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of a degree
of
BACHELORS OF ARTS (HONS) JOURNALISM AND MASS
COMMUNICATION

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
MR. RAKESH CHANDRA AMIT KUMAR
(HOD) Roll No. 326219390003

DEPARTMENT OF JOURNALISM & MASS COMMUNICATION

GRD INSTITUE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY,
DEHRADUN

Page | 1
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Internship Project entitled “ROLE OF MEDIA IN TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT” submitted to The G.R.D Institute Of Management And Technology, for
the Degree of BACHELORS OF ARTS (HONS) JOURNALISM AND MASS
COMMUNICATION, is an original piece of work done by me under the guidance of MR.
RAKESH CHANDRA.

It has not been submitted to any other University or Institution for the award of any degree or
diploma.

AMIT KUMAR
(326219390003)

Page | 2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere thanks to my project guide MR. RAKESH CHANDRA, for guiding me
right form the inception till the successful completion of the project.
I wish to record my sincere thanks to my family members for their help and cooperation
throughout the project.
Lastly, I express my sense of gratitude for all those who have helped me in collecting data and in
analysis.

AMIT KUMAR
(326219390003)

Page | 3
 CERTIFICATE BY INTERNAL GUIDE

I have the pleasure in certifying that Mr. AMIT KUMAR is a bonafide student of 6th semester
of the bachelors of Arts in Journalism and Mass Communication (Batch 2021-2024) of G.R.D
Institute Of Management And Technology, Dehradun, Roll No 326219390003
he has completed his Internship Project work entitled as “ROLE OF MEDIA IN TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT” under my guidance.
I certify that this is his original effort & has not been copied from any other source. This project
has also not been submitted in any other university for the purpose of award of any Degree.
This project fulfils the requirements of the curriculum prescribed by G.R.D Institute Of
Management And Technology, Dehradun, for the said course.
I recommend this Internship Project for evaluation & consideration for the award of Degree to
the student.

MR. RAKESH CHANDRA

Professor

Page | 4
Chapter Particular

1 Introduction

2 Tourism In India

3 Research Area

4 Tourism in Uttarakhand
I) Pilgrimage Tourism
II) Natural Tourism
III) Leisure Tourism
IV) Adventure Tourism
5 Research Methodology

6 Data Analysis & Interpretation

7 Findings & Conclusion

8 Bibliography

9 Questionnaire

Page | 5
 INTRODUCTION

The role that the media is playing in the various aspects of life is becoming increasingly
greater each day, especially in spheres like social interaction, and cultural and educational
aspects of our life. As archaeological monuments can articulate the traditions, customs
and heritage of the past, the media can in its turn clarify today's values and civilizations
of the different countries and hence attempt to correct any widespread erroneous
information. Both the media and archaeological monuments have messages and missions
with various dimensions. The media contributes greatly in activating tourist attractions.

Before discussing the role of the media as an instrument in tourism policy, it should be
noted that, broadly speaking, the relationship between tourism and the media is one of
inclusion. When speaking of tourism policy that focuses on specific areas of tourism, the
media become a mediator between tourism and society, meaning that they mediate in a
process of conveying tourism products from the producers to the consumers.

Media communications technologies are imperative for frontline investments for

sustainable globalised tourism development indicators. The powerful effects of media
communications can bring sweeping changes of attitudes and behaviour among the key
actors in local, national and global tourism for peace, security and sustainable
development. The social, cultural, economic, political and environmental benefits of
tourism would usher in monumental and historic changes in the country. As the verdict
goes, the media has a social responsibility to enhance the blending of local, national and
international cultural values for enriched politics, society and economy. Public
communications strategy based on access to quality information and knowledge will
drive the new global tourism through partnership initiatives such as: peace and security,
conflict resolutions for eco tourism, quality tourism, Joint ventures, technology transfer,
etc.

Page | 6
Development in communication is one of the best ways to go in developing eco tourism.
This strategy involves the planned communication component of programmes designed
to change the attitudes and behaviour of specific groups of people in specific ways
through person to person communication, mass media, traditional media or community
communication. It is aims at the delivery of services and the interface between service
deliverers and beneficiaries where people are empowered to by informed choice,
education, motivation and facilitation effecting the expected changes. This can be done
by media advocacy targeting all key stakeholders involved in the tourism industry.
Effective use of communication techniques can barriers and promote better uses
participatory message design which combines both traditional and modern media. Like:
The internet granted the freedom enjoyed by print media and common carriers such as
letters, mails, and cable to the public media. Through audio streaming it is possible to
enhance the reach of radio signals to any part of the world. The internet’s vast capacity
enables each media house to exhaustively investigate and publish in depth analyses.
Internet radio is not limited to audio as pictures, images, digital files and graphics are
accessible to the users. Advertisers and their audiences can easily interact via the internet
broadcasts.

The media have a crucial role to play in putting emerging destinations. The relationship
between tourism and the media is vital and complex. Tourism is highly dependent on
media reporting because the vast majority of travel decisions are made by people who
have never seen the destination first hand for themselves. When there is bad news or a
crisis the impact on tourism can be devastating. Tourists are scared away from
destinations caught in the glare of round-the-clock disaster coverage, causing
communities dependent on tourism to lose their source of livelihood.

Page | 7
 RESEARCH AREA

Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand, the 27th state of the Republic of India, is called "the abode of the Gods". It
contains glaciers, snow-clad mountains, and valley of flowers, skiing slopes and dense
forests, and many shrines and places of pilgrimage. Char-dhams, the four most sacred
and revered Hindu temples: Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri and Yamunotri are nestled in
the Himalayas. Haridwar which means Gateway to God is the only place on the plains.

It holds the watershed for Gangetic River System spanning 300 km from Satluj in the
west to Kali river in the east. Nanda Devi (25640 Ft) is the second highest peak in India

Page | 8
after Kanchenjunga (28160 Ft). Dunagiri, Neelkanth, Chaukhamba, Panchachuli, Trisul
are other peaks above 23000 Ft. It is considered the abode of Devtas, Yakashyas,
Kinners, Fairies and Sages. It boasts of some old hill-stations developed during British
era like Mussoorie, Almora and Nainital.

Culture

The culture of a place depends upon its inhabitants, environment and its heritage.
Uttarakhand has all the things in abundance. In fact, it has every thing that any tourist
could want. The most significant donor for giving mass appeal to tourism in Uttaranchal
is the state’s rich culture, an excellent intermingling of exoticism as well as the way of
life. Frequently thought-out to be the belt of Hindu culture, the Uttaranchal’s culture is
beyond doubt one of the most vital tourist attractions of Uttaranchal.

The highlights of the Uttaranchali culture should be its history, people, religion and
dances. All of them are a beautiful amalgamation of different influences from all the races
and dynasties it has been ruled by. Its history is chequered in comparison to the arts
culture but still interesting enough to hold a person’s consideration. Its dances are
connected to life and human existence and exhibit myriad human emotions. Any trip to
this tranquil will be incomplete unless you explore the wonderful culture and lifestyle of
the local people.

Dances
Majestic Himalayan Mountains of Uttarakhand have an array of legends and activities
attached to them. The state of Uttaranchal has a rich tradition of performing arts and
especially dances. Nearly all of the performing arts are tremendously popular in the
Garhwal region of the state.

Page | 9
History
Uttarakhand literally means Northern Section. Earlier it was a part of the state of Uttar
Pradesh but now it is an independent state. Uttarakhand also has the sobriquet of ‘The
Land of Gods’ and ‘The Heavenly Abode’.

People
Uttarakhand is a region with great ethnic diversity. Though nobody can be called a native
here, there are tribes and villages of people who have no other place to relate to. They are
mostly dependent on agriculture and handicrafts.

Religion
Religion or faith can be defined as belief in a supernatural power that protects us,
punishes us and provides us with whatever we need. It sometimes has a face and
sometimes it doesn’t but the faith prompts people to worship this power

Page | 10
 TOURISM IN INDIA

India or Bharath is the Destination of the Millennium, a Land of All Seasons where
beauty beckons, culture echoes, diversity delights and tradition talks. Those who reach
India are greeted with a gracious Namasthe, Namaskaaram, Vanakkam or Sat Sri Akal
denoting warmth, hospitality and respect - a tradition in tune with the country’s age-old
motto “AthidhiDevoBhava” where the guest is treated as God. Blessed with mist clad
mountain ranges, deep blue seas, enigmatic deserts, golden beaches, emerald green
valleys, palm fringed backwaters on the one hand and unique art forms, exciting fairs and
festivals, interesting pilgrim centres, exclusive heritage sites, royal forts, majestic
monuments, architectural marvels and exotic flora and fauna on the other, this legendary
land is unique in all aspects - it is no wonder that India has emerged as one among the
Top Five Tourist Hotspots of the world, with a tremendous increase in tourist traffic all
through the year. Discover and explore this wonderful peninsular subcontinent that is
India, the land that projects Unity in Diversity - surrounded by the grand snow capped
Himalayan ranges in the North, the spectacular coastline offered by the Arabian Sea in
the West, the Vast Bay of Bengal in the East, and the awesome Indian Ocean in the
South..

Tourism in India is the largest service industry, with a contribution of 6.23% to the
national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. India witness’s more than 17.9
million annual foreign tourist arrivals and 740 million domestic tourism visits. The
tourism industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to
increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. In the year 2010, 17.9
million foreign tourists visited India. Majority of foreign tourists come from USA and
UK. Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are the top 5 states to
receive inbound tourists. Domestic tourism in the same year was massive at 740 million.
Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra received the big share of
these visitors. Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency to formulate national policies and

Page | 11
programmes for the development and promotion of tourism. In the process, the Ministry
consults and collaborates with other stakeholders in the sector including various Central
Ministries/agencies, the State Governments/ union Territories and the representatives of
the private sector. Concerted efforts are being made to promote new forms of tourism
such as rural, cruise, medical and eco-tourism.The Ministry of Tourism is the nodal
agency for the development and promotion of tourism in India and maintains the
Incredible India campaign.

According to World Travel and Tourism Council, India will be a tourism hotspot from
2009–2018, having the highest 10-year growth potential. The Travel & Tourism
Competitiveness Report 2016 ranked tourism in India 6th in terms of price
competitiveness and 39th in terms of safety and security. Despite short- and medium-
term setbacks, such as shortage of hotel rooms, tourism revenues are expected to surge by
42% from 2016 to 2017. India's 5,000 years of history, its length, breadth and the variety
of geographic features make its tourism basket large and varied. It presents heritage and
cultural tourism along with medical, business and sports tourism. India has a growing
medical tourism sector. The 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi are expected to
significantly boost tourism in India.

"Nowhere in the world is found, such a beauty, different and diversified climate, flora,
fauna, religions, and languages, dialects, dressing patterns, life style and rituals, like
India."

Tourism is one of the world's most booming industries, generating approximately $4

trillion annually world wide. Over 550 million international tourists, visit different parts
of the world every year in order to satiate their desire to know the world. It is generally
the middle class, with their limited resources has contributed a lot for this increase in
tourism turn over. When the world ears a lot through the tourism, the share of lndia is
nearly less than 0.5 percent, which gives an alarm for tapping the last potential available

Page | 12
in this business. Foreign exchange earnings from this industry for 1997.98 were overly
Rs. 11264 crore.

Though, recently the tourist traffic to India has increased by 16%, but there is still a
question why so few people opt to come to India, as compared to the either countries of
South East Asia. Barely three billion tourists arrive in India annually, while Malaysia and
Thailand are able to attract at least three times more than that of India.

India is called a tourist's paradise where not only the natural beauty but also glorious
historical places, monuments are existing. The splendor of TajMahal, ancient
architectural beauty of Ajanta, Ellora caves, the temples of Tamilnadu, the fort places of
Rajasthan, the flora and fauna of Kanyakumari, the Puri temple of , the hill stations of
Ooty, Darjeeling, Kodaikanal, Shimla, Manali, the show mountains of Himalayas, all are
such attraction for the tourists, rarely found in other country or continent to the world.

In spite of lndia, endowed with such beautiful spots, the tourist's are not coming India in
such multitude is a point to ponder. Though flow of tourists rose from 1.2 ion in 1981 to
3 million in 2003, yet the number is not as expected.

To promote tourism as a flourishing business the government has to initiate

proper measures to facilitate the tourists coming to India. Be it an Indian or a foreigner,
must be taken to see that the time spent by the tourists at a place must be enjoying,
comfort and they must cherish the sweet memories of the place, of the people. The
journey enjoyed by rail, bus, or by air must be comfortable. Tourists also like safe
destinations, cheap and comfortable accommodation and hygienic condition is and
restaurants. Separate windows be provided to cater the needs of the at all Railway/Bus/
Air platforms. We can see many foreign tourists here and there to know the lit-bit details
and found none to answer their except the tourist guide they are having with them, that
too, is from the foreign publishing house about a country renowned for hospitality, when
come across to tout! The fleeing Rickshaw pullers, the beggars and vagrants pacing up

Page | 13
and down the aisles in the rail coaches. The non-cooperative Railway/Bus clerks,
unwholesome food at catering comers at too much higher rate, all their presumptions
soon became sour and boon. They feel themselves surrounded by the cheats. The
incidents of rape, and sexual torture of the foreigners at the hands of miscreants, also
caused a fear among the visitors. Such a cases put a multifold adverse effects on all our
efforts to attract the tourists.

We can remove all such obstacles for promoting tourism, if the people, the government,
and all those involved in the tourism industry work together honestly and whole
heartedly. Everyone should realize that tourism not only helps us earn money and foreign
exchange but also generates employment, and thus enhance the living standard of the
people. It also promotes national integration, and international understanding and boosts
indigenous handicraft industry and local cultural activities.

Some of the agencies at central and state level assigned the task for promoting the
tourism in our country. The Department of Tourism, Indian Institute of Tourism and
Travel Management, National Council for Hotel Management and Catering Technology
and Indian Tourism Development Corporation Ltd, Indian Institute of Skiing and
Mountaineering, The National Institute of Water Sports are some of the institutes,
working in the field of tourism development at central level.

The Department of Tourism, under a separate ministry at Centre, formulates various

policies and programmes for the development of domestic as well as international
tourism. It is also responsible for implementation of all the policies and for the
development of required infrastructure and making necessary publicity.

It is an eye opening fact, that in-spite of various departments and a agencies engaged in
the promotion of tourism in India, we are just getting peanuts in terms revenue. Such a
small country like Singapore with population of just 35 lacs, attracts more than one crore
tourists each year. Cambodia's only attraction for tourists is Angkor Vat attracts as many

Page | 14
tourists as India. Several other countries having less attraction for tourists comparing to
India are earning much more. The facilities provided to the tourists the welcome extended
by the common people, the reasonable charges, and most important the safety and
tranquillity in the country are some of the factors responsible for the more or less inflow
of tourists in that country.

The Government has set up a task force on tourism and taken some important steps for its
promotion in India. The peace efforts, improving the relation with neighbouring countries
may have a positive effect in this direction. The government has allowed investment of
foreign equity up to 74% in infrastructure development Govt. is considering to setting up
hotels on joint venture basis is also a positive in the right direction. Recently the
government has sold some hotels to the private , parties, that will also boost the tourism
in India. Under the ninth plan the Central Government has taken up steps to develop
selected centres and circuits through effective coordination and cooperation of State
Governments and private agencies. The central plan outlay for the development of
tourism was Rs 225 crore during 2002-03, which was quite less comparing to other
developing countries. Though the advertisement budget has recently hiked by 60% to Rs
65 crores yet it is very less considering the amount of work needed to make the latest
slogan 'Incredible India'.Though Promotion of tourism avenues, can indeed help in the
generation of employment and earning foreign exchange, yet a cautious and restorable
approach needs to be taken, to avoid adverse effect on eco-balance of the forests and
natural resorts of the country: The government and private agencies should pay due
attention on preserving the ecological balance while promoting the tourism sector to earn
more revenue and let's not kill the very 'Hen' that lay's 'Golden Eggs'. We should also
coordinate and supervise the activities of governmental, semi governmental and private
agencies like hotels, travel agencies and tour operators. The various sub offices of the
department should maintain constant touch with tourist agencies and travel intermediaries
within the country and abroad. To attract the tourist the department of tourism along with

Page | 15
Air India arid other agencies should make joint promotional efforts in various countries
and continents through its various offices located abroad.

Since 1966, the ITDC has been engaged in developing necessary infrastructure for the
development of tourism avenue in India. ITDC is looking for constructing new hotels and
restaurants, lodges for tourists including marketing of hotels making available transport
facilities, distribution of publicity material for necessary advertisement ITDC also
provide necessary consultation and managerial services in India and abroad.

The Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management is an autonomous body

established to impart education in tourism and travel management to meet the demands of
professionally trained personnel for the Industry.

One of the most important segment of tourism industry is the Hotel Sector, which has
vast potential for employment generation and earning foreign exchange. The recently
announced Industrial Policy,has accorded priority to the Hotel Industry. Several tax
benefits are also given. A new classification of Heritage Hotels is introduced which
covers the functioning of hotels in historical Havelis, Castles, Forts and Residents, built
prior to 1950. These old structures where one finds the splendour yesteryears are
extremely popular with the tourists.Most of the State Governments have their own State
Tourism Development Corporations. These corporations initiate several attractive
schemes for the tourists, in a bid to promote tourism in the State. Rajasthan Tourism
Development Corporation offers attractive package for the conference organized by the
corporate sector, government department at selected tourist sports. Likewise the
government of M.P. Orissa. Karnataka and Chennai offer several schemes to attract and
promote the tourism in their respective states.

The terrorist activities in the Kashmir valley have had an adverse affect on the inflow of
tourists in India. The peace, tranquillity and safety are the foremost requirement for
regenerating more inflow of tourism in India.

Page | 16
 TOURISM IN UTTARAKHAND

Uttrakhand, the state of north India, is a tresure trove of tourist.The state of Uttarakhand
has a wide array of places of interest. Tourism essays an important role in Uttarakhand`s
economy. The industry of tourism in Uttarakhand has flourished with the various
adventure activities like trekking, rafting, skiing and so on. Thousands of pilgrimage
tourists come to Uttarakhand round the year to wander in the abode of Gods and discover
Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand tourism is the ideal place for tourists, pilgrims, trekkers and
adventurers and has activities in store for any age group. Tourism in Uttarakhand unfolds
the heavenly beauty of nature. The glaciers, the snow clad mountains, and valleys of
flowers help to boost the popularity of Uttarakhand as a coveted tourist destination.

Page | 17
Pilgrimage Tourism in Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand is a pilgrim`s paradise and an ideal place to visit for the peace lovers. The
amalgamation of Himalayan range, the green dale and the sanctimonious weather make
the land the dwelling place of Hindu God and Goddesses. There are numerous
mythological stories rooted in the land of Uttarakhand. The sacred rivers like Ganga and
Yamuna add to the veneration of this place. The major Hindu pilgrimage centers of
Uttarakhand are Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri and Yamunotri. Pilgrims from all over
the world has been visiting these places to attain salvation and purification. The
Kedarnath temple is one of the twelve jyotirlingas of Lord Shiva. Set on the backdrop of
the majestic Kedarnath range, this temple is flocked by thousands of devotees who come
here to seek blessings. The Badrinath temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is also a
much visited pilgrim destination. The temple attracts an ever growing number of spiritual
visitors each year. Gangotri, a municipality in Uttarakhand, is a holy Hindu pilgrim town.
It is one of the four sites in the Char Dham pilgrimage circuit. This pleasing pilgrimage in
the hinterlands of the Himalayas is the most blessed spot where Ganga, the stream of life,
touched earth for the first time. The prime attraction of Yamunotri is the temple dedicated
to goddess Yamuna. Special Puja is conducted in the temple on the eve of Diwali and
Janmashtami. Haridwar is one of the most revered pilgrimage places in Uttarakhand state
of India. The KumbhaMela in Haridwar is the largest religious fair and devotees are seen
taking a sacred dip in the divine waters of the Ganges and observing rites and rituals
during this fair. The sacred temples and the holy rivers contribute to the great religious
significance of the place.

Page | 18
Nature Tourism in Uttarakhand

Wild life is an integral part of Uttarakhand tourism. The Jim Corbett National park is a
major attraction of the nature tourists in Uttarakhand. It is the oldest park in India and one
of the renowned wild life sanctuaries of the country. There are over four hundred and
eighty eight species of flora and fauna in this National Park. The wild life here includes
tiger, nilgai, sambar deer, elephant, flying fox, Indian pangolin, wild boar and hedgehog.
It is one of the most protected areas of the country and draws numerous Indian and
foreign tourists every year. The Askot sanctuary is another place of tourist interest in
Uttarakhand. The area is affluent for its sal, oak and pine forest and abundant waterfalls.
The main attraction of Askot sanctuary are snow leopards, Himalayan Black Bears, Snow
cocks, Tahrs, Musk Deers, Chirs, Koklas, Pheasants and Chukors. The Bansar sanctuary
of Uttarakhand is one of the most scenic spots, with plenty of wild life. The surroundings
of the sanctuary abound in alpine ferns, hanging moss, flora and variety of wild flowers.
The Govind Wild Life Sanctuary in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand is a popular
tourist destination. The wide diversity of animal species that lives here comprises
Monals, Snow Leopards, Himalayan Black Bears, and Musk Deer. Glaciers are the most
interesting part of Uttarakhand tourism. Tourists from all over the world come here to
experience the delight. The glaciers of this state remain covered with snow all throughout
the year. Glaciers here are very well-liked with tourist. Some of these mighty glaciers are
considered sacred while some are visited just because of there absolute brilliance. Some
of the most popular glaciers of Uttarakhand state are BunderPuunch, Pindari, Milam and
Gangotri. However, other glaciers like Ralam, Dokhriani, Khatling, Sunderdhunga,
Doonagiri etc. are also fast becoming popular.

Page | 19
Leisure Tourism in Uttarakhand

Hill stations in Uttarakhand are major places of interest for the leisure tourists. The
majority part of the state is covered by the Himalayan Mountains and as a result there are
plenty hill stations which are ideal for the vacationers. Mussoorie, Auli, Nainital, Almora,
and Ranikhet are the most popular hill stations of the Uttarakhand state. Mussoorie is also
known as the `Queen of the Hills` and is located at the foot hills of the Himalaya. The
gun hill and the Kempty Fall of Mussoorie are the most visited destinations. The
beautiful city of Nainital is noteworthy for its scenic hills and this makes it one of the
most coveted hill stations of the country. Auli hill station of Uttarakhand is flanked by
oak and coniferous forests, which present a panoramic view of Himalayan Mountains.
Ranikhet hill station of the state is well-known for natural exquisiteness, ancient temples,
picnic sports, thrilling treks and India`s highest golf course. These hill stations provide
excellent respite to people who want relief from the hot sultry conditions of the plains.
The Valley of Flowers is a part of Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
World Heritage Site. The valley offers attractive setting, flora and fresh water streams.
Monuments of Uttarakhand are the most frequented destinations of India that play an
important role in the Indian tourism economy. The beautiful colonial structures which are
loaded with historical importance help to promote tourism in Uttarakhand. The Deogarh
Fort of Uttarakhand, built in the 16th century is a popular structure comprising quite a
few palaces, bedecked with frescoes and marvelous Jain temples. The churches and
mansions are some of the colonial trajectory of Uttarakhand. Some of the major colonial
monuments of Uttarakhand are St. John`s Church, Children`s Lodge at Mussoorie, and
Forest Research Institute of Dehradun.
Adventure Tourism in Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand is a paradise for the adventure tourists. White Water River Rafting, Auli
Skiing Package, Camping, Paragliding and DayaraBugyal are some of the most enjoyable
activities for the tourists visiting Uttarakhand. Auli hill station is well-known for its
skiing slopes hosting some of the national and international level skiing championships

Page | 20
every year. The slopes provide excellent opportunities for cross-country, slalom and
downhill skiing events. The trekking to nearby GursoBuygal will offer closer view of
Himalayan peaks like Nanda Devi, Trishul and Drongiri. The trekking path of
Ghangharia to Hemkund is a delight for the trekkers. The rivers of Uttarakhand invite
both the layperson as well as the die-hard professionals. One can choose for Canoeing,
Kayaking or Rafting, depending upon the nature of the water. White water river rafting is
a popular sport in Uttarakhand. The sport of White Water River rafting calls for a triumph
over the rapid swirling river as it gushes past imposing mountains. Paragliding is a type
of aero sport which is among the most trendy adventure sports in the state of
Uttarakhand. The unique topography Uttarakhand, with splendid Himalayas in the north
and plains of Tarai in the south, promises an cherished experience of paragliding over
thickly wooded, luxuriant green deep cut valleys, in the lap of the snow covered
Himalayan range.
Visiting information on Uttarakhand
How to reach Uttarakhand
There is excellent road and rail network in the state of Uttarakhand which makes it easily
available for tourists from all parts of the country as well as from outside.
By air: There is only one airport in the state of Uttarakhand which is the Jolly Grant
Airport in Dehradun. All public and private airlines run regular flights to Dehradun.
There is another airport in Pant Nagar, near Nainital, but only limited flights operate from
there.
By rail: The excellent rail network in Uttarakhand is indeed praiseworthy. The chief
Railway Stations in the state are Dehradun, Haridwar and Kathgodam. Many super-fast
express as well as local trains join these locations with cities in other parts of India.
By road: The wide ranging road network of Uttarakhand makes the state easily
accessible for the tourists. The state has an outstanding road connection with Delhi and
many other State Highways which provide the connection to tourist destinations and
important places like Corbett National Park, Haridwar and Rishikesh. Regular buses,
private, deluxe, state or otherwise are obtainable for journey to Uttarakhand.

Page | 21
 Pilgrimage Tourism in Uttarakhand

Kumbh Mela is a mass Hindu pilgrimage in which Hindus gather at the Ganges river.

The normal Kumbh Mela is celebrated every 3 years, the Ardh (half) Kumbh Mela is
celebrated every six years at Haridwar and Prayag, the Purna (complete) Kumbh takes
place every twelve years, at four places (Prayag (Allahabad), Haridwar, Ujjain, and
Nashik). The Maha (great) Kumbh Mela which comes after 12 'Purna Kumbh Melas', or
144 years, is held at Allahabad.

The last Ardh Kumbh Mela was held over a period of 45 days beginning in January
2016, more than 70 million Hindu pilgrims took part in the Ardh Kumbh Mela at Prayag,
and on January 15, the most auspicious day of the festival of Makar Sankranti, more than
5 million participated.

The previous Maha Kumbh Mela, held in 2001, was attended by around 60 million
people, making it at the time the largest gathering anywhere in the world in recorded
history.

Timing

Kumbh Mela is celebrated at different locations depending on the position of the planet
of Bṛhaspati (Jupiter) and the sun. When Jupiter and the sun are in the zodiac sign Leo
(Singh Rashi) it is held in Trimbakeshwar, Nashik; when the sun is in Aries (Mesha
Rashi) it is celebrated at Haridwar; when Jupiter is in Taurus (Vrishabha Rashi ) and the
sun is in Capricorn (Makar Rashi) Kumbha Mela is celebrated at Prayag; and Jupiter and
the sun are in Scorpio (Vrishchik Rashi) the Mela is celebrated at Ujjain. Each site's
celebration dates are calculated in advance according to a special combination of zodiacal
positions of Sun, Moon, and Jupiter.

Page | 22
Etymology

Kumbha is a Sanskrit word for Pitcher (actually a roundish pot with no handles),
sometimes referred to as the Kalasha. It is also a zodiac sign in Indian astrology for
Aquarius, the sign under which the festival is celebrated, while Mela means 'a gathering'
or 'a meet', or simply a fair.

History

Kurma Avatar of Vishnu, below Mount Mandara, with Vasuki wrapped around it, during
Samudra manthan, the churning of the ocean of milk. ca 1870 painting.

Kumbh Mela at Haridwar, 1850s

The first written evidence of the Kumbha Mela can be found in the accounts of Chinese
traveler, Huan Tsang or Xuanzang (602 - 664 A.D.) who visited India in 629 -645 CE,
during the reign of King Harshavardhana. However, the observance dates back many
centuries to ancient India's Vedic period, where the river festivals first started

Page | 23
getting organised. In Hindu mythology, its origin is found in one of the popular creation
myths, the Samudra manthan episode (Churning of the ocean of milk), mentioned in the
Bhagavata Purana, Vishnu Purana, the Mahabharata, and the Ramayana.

The account goes that the Gods had lost their strength, and to regain it, they thought of
churning the Ksheera Sagara (primordial ocean of milk) for amrita (the nectar of
immortality). This required them to make a temporary agreement with their arch enemies,
the demons or Asuras, to work together with a promise of sharing the nectar equally
thereafter. However, when the Kumbha (urn) containing the amrita appeared, a fight
ensued. For twelve days and twelve nights (equivalent to twelve human years) the gods
and demons fought in the sky for the pot of amrita. It is believed that during the battle,
Lord Vishnu flew away with the Kumbha of elixir spilling drops of amrita at four places:
Prayag, Haridwar, Ujjain and Nashik..

The 1998 Kumbh Mela saw over 10 million pilgrims visiting Hardwar, to take a dip in
the holy Ganges river. In 2001, around 1 million people from outside of India and from
around the world participated in the Maha Kumbh Mela at Prayag (Allahabad), with a
total participation of approximately 60 million. This mela was unusually significant due
to the planetary positions at the time, a pattern that repeats only once every 144 years.

The Ritual

Naga Sadhu procession 1998 Kumbh Mela

Page | 24
The major event of the festival is ritual bathing at the banks of the river in whichever
town it is being held. Nasik has registered maximum visitors amounted nearly to 75
million. Other activities include religious discussions, devotional singing, mass feeding
of holy men and women and the poor, and religious assemblies where doctrines are
debated and standardized. Kumbh Mela is the most sacred of all the pilgrimages.
Thousands of holy men and women attend, and the auspiciousness of the festival is in
part attributable to this. The sadhus are seen clad in saffron sheets with ashes and powder
dabbed on their skin per the requirements of ancient traditions. Some, called naga
sanyasis, may not wear any clothes even in severe winter.

Recent Kumbh Melas

2001

In 2001, Kumbh Mela was held in Allahabad. It is estimated that about 60 million people
took a bath in the river Ganges on the occasion.

2003

When the Kumbh Mela was held in Nashik, India, from July 27 to September 7, 2003, 39
pilgrims (28 women and 11 men) were trampled to death and 57 were injured. Devotees
had gathered on the banks of the Godavari river for the maha snaan or holy bath. Over
30,000 pilgrims were being held back by barricades in a narrow street leading to the
Ramkund, a holy spot, so the sadhus could take the first ceremonial bath. Reportedly, a
sadhu threw some silver coins into the crowd and the subsequent scramble led to the
stampede.

2016

More than 30 million people visited Ardh Kumbh Mela at Prayag (also known as
Allahabad).

Page | 25
2010

Haridwar hosted the Purna Kumbha mela from Makar Sankranti (14 January 2010) to
Shakh Purnima Snan (28 April 2010). Millions of Hindu pilgrims attended the mela. On
April 14, 2010, alone approximately 10 million people bathed in the Ganges river.
According to officials by mid April about 40 million people had bathed since January 14,
2010. Hundreds of foreigners joined Indian pilgrims in the festival which is thought to be
the largest religious gathering in the world. To accommodate the large number of
pilgrims Indian Railways ran special trains. At least 5 people died in a stampede after
clashes between holy men and devotees.

Indian Space Research Organisation took satellite pictures of the crowds with the hope of
improving the conduct of the festival in the future.

Char Dham Yatra

According to the Hindu scriptures, the holy centres of Gangotri, Yamunotri, Badrinath
and Kedarnath - collectively called the Char Dham (meaning the four sacred spots) - are
the most sacred of all the pilgrimages. Undertaking a journey to these places will not just
wash away one's sins but ensure release from the cycle of birth and death. The honour
conferred on these places is not surprising.

For one, they are all in the icy Garhwal ranges and regarded as the most sacred of all
Himalayan ranges. It is also said that heaven and earth converge in these holy spots, and
to be born or die here is a boon only the very fortunate have. The Chardham must be
visited from left to right -beginning with Yamunotri, going on to Gangotri, Kedarnath
and culminating the journey at Badrinath. This route follows the Hindu tradition of
parikrama or clockwise circumambulation.

Page | 26
BADRINATH
Badrinath Temple is one of the holiest Hindu shrines in India. It is situated in the hill
town of Badrinath in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand state. Along the river
Alaknanda, the temple is essentially a Lord Vishnu shrine. Also known by the names
Badri Vishal and Badrinarayan, it is one of the Char Dham sites and the one amongst 108
Divya Desams. This has contributed to the fact that Badrinath is vital with reference to
travel and tourism.

The gates of the temple are open only for a period of six months, due to extreme weather
conditions in Himalayas. There are a number of hot water pools here namely Tapt Kund,
Narad Kund etc. These pools are filled with hot steaming water in the winter months also
and are considered to posses medicinal properties. Many people even perform the last
rites of the departed souls at Brahm Kapal.

It is a flat platform on the banks of river Alaknanda. Sheshnetra and Chandrapaduka are
other rock boulders present along the river, which are believed to have footprints of
Shesh Nag and Lord Vishnu. Another important temple here is the Mata Murti Temple.
These temples are also considered as evidences of the rich historical past of Badrinath.

Page | 27
Referring the mythological facts, it is believed that Lord Vishnu was practicing penance
at this place.

In order to save him from the harmful rays of the sun, his divine consort Lakshmi took
the form of a Badri plant and provided shade to him. Pleased by her fervor and devotion,
the Lord told her that this place would be famous by her name. Hence, it came to be
known as Badrinath. Splashed by Alaknanda, the divine site serves as an ideal location to
experience the eternal bliss associated with spirituality.

KEDARNATH
Kedarnath is a sacred town situated in the state of Uttarakhand of India. It can even be
called as one of the remotest Char Dham sites as it is located amidst the snow-capped
mountains of Himalayas, near the river Mandakini. Nestled in the Rudraprayag district,
the main attractions here is the Kedarnath Temple, which is a popular Hindu shrine and
pilgrimage, attracting devotees from all over the world. The travel and tourism scope here
is strengthened by factors like natural beauty and religious zest.

The Kedarnath Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is deemed to have been built by
Adi Sankaracharya. The glory of the temple can be attributed to the fact that it is one of
the twelve jyotirlingas (Lord Shiva shrines), present in the country. The temple remains
open only for a period of six months, due to heavy snowfall in the winter months. Testing
the fervor and dedication of the pilgrims, the temple is not directly reachable by road.

The only way being, a 14 km trek path from Gaurikund. The present temple stands
adjacent to the initial temple built by the Pandavas. According to historical data,
Pandavas after winning the battle of Mahabharata, felt guilty of killing their own
brothers. They came here in search of Lord Shiva, who kept hiding himself. Finally
Bhima, the strongest Pandava brother recognized him. Lord Shiva, who was disguised as
a bull, escaped leaving behind his hind part.

Page | 28
This led to the construction of the temple here. The present Kedarnath Temple has been
built by huge slabs of gray stones, standing undeterred with all its glory and majesty. The
divine peace and tranquility of the place leaves the devotees completely mesmerized. The
haunting environment and secluded surroundings compel all the visitors to feel the inner
connection with the Almighty. Thus, Kedarnath is considered a must visit place amongst
pilgrims, before leaving this world.

GANGOTRI
One of the four sites amongst the holiest places, Char Dham in India, is Gangotri. This
sacred city is located in the northern part of the state of Uttarakhand. It is known as the
source of River Ganges and also the seat of Goddess Ganga. Ducked amidst the
sprawling Garhwal hills, Gangotri is an ideal location for all those who wish to take a dip
into the oceans of divinity, as well as those have a thirst for adventure. This makes
Gangotri an ideal spot in terms of travel and tourism.

Gangotri also has a strong historical past and bears the eternal feel of antiquity.
According to mythological records, King Bhagirath did penance here, after which, as per
Lord Shiva's wishes, River Ganges came down on earth. However, to save the earth from
the fierce force of the river, Lord Shiva held her in his locks. Thus, river Ganges is also
known as Bhagirathi here. Moreover, it is also believed that Pandavas came down to this
place to perform Deva Yajna.

As a result, Gangotri is a significant place from religion point of view. Hundreds of

devotees throng the place every year in order to unleash the secrets of spirituality. Some
of the main attractions of Gangotri include Gangotri Temple, which was built by Gurkha
monarch Amar Singh Thapa, around 3000 years back. Another pilgrim site here is
Jalamagna Shivalinga, which is a natural rock Shivalinga submerged in the river.

Page | 29
It is deemed to be the place where Lord Shiva held Ganga in his locks. This Shivalinga is
only visible in winter months. Other worth visiting places in the vicinity are Gaumukh
(source of Ganges), Gaumukh Glacier and Nandanvan. Drifting towards the adventurous
aspect of Gangotri, it offers a number of sports for fun lovers such as river rafting,
trekking etc. Thus, to enjoy the natural beauty and religious fervor at its best, Gangotri is
a must visit place for all.

YAMUNOTRI
Perched amidst sprawling Garhwal Hills, Yamunotri is another revered pilgrim spots in
the state of Uttarakhand. It is one of the Char Dham in India and holds great religious
importance. Yamunotri is the source of sacred river Yamuna and also the abode of
goddess Yamuna. It is famous for its thermal springs, glaciers and scenic locales. In
effect, it is one of the must visit places from travel and tourism point of view.

According to Hindu mythology, this hilly spot was once the abode of an ancient sage by
the name, Asit Muni. Owing to its legendary significance, thousands of devotees visit this
silent yet hustling-bustling pilgrimage place. There are a many worth visiting places here,
one of the most important being the Yamunotri temple. This temple was built by
Maharani Gularia of Jaipur in the 19th century. The shrine is dedicated to goddess
Yamuna.

She resides here in the form of a silver idol adorned with garlands. It is believed that a
holy dip in the sacred water of river Yamunotri here relieves everyone from a painful
death. This is because she is the sister of Yama, the God of Death. As a result, pilgrims
visit the place in order to seek the blessings of Yamuna and save themselves from the
agony of death. Apart from this there is Surya Kund which is known for its thermal
springs.

Page | 30
The temperature of the water here is approximately 190 degree Fahrenheit. Also, there
are a number of hot water pools here, which are used to cook rice and potato as Prasad
(holy offerings to God). Divya Shilla is a rock pillar here, which is worshipped by the
devotees before entering the Yamunotri temple. Other tourist places near Yamunatri are
Janaki Chatti, Hanuman Chatti and Saptrishi Kund.

HARIDWAR

Haridwar meaning ‘Gateway to God’ is one of the seven holiest places of the Hindus. It
is the place where river Ganga descends to the plains. The district as formed in 1988 as
part of Saharanpur Divisional Commissionary and in 2000 was included in the state of
Uttarakhand.

Page | 31
Haridwar isone of the four places where drops of Amrit or nectar fell from the pitcher
which was being carried by Garuda, the heavenly bird and the spot is known as Brahma
Kund or Har-ki-Pauri. Har-ki-Pauri is the most holy place in Haridwar where thousands
of devotees take a dip. It is believed that Prince Bhagirath served self-punishment here to
rescue the souls of his ancestors who had died due to the curse of Kapil Muni. His
prayers were answered and Ganga flowed from the locks of Lord Shiva and revived the
sons of King Sagara. Therefore, according to the Hindus salvation of the ancestors can be
reached by standing on the holy waters at Har-ki-pauri.

At twilight, when evening aarti is performed the reflection of the golden diyas that keep
floating on the river offers an enchanting view of the ghat to the visitors. The Chandi
Devi temple built by Suchat Singh is located on the top of a Neel Parvat on the banks of
river Ganga. The Maya Devi temple is located at a place where it is said that the heart
and navel of Goddess Sati fell. This is an ancient temple of Maya Devi the Adhishtkatri
deity of Haridwar. It is also famous as one of the Siddhapeethas. Another important
temple is the Mansa Devi temple is located atop Bilwa Parwat and is dedicated to
Goddess Mansa Devi. Festivals like the Kavad Mela, Somvati Amavasya Mela, Ganga
Dashara, Gughal Mela are celebrated with lots of pomp and gaiety.

The city of Haridwar is an ancient city of India, mentioned in several Upanishads and
Puranas with different names such as Gangadwara, Mayapuri and Kapilasthana. The
city’s name literally meaning the ‘Doorway of / to Gods’, is equally important to both
Shaivites (Shiva followers) and Vaishnavites (Vishnu followers). Hence it is known as
both Hardwar and Haridwar. Every six years the Ardh Kumbh Mela is celebrated here
with great fervor here.

In Ancient Literature
Haridwar has been mentioned in the Mahabharata, in the Vanaparva chapter, where Sage
Dhaumya tells Yudhisthira about the ‘Tirthas’ (pilgrimages) of India, including
Haridwar. The next mention is in the fable of famed King Bhagiratha, who brought
Page | 32
Ganga down to purify the souls of his 60,000 ancestors in the Satya Yuga. After this, the
first dates in regular history come to 322-185 BC, when Haridwar came under Maurya
Empire and then Kushana Empire continuously.

In Middle Ages
Well-known Chinese traveler Huan Tsang mentions Haridwar as ‘Mo Yu Lo’ in his
travel chronicles dated 629 AD. Next came Timur Lang, the Turkish invader, on 13th
January 1399 and invaded the city. Haridwar is also talked about in the 16th century
‘Ain-e-Akbari’ (written during Akbar’s reign) as Mayapuri. The first written evidence of
the name Haridwara comes by Thomas Coryant, during Jahangir’s reign.

In Modern Times
After the Britishers arrival in the 1800s, two major dams were created, notably the
Bhimgoda Dam in 1840. In 1868, the 'Haridwar Union Municipality' was constituted
including the then villages of Mayapur and Kankhal. The first railway track in Haridwar
was laid down in 1886, which extended to Dehradun by 1900. The first example of
contemporary civilization is the industrial unit of BHEL (Bharat Heavy Electricals
Limited), also know as a ‘Navratna PSU’. Earlier in the state of Uttar Pradesh, it is now
the pride of the newly formed Uttarakhand since November 2000 onwards.

People visit Haridwar to forget all their worldly desires, anxieties and ‘unholy’ things
connected with their lives. Haridwar has the ‘Panch Teerth’ mentioned in the Puranas
located within the district mainly known as Gangadwara (Har-ki-Pauri), Kushwart Ghat,
Kankhal, Bilwa Teerth (Mansa Devi) and Neel Parvat (Chandi Devi). Read the list ahead
to know more about the attractions in Haridwar.

Har Ki Pauri

Page | 33
This sacrosanct ghat was supposedly raised by King Vikramaditya of Ujjain in
reminiscence of his beloved brother Bhartrihari, who has his last meditation ground here.
It is called the most sacred ghat in entire Haridwar and just few drops of water are
enough for one to wash away the sins of his seven lifetimes. A spectacular evening Aarti
is performed here which is attended by millions of people.

Chandi Devi
Chandi Devi temple or Neel Parvat is another holy place which was given its present
constructed in 1929 by Kashmiri King Suchat Singh. It is allegedly the place where
Goddess Chandi killed demons Shumbh- Nishumbha to restore peace in the area. One can
either trek for three kms from Chandi Ghat or take a Ropeway car to reach there.

Mansa Devi Temple

The peak of Bilwa Parbat or Bilwa Hill houses the holy Mansa Devi temple. It is
generally believed that any ‘wish’ wished by a devotee with a pure and true heart,
Goddess Mansa fulfills it. Its altitude gives a stunning view of the nearby areas.

Daksha Mahadev Temple

The primeval Daksha Mahadev Temple, located in South Kankhal, is apparently the place
where Goddess Sati burnt herself to death when her father King Daksha insulted her
husband Lord Shiva. It’s worth a see since one can actually see ‘that’ Havan Kund.

Bhimgoda Tank
The Bhimgoda Tank was purportedly made by Bhim of the Pandavas with the knock of
his knee. It is located just one kms from Har Ki Pauri.

Piran Kalier

Page | 34
Located approximately 23 km towards the south of Haridwar, on the outskirts of Roorkee
town, Piran Kalier is a place that every tourist in Haridwar must visit. It is actually the
'dargah' of Hazrat Makhdum Allauddin Ali Ahamed 'Sabir'. This place is famous for its
sacred aura and mystical powers. It is visited with due regard by Hindus and Muslims
alike. During the Rabeeull month of the Islamic calendar, Urs, a colorful festival, is
celebrated here from the first day of sighting the moon to the sixteenth day.

Deoprayag
Approximately 95 km from Haridwar, Deoprayag is the confluence point of Alaknanda
and Bhagirathi rivers, through the vast network of tributaries, to form Ganges. It is only
from Deoprayag that the sacred river starts being called Ganga. At a height of 2700 feet
above sea level, it is a sacred pilgrimage centre and is considered the second most divine
confluence centre in India, next only to Prayag. One of the famous temples here is the
Raghunath Temple, which is considered as one of the 108 most important temples in
India.

Sapt Rishi Ashram

Located approximately 5 km from Har-ki-pauri, along the Haridwar-Rishikesh road, is
the Sapt-Rishi Ashram. According to Hindu Mythology, Sapt Rishi Ashram is regarded
as the place where the seven great sages, or Sapt-Rishis, Kashyap, Vashisht, Atri,
Vishwamitra, Jamadagni, Bharadwaja and Gautam meditated. It is said that the Ganges
split herself into seven streams, here only, so that the sages would not be disturbed by her
flow. Thus, this place is also known as the Sapt Sarovar or Saptrishi Kund. The streams
reunite further and flow as a beautiful channel called Neel Dhara while entering
Haridwar.

Page | 35
Chila
Approximately 10 km from Haridwar, Chila is known for housing the famous Rajaji
National Park. This is a popular destination for all the nature and adventure lovers. The
immaculate scenic beauty and varied biodiversity of this park has been a major attraction
for wildlife lovers from all over the world, since its inception.

Activities to Do in Haridwar

Pilgrimage
Haridwar is a holy city of India, where people come from all across the globe, to take a
dip in the holy waters of the Ganges (at Har ki Paudi) and get rid of their sins. Apart from
that, the city is also home to the famous Mansa Devi Temple, situated atop the Bilwa
Parvat, which is dedicated to Goddess Mansa, the wife of Nag Vasuki and the brainchild
of Saint Kashyap. Then, there is the Chandi Devi Temple, considered to be one of the
Shaktipeeths of North India. In Haridwar, pilgrims also make sure to pay obeisance at
Daksha Mahadev Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva.

Yoga & Meditation

Apart from pilgrimage purposes, there is one another reason why people flock to
Haridwar and that is yoga and meditation. There are a number of ashrams in the city,
where qualified gurus take classes in yoga and meditation. People come here from the
various parts of the world, to learn yoga and lead a healthy and spiritual life. Many of
them move towards Rishikesh as well, after staying in Haridwar, to deepen their
knowledge of yoga and meditation, by staying in the renowned ashrams located at the
Himalayan foothills.

Page | 36
Nature Tourism in Uttarakhand

Kausani
Kausani is a celebrated site for its panoramic exquisiteness and views of enchanting
Himalayas. Nature has bestowed Kausani with its beauty to make it a destination par-
excellence level. Mahatma Gandhi was also driven by the beauteousness of Kausani.
Originally known as Valna, Kausani is a famous hill resort in Uttarakhand providing an
excellent view of the 350km stretch of the Himalayas on a clear sky. The peaks like
Nanda Devi, Trishul, and Panchachuli are distinctly visible from Kausani. The
invigorating and captivating views of the majestic Himalayan peaks can be seen from
Kausani. The view of the greater Himalayas from Kausani kindles hope even in the
greatest pessimist with depressed feelings. Kausani is an ideal place for honeymooners
and it acts as a weekend destination. The climate of Kausani is salubrious and it offers
hygienic environment. Kausani can be visited any time of the year. If you want to see the
greenery of Uttarakhand then visit Kausani from July to Mid September. Kausani is
covered with the sheets of snow from December to Mid February.

Mahatma Gandhi, during his stay at Kausani, penned his memorable commentary on the
'Gita-Anashakti Yoga' inspired by the scenic grandeur of this richly gifted spot. Mahatma
Gandhi was so much impresses that he started calling it “Switzerland of India”. The
guesthouse where Mahatma Gandhi stayed is now known as the Anashakti Ashram.
Famous Hindi poet Sumitra Nandan Pant was born at Kausani. Some of her early poems
composed here have described the nature in its manifestations. Kausani is ideal spot for
those who seek an escape from the hustle-bustle of big cities and wish to spend a quiet
holiday in the lap of Nature. Kausani is located 47kms north of
Almora in Bageshwar district of the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand.

Page | 37
Mukteshwar

Mukteshwar is a pleasing destination situated at an elevation of 2,285mts above sea level

in Nainital district of Uttarakhand state. Mukteshwar got its name from a 350year old
temple Mukteshwer Dham whose residing deity is Lord Shiva. The top of the mountain
on which Mukteshwar Temple is stood affords astounding views of the imposing
Himalayan range. Mukteshwar was developed by the Britishers as research and education
institute (IVRI) in 1893. Perched atop a hill in a remote corner of Kumaon hills,
Mukteshwar is bounded by fruit orchards and coniferous forests.

Mukteshwar affords distinctly visible 180 degree views of the majestic Himalayan range.
The beauty of Mukteshwar is unpolluted and unaffected till date and accommodation
options are growing here. It is believed that Lord Shiva killed a demon at this spot and he
granted him salvation or mukti. The unspoiled beauty of Mukteshwar has a lot to offer.
Wake up with the chirping of birds and sun rays kissing the cliffs and enjoy short treks in
the woods. Jim Corbett, the world renowned hunter and nature lover came to shoot a tiger
here and fell in love with its natural beauteousness. Nanda Devi, Nanda Kot,
Nandaghunti, Trishul and Panchachuli are the major peaks visible from Mukteshwar. One
one side Mukteshwar is covered by dense forest and on the other side it offers splendid
view of the enchanting valley and the Himalayas.

Page | 38
Leisure
Tourism in

Uttarakhand

Nanital
Nainital, also known as the Lake District of Uttarakhand, is an absolutely beautiful and
Page | 39
tranquil hill station situated amongst the seven hills. It is one of the most popular hill
stations in North India.
Nainital is situated at an average altitude of 1,938 m. The town is situated all around the
beautiful Naini Lake, which is said to be the result of Goddess Durga’s fallen charred eye
resulting in a lake. The place has been mentioned many a time in ancient Indian texts
such as the Manas Khand of the Skand Purana.

Nainital was rediscovered by the British in 1814-16 after the Anglo-Nepalese war in
Kumaon. The present structure of the town has reminisces from the British era. There are
a number of scenic places in and around Nainital for sightseeing like Naukuchiya Tal,
Mukteshwar, Sat Tal, Naini Lake, Mall Road, Hanuman Garhi, Astronomical
Observatory etc.
Nainital is also famous for the British made residential schools which dot the entire
Nainital scene. Some of these are the Sherwood College (the institution has Amitabh
Bacchhan, a renowned Bollywood actor as its alumni), St. Mary's Convent High School,
St Joseph’s College and Sainik School in Ghorakhal.

Tourist Attractions
Nainital is a pleasant and delightful little hill station located in Kumaon foothills. It is
particularly know for its pristine natural beauty and famous as the location of one of the
48 Durga Shakti Peeth.

Bhimtal
Bhimtal is a small town situated in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand. It is named after
Bhim, one of the five Pandavas mentioned in the Hindu-epic Mahabharata.

Bhowali
Bhowali is a small hill station that falls under the Nainital district of Uttarakahnd. It is
located on the main Haldwani-Almora-Ranikhet road, at an altitude of 1706 meters.

Page | 40
Place to See Near Nainital
Nainital is a beautiful place with even more beautiful treasures hidden away behind the
veil of tranquil nature. There are lot of excursions near Nainital which can be fun as well
as enriching for both children and adults.

Ghorakhal
Ghorakhal is a small place, perched at an altitude of 2000 meters above the sea level. It
falls under Nainital district of Uttarakhand, approximately 36 km from Kathgodam
Station and 4 km from Bhowali.
Hanuman Garhi
Hanuman Garhi, a famous Hindu temple of Lord Hanuman, is situated to the south of
Tallital, approximately 3.5 km away from the Nainital bus stop. The temple is perched at
an altitude of 6,401 feet from the sea level.

History
Nainital is one of the most beautiful places in Uttarakhand. It finds mention in several
ancient texts such as ‘Manas Khand’ of Skandapurana.Then there is legend of Ma Sati’s
charred eye falling here to form the Naini Lake

How to Reach
The city of Nainital is located in the Kumaon foothills of the outer Himalayas in the state
of Uttarakhand. The picturesque hill station of Nainital is marked by lush greenery and
imposing mountains.

Things to Do in Nainital
Nainital, located at the Kumaon foothills of Uttarakhand, has been luring tourists with its
immaculate beauty since ages. Surrounded by three towering peaks, Naina Peak, Tiffin
Top and Snow View, this quaint little hill resort promises to take you miles away from

Page | 41
the hubbub of city life and enjoy some time in peace and solitude.

Naina Devi Temple

Naina Devi is considered to be one of the most revered Hindu temples in India. It is
situated on the northern shore of Naini Lake, in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand.

Naini Lake
Naini Lake is a natural freshwater lake, of tectonic origin, located amidst Nainital city of
Uttarakhand. It is lunar-shaped and has an outlet at the southeastern end.

Naukuchiatal
Naukuchiatal is, perhaps, the most beautiful of all the lakes in Uttarakhand. A unique
nine-cornered lake, it is situated 24 km away from Nainital, in the foothills of Kumaon, at
an altitude of 1,219 meters.

Ramgarh
Ramgarh is a small hill station located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand. It is sited at
an altitude of 1,789 meters, around the Himalayan foothills.

Sat Tal
Sat Tal is one of the major tourist attractions, situated in the Nainital district of
Uttarakhand. The term Sat Tal, in Hindi, means “seven lakes”. The place is so called
because it is an interconnected group of seven freshwater lakes

Shopping
Nainital is flushed with choices on what to buy having exclusively the ‘made-in-Nainital’
stamp. There is an assortment of alternatives for shopping in Nainital.

Snow View

Page | 42
Snow View is one of the most popular tourist attractions of Naintal. It is situated on top
of Sherkhanda ridge, at an altitude of 7,448 feet (2,270 meters) above sea level.

Weather
The weather of Nainital is largely influenced by the Himalayan terrain it is surrounded
with. Nainital has a pleasant to nippy weather in approximately all the months except that
of January to mid March since at that time it snows there.

Page | 43
Haldwani
Haldwani is a town located in the district of Nainital within Kumaon region of
Uttarakhand state in India. Haldwani, which is one of the biggest commercial centers of
the state, is considered to be the gateway to Kumaon Himalayas.

Kathgodam
Kathgodam is an important town of Nainital district within the hill state of Uttarakhand.
It serves as the nearest railhead to hill station of Nainital and is an important center for
trade and commerce in itself.

Things to Do in Nainital
Nainital, located at the Kumaon foothills of Uttarakhand, has been luring tourists with its
immaculate beauty since ages. Surrounded by three towering peaks, Naina Peak, Tiffin
Top and Snow View, this quaint little hill resort promises to take you miles away from
the hubbub of city life and enjoy some time in peace and solitude. In case you are one of
those who want to indulge in adventure, then also Nainital will not disappoint you. It
offers plethora of adventure sports options, for those who want an adrenaline rush.

Page | 44
Mussoorie
Mussoorie is one of the most beautiful hill stations not only in Uttarakhand, but the whole
of India. It is named after Mansoor, a shrub which is indigenous to this area. Popularly
known as the 'Queen of hills' in India, the place seems like a 'virtual paradise' on earth.
Lush green forests and lofty mountains adorn the scenic town. With a panoramic view of
snow-capped mountain ranges in the north-east, and sparkling views of the Doon Valley
and Shivalik ranges in the south, the hill resort offers its visitors real scenic delights.

Mussoorie was discovered in 1827, by Captain Young, an adventurous British military

officer, along with Mr. Shore, the resident Superintendent of Revenues at Dehradun.
They were captivated by this extraordinarily beautiful place and jointly constructed a
shooting ridge here. Today, Mussoorie has become one of the most popular tourist
destinations in India. The salubrious weather of the town is a pleasant change from the
heat, humidity and dust of the plains. Mussoorie also acts as the gateway to the holy
shrines of “Gangotri” and “Yamunotri”.

With cascading waterfalls, lush green forests, mystic Himalayas, grassy slopes and awe-
inspiring valleys, Mussoorie offers its visitor the real experience of being in the lap of
nature. The city's raw and unhampered beauty has a majestic aura about it. It seems as if
nature has blessed this city with everything required for becoming a visitor's paradise. A
summer tour to Mussoorie will indeed be an enchanting experience for any tourist.

The tourism sector of Mussoorie is well developed. Food, lodging and transportation are
available in accordance with all kinds of budgets. The city also offers tourists spots for all
kinds of tourists. From Children's lodge to ancient temples and parks to vantage points,
Mussoorie has it all. Other than the local market and attractions, you can also look around
Mussoorie for some wonderful excursions, like Chamba and Kanatal.

Page | 45
Mussoorie Tourist Attractions
Popularly known as the ‘Queen of Hills’ in India, Mussoorie is a hill station in
Uttarakhand, situated at an altitude of approximately 2,000 meters above the sea-level.
With its pleasant weather and attractive flora and fauna; it is one of the most visited hill
resort in India. Mussoorie is named so because of ‘mansoor’, a shrub indigenous to this
area.

Places to See Near Mussoorie

Mussoorie is, in itself, an extremely beautiful town. Adding to its charm are exhilarating
surrounds and beautiful excursions. In the radius of 25 km around the hill resort,
everything seems to have been beautifully carved and skillfully finished. In fact, the
enchanting surroundings of Mussoorie add to its beauty and also increase its tourism
prospects.

Mussoorie Weather
Mussoorie is known for its healthy and pleasant weather. This attractive hill station has
always been tourists most favored destination away from the heat of the plains. Situated
at an altitude of approximately 7,000 feet above the sea level, it abounds in natural beauty
and scenic splendor.

Shopping
Mussoorie, also called the 'Queen of Hill stations' in India, is one of the most visited hill
stations and has thus developed accordingly. Mussoorie has a well stocked market place
where you can shop around for just about anything you need.

Page | 46
Places to See Near Mussoorie
Mussoorie is, in itself, an extremely beautiful town. Adding to its charm are exhilarating
surrounds and beautiful excursions. In the radius of 25 km around the hill resort,
everything seems to have been beautifully carved and skillfully finished. In fact, the
enchanting surroundings of Mussoorie add to its beauty and also increase its tourism
prospects. In the following lines, we have listed some of the most famous excursions
around Mussoorie, a hill resort in Uttarakhand.

Kempty Falls
Kempty Falls, 15 Km from Mussoorie, make up an extremely beautiful waterfall,
enveloped between Garhwal mountain ranges. Situated at an altitude of 4500 feet, the
falls present an overwhelming view of the surrounding vista. As you look at them, it feels
as if they are doing a kind of somersault before they hit the ground. This is a perfect
picnic spot for all the nature lovers.

Kanatal
Kanatal is one of the most beautiful hamlets near Mussoorie. Located on the Mussoorie-
Chamba road, in the district of Tehri Garhwal, it is the perfect destination for those who
love to have a rendezvous with the unspoiled and untamed nature.

Chamba
Chamba is small hill town, about 67 Km from Mussoorie, located in Tehri district of
Uttarakhand. It is situated at an altitude of 1676 m. It is an unexplored, unscathed, serene
destination, approximately 60 km from Mussoorie. It is an excellent place to relax, amidst
the beautiful hills and snow-clad mountains. This place offers several scenic vistas of the
snow clad ranges of the Himalayas and the beautiful views of river Bhagirathi. The place
is famous for its beautiful orchards as well.

Page | 47
Jharipani Falls

Jharipani, located at a distance of 6 Km downhill from Mussoorie is connected through

motorable road with Mussoorie. A road leading down from famous St. George's School
of Mussoorie will take you to Jharipani Main Market. From here, the falls are about 30
minutes walk. This is an ideal spot for picnicking.

Nagga Tibba
Nagga Tibba is a peak situated around 55 km from Mussoorie. Towering at a height of
around 10,000 feet, it is credited with being the highest peak around the hill resort.
Covered by thick forests, it is the perfect spot for trekking, open for trekkers all around
the year. Nagga Tibba provides magnificent scenic vistas of Garhwali villages, dense
forests and the Himalayan ranges.

Lal Tibba
One of the most beautiful excursions around Mussoorie, Lal Tibba is the place where you
get to sense the British origin of this hill station. From this point, you can see the
mountain ranges of Badrinath, Kedarnath and Banderpunch, through the Japanese
telescope installed here in 1967.

Dhanaulti
Unspoilt, unscathed, unexplored forests of Dhanaulti are a great relief from the polluted
and overcrowded cities. It is a beautiful place, about 30 km from Mussoorie, with vast
green meadows, pasture lands and dense deodar, pine and oak trees. In Dhanaulti , there
are beautiful orchards and natural streams appearing from here and there. This area
provides magnificent views of snow-clad mountains as well. In short, it is the perfect
destination for those who love to be in the vicinity of nature.

Page | 48
Surkhanda Devi
Surkhanda Devi is an ancient temple near Dhanaulti , located at an altitude 10,000 feet.
This temple is dedicated to Shankar's consort - Sati and has to be reached through 2 km
long trek. Mythologies say that Lord Shiva brought Sati's dead body, on his trishul, to
Surkhanda Devi, from Haridwar. The top of this temple provides an awe-inspiring, 360
degree view of the area.

Lakha Mandal
Lakha Mandal is an ancient temple situated at the heart of Lakha Mandal village, in
Dehradun District. It is situated at a distance of 75 km from Mussoorie. The presiding
deities of this temple are Shakti, the Goddess of Power, and Lord Shiva, the God of
Destruction. The place is also linked to epic Mahabharta. There are two statues in the
temple, which are said to be of Bhima and Arjuna, the Pandav brothers.

Yamuna Bridge
Yamuna Bridge, situated on Chakrata-Barkot Road, is an ideal spot for trout fishing.
However, before going there, permissions need to be taken from the Forest Department at
Mussoorie.

Things to Do in Mussoorie
When we talk about the tourism in Uttaranchal, Mussoorie is one of the first destinations
that come into mind. Towering over the Doon valley, the hill station has been named
after Mansur shrub, which can be seen growing commonly in the area. Often touted as
the ‘Queen of Hill Stations’, Mussoorie is not only known for its natural beauty, but also
the plethora of adventure activities that it offers to the tourists. In this article, we will tell
you all about what to do and see in Mussoorie.

Page | 49
Fun Activities to Do in Mussoorie

Nature Walks
If you go to Mussoorie and do not indulge in nature walks, consider your trip incomplete.
From the Mall area of the hill station, you will find diversions to several interesting
walks, bringing you right into the lap of nature. Some of the most popular options are:

 Along the road below Savoy Hotel, from the Library head to Happy Valley
 From Valley view to Clouds End
 Towards Kapurthala Chateau and Waverly Convent, on to Company Bagh
 In the hillsides of Landour
 The Barlowganj area

Boating
If you are one of the water enthusiasts coming to Mussoorie, do not forget to explore the
joys of boating in the hill resort. Mussoorie Lake, one of the most popular picnic spots in
the area, offers you boating facility, with marvelous view of surrounding valleys forming
the backdrop. Then, you can also go for boating in Lake Mist, a newly developed picnic
spot that is situated about 5 km before the Kempty falls, on the Mussoorie-Kempty road.

Wildlife Sighting
The areas in and around Mussoorie are home to a rich and varied wildlife. If you are a
nature lover, do not forget to visit Van Chetna Kendra, situated amidst pine forest and
flowering shrubs, and have a look at the Ghurar, Kakar, Himalayan Peacock, Monal etc.
Benog Mountain Quail Sanctuary is another place that you must visit on a trip to
Mussoorie. Apart from the usual birds and animals, it also boasts of extinct bird species
like Mountain Quail.

Trekking
Page | 50
Mussoorie serves as the base for a number of interesting treks, to the nearby areas. For
instance, you can trek up to the Gangotri, Yamunotri, the Black Peak, Har-ki-Doon and
other treks in the Garhwal Himalayas. Then, there is the option of explore the trekking
trails in the nearby Himachal Pradesh as well. The closest place from Mussoorie, for
indulging in trekking expeditions, is Barlowgunj, approximately two and a half
kilometers away.

Roller Skating
The youngsters will love to explore the numerous skating rinks in Mussoorie. The resort
Jaypee Residency Manor houses an open air skating rink. Then, there is ‘The Rink’ in
Kulri Bazaar and ‘Disco Skating Rink’ behind the Tourist Office in Mussoorie.

Trout Fishing
If you are willing to drive to a few kilometers from Mussoorie, in the search of adventure,
then Aglar River and Yamuna River would provide you with ample opportunities for
trout fishing. However, you will have to take permits from the Divisional Forest Officer
of Mussoorie beforehand.

Paragliding
Want to soar high in the sky and look at earth from miles above it? If yes, then on your
next trip to Mussoorie, do make sure to indulge in paragliding. Mussoorie Lake, apart
from boating and picnics, offers you the opportunity to go paragliding as well (if the
weather and air permit).

Dehradun
Dehradun is the capital city of the state of Uttarakhand. It is a well known tourist
destination for a long time. Besides being a travel destination, the city is also known for
public schools, IMA and other national institutes. The entire district is surrounded by the

Page | 51
mighty Himalayas in the North, aging Shivalik Hills in the South, the River Ganga in the
East and River Yamuna in the West.

The soil of the region is very fertile and most plants and trees grow quickly and bear
bountiful fruits. Dehradun has a Sub-Tropical type of weather with chilly winters, humid
and crisp springs, scorching summers and a strong monsoon. Dehradun has premium
educational and research institutes such as Indian Military Academy (IMA), Indira
Gandhi National Forest Academy, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing and Indian Institute
of Petroleum. Excellent schools like the Doon School, Welham School for Girls & Boys,
Army School and Rashtriya Indian Military College are also present there.

Attractions
Dehradun is one of the most visited tourist attractions in Uttarakhand, mostly as a brief
stopover en route Mussoorie. Located on the foothills of the Himalayan mountain range,
Dehradun is a striking yet serene place. It is thought to be one of the oldest (read as
ancient) cities in India.

Chakrata
Chakrata is a small town near Dehradun which served as an infantry base during the
British rule. It is especially known for tranquil, beautiful and pollution free surroundings.
The hill station is positioned between the Rivers Tons and Yamuna at an altitude of
5,500-6,500 ft.

Dakpathar
Strategically positioned near the banks of mighty River Yamuna, Dakpathar in Dehradun
has recently been developed into a leisure spot. The brainchild of the GMVN (Garhwal
Mandal Vikas Nigam), Dakpathar is naturally exotic surrounded with forests and
bejeweled with lush green lawns and gardens.

Page | 52
Places to See Near Dehradun
The capital city of Uttarakhand, Dehradun is famous for its scenic grandeur and beautiful
surroundings. Dehradun and its surrounding places are adorned with the beauty of the
Himalayas. There are several historical places, temples, natural springs, parks, picnic
spots in the city's vicinity, which are surely worth a visit.

Sahastradhara
Its name deciphered as the ‘Thousand Fold Spring’ in English, Sahastradhara is one of
the most beautiful and serene picnic spots in Dehradun . It is very popular amongst both
the locals as well as the tourists coming to the city. Its name emerges from the fact that
the water literally drips down from limestone stalactites numbering thousands.

Guchhupani & Lachhiwala

Dehradun is a beautiful place with lots of picnic spots. Two of these are quite famous,
namely Robber’s Cave (also known as Guchhupani) and Lachhiwala. Though they have
different attractions to entice people, both these places are ideal examples of the treasures
of nature in Uttarakhand.

How to Reach
Dehradun is a captivating place situated amidst the foothills of Himalayas in the state of
Uttarakhand. This article will guide you on the various ways of reaching this beautiful
city which is linking point for Haridwar and Rishikesh. Dehradun is well connected with
direct trains to important towns.

Things to Do in Dehradun
Dehradun, the capital city of Uttarakhand, is nestled amidst the thickly forested valley of
the Shivalik ranges. Known for its salubrious climate, natural beauty and proximity to
Mussoorie, the city was once a major base of the Garhwal kings. Today, it counts
amongst the major cities of India, from tourism point of view as well as otherwise.

Page | 53
Malsi Deer Park
Malsi Deer Park, located in the outskirts of Dehradun, equally enthralls both the adults
and children. It is one of the major tourist attractions in the city and also acts as a savior
of natural environment from unnecessary business propositions. It falls on the way to
Mussoorie (with a little diversion of course), another highly rated tourist spot.

Mindroling Monastery
The Mindroling Monastery has a long history. Mindroling (pronounced as Minh-dro-
lyng) literally means a ‘Place of Perfect Emancipation’ in Tibet and is a place of worship
for the Nyingma sect of Buddhism. This sect has a total of six monasteries in Tibet,
including the one in the Lhasa region of Tibet, on the south side of the Tsangpo River.

Tapkeshwar Temple
Dehradun is full of legends but so is the state of Uttarakhand it is situated in. The entire
region was once supposed to be submerged under a lake but environmental changes made
it a terrestrial heaven. There is a lot to see in the Doon Valley (as it is locally called),
especially temples and the rivulet forests.

Weather
The geographical location of Dehradun is mainly responsible for the ever-changing but
pleasant weather of Dehradun. Dehradun has a sub-tropical climate with cold winters,
warm and colorful springs, humid and hot summers and an elongated monsoon.

Indian Military Academy

Located in Dehradun, the Indian Military Academy is an institution that trains men who
officer the Indian Army. The Indian Military Academy became functional from 1st
October 1932 with batch of 40 Gentlemen Cadets. Brigadier L.P. Collins was its first
commandant.

Page | 54
Things to Do in Dehradun
Dehradun, the capital city of Uttarakhand, is nestled amidst the thickly forested valley of
the Shivalik ranges. Known for its salubrious climate, natural beauty and proximity to
Mussoorie, the city was once a major base of the Garhwal kings. Today, it counts
amongst the major cities of India, from tourism point of view as well as otherwise. In
order to help you know more about Dehradun, we have listed information on what to do
and see therein, through the following lines.

Fun Activities to Do in Dehradun

Trekking
If you are an adventure seeker visiting Dehradun, do not miss out on the opportunity of
going on an exciting trek. The city serves as the base camp for a trek to the Kempty Falls
in Mussoorie. Chakrata, almost 98 km from Dehradun, is also a destination for trekker.

Page | 55
ADVENTURE TOURISM IN UTTARAKHAND

Rishikesh
Rishikesh is a small town situated 532 m (1,745 ft) above sea level in Dehradun district
of Uttarakhand. Located about 42 Km from the state capital Dehradun and 25 Km from
Haridwar, Rishikesh is an important destination since it acts as an entry point for
pilgrimage to the four most holy Hindu pilgrimages in India commonly known as the
‘Char Dham’. It is here that holy river Ganga meets river Chandrabhaga.

The place got its name from Raibhya Rishi who got to see the divine form (Darshan) of
Lord Vishnu here. In Skanda Purana the region has been mentioned as Kubjamrak.It is
also said that Lord Rama did penance here for killing Ravana. Historically, Rishikesh
was a part of the ancient Kedarkhand (or the modern day Garhwal), the supposed home
of Lord Shiva. River Ganga flows through the town in its most unruly, turbulent and
fierce form. Today Rishikesh has earned the sobriquet of the Yoga Capital and Adventure
Sports Hub.

Adventure Sports in Rishikesh

Topography of Rishikesh is blessed with turbulent rivers, getting their energy from
various rivulets and tributaries from the glaciers above. These rivers and their nearby
areas make excellent spots for adventure sports like White Water Rafting, Canoeing,
Trekking, Rock-Climbing / Mountaineering, Camping and Skiing (especially in winters).

Weather
Located at an altitude of 532 m or 1,745 ft above sea level, Rishikesh is heaven for those
seeking some gala time in the cool and calm environment. The place is blessed with a
temperate climate all the year round which makes it a perfect destination for a quick visit.
Its level of elevation greatly affects its everyday weather and climate.

Page | 56
Yoga
Yoga is an invaluable source of knowledge, endurance, spirituality and fitness. It brings
across the perfect blend of spiritual intelligence and physical fitness in a person's life.
This ancient Indian art finds its origin in the ‘Patanjali Shastra’. Rishikesh, a holy
destination in Uttarakhand, has been an important center of Yoga learning for long.

Things to Do in Rishikesh
If you are fed up of the hectic city life and want to take a break for a few days, then
heading towards Rishikesh is a very good idea. Situated in Uttarakhand, at the foothills of
the Himalayas, the town sprawls on the banks of the Ganges, which lends it a clean and
pristine beauty. Apart from being famous as the entry point to the ‘Char Dhams of India’,
Rishikesh is also renowned for serving as the base for a number of adventure activities.

Boating
If you like to play in water, but do not want to indulge in something as adventurous as
white water rafting, don’t be disappointed. Rishikesh offers you the option of boating in
the holy waters of the Ganges. You will love the experience of floating on river Ganga,
while exploring the exquisite natural beauty all around

River Rafting
Adventure seeks, not only from the corners of India, but the whole world, come to
Rishikesh, to exploit the river rafting opportunities that it offers. The best time for rafting
in Rishikesh is September to November and March to May. The most popular stretches
here are Brahmpuri to Rishikesh, Rishikesh to Shivpuri, Devprayag to Rishikesh,
Kudiyala to Rishikesh, Kaliasaur to Rishikesh, and Marine to Rishikesh.

Page | 57
Trekking
An outdoor activity that involves ‘hiking’ in mountain regions is called ‘trekking’.
Rishikesh, apart from being an ideal location for rafting and cannoning, is also
considered one of the best destinations for trekking activities in India. The strategic
location of Rishikesh, in Uttarakhand - situated at the foothills of Himalayas, attracts lots
of trekking enthusiasts.

Page | 58
Yoga & Meditation
Rishikesh has been serving as an important center for yoga and meditation in India, since
a long time. There are a large number of ashrams in the city, where qualified gurus teach
this ancient practice, at the basic as well as professional level. Yoga Study Centre, Yoga
Niketan Ashram, Swami Dayananda Ashram, Sri Ved Niketan Ashram, Sivananda
Ashram, Ananda Prakash Ashram, and Rishikesh Yog Peeth are the most popular yoga
ashrams in Rishikesh.

Ayurveda & Spa

When in Rishikesh, do make sure to pay a visit to the world-famous, super-luxury
Ananda Spa. It is located Narendranagar, approximately 16 km from Rishikesh, in the
erstwhile palace of the Maharaja of Tehri-Garhwal. One visit to this spa resort and you
will find yourself completely refreshed and rejuvenated. In fact, it is best place to get
back your old energy levels.

Valley of Flowers National Park

Valley of Flowers National Park is an Indian national park, Nestled high in West
Himalaya, is renowned for its meadows of endemic alpine flowers and outstanding

Page | 59
natural beauty. It is located in Uttarakhand state. This richly diverse area is also home to
rare and endangered animals, including the Asiatic black bear, snow leopard, brown bear
and blue sheep. The gentle landscape of the Valley of Flowers National Park
complements the rugged mountain wilderness of Nanda Devi National Park to the east.
Together they encompass a unique transition zone between the mountain ranges of the
Zanskar and Great Himalaya. The park stretches over an expanse of 87.50 km². Both
parks are encompassed in the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (223,674 ha) which is
further surrounded by a buffer zone (5,148.57 km²). [1] This Reserve is in the UNESCO
World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 2004.

The Valley of Flowers is an outstandingly beautiful high-altitude Himalayan valley that

has been acknowledged as such by renowned mountaineers and botanists in literature for
over a century and in Hindu religion for much longer. Its ‘gentle’ landscape,
breathtakingly beautiful meadows of alpine flowers and ease of access complement the
rugged, mountain wilderness for which the inner basin of Nanda Devi National Park is
renowned.

Valley of flower is splashed with colour as it bloomed with hundreds different beautiful
flowers, taking on various shades of colours as time progressed. Valley was declared a
national park in 1982, and now it is a World Heritage Site. The locals, of course, always
knew of the existence of the valley, and believed that it was inhabited by fairies.

While trekking towards valley of flowers, one can experience the beauty of shining peaks
fully covered with snow. One can also see the beautiful view of surrounding greenery and
various running streams with crystal clear water.

The valley is home to many celebrated flowers like the Brahmakamal, the Blue Poppy
and the Cobra Lily. It is a much sought after haunt for flower-lovers, botanists and of
course trekkers, for whom a sufficient excuse to embark on a mission to reach a place, is
that it exists.

Page | 60
The Valley of Flowers is internationally important on account of its diverse alpine flora,
representative of the Western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows ecoregion. The rich
diversity of species reflects the valley’s location within a transition zone between the
Zaskar and Great Himalayas ranges to the north and south, respectively, and between the
Eastern Himalaya and Western Himalaya flora. A number of plant species are
internationally threatened, several have not been recorded from elsewhere in Uttarakhand
and two have not been recorded in Nanda Devi National Park. The diversity of threatened
species of medicinal plants is higher than has been recorded in other Indian Himalayan
protected areas [2]. The entire Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve lies within the Western
Himalayas Endemic Bird Area (EBA). Seven restricted-range bird species are endemic to
this part of the EBA.

TREAK

The Valley of Flowers was declared a national park in 1982. This part of Uttarakhand, in
the upper reaches of Garhwal, is inaccessible through much of the year. The area lies on
the Zanskar range of the Himalayas with the highest point in the national park being
Gauri Parbat at 6,719 m above sea level.

Getting to the Valley of Flowers requires a trek of about 17 km. The nearest major town
is Joshimath in Garhwal, which has convenient road connections from Haridwar and
Dehradun, both about 270 km from Joshimath.

Govindghat is a small place close to Joshimath (around one hour distance), from where
the trek starts.From Gobindghat, a trek of 14 km brings trekkers to the Ghangaria, a small
settlement located about 3 km from the valley. The valley starts near a gorge over the
Pushpawati River.

Page | 61
Fauna

The park is home to tahr, snow leopard, musk deer, red fox, common langur, bharal,
serow, Himalayan black bear, Himalayan brown bear, Pika (Mouse hare) and a huge
variety of butterflies. Among the important birds and Pheasant are, Himalayan Golden
Eagle, Griffon Vulture, Snow Partridge, Himalayan Snowcock, Himalayan Monal, Snow
Pigeon, Sparrow Hawk etc.

Flora

Flowers mostly orchids, poppies, primulas, marigold, daisies and anemones carpet the
ground. Alpine forests of birch and rhododendron cover parts of the park's area. A decade
long study of Prof. C.P. Kala from 1993 onwards concludes that the Valley of Flowers
endows with 520 species of higher plants (angiosperms, gymnosperms and
pteridophytes), of these 498 are flowering plants. The park has many species of medicinal
plants including Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Picrorhiza kurrooa, Aconitum violaceum,
Polygonatum multiflorum, Fritillaria roylei and Podophyllum hexandrum

Page | 62
Annual Data of Visiting Tourists in Various Tourist spots

S/ Name Of Tourist Total 2011

No- Destination Indian Foreign Total
1 Dehradun 700518 9672 710190
2 Hrishikesh 268882 4573 273455
3 Masori 988481 2863 991344
4 Srinagar Gharwal 118590 166 118756
5 Rudarprayge 359642 376 360018
6 Kedarnath 167520 1697 169217
7 Bhadrinath 448517 80 448597
8 Himkund Sahab 340578 & 340578
9 Valley of flowers 1500 15 1515
10 Uttarkashi 279284 660 279944
11 Gangotri 118221 153 118374
12 Yaumanotri 53976 47 54023
13 Haridwar 5518270 6029 5524299

S/No- Name Of Tourist Year 2012

Destination
Indian Foreign Total
1 Dehradun 917070 11922 928992
2 Hrishikesh 220097 6047 226144
3 Masori 1024752 2986 1027738
4 Srinagar Gharwal 207779 309 208088
5 Rudarprayge 415645 835 416480
6 Kedarnath 231988 2509 234497

Page | 63
7 Bhadrinath 580913 30 580943
8 Himkund Sahab 391575 & 391575
9 Valley of flowers 4154 303 4457
10 Uttarkashi 478612 827 479439
11 Gangotri 139752 182 139934
12 Yaumanotri 77998 52 78050
13 Haridwar 5524432 7532 5531964

S/No- Name Of Tourist Year 2013

Destination
Indian Foreign Total
1 Dehradun 1012535 11972 1024507
2 Hrishikesh 323734 5918 329652
3 Masori 1024985 2683 1027668
4 Srinagar Gharwal 174157 424 174581
5 Rudarprayge 493824 1092 494916
6 Kedarnath 275149 1257 276406
7 Bhadrinath 500579 & 500579
8 Himkund Sahab 278918 & 278918
9 Valley of flowers 4514 437 4951
10 Uttarkashi 541298 1075 542373
11 Gangotri 160540 299 160839
12 Yaumanotri 102194 137 102331
13 Haridwar 6283726 11012 6294738
S/No- Name Of Tourist Year 2014

Page | 64
 Destination
Indian Foreign Total
2 Hrishikesh 369573 5538 375111
3 Masori 1044245 3547 1047792
4 Srinagar Gharwal 188051 423 188474
5 Rudarprayge 439719 1289 441008
6 Kedarnath 378162 4811 382973
7 Bhadrinath 566224 ----- 566224
8 Himkund Sahab 548389 25 548414
9 Valley of flowers 4664 547 5211
10 Uttarkashi 489990 1060 491050
11 Gangotri 222834 227 223061
12 Yaumanotri 168899 147 169046
13 Haridwar 7527020 13624 7540644

S/No Name Of Tourist Year 2015

Destination
Indian Foreign Total
1 Dehradun 1016058 18051 1034109
2 Hrishikesh 329392 5912 335304
3 Masori 1050527 5309 1055836
4 Srinagar Gharwal 201677 411 202088
5 Rudarprayge 496220 1430 494650
6 Kedarnath 485464 1539 487003
7 Bhadrinath 695230 12 695242
8 Himkund Sahab 576626 32 576658
9 Valley of flowers 5489 455 5944
10 Uttarkashi 512340 1273 413613

Page | 65
11 Gangotri 263557 250 263807
12 Yaumanotri 216723 163 216883
13 Haridwar 9800770 11774 9812544

S/No Name Of Tourist Year 2016

Destination
Indian Foreign Total
1 Dehradun 1369950 17766 1387716
2 Hrishikesh 558062 5109 563171
3 Masori 1075898 5424 1081322
4 Srinagar Gharwal 222475 186 222661
5 Rudarprayge 590136 1571 591707
6 Kedarnath 555918 1505 557423
7 Bhadrinath 768025 82 768107
8 Himkund Sahab 557066 63 557129
9 Valley of flowers 12531 308 12839
10 Uttarkashi 616429 1340 617769
11 Gangotri 329111 274 329385
12 Yaumanotri 287688 182 287870
13 Haridwar 11204275 15609 11219884

Page | 66
S/No- Name Of Tourist Year 2008
Destination
Indian Foreign Total
1 Dehradun 1422578 18483 1441061
2 Hrishikesh 551495 5052 556547
3 Masori 1086411 5545 1091956
4 Srinagar Gharwal 202486 306 202792
5 Rudarprayge 592368 1429 593797
6 Kedarnath 468982 1066 470048
7 Bhadrinath 1075372 211 1075583
8 Himkund Sahab 400410 123 400533
9 Valley of flowers 11551 511 12062
10 Uttarkashi 656851 1317 658168
11 Gangotri 326081 285 326366
12 Yaumanotri 327421 190 327611
13 Haridwar 11356250 17854 11374104

S/No- Name Of Tourist Year 2009

Destination
Indian Foreign Total
1 Dehradun 1123715 17051 1140766
2 Hrishikesh 581869 4550 586419
3 Masori 1096698 5869 1102567
4 Srinagar Gharwal 247974 339 248313
5 Rudarprayge 416775 1581 418356
6 Kedarnath 402633 1003 403636
7 Bhadrinath 798063 141 798204

Page | 67
8 Himkund Sahab 332451 15 332466
9 Valley of flowers 1419 356 1775
10 Uttarkashi 680764 2418 683182
11 Gangotri 379673 484 380157
12 Yaumanotri 322001 241 322242
13 Haridwar 12049450 20157 12069517
Courtesy Tourism Department(Uttarakhand)

Page | 68
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research is an art of scientific investigation .Research comprises defining and redefining

problems, formulating hypothesis, organizing and evaluating data and reaching
conclusion. It is systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. The main
aim of research is to find out the truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered
as yet. Research process includes research design that tells us about the nature of the
study.
In dealing with any problem it is often found that data at hand are inadequate, and hence,
it becomes necessary to collect the data are appropriate .there are several ways of
collecting the appropriate data,
The research was conducted through two key modules-:
1. Desk Research
2. Primary Research
 Desk Research –this research is done to build an in-depth knowledge and
understanding of the role of media in Development of tourism Industry in
Uttarakhand.
 Primary Research –The primary data are those which are collected afresh the
first time and thus happen to be original in character. The researcher collects the
data through primary research. There are several method of doing primary
research. For collection the primary data we can use observation method,
interview method, questionnaire method, schedules and many more.
Primary research was conducted using conventional sampling method with the
help of questionnaire across a section of people of different age analysed in detail
from different perspective.

Page | 69
 Primary data was collected through questionnaire method?
This method of data collection is quite popular, particularly in case of big
enquiries. A questionnaire consists of a number of questions in a different order on
a from or assets of form. The respondents have to answer the questions on their
own. This method is very low cost. It is free from the bias of the interviewer;
answers are in respondents own words. Through this method we can reach the
respondent who is not easily appropriate.
But there is some limitation of this method also. This Method can be used when
the respondent are educated and co- operating. It is very difficult to know whether
willing to respondents are truly respesentive. And the questionnaire method is
likely to be the slowest form of all.
For the research of topic the questionnaire method was suitable. Through this
method I tried to collect the views and data of the respondents who are not easily
approachable. Through questionnaire method we tried to get the unbiased data for
own research.
 Secondary Data: - Secondary data means, data already available that is, they refer
to the data which have already been collected and analysed by someone else.
When the researcher utilizes secondary data, then he has to look into published or
unpublished data. Usually the published data are available in various publications
of the government, books, magazines, newspapers, reports, public record and other
sources of publications information’s. The sources of unpublished data are diaries,
letters, unpublished biographies and auto biographies and also available through
other research workers.
 Sources of secondary data:-
In this research I use the secondary data which is collected through the reliable
sources and adequate sources. And the sources are:-
 Department of tourism Uttarakhand
 Internet

Page | 70
 The Aims & Objectives are:

(1) To highlight the theoretical or conceptual implications of: the media, on the
Uttarakhand tourism industry;

(2) To present an overview of the current challenges of tourism policy issues and options
in Uttarakhand and how they can be slowed, halted and reversed by media
communications campaigns process;

(3) To explain the specific pattern of media effects by the new technologies on the
development of culture in the Uttarakhand; and

(4) To discuss appropriate media communications technology options for promoting

tourism, industry in Uttarakhand.

Page | 71
 DATA ANALYSIS

(1)Which media do you prefer for news?

A) TV
B) News paper
C) Internet
D) Other

TV Newspaper Internet Others

41 34 15 10

TV newspaper internet
Others

10%
15%

41%

34%

Page | 72
(2)Dose media provides space for tourism related news?

A) Yes
B) No
C) Can’t say

Yes No Cant say

40 55 5

Chart Title

5%

40%

yes
no
Cant say

55%

Page | 73
(3)Which field of media provides ample information about the tourism
development?
A) TV
B) Print Media
C) Internet
D) other

TV Print Internet Other

60 20 15 5

tv print internet Other

20%

15%

5%
60%

Page | 74
(4)Does Uttarakhand need any kind of improvement as per Tourism development?

A) Yes
B) No
C) Can’t Say

Yes No Can’t Say

80 18 2

yes no Can’t say

80%
18%

2%

Page | 75
(5)Which type of news does u prefer in newspaper?

A) Sports
B) Social
C) Tourism
D) Other

Sports Social Tourism Other

28 45 15 12

sports social tourism other

15%

45% 12%

28%

Page | 76
(6)Is your local represented (MLA) interest in tourism development?

A) Yes
B) No
C) Can’t say

Yes No Can’t say

65 25 10

Yes No Can’t say

65%

25%

10%

Page | 77
 (7)Are your government is active in the direction of tourism development?

A) Yes

B) No

C) Can’t say

Yes No Can’t say

75 15 10

Yes No Can’t say

15%
75%

10%

Page | 78
(8)What is the present status of Uttarakhand as Tourist destination Dehradun in your
view?

(a) Better

(b) Good

(c) Not good

Better Good Not good

10 75 15

Better Good Not good

75%

15%

10%

Page | 79
(9)Do you find any role of media in tourism development?
A) Yes
B) No
C) Can’t Say

Yes No Can’t say

50 30 20

Yes No Can’t say

50%

20%

30%

Page | 80
 Conclusion

The media is playing in the various aspects of life is becoming increasingly greater each
day, especially in spheres like social interaction, and cultural and educational aspects of
our life. As archaeological monuments can articulate the traditions, customs and heritage
of the past, the media can in its turn clarify today's values and civilizations of the
different countries and hence attempt to correct any widespread erroneous information.
Both the media and archaeological monuments have messages and missions with various
dimensions. The media contributes greatly in activating tourist attractions.

Before discussing the role of the media as an instrument in tourism policy, it should be
noted that, broadly speaking, the relationship between tourism and the media is one of
inclusion. When speaking of tourism policy that focuses on specific areas of tourism, the
media become a mediator between tourism and society, meaning that they mediate in a
process of conveying tourism products from the producers to the consumers.

Media communications technologies are imperative for frontline investments for

sustainable globalised tourism development indicators. The powerful effects of media
communications can bring sweeping changes of attitudes and behaviour among the key
actors in local, national and global tourism for peace, security and sustainable
development. The social, cultural, economic, political and environmental benefits of
tourism would usher in monumental and historic changes in the country. As the verdict
goes, the media has a social responsibility to enhance the blending of local, national and
international cultural values for enriched politics, society and economy. Public
communications strategy based on access to quality information and knowledge will
drive the new global tourism through partnership initiatives such as: peace and security,
conflict resolutions for eco tourism, quality tourism, Joint ventures, technology transfer,
etc.

Page | 81
Development in communication is one of the best ways to go in developing eco tourism.
This strategy involves the planned communication component of programmes designed
to change the attitudes and behaviour of specific groups of people in specific ways
through person to person communication, mass media, traditional media or community
communication. It is aims at the delivery of services and the interface between service
deliverers and beneficiaries where people are empowered to by informed choice,
education, motivation and facilitation effecting the expected changes. This can be done
by media advocacy targeting all key stakeholders involved in the tourism industry.
Effective use of communication techniques can barriers and promote better uses
participatory message design which combines both traditional and modern media. Like:
The internet granted the freedom enjoyed by print media and common carriers such as
letters, mails, and cable to the public media. Through audio streaming it is possible to
enhance the reach of radio signals to any part of the world. The internet’s vast capacity
enables each media house to exhaustively investigate and publish in depth analyses.
Internet radio is not limited to audio as pictures, images, digital files and graphics are
accessible to the users. Advertisers and their audiences can easily interact via the internet
broadcasts.

The media have a crucial role to play in putting emerging destinations. The relationship
between tourism and the media is vital and complex. Tourism is highly dependant on
media reporting because the vast majority of travel decisions are made by people who
have never seen the destination first hand for themselves. When there is bad news or a
crisis the impact on tourism can be devastating. Tourists are scared away from
destinations caught in the glare of round-the-clock disaster coverage, causing
communities dependent on tourism to lose their source of livelihood.

Page | 82
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Department of tourism Uttarakhand

www.uttaranchaltourism.in

www.uttarakhandtourism.net

www.euttaranchal.com

www.google.com

Page | 83
 QUESTIONNAIRE
(1)Which media do you prefer for news?
E) TV
F) News paper
G) Internet
H) Other

(2)Dose media provides space for tourism related news?

D) Yes
E) No
F) Can’t Say

(3)Which field of media provides ample information about the tourism development?
E) TV
F) Print Media
G) Internet
H) Other

(4)Does Uttrakhand need any kind of improvement as per Tourism development?

A)Yes
B) No
C) Can’ySay

(5)Which type of news does u prefer in newspaper?

E) Sports
F) Social
G) Tourism
H) Other

Page | 84
(6)Is your local represented (MLA) interest in tourism development?
D) Yes
E) No
F) Can’t say

(7)Are your government is active in the direction of tourism development?

D) Yes

E) No

F) Can’t say

(8)What is the present status of Uttarakhand as Tourist destination Dehradun in your

view?

(a) Better

(b) Good

(c) Not good

(9)Do you find any role of media in tourism development?
D) Yes
E) No
F) Can’t Say

(10)Do u think media can improve in tourism development. How?

Page | 85