Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A&P - Circulatory System (AB)
A&P - Circulatory System (AB)
Circulatory
1. Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow
2. Heart: Tissue Layers & Blood Supply
3. Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System
Human Heart
How many chambers are in our hearts?
4 Chambers
to
rata find
Me
man
a g
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Right Heart
1. Vena cava
Returns oxygen-poor blood to the heart
Superior: Blood from above the heart
Inferior: Blood from below the heart
find
MARANO
Me
ant
an
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Right Heart
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
Receiving room for oxygen-poor blood
rata find
Me
ppm
pm
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Right Heart
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
Right atrioventricular valve
find
AMARO
TRicuspid is on The Right
Prevent backflow
Mon
What helps to keep this closed?
Aaa ppm
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Right Heart
1. Vena cava Mmmm
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
Right atrioventricular valve
TRicuspid is on The Right
Prevent backflow
Right Heart
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
4. Right ventricle
ANNA
Sending room for oxygen-poor blood ANNA
Man
Aaa
if
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Right Heart
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
4. Right ventricle
Arno
anomie
5. Pulmonary semilunar valve
Three cusps
Ensures one way flow Man
im
ofot
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Right Heart
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
4. Right ventricle
5. Pulmonary semilunar valve so
6. Pulmonary arteries
Carry blood to the lungs
Right Heart
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
4. Right ventricle
5. Pulmonary semilunar valve iNM
6. Pulmonary arteries
Carry blood to the lungs Me
What is the difference between arteries and veins?
put
Arteries: Away from heart
Veins: Towards the heart
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Left Heart
1. Pulmonary veins
Carry blood to the heart
so
Mayo
am
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Left Heart
1. Pulmonary veins
2. Left atrium
Receiving room for oxygen-rich blood
tyg
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Left Heart
1. Pulmonary veins
2. Left atrium
3. Bicuspid valve
Mitral valve
or
Left atrioventricular valve
Two cusps
im
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Left Heart
1. Pulmonary veins
2. Left atrium
3. Bicuspid valve
4. Left ventricle
to
Sending room for oxygen-rich blood
Most muscular chamber
Mr
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Left Heart
1. Pulmonary veins
2. Left atrium
3. Bicuspid valve
4. Left ventricle
go
5. Aortic semilunar valve
Three cusps
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Left Heart
1. Pulmonary veins
2. Left atrium
3. Bicuspid valve
4. Left ventricle
5. Aortic semilunar valve
6. Aorta
Largest artery in the body
Highest blood pressure of any vessel
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Map It
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Which structure is in contact with oxygen-rich blood?
A) Pulmonary veins
B) Pulmonary arteries
D) Right atrium
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: Flow diagram <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet,
Yaddah</a>, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, &
Heart Cross Section <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_valves_*_V%C3%A1lvulas_cardiacas.png">BruceBlaus</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: Diagram <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet,
Yaddah</a>, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, &
illustration <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_tee_tricuspid_valve.jpg">Patrick J. Lynch, medical
illustrator</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9: Flow diagram <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet,
Yaddah</a>, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, &
Heart cross section <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_valves_*_V%C3%A1lvulas_cardiacas.png">BruceBlaus</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 10: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Human Heart: Structures & Pattern of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 11: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 12: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 13: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 14: Flow diagram <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet,
Yaddah</a>, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, &
Heart cross section <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_valves_*_V%C3%A1lvulas_cardiacas.png">BruceBlaus</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 15: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 16: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 17: a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_human_heart.svg">Wapcaplet, Yaddah</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Heart Layers
How many layers does the heart have?
Endocardium
to within
Myocardium
Pericardium
Visceral
Parietal
Endothelial Cells
Human Heart: Tissue Layers & Blood Supply Bootcamp.com
Heart Layers
How many layers does the heart have?
Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium
Visceral
Parietal
Human Heart: Tissue Layers & Blood Supply Bootcamp.com
Pericardium
Serous membrane
Serous fluid
Coronary Circulation
Coronary arteries-
Cardiac veins-
Coronary Circulation
Coronary arteries- Away from the heart
Boo my
Mom
mama
Human Heart: Tissue Layers & Blood Supply Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Which of the following is not a layer of the heart wall?
A) Endocardium
B) Myocardium
C) Visceral Pericardium
D) Coronary Sinus
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 2: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0470_HeartWall.png">BruceBlaus. When using this image
in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014".
WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 3: Heart wall <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0470_HeartWall.png">BruceBlaus. When using
this image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical
2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Endothelial Cells <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Simple_squamous_epithelium.svg">Kamil Danak</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0470_HeartWall.png">BruceBlaus. When using this image
in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014".
WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Serous_Membrane.jpg">Connexions</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Serous_Membrane.jpg">Connexions</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8: Right coronary circulation <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coronary_vessels.png">Servier Medical
Art</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Human Heart: Tissue Layers & Blood Supply Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 9: Right coronary circulation (Anterior) <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coronary_vessels.png">Servier
Medical Art</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, &
Coronary sinus <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0261_CoronaryVessels_Posterior.png">BruceBlaus.
When using this image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen
Medical 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Cardiac Cycle
The heart is a muscle
Cardiac Cycle
The heart is a muscle
Sinoatrial Node
Pacemaker of the heart
Greatest automaticity
Heart Rate
Tachycardia- Heart rate over 100 bpm
Conduction
1. SA node
Athos
Myth
Barataria
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
Conduction
1. SA node
2. Atrioventricular node
Adds a brief delay between contraction of atria & ventricles
Athan
Myth
mortuary
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
Conduction
1. SA node
2. Atrioventricular node
3. Bundle of His
Interventricular septum
good
youtube.by no
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
Conduction
1. SA node
2. Atrioventricular node
3. Bundle of His
4. Left & right bundles
At a
maximum
Mfg mom
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
Conduction
1. SA node
2. Atrioventricular node
3. Bundle of His
4. Left & right bundles
5. Purkinje fibers
Walls of ventricles
Coordinate ventricular contraction
ta
minor
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
Systole Diastole
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Cells from which of the following have the greatest automaticity?
A) SA Node
B) AV Node
C) Left Ventricle
D) Bundle of His
REVIEW OUTLINE
Review Questions
What is automaticity?
References:
Slide 2: Bicep Curl <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bicep_curl_with_deadlift_with_barbell_1.svg">Everkinetic</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Heart Anatomy <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0470_HeartWall.png">BruceBlaus. When using this image in external
sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014". WikiJournal of
Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0470_HeartWall.png">BruceBlaus. When using this image
in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014".
WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reizleitungssystem_1.png">J. Heuser</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reizleitungssystem_1.png">J. Heuser</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2032_Automatic_Innervation.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8:<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Drawing_pin.jpg">Piotrek91</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5">CC BY-SA 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9: Heart conduction system without the heart <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, and Atria contract <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 10: <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, and Atria contract <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 11: Heart conduction system without the heart <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, and Atria contract <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Heart diagram <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conduction_system_(CardioNetworks_ECGpedia).svg">CardioNetworks:
Drj</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 12: Heart conduction system without the heart <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, and Atria contract <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png">Madhero88</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Heart diagram <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conduction_system_(CardioNetworks_ECGpedia).svg">CardioNetworks:
Drj</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 13: Ventricular contraction <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_systole.svg">Wapcaplet, Reytan,
Mtcv</a>, <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Human Cardiac Cycle: Conduction System Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 14: Systole <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_systole.svg">Wapcaplet, Reytan, Mtcv</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Diastole <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reizleitungssystem_1.png">J. Heuser</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Heart Sounds
lub
Closing heart valves
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Heart Sounds
Systole occurs between _____ & _____ sounds.
Systole Diastole
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Heart Sounds
Systole occurs between lub & dub sounds.
Systole Diastole
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Signal Transduction
What connects cardiomyocytes together?
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Signal Transduction
What connects cardiomyocytes together?
Intercalated discs
Desmosomes
Gap junctions
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Desmosomes
Small proteins that adhere cardiomyocytes together
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Gap Junctions
Protein tunnels that connect cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Cardiac Syncytium
Network of connected cardiomyocytes
Crucial to coordination of heart function
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Electrocardiogram
Measures electrical activity in the heart
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Electrocardiogram
1. P wave
Atria depolarize
oh
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Electrocardiogram
1. P wave
2. Q wave
Depolarization through interventricular septum
P
at
a home
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Electrocardiogram
1. P wave
2. Q wave
3. R wave
Depolarization through ventricles
R
P
at
a
Ap
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Electrocardiogram
1. P wave
2. Q wave
3. R wave
4. S wave
Completion of ventricular depolarization R
P
at
a g
Ao
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Electrocardiogram
1. P wave
2. Q wave
Q a
3. R wave
4. S wave
QRS Complex R
Broad view of ventricular depolarization
p
not
Q s
too
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Electrocardiogram
1. P wave
2. Q wave
Ex
3. R wave
4. S wave
QRS Complex R
5. T wave
Ventricular repolarization
P T
not
Q s
too
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
d
C) Bicuspid Valve
D) Tricuspid Valve
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Systolevs_Diastole.png">BruceBlaus</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: Systole <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_systole.svg">Wapcaplet, Reytan, Mtcv</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Diastole <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reizleitungssystem_1.png">J. Heuser</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: Systole <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_systole.svg">Wapcaplet, Reytan, Mtcv</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Diastole <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reizleitungssystem_1.png">J. Heuser</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: Systole <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_systole.svg">Wapcaplet, Reytan, Mtcv</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Diastole <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reizleitungssystem_1.png">J. Heuser</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: Systole <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_systole.svg">Wapcaplet, Reytan, Mtcv</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Diastole <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reizleitungssystem_1.png">J. Heuser</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0470_HeartWall.png">BruceBlaus. When using this image
in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014".
WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1020_Cardiac_Muscle.jpg">OpenStax</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Human Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds, Signal Transduction & Electrocardiograms Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 10: Intercalated disc: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1020_Cardiac_Muscle.jpg">OpenStax</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & stictches <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ladder_stitch.svg">User:Mvolz, Olek Remesz (wiki-pl: Orem, commons:
Orem)</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 11: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1020_Cardiac_Muscle.jpg">OpenStax</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 12: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1020_Cardiac_Muscle.jpg">OpenStax</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 13: ECG <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Normal_Sinus_Rhythm_Unlabeled.jpg">Andrewmeyerson</a>,
<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Patient <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ekg_NIH.jpg">National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute (NIH)</a>, Public domain,
via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 14: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ECG_Intervals.svg">Drricksanchez</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 15: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ECG_Intervals.svg">Drricksanchez</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 16: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ECG_Intervals.svg">Drricksanchez</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 17: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ECG_Intervals.svg">Drricksanchez</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 18: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ECG_Intervals.svg">Drricksanchez</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 19: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ECG_Intervals.svg">Drricksanchez</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Heart Rate
What is a typical heart rate?
60-100 beats per minute (bpm)
Stroke Volume
Volume of blood pumped from the heart with each beat
mm imma
me
win
am
Heart Function Measurements Bootcamp.com
Cardiac Output
CO = HR X SV
Blood Pressure
Systolic blood pressure (SBP): Highest pressure in your arteries
ft mmHg
What is a better indicator of blood pressure?
Heart Function Measurements Bootcamp.com
Auscultation
Systolic and diastole blood pressures measured by listening
Sphygmomanometer
Stethoscope
Heart Function Measurements Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Which of the following can be used to find mean arterial pressure?
A) HR x SV
B) ESV x EDV
C) EDV - ESV
D) CO x TPR
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Drawing_pin.jpg">Piotrek91</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5">CC BY-SA 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_healthy_pumping_heart_en.svg">LadyofHats</a>, Public
domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 13: File:Sphygmomanometer.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sphygmomanometer.jpg
REVIEW OUTLINE
Blood Vessels
What are blood vessels?
Hollow tubes that transport blood to and from the heart
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Tissue Layers
Lumen: Central pore
Tunica intima
Tunica intima
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Tissue Layers
Lumen: Central pore
Tunica intima
Tunica intima
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Tissue Layers
Lumen: Central pore
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Tissue Layers
Lumen: Central pore
Tunica intima
Tunica externa
Connective tissue
Collagen Tunica intima
Elastin
Nerve fibers
Tunica media
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Tissue Layers
Identify all three layers.
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Tissue Layers
Identify all three layers.
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Vasodilation Normal
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Arterioles
Smaller than arteries
Resistance vessels
Aaaaa
ANAGOGE
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Thermoregulation
How might arterioles assist in thermoregulation?
Vasoconstriction & vasodilation of vessels in the integument
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Endothelium is found in which of these layers?
A) Myocardium
B) Tunica externa
C) Tunica media
D) Tunica intima
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 2: Body Circulation Diagram, https://pixabay.com/vectors/human-body-circulatory-system-311864/, Clker-Free-Vector-
images, Pixabay
Slide 3: Body Circulation Diagram, https://pixabay.com/vectors/human-body-circulatory-system-311864/, Clker-Free-Vector-
images, Pixabay, & Cross section <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasoconstriction_-
_Constricted_blood_vessel.jpg">http://www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasoconstriction_-
_Constricted_blood_vessel.jpg">http://www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: Cross section vessel <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasoconstriction_-
_Constricted_blood_vessel.jpg">http://www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Endothelium <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Simple_squamous_epithelium.svg">Kamil Danak</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: Cross section vessel <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasoconstriction_-
_Constricted_blood_vessel.jpg">http://www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Endothelium <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Simple_squamous_epithelium.svg">Kamil Danak</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasoconstriction_-
_Constricted_blood_vessel.jpg">http://www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 8: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasoconstriction_-
_Constricted_blood_vessel.jpg">http://www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Figure_40_03_07.jpg">CNX OpenStax</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 10: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Figure_40_03_07.jpg">CNX OpenStax</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 11: <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Circulation_diagram_labeling_the_different_types_of_blood_vessels.png">David
Nascari and Alan Sved</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia
Commons
Slide 12: <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Circulation_diagram_labeling_the_different_types_of_blood_vessels.png">David
Nascari and Alan Sved</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia
Commons
Slide 13: Cross section <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0055_ArteryWallStructure.png">BruceBlaus. When using this image in
external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014".
WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Circuit <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Circulation_diagram_labeling_the_different_types_of_blood_vessels.png">David
Nascari and Alan Sved</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia
Commons
Blood Vessels: Tissue Layers, Arteries & Arterioles Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 14: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2105_Capillary_Bed.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 15: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2105_Capillary_Bed.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 16: Snow <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Snow_flake_icon.png">Zeus Box (Kuswanto)</a>, <a
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, sun <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sun_7.jpg"> </a>, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons, & blood through vessels
<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasodilation.jpg">www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Capillaries
What is a capillary?
Smallest diameter blood vessels
Connect arterioles and venules
Site of nutrient exchange
MUMand
Blood Vessels: Capillary System Bootcamp.com
Capillaries
Only made of tunica intima & basement membrane
Basement membrane
Blood Vessels: Capillary System Bootcamp.com
Capillaries
Fenestra- pores
Blood Vessels: Capillary System Bootcamp.com
Capillaries
Capillary hydrostatic pressure: generated by fluid pressure within a
vessel
Nutrients to tissues
Opposed by IFHP
Capillaries
Plasma osmotic pressure: Pulls plasma back into the capillary
dot that
Blood Vessels: Capillary System Bootcamp.com
Capillaries
Hydrostatic pressure pushes fluid out of capillaries at the arterial end
Osmotic pressure pulls fluid back into capillaries at the venule end
Blood Vessels: Capillary System Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Which of these is never found in a capillary?
A) Endothelium
B) Tunica intima
C) Fenestra
D) Tunica media
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 2: <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Circulation_diagram_labeling_the_different_types_of_blood_vessels.png">David
Nascari and Alan Sved</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia
Commons
Slide 3: Circuit <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Circulation_diagram_labeling_the_different_types_of_blood_vessels.png">David
Nascari and Alan Sved</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia
Commons, & capillary <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Capillary.svg">Kelvinsong</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: Capillary <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Capillary.svg">Kelvinsong</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Artery <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vasodilation.jpg">www.scientificanimations.com</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2104_Three_Major_Capillary_Types.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 11: <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hydrostatic_pressure_and_protein_osmotic_pressure_along_the_length_of_a_ca
pillary.png">David Nascari and Alan Sved</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA
4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Respiratory Pump
aka Abdominothoracic pump
Inhalation:
Increases abdominal pressure
Decreases thoracic pressure
Blood Vessels: Venous System Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Which of the following is a characteristic of a vein?
B) Valves
C) Fenestra
D) Resistance vessel
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 2: <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Circulation_diagram_labeling_the_different_types_of_blood_vessels.png">David
Nascari and Alan Sved</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia
Commons
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artery_Vein_Capillary_Comparison.png">Christinelmiller</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artery_Vein_Capillary_Comparison.png">Christinelmiller</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2109_Systemic_Blood_Pressure.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: Vein anatomy <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Varicose_veins.jpg">National Heart Lung and Blood
Institute.</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons, & vein figure <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Venous_valve.png">made by Was a bee.</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia
Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Portal Systems
What is a portal system?
Capillary bed → portal vein → capillary bed
É
m
a
Blood Vessels: Portal Systems Bootcamp.com
mom
mom
n
I
Blood Vessels: Portal Systems Bootcamp.com
A 006
or
Blood Vessels: Portal Systems Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
All of the following are part of a portal system EXCEPT?
A) Hepatic capillaries
B) Duodenal capillaries
C) Hepatic arteries
Review Questions
What is a portal system and what is its
purpose?
References:
Slide 3: Systemic circuit <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2101_Blood_Flow_Through_the_Heart.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & portal vein diagram <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portal_venous_system.png">Keilana</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: Systemic circuit <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2101_Blood_Flow_Through_the_Heart.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & portal vein diagram <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portal_venous_system.png">Keilana</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: Illustration <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portalvein.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public
domain, via Wikimedia Commons, & Systemic Circuit
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2101_Blood_Flow_Through_the_Heart.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1808_The_Anterior_Pituitary_Complex.jpg">OpenStax College</a>,
<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Vitamin K
Important for creating clotting factors
Produced and modified by symbiotic bacteria in the large intestines
Mini Quiz!
Activated platelets release which of the following?
A) Vitamin K
B) Collagen
C) Thrombin
D) Thromboplastin
REVIEW OUTLINE
Review Questions
Describe the steps of how a hemostatic
plug forms.
References:
Slide 2: Eye <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Subconjunctival_hemorrhage_eye.JPG">Daniel Flather</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & Flat tire <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flat_tire_2.jpg">Stian Martinsen</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 11: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cry-baby.jpg">Beth</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">CC BY 2.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Components of Blood
What’s in blood?
Plasma
Leukocytes & platelets
Erythrocytes
Blood Bootcamp.com
Plasma
Contains water, proteins, nutrients, and hormones
Blood Bootcamp.com
Leukocytes
White blood cells
Platelets
Cell fragments that do not contain a nucleus
Anucleate
Originate from megakaryocytes
Blood Bootcamp.com
Erythrocytes
What are these?
Red blood cells
Deliver oxygen
Anucleate
Flexible
Blood Bootcamp.com
Erythrocytes
Contain millions of hemoglobin molecules
Quaternary protein with four subunits
Each subunit associated with a heme group
Blood Bootcamp.com
Erythrocytes
Have antigens on their surface
can
Blood Bootcamp.com
Blood types
A & B surface antigens
Blood Bootcamp.com
Blood types
Rhesus factor (Rh)
Rh positive Rh negative
BE
Blood Bootcamp.com
Blood types
Eight blood types
A+ & A-
B+ & B-
O+ & O-
Blood Bootcamp.com
Blood transfusions
Agglutination: Clumping together of erythrocytes
Universal acceptor: Person who can receive from anyone. Type AB+
Blood Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
A person with only A antigens and Rhesus factor can donate to which
of the following blood types?
A) Type O-
B) Type A+
C) Type AB-
D) Type B+
REVIEW OUTLINE
Review Questions
What are the three components of
blood?
References:
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Components_of_blood.png">Alan Sved</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Convalescent_plasma_collected_during_COVID-
19_pandemic.jpg">Whoisjohngalt</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via
Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0909_WhiteBloodCells.png">BruceBlaus. When using this
image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014".
WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0909_WhiteBloodCells.png">BruceBlaus. When using this
image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014".
WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Platelets_by_budding_off_from_megakaryocytes.jpg">パタゴニア
</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9: RBC illustration <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:201304_red_blood_cell.png">DBCLS 統合TV</a>,
<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & RBCs slide <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_red_blood_cell.jpg">Naz Amann</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 10: 3d Hemoglobin <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HemoglobinConformations.png">Lenov</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & heme group <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MbAction.png">Smokefoot</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Blood Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 11: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rh_blood_cells_drawing.svg">Sophiedionne14</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 12: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rh_blood_cells_drawing.svg">Sophiedionne14</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 13: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blood_types.png">Shahinsahar</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 14: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blood_types.png">Shahinsahar</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 15: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rh_blood_cells_drawing.svg">Sophiedionne14</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Fetal Circulation
How does a fetus get oxygen?
From its mother
Me
go
Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Fetal Circulation
1. Placenta
Highly vascularized organ in a pregnant woman’s uterus
no
MA
Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Fetal Circulation
1. Placenta
2. Umbilical cord
ra
Mo
Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Fetal Circulation
1. Placenta
2. Umbilical cord
3. Towards the liver
Most blood enters ductus venosus
Fetal Circulation
1. Placenta
o.br
2. Umbilical cord
3. Towards the liver
4. Heart
Right atrium→ foramen ovale → left atrium
Fetal Circulation
What about the oxygen-poor blood from the superior vena cava?
Only a small volume mixes in the right atrium
The majority is pushed into the right ventricle
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Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Fetal Circulation
What about the oxygen-poor blood from the superior vena cava?
Only a small volume mixes in the right atrium
The majority is pushed into the right ventricle
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Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Fetal Circulation
Slightly oxygen-rich & oxygen-poor blood mix in descending aorta
Generates very slightly oxygen-rich blood
Nourish the rest of the body’s tissues
Eventually returns to the placenta via umbilical arteries
Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Fetal Circulation
Describe the path of blood flow from the placenta to the fetus and back.
At
Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Which of the following is in contact with oxygen-poor blood?
A) Ductus arteriosus
B) Ductus venosus
C) Foramen ovale
D) Umbilical vein
REVIEW OUTLINE
Review Questions
Describe the flow of blood from the
placenta, to the fetus, back to the
placenta.
References:
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 10: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 11: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 12: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 13: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Fetal Circulation: Pathway of Blood Flow Bootcamp.com
References:
Slide 14: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2139_Fetal_Circulation.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 15: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2139_Fetal_Circulation.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
a
Fetal Circulation: Mechanisms of Blood Flow & Erythroblastosis Fetalis Bootcamp.com
Placenta
Why does blood flow back to the placenta?
Placenta has low resistance
Me
at
Fetal Circulation: Mechanisms of Blood Flow & Erythroblastosis Fetalis Bootcamp.com
Placenta
Maternal and fetal blood do not mix
Due to the embryonic chorion
Fetal Circulation: Mechanisms of Blood Flow & Erythroblastosis Fetalis Bootcamp.com
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
How does this harm the second fetus? umbilical arteries
umbilical veins
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Fetal Circulation: Mechanisms of Blood Flow & Erythroblastosis Fetalis Bootcamp.com
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
How does this harm the second fetus? umbilical arteries
Some antibodies are allowed to cross the placenta
Including antibodies against Rhesus factor umbilical veins
2nd Anti Rh antibodies
Baby
Fetus
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Fetal Circulation: Mechanisms of Blood Flow & Erythroblastosis Fetalis Bootcamp.com
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
How does this harm the second fetus? umbilical arteries
Some antibodies are allowed to cross the placenta
Including antibodies against Rhesus factor umbilical veins
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Baby
Fetus
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Rho
Fetal Circulation: Mechanisms of Blood Flow & Erythroblastosis Fetalis Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
A fetus would be at risk of erythroblastosis fetalis in which of the following situations?
Assume that each second born was preceded by a Rh (+) first born.
References:
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Neonatal_Heart_Circulation.png">BruceBlaus</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Neonatal_Heart_Circulation.png">BruceBlaus</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2916_Fetal_Circulatory_System-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2910_The_Placenta-02.jpg">OpenStax College</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
REVIEW OUTLINE
Capillaries
• Not all of the fluid is reabsorbed
• Interstitial fluid
Capillaries
• Not all of the fluid is reabsorbed
• Interstitial fluid
Lymphatic System
• Lymph
• Lymph vessels
• Lymph nodes
• Adenoids
• Spleen
• Thymus
Lymphatic System Bootcamp.com
Lacteals
• Lymphatic capillaries that absorb fat in the villi of the small intestine
t
Artery
Vein
p
Lacteal
A
Lymphatic System Bootcamp.com
Lymph Nodes
• “Police checkpoints” with immune cells
• Lymphocytes
Lymphatic System Bootcamp.com
Lymphatic System
Is the lymphatic system more similar to veins or arteries?
• Veins
• Low pressure system
• Utilizes the skeletal muscle pump
• Lymphatic vessels typically follow veins
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Lymphatic System Bootcamp.com
Mini Quiz!
Lymph from your right foot will pass through which
of the following on its way back to the heart?
D) Thoracic duct
REVIEW OUTLINE
References:
Slide 3: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_a_lymphatic_capillary_CRUK_023.svg">Cancer
Research UK</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0623_LymphaticSystem_Female.png">BruceBlaus. When
using this image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical
2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lymphatic_system_and_lipid_absorption.jpg">SGUL lymres</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6: Lymph nodes <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_of_the_lymph_nodes_in_the_pelvis_CRUK_040.svg">Cancer Research
UK</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons, & police <a
href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Police_car_right_side_low_polygon_animation.png">Kurt Kaiser</a>, CC0, via
Wikimedia Commons
Slide 7: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2203_Lymphatic_Trunks_and_Ducts_System.jpg">OpenStax
College</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anatomy_of_the_lymphatic_system.jpg">SGUL lymres</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anatomy_of_the_lymphatic_system.jpg">SGUL lymres</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons