NAME: __________________________ SECTION: ______ ___________ DATE: ______ _____

SUBJECT: SCIENCE 10 SLG 1

SUBJECT TEACHER: Mr. LAWRNCE MARBIE B. CESTINA

GENERAL INSTRUCTION: FOLLOW THE SPECIFIC INSTRUCTION ON EACH ACTIVITY USE/PROVIDE A

SEPARATE SHEET FOR YOUR ANSWER
SELF-LEARNING GUIDE
LESSON TITLE: TIME ALLOTMENT/DURATION: 3days
Human Endocrine System DATE/S: February 27 to March 1 2024
DATE TO BE SUBMITTED: March 5, 2024
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MELCS/:
COGNITIVE: I can Understand the function
and importance of the human endocrine
system.

AFFECTIVE: I can Explain the role of

hormones in maintaining homeostasis in the
body.

PSYCHOMOTOR: I can illustrate and label

the major glands of the endocrine system
and their associated hormones.

INTRODUCTION:
• The endocrine system, through the different glands, secrete hormones that
control the growth and development of the body. Hormones travel throughout the
body through the bloodstream, and they are directed toward a specific part of
the body, which is called the target organ of the hormone. It also regulates
some reproductive functions. Here are the different glands present in the
endocrine system, which includes the hormones secreted and their effects on
the body.
Pituitary gland

• gland located in the brain. often called the master gland secretes several
hormones that affect a specific part of the body.

Here is the list of the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland

• Human growth hormone (HGH) promotes the release of insulin-like growth

factors (IGFs), responsible for the production of proteins in the body
maintains muscle and bone mass for growth; also helps in healing injuries
and repairing tissues Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) helps in producing
and secreting the thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland Follicle-
stimulating hormone (FSH) it targets the ovaries by initiating the
development of the follicles in the ovary, which happens monthly.

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

• initiates ovulation; also controls the secretion of progesterone (female
sex hormone)
Prolactin
• a affect the mammary glands by initiating and maintaining the production
of milk, especially during pregnancy
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
• responsible for the production and secretion of glucocorticoids, the
hormones released by the adrenal gland.

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Oxytocin
• activated during and after giving birth; targets the uterus to cause it to
contract during giving birth; also controls milk secretion in the breasts
after giving birth
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) –
• causes the kidneys to decrease urine production, which helps in conserving
more body water; also known as vasopressin
Hypothalamus
• is the gland that is also located in the brain.
• controls the function of the pituitary gland.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
• controls the secretion of the TSH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
• stimulates the production of FSH and LH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
• initiates the secretion of the ACTH

Thyroid gland

• is located below the larynx (or the voice box)

• butterfly-shaped gland that is composed of the right and the left lobes.
• secretes the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid
Hormones.
• responsible for protein synthesis; regulation of oxygen use, metabolism,
and growth; and the development of the body.

Calcitonin
• another hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, which is responsible for
maintaining the calcium level in the body.
Parathyroid glands
• can be found in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland, secretes the
Parathyroid hormone major regulator of the calcium, magnesium, and
phosphate levels in the blood.
Pancreas
• located in the duodenum of the small intestine secretes the hormones
Insulin and glucagon
• responsible in regulating the blood sugar level.
Insulin
• helps in lowering the amount of glucose in the blood when it is too high
Glucagon
• helps in increasing the level of glucose in the blood when it is too low
• The pancreas will secrete insulin to lower the glucose by converting it into glycogen, which will be stored in
the liver.
• Once the body’s blood glucose level becomes low, the pancreas will then release glucagon and break down
the glycogen in the liver to create the glucose needed by the body.

Adrenal Gland
• located on top of each kidney
• divided into the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla
Adrenal cortex secretes the following hormones:
Mineralocorticoids
• maintain the balance of minerals in the body such as sodium and potassium
Glucocorticoids
• break down proteins and triglycerides needed by the body;
• help in the formation of glucose;
• have anti-inflammatory effects;
• cause suppression of immune responses
Androgens
• secreted by both males and females, but it is an important hormone
especially for females because these are converted into estrogen
Adrenal medulla
• secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline),
• which are released during strenuous activities, such as exercise.

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 • These hormones control the heart rate, blood pressure, blood level, and
breathing rate
Gonads
• produce sex cells or gametes.
• These gonads are the ovaries for females and the testes for the males.
Ovaries
• located in the pelvic cavity. secrete the hormones estrogen and
progesterone.
Estrogen
• is responsible for the female secondary sex characteristics and
maintaining the female body shape.
Progesterone
• helps from other hormones helps in pregnancy, lactation, and the menstrual
cycle
Testes
• can be found in the scrotum, and they release the hormone testosterone
Testosterone
• which helps in the production of sperm and the development of male
secondary sex characteristics
Pineal gland
• which is located also in the brain
• secretes melatonin and the thymus
Melatonin
• regulates the sleep cycle
Thymus
• which secretes thymosin that acts as an antibody

Similarities between the Nervous System and the Endocrine System

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Directions: Complete the table below by listing the gland and hormone in each
described scenario.
Gland Hormones Scenario
Egg Maturation
Extra strength during
fires

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 Adam’s apple becomes
bigger
Building up of the immune
system by T-cell
production
Consumption of sugar-rich
foods

Activity 2

Generalization:
Why is it important to know these various parts of our endocrine system.
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Enrichment/ Remediation:
Create a mind map showing the words or terms that you learned in this lesson.

Rubric: 5 points for the Organization of Ideas, and 5 points for the Content. (10 points)

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