laLdkj jkstxkj jk"Vªokn yksdfgrokn

HkkfV;k vkJe lwjrx<+

¼bZekunkj iz'kklu] laosnu'khy iz'kklu] ldkjkRed ncax iz'kklu½
mŸkjdq¡th
jktLFkku jkT; ,oa v/khuLFk lsok,¡ la;qDr çfr;ksxh ¼eq[;½ ijh{kk&2021
Paper- IV
17 Qjojh 2022] xq#okj
vad&200 le; & 3 ?k.Vs
PAPER-IV GENERAL HINDI & GENERAL ENGLISH
(Total Marks : 200 Marks)
Unit-I (120 Marks)
Part-A Marks : 50
uksV% lHkh ç'uksa ds mÙkj nsAa izR;sd iz'u ds fy, 2 vad fu/kkZfjr gaSA
1- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dh laf/k dhft,%&
¼i½ xhr$voyh = xhrkoyh ¼ii½ izfr$varj = izR;arj
¼iii½ fo'o$,sD; = fo'oSD; ¼iv½ fir`$vuqefr = fi=uqefr
2- bu 'kCnksa dk laf/k&foPNsn dhft, %&
¼i½ i;qZ"k.k = ifj$m"k.k ¼ii½ Jko.k = JkS$vu
¼iii½ o/oFkZ = o/kw$vFkZ ¼iv½ uoks<+k = uo$Å<+k
3- fuEukafdr dh laf/k dhft,%&
¼i½ vgu~$jkf= = vgksjk= ¼ii½ j?kq$v = jk?ko
¼iii½ irr~$vatfy = iartfy ¼iv½ Hkwr$bd = HkkSfrd
4- bu milxksZa ds la;ksx ls nks&nks 'kCn dhf[k,%&
¼i½ vk = vkdaB] vkØe.k] vkxeu] vkxzg
¼ii½ mi = mipkj]mins'k] mifuos'k] miU;kl
5- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa esa ls milxZ o ewy 'kCn i`Fkd dhft, %&
¼i½ nqO;Zogkj = nqj~ $ O;ogkj ¼ii½ fujkdkj = fuj $ vkdkj
¼iii½ nq"Qy = nql~ $ Qy ¼iv½ vyadkj = vye~ $ dkj
6- bu izR;;ksa ds la;ksx ls nks&nks 'kCn cukb;s%&
¼i½ buh = deufyuh] Hkqtafxuh] okfguh] ljksftuh
¼ii½ bZyk = [kphZyk] xohZyk] tgjhyk] iFkjhyk
7- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls izR;; o ewy 'kCn i`Fkd dhft,%&
¼i½ vU;= = vU; $ = ¼ii½ neM+h = nke $ M+h
¼iii½ uSf"Bd = fu"Bk $ bd ¼iv½ HkkX;orh = HkkX;$ orh
8- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ds foykse fyf[k, %&
¼i½ mxz = lkSE; ¼ii½ mRFkku = iru
¼iii½ Ñ'k = iq"V@LFkwy ¼iv½ Øks/k = {kek
9- fuEukafdr 'kCnksa ds foykse 'kCn fyf[k,%&
¼i½ psruk = ewPNkZ ¼ii½ taxe = LFkkoj
¼iii½ r`".kk = for`i".kk ¼iv½ tkxzr = lq"kqIr@lqiz
-1-
10- fn, x, 'kCnksa ds nks&nks i;kZ;okph fyf[k, %&
¼i½ fdj.k = va'kq] dj] dyk] e;w[k] ejhfp] jf'e
¼ii½ xaxk = tguqru;k] tkg~uoh] f=iFkxk] nsounh] nsoixk] HkkxhjFkh] eankfduh
11- bu 'kCnksa ds nks&nks i;kZ;okph fyf[k, %&
¼i½ pk¡n = ve`rfu/kku] banq] dykukFk] {kikdj] panz] panzek] fu'kkdj] fu'kkukFk] e`xykaNu
¼iii½ iq#"kkFkZ = mn~;e] mn;ksx] mís';] iz;kstu
12- fuEukafdr 'kCn&;qXe dk vFkZ Hksn Li"V dhft, %&
¼i½ banq&banz = pUnzek&lqjifr
¼ii½ vkgwr&vkgqfr = cqyk;k x;k&gou esa lkexzh Mkyuk
13- fuEukafdr 'kCn&;qXeksa dk vFkZ Hksn Li"V dhft, %&
¼i½ dFkk& daFkk = dgkuh&xqnM+h ¼ii½ dkafr&dykafr = ped&FkdkoV
14- fuEufyf[kr okD;k'kksa ds fy, lkFkZd 'kCn fyf[k, %&
¼i½ tks lgu'khy u gks = vlfg".kq
¼ii½ iwoZ vkSj mRrj ds chp dh fn'kk = bZ'kku
15- bu okD;k'kksa ds fy, lkFkZd 'kCn fyf[k, %&
¼i½ lqcg dk Hkkstu = dysok
¼ii½ vius fy, fd, gq, midkj dks Hkqyk nsus okyk = Ñr?u
16- fuEukafdr okD;ksa ds 'kq) :i fyf[k,%&
¼i½ Hkkjr esa lc laiznk; vkSj tkfr ds yksx jgrs gSa = Hkkjr esa lc laiznk;ksa vkSj tkfr;ksa ds yksx jgrs gSaA
¼ii½ vktdy f'k{kk ij cM+k egRo fn;k tk jgk gS = vktdy f'k{kk dks cM+k egÙo fn;k tk jgk gSA
17- fuEUfyf[kr okD;ksa ds 'kq) :i fyf[k,%&
¼i½ ;g xzaFk fon~oÙkkiw.kZ fy[kk x;k gSA = ;g xzaFk fon~ork ls fy[kk x;k gS
¼ii½ izsepan Å¡ph Js.kh ds dgkuhdkj FksA = izsepan mPpdksfV ds dgkuhdkj FksA
18- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ds 'kq) :i fyf[k, %&
¼i½ xhrktayh =xhrkatfy ¼ii½ i{khx.k =if{kx.k ¼iii½ izfrfu/kh = izfrfuf/k ¼iv½ oqHkw{kk = cqHkq{kk ¼Hkw[k½
19- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ds 'kq) :i fyf[k, %&
¼i½ Jn~/kkeku~ = Jn~/kkoku~ ¼ii½ laxzghr = lax`ghr
¼iii½ llzq"kk = 'kqJ"w kk ¼iv½ lfe{kk = leh{kk
20- bu eqgkojksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djds vFkZ Li"V dhft, %&
¼i½ vk¡[ksa iFkjk tkuk = izrh{kk djrs&djrs vk¡[kksa dk Fkd tkuk
¼ii½ mYVh xaxk cgkuk = jhfr ls foijhr dk;Z djuk
21- fuEufyf[kr eqgkojksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djds vFkZ Li"V dhft,%&
¼i½ dkB dk mYyw = fuiV ew[kZ
¼ii½ fpduk ?kM+k gksuk = dqN Hkh vlj u gksuk
22- fuEukafdr yksdksfDr;ksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djds vFkZ Li"V dhft,%&
¼i½ ,d vukj lkS chekj = oLrq dh iwfrZ dh rqyuk esa ek¡x vf/kd
¼ii½ daxkyh esa vkVk xhyk = vHkko esa Hkh vHkko
23- fuEufyf[kr yksdksfDr;ksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djds vFkZ Li"V dhft, %&
¼i½ dk o"kkZ tc Ñf"k lq[kkus = gkfu gks pqdus ds ckn mipkj djus ls D;k ykHk
¼ii½ dkSvk pys gal dh pky = fdlh cqjs O;fDr }kjk vPNs O;ogkj dk fn[kkok djuk
24- fuEukafdr ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCnksa ds lekukFkZd fgUnh ikfjHkkf"kd fyf[k,%&
¼i½ DISPOSAL = fu"iknu] fuiVku] fuorZu] O;;u
¼ii½ EAR MARK = fpfUgr] mfN"V djuk
25- fuEukafdr ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCnksa ds lekukFkZd fgUnh ikfjHkkf"kd fyf[k,%&
¼i½ NODAL OFFICER = iz/kku vf/kdkjh] uksMy vf/kdkjh
¼ii½ FIRST INFORMATION REPORT (FIR) = izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ] izkFkfedh
-2-
¼ii½ PROCUREMENT = olwyh
¼ii½ PROCUREMENT = olwyh
 Part-B Marks :50
fuEufyf[kr çR;sd ç'u 10 vad dk gS
26- funs'kd] ek/;fed f'k{kk foHkkx chdkusj }kjk ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh Jh xaxkuxj dks ftys esa f'k{kdksa ds fjDr inksa dh
tkudkjh pkgus dk vuqLekjd Hksft,A
jktLFkku ljdkj
dk;kZy; funs'kd]
ek/;fed f'k{kk foHkkx] t;iqjA
i-Ø- 18 ¼27½@fuekf'kfo@LFkk@18@1276 fnukad% 30 twu] 2018
vuqLekjd
ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh]
Jh xaxkuxjA
fo"k; %& f'k{kdksa ds fjDr inkas ds fooj.k gsrqA
lanHkZ %& gekjk i= 18 ¼27½ @fuekf'kfo@LFkku@18@1250 fnukad 20 ebZ] 2018
egksn;]
vki bl fo"k; ij Hksts x, gekjs mi;qZDr i= dk voyksdu djsAa bldk mRrj vHkh rd izkIr ugha gqvk gSA f'k{kdksa
ds inksa dk fooj.k fo/kkulHkk ds vkxkeh l= esa izLrqr djuk gS] vr% mRrj vfoyEc fHktok,¡A
layXu %& mDr i= dh Nk;kizfr
Hkonh;
¼d[kx½
funs'kd ek/;fed
f'k{kk foHkkx chdkusjA
27- izeq[k jktLo lfpo] jktLo foHkkx] 'kklu lfpoky; t;iqj dh vksj ls Hkw&jktLo vf/kfu;e&1956 }kjk iznRr 'kfDr;ksa ds
LFkku ij Hkw&ukekarj.k laca/kh dk;Z rglhynkj ,oa uk;c rglhynkjksa ds {ks=kf/kdkj esa fd, tkus laca/kh vf/klwpuk tkjh dhft,A
jktLFkku ljdkj
jktLo foHkkx
'kklu lfpoky;
t;iqjA
i-Ø-&i- 4 ¼l½@jkfo@xqzi&5@vkKk@18@71 fnukad 21 vxLr 2018

vf/klwpuk
jktLFkku Hkw&jktLo vf/kfu;e 1956 ds }kjk iznRr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, jkT; ljdkj ,rn~ }kjk funsZ'k nsrh gS fd
mDr vf/kfu;e ds rgr ukekUrj.k ds ekeyksa esa fu.kZ;u dh 'kfDr dk iz;ksx xzke iapk;rksa ds LFkku ij leLr rglhnkj ,oa
uk;c rglhynkj }kjk muds {ks=kf/kdkj ds Hkhrj fd;k tk,xkA
;g vf/klwpuk fnukad 25 vxLr] 2018 ls 28 Qjojh] 2019 rd izHkkoh jgsxhA
vkKk ls jkT;iky
gLrk{kj
d][k]x
lfpo
fnukad % 21 vxLr] 2018
i-Ø- 4 ¼l½ jkfo@xzqi&5@vkKk@18@72@&78 izfrfyfi fuEufyf[kr dks lwpukFkZ ,oa vko';d dk;Zokgh gsrq izsf"kr&
1- futh lfpo] jkT;iky] jktLFkku ljdkj
2-futh lfpo] eq[;ea=h] jktLFkku ljdkj
3- futh lfpo] jktLo ea=h] jktLFkku ljdkj
4- fuca/kd] jktLo e.My vtesj
5- leLr ftyk dysDVj] jktLFkku ljdkj
6- eqnz.kky;] t;iqj dks jkti= esa izdk'kukFkZ
7- jf{kr i=koyh gLrk{kj
d][k]x
lfpo
-3-
28- fgUnh vuqokn dhft,A
Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru, as Prime Minister of India for seventeen years since the beginning of
Independence, Moulded the character of India which he sought and worked so hard to built. It is now
patent, he said that without science and technology we cannot pregress. So great was his zeal for science
and for the scientific approach to life that he missed no Opportunity of imparting his view to other. To
quote: "You know that whenever the chance offers itself I say something about the importance of science
and its offshoot itself I say something about the importance of science and its offshoot, technology. I
think, we should realise that modern life is an offspring of science and technology.
ns'k dh vktknh ls ysdj l=g o"kksZa rd ia- tokgjyky usg: Hkkjr ds iz/kkuea=h jgsA mUgksaus tSlk lkspk mlh fn'kk esa
Hkkjr ds Lo:i dks fufeZr djus dk vFkd ifjJe fd;kA mUgksaus ;g ckr Li"V :i esa dgh Fkh fd fcuk foKku rFkk
izkS|ksfxdh ds ge izxfr ugha dj ldrsA foKku rFkk thou ds izfr oSKkfud /kkj.kk ds fy, muds eu esa bruk cM+k
mRlkg Fkk fd mUgksaus vius fopkj nwljksa dks crkus dk dksbZ Hkh volj gkFk ls tkus ugha fn;kA muds fopkj ;gk¡ mn~/k`r
gSa] ^^vki tkurs gSa tc dHkh ,slk volj Lor% feyrk gS] esa foKku rFkk mldh iz'kk[kk izkS|ksfxdh ds egRo ds ckjs esa
vo'; dqN dgrk gw¡A esjs fopkj esa gesa bl ckr dk vuqHko djuk pkfg, fd vk/kqfud thou foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh dk
lqifj.kke gSA**
29- fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dk mfpr 'kh"kZd nsrs gq, yxHkx ,d&frgkbZ 'kCnksa esa laf{kIrhdj.k dhft,%&
^^lH;rk laLÑfr dh iz;ksx'kkyk gSA ge vius eu ds Hkhrj ls Hkhrjokyh rg esa tks lksprs gSa] ftl rjg ls lksprs gSa] og
gS laLÑfr vkSj mls tgk¡ vkSj ftl rjg vey esa ykrs gSa] og gS lH;rkA lH;rk dk eksVk&eksVk vFkZ gS& lH; yksxksa ds
jgus&lgus] feyus&tqyus] ckr&O;ogkj djus dk <axA lH; 'kCn dk Hkko gS fd tks pkj vknfe;ksa esa] lekt esa] lHkk esa
Hkyk gSA la{ksi es]a O;fDr vkSj lekt dks tksMu+ s okyh in~/kfr] dyk vkSj rjhds dk uke lH;rk gS vkSj D;kasfd euq";
igys&igy ?kj ls ckgj fudydj vius ikl&iM+ksl esa gh feyrk&tqyrk gS] blhfy, eSa dg jgk gw¡ fd lH;rk dh
ikB'kkyk gS& iM+ksl vkSj lH;rk dh igyh lh<+h gS & iM+kslA^^
mÙkj& lH;rkA lH;rk laLÑfr dh iz;ksx'kkyk gSA lkspuk laLÑfr gS vkSj mldk vey lH;rkA lHkk esa Hkyk lH; gS
rFkk lH;ksa dk O;ogkj gS lH;rkA O;fDr vkSj lekt dks tksM+usokyh in~/kfr lH;rk gSA lH;rk dh igyh ikB'kkyk vkSj
lh<+h iM+kls gSA
30- fuEufyf[kr dFku dk Hkko foLrkj fyf[k,% ¼'kCn lhek : yxHkx 100 'kCn½
^fo'okl ik= fe= thou dh vkS"kf/k gSA ^
mÙkj& ftl izdkj vkS"kf/k ej.kklUu O;fDr dks Hkh ladV ls mckj ysrh gS] lkekU; fe= rks 'kk;n ugha fdUrq mlh izdkj
,d fo'oklik= fe= O;fDr dks mlds thou&ladV ls ckgj dj ysrk gSA fo'oklik= fe= gekjk cM+k fgrS"kh gksrk gS]
blhfy, og gekjs thou esa le;&le; ij iSnk gksus okyh #X.krkvksa dks nwj djus esa] ekxZ dh ck/kkvksa dks gVkus esa
lgk;rk djrk gSA og gekjh rc enn djrk gS tc ge thou ds fdlh xgjs ladV ls xqtj jgs gksrs gSa] og
ru&eu&/ku ls tqVrk gS vkSj thou ds ladV ls mckj ysrk gSA fe= esa fgrS"kh Hkko gksrk gS blhfy, og gekjs thou ds
jksx dks ns[kdj vkS"kf/k dh rjg dVq lykg Hkh nsrk gSA og gekjs nks"kksa dks ysdj gekjk fuand Hkh gksrk gS rkfd ge
funksZ"k cusAa blhfy, ,d fo'oklik= fe= gekjs fy, ,d vPNh vkS"kf/k dh Hkwfedk vnk dj gekjs thou dks LoLFk j[krk
gSA
Part - C Marks : 20
31- fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fuca/k fyf[k,A ¼'kCn lhek yxHkx 250 'kCn½
dksjksuk ok;jl egkekjh % nqfu;k ds fy, ,d lcd
fo'o LokLF; laxBu }kjk 11 ekpZ] 2020 dks dksjksuk ok;jl ¼dksfoM&19½ dks oSf'od egkekjh ?kksf"kr fd;k] tks orZeku dh lcls
cM+h pqukSrh gSA bldh mRifÙk fnlEcj] 2019 esa phu ds oqgku 'kgj ls gqbZA bl ok;jl dk izHkko v.VkdZfVdk egk}hi dks NksM+dj
fo'o ds lHkh egk}hiksa ij ik;k x;k gS] lEiw.kZ fo'o bl ok;jl ls laØfer gSA ;g ,d O;fDr ls nwljs O;fDr esa QSyrk gS]
blfy, lHkh Lrjksa ij yksx izHkkfor gSaA bruk gh ugha U;w;kWdZ] cfyZu] jkse] isfjl] eSfMªM rFkk eqEcbZ tSls egkuxj vf/kd izHkkfor
ik, x, gSa vFkkZr~ fodkl'khy ns'kksa dh vis{kk fodflr ns'k vf/kd izHkkfor gq, gSaA bls tSfod okj ;k tSo vkradokn Hkh dgk x;k
gSA ;g izHkko gesa dqN lcd fl[kkrk gS] rkfd Hkfo"; esa ,slh egkekjh rFkk ekuo thou dh lqj{kk gsrq ge ltx gks lds]a gkyk¡fd
fo'o ds lHkh ns'k vius Lrj ij iz;kljr~ gSaA

-4-
dksfoM&19 egkekjh &
1- dksfoM&19] dksjksuk ok;jl ls gksus okyh ,d laØked chekjh gS] ftls lklZ ,E;wV 'olu flaMªkse dksjksuk ok;jl&2 ¼SARS-
COV-2½ ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
2- phu ds oqgku 'kgj ls 'kq: gqbZ bl chekjh us vkt iwjs fo'o dks viuh pisV esa ys fy;k gSA
3- dksjksuk ok;jl] ok;jl dk ,d cM+k ifjokj gS] tks euq"; ;k tkuojksa esa chekjh dk dkjd curk gSA
4- dksjksuk ok;jl] euq"; eas 'olu ra= ds laØe.k ls QSyrk gS] tks e/;iwoZ 'olu flaMªkse ¼MERS½ ls vf/kd ?kkrd jksx gksrk gSA
5- dksfoM&19 jksx dk dkjd uksosy dksjksuk ok;jl ¼SARS-COV-2½ gS] ftldh gky esa [kkst dh xbZA blls iwoZ ;g dHkh euq";ksa
esa ugha ik;k x;k gSA
dkj.k
1- dksjksuk ok;jl dks pexknM+ ,oa iSaxksfyu dh ,d iztkfr ls lacaf/kr ekuk tkrk gSA
2- ;g jksx [kk¡lh ;k Nhad vkus ij ukd ;k eq[k ls fudys rjy inkFkZ dh NksVh ls NksVh cw¡nksa ds ek/;e ls ,d O;fDr ls nwljs
O;fDr esa QSyrk gSA
3- ;g jksx fdlh laØfer O;fDRk ds [kk¡lus ;k Nhadus ls gok eas QSyrk gSA ukd ;k eq[k ls fudys rjy inkFkZ cw¡nksa ds :i esa ;fn
fdlh lrg ij fVds jgrs gSa rks ml lrg dks Li'kZ djus ds ckn ;fn O;fDr vius eq[k ;k ukd dks Nwrk gS rks ;g jksx ml O;fDr
rd igq¡p tkrk gSA
y{k.k
dksfoM&19 chekjh ds y{k.k 5&14 fnu esa Li"V gksrs gSaA rst cq[kkj] dQ vkSj lw[kh [kk¡lh] lk¡l ysus esa leL;k] ¶yw&dksYM tSls
y{k.k]Mk;fj;k vkSj mYVh]lw¡?kus vkSj Lokn dh {kerk esa deh]ukd can]fljnnZ]nLr]Ropk ij nkus vkfn bl chekjh ds izeq[k y{k.k gSA
mipkj
dksfoM&19 ds fy, dksbZ fof'k"V mipkj] nokb;k¡ ;k Vhds miyC/k ugha gSaA mipkj gsrq lcls mi;qDr mik;&vkjke djuk] rjy is;
inkFkZ ysuk] le;&le; ij LoLFk vkgkj vkSj mfpr rFkk i;kZIr uhan ysuk gSA
dksfoM&19 dk lkeuk djus esa Hkkjr fdruk l{ke \
Hkkjr esa Hkh dksjksuk ok;jl dk laØe.k yxkrkj c<+ jgk gS] gkyk¡fd blds fy, jkT; ljdkjksa us vius Lrjksas ij tk¡p dk nk;jk
c<+k;k gS] daVsuesaV tksu cukdj tk¡p dh gSA blds vfrfjDr vU; mik;( tSls&tkx:drk c<+kdj fu;a=.k djus dk iz;kl fd;k
gSA blds vfrfjDr iz/kkuea=h }kjk ns'kO;kih ykWdMkmu djds ok;jl ds lapj.k rFkk ok;jl ds Ük`a[kyk dh dM+h dks rksM+us dk
iz;kl fd;k x;kA Hkkjr }kjk fd, x, dqN vU; izeq[k mik; bl izdkj gSaA
1- d.Vsues.V tksu dk fu/kkZj.k & jkT; ljdkjksa }kjk laØe.k okys {ks= dks d.Vsues.V tksu cukdj laØfer yksxksa dh tk¡p] lEidZ
ds O;fDr dh Vªsflax djds] tkx:drk vfHk;ku dks pykdj] lks'ky fMLVsfUlax] gkFk dh lQkbZ tSls dk;Z dks ftyk Lrj ij fd;k
x;kA bldk fu/kkZj.k eq[;r% ftyk Lrjksa ij fd;k x;kA
2- gkWVLikWV dsUnz cukuk & dsUnz rFkk jkT; ljdkjksa us feydj NksVs Lrj ij laØe.k okys {ks=ksa dks gkWVLikWV ?kksf"kr fd;kA blds
i'pkr~ ml {ks= dks iwjh rjg lhy djds tk¡p dh la[;k dks c<+k;k x;k] rkfd laØe.k ds izlkj dks QSyus ls iwjh rjg jksdk tk
ldsA
3- tkx:drk ,si & dksjksuk ok;jl ds laØe.k] cpko o y{k.k laca/kh tkudkfj;ksa dks nsus rFkk yksxksa dks lqjf{kr djus gsrq dsUnz
rFkk jkT; ljdkj nksukas ds }kjk eksckby ,si ;k ,fIyds'ku dks ykWUp fd;k x;k] tks bl izdkj gSa
i. vkjksX; lsrq ;g dksjksuk ok;jl Vªsfdax ,si gSA ;g laØe.k {ks= o O;fDr ds lEidZ dks thih,l ,oa CywVwFk ds ek/;e ls Vªsd
djrk gSA
ii. pSVcksV iz/kkuea=h us okV~lvi pSVcksV ls tqM+us dh ?kks"k.kk dh Fkh] rkfd dksjksuk ok;jl ls lacaf/kr yksxksa ds iz'u dk lek/kku
fd;k tk ldsA
iii. dksfoM&19 yksdsVj ,si & xksok ljdkj us bls ykWUp fd;k gS] tks DokjaVkbu gq, yksxksa ij utj j[krk gSA gkyk¡fd ;gk¡ ,d
vkSj ^ftLV ;ksjlsYQ xksok* ,si Hkh cuk;k x;k gSA
iv. dksok ¼COVA½ iatkc ,si & iatkc ljdkj us dksjksuk ok;jl ls cjrh tkus okyh lko/kkfu;ksa ls yksxksa dks tkx:d djus gsrq
bl ,si dks ykWUp fd;k gSA
v. Gok Direct ,si ;g dsjy ljdkj }kjk dksjksuk ok;jl egkekjh ls yksxksa dks tkx:d djus gsrq ykWUp fd;k x;k gSA
vi. vkiwfrZ lqfo/kk ,si ¼Apurti Suvidha App½ uks,Mk izkf/kdj.k us yksxksa rd vko';d oLrqvksa dks igq¡pkus gsrq bl ^vkiwfrZ
lqfo/kk ,sIi* dks ykWUp fd;k gSA
dksfoM&19 dk oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ij izHkko
dksjksuk egkekjh us lEiw.kZ fo'o dks vkfFkZd eanh dh fLFkfr ij yk [kM+k dj fn;k gSA vr% fodkl nj] vk;kr&fu;kZr lao`f) nj]
lsok] [kuu vkfn {ks=ksa esa Hkkjh fxjkoV dh lEHkkouk gSA ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad ds vuqlkj oSf'od thMhih dk
4-7 izfr'kr ls 6-4 izfr'kr rd ds uqdlku dk vuqeku gS] ogha fo'o cSad ds vuqlkj 2-4 izfr'kr] varjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk dks"k ds vuqlkj
6-3 izfr'kr dh deh dk vuqeku yxk;k x;k gSA fo'o O;kikj laxBu dh csl ykbu us Hkkjh fxjkoV dh lEHkkouk O;Dr dh gSA
blds izHkko ls rsy dk ewY; uhps fxj x;k] oSf'od m|ksx txr iwjh rjg izHkkfor gqvk gSA blls csjkstxkjh dh Hkh cM+h leL;k
mRiUu gksxhA vesfjdk tSls ns'kksa us cM+s Lrj ij csjkstxkjh HkRrs dh ?kks"k.kk Hkh dh gSA vr% oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk cM+s Lrj ij izHkkfor
gqbZ gSA
-5-
WHO dh fjiksVZ &
dksjksuk ok;jl dks oSf'od egkekjh ?kksf"kr djrs gq, MCY;w,pvks us nqfu;k dks vkxkg fd;k gS fd ;g egkekjh flQZ ykWdMkmu ls
ugha [kRe gksus okyh gS] cfYd tks yksx ihfM+r gSa mUgsa <w¡<k tk, vkSj fuxjkuh esa j[kk tk, rHkh bls jksduk lEHko gSA
1- bl chekjh dh xEHkhjrk dks ns[krs gq, MCY;w,pvks us ;g Hkh dgk gS fd gks ldrk gS ;g ok;jl dHkh [kRe u gks A MCY;w,pvks us
gok esa Hkh bl ok;jl ds laØe.k dks Lohdkj fd;k gSA
2- dksjksuk ok;jl ds lEc/k esa WHO us Hkkjr dh fLFkfr ij larks"k O;Dr djrs gq, dgk gS fd ;|fi Hkkjr esa ekeys c<+ jgs gSa
ij e`R;q nj vU; ns'kksa ds eqdkcys de gSA
3- fdUrq WHO us ;g Hkh dgk gS fd Hkkjr esa vHkh ekeys vkSj Hkh c<+ax s sA
Hkkjr ij izHkko
dksjksuk us Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks Hkh izHkkfor fd;k gS] gkyk¡fd Hkkjr dh fodkl nj dksjksuk iwoZ ls gh de vk¡dh tk jgh FkhA bl
nkSjku la;qDr jk"Vª dh ,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj dksfoM&19 ls Hkkjr ds O;kikj ij 350 fefy;u MkWyj dk izfrdwy izHkko iM+x s kA
vf[ky Hkkjrh; ykWdMkmu ls vkS|ksfxd mRiknu] ?kjsyw O;kikj] i;ZVu m|ksx vkfn cqjh rjg ls izHkkfor gSaA vr% csjkstxkjh dh nj
Hkh c<+ xbZ gSA
i;kZoj.k ij ldkjkRed izHkko
jk"VªO;kih ykWdMkmu ds dkj.k ns'k ds 1-3 fcfy;u yksx i;kZoj.k dks iznwf"kr djus okyh xfrfof/k;ksa ls nwj jgsA blls i;kZoj.k
iznwf"kr gksus ls cpk rFkk vkleku lkQ jgk] 'kq) gok feyh rFkk unh ra= Hkh LoPN gq,A xaxk] ;ewuk ufn;k¡] ftldh lQkbZ dh
ges'kk fpUrk jgrh gS] ;g egkekjh bu rU=ksa dks dkQh gn rd lkQ o LoPN djus esa lgk;d fl) gqbZ gSA bruk gh ugha oYMZ
,;j DokfyVh ds vuqlkj ok;qe.My esa 2-5 ikfVZdy d.k ¼PM-2.5½ dk ?kuRo yxHkx 80 izfr'kr de gqvk gSA bl izdkj ;g
oSf'od i;kZoj.k dks LoPN djus esa lgk;d fl) gqbZ gSA
nqfu;k ds fy, ,d lcd
dksjksuk ok;jl egkekjh ds nkSjku geus cgqr dqN lh[kk gS( tSls&lrr~ fodkl ekWMy] fnup;kZ esa cnyko ,oa vU; lcd] tks vkus
okys Hkfo"; eas ,slh vkinkvksa ls cpk ldsxkA dqN egÙoiw.kZ lcd izeq[k gSaA
1- bl egkekjh us lhfer lalk/kuks eas thus dh dyk dks fl[kk fn;kA bl egkekjh ds nkSjku oSf'od vkfFkZd xfrfof/k;k¡ Bi gks xbZa]
yksxksa dks vius HkkSfrd lalk/kuksa esa dVkSrh djuh iM+h rFkk cgqr fu;fU=r rjhds ls thou ;kiu djuk iM+kA
2- egkekjh us gesa ;g Hkh lcd fl[kk;k gS fd gesa LokLF; dks vkfFkZd fodkl ij izkFkfedrk nsuh pkfg,A gekjh f'k{kk O;oLFkk dks
mu eqíksa ij dsfUnzr gksuk pkfg,] tks ekuo tkfr ds lqjf{kr jgus ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gSa] ctk; vkfFkZd lQyrk dsA tc izÑfr
cpsxh] rHkh ekuork cpsxhA
3- bl egkekjh us ;g Hkh fl[kk;k gS fd gesa i;kZoj.k laj{k.k esa ^xzhu* dS fj;j dks vkd"kZd cukus dh t:jr gS] rkfd bl lsDVj esa
;qok izfrHkkvksa dks vkdf"kZr fd;k tk ldsA
4- dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds nkSjku fo'o esa cM+s Lrj ij LokLF; lqfo/kk ,oa {kerk dh deh ikbZ xbZ] tks fo'o ds lHkh ns'kksa ds lkeus
cM+h pqukSrh gSA
5- dksfoM&19 us ;g fl) dj fn;k fd vk/kqfud ;qx esa LokLF; ls.Vj rd igq¡pus rFkk tkudkjh ysus esa b.VjusV dkQh lQy gSA
yksx vius ikjEifjd byktksa ls Hkh LokLF; dks c<+kok nsus dks izsfjr djrk gSA
cpko ds mik;
 lks'ky fMLVsfUlax vkSj LoPNrk dk ikyu djds gh bl ok;jl ds izdksi ls cpk tk ldrk gSA
 tc Hkh dgha ckgj ls vk,] rks rqjUr gkFkksa dks gS.M okW'k djsa] lkcqu ls /kks,¡A
 dksf'k'k djsa fd u rks fdlh ls gkFk feyk, vkSj u gh fdlh ds cgqr utnhd tk,¡A
 ckgj fudyus ij mRre DokfyVh dk ekLd vkSj gS.M XyOl t:j igusAa
 ?kj esa lkQ&lQkbZ dk fo'ks"k /;ku nsAa
 le;&le; ij lSuVs kbtj dk mi;ksx djsaA
 HkhM+&HkkM+ okyh txgksa ij tkus ls cpsaA
 [kku&iku dh oLrqvksa dks vPNs ls lkQ djds gh [kk,¡A
 xquxquk ikuh fi,¡A
 ykWdMkmu dk iw.kZr;k ikyu djsAa
 vius 'kjhj ds rkieku rFkk 'olu y{k.kksa dh fu;fer :i ls tk¡p djsaA
fu"d"kZ
bl izdkj] dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds nkSjku mRiUu izeq[k leL;kvkas ls lcd lh[krs gq, oSf'od egk'kfDr;ksa dks lalk/kuksa dk b"Vre
iz;ksx djuk gksxkA viuh vknrksa o 'kgjhdj.k] uxjhdj.k] vkS|ksxhdj.k] oS'ohdj.k o fpfdRlk tSls vk/kkjHkwr <k¡ ps ds fodkl dks
u;k :i nsuk gksxkA oSf'od lkewfgd dk;Zokgh dks vatke nsuk gksxk] rHkh ge Hkfo"; esa ,slh egkekfj;ksa dk lkeuk djus gsrq rS;kj
gks ik,¡xAsa

-6-
 2- Hkz"Vkpkj % pqukSfr;k¡ ,oa lek/kkuA
Hkz"Vkpkj ,d cgqvk;keh /kkj.kk gSA lkekU; 'kCnksa esa Hkz"Vkpkj dks cqjk ;k fcxM+s gq, vkpj.k ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA oSlk vkpj.k]
tks vuSfgd vkSj vuqfpr gksA lekt foKkfu;ksa ds vuqlkj Hkz"Vkpkj esa /ku dh mifLFkfr vkSj lkoZtfud in dk nq:i;ksx ;kuh
futh ykHk ds fy, lkoZtfud 'kfDr dk iz;ksx djuk] ftlls dkuwu Hkax gksrk gks ;k lekt ds ekun.Mksa dk fopyu gksrk gks] mls
Hkz"Vkpkj dgrs gSaA ijh{kk esa f'k{kd }kjk udy djokuk] feykoV ;k udyh nokb;k¡ cspuk] fu.kZ; ysus esa nsjh ;k vkukdkuh djuk]
drZO; rFkk mRrjnkf;Ro dks vf/kdkj ds :i esa inf'kZr djuk] ngst ysuk rFkk tkfr&iaFk&xks=&fyax ;k oa'k ds vk/kkj ij i{kikr
djuk bR;kfn Hkz"Vkpkj ds gh mnkgj.k gSaA
vktkn Hkkjr esa Hkz"Vkpkj nhed dh Hkk¡fr Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks [kks[kyk cuk jgk gSA vkt thou] lekt vkSj ljdkj dk dksbZ
,slk {ks= ugha cpk gS] tgk¡ Hkz"Vkpkj dk cksyckyk u gksA laln ls lM+d rFkk eafnj ls n¶rj rd] vke vkneh ls [kkl rd]
ftldks tgk¡ Hkh volj fey jgk gS] ywVus esa yxs gSaA
pqukSfr;k¡ &
1- Hkz"Vkpkj ,d fo'oO;kih vo/kkj.kk gSA ;g vR;Ur izkphudky ls gh izR;sd lekt esa fdlh&u&fdlh :i esa fo|eku jgk gSA
2- izkphu felz] ;wuku] cschyksfu;k vkSj jkseu lektksa esa U;k;k/kh'kksa ,oa jkT;kf/kdkfj;ksa dks fj'or nh tkrh FkhA e/;dky esa jkseu
dSFkksfyd ppZ }kjk vuqxzg dk 'kqYd ysus dh izFkk dks ekfVZu ywFkj fdax }kjk Hkz"Vkpkj dh laKk nh xbZ FkhA
3- Hkkjr esa izkphudky esa dkSfVY; us Hkh vius vFkZ'kkL= eas 50 izdkj ds xcu vkSj Hkz"V rjhdksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA e/;dky eas
vykmíhu f[kyth] eksgEen fcu rqxyd vkSj vkSjx a tsc }kjk fj'or jksdus ds vusd mik;ksa dk ftØ feyrk gSA
4- vk/kqfud fczfV'k dky eas rks iwjh&dh&iwjh ^Mªus vkWQ osYFk* F;ksjh gh Hkz"Vkpkj dk uk;kc uewuk is'k djrh FkhA ;gk¡ iqfyl]
ljdkjh vf/kdkjh] U;k;k/kh'k ;k O;kikjh dh rks ckr gh vyx FkhA Dykbo vkSj okjsu gsfLaVXl tSls xouZj&tujy Hkh brus Hkz"V Fks
fd buds ns'k okilh ij buds Åij eqdnek pykA
5- vkxs pydj izFke vkSj f}rh; fo'o;q) ds nkSjku yxk, x, izfrca/kks]a fu;a=.kksa ,oa l[rh us ,slk vHkko iSnk fd;k fd fj'or]
i{kikr vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj ds fy, LFkku curk pyk x;kA ;|fi vke Hkkjrh; turk vHkh Hkh mruk Hkz"V ugha FkhA
6- blh chp jktuSfrd iVy ij xk¡/khth /kqzo rkjs dh Hkkafr vorfjr gq,] ftUgksua s ,d ckj fQj ls LoPN vkn'kZ vkSj
Hkkjrh; uSfrd ewY;ksa dh iquLFkkZiuk dhA ;|fi xk¡/khth dk ;g vkn'kZ mPp jktuSfrd vfHktkR; oxksZa esa yxHkx rhu pqukoksa rd
dk;e jgk] ysfdu 1970 ds n'kd esa blesa Hkkjh fxjkoV ntZ gqbZA
7- bafnjk xka/kh ds 'kkludky ls tks laLFkkxr jktuSfrd Hkz"Vkpkj dk vkxkt gqvk] og yxHkx 25 djksM+ #i;s ds ?kksVkyksa ds
ckotwn vkt Hkh tkjh gSA
8- o"kZ 1991 esa Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks mnkjhdj.k ,oa oS'ohdj.k ds fo'oO;kih jktuhfr&vFkZ'kkL= ls tksM+k x;kA rc rd lksf o;r
la?k dk lkE;oknh egkla?k ds :i eas fc[kjko gks pqdk FkkA iwohZ ;wjksi ds vf/kdka'k ns'k iw¡thoknh fo'o O;oLFkk ds vax cuus dh
izfØ;k eas izlo ihM+k ls xqtj jgs FksA lkE;oknh phu cktkjksUeq[kh iw¡thoknh vkS|ksxhdj.k ds jkLrs fodkl dk u;k ekWMy cu pqdk
FkkA
9- igys Hkz"Vkpkj ds fy, ijfeV&ykblasl jkt dks nks"k fn;k tkrk Fkk] ij tc ls ns'k esa oS'ohdj.k] futhdj.k] mnkjhdj.k]
fons'khdj.k] cktkjhdj.k ,oa fofu;eu dh uhfr;k¡ vkbZ gSa] rc ls ?kksVkyksa dh ck<+ vk xbZ gSA bUgha ds ckn cktkjokn] Hkksxokn]
foykflrk rFkk miHkksDrk laLÑfr dk Hkh tcjnLr foLrkj 'kq: gqvk gSA
Hkz"Vkpkj vkdyu
fofHkUu jk"Vªksa esa O;kIr Hkz"Vkpkj dk vkdyu djus gsrq o"kZ 1993 esa teZuh esa Lora= varjkZ"Vªh; laLFkk Vªkalisjl
sa h b.Vjus' kuy dh
LFkkiuk dh xbZA bl xSj&ljdkjh laLFkk ds }kjk ^djI'ku ijlsI'ku b.MsDl ¼CPI½* ds vk/kkj ij o"kZ 1995 ls Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys
esa fofHkUu ns'kksa dh lwph tkjh dh tk jgh gSA
;g lwpdkad nqfu;kHkj ds ns'kksa vkSj {ks=ksa dh jSfdax ds vk/kkj ij Hkz"Vkpkj ds lkis{k ,d okf"kZd fjiksVZ iznku djrk gSA jSa fdax ds
bl lwpdkad esa 0 ls 100 ds iSekus dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] ftlesa 'kwU; ¼0½ vR;f/kd Hkz"V fLFkfr dks n'kkZrk gS rFkk 100
Hkz"Vkpkj eqDr fLFkfr dks n'kkZrk gSA bl lwpdkad ds varxZr 13 vyx&vyx MsVk lzksrksa dk mi;ksx djds vkdyu fd;k tkrkA
bl laLFkk }kjk tuojh] 2020 esa 180 ns'kksa dk Hkz"Vkpkj cks/k lwpdkad] 2019 tkjh fd;k x;k] ftlesa MsuekdZ 87 Ldksj ds lkFk 'kh"kZ
ij gS] tks fo'o dk lcls Hkz"Vkpkj eqDr ns'k gS rFkk Hkkjr 41 Ldksj ds lkFk 80 oas LFkku ij gSA lksekfy;k fo'o dk lcls Hkz"V
ns'k gSA
blh izdkj djI'ku ijlsI'ku b.MsDl&2018 ds vuqlkj] tgk¡ MsuekdZ lcls de Hkz"V Fkk] ogha mRrjh dksfj;k lokZf/kd Hkz"V Fkk rFkk
Hkkjr 41 vad gkfly dj 180 ns'kksa dh lwph esa 78 oka LFkku ij jgkA ogha blls iwoZ o"kZ 2017 esa og 40 vadksa ds lkFk 81 osa LFkku
ij FkkA
Hkz"Vkpkj ds Lo:i] dkj.k rFkk izHkko
lekt esa Hkz"Vkpkj vusd Lo:iksa esa QSyk gqvk gSA buesa ls ize[q k gSa & fj'or] HkkbZ&Hkrhtkokn] laj{k.k] i{kikr] fj'or nsus okys ds
i{k eas voS/k csbekuh ls ;qDr dk;Z djus ds fy, udn ;k oLrq ;k migkj fy;k tkuk] lacaf/k;ksa dks vuko';d i{kikr }kjk laj{k.k
iznku djuk] nwljs ds /ku dks vius iz;ksx esa ykuk] i{kikr djuk vkfnA lkekftd fo'ys"k.k ds vuqlkj lkekftd ca/ku vkSj
ukrsnkjh Hkz"Vkpkj esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA ukrsnkjh o tkfrxr fu"Bk,¡ lkoZtfud lsodksa ds efLr"d esa igys ls gh jgrh gSaA
os bls ^fopyu* ;k Hkz"Vkpkj ugha] cfYd ,d ikfjokfjd nkf;Ro ekurs gSaA
vkt gekjs ns'k esa /keZ] f'k{kk] jktuhfr] iz'kklu] dyk] euksjatu] [ksydwn bR;kfn lHkh {ks=ksa esa Hkz"Vkpkj us vius ik¡o QSyk fn, gSaA
lkekU;r% Hkkjr esa Hkz"Vkpkj ds fuEu dkj.k gS &
-7-
1- /ku dh ykylk us vkt vkfFkZd {ks= esa dkykcktkjh] equkQk[kksjh] fj'or[kksjh vkfn dks c<+kok fn;k gSA
2- ukSdjh&is'kk okyk O;fDr vius lsok dky esa bruk /ku vftZr dj ysuk pkgrk gS] ftlls lsokfuo`fr ds ckn dk mldk thou
lq[kiwoZd O;rhr gks ldsA
3- O;kikjh oxZ lksprk gS fd tkus dc ?kkVs dh fLFkfr vk tk,] blfy, tSls Hkh gks mfpr&vuqfpr rjhds ls vf/kd&ls&vf/kd /ku
dek fy;k tk,A
4- vkS|ksxhdj.k us vusd foykflrk dh oLrqvksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k gSA budks lhfer vk; esa izkIr djuk lcds fy, lEHko ugha gksrkA
budh izkfIr ds fy, Hkh vf/kdrj yksx Hk"Vªkpkj dh vksj mUeq[k gksrs gSaA
5- dHkh&dHkh ofj"B vf/kdkfj;ksa ds Hkz"Vkpkj esa fyIr gksus ds dkj.k Hkh dfu"B vf/kdkjh ;k rks viuh HkykbZ ds fy, bldk fojks/k
ugha djrs ;k u pkgrs gq, Hkh vuqfpr dk;ksaZ esa fyIr gksus dks foo'k gks tkrs gSaA
bu lcds vfrfjDr xjhch] csjkstxkjh] ljdkjh dk;ksZa dk foLr`r {ks=] eg¡xkbZ] ukSdj'kkgh dk foLrkj ykyQhrk'kkgh] vYi osru]
iz'kklfud mnklhurk] Hkz"Vkpkj esa c<+ksrjh gqbZ gSA iwoZ iz/kkuea=h Jherh bfUnjk xka/kh us ,d ckj dgk Fkk ^^mu eaf=;ksa ls lko/kku
jguk pkfg,] tks fcuk iSls ds dqN ugha dj ldrs vkSj muls Hkh] tks iSls ysdj dqN Hkh djus dh bPNk j[krs gSAa **
Hkz"Vkpkj dh otg ls tgk¡ yksxksa dk uSfrd ,oa pkfjf=d iru gqvk gS] ogha nwljh vksj ns'k dks vkfFkZd {kfr Hkh mBkuh iM+rh gSA
vkt Hkz"Vkpkj ds QyLo:i vf/kdkjh ,oa O;kikjh oxZ ds ikl dkyk /ku vR;f/kd ek=k esa ,d= gks x;k gSA bl dkys /ku ds
dkj.k gh vuSfrd O;ogkj] e|iku] os'oko`fr] rLdjh ,oa vU; vijk/kksa esa lrr o`f) gqbZ gSA Hkz"Vkpkj ds dkj.k yksxksa esa vius
mRrjnkf;Ro ls Hkkxus dh izo`fRr c<+h gSA orZeku le; esa ns'k esa lkeqnkf;d fgrksa dks egRo fn;k tk jgk gSA
lEiw.kZ lekt Hkz"Vkpkj dh fxj¶r esa gSA ljdkjh dk;kZy; Hkz"Vkpkj ds dsUnz cu pqds gSaA jktuhfrd fLFkjrk ,oa ,drk [krjs esa gS A
fu;e ,oa dkuwuksa dh vogsyuk lkekU; ckr gks xbZ gSA Hkz"Vkpkj ds dkj.k vkt ns'k dh lqj{kk [krjs esa iM+ xbZ gSA yksx iSlksa ds
ykyp esa ns'k dh lqj{kk dks [krjs esa Mkyus dks rS;kj gSaA lsuk laca/kh xksiuh; nLrkostksa dks nwljs ns'kksa dks miyC/k djk fn;k tkrk
gSA vr% vc ;g vR;Ur vko';d gks x;k gS fd Hkz"Vkpkj ij tYn&ls&tYn yxke tk,A blds fy, gesa csl ekFkjlu dh dgh
xbZ iafDr ls iszj.kk ysus dh vko';drk gS fd ^Hkz"Vkpkj ds vijk/k dk lg&vijk/kh vdlj gekjh Lo;a dh mnklhurk gksrh gSA*
lek/kku
Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa ds fy, Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk dk izko/kku gS rFkk le;&le; ij Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k ds fy, lfefr;k¡ Hkh xfBr gqbZ
gSa vkSj bl leL;k ds fuokj.k gsrq Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kd dkuwu Hkh ikfjr fd;k tk pqdk gS] fQj Hkh vc rd bl ij fu;a=.k
LFkkfir ugha fd;k tk ldk gSA Lora=rk ds ckn ls vc rd ns'k esa gq, vusd ?kksVkys Hkz"Vkpkj ds mnkgj.k gSa] ftlesa izeq[k
gSa & o"kZ 1948 dk thi ?kksVkyk] 1971 dk ukxjokyk ?kksVkyk] 1986 dk cksQkslZ ?kksVkyk ¼1987½] pkjk ?kksVkyk ¼1996½] dks;yk
?kksVkyk ¼2006&09½] Vw&th LisDVªe ?kksVkyk ¼2009&10½] dkWeu osYFk ?kksVkyk ¼2010½]
lgkjk ?kksVkyk ¼2012½] fot; ekY;k ?kksVkyk ¼2014&15½] ih,uch ?kksVkyk ¼2018½ vkfnA
Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k gsrq ljdkj us o"kZ 1964 esa pkj foHkkxksa dh LFkkiuk dh] tks gSa &dkfeZd ,oa izf'k{k.k foHkkx esa
iz'kklfud lrdZrk foHkkx] dsUnzh; vUos"k.k C;wjks ¼CBI½] jk"Vªh;Ñr cSadks@ a lkoZtfud miØeksa@ eU=ky;ks@ a foHkkxksa esa
?kjsyw@lrdZrk bdkb;k¡ rFkk dsUnzh; lrdZrk vk;ksxA blds vfrfjDr jk"Vªh; U;kf;d ifj"kn~ dk xBu Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj dks jksdus
gsrq fd;k x;k gSA Hkz"Vkpkj ds fuokj.k gsrq yksdiky laLFkk dk xBu Hkh fd;k tk pqdk gSA tfLVl ih-lh-?kks"k dks bl laLFkk
dk izeq[k fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA bu lHkh ckrksa ds vfrfjDr Hkz"Vkpkj dh leL;k ds lek/kku gsrq fuEu ckrksa dk ikyu Hkh
vko';d gSA
1- lcls igys blds dkj.kksa( tSls & xjhch] csjkstkxkjh] fiNM+kiu vkfn dks nwj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
2- lwpuk ds vf/kdkj dk iz;ksx dj fofHkUu ;kstukvksa ij turk dh fuxjkuh Hkz"Vkpkj dks feVkus esa dkjxkj fl) gksxhA blds
dbZ mnkgj.k gky gh esa fey pqds gSaA
3- Hkz"V vf/kdkfj;kas dks ltk fnyokus ds fy, n.M izfØ;k ,oa n.M lafgrk esa la'kks/ku dj dkuwu dks vkSj dBksj cuk, tkus
dh vko'drk gSA
4- thou&ewY;ksa dh igpku djkdj yksxksa dks uSfrd xq.kks]a pfj= ,oa O;kikfjd vkn'kksZa dh f'k{kk ds }kjk Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj dks dkQh
gn rd de fd;k tk ldrk gSA
5- mPp inksa ij vklhu O;fDr;ksa ds ckjs esa iwjh tkudkjh lkoZtfud dh tkuh pkfg,] rkfd nkxnkj ,oa Hkz"V yksxksa dks mPp
inksa ij vklhu gksus ls jksdk ldsA
6- Hkz"Vkpkj ns'k ds fy, dyad gS vkSj bldks feVk, fcuk ns'k dh okLrfod izxfr lEHko ugha gSA blds fy, ns'k ds izR;sd
O;fDr dks Hkz"Vkpkj feVkuk viuk drZO; le>uk gksxkA
fu"d"kZ &
vr% ftl izdkj ns'k dks Hkz"Vkpkj eqDr cukus ds fy, vUuk gtkjs }kjk fd, x, iz;klksa dk dkQh vPNk ifj.kke yksdiky ds
:i esa lkeus vk;k gSA mlh izdkj] ;fn ns'k dk ;qok oxZ viuk dÙkZO; le>dj Hkz"Vkpkj dk fojks/k djus yxs] rks og fnu
nwj ugha] tc Hkkjr ls Hkz"Vkpkj :ih nkuo dk var gks tk,xkA blds fy, cM+ksa ds }kjk ;qok oxZ dk lgh ekxZn'kZu djus dh
vko';drk gSA gekjs iwoZ jk"Vªifr Jh vCnqy dyke us dgk gSA
^^;fn fdlh ns'k dks Hkz"Vkpkj eqDRk vkSj lqUnj eu okys yksxksa dk ns'k cukuk gS] rks esjk n`<+rkiwoZd ekuuk gS fd lekt ds
rhu izeq[k lnL;&ekrk] firk vkSj xq# ;g dk;Z dj ldrs gSaA**

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 3- ns'k ds lekos'kh fodkl esa fdruk lQy gS eujsxkA
jk"Vªifr egkRek xka/kh dk ekuuk Fkk fd Hkkjr xk¡oksa eas clrk gSA mudk dguk Fkk fd ^^tc Hkh rqEgsa lansg gks ;k rqEgkjk
vge rqe ij gkoh gksus yxs] rks ;g dlkSVh vktekvks% tks lcls xjhc vkSj detksj vkneh rqeus ns[kk gks] mldh 'kDy
;kn djks vkSj vius fny ls iwNks fd tks dne mBkus dk rqe fopkj dj jgs gks] og ml vkneh ds fy;s fdruk mi;ksxh
gksxk \ D;k mls dqN ykHk igq¡psxk \ D;k mlls og vius gh thou vkSj HkkX; ij dqN dkcw j[k ldsxk \ ;kuh D;k
mlls mu djksM+ksa yksxksa dks Lojkt fey ldsxk ftuds isV Hkw[ks gSa vkSj vkRek vr`Ir gS \** Bhd ;gh fl)kar ,d
dY;k.kdkjh jkT; gh ljdkj ij Hkh ykxw gksrk gSA ljdkj dh uhfr;k¡ vPNh gSa ;k cqjh] lQy gSa ;k vlQy( bldk
fu.kZ; bl ckr ls gksrk gS fd bu vc rd dh ljdkjksa us viuh tudY;k.kdkjh Nfo ds fuekZ.k dk iz;kl fd;k gSA fQj
pkgs if.Mr usg: ds le; esa cuh izFke iapo"khZ; ;kstuk dh ckr gks] ftlesa Ñf"k {ks= esa l'kDr djus ,oa lkekftd
U;k; dks LFkkfir djus ij cy fn;k x;k] ;k bafnjk xka/kh }kjk ^xjhch gVkvks* dk ukjk gks ;k fQj laln ds dsUnzh; d{k
ls orZeku iz/kkuea=h ujsUnz eksnh }kjk xk¡o o xjhc feyh \;g ,d vyx ppkZ dk fo"k; gSA vxj xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa jkstxkj
l`tu ds fy, fd;s x, ljdkjh iz;klksa dh ckr djsa rks jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k jkstxkj dk;ZØe]xzkeh.k Hkwfeghu jkstxkj xkjaVh
dk;ZØe] tokgj jkstxkj ;kstuk] laiw.kZ xzkeh.k jkstxkj ;kstuk] dke ds cnys vukt dk;ZØe vkSj eujsxk rd ,d yach
QsgfjLr gSA xzkeh.k jkstxkj dh fn'kk esa 'kq: dh xbZ vc rd dh bu ;kstukvksa esa ^eujsxk* ;kfu ^egkRek xka/kh jk"Vªh;
xzkeh.k jkstxkj xkjaVh vf/kfu;e* ,d fof'k"V ;kstuk gSA gky gh esa ;w,uMhih }kjk tkjh dh xbZ Xykscy áweu MoyieaVs
fjiksVZ] 2015esa Hkh ^eujsxk* dk mYys[k fo'o esa fd;s tk jgs lkekftd lqj{kk mik;ksa esa ,d ehy ds iRFkj ds :i esa fd;k
x;k gSA
bl dk;ZØe dk mís'; izR;sd ifjokj ds ,sls O;Ld lnL;] tks vdq'ky Je djus ds bPNqd gSa] mUgsa ,d foRrh; o"kZ esa
100 fnuksa dk xkjaVh;qDr jkstxkj eqgS;k djkuk gSA gkykafd eujsxk ds varxZr dkexkj dks vius fuokLk LFkku ls 5 fdlh-
ls 5 fdeh- ls vf/kd gS] rks og ifjogu HkRrs dk gdnkj gksxkA bl dk;ZØe dh ,d [kkl ckr ;s gS fd blesa efgykvksa
dh fo'ks"k ojh;rk nh xbZ gS( eujsxk ds rgr ykHkkfFkZ;ksa esa de&ls&de ,d&frgkbZ efgyk,¡ gksuh pkfg,A lkFk gh vdsyh
jgus okyh vkSj fnO;kax efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh c<+kus ds iz;kl fd;s tk,axsA mYys[kuh; gS fd eujsxk ds rgr dk;kZfUor
gksus okys ifj;kstuk dk;ksZa esa Bsdnkjksa vkSj 'kkjhfjd Je dh txg iz;qDr gksus okyh e'khuksa dk iz;ksx izfrcaf/kr gSA
e'khuksa dk iz;ksx ogha gksxk] tgk¡ dk;Z dh xq.koRrk o fVdkÅiu ds fy, ,slk djuk vR;ar vko';d gksA
tgk¡ rd eujsxk ds varxZr feyus okyh etnwjh dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa dsUnz ,oa ljdkj nksuksa ds ikl etnwjh nj ds
fu/kkZj.k dk vf/kdkj gSA gkykafd jkT; ljdkjksa ds ikl dsUnz ljdkj }kjk vf/klwfpr etnwjh dh rqyuk esa vf/kd etnwjh
nj fu/kkZfjr djus dk Hkh vf/kdkj gS] ysfdu bl fLFkfr esa dsUnz ,oa jkT; }kjk vf/klwfpr njksa ds varj dk Hkqxrku jkT;
ljdkj dks gh djuk gksrk gSA
mYys[kuh; gS fd eujsxk] xzkeh.k Hkkjr ds vkfFkZd lekos'ku dh fn'kk esa dsUnz ljdkj dh ,d egRokdka{kh igy gS]
blfy, 'kq:vkr ls gh bl ij Hkkjh&Hkjde /kujkf'k dk O;; fd;k tk jgk gSA orZeku esa eujsxk ds ek/;e ls yxHkx
15-52 djksM+ dkexkjksa ds ikl tkWc dkMZ miyC/k gSaA bl dk;ZØe us xzkeh.k Hkkjr ds foRrh; lekos'ku esa fdruh
mYys[kuh; Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA bl ckr dk vanktk rks blh rF; ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd lkekftd&vkfFkZd tkfr
vk/kkfjr tux.kuk ds xzkeh.k tula[;k laca/kh vkdyu ds eqrkfcd izR;sd rhu xzkeh.k ifjokjksa esa ls,d dks eujsxk dk
ykHk feyk gSA vxj bl ckr dh ge vkSj Hkh xgjkbZ ls rgdhdkr djsa rks us'kuy dkamfly vkWQ vIykbM bdksuksfed
fjlpZ dk ekuuk gS fd eujsxk 'kq: gksus ls igys 42 izfr'kr tula[;k xjhch js[kk ls uhps FkhA ysfdu eujsxk dh
'kq:vkr ds ckn blesa 30 izfr'kr Hkkxhnkjh xzkeh.k xjhc tula[;k dh jgh gS] tcfd xSj&xjhc tula[;k 21 izfr'kr gSA
bu vkadM+ksa ls ,d ckr lkQ rkSj ij dgh tk ldrh gS fd xjhc o lkekftd :i ls detksj oxksZa tSls&etnwj]
vkfnoklh] nfyr ,oa NksVs lhekar Ñ"kdksa ds chp xjhch de djus esa eujsxk dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jgh gSA
vxj eujsxk ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd izHkkoksa dh ge rF;kRed iqf"V djsa rks eujsxk us 32 izfr'kr rd xzkeh.k xjhch dks de
fd;k gS] tcfd ,d cM+s tulewg dks xjhch js[kk ds uhps tkus ls jksdk gSA tkudkjksa dk dguk gS fd eujsxk ds pyrs
tgk¡ ^xzkeh.k Je cktkj* esa etnwjh esa o`f) gqbZ gS] ogha Jfedksa }kjk eksyHkko djus dh {kerk Hkh c<+h gSA bldk ifj.kke
;g gqvk fd ,d cM+h xzkeh.k vkcknh dh dqy vk; esa o`f) gqbZ] QyLo:i mudh Ø; 'kfDr c<+h] ftleas ekax esa o`f)
ntZ dh xbZA blds vykok] ?kjsyw ctr esa o`f) gqbZA
^^eujsxk us xzkeh.k tula[;k ds foRrh; lekos'ku esa Hkh cM+h Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA ,sls xk¡o ,oa ifjokj ftUgksua s eujsxk esa
Hkkx fy;k] mudh LFkkuh; lkgwdkjksa ij fuHkZjrk dkQh ?kVh gSA bldk ,d eq[; dkj.k eujsxk }kjk lh/ks Hkqxrku gsrq
cSdksa ,oa iksLV&vkWfQl [kkrksa dk iz;ksx djuk jgk gSA bruk gh ugha] ftu xkaoksa esa ^eujsxk* ds dk;ZØe py jgs gSa ogk¡
blesa dk;Z dj jgs xjhc ?kjksa ds cPpksa ds f'k{kk Lrj esa csgrj lq/kkj Hkh ns[kk x;kA**
/;ku nsus okyh ,d ckr ;g Hkh gS ftl ij le; fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk Hkkjh eanh ds nkSj ls xqtj jgh Fkh] rc Hkkjrh;
vFkZO;oLFkk ij bldk cgqr T;knk izHkko ugha iM+kA dqN vFkZ'kkfL=;ksa dk ;s ekuuk gS bldk dkj.k xzkeh.k Hkkjr esa cM+h
gqbZ ekax o cpr gks ldrh gS] ftlesa eujsxk dh vge Hkwfedk jgh gSA xkSjryc gS fd eujsxk us xzkeh.k tula[;k ds
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foRrh; lekos'ku esa Hkh cM+h Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA ,sls xk¡o ,oa ifjokj ftUgksaus eujsxk eas Hkkx fy;k] mudh LFkkuh; lkgwdkjksa
ij fuHkZjrk dkQh ?kVh gSA bldk ,d eq[; dkj.k eujsxk }kjk lh/ks Hkqxrku gsrq cSadksa ,oa iksLV&vkWfQl [kkrksa dk iz;ksx
djuk jgk gSA bruk gh ugha] ftu xkoksa eujsxk ds dk;ZØe py jgs gSa ogk¡ blesa dk;Z dj jgs xjhc ?kjksa ds cPpksa ds
f'k{kk Lrj eas csgrj lq/kkj ns[kk x;k gSA
bl izdkj] vxj eujsxk dk Bhd rjhds ls iz;ksx fd;k tk, rks ;g egt ,d dY;k.kdkjh ;kstuk cudj jg
tkus dh ctk;] xzkeh.k Hkkjr ds lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dk ,d l'kDr ek/;e cu ldrh gSA bl fn'kk esa ljdkj
}kjk mBk, tk jgs dne fuf'pr gh lgh ldkjkRed gSa] vko';drk gS rks cl bu lHkh dk dk;kZUo;u lqfuf'pr djus
dhA ,slk djds gh ge xzkeh.k Hkkjr dks l'kDr cuk ldrs gSA
GENERAL ENGLISH (80 Marks)
Part-A Marks : 20
Note: Attempt all questions. Each question carries 1 mark
(A) Identify the error and rewrite the correct form of the following sentences: (Q. No. 1-10) 10
1. The gold is a precious metal.
Gold is a precious metal.
2. He is too weaker to play cricket.
He is too weak to play cricket
3. If I would have the P.M., I would reform the country.
If I were the P.M., I would reform the country.
4. He is very much interested by the plays of Shakspeare.
He is very much interested in the plays of Shakspeare.
5. Could you mind playing with me?
would you mind playing with me?
6. I could rather die than be lazy.
I would rather die than be lazy.
7. Applications ought to reach here before 05th of February.
Applications must reach here before 05th of February.
8. He forbade me not to go there.
He forbade me to go there.
9. The teacher said that truth won in the long run..
The teacher said that truth wins in the long run..
10. He was not aware to your intention.
He was not aware of your intention.
(B) Choose the word similar in meaning: (Q. No. 11-12) 21
11. Eminent
Renowned /Notorious
Ans. Renowned
12. Insolvent
Miser / Bankrupt
Ans. Bankrupt
(C) Choose the opposite similar in meaning: (Q. No. 13-14) 21
13. Innocent
Faultless / Guilty
Ans. Guilty
14. Hostile
Enmity / Friendly
Ans. Friendly
(D) Rewrite choosing the appropriate expression to form a meaningful sentence: (Q.No. 15-16) 2  1
15. Attendance in the class has fallen off/ fallen out this month
Ans. Fallen off

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16. The chief guest will give out/ give away the prizes.
Ans. Give away
(E) Selecting the correct word/phrase, rewrite the following sentences: (Q. No. 17-18) 21
17. After
a long silence in the meeting for terrorism, Mr. Ajit Dowal broke the brick/ broke the ice.
Ans. Broke the ice
18. Suratgarh has taken a quantum leap/ a quantum joy in the field of education.
Ans. A quantum leap
(F) Write a one word substitute for the following expression. : (Q. No. 19-20) 21
19. Eliminating or killing of whole race.
Ans. Genocide
20. An apparatus for measuring the purity of milk
Ans. Lactometer
Part-B Marks : 30
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow: (Q. No. 21-25)
Marks : 5 X 2 = 10
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a clean India drive and Mission launched as a national campaign by the India
Government in order to cover the 4041 statutory towns aiming maintained cleanliness of streets, roads and
infrastructure of the country. Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, has officially launched this mission on 2 nd
October (the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi) in 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi (Bapu’s Samadhi). While
launching the event, Prime Minister himself cleaned the road. It was the biggest cleanliness drive ever in India
when approximately 3 million government employees including students from schools and colleges took part in the
cleanliness activities.
On the day of launch of the event, the PM himself nominated the names of nine people to participate in the
cleanliness drive in their own areas- Salman Khan, Anil Ambani, Kamal Haasan, KApil Sharma, PRiyanka Chopra,
Baba Ramdev, Sachin tendulkar and Shashi Tharoor.
Schools and colleges have participated in the event by organizing many cleanliness activities according to
their own themes. Students of India participated in this event. PM had also requested all those nine nominees to call
another nine people separately to participate in this cleanliness drive as well as continue the chain of calling nine
people by each and every participating member of the mission until the message reaches to the every Indian in
every corner of the country to make it a national mission.
This mission aimed to join each and every Indian from all walks of life in the same way that a tree grows
and spreads its branches. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Mission aims to construct individual sanitary latrines for
households purposes for the people living under poverty line, convert dry latrines into low- cost sanitary latrines,
provide facility of hand pumps, safe and secure bathing, set up sanitary marts, construct drains, dispose off solid
and liquid wastes, enhance health and education awareness, provide household and environmental sanitation
facilities and many more.
Earlier, many awareness programmes (such as Total Sanitation Campaign, Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan etc.)
about the environmental sanitation and personal cleanliness were launched by the Indian Government. However,
those could not be so effective to make India a clean India.
21. When and where was the Swachh Bharat Programme launched?
Ans- The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan was launchd on 2nd October 2014 at Rajghat , New Delhi
22. What was the process of spreading the awareness of the cleanliness among the people of the country?
Ans- In this drive of cleanliness, nine most famous people of India were selected as nominees for this campaign
and asked them to call other nine people to participate in this drive.
23. Why was it called the biggest cleanliness drive and how much area of the whole country was targeted for
cleanliness?
Ans- Approximately 3 millions peoples’ involvement and about 4000 town were targeted for cleanliness
24. What was the mission aimed at?
Ans- The mission aimed to join all Indian People to join the mission as the shape of the branches of the tree.

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25. Write in English the meaning of the following words given below-
(a) Basic aspects of the country aimed to be changed is
Infrastructure
(b) The process of abolishing of rubbish and garbage is called-
Disposed off
Translate the following sentences into English: (Q. No. 26-30) Marks : 5 X 2 = 10
(B) Translate the following sentences into English: (Q. No. 26-30)
26. gesa Hk;eqDr thou thuk pkfg,A
Ans- We should lead a fear-free life/ We should lead a life free from fear.
27. geas ges”kk vk”kkoknh jguk pkfg,A
Ans- We should always be optimistic.
28. vkt geusa uk”rk ugha fd;k gSA
Ans- We have not taken our breakfast today/ We have not had our breakfast today.
29. og dqN fnuksa ls jkst ckt+kj tk jgk gSA
Ans- He has been going to market daily for a few days .
30. iqjkus okgu /kqvka¡ NksM+rs gSaA
Ans- Old vehicles emit/fume/throw out/draw out smoke.
31. Make a précis of the following passage in about one third of its length and also suggest
its title: Marks : 10
Today everybody is health cautious. He/She wants to keep himself/herself fit and healthy. Different
people adopt different methods. To obtain best possible health, we should ideally engage in
exercises that will strengthen the heart (a strong heart helps to reduce the risk of coronary heart
disease) and lungs. We should participate in exercises that strengthen and tone muscles, as well as
increase our energy level. Exercising regularly can help us to maintain a healthy weight and simply
help us feel and look better. In fact, a good exercise programme has the ability to add a couple of
years to our life! Additionally, people who exercise regularly tend to be happier and laugh more,
because exercise alleviates stress and anxiety. And when a person attains better health through
exercise, that person will generally have a healthier, more optimistic outlook on life.

Advantage/Benefits of Fitness or Good Health

Today everybody adopts different methods of being fit and healthy because of being cautious for his
health. So we should exercise regularly as it keeps us away from all diseases, makes us quite healthy and
enables us to lead a healthier and optimistic life.
Part-C Marks: 30
32.Write a paragraph on any one of the following in approximately 200 words: Marks: 10
(i) Advantage and Disadvantes of Social networking media
(ii) Corruption in Public Life
Answer- Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Networking Media
Social media has grown tremendously in the last few years. Speacially Facebook and Twitter
have grown much faster and attracted millions of users in just a few years. It is clear that more
and more people are going to graps its benefits. It has brought a lot of advantages for society from
developed nations to under developed countries. Every nations is utilizing the power of social
media to enhance life and use for the betterment of the people. However it has also affected the
society in a negative way. It is the hands of the user to use it for its advantages or its
diadvantages. But willingly or unwillingly social media can still have negative impact on the
users. Therefore it has also its disadvantages.

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Advantages of Social Media :
1. Connectivity :- The main advantage of social media is connectivity. We can connect with anyone
living anywhere in the world. We can learn and share our thoughts with others all over the world.
2. Education : Social media is very helpful for the students and teachers. It is a very easy and cheap
way of learning from experts and professionals. We can educate ourselves in various fields regardless
of our also get help and guidance from others about our financial and other problems.
3. Information and Updates : The main advantage of social media is that we can update ourselves
about the latest happenings in the world Television and print media these days are biased and do not
convey true message so with the help of social media we can get the facts and true (authentic)
information by doing some research.
4. Promotion of Bussiness: We can promote our offline and online business to the largest
audience and clientele with the help of social media. The use of social media makes business
universal, less expensive and profitable. Expenses made over a business on advertisement and
promotion can be reduced by regularly involving on the social media as it connects us to the right
audience (customers).
5. Uses for Noble Causes : Social media can also be used for social work and noble causes. It
can be helpful to promote an NGO, social welfare activities and donations for the poor and the
needy. During natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes and Tsunamis it is a quick way to
help the affected people.
6. Creates awareness and help in fighting crimes : Social media creates awareness among
people about various social prombles and happenings. It also helps people discover new and
innovative stuffs that can enhance personal lives and careers. From farmers to teachers, students
and lawyers every individual of the society can benefit from social media and its awareness
factor. Another advantages of social media is that it helps Government and Security Agencies to
spy and catch criminals and fight crimes.
7. Helps in building communities: Social media helps people of different faiths and religious to
come together and discuss their religious reliefs. People of different tastes and professional join
together to discuss and share their related stuffs.
Disadvantages of Social Media :
1. Cyberbullying : According to a report published recently most of the children have been
victims of cyberbulliying. As there is no check on fake account, it has become quite easy for
anyone to bully on the internet. Threates, intimidation messages and rumours can be sent to the
masses to create discomfort and fear in society. Some cyberbullying stories have instigated
people to commit suicide.
2. Hacking : Personal data and privacy can easily be hacked and shared on the internet. These
can make finacial losses and loss to personal life. People suffer financial losses when their
personal account are hacked. Several personal twitter and facebook accounts have been hacked in
the past and the hackers have posted materials that have affected the personal lives of individuals.
This is a very dangerous disadvantage of social media so every user is advised to keep their
personal data and accounts safe to avoid such accidents.
3. Addiction : The addictive part of social media can disturbs personal life Teenagers are most
affected by the addiction of social media. They get involved so much that they are eventually cut
off from productive and useful tasks and activities.
4. Damages Reputation : Social media can easily ruin someone's reputation just by creating a
false story and spreading it across the social media. Similarly business can also suffer losses due
to bad reputation being conveyed over the social media.
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II. Corruption in Public Life
A distressing development of recent decades is the constantly increasing menace of
corruption. It has spread to all aspects of public life social, economic and political. There is
hardly any activity which is fire from deception and corruption of some kind of the other. The
administrative achinery seldom moves without greasing someone's palm. in fact corTuption has
become so common that it does not shock us ordinarily. We give and take bribe in the spheres of
education, govemment and private service, trade and commerce, industrial activity and all
branches of administration. Bribes are described as speed money and we openly taken. The effort
of most people is to make money as quickly is possible. There is corruption even in religious and
educational instrutions. Instead of decreasing the evil of corruption is increasing.
Rs. 28000 crore are lost every year in corruption making the country one of the most
corrupt ones in the world. Alexander Pope, English poet said,"At length corruption like a general
flood,shall deluge all."
Edmund Burke warned the world long back that a corrupt influence is a growing evil. Lord
Acton also said, "Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are always bad
men" This has hecome true with the present day politicians and bureaucrats. Those who have
managed to capture power and tasted its fruits want to retain it at all costs. Any price is worth paying.
Today corruption and hypocrisy have become the inevitable products of democracy. So corruption
has continued and even increased beyond measure even with the advancement of democracy and
civilization. It has distorted all moral values and suppressed truth and virtue. In our own country
corruption has increased after independence. The growth of industry, the system of ligences an
permits for setting up enterprises, securing quotas of raw material, imports and exports and expansion
of trade and commerce have helpe its growth. Now the problem has assumed serious proportions
and perhaps gone beyond control.
It is not dificult to rind out the causes of corruption. Coruption breeds at the top and then
gradually filters down to the lower levels is true to say that growth of corruption is due to moral,
social, economic political and administrative degeneration. Moral degeneration has increased social
corruption which has emerged out of economic degeneration, poverty and illiteracy. Politicians want
to retain the power gained through elections. They are prepared to pay any price for that.
Money is the main source, generator and guarantor of this power in our society. Thus
corruption and money are interlinked and go hand in hand. Rulers and bureaucrats make money from
businessmen to fight elections. Politicians collect huge funds from businessmen and these
businessmen in return for their donations seek favour in the issue of permits, quotas and licences.
They also adopt corrupt practices to increase their black money. This black money is used to corner
and hoard essential commodities and to bribe and blackmail honest men and public servants The
shortages of rare commodities and essential goods in the country also lead to favouritism and
patronage by those in power. When people in power indulge in corruption, the common man gets
a kind of sanction Corruption thus spreads everywhere.
Thus the danger of corruption has grown extremely serious and unless it is successfully
combated, it is likely to threaten the very security and survival of the country. It is necessary that
the corruption, as we have discussed it just now, is required to be countered with strong hand
by the State.
The Government in all its seriousness appointed the Santhanam Committee for Prevention
of Corruption a few years ago. This committee in its report held ministers, legislators, political
parties, industrialists and businessmen responsible for corruption. The Committee also said that
there has been a failure of integrity among the Ministers of the Central and State Governments
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and it was for this reason that the Administrative Reforms Commission expressed preference for
a permanent authority to keep a continuous watch over Ministers and suggested the setting up of
a Lok Pal who would have the authority to enquire into allegations against a Central Minister or
his Secretary.
There is a need to bring about a radical change in the functioning of Government. Bureaucratic
delays have given rise to corruption Redapism has checked the development of the country to a
large extent. Securing a gas or a phone connection, passport or a ration card could rake a period
of around a month to years. It points to the laziness of the officials. A proposal to root out
corruption at high places in the bureaucracy was intended with the tabling of the Lokpal Bill in
the parliament. The Bill if passed, would check corruption at high levels.
Of course the loud talk of anti-corruption measures, stringent laws and deterrent sentences
have no meaning unless our leaders show a keen interest in checking it. The only way to end
corruption is for the leaders to set personal examples. Their assets and incomes should be
subjected to scrutiny by the special agencies created for this purpose. Secondly
our leaders should attach as much importance to the means as to the ends. Thirdly our leaders and
public men should not only remain honest but also make sure that it appears so to the public at
large. Lastly measures should be introduced for limiting the exercise of power by the
same individuals for long or indefinite periods. Scope in ample measure should exist for sharing
of political power in rotation.
CBI's rights and powers should be strengthened to curb the men-ace of corruption in the
country. There is need of strict vigilance in the Govt. Departments to check corruption.
Thus this social degeneration can be checked effectively with the enactment of new laws,
by raising a new vigilance network and with the improvement of economic condition of the
people and enlargement of employment opportunities.
33. Elaborate any one of the following themes in approximately 150 words: Marks: 10
(i) Simplicity is a Sign of Pefection
Simplicity is a characteristic of greateness. Great truths are simple. When we are simple, there is
no trace of crookedness. Simple persons have done great things in life. They are not only
successful but are also perfect in all aspects of life. A simple person sees things as they are and
presents them without adding to or subtracting from them. So there is no scope for untruth. His
conscience is clear. A simple man explains things in a simple way. He does not present truth in a
complicated way. He does not distort facts to impress others. He has a deep and through
knowledge of things. Simplicity means doing what is necessary and remaining balanced. Simple
living means living in moderation.Simplicity comes by living a regulated and organized life.
Simplicity can be applied in all sphere of life, dress, food, talk, behaviour and in our interaction
with others. A simple person leads a stress free life since he is pure and truthful. Sri Aurobindo
says that to express harmony of all things simplicity is the best. Simplicity is a prerequistite for
spiritual advancement for it is those who are child-like who get divine illumination. Great men
leading simple life are men of character with deep concern for the welfare and well-being of
others. Gandhiji showed how simple living generates high thinking. Simplicity is also one of the
divine qualitiesas enumerated in the Bhagavad Gita.
(ii) Frustration leads to Aggression
Aggression means angry feelings or behaviour that make you want to attack other people.
Frustration is a feeling of anger when we cannot get what we want. The frustration-aggression
theory was developed by Neal Miller and Leonard Berkowitz in 1969. The theory says that

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aggression is the result of frustrating a person's efforts to attain a goal. It states that frustration.
Therefore we can say that aggression. Researchers have found out that frustration always leads to
some form of aggression, Children generally get frustrated when they don't get what they want
and as a result of this they become aggressive in their behaviour. Their aggressive behaviour
sometimes leads to violence. It is reported that physically maltreated children display greater
negative effect and aggressive behaviour compared to children that were not physically
maltreated. Therefore, we can say that frustration leads to aggression.
34. Write a letter of complaint to the additional District Magistrate of your district about the
scarcity of sugar and wheat at the fair price shop. (150 words) Marks : 10
OR
Wrtie a report of the celebration of “The Republic Day” in the college.
24 Krishna Nagar
Dausa
11 March 2021
The Additional District Magistrate
Dausa
Subject- Scarcity of sugar and wheat at he fair price shop
Respected Sir
I would like to bring your kind notice that the working of the dealer of the far price shop of
our locality is very unsatisfactory. Generally, it is said that the main articles like sugar and wheat are out
of stock. The residents of the locality have lodged a complaint against the dealer but nothing has
happened yet.
You are, therefore, requested to take effective steps to resolve our difficulties.
Thanking You
Yours faithfully
x,y,z

Or
Celebration of The Republic Day (By - Rakesh Bhambhu)
28.01.2022, Govt. College, Suratgarh
India is a republican democratic country so every year the 26th of January is calebrated very
warmly as our republic day all over the country. Last day , as usual, it was also celebrated very
with great pomp and show in the college ground of Suratgarh. The chief guest was Mr. Ram
Pratap Ji, the M.L.A. First of all he unflurred the tricolour and the students of the college sang the
national anthem. Thereafter, the chief guest addressed the audience describing the impotance of
this day. He also emphasized on the necessity of nation-integration and adeherence of to the
constitutional law. thereafter the cultural performance were made by the college students showing
the bravery, devotion and honesty to the nation. Thereafter the various lecturers and the guests
addressed the audience and showed the importance of constitutional norms. At last the princicpal
of the college, on behalf of the whole college staff, expressed his grattitute to the chief guests as
well as the other guests. In the end the function lasted with the distribution of the sweets among
the people.
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