NAME:__________________________________________

GRADE/SECTION:______________________________

7
SCIENCE
Quarter III – Week 4
Waves and Sound

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Science – Grade 7
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Quarter III - Week 4: Waves and Sound
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this CLAS are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Schools Division of Puerto Princesa City

Development Team of the Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets

Writers: Jenny Grace S. Morente, Aidyl Faith F. Tabangay, Genelyn G. Magapan
Content Editor: Leslie O. Pulanco
Language Editor: Jinky P. Paloma
Proofreaders: Jinky Paloma, Genelyn G. Magapan, Leslie O. Pulanco
Reviewer: Rolando A. Taha EdD.
Illustrator: Janbert M. Tabudlong
Layout Artists: Jenny Grace S. Morente, Aidyl Faith F. Tabangay

Management Team:
Servillano A. Arzaga CESO V, SDS
Loida P. Adornado PhD., ASDS
Cyril C. Serador PhD, CID Chief
Ronald S. Brillantes EPS-LRMS Manager
Rolando A. Taha EdD, EPS-Science
Eva Joyce C. Presto, PDO II
Rhea Ann A. Navilla, Librarian II
Division LR Evaluators: Ronald S. Brillantes, Mary Jane J. Parcon, Liezel O. Arosio,
Carissa M. Calalin, Carmencita B. Daculap

Division of Puerto Princesa City-Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)

Sta. Monica Heights, Brgy. Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City
Telephone No.: (048) 434 9438
Email Address: puertoprincesa@deped.gov.ph
 Lesson 1

Waves and Sound

MELCS: Infer that waves carry energy. (S7LT-IIIc-4)

Describe the characteristics of sound using the concepts of wavelength, velocity, and
amplitude. (S7LT-IIId-7)
Objectives: 1. Describe how waves transfer energy
2. Differentiate the types of waves (mechanical vs electromagnetic wave and
transverse vs longitudinal waves)
3. Describe the characteristics of sound using the concepts of wavelength,
velocity, and amplitude

Let’s Try

Directions: Read and understand each item carefully. Circle the letter of the correct
answer.

1. What is the difference between a mechanical and an electromagnetic wave?

A. Electromagnetic waves are produced by the vibration of charged particles while
mechanical wave is not capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum.
B. Electromagnetic wave requires a medium in order to transport their energy from one
location to another and mechanical waves do not require a medium.
C. Electromagnetic waves are caused by wave amplitude while mechanical waves are
caused by frequency.
D. Examples of electromagnetic waves are longitudinal, transverse and surface waves
while mechanical waves include infrared, ultraviolet and gamma rays.

2. Which among the following statement is NOT TRUE about waves?

A. Waves transfer particles (matter) and energy.
B. Waves have the capacity to transmit messages.
C. Waves can be classified as either mechanical or electromagnetic.
D. Waves carry energy from place to place but the particles do not move with the waves.

3. If transverse wave moves the particles of the medium perpendicular to the direction of
the wave or path of propagation, how about longitudinal wave?
A. In an elliptical motion, producing both vertical and horizontal component of motion in
the direction of wave propagation.
B. Parallel to the direction that the wave travels.
C. Through the vacuum of the outer space.
D. Through any material.

4. Which of the following is NOT an example of electromagnetic wave?

A. Longitudinal Wave B. Radio Wave C. Ultraviolet D. X-ray

1
5. What do sound waves need in order to travel?
A. medium C. someone to make them.
B. solids D. vibrations

6. Which of the following will we NOT be able to hear any sound?

A. solid medium C. gas Medium
B. liquid Medium D. in a Vacuum

7. Which of the following BEST describes a high frequency sound?

A. high pitch C. low energy
B. low pitch D. ow pitch and low energy

8. A fire truck has its siren on. What direction is the fire truck moving relative to you if the
siren is decreasing in pitch?
A. away from you C. maintaining the same position
B. behind you D. towards you

9. What will happen to the pitch of the sound if the frequency increases?
A. becomes low B. decrease C. increase D. remains the same

10. Which of the following frequency range is audible to human ear?

A. 0 Hz -15 Hz B. 25,000 Hz - 50,000 Hz
B. 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz D. 50,000 Hz - 100,000 Hz

Let’s Explore and Discover

Do you know that waves occur all around you in physical

Unlocking of world? When you throw a stone into a lake, water waves spread
Difficulties
out from the splash. When you strum the string of a guitar, sound
waves carry the
 music all round you. When you switch on a lamp,
Wave- is a
light waves flood
I the room. Water, sound, and light waves differ in
periodic
disturbance that important waysd but they all share basic properties of wave motion.
moves away from e
a source and n
carries energy Have you seen
with it.
t different types of waves?
Do you know i that waves carry energy from one place to
another?
Vibration- is the f
repetitive motion y hand and observe the motion of your hand.
Try to wave your
that you do.
Example: Waving
m
As youa move your hand, the medium
a hand
used in which energy is transferred is the air
which is in tgas form. Waves do not transmit
Me
matter but they
i transmit energy.
cr
The waving of the hand causesr ia vibration. A vibration causes wave
motion due to the compression and rarefaction
o of molecules in a medium.
When you observe a wave, the sourcesais always a vibration.
cl Figure 1. Waving a
os hand
p
et
ch 2
o
ma
 Area of
Area of rarefaction
compression

Figure 2. Vibration of molecules

Characteristics of Wave

• Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a vibrating particle on either side of its

normal position when the wave passes.
• Wavelength is the distance between identical points of the wave.
• Frequency is the number of waves that pass a particular point every one second.
The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz): 1 Hz = 1 cycle/second.
• Wave speed is the distance traveled by the wave per second. The unit of wave speed
is meter per second (m/s).
• Period/Phase is the time required for one complete wave to pass a given point.

Types of Waves
I. Mechanical waves require a physical medium(object) for the wave to propagate.

A. Transverse Waves occur when the individual particles or segments of a medium

vibrate up and down; the movement of the particles in the medium is perpendicular
to the direction in which the waves travel.
direction of the propagation

Particle of
the medium
Figure 3. Transverse waves

B. Longitudinal Waves occur when the individual particles of a medium vibrate back
and forth in the direction in which the waves travel, movement of the particles in the
medium is parallel to the wave motion.

Figure 4. Longitudinal waves

You can create a wave using a rope as a medium of wave propagation. Tie one
end of a rope on a fixed object. Tie a colored ribbon on the other end. Shake one end
of the rope with up and down movements. A rhythmic disturbance travels along the
rope. It is the disturbance that moves along the length of the rope, not the parts of
the rope itself. The colored ribbon remains in place. The medium does not move only
the particles propagate the energy. A series of pulse created by continuous
disturbance are called periodic waves.
In a periodic wave, one pulse follows another in regular succession; a certain
waveform- the shape of individual waves- is repeated at regular intervals. Most
periodic waves are sinusoidal waveforms as shown in the figure below. The highest
point and lowest point of a wave are called the crest and the trough respectively. In
the illustration below, you can see that wavelength can be identified in the presence
of consecutive troughs or crests of the wave.
3
 Figure 5. Anatomy of wave

C. Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium to propagate.

Energy from the sun reaches the Earth through electromagnetic waves. It requires no
material medium for its passage. It can pass through empty space.

Types of Electromagnetic waves

1. Radio waves 5. Ultra Violet rays

2. Microwaves 6. X-rays
3. Infrared rays 7. Gamma rays
4. Visible Light

Figure 6. The Electromagnetic Spectrum

(Source: Stella Hsin, Electromagnetic spectrum, March 8 ,2021, My NASA data, United States of
America .)

As shown in the figure 6 above, you can describe the relationship between the
wavelength and frequency of the wave as inversely proportional (as the wavelength increases
the frequency decreases and vice versa).

Sound is an example of a longitudinal wave and is also classified as a mechanical

wave. It also possesses characteristics common to all types of waves. These are frequency,
wavelength, amplitude, speed and period.

Place your fingers on your throat while trying to sing or hum a song, what did you
feel? Were there vibrations in your throat?

4
Now, try to analyze the figure below.

Figure 7. Vibration of molecules in a coil spring

Figure 7 shows how the particles of a coil spring look like in a microscopic level,
when you push and pull it back together.

Just how like you sing or hum a song and pull and push back a coil spring, vibrations
are produced so as sound. Thus, it only implies that there has to be a matter (object) for
which sound should travel and propagate. This matter is known as medium.

Properties of Sound
• Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of sound. It is dependent on the frequency
of sound waves. The more vibrations produced, the higher the frequency the higher
is the pitch of the sound produced; the lower the frequency the lower the pitch of the
sound.
Human can only sense within the frequency range of about 20 Hz to 20, 000
Hz (audible sounds). Vibrational frequencies beyond 20, 000 Hz are called
ultrasonic frequencies while extremely low frequencies below 20 Hz are known as
infrasonic frequencies. (see figure 8 below)

Figure 8. Frequencies of sound waves

• Loudness is how soft or how intense the sound is as perceived by the ear and
interpreted by the brain. Intensity and loudness are quantitative and qualitative
descriptions of the energy carried by the wave. High amplitude waves are intense and
are sensed as loud. Low amplitude waves are sensed as soft sound.

Sound waves can travel. When they come in

contact with our eardrums, the vibrations of the
air force our eardrums to vibrate which is
sensed and interpreted by our brain. Sound
waves can also travel in media like solids and
liquids. Look at figure 9.

The particles of solids are closer to each Figure 9. Molecules of different media
other than the particles of liquids and gases.
Liquid particles are closer together than gases. Thus, sound travels fastest in solids, then in
liquids and slowest in gases. However, sound cannot travel in a vacuum (an empty space).

5
 The table below shows the speed of sound in different materials.
Table 1. Speed of sound in different materials.
Trivia!
Materials Speed of Sound Did you know that the speed of sound is
v (m/s) dependent of several factors?
Air 331 The following are factors affecting the speed
Helium 1005 of sound:
Water 1140 Atmospheric pressure, Relative humidity
Seawater 1560 and atmospheric temperature
Hard wood 4000
Iron and steel 5000
(Source: Alvie J. Asuncion et al., Science- Grade 7 Learner’s Material, Pasig City: Department of
Education ,2013,187-218.)

Let’s Practice

ORGANIZING ‘EM
Directions: List down names of the electromagnetic waves based on their wavelengths
(from shortest wavelength to the longest wavelength based on the illustration
of Electromagnetic wave in figure 6).

1. ______________________________ 4. _______________________________
2._______________________________ 5. _______________________________
3. ______________________________ 6. _______________________________

Pitch Perfect!
Directions: Complete the table below by identifying the type of frequency you can hear
on the following organisms. Use figure 8 as reference. The first one serves
as example.

Organism Frequency range Type of frequency

Cat 45,000Hz- 65,000 Hz Ultrasonic
Human 20 Hz- 20,000 Hz
Dog 50,000 Hz
Bat 100,000 Hz
Elephant 5Hz- 12,000 Hz
Whale 4,000 Hz

6
 Let’s Do More

Let’s Make Waves!

Objectives: After performing the activity, you should be able to describe different types
of waves and explain how they are produced.

Materials Needed
• Rope (1-2 meters) colored ribbon or yarn
• Slinky coil or notebook spring

Procedure
A. Transverse Wave
1. Put a ribbon at one end of the rope then tie one end of the rope in a chair. Try to
move the other end of the rope with your hand up and down until you create a wave
pattern. Observe what happens to the rope and the ribbon.

2. Draw the waves formed by the rope 3. Answer guide questions.

in the box as you see from the
activity. Guide Questions:
Q1. Does the rope form a wave? Yes No
Q2. Does the ribbon move along side with the
ropes motion? Yes No
Q3. What is required to set an object into
motion?
It requires energy in the form of vibration
move an object.
It requires molecules to set an object in a
motion.

B. Longitudinal Wave

1. Attach a colored ribbon or a piece of cloth size of a ribbon in your slinky toy or notebook
spring. Place the slinky toy in a flat surface and try to vibrate it back-and-forth with an
increasing speed. Observe what happens to the motion of the slinky coil and the ribbon.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

7
 2. Draw the wave motion of the slinky 3. Answer guide questions.
toy in the box below.
Guide Questions:
Q4. Describe the vibration of the colored
ribbon, how does it move as waves pass by?
The ribbon moves parallel (same
direction) to the wave motion of the slinky
coil.
The ribbon moves perpendicular to the
wave motion of the slinky coil.
Q5. Does the wave transport the colored ribbon from its original position to the other
end of the slinky toy?
The waves do not affect the movement of the colored ribbon as you pull and
push the coil back-and-forth.
The waves transport the colored ribbon from its original position to the other
end of the slinky coil as you pull and push the coil back-and-forth.

My Own Sounding Box

Objectives: After performing the activity, you should be able to construct a sounding
box to:
1. Demonstrate how sound is produced; and
2. Explain how the speed of sound is different from one medium to another.

Materials Needed
• Shoe box with cover
• Four rubber bands of various thickness Take Care!
• Extra cardboard-optional Handle all sharp tools with care
• Pair of scissors or cutter

Procedure
1. Design your shoe box as shown in the figure below.
2. Slide the cover in a slant position inside the box.
3. Put the thicker rubber band at one end of the box and the thinner one on the other
end. Make sure that the rubber bands are almost equally spaced.
4. Pluck each rubber band and observe what happens to it. Listen to the sound it
produces.
5. Add the rest of the bands according to increasing thickness.
6. Play your sounding box and observe what will happen.
7. Choose the statement that corresponds to your answer by checking the box below
each questions.

Guide questions:

Q1. What physical signs did you observed when you plucked each rubber band?
crack in the rubber bands vibration in the rubber bands

Q2. Did you hear any sound? Yes No

8
Q3. What produced the sound?
the vibrations of the rubber bands the different sizes of the rubber bands

Q4. How different are the sounds produced by each rubber band with different thickness?
The thicker the band the softer is the sound produced.
The thinner the band the louder is the sound produced.

This time use the fingers of one hand and stretch one of
the rubber bands. Pluck the rubber band with the fingers on
the other hand and observe.

Q5. Are there changes in the note when you plucked the
stretched band?
No, there are no changes in the note when I plucked
the stretched band.
Yes, there are changes in the note when I plucked the stretched band.

If your answer is yes, can you explain this change?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

Q6. Which rubber band produced a high pitch sound?

The thinner rubber band which vibrates more frequently produces higher pitch.
The thicker rubber band which vibrates lesser produces higher pitch.
Q7. Can you make a softer sound and louder sound; how can you do it?
No, we cannot produce softer and louder sound just by plucking the rubber
bands.
Yes, we can produce a softer and louder sound by plucking the rubber band
gently or hardly.

Q8. What do you think are the factors that affect the pitch and loudness of the sound
produced by the rubber bands?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Sum It Up

Directions: Read the following statements and underline the correct word /words
that correspond/s to your answer.

• (Wave / Vibration) is a periodic disturbance that moves away from a source and
carries energy with it.
• (Mechanical wave / Electromagnetic wave) does not require a medium to
propagate.
• Sound waves are (electromagnetic waves / mechanical waves) that need a
medium for propagation.
• Frequencies greater than the audible range are known as (ultrasonic / infrasonic).
• Pitch is dependent on the frequency of sound wave. The higher the frequency of the
sound the (higher / lower) the pitch of the sound produced.

9
 Let’s Assess
Directions: Read and understand each item carefully. Circle the letter of the correct
answer.

1. Which among the following statement is NOT TRUE about waves?

A. Waves transfer particles (matter) and energy.
B. Waves have the capacity to transmit messages.
C. Waves can be classified as either mechanical or electromagnetic.
D. Waves carry energy from place to place but the particles do not move with the waves.

2. What is the difference between a mechanical and an electromagnetic wave?

A. Electromagnetic waves are produced by the vibration of charged particles while
mechanical wave is not capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum.
B. Electromagnetic wave requires a medium in order to transport their energy from one
location to another and mechanical waves do not require a medium.
C. Electromagnetic waves are caused by wave amplitude while mechanical waves are
caused by frequency.
D. Examples of electromagnetic waves are longitudinal, transverse and surface waves
while mechanical waves include infrared, ultraviolet and gamma rays.

3. Which of the following is NOT an example of electromagnetic wave?

A. Longitudinal Wave B. Radio Wave C. Ultraviolet D. X-ray

4. If transverse wave moves the particles of the medium perpendicular to the direction of
the wave or path of propagation, how about longitudinal wave?
A. In an elliptical motion, producing both vertical and horizontal component of motion in
the direction of wave propagation.
B. Parallel to the direction that the wave travels.
D. Through the vacuum of the outer space.
C. Through any material.

5. What do sound waves need in order to travel?

A. someone to make them B. medium C. vibrations D. solids

6. Which of the following BEST describes a high frequency sound?

A. high pitch C. low energy
B. low pitch D. low pitch and low energy

7. Which of the following will we NOT be able to hear any sound?

A. solid medium C. gas medium
B. liquid medium D. in a vacuum

8. What will happen to the pitch of the sound if the frequency increases?
A. becomes low B. increase C. decrease D. remains the same

9. A fire truck has its siren on. What direction is the fire truck moving relative to you if the
siren is decreasing in pitch?
A. away from you C. maintaining the same position
B. behind you D. towards you

10. Which of the following frequency range is audible to human ear?

A. 0 Hz -15 Hz C. 25,000 Hz - 50,000 Hz
B. 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz D. 50,000 Hz - 100,000 Hz
10
 Answer Key
Let’s Do More Let’s Do More
Let’s Try
1.A 2.D 3. B 4. A 5.A
6.D 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. B
1. Vibration in the
Let’s Practice Let’s Practice
1.Yes rubber band.
2.Yes 2. Yes
3.It requires energy 3. The vibration of
in the form of the rubber band.
vibration to move 4. The thicker the
Gamma rays Organis Type of
an object. band, the lower the
(lowest) m frequency
4.The ribbon moves sound is being
X-ray Cat Ultrasonic produced.
parallel to the wave
Ultraviolet rays Human Audible motion of the slinky 5. Yes
Visible light Dog Ultrasonic coil. Answers may vary.
Infrared Bat Ultrasonic 5.The wave 6. The thinner
Microwave Elephant Infrasonic transports the rubber bands.
Radio waves Whale Infrasonic colored ribbon from 7. Yes, we can
(highest) its original position produce a softer and
to the end of the louder sound by
slinky coil. plucking the rubber
band gently or
hardly.
Let’s Sum It Up Let’s Assess 8. Answers may
• wave 1. D 6. A vary.
• electromagnetic 2. A 7. D
wave 3. A 8. C
• mechanical wave 4. B 9. A
• ultrasonic 5. B 10. B
• higher

References

Book
Asuncion, AJ, H.D.H Catalan PhD, L.V Catris PhD, M.B Ferido PhD, JR.M Gutierrez,
MA. B Mantala, C.M Maramag, I.P Mejia, E.C Jr Obille, R.L Reyes, PhD,MD,O
Sebastian, M.C Tan PhD ,and R.T Reyes PhD. Science-Grade 7 Learner’s Material
(1st Edition). Pasig City: Department of Education. 2013.

Website
My NASA data. “Electromagnetic Spectrum.” Last modified March 8, 2021.
https://mynasadata.larc.nasa.gov/basic-page/electromagnetic-spectrum-diagram.

11
FEEDBACK SLIP

A. FOR THE LEARNER

Thank you very much for using this CLAS. This learner’s material is
aimed at ensuring your worthwhile learning through the help of your family
members. For feedback purposes, kindly answer the following questions: YES NO
1. Are you happy and contented with your learning experiences using
this CLAS?

2. Were you able to follow the processes and procedures that were
indicated in the different learning activities?

3. Were you guided by anybody from your family while using this
CLAS?

4. Was there any part of this CLAS that you found difficult? If yes,
please specify what it was and why.

B. FOR THE PARENTS / GUARDIANS

Do you have any suggestions or recommendations on how we can
make improvements to this CLAS to better serve the learners?

Yes (Please indicate what this is/these are.)

None

Contact Number: __________________________________

NAME OF SCHOOL:

Teacher’s Name and Signature:

Parent’s / Guardian’s Name and Signature:

Date Received:

Date Returned:

12