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  • Alter Lab4

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    karim mohamed
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    The document discusses how to use ALTER TABLE statements to modify database tables. It describes how to add or drop columns, change column data types, and add or drop constraints like primary keys, foreign keys, unique constraints, check constraints, and default constraints. Specific SQL examples are provided for each operation.

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    The document discusses how to use ALTER TABLE statements to modify database tables. It describes how to add or drop columns, change column data types, and add or drop constraints like primary keys, foreign keys, unique constraints, check constraints, and default constraints. Specific SQL examples are provided for each operation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    8 views4 pages

    Alter Lab4

    Uploaded by

    karim mohamed
    The document discusses how to use ALTER TABLE statements to modify database tables. It describes how to add or drop columns, change column data types, and add or drop constraints like primary keys, foreign keys, unique constraints, check constraints, and default constraints. Specific SQL examples are provided for each operation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Database2 (Section 3)

    Alter

    table constraint
    Add column Add constraint
    Drop column Drop constraint
    Alter datatype

    1. Alter table
    1.1.Add column:

    Alter table table_name


    Add column_name datatype

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    add salary money

    1.2.Drop column:

    Alter table table_name


    Drop column column_name

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    drop column salary
    1.3.Alter datatype:

    Alter table table_name


    Alter column column_name datatape not null

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    alter column salary money not null

    2. alter constraint:
    2.1.add constraint:

     unique:

    alter table table_name


    add constraint const_name const_type (column_name)

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    add constraint un_tele unique (tele)

     primary key:

    alter table table_name


    add constraint const_name const_type (column_name)

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    add constraint e_eid_pk primary key(employee_id)
     foreign key

    alter table table_name


    add constraint const_name const_type (column_name) references
    table_name (column_name)

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    add constraint emp_dno_fk foreign key(dno) references
    departments(deptid)

     check

    alter table table_name


    add constraint const_name const_type (column_name & value)

    Ex:

    alter table employees


    add constraint ck_emp_gender check(gender ='male' or
    gender ='female')

     default

    alter table table_name


    add constraint const_name const_type value for column_name

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    add constraint def_emp_gender default 'male' for
    gender
    2.2.drop constraint

    alter table table_name


    drop constraint const_name

    Ex:
    alter table employees
    drop constraint def_emp_gender

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