History of Arch - Greek Glossary

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Термины в модуле (67)

a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of

the capital of a column.
Abacus

citadel or complex built on a high hill overlooking a city,

in Ancient Greece, it was the religious center of the city
Acropolis
and was occupied by temples.

a decorative pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to

support an ornament, more usually, the ornament itself.
Acroterion

a public open space that serves as a meeting ground for

citizens in Ancient Greece - the civic, political, and
Agora
commercial center.

an ancient temple with a portico both at the front and

the rear, with the naos in between. an important example
Amphiprostyle
is the Temple of Athena Nike.

narrow, small square components in a column,

commonly in the base or the capital.
Annulets / Listels / Fillets / Laths

posts/pillars on either side of a doorway of a Greek

temple, slightly projecting.
Antae

lowest part of the entablature, immediately above the

capital of a column.
Architrave

the residential and urban spaces of the city in Ancient

Greece.
Asty

a name specifically given for the base of Ionic columns,

which consist of an astragal, scotia, and a torus,
Attic Base
separated by laths.
History of Arch - Greek Glossary
 vertical molded shaft found in stairways.

Baluster

in the Hippodamian plan, an orthogonal way of dividing

up a city and organizing the space to allow citizens to
Block (Urban)
live.

a building for public meetings where issues were voted

and decided on, all citizens had the equal right to speak.
Bouleuterion

a sculpted female figure serving as the support for an

entablature, taking the position of a column/pillar.
Caryatid

large curved barrel-vaulted corridor beneath audience

seating in theatres.
Cavea

Chora land surrounding a poleis with cultivated fields.

the topmost element of the entablature.

Cornice

the multilevel platform, typically three steps, on which a

Greek temple stood.
Crepidoma

a passage in the auditorium of ancient Greek theatres

dividing lower and upper seats for convenience of
Diazoma (Gangway)
access.

a temple surrounded by two rows of columns.

Dipteral

a rounded molding below an abacus on a Doric or Ionic

capital, usually decorated with an egg and dart motif.
Echinus

decoration found in moldings, consists of a series of oval

reliefs alternating with pointed narrow dat carvings.
Egg and Dart Motif

the uppermost portion of a column, comprising of the

architrave, frieze, and cornice.
Entablature

a slight convex curve in the shaft of a column,

introduced to correct the visual illusion of concavity
Entasis
produced by a straight shaft.

shallow, usually vertical grooves running along the

surface of a column shaft.
Flutings

History of Arch - Greek Glossary

 horizontal element in the entablature, above the
architrave, below the cornice, usually contains a
Frieze
decorative, sculpted element.

small, water repelling, cone shaped projection used in

the architrave of the Doric order.
Guttae

in ancient Greece, functioned as a training facility for

competitors in public games, also used as a place for
Gymnasium
socializing and intellectual pursuits.

a sculpture with a head and perhaps a torso above a

plain square lower section.
Herma

a city plan devised by Hippodamos of Miletos in which a

strict grid was imposed so that all streets would meet at
Hippodamian Plan
right angles, and citizens were divided into 3 distinct
social classes.

In antis in ancient Greek architecture, between the antae.

one of the three main styles of Greek architecture. The

column is slender and finely fluted; its capital is in the
Ionic
shape of a scroll.

a covered exterior corridor, supported by a series of

columns or arches.
Loggia

above ground structure that houses burial spaces.

Mausoleum

a rectangular architectural element that fills the space

between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze.
Metope

decorative border constructed from a continuous line

shaped into a repeated motif.
Meander (Greek fret)

the chamber at the center of an ancient temple; in a

classical temple, the room in which the cult statue
Naos / Cella
usually stood.

continuation of the shaft but which is set off from it

visually by narrow grooves.
Necking (Hypotrachelium)

Oikos the family, the family/s property, the house - the basic unit of society in most Greek city-states.

Opsithodomos the rear room of an ancient Greek temple.

the circular space used by the chorus in front of the

proscenium in an ancient Greek theater.
Orchestra

History of Arch - Greek Glossary

 styles of classical architecture, each distinguishable by
certain proportions or characteristics.
Order

side entrance to the stage in ancient Greek theatres

Parodos

the triangular upper part of the front of a building in

classical style, typically surmounting a portico of
Pediment
columns, usually containing decorative elements.

type of ancient Greek temple surrounded by a portico

with columns.
Peripteral

a central courtyard with porticoes usually on all four

sides.
Peristyle (Peristylium)

Pillar vertical element with a square section.

streets that are oriented East-West, smaller number than Stenopoi, distant from each other,
Plateiai (East-West)
larger.

an architectural support or base for a column or statue,

or a decorative vase.
Plinth

the inner area of the portico of a Greek temple, leading

to the cella/naos.
Pronaos

the part of a theater stage in front of the curtain - the

metaphorical concept of the 'fourth wall' separating the
Proscenium
audience from the actors.

Prostas an antechamber in a temple.

a specific type of temple featuring a row of columns in

the front.
Prostyle

a concave molding used in the bases of columns.

Scotia

essentially a structure at the back of the stage in a

theatre, used for costume changes and as a background
Skene
before which the drama was enacted.

structures used for foot races in ancient Greece.

Stadium

streets that are oriented North-South, more numerous and narrower than plateiai and closer
Stenopoi (North-South)
together.

Stereobates the lower levels of a crepidoma upon which temples were placed.

History of Arch - Greek Glossary

 an ancient Greek covered and colonnaded walkway for
public use - usually surrounded the agora of a city.
Stoa

the top step of the crepidoma upon which temples were

placed.
Stylobate

as told by Aristotle, the random/spontaneous process during which different Greek villages
Synecism
combined into larger poleis.

architectural support sculpted in the form of a man.

Telamon

round structure built upon a podium with a ring of

columns supporting a domed roof.
Tholos

a convex semi-circular molding, larger than an astragal,

often at the base of a column.
Torus

a triple projecting, grooved pattern of a Doric frieze that

alternates with metopes.
Triglyph

semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface that

fills the space between the lintel and arch over a
Tympanum
doorway/entrance.

a spiral, scroll-like form characteristic of the Ionic and

Composite architectural orders.
Volute