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S4 Is Geog 2023-24
S4 Is Geog 2023-24
S4 Is Geog 2023-24
2023-2024
S.4 Integrated Stream Geography
Teaching Scheme
A. Breakdown of S.4 Integrated Stream Geography
Paper 1: Physical Geography Paper 2: Human Geography
Teacher and Session Autumn Winter & Spring
Weighting: 40% 60%
Marks: 70 105
Duration: 1 hour and 10 minutes 1 hour and 45 minutes
Section/ Question type: A. River, coastal and hazardous environment (50 marks, 2 out of 3) A. Economic activity and energy, rural environments and urban
B. Fieldwork-related: river, coastal and hazardous environment (20 environments (50 marks, 2 out of 3)
marks, 1 out of 3) B. Fieldwork-related: economic activity and energy, rural environments
and urban environments (20 marks, 1 out of 3)
C. Global issues: fragile environments and climate change, globalization
and migration, development and human welfare (35 marks, 1 out of 3)
B. Assessment Design
Session Component Weighting
Assignments / Projects (5%)
Daily 20% Fieldwork report (5%)
Autumn
Quizzes / Tests (10%)
UT 20%
Assignments / Projects (5%)
Daily 20% Fieldwork report (5%)
Winter and Spring
Quizzes / Tests (10%)
Exam 40%
C. Mark-to-grade ratio
Approximate Marks (%) Level (S4 IGCSE) Descriptor GPA
75.0-100.0 A* Excellent EX 5
70.0-74.9 A Very Good VG 4
60.0-69.9 B Good GD 3.5
50.0-59.9 C Fairly Good FG 3
45.0-49.9 D 2
Pass Pass
40.0-44.9 E 1
30.0-39.9 F Need Great Effort NGE 0
0.0-29.9 U Far Below Standard FBS 0
Autumn Session (11 weeks)
Week Specification Reference/Content Knowledge/Concepts Case Studies Skills Activities & Assessments
1 PAPER 1 Assign F.A.I.L pre-topic quiz.
Unit 3: Hazardous Environments (Weeks 1-4) Distribute learning guides.
Course introduction on S.4 IGCSE Geography, rough
outline and pre-topic quiz on existing prior knowledge of Use videos to introduce hazardous
Natural Hazards. environments and to show different
real-life examples of natural hazards.
3.1 Some places are more hazardous than others. • Characteristics, (3.1a) Use world maps
3.1a What are the characteristics, distribution and distribution and to show the distribution Use a matching activity to help
measurement of different types of natural hazards including measurement of of different hazards. consolidate students’ understanding
tropical cyclones, earthquakes and volcanoes? different types of of the different types of natural
• Introducing ‘Hazardous Environments’. natural hazards hazards.
• Drawing links to S3 ‘Living with Natural Hazards’.
• Briefly start looking at examples of natural hazards
in the world and the categories of natural hazards: (3.1b) Use social media
geological, climatic, biological and technological. sources, satellite
images and socio-
3.1b Tropical cyclone hazards. • Causes of natural economic data to assess
What are the causes of tropical cyclone hazards, including hazards (tropical varying impacts.
ocean temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind shear and the cyclones)
Coriolis force? (3.1c) Use a range of
• Role of plate different maps to show Use videos, animations and models
3.1c Volcanic and earthquake hazards. boundaries and links between tectonic to show the role of plate tectonics
What are the causes of volcanic and earthquake hazards, hotspots (plate boundary and hazard and boundaries.
including the role of plate tectonics, boundaries and boundaries) type.
hotspots.
2 3.2 Hazards have an impact on people and the • Primary and Case Study: (3.2c) Use social media Learning Guide: Work on compiling
environment. secondary, Typhoon Jebi sources, satellite information and studying the
3.2c What are the shorter-term and longer-term impacts of shorter-term and (2018), images and socio- multiple case studies for tropical
one earthquake, one volcano and one tropical cyclone longer-term Hurricane economic data to assess cyclones, volcanic eruptions and
(located examples/case studies) impacts Katrina (2005) varying earthquakes.
and Typhoon impacts.
Haiyan (2013) Quiz 1: Key terms, definitions and
3.2b Explain why some countries are more vulnerable multiple-choice questions on
(physically, socially and economically) than others to the • Why some Case Study: identifying types of hazards. Short
impacts of natural hazards. countries are Mount Merapi questions including [2019P1Q3c]
more vulnerable and Mount “Suggest a factor that influences the
to natural hazards Ontake cause and another factor that
influences the direction of tropical
Case Study: cyclones.”
Nepal and
Central Italy
3 3.3 Earthquakes present a hazard to many people and • Earthquake (3.3a) Use GIS to 8-Marker Practice:
need to be managed carefully. management investigate preparation [2020P1Q3g]
3.3a-b How do people prepare for and respond to strategies for earthquake hazards. “Analyse the differences between
earthquakes? (Preparation for earthquakes and short-term the tropical cyclone hazards and
responses and relief) • Short-term impacts.” (8)
• Preparation: warning systems and evacuation, responses and
building designs and quake-proof buildings, remote long-term 8-Marker Practice:
sensing and GIS and education (earthquake planning [SAMP1Q3h]
management strategies). “Analyse the differences between
• Responses: emergency aid, shelter and supplies. these three earthquakes.” (8)
8-Marker Practice:
[2021P1NQ3]
“Analyse the different strategies for
preparing for earthquakes.” (8)
8-Marker Practice:
[2022P1RQ1h]
“Analyse the factors that affect the
river regime shown in Figure 1c.”
(8)
6 1.2 Physical processes give rise to characteristic river • Fluvial processes Mini-Quiz/Activity on identifying
landforms. in river valley different river landforms from
1.2a What are the fluvial processes involved in river valley and channel images including [2019P1Q1e]
and river channel formations? formation Waterfall and [2019P1RQ1e]
• Fluvial processes: erosion (vertical and lateral), Meander.
weathering, mass movement, transportation and
deposition. Practice short questions for fluvial
• Factors affecting these processes: climate, slope, processes including [2021P1Q1b(ii)]
geology, altitude and aspect. “Explain how abrasion erodes the
river channel.” and the formation of
1.2b How does channel shape (width, depth), valley profile (1.2b) Use geology various landforms including
(long and cross profiles), gradient, velocity, discharge and • Changes in river maps (paper or online) [2019P1RQ1f]
sediment size and shape change along the course of a river? landscapes (e.g. to link river long “Explain the formation of an ox bow
downstream profiles to geology. lake.”
1.2c How do river landscapes change over the course of a changes)
river with distinctive upland and lowland landforms? • River upland and (1.2c) Use GIS to map
• What are the changing river landscapes (upland and lowland river systems.
lowland landforms)? landforms
• Upland: V-shaped valleys, interlocking spurs and
waterfalls.
• Lowland: meanders, oxbow lakes, flood plains and
levees.
7 Geographical Fieldwork Skills: Investigating River • Channel and Fieldwork skills: Fieldwork presentations and
Environments sediment investigating changes fieldwork essay practice.
characteristics in characteristics
(changes in downstream.
characteristics
downstream)
8 1.3 River environments are of great importance to people • Water uses, 8-Marker Practice:
and need to be sustainably managed demand and [2019P1Q1g]
1.3a What are the uses of water (water demand and supply “Analyse the reasons for variations
consumption)? • Water quality and in water quality.” (8)
• Uses of water (consumption): agriculture, industry, pollution
human hygiene, leisure.
• The rising demand for and supply of water: areas of
water shortage and water surplus (differences
between a developed and developing country).
1.3b What are the reasons for variations in water quality? (1.3b) Use different
• What are the sources of water pollution? How do maps (paper or online)
sewage, agricultural, industrial, domestic, tourism to investigate the
and recreational uses of water pollute water? impact of human
intervention.
9 1.3c What are the causes of river flooding? • River flooding (1.3c) Use weather and 8-Marker Practice:
• Including rainfall intensity, seasonal variations in (causes and climate data. [2019P1RQ1g]
discharge due to monsoons or snowmelt, relief, control / “Analyse the reasons why areas
urbanization and the prediction and prevention of management) differ in the risk of river flooding.”
flooding (8)
1.3a-c River management case study from a developed Quiz 2: Key terms, definitions, short
country questions including [2022P1Q1g]
• Covering usage, water quality and flooding “Explain how erosion can form
waterfalls”, [2021P1Q1d] “Explain
1.3a-c River management case study from a developing or one way agriculture can affect water
emerging country quality.”, [2019P1RQ1c] “Suggest
• Covering usage, water quality and flooding two ways in which water quality can
be affected by people.”,
[2022P1Q1d] “Explain one
advantage and one disadvantage of
the flood prevention measures
shown.”, and
8-marker question: [2021P1Q1g]
“Analyse the factors that can affect
river flood risk.” (8)
8-Marker Practice:
[2019P2Q3i] From LG1 -
“Analyse the reasons for the
distribution of the world’s largest
cities” (8)
8-Marker Practice:
[2020P2Q3i]
“Analyse the factors leading to the
different patterns of urbanisation
shown in Figure 3c.” (8)
11 6.1c What are the problems associated with rapid • Problems (6.1c) Interpret Practice Question / Mini-Quiz on
urbanisation: congestion, transport, employment, crime and associated with photographs and questions with photos that show the
environmental issues? urbanisation different maps (paper area is experiencing problems
or online) to investigate associated with rapid urbanisation
6.2 Cities face a range of social and environmental the impacts of rapid like [2020P2Q3d] “Suggest one
challenges resulting from rapid growth and resource urbanisation. piece of evidence that shows this
demands. urban area may experience problems
• Quality of life associated with rapid urbanisation.”
6.2c Urban challenges in a named developing country or • Squatter Case Study:
emerging country: squatter settlements, informal economy, settlements Nairobi,
urban pollution, and low quality of life. • Urban pollution Kenya /
Lagos, Nigeria
• Informal
economy
Winter Session (12 weeks)
Week Specification Reference/Content Knowledge/Concepts Case Studies Skills Activities & Assessments
1 Unit 6: Urban Environments (Weeks 1-3) • Urban land use Case Study: Hong (6.2b) Use and 8-Marker Practice:
• Urban challenges Kong interpret socio- [Specimen Paper 2018Q3f]
6.2b Urban challenges in a named developed country: food, economic data. From LG2 -
energy, transport and waste disposal demands, concentrated “Analyse the different challenges
resource consumption, segregation. (6.2a) Use that affect urban environments in
satellite images to developed countries.” (8)
6.2a What are the factors affecting urban land use patterns: identify different
locational needs, accessibility, land values? land uses in the Practice Question / Mini-Quiz on
chosen urban questions with photos that ask
environment. “Explain two pieces of evidence
that shows this is a central urban
area.”
2 6.3 Different strategies can be used to manage social, • Development on (6.3b) Use Videos on Masdar City
economic and environmental challenges in a sustainable the urban fringe quantitative and development and sustainable
manner. • Sustainability qualitative urban living in Curitiba, Brazil.
• Quality of life information to
Urban environments case studies (one developed country judge the scale in Students’ presentation on
and one developing/emerging country) variations in different examples/case studies
environmental of how certain countries have
6.3a Development of the rural-urban fringe: housing estates, quality. made urban living more
retail, business and science parks, industrial estates, and the sustainable/improved quality of
greenfield versus brownfield debate. • Urban challenges life.
• Roles of different
6.3b The range of possible strategies aimed at making urban groups of people Quiz 2: Key terms, definitions,
living more sustainable and improving the quality of life Case Study: Curitiba, short questions on factors
(waste disposal, transport, education, health, employment Brazil affecting quality of life, ways the
and housing) for the chosen urban environment. rural-urban fringe has developed
Case Study: Masdar and how urban challenges have
6.3c Role of different groups of people (planners, City, Abu Dhabi been managed in
politicians, property developers and industrialists) in (UAE) developing/emerging or
managing the social, economic and environmental developed countries.
challenges in the chosen urban area.
3 Geographical Fieldwork Skills: Investigating Urban • Environmental Fieldwork skills: 8-Marker Practice:
Environments quality investigating [Sample Exemplar Paper Q3h]
changes in From LG2 -
• Urban environmental “Analyse the social and
redevelopment quality and land economic challenges associated
• Land use use of urban with rapid urbanisation.” (8)
environments.
Whole Unit Test
6-Marker Practice:
[Sample Exemplar Paper
Example 13 Q7e] From LG2 -
“Assess the impacts of climate
change on fragile environments.”
(6)
6 7.2b Social, economic and environmental impacts of • Impacts of (7.2c) Use and Practice short questions on
deforestation (loss of biodiversity, contribution to climate deforestation interpret line calculations e.g.
change, economic development and increased soil erosion). • Biodiversity graphs/bar charts [2019P2Q7d(i)] From LG1 -
• Climate change showing climate “Calculate the range in CO2
7.2c Negative effects that climate change is having on • Economic change and sea emissions in India between 1960
fragile environments and people (rising sea levels, more development level change. and 2015.”
hazards, ecosystem changes, reduced employment • Soil erosion
opportunities, changing settlement patterns, health and
• Negative effects of
wellbeing challenges, including food supply).
climate change on
the environment
and people
7 7.3 The responses to desertification, deforestation and • Technology Case Study: 12-Marker Practice:
climate change vary depending on a country’s level of • Sustainable use and Rainforest [2019P2Q7f] From LG3
development. management management in the “Those people contributing the
Amazon, Brazil most to climate change will
7.3a How technology can resolve water-resource shortages experience the greatest impact”.
in fragile environments under threat from desertification. (12)
7.3b Different approaches to the sustainable use and Quiz 2: 6-marker ‘assess’
management of a rainforest in a named region to limit the question [2019P2Q7e] From
extent of deforestation. LG1 - “Assess the different
human factors that cause climate
change.” (6) and 12-marker
‘discuss’ question [2021P2Q7f]
“Deforestation represents the
most significant threat to fragile
environments.” (12), and attempt
the ‘assess’ question
[2021P2Q7e] as well (6).
8 7.3c Different responses to global warming and climate • Individual, Case Study: Solomon Whole Unit Test
change from individuals, organisations and governments in a organisational and Islands’ Response
named developed and a named emerging or developing governmental
country. responses to global Case Study: The
warming UK’s Response
4.1c Reasons for the changes in the numbers of people • Availability of raw
employed in each economic sector, including the availability materials
of raw materials, globalisation, mechanisation, demographic • Globalisation
changes and government policies. • Mechanisation
• Demographic
changes
• Government
policies
10 4.2 The growth and decline of different economic sectors • Impacts of Case Study: Ethiopia (4.2a) Use Quiz 1: Key terms, definitions of
has resulted in a range of impacts and possible resource economic sector – pre-industrial numerical the different economic sectors
issues. shifts country economic data to and short questions on reasons
profile the chosen for sector shifts.
4.2a Positive and negative impacts of economic sector shifts Case Study: China – country.
in a named developed and a named developing or emerging a rapidly emerging 8-Marker Practice:
country. country [2019P2Q1i] From LG1 -
“Analyse the reasons for changes
4.2b Informal employment: causes (economic development, • Informal Case Study: UK – (4.2b) Interpret in primary and quaternary
rural- urban migration) and characteristics (advantages and employment post-industrial photographs and employment.” (8)
disadvantages) in a named megacity. (causes and country newspaper
characteristics articles. Practice Questions: Questions
• Economic Case Study: Informal with images that ask to “suggest
development employment in one piece of evidence that shows
• Rural-urban Dhaka, Bangladesh / there is informal employment in
migration Lagos, Nigeria this photograph.”
• Megacities
11 4.2c Different theories (Malthus and Boserup) are used to • Relationship (4.2c) Use and 8-Marker Practice:
explain the relationship between population and resources. between resources interpret line [2019P2Q] From LG2 –
and population graphs showing “Analyse the reasons for the
4.3 Countries increasingly experience an energy gap and (Malthus and changes in different population and resource
therefore seek energy security by developing a balanced Boserup) population and relationships shown.” (8)
energy mix and sustainable energy use. resources over
Energy resource management case studies (one developed time.
country and one developing/emerging country) Quiz 2: Key terms, definitions,
• Energy demand short questions like
4.3a Energy demand and production varies globally and is and production [2019P2Q1h] “Explain two
affected by a range of factors: population growth, increased reasons why the production of
wealth and technological advances. energy varies between countries”
or “demand”, and a 8-marker
question on [2021P2Q1f]
“Analyse the possible reasons
why energy consumption has
grown.”
12 4.3b Non-renewable, e.g. coal, oil, natural gas, uranium and • Renewable and Case Study: Qatar Whole Unit Test: Include short
shale gas/oil, and renewable sources of energy, e.g. solar, non-renewable questions with images that test
wind, hydroelectric power (HEP), geothermal, biomass, energy Case Study: India students’ knowledge on the
have advantages and disadvantages for people and the • Energy resource advantages and disadvantages of
environment. management Case Study: Nepal different types of renewable
• Effects on people energy, e.g. (from LG3 “suggest
4.3c Energy can be managed in a sustainable way through and the (4.3c) Calculate one advantage of the power
education, efficiency and conservation (within industry, environment carbon and source shown in Figure 1b”), as
transport and the home). • Sustainability ecological well as on questions with images
• Education, footprints. asking students to “suggest two
efficiency and ways this house has been adapted
conservation to manage energy
consumption/sustainable energy
consumption”, and how specific
developing/emerging or
developed countries have
managed energy resources
sustainably.
Session Week Dates Topic
Autumn Session 1 4-8 Sept Topic 3: Hazardous Environments
(11 weeks) 2 11-15 Sept Topic 3: Hazardous Environments
3 18-22 Sept Topic 3: Hazardous Environments
4 25-29 Sept Topic 3: Hazardous Environments
5 2-6 Oct Topic 1: River Environments
6 9-13 Oct Topic 1: River Environments
7 16-20 Oct Topic 1: River Environments
8 23-27 Oct Topic 1: River Environments
9 30 Oct-3 Nov Topic 1: River Environments
10 6-10 Nov Topic 6: Urban Environments
11 13-17, 20 Nov Topic 6: Urban Environments
ASUT 21-24, 27 Nov Uniform Test 1 for S4 Integrated Stream