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Lenh Lap Trinh TIEN - CNC
Lenh Lap Trinh TIEN - CNC
Cac lenh G lap trnh theo DIN 66025 va cac lenh khac
G00 Chay nhanh, khong noi suy G01 Chay gia cong thang G02 Chay gia cong cung cung chieu kim ong ho G03 Chay gia cong cung ngc chieu kim ong ho G04 Thi gian dng G09 Dng chnh xac (Dng toa o) G20/G21 oi n v o: Inch/Milimet G22 Goi chng trnh con G23 Lap lai phan chng trnh G24 Lenh nhay khong ieu kien G25 Chay ti iem tham chieu G26 Chay ve iem thay dao G28 nh v tr u ong G33 Tien ren G40/G41/G42 Hieu chnh ban knh dao (SRK) G48 Chay nhanh vi v tr ch G50/G51 Mo ta bien dang l tng: Bat au/Ket thuc G53 Xoa lenh dch chuyen iem 0 (tng oi) G54 Dch chuyen iem 0 (tuyet oi) G55/G56/G58 Dch chuyen iem 0 (tuyet oi) G59 Dch chuyen iem 0 (tng oi) G90/G91 oi d kien kch thc: tuyet oi/tng oi G92 Gii han so vong quay G94/G95 oi d kien lng chay dao: mm/phut hoac mm/vong G96/G97 Toc o cat: Hang so/Xoa bo
Copyright (c) 2000 MTS GmbH Berlin
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P0
Vi tr
Toa o iem ch (X va Z) co the c lap trnh hoac theo kch thc tuyet oi <G90> hoac theo kch thc tng oi <G91>. G00 X... Z... V du cho d kien kch thc tuyet oi cua toa o iem ch: N030 G90 N040 G00 X48 Z-26 Toa o tuyet oi X lien quan ti ng knh. V du cho d kien kch thc tng oi cua toa o iem ch: N030 G91 N040 G00 X-10,5 Z-31
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P0 (Werkzeugposition)
Vi tr dao
Cac toa o iem ch (X, va Z) co the lap trnh hoac theo kch thc tuyet oi <G90> hoac theo kch thc tng oi <G91>. G01 X... Z... Toa o tuyet oi X (G90) lien quan ti (tinh theo) ng knh. V du cho G90: N030 N040 N050 N060 N030 N040 N050 N060 G00 X39 Z2 G01 X39 Z0 G90 G01 X48 Z-37 G00 X39 Z2 G01 X39 Z0 G91 G01 X4.5 Z-37
V du cho G91:
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3. Gia cong cung tron chay cung chieu kim ong ho: G02
P0
iem tam
Gia cong mot cung tron chay cung chieu kim ong ho co the c lap trnh vi lenh G02. Cac toa o iem ch X va Z c ch dan tuyet oi va cac toa o tam I va K tng oi so vi iem xuat phat. G02 X... Z... I... K... X, Z Cac toa o tuyet oi cua iem ch I, K Cac toa o tam cung tron, tng oi so vi iem xuat phat V du: N030 G00 X40 Z2 N040 G01 X40 Z0 N050 G02 X60 Z-29.94 I31.92 K-5.98
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4. Chay gia cong cung tron chay ngc chieu kim ong: G03
P0
iem tam
Gia cong mot cung tron chay ngc chieu kim ong ho co the c lap trnh vi lenh G03. Cac toa o iem ch X va Z c ch dan tuyet oi va cac toa o tam I va K tng oi so vi iem xuat phat. G03 X... Z... I... K... X, Z Cac toa o iem ch tuyet oi I, K Cac toa o tam cung tron, tng oi so vi iem xuat phat V du: N030 G00 X40 Z2 N040 G01 X40 Z0 N050 G03 X60 Z-29.94 I-20.95 K-23.64
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Cc lnh lp trnh Tin CNC theo DIN - 66025 - M "G" 7. oi n v o: Inch/Milimet: G20/G21 n v o Inch hoac Milimet c chuyen tng ng cho nhau bang cac lenh G20 hoac G21. G20 (Inch) G21 (Milimet) Tat ca cac d kien ve toa o se thay oi sang he Inch hoac Milimet ngay sau khi lap trnh vi cac lenh nay. Ngoai ra cac n v d lieu cong nghe cung t thay oi. G20: Lng chay dao bang Inch/vong Toc o cat bang Foot/phut G21: Lng chay dao bang mm/vong Toc o cat bang Met/phut Cac lenh G20 va G21 phai ng oc lap trong mot cau lenh NC. Chung co tac dung mai ti khi mot n v khac c thay the. Ket thuc chng trnh NC (M30) he ieu khien t ong tr ve n v o a c nh dang.
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O va Q phai c lap trnh. Lap trnh S c la chon. Neu khong lap trnh S, th phan chng trnh lap lai mot lan. G23 khong c phep lap trnh trong mot chng trnh con.
So th t cau lenh cua chng trnh chnh ma viec gia cong can dien ra tiep tuc. Lenh G24 khong c phep lap trnh trong mot chng trnh con.
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Cac a ch O va Q co the c lap trnh vi nhieu gia tr khac nhau trong lenh NC a chc nang G25. Neu cac a ch O va Q khong c lap trnh, th iem chuan Revolver se chay nhanh ti iem tham chieu theo cac truc X va Z (Theo ng trc tiep). Hay chu y v tr tc thi cua dung cu khi lap trnh vi lenh G25 e tranh cho au Revolver co the chay khong co va cham. O0 Chay ti iem tham chieu X va Z (Tieu chuan) O1 Chay ti iem tham chieu thay o) O2 Chay ti iem tham chieu thay o) O3 Chay ti iem tham chieu ti toa o Z O4 Chay ti iem tham chieu ti toa o X Q0 Chay ti iem tham chieu Q1 vi noi suy ng cua cac toa o ch vi toa o X (Z Ton tai khong ch vi toa o Z (X Ton tai khong trc tien vi toa o X va sau o trc tien vi toa o Z va sau o vi iem chuan cua o dung cu
e lap trnh G25 th d kien toa o khong can thiet v v tr cua iem tham chieu trong cau hnh may a c xac nh va do vay he ieu khien a nhan biet c. ieu chnh nay trong cau hnh may CNC c tiep nhan trong mo phong CNC cua MTS.
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Cac a ch O va Q co the c lap trnh vi nhieu gia tr khac nhau trong lenh NC a chc nang G26. Neu cac a ch O va Q khong c lap trnh, th iem chuan Revolver se chay nhanh ti iem thay dung cu theo cac truc X va Z (Theo ng trc tiep). Hay chu y v tr tc thi cua dung cu khi lap trnh vi lenh G26 e tranh cho au Revolver co the chay khong co va cham. O0 Chay ti iem va Z (Tieu chuan) O1 Chay ti iem o) O2 Chay ti iem o) O3 Chay ti iem toa o Z O4 Chay ti iem toa o X Q0 Chay ti iem Q1 Chay ti iem thay dao vi noi suy ng cua cac toa o X thay dao ch vi toa o X (Z Ton tai khong thay thay dao ch vi toa o Z (X Ton tai khong thay thay dao trc tien vi toa o X va sau o ti thay dao trc tien vi toa o Z va sau o ti thay dao vi iem chuan cua o dung cu thay dao vi iem chuan cua ga dung cu
e lap trnh G26 th d kien toa o khong can thiet v v tr cua iem thay dao trong cau hnh may a c xac nh va do vay he ieu khien a nhan biet c. ieu chnh nay trong cau hnh may CNC c tiep nhan trong mo phong CNC cua MTS.
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13. Chay tham chieu cua truc oi xng ti iem tham chieu cua truc oi xng: G27 Chuyen kep chi tiet/Truc oi xng
G27 Lenh G27 tac ong, iem 0 cua truc oi xng c chay ti iem tham chieu cua truc oi xng a c cai at. iem tham chieu cua truc oi xng nam b ngoai phai pham vi chay cua truc oi xng trong khong gian may.
Lenh chuyen mach cho truc oi xng trong tnh trang gia cong vi G28
M03 Hng quay truc oi xng theo chieu phai (Chieu kim ong ho) M04 Hng quay truc oi xng theo chieu trai (Ngc chieu kim ong ho) M05 Ngng truc oi xng M07 M dung dch trn nguoi 1 M08 M dung dch trn nguoi 2 M09 Tat dung dch trn nguoi M10 Chau kep vao trong (Khi truc oi xng ng) M11 Chau kep ra ngoai (Khi truc oi xng ng) M15 Chau kep vao trong (Khi truc oi xng xoay)
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Cc lnh lp trnh Tin CNC theo DIN - 66025 - M "G" M16 Chau kep ra ngoai (Khi truc oi xng xoay)
Lenh chuyen mach cho truc chnh trong tnh trang gia cong vi G29
M03 Hng truc chnh quay theo chieu phai (Chieu kim ong ho) M04 Hng truc chnh quay theo chieu chieu trai (Ngc chieu kim ong ho) M05 Ngng truc chnh M07 M dung dch trn nguoi 1 M08 M dung dch trn nguoi 2 M09 Tat dung dch trn nguoi M10 Chau kep thuan (Khi truc chnh ng) M11 Chau kep nghch (Khi truc chnh ng) M15 Chau kep thuan (Khi truc chnh xoay) M16 Chau kep nghch (Khi truc chnh xoay).
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G59 Dch chuyen tng oi iem chuan truc oi xng. G27 Chay tham chieu cua truc oi xng ve iem tham chieu cua truc oi xng. Cac lenh chuyen mach sau ay co gia tr cho truc chnh va truc oi xng trong luc chuyen kep chi tiet:
Lenh chuyen mach cho truc chnh trong tnh trang gia cong vi G30
M03 Hng truc chnh quay theo chieu phai (Chieu kim ong ho) M04 Hng truc chnh quay theo chieu chieu trai (Ngc chieu kim ong ho) M05 Ngng truc chnh M07 M dung dch trn nguoi 1 M08 M dung dch trn nguoi 2 M09 Tat dung dch trn nguoi M10 Chau kep thuan (Khi truc chnh ng) M11 [X...] Chau kep nghch (Khi truc chnh ng) X... ng knh m cua chau kep M15 Chau kep thuan (Khi truc chnh xoay) M16 Chau kep nghch (Khi truc chnh xoay) M19 [C...] Ngng truc chnh tai v tr goc xac nh C... V tr goc truc chnh ngng xac nh M28 M truc chnh vi momen t do M53 Hng quay truc oi xng theo chieu phai (Chieu kim ong ho) M54 Hng quay truc oi xng theo chieu trai (Ngc chieu kim ong ho) M55 Ngng truc oi xng
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Cc lnh lp trnh Tin CNC theo DIN - 66025 - M "G" M57 M58 M59 M60 X... M61 X... M65 M66 M69 C... M78 M95 M96 M dung dch trn nguoi 1 M dung dch trn nguoi 2 Ngng dung dch trn nguoi [X...] Chau kep thuan (Khi truc oi xng ng) ng knh ong cua chau kep [X...] Chau kep nghch (Khi truc oi xng ng) ng knh m cua chau kep Chau kep thuan (Khi truc oi xng xoay) Chau kep nghch (Khi truc oi xng xoay) [C...] Ngng truc oi xng tai v tr goc xac nh V tr goc truc oi xng ngng xac nh M truc oi xng vi momen t do Thoi lam sach truc oi xng Ngng thoi lam sach truc oi xng
Cac lenh chuyen mach cho truc chnh va truc oi xng trong tnh trang gia cong vi G30
M37 M chay ong bo cua truc chnh va truc oi xng M38 Ngng chay ong bo cua truc chnh va truc oi xng
Cac lenh sau c phep s dung them trong tnh trang G30:
G59 Dch chuyen tng oi cua iem chuan truc oi xng G27 Chay tham chieu cua truc oi xng ti iem tham chieu cua truc oi xng.
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P0
Ren tru va con ti 450 so vi truc Z vi bc khong oi co the c gia cong vi chu trnh G31 G31 X... Z... A... D... I... F... S... X, Z Toa o iem cuoi cua ren A Goc ren so vi truc X. D Chieu sau ren I S khac biet ban knh gia iem bat au va iem ket thuc F Bc ren theo hng truc Z S So lan cat
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P0
Tien ren co the c lap trnh vi lenh G33. ay lng chay dao va so vong quay cua truc chnh c lam ong bo theo s le thuoc vao bc ren c lap trnh F. Bc ren F c lap trnh theo hng Z khi tien ren tren mat tru va mat con ti 450, va theo hng X khi tien ren tren mat au va mat con ti 450. Theo cach la vi a ch I va K th F cung c lap trnh theo hng X tng ng hng Z. ay gia tr ln hn trong hai gia tr luon luon c lap trnh, he ieu khien tnh toan gia tr nho hn
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P0
G33 X.. Z.. F.. G33 X.. Z.. I.. A.. F.. L..
Addresses: (a ch)
X Z F I A L ... Thread diameter for each thread cutting cycle Coordinate of the end point of the thread Thread lead Incremental difference between start and end of taper Taper angle Chamfering distance
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P0 iem xuat phat P1 iem bat au KP iem bien dang BL ng gii han a chu trnh G83 ng chay gia cong co the c gii han vi lenh G36. Bo xung trong cau lenh sau lenh G83 th lenh G36 phai c lap trnh. Dung cu se khong chay vt khoi toa o X va Z cua iem xuat phat. Neu lng d tinh c lap trnh trc khi goi chu trnh lenh G57, th tr so nay c chu y iem xuat phat.
Cu phap: G36
V du: N020 N030 N040 N050 ... N090 N100 G00 X100 Z5 G83 X30 Z5 I5 G36 (Mo ta bien dang) G80
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22. Hieu chnh ban knh li cat ben trai hoac phai ng bien dang: G41/G42
cong cua dung cu dien ra ben phai hoac ben trai ng bien dang. G41 (Bu ben trai ng bien dang) G42 (Bu ben phai ng bien dang (Xem hnh))
V du:
N090 G42 N095 G01 X... Z...
Cac lenh M05 va M09 c bo qua ben trong SRK. Ban knh cung tron cua cac goc trong khong c phep nho hn ban knh li cat.
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Trng hp G48 cac a ch O va Q co the c lap trnh nhieu lan va vi cac ga tr khac nhau.
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K0 Bien dang l tng Mo phong CNC a ra kha nang quyet nh mot bien dang l tng, bien dang nay co the c a vao cho gia cong theo s chu y ti va cham. Trc khi mo ta bien dang l tng phai c xac nh iem bat au, iem bat au va iem ket thuc cua bien dang phai nam tren truc xoay. Bien dang c xac nh n gian nhat bang WOP. G51 X... Z... I... K... O... Q... (bien dang l tng: Bat au) ... (Mo ta bien dang) G50 (bien dang l tng: Ket thuc) X, Z I, K O000 O001 Q000 Q001 Toa o iem xuat phat Lng d theo hng X, Z bien dang l tng khong c ch dan bien dang l tng c ch dan Khong chu y ti va cham cho bien dang l tng Chu y ti va cham cho bien dang l tng
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He toa o c dch chuyen tuyet oi vi lenh G54, co ngha song song vi truc toa o lap trnh. Toa o lap trnh luon lien quan ti iem 0 cua may, ngay ca khi dien ra trong chng trnh nhieu lenh G54 vi nhau. Theo nguyen tac iem 0 cua chi tiet c xac nh vi G54 tng ng vi mau ban ve; iem 0 cung co the c xac nh tuy chon theo ra canh trong bc hieu chnh. G54 X... Z... X, Z Dch chuyen iem 0 V du: G54 X+0 Z+214 Trong hnh iem 0 cua chi tiet c at pha mat au cua phoi.
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Khi lap trnh mot bien dang chi tiet hoan chnh co the se ho tr rat nhieu khi bien oi iem 0. e thc hien muc ch nay co the xac nh cac iem 0 tiep theo vi cac lenh G55, G56 va G58. Mot trong bon lenh G (G54/G55/G56/G58) c xep at theo danh muc. Sau khi iem 0 a c nh ngha (hoac c xac nh trong hoat ong canh chnh) , th iem 0 mong muon nay c kch hoat bi ch dan cua lenh G (Khong co cac toa o). G55 (G56) (G58) X... Z... ... G55 (G56) (G58) (G54) V du: G55 X+87 Z+114 Theo hnh ve th iem 0 th hai c at iem goc cua ranh tien.
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Dau dng tao bien dang c dch chuyen theo hng truc X dng Dau am tao bien dang c dch chuyen theo hng truc X am Z Lng d tinh theo Z
Dau dng tao bien dang c dch chuyen theo hng truc Z dng Dau am tao bien dang c dch chuyen theo hng truc Z am B Lng d tinh vi khoang cach eu theo hng X va Z Chu y cac nguyen tac bo dau sau ay oi vi viec lap trnh cho lng d tinh Dau dng tao bien dang c dch chuyen theo hng truc X va Z dng Dau am tao bien dang c dch chuyen theo hng truc X va Z am Trong tnh trang chuyen mach th lng d tinh khong c kch hoat. Neu G57 c lap trnh, th lng d tnh van ton tai trong chng trnh NC ang hoat ong ti khi la chon hoac lap trnh mi lai G57 vi cac gia tr khac.
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Cc lnh lp trnh Tin CNC theo DIN - 66025 - M "G" 29. Dch chuyen iem khong tng oi: G59
P0 iem xoay K0 He toa o cu K1 He toa o mi He toa o co the c dch chuyen va xoay tng oi vi lenh G59. G59 X... Z... I... K... A... X, Z Cac tr so, ma he toa o trung gian xoay quanh c dch chuyen song song vi truc trong moi lien quan chuan vi he toa o cu. I, K Cac toa o iem xoay, lien quan tng oi so vi he toa o trung gian trc o. A Goc xoay, tng oi (ng dung rat t) Khi iem xoay trung vi bc nhay cua he toa o trung gian, th I va K khong phai lap trnh. Neu mot dch chuyen tng oi cua iem 0 mi c thc hien trong chng trnh tiep theo, th can chu y cong them goc xoay.
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