Title: Mastering the Art of Literature Review: Navigating Electronic Commerce Research

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on crafting literature reviews in the realm of electronic
commerce research. Delving into this domain requires not just an understanding of the subject matter
but also adeptness in synthesizing existing literature. Here, we explore the complexities of literature
review writing and offer a solution to alleviate the burdensome task.

Writing a literature review, particularly in the context of electronic commerce research, presents a
myriad of challenges. As the field continues to evolve rapidly, staying abreast of the latest
developments and synthesizing vast amounts of information can be overwhelming. Moreover, the
interdisciplinary nature of electronic commerce research demands proficiency in various domains,
from economics and marketing to information technology and consumer behavior.

One of the primary hurdles in crafting a literature review is the sheer volume of available literature.
Sorting through countless articles, books, and research papers to identify relevant sources can be a
daunting task. Additionally, ensuring the inclusion of seminal works while also incorporating recent
advancements requires meticulous attention to detail and extensive research skills.

Moreover, organizing the gathered information into a coherent narrative presents another layer of
difficulty. Striking a balance between summarizing existing literature and providing critical insights
necessitates a deep understanding of the subject matter and keen analytical abilities. Furthermore,
maintaining consistency in citation style and adhering to academic conventions adds to the
complexity of the task.

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Etzkowitz and Zhou ( 2017 ) point out that the thesis of the model is that the university starts to
abandon a social, yet important, role of providing higher education and research and starts to assume
an essential role equivalent to that of industry and government as a generator of new industries and
enterprises. After the introduction, it grounds your research in a scholarly field and leads directly to
your theoretical framework or methodology. Table 12 covers a number of existing spam classification
works that employ various Machine Learning (ML) methodologies. These studies mostly captured
the linearly “chain-centric” LML models prevalent in the pre-digital era. This latter year and 2022
standing out with the highest number of published articles. They also require more contextual
features for effective spam detection, as well as a large training corpus. The research papers
distribution by year of publication is highlighted in Figure. Do not use extensive quotes as a
substitute for using your own words in reviewing the literature. Your literature review should be
guided by your central research question. Some questions to ask: How are they organizing their
ideas. Writing Your Literature Review Once you've settled on how to organize your literature review,
you're ready to write each section. Sheppard and Williams (2016) had not discovered these
individual factors in their original literature review on community and environmental resilience.
Doing Your Literature Review: Traditional and Systematic Techniques. Theoretical Framework
Defining entrepreneurial ecosystems and academic entrepreneurship ecosystem. The most widely
used tokenization method is whitespace tokenization. The systematic literature review (SLR)
developed in this article found five studies that allow us to assess what is known about this subject.
Like descriptive reviews, the research questions are generic and usually relate to publication patterns
and trends. Debates, conflicts and contradictions: where do sources disagree. The traditional
definition of spinoff, according to Hayter et al. ( 2017 ) focuses on the role of faculty establishing a
company based on a technology licensing agreement, with their home university. Should I evaluate
the sources in any way beyond evaluating how they relate to understanding the research problem? 5.
They should arise out of your organizational strategy. For example, a literature review that focuses on
continuing research about the emergence of German economic power after the fall of the Soviet
Union. Given the vast amount of literature available, it's crucial to discern which publications are
most pertinent to your study. Authentication systems: A literature review and classification Abstract.
This period coincides with critical industry events, such as the emergence and subsequent demise of
the online grocer, Webvan. This leaves the reader to draw her own conclusions, rather than
developing a clear and original argument As I mentioned earlier, one of the main functions of the
literature review is to provide a clear rationale for your choice of methodological approach in your
study. The focus of a literature review, however, is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and
ideas of others without adding new contributions. These scores can be used to highlight unique
terms in a document or words that indicate crucial information. Explain why the research design and
methods chosen for this study are appropriate, and why other design and methods were not chosen.
Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates.
Keep in mind that UNC Libraries have research guides and to databases relevant to many fields of
study. Thematic Analysis In this part of the article, the thematic analysis results will be examined.
Tip We've also compiled a few examples, templates, and sample outlines for you below. They also
enable the capture of data using a “hashtag” or “keyword,” as well as the collecting of data posted
over time. While these studies contribute to generating a useful library of contexts, they are difficult
to compare, given differences in geography and geographically based data collection and analysis
methods. The basic research question — what works? — which is usually associated with systematic
reviews changes to: what is it about this intervention that works, for whom, in what circumstances,
in what respects and why. Scribbr slides are free to use, customize, and distribute for educational
purposes. There are so many issues in contemporary science that you could spend a lifetime of
attending conferences and reading the literature just pondering what to review. She is majorly
involved in developing and reviewing online content plans that engage and resonate with audiences.
The data shows a turning point in 2018 (14) and 2019 (23). One of the most important parts of any
system is authentication. Instead, it focuses on the “methods” of the researcher or writer. After that
classification results were discussed and verified by the authors. Review the literature Some
questions to help you analyze the research: What was the research question of the study you are
reviewing. Where appropriate, state not only what you will study, but what will be excluded from
your study. As described in Chapter 5, the literature review provides the background to your study
and demonstrates the significance of the proposed research. Does the research use established
frameworks or take an innovative approach. It involves technology to organize, automate and
synchronize business processes. Methodological Approach This approach centers on the research
methods employed in various studies related to your topic. Expand 103 Highly Influential 6 Excerpts
Save An empirical study on critical success factors for electronic commerce in the Chinese publishing
industry Huang Jinghua Zhao Chunjun Li Jingting Business, Computer Science 2007 TLDR Factors
impacting e-commerce success such as leadership, strategy, organization, management, IT, customers,
comprehensive functions of website and customer-oriented functions are identified. The following
sections present these components in a suggested template for you to follow in the preparation of
your research proposal. The literature showed that retailers establish CDP-U (or unattended reception)
through independent RBs equipped with a docking mechanism, or shared RBs, whose locations
range from private homes to public sites (e.g. petrol kiosks and train stations) accessible by multiple
users ( McLeod et al., 2006 ). The lower left quadrant given the inexistence of declining themes but
also gives the emerging themes, “entrepreneurial education” and “entrepreneur”. The potential market
size is limited to the region where the customers live in. The average years from publication is 3.31
and the average number of citations per documents 13.4. The number of authors and co-authors per
document is 2.5 and 2.7. The first study in the final database addressed the entrepreneurship
ecosystems, and the global innovation networks were written by Malecki in 2011. Give it a Once-
Over Find out what's good and not-so-good about the research. However, if you are writing a review
in the humanities, history, or social sciences, a survey of the history of the literature may be what is
needed, because what is important is how perspectives have changed through the years or within a
certain time period. The review offers a structured approach to what is currently a disparate and
fractured field in logistics. The fourth question had an unseen passage with various sub-questions.
Definition: A literature review is a systematic examination and synthesis of existing scholarly
research on a specific topic or subject.
Figure 1 serves to present a structural overview of the LML models reported in the literature. Notice
that Falk and Mills do quote certain terms that were coined by the author, not common knowledge,
or taken directly from the study. Kansheba and Wald ( 2020 ) present a systematic review of the
existing literature, develop a research agenda and analysing, only, articles that focused on EEs
(conceptual, theoretical or empirical). This leaves the reader to draw her own conclusions, rather than
developing a clear and original argument As I mentioned earlier, one of the main functions of the
literature review is to provide a clear rationale for your choice of methodological approach in your
study. Importance of a Good Literature Review A literature review may consist of simply a summary
of key sources, but in the social sciences, a literature review usually has an organizational pattern
and combines both summary and synthesis, often within specific conceptual categories. If you
choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order. Identifying
Gaps: Aims to pinpoint areas where there is a lack of research or unresolved questions, highlighting
opportunities for further investigation. Furthermore, a difference in attention was found between the
IS and Marketing literature: while researchers of the latter focused mainly on the adoption and use
phases, IS researchers ' attention was more evenly distributed over the lifecycle. Finally, you can
write your literature review, drawing on what you have learned from the relevant literature. During
the clinical examination, the abdomen was distended and tympanic, with intense tenderness in the
hypogastrium and right and left iliac fossa. Now, let's explore some examples of literature reviews
that can assist you in crafting your own. Indeed, this research revealed only two papers in the corpus
that have employed a mixed-method approach. One hot encoding Every word or phrase in the given
text data is stored as a vector with only the values 1 and 0. We highly recommend that prospective
authors of narrative reviews consult these useful sources before embarking on their work.
Authentication systems: A literature review and classification Abstract. This is of course your
research gap — and if you check out our video on the problem statement, you’ll see that this gap in
knowledge is of central importance in justifying the need for your study. The above leads us to
propose as possible future research directions. Depending on the length of your literature review, you
might want to divide the body into subsections. A literature review is not simply a summary of the
sources you have read. When you have answers to these questions you can begin searching for
sources. Thematic Approach This approach categorizes your review based on themes or key concepts
related to your topic. Many errors are made in referencing, even by top researchers, and so it is
important not to perpetuate an error made by someone else. Perceived or actual difficulties with
inspecting non-digital products, the product returns process, or slow and expensive shipping can
deter consumers from online shopping ( Forman et al., 2009 ). This study also demonstrates other
benefits of a pull-centric system, including lower capital investments and possible carry-over (or
halo) effects into in-store sales ( Johnson and Whang, 2002 ). Chronological The simplest approach is
to trace the development of the topic over time. If you have limited time to conduct research,
literature reviews can give you an overview or act as a stepping stone. Of course, you can structure
your chapter in a way that reflects these three components (in fact, in some cases that works very
well), but it’s certainly not the only option. Basically, this theory is about how the organization
reduces the uncertainty and equivocality by processing the information. We may obtain a vector
form that tells us the frequency of each word in a document, as well as repeated words in our
document. To this end, they conducted a comprehensive search on multiple databases using highly
sensitive search strategies without language or publication-type restrictions to identify all rct s that
are eligible for inclusion. The composition of clusters groups generated research points.
When you have answers to these questions you can begin searching for sources. University of
Toronto; Writing a Literature Review. Keep your own voice While the literature review presents
others’ ideas, your voice (the writer’s) should remain front and center. But how is a literature review
different from an academic research paper. Consequently, Sheppard and Williams had to go back and
add a new section to their literature review on individual resilience factors. This approach resulted in
new search terms and scholar identification to refine the search strategy as the study unfolded (
Greenhalgh and Peacock, 2005 ). Malecki ( 2018 ) reviews the literature, concepts and
operationalizations of the concept of EE with a bibliometric analysis. When you have multiple
sources cited in a paragraph, you are more likely to be synthesizing them (not always, but often Read
more about synthesis here. These products are either associated with high margin and low demand
volume, or with low margin and high demand volume. Table 3 below includes descriptions and
references for some of the Twitter spam datasets. In recent years, the number of systematic reviews
in the field of health informatics has increased considerably. That is, it represents a synthesis of the
evidence that provides background information on your topic and shows a association between the
evidence and your research question. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and
conditions of fair use. Their model follows the systematic data processing approach comprised of
three steps, namely: (a) literature search and screening; (b) data extraction and analysis; and (c)
writing the literature review. Darlow and Wen (2015) provide a good example of a highly structured
narrative review in the eHealth field. Table 12 summarizes some of the existing works on spam
classification using rule-based systems. Based on the previous works on spam classification using
rule-based techniques given in Table 12, we can conclude that rule-based techniques are well-
appreciated by researchers for their importance in spam text classification. However, when writing a
review in the social sciences, a survey of the history of the literature may be required. Thus, subject
experts found the paper easy to moderate on the level of difficulty and highly scoring for sincere
students. This model suggests that customers’ behaviour is determined according to subjective norm
and attitude towards the behaviour which affects directly customer’s behavioural intention (
Hasbullah et al., 2016 ). Step 6: Edit and Proofread In the final phase, conduct a thorough review,
focusing on clarity and coherence. While most of the study streams have focused on the role of
faculty as academic entrepreneurs, Boh et al. ( 2016 ) focused on the role of students. After that, the
authors review the papers one by one to classify each one based on the classification framework.
When you find a useful book or article, you can check the bibliography to find other relevant
sources. Moreover, for LML models with consumer-pickup to be operational, high visibility via
advance consumer notification must be provided. Today, the ICSE successfully conducted the class
10 English language paper-1 exam from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. In this article, we have provided a detailed
analysis of the ICSE Board Class 10 English language paper-1. As such, the findings demonstrate
that by identifying connecting rationales and the variations at different levels for each variable, we
can capture correlations between two sets of variables (i.e. structural and contingency). Recent
literature has documented eleven similar cases, with Table 2 offering a comprehensive summary
encompassing their symptoms, the diagnostic imaging techniques employed, and the surgical
interventions performed. You can also use this method to consider what is currently of interest to
scholars in this field and what is not. For instance, the problem associated with “not-at-home”
responses within attended home delivery (AHD) can be mitigated by delivering the product to a
CDP for consumers to pick up. If the review is a stand-alone assignment for a course, the conclusion
should suggest any practical applications of the research as well as the implications and possibilities
for future research.
No cut-off point for the number of citations per document has been defined. There is no
preconceived plan to systematically review all of the literature although this can be done. Right?
Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a topic, not
necessarily the great literary texts of the world. “Literature” could be anything from a set of
government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to scholarly articles on the treatment of
a torn ACL. Hakoda H, Mishima H, Habu T, Murai S, Maeno R, Yokomizo Y. et al. Laparoscopic
treatment of a vesicointestinal fistula due to a Meckel’s diverticulum: a case report and review of the
literature. Analyzing data using quantitative or qualitative methods. There are a few guidelines you
should follow during the writing stage as well. To process text made up of words, this approach
transforms words into vectors and works in the same way as a two-layer network. These choices
were justified for two reasons: they are two multidisciplinary databases that include all indexed
journals with the highest number of citations in their respective areas of scientific specialization
(Huang et al., 2020; Pranckute, 2021 ). The studies examined in our research are summarized as year
they were published, the author, and the scope of the topic and in terms of results. At this point
consider: Does your study extend current research. Expand 14 2 Excerpts Save E-readiness of
website acceptance and implementation in SMEs W. Journal of Business Market Management
Pennie Frow Over the last decade and a half Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has
developed into an area of major significance. A literature review is a survey of credible sources on a
topic, often used in dissertations, theses, and research papers. In SOR model environmental stimuli
(S) affects consumer internal states (O) and influences consumers' overall responses ( Liu et al., 2016
). The study reveals a strong growth in the structure of the TTO and its role as a boundary, changing
objectives and developing collaborations with other regional actors. Literature reviews mainly serve
as the section in a research article where the author presents and criticizes relevant background
information and may describe the significance their research will have in the field based on this prior
research. They employed deep learning models to detect spam in 400 positive and negative hotel
reviews from the TripAdvisor website. For the authors, student entrepreneurs also tend to get the
guidance and resources they need through these activities. However, when they returned to the
literature to search for individual resilience factors, they discovered a small body of literature in the
child and youth psychology field. Another machine learning algorithm that has been successfully
used to detect spam in social media text is the decision tree. Introduction The new research on the
“entrepreneurship ecosystem” (EE) limits the acceptance of a single definition. There are two
variations in respect to this variable: two-node and multiple-node. Stemming can produce non-
meaningful terms that aren’t in the dictionary, and it can be accomplished using the Natural
Language Tool Kit library in conjunction with PorterStemmer. Guidance on Conducting a Systematic
Literature Review Literature review is an essential feature of academic research. This article reviews
the conceptual differences between CRM and relationship marketing and defines these terms. It
argues that, in many organizations, CRM failures have occurred through a lack of strategic focus.
Privacy Overview Have a language expert improve your writing Run a free plagiarism check in 10
minutes, automatically generate references for free. Secundo et al. ( 2021 ) mention that UBEE
facilitates innovation and entrepreneurial opportunities thanks to the knowledge-sharing processes
between the various actors. To illustrate the former, Chopra (2003), Boyer and Hult (2005), and
Gevaers et al. (2011) each produced their own lists of contingency variables. Conclusions and
Limitations The quest to identify and define EEs has become an issue of great importance as
countries, regions and cities handle with an entrepreneurial economy. Domain-specific terms with
lower scores may be eliminated or ignored as a result of this issue.
Note that more authentic thematic reviews tend to break away from chronological order. Depending
on the situation, the literature review may evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most
pertinent or relevant. The elimination stage resulted in 100 articles being considered relevant for
further review. Some databases to search for journals and articles include: Your university’s library
catalogue Google Scholar Project Muse (humanities and social sciences) Medline (life sciences and
biomedicine) EconLit (economics) Inspec (physics, engineering and computer science) You can use
boolean operators to help narrow down your search: Read the abstract to find out whether an article
is relevant to your question. The substantive part of the paper is an analysis of the literature on LML
models and the development of a design framework for LML. In addition to providing the reader
with background information relevant to the topic or research question, a literature review may help
to identify gaps in the current body of knowledge or criticize previous research practices as a way to
present potential for future research. Qualitative versus quantitative research Empirical versus
theoretical scholarship Divide the research by sociological, historical, or cultural sources Theoretical:
In many humanities articles, the literature review is the foundation for the theoretical framework.
History: The chronological progression of the field, the literature, or an idea that is necessary to
understand the literature review, if the body of the literature review is not already a chronology.
However, these relationships (both linear and non-linear) are often confounded by other factors due
to the real-world complexities and they inherently face multicollinearity and endogeneity issues,
including the omitted variable bias problem, which leads to biased conclusions. The cluster 2
indicates the importance of higher education for EE and cluster 3 leads us to the triple helix model
with the focus on university entrepreneurial experience. Importance of a Good Literature Review A
literature review may consist of simply a summary of key sources, but in the social sciences, a
literature review usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis,
often within specific conceptual categories. Finally, double check that you’ve documented your
sources and formatted the review appropriately for your discipline. Likewise, to explore the pillars of
the model from the point of view of young university students who show varying degrees of
entrepreneurial intention (cluster 2). Based on your reading and notes, you can look for: Trends and
patterns (in theory, method or results): do certain approaches become more or less popular over time.
Step 3: Identify Connections Synthesize information from selected sources, identifying common
themes, patterns, and trends. Check out Scribbr’s professional proofreading services. If there are
conflicting studies, why do you think that is. The production growth rate is 33.5%. According to the
average number of citations, per year, the articles written in 2022 were those with a higher number
(9.79) followed by articles from the years 2011, 2018 and 2019. In conclusion, Meckel’s
diverticulum is a rare cause of vesicoenteric fistula formation. Expand 103 Highly Influential 6
Excerpts Save An empirical study on critical success factors for electronic commerce in the Chinese
publishing industry Huang Jinghua Zhao Chunjun Li Jingting Business, Computer Science 2007
TLDR Factors impacting e-commerce success such as leadership, strategy, organization,
management, IT, customers, comprehensive functions of website and customer-oriented functions
are identified. Universities are one part of the complexity of the research. Now consider some typical
ways of organizing the sources into a review: Chronological: If your review follows the
chronological method, you could write about the materials above according to when they were
published. Malecki ( 2018 ) reviews the literature, concepts and operationalizations of the concept of
EE with a bibliometric analysis. This can be especially helpful for students or scholars getting into a
new research area, or for directing an entire community of scholars toward questions that have not
yet been answered. Systematic reviews that involve the rigorous application of scientific strategies
aimed at limiting subjectivity and bias (i.e., systematic and random errors) can respond to this
challenge. The literature review gives you a chance to: Demonstrate your familiarity with the topic
and its scholarly context Develop a theoretical framework and methodology for your research
Position your work in relation to other researchers and theorists Show how your research addresses a
gap or contributes to a debate Evaluate the current state of research and demonstrate your
knowledge of the scholarly debates around your topic. In this post, we’ll unpack three essential
ingredients that need to be woven into your literature review to lay a rock-solid foundation for your
study. However, when they returned to the literature to search for individual resilience factors, they
discovered a small body of literature in the child and youth psychology field. Many faces of
Meckel’s diverticulum and its complications. This process can help you to develop your own research
skills, including your ability to find and use relevant sources of information.