When it comes to academic writing, two common forms of research papers are literature reviews and

case studies. Each serves a distinct purpose and requires a different approach. However, crafting a
literature review can prove to be particularly challenging for many students and researchers.

A literature review involves summarizing, analyzing, and synthesizing existing research on a specific
topic or question. It requires a comprehensive understanding of the relevant literature and the ability
to critically evaluate various sources. Additionally, literature reviews often involve identifying gaps
in the existing research and proposing future directions for study.

One of the main difficulties in writing a literature review is the sheer volume of literature available
on most topics. Sorting through numerous articles, books, and other sources to find relevant
information can be time-consuming and overwhelming. Furthermore, synthesizing information from
diverse sources while maintaining coherence and clarity in writing can be a daunting task.

Another challenge in writing a literature review is avoiding bias and ensuring objectivity. It's
essential to critically evaluate each source's credibility, relevance, and methodology to present a
balanced and accurate overview of the existing literature. Additionally, synthesizing conflicting
viewpoints and interpretations can require careful consideration and analysis.

In contrast, case studies involve in-depth analysis of a specific instance or example within a broader
context. While case studies also require critical thinking and analysis, they typically focus on a single
case or scenario, making them more focused and manageable than literature reviews.

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Armed with a BA degree in English and a knack for digital marketing, she explores her passions for
literature, history, culture, and food through her engaging and informative writing. Literature reviews
give an overview of knowledge on a subject, helping you identify relevant theories and methods, as
well as gaps in existing research. Many errors are made in referencing, even by top researchers, and
so it is important not to perpetuate an error made by someone else. Sort through other current
bibliographies or literature reviews in the field to get a sense of what your discipline expects. This
approach should only be followed if a clear path of research building on previous research can be
identified and that these trends follow a clear chronological order of development. Front Pharmacol.
2022;13:966081.. Published 2022 Sep 23. The components of a literature review, for example, are
similar to any other research paper. However, particularly in the social sciences, thinking about
research problems from multiple vectors is a key strategy for finding new solutions to a problem or
gaining a new perspective. Twenty-five articles were included in the meta-analysis. The following
table provides a detailed explanation as well as the differences between systematic and literature
reviews. This will help to ensure that your review is well-rounded and comprehensive. Third, the
results of data analysis are shown in a forest plot and funnel plot. Evid Based Spine Care J.
2013;4(2):68. Simunovic N, Devereaux PJ, Sprague S, Guyatt GH, Schemitsch E, DeBeer J,
Bhandari M. However, when systematic reviews and meta-analyses are properly implemented, they
can yield powerful results that could usually only be achieved using large-scale RCTs, which are
difficult to perform in individual studies. Cite this Scribbr article If you want to cite this source, you
can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the
citation to our free Citation Generator. What are some strategies or tips I can use while writing my
lit review. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(5):765.. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Liang X, Bi S, Yang W, Wang L, Cui G, Cui F, et al. Definition: A literature review is a systematic
examination and synthesis of existing scholarly research on a specific topic or subject. These
keywords can lead you to relevant sources that you can use to start your research project. The
prevalence of hepatitis B in Chinese general population from 2018 Systematic searches of literature
from January 1, 2018 to December 25, 2022 were conducted in four international databases
(Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) and three Chinese
databases (CNKI, CBM, and WanFang data).. We performed an updated systematic review and
meta-analysis to identify new studies. Download citation Received: 25 July 2023 Accepted: 19
December 2023 Published: 13 February 2024 DOI: Share this article Anyone you share the following
link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this
article. Reference list Almost all academic writing will need a reference list. This suggests that in the
future, HBV prevention focus should be on the highest-prevalence areas and high-risk populations. A
value of “0” for the MD or SMD indicates that the effects of the new treatment method and the
existing treatment method are the same. Case study An in-depth, detailed examination of specific
cases within a real-world context. Highlight any findings that were unexpected or especially
profound. There are various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. This is
particularly true in disciplines in medicine and the sciences where research conducted becomes
obsolete very quickly as new discoveries are made. If there are conflicting studies, why do you think
that is. Step 2: Develop a protocol A protocol is a document that contains your research plan for the
systematic review.
Jennes I, Entius MM, Van Hul E, Parra A, Sangiorgi L, Wuyts W. A literature review discusses
published information in a particular subject area, and sometimes information in a particular subject
area within a certain time period. If you are in doubt about how to approach a literature review,
always follow up with your rubric, syllabus, professor or teaching assistant. Galvan, J. L. (2009).
Writing Literature Reviews: A Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Federal
government websites often end in.gov or.mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're
on a federal government site. Corresponding author Correspondence to Marina Mordenti. Many
studies are registered with an organization like PROSPERO ( ), and the registration number is
recorded when reporting the study, in order to share the protocol at the time of planning. Literature
reviews are designed to provide an overview of sources you have used in researching a particular
topic and to demonstrate to your readers how your research fits within existing scholarship about the
topic. Reporting Standards: PRISMA and MOOSE You will improve the quality of your review by
adhering to the standards below. There are various approaches to organising the body of a literature
review. If you do not change your settings, we will consider that you will not mind us sending all
cookies to you. Thematic reviews are organized around a topic or issue, rather than the progression
of time, although the progression of time may still be incorporated into a thematic review. Does the
work ultimately contribute in any significant way to an understanding of the subject? II. Give your
interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred (as mentioned previously, this may not
be appropriate in your discipline — check with a teacher or mentor if you’re unsure). Structure of
report (Site visit) Citing Sources Tips and Resources The information in the report has to be
organised in the best possible way for the reader to understand the issue being investigated, analysis
of the findings and recommendations or implications that relate directly to the findings. There are
various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. Nikolakopoulou A, Higgins JPT,
Papakonstantinou T, Chaimani A, Del Giovane C, Egger M, et al. For example, the phenomenon
could be the observation that many vehicles used by ISIS fighters are small trucks with English
language advertisements on them. Writing teachers often say synthesis is like hosting a dinner party:
imagine all your sources are together in a room, discussing your topic. The 7 steps for conducting a
systematic review are explained with an example. Corresponding author Correspondence to Robert
David Smith. What Is the Difference Between a Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis 17
Citations Abstract Distinguishing between a systematic review and meta-analysis is essential to
understand the role each plays in presenting and analysing data and estimates of treatment effects.
These keywords can lead you to relevant sources that you can use to start your research project.
Doing Your Literature Review: Traditional and Systematic Techniques. Note that more authentic
thematic reviews tend to break away from chronological order. A literature review, like a term paper,
is usually organized around ideas, not the sources themselves as an annotated bibliography would be
organized. Article CAS Google Scholar Giuffrida AY, Burgueno JE, Koniaris LG, Gutierrez JC,
Duncan R, Scully SP. The morphology was regular in ten cases and irregular in one case. Some
questions to ask: How are they organizing their ideas. Meta-analyses are regarded as powerful tools
for deriving meaningful conclusions. The Literature Review: A Few Tips On Conducting It.
This saves time when you want to redo, or modify, the searches. Lit reviews can also be standalone
pieces, either as assignments in a class or as publications. For example, weave references to other
sources into what you are writing but maintain your own voice by starting and ending the paragraph
with your own ideas and wording. Address any inconsistencies or errors as well as identifying if the
research is credible, accurate, in-depth or relevant. A systematic review, however, includes entirely
different components that reflect the specificity of its research question, and the requirement for
transparency and inclusion. If you use competent help writing a literature review, this problem will
vanish. Or, does is merely add more of the same thing being said. This database contains both
systematic reviews and review protocols. You can use our free APA Reference Generator for quick,
correct, consistent citations. Knee arthroscopy versus conservative management in patients with
degenerative knee disease: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2017;7(5):e016114. Essilfie A, Kang HP,
Mayer EN, Trasolini NA, Alluri RK, Weber AE. Health Sci Rep. 2020;3(3):e178.. Page MJ, Sterne
JA, Higgins JP, Egger M. Moreover, meta-analysis also include a funnel plot diagram to visually
detect publication bias. Analysis of seroepidemiological survey of hepatitis B among people aged 0-
79 years in Zhengzhou from 2019 to 2021. Primary care physicians need evidence for both clinical
practice and for public health decision making. That is, it includes an introduction, description of the
methods used, a discussion and conclusion, as well as a reference list or bibliography. Systematic
review and meta-analysis is a way of summarizing research evidence, which is generally the best
form of evidence, and hence positioned at the top of the hierarchy of evidence. Include techniques
and any equipment you used If there were participants in your research, who were they. Yet Another
Writing Tip When Do I Know I Can Stop Looking and Move On. How to identify juxtaglomerular
cell tumor by ultrasound: a case series Purpose To study the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of
juxtaglomerular cell tumor (JGCT). Consider Whether Your Sources are Current Some disciplines
require that you use information that is as current as possible. Among methods for weighted
estimation in a random-effect model, the DerSimonian and Laird method 6) is mostly used for
dichotomous variables, as the simplest method, while inverse variance-weighted estimation is used
for continuous variables, as with fixed-effect models. Writing a Case Study Acknowledgements
Definition The term case study refers to both a method of analysis and a specific research design for
examining a problem, both of which are used in most circumstances to generalize across populations.
For example, what might cultural anthropologists say about the continuing conflict in the Middle
East. Literature review The literature search was conducted in Pub Medline and Embase with the
keyword string “juxtaglomerular cell tumor ultrasound”. This is problematic because the reporting of
published overviews varies considerably and is often substandard. A literature review, like a term
paper, is usually organized around ideas, not the sources themselves as an annotated bibliography
would be organized. Doing a literature review: Releasing the social science research imagination.
Don’t be afraid to do more research if you discover a new thread as you’re writing. Objectivity -- is
the author's perspective even-handed or prejudicial. Reviews Tips for Writing Literature Reviews
Writing Literature Review: Useful Sites Citation Resources Other Academic Writings What are
Literature Reviews.
Here again, if the same authors are being cited again and again, this may indicate no new literature
has been written on the topic. It is used to create a research question, provide support for a thesis
statement, and assistance in answering a research question. In addition, our data highlight that OCs
more frequently undergo to malignant transformation in some sites, like pelvis and complete
resection is the most common surgical treatment. Strategies for writing the literature review Find a
focus. If you are writing a literature review as a stand-alone assignment, you will have to choose a
focus and develop a central question to direct your search. Should I evaluate the sources in any way
beyond evaluating how they relate to understanding the research problem? 5. We researched the most
effective protective measures and put them into practice, which made our platform riskless. This
page describes rapid reviews, including their limitations, alternate names, and how they differ from
traditional systematic reviews. Ask your professor questions such as: “If you had to read only one
book from the 90’s on topic X, what would it be?” Questions such as this help you to find and
determine quickly the most seminal pieces in the field. You can find a few annotated samples on this
page. This saves time when you want to redo, or modify, the searches. When we say “literature
review” or refer to “the literature,” we are talking about the research ( scholarship ) in a given field.
The main focus of an academic research paper is to develop a new argument, and a research paper is
likely to contain a literature review as one of its parts. The graphical output of meta-analysis is a
forest plot which provides information on individual studies and the pooled effect. This can be
especially useful if you are new to a field, or if you are interested in keeping up with current thinking
on a particular topic. If there’s no previous research, there’s nothing to review. Overall, your list of
citations should be a testament to the fact that you have done a sufficient level of preliminary
research to ensure that your project will complement, but not duplicate, previous research efforts. The
age at diagnosis of SPC ranges from 13 to 63, with median age at diagnosis of 34 years. Instantly
correct all language mistakes in your text Be assured that you'll submit flawless writing. Funnel plot
adjusted using the trim-and-fill method. Research pearls: the significance of statistics and perils of
pooling. Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review. Our writers have full
understanding of the needed content and will do the critique of all relevant previous studies for the
students. Or the review might focus on the fundraising impact of the Internet on a particular political
party. Ultrasound could be helpful, however, the ultrasound manifestations of JGCT have not been
fully studied. Explain why the research design and methods chosen for this study are appropriate,
and why other design and methods were not chosen. It’s typical to have an entire chapter devoted to
reporting the result of this task, identifying gaps in the literature and framing the collection of
additional data. A research paper assigned in a course A thesis or dissertation A grant proposal An
article intended for publication in a journal All these instances require you to collect what has been
written about your research topic so that you can demonstrate how your own research sheds new
light on the topic. The components of a literature review, for example, are similar to any other
research paper. While the study focuses on one topic, harpoon technology, it will still be organized
chronologically.
The structure of your literature review will depend on the style of writing you are using. To conclude,
our main objective in this chapter was to demystify the various types of literature reviews that are
central to the continuous development of the eHealth field. Compared with the adjacent renal cortex,
the echo pattern is divided into hypoechoic, isoechoic, and hyperechoic. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Publications, 1998; Jesson, Jill. This is called citation tracking and there are a number of sources that
can help you identify who has cited whom, particularly scholars from outside of your discipline. For
tips on the revising and editing process, see our handout on revising drafts. Nobody will assess your
paper with the highest grade if you discuss the concepts that were already investigated by other
scholars. Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination. Therefore,
various guidelines have been suggested for conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses to help
standardize them and improve their quality. They can help you make decisions about your protocol.
We highly recommend that prospective authors of narrative reviews consult these useful sources
before embarking on their work. Your order will be completed by a writing expert who is ready to
evidence originality with reliable plagiarism-checking results. Notice that Falk and Mills weave
references to other sources into their own text, but they still maintain their own voice by starting and
ending the paragraph with their own ideas and their own words. However, some customers want to
make the most out of service. Outcomes from a meta-analysis may provide more precise information
regarding the estimate of the effect of what is being studied because it merges outcomes from
multiple studies. Note that more authentic thematic reviews tend to break away from chronological
order. Comparative analysis on seroprevalence of hepatitis B in Guangzhou in 2008 and 2018.
Schunemann HJ, Higgins JP, Vist GE, Glasziou P, Akl EA, Skoetz N, et al. The margin was clear in
eight cases and indistinct in three cases. Usually, the reference list (or bibliography) is not included in
the word count of the research proposal. And don’t forget to tap into your professor’s (or other
professors’) knowledge in the field. To qualify as a systematic review, a review needs to adhere to
standards of transparency and reproducibility. Sitemap case study creative writing presentation
problem solving rewiew prompts websites tips. Click on the link below for a short tutorial and
synthesis matrix spreadsheet. Pick one of these themes to focus the organization of your review. You
can also use this method to consider what is currently of interest to scholars in this field and what is
not. Once you have determined your audience, you can then decide what type of literature review is
appropriate. With Visa and Mastercard checkout options, your payments for service are out of
danger. Relevant studies and literature are identified through a research question, summarised and
synthesized into a discrete set of findings or a description of the state-of-the-art. While we excluded
review articles, the citations of identified systematic reviews or meta-analyses were examined for
additional eligible studies.