Crafting a Literature Review: A Daunting Task

Embarking on a research journey often begins with a literature review, an essential component that
lays the groundwork for understanding existing scholarship, identifying gaps, and framing the
research questions. However, the process of writing a literature review is far from easy. It demands
meticulous attention to detail, critical analysis, and comprehensive synthesis of numerous sources,
making it a daunting task for many scholars and researchers.

One of the primary challenges of writing a literature review is the sheer volume of existing literature
on any given topic. Navigating through countless articles, books, and other academic sources can be
overwhelming, requiring hours upon hours of reading and note-taking. Moreover, synthesizing
diverse perspectives and findings into a coherent narrative requires analytical skills and a deep
understanding of the subject matter.

Another hurdle faced by researchers is the need to critically evaluate the quality and relevance of
each source. Not all literature is created equal, and distinguishing between credible, peer-reviewed
studies and less reliable sources is essential for maintaining academic integrity. This process demands
a discerning eye and the ability to assess the strengths and limitations of each piece of literature.

Furthermore, structuring the literature review in a logical and coherent manner poses its own set of
challenges. Organizing the vast array of information into thematic sections, identifying key themes
and debates, and presenting a cohesive argument require careful planning and execution. Without a
clear framework, literature reviews can easily become disjointed and difficult to follow.

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What sources have they cited to support their conclusions. By appraising the current state of the
literature at a holistic level, reviewers stand to identify important gaps in understanding that represent
valuable opportunities for further methodological development. Step 7: Write and publish a report
The purpose of writing a systematic review article is to share the answer to your research question
and explain how you arrived at this answer. One finding, for instance, posited that inquiry
instruction, as a whole, resulted in reasoning and achievement gains. It also helps researchers to
identify relevant data sources and identify potential data analysis techniques. When you find a useful
book or article, you can check the bibliography to find other relevant sources. It’s needed to give
potential readers an overview of the writing content, helping to decide whether their research
determines it. Free text searching is the use of natural language words to conduct your search. A
literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related
to a specific topic or research question. What does “systematic” mean for reviews of methods. The
tasks associated with such retrieval are substantially more time-consuming than electronic retrieval.
They answered the question “What is the effectiveness of probiotics in reducing eczema symptoms
and improving quality of life in patients with eczema?” In this context, a probiotic is a health
product that contains live microorganisms and is taken by mouth. Another consideration in the
selection and use of a theoretical framework pertains to its orientation to the study. This is followed
by a second more focused stage in which practical examples are purposefully selected—for methods
reviews, this would involve sampling the empirical literature to illustrate key themes and variations.
However, they do still play an important role in the way researchers approach their studies.
Systematic reviews typically answer their research question by synthesizing all available evidence
and evaluating the quality of the evidence. Comparison of literature reviews, theoretical frameworks,
and conceptual reviews This article is written for the new biology education researcher who is just
learning about these different elements or for scientists looking to become more involved in BER.
Krishnaswami,o.r,methodology of research in social science, Himalaya publishing. Select the
databases you will use to conduct your searches. The carefully examined examples can be like a
treasure with multiple tips. Does the research use established frameworks or take an innovative
approach. Literature sources may also be grouped based on similar arguments or conclusions. The
tools for doing this include literature reviews, theoretical frameworks, and conceptual frameworks.
Not a research paper where you select resources to support one side of an issue versus another.
Researchers can use quantitative data, qualitative data, or both to answer these research questions
through a variety of methodological traditions. You can use a subheading for each theme, time
period, or methodological approach. As you write, make sure to follow these tips: Summarise and
synthesise: give an overview of the main points of each source and combine them into a coherent
whole. Benoist, J. M., (1978) The Structural Revolution. Trans. A. Pomerans. London. Note that
more authentic thematic reviews tend to break away from chronological order. The content will look
slightly different in each case, but the process of conducting a literature review follows the same
steps.
The research philosophy will serve as the core of your study and underpin all of the other research
design choices, so it’s critically important that you understand which philosophy you’ll adopt and
why you made that choice. We explicitly recommended, for example, that theoretical sampling was a
topic for which a future review of the methods sections of empirical reports was justified to answer
specific questions identified in the primary review. Darlow and Wen (2015) provide a good example
of a highly structured narrative review in the eHealth field. The reason we have not treated this as a
separate step stems from the different objectives of the primary publications included in overviews
of the methods literature (i.e., providing methodological guidance) compared to the primary
publications included in the other established review types (i.e., reporting findings from single
empirical studies). Integrative reviews focus on summarizing available primary data and involve
using largely secure and well defined concepts to do so; definitions are used from an early stage to
specify categories for abstraction (or coding) of data, which in turn supports their aggregation; they
do not seek as their primary focus to develop or specify new concepts, although they may achieve
some theoretical or interpretive functions. So, as you can see, there is a tight link between this
section and the design choices you outlined in earlier sections. Selecting appropriate sources will
depend upon your research topic. News papers are good source of topical events, developments with
in the. How does the publication relate to other literature in the field. Romi Satria Wahono. SD
Sompok Semarang (1987) SMPN 8 Semarang (1990) SMA Taruna Nusantara Magelang (1993). This
type of research is useful for finding out how many, how much, how often, or to what extent. It adds
value to the legitimacy of the research in many ways: Provides the interpretation of existing literature
in light of updated developments in the field to help in establishing the consistency in knowledge
and relevancy of existing materials It helps in calculating the impact of the latest information in the
field by mapping their progress of knowledge. If you’re doing a systematic review on your own
(e.g., for a research paper or thesis ), you should take appropriate measures to ensure the validity and
reliability of your research. It is also helpful to use as a guide is the searches are not finding any
useful results. In this decision the researcher must be guided by the requirement of a good. Meta-
analysis: This is a quantitative review that uses statistical methods to combine data from multiple
studies to derive a summary effect size. Biology education researchers need to consider whether their
literature review requires studies from different disciplines within or outside DBER. The Creative
Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article,
unless otherwise stated. Value of databases other than medline for rapid health technology
assessments. If you are not aware of writing a literature review, you can get literature review writing
help from experts or Literature review writing service. It defines what you wish to find out and how
you are going to find the same. Table 1 shows, as an example, the final definition constructed in this
way for one of the central concepts of the review, qualitative sampling. It should also reiterate the
importance of the research question or hypothesis and the contribution of the literature review to the
overall research project. It goes beyond documentation and reflects decisions related to the selection
of the sources, the search terms used, the period of time covered, the articles selected in the search,
and the application of backward and forward searches ( vom Brocke et al., 2009 ). In short, the
rigour of any review article is reflected by the explicitness of its methods (i.e., transparency) and the
soundness of the approach used. Comput Vis Image Underst 189:102819 Yang L, Hu H (2019)
Adaptive syncretic attention for constrained image captioning. A good starting point could be to look
at some examples, depending on what kind of literature review you’d like to write. Given this, the
purpose of a literature review is to: Place each work in the context of its contribution to
understanding the research problem being studied. Creswell, J.W. (2003) Research Design:
Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods. Third, there are the perceptions, conclusions, opinion,
and interpretations that are shared informally that become part of the lore of field. This step will help
you work out the structure of your literature review and (if applicable) show how your own research
will contribute to existing knowledge.
If you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order.
Check out Scribbr’s professional proofreading services. This could include datasets, a flowchart to
show what happened to. Reviewing extant research leads to research questions that will contribute to
what is known in the field. We’ve written a step-by-step guide that you can follow below. A well-
done integrative review meets the same standards as primary research in regard to clarity, rigor, and
replication. In our example, a biology education researcher may be interested in exploring how
students’ learning of difficult biological concepts can be supported by the interactions of group
members. We’ll discuss limitations in a bit more detail later in this post, so stay tuned. Consider the
following issues before writing the literature review: Clarify If your assignment is not specific about
what form your literature review should take, seek clarification from your professor by asking these
questions: 1. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review. A
researcher holds assumptions about how the phenomenon will be effected, influenced, changed, or
portrayed. An annotated bibliography is a list of source references that has a short description
(called an annotation ) for each of the sources. The Writing Center University of Winconsin-
Madison. These surveys are further categorized into trend studies, cohort. The literature review
represents a method because the literature reviewer chooses. Use your literature review to inform
your research questions and hypotheses for your thesis. Here, it can be a good idea to use a figure to
summarise the key decisions, especially if your university recommends using a specific model (for
example, Saunders’ Research Onion ). Seventy-five trials and eleven systematic reviews a day: how
will we ever keep up? PLoS Med. 2010;7(9):e1000326. Bramer WM, Rethlefsen ML, Kleijnen J,
Franco OH. Romi Satria Wahono. SD Sompok Semarang (1987) SMPN 8 Semarang (1990) SMA
Taruna Nusantara Magelang (1993). Systematic Review This form consists of an overview of
existing evidence pertinent to a clearly formulated research question, which uses pre-specified and
standardized methods to identify and critically appraise relevant research, and to collect, report, and
analyse data from the studies that are included in the review. But the real gap lies between an
individual who is preparing the piece of work amidst intense academic, personal and social pressure
and a specialized writer who is sitting at a conducive workplace, where he or she can think, research,
compile and craft the entire piece of an assignment that even academicians appreciate. Conceptual
frameworks are broader, encompassing both established theories (i.e., theoretical frameworks) and
the researchers’ own emergent ideas. What types of sources should I review (books, journal articles,
websites; scholarly versus popular sources)? 3. Hence, there is no subject or topic that is too small,
too large or obscure for us. Examples of such flaws include data that do not pertain to the question, a
lack of discussion about the data collection, poorly constructed instruments, or an inadequate
analysis. A study conducted by Gehrke and Kezar (2017) used the CoP framework to understand
organizational change by examining the involvement of individual faculty engaged in a cross-
institutional CoP focused on changing the instructional practice of faculty at each institution. As new
researchers seek to learn about these elements, they will find different resources, a variety of
perspectives, and many suggestions about the construction and use of these elements. Our team
consists of the best experts with tremendous academic writing experience. How to write the methods
section of a systematic review Keep it brief. Refining Boolean queries to identify relevant studies for
systematic review updates.
Formalized guidance and standards would improve the quality of future methods overviews,
something we believe has important implications for advancing qualitative and quantitative
methodology. A well-elucidated conceptual framework can suggest additional studies that may be
warranted. You should have a rough idea of your strategy before you start writing. In focusing on a
specific problem within a broader research strand, a new researcher will likely need to examine
research outside BER. If this is not going beyond the requirements of writing a sample of literature
review, why not. So the point is, to write a review one has to have a logical argument and this
logical argument should then follow through the remaining research report work that one does!
Further work is warranted to develop more definitive guidance. The introduction should clearly
establish the focus and purpose of the literature review. Not a research paper where you select
resources to support one side of an issue versus another. Select the databases you will use to conduct
your searches. Methodological If you draw your sources from different disciplines or fields that use
a variety of research methods, you might want to compare the results and conclusions that emerge
from different approaches. We will explore these topics more in the next chapters. For example, if
you are reviewing literature about women and religion, key themes can include the role of women in
churches and the religious attitude towards women. A comprehensive literature review on image
captioning methods and We found 548 papers using a systematic literature review (SLR) technique,
of which 38 were identified as primary studies and so underwent in-depth analysis.. The research
methodology is introduced in Section. Thank uuuu! These contents are really valued for me. The
researcher should draw up a preliminary outline of the topic with reference. Keep careful notes so
that you may track your thought processes during the research process. Experts: Contact experts in
the field to ask if they have unpublished studies that should be included in your review. Reviewing
research methodologies Research methodology is the specific strategies, processes, or techniques
utilised in the collection of information that is created and analysed. A literature review is a survey
of credible sources on a topic, often used in dissertations, theses, and research papers. In education, a
well-conceptualized and well-executed review provides a summary of the research that has already
been done on a specific topic and identifies questions that remain to be answered, thus illustrating
the current research project’s potential contribution to the field and the reasoning behind the
methodological approach selected for the study ( Maxwell, 2012 ). A literature review is a document
or section of a document that collects key sources on a topic and discusses those sources in
conversation with each other (also called synthesis ). Have you written a stellar literature review you
care to share for teaching purposes. Another strategy is to scan the reference lists of relevant studies.
Don’t be afraid to do more research if you discover a new thread as you’re writing. Notable is their
observation of how the differences between the methods reviews and conventional quantitative
systematic reviews, specifically attributable to their varying content and purpose, have implications
for defining what qualifies as systematic. Any lit review is only as good as the research it discusses;
make sure your sources are well-chosen and your research is thorough. A more nuanced finding was
that group composition had a conditional effect. Don’t be afraid to do more research if you discover
a new thread as you’re writing. With a few paragraphs divided up with subheadings, the writing gets
higher readability as people can find the needed information in the chosen sections.
Our goal in writing this paper is not to offer specific advice about how to write these sections in
scholarly work. Grounded in the assumption of community learning, the literature on CoP suggests
that, as individuals interact regularly with the other members of their group, they learn about the
rules, roles, and goals of the community ( Allee, 2000 ). Consider Whether Your Sources are Current
Some disciplines require that you use information that is as current as possible. The Writing Center.
University of North Carolina; Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. It uses the information to support the point
like the lawyer uses evidence to prove their cases. It should focus on the essence of the study, for
example, “first-year nonmajor students’ understanding of evolution,” “metacognitive prompts to
enhance learning during biochemistry,” or “instructors’ inquiry-based instructional practices after
professional development programming.” This type of phrase should help a new researcher identify
two or more areas to review that pertain to the study. For the novice researcher, there are useful
suggestions for creating coherent literature reviews. Since many books and book chapters did not
exist electronically, their full text had to be physically retrieved in hardcopy, while 11 publications
were retrievable only through interlibrary loan or purchase request. This approach helps highlight
ethical issues which you should be aware of and consider as you go through your own study.
Introduction 5. The Literature Review A literature review may consist of simply a summary of key
sources, but in the social sciences, a literature review usually has an organizational pattern and
combines both summary and synthesis, often within specific conceptual categories.A summary is a
recap of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a
reshuffling, of that information in a way that. For instance, a research team plans to test a novel
component of an existing theory. Rely heavily on the guidelines your instructor has given you.
Download Word doc Download Google doc Before you begin searching for literature, you need a
clearly defined topic. This article has been adapted into lecture slides that you can use to teach your
students about writing a literature review. It is our hope that our descriptive account will serve as a
valuable source for those conducting, evaluating or using reviews in this important and growing
domain. When we say “literature review” or refer to “the literature,” we are talking about the
research ( scholarship ) in a given field. It also includes key references to methodological guidelines
and useful sources that can be used by eHealth scholars and researchers for planning and developing
reviews. While in soft sciences, the survey provides an overview and synthesis of various schools of
thoughts and their interconnection. A comparative analysis of various instructions and procedures
attained through the review of literature can bring in clearance about the research methodology of
your study. Creswell, J.W. (2003) Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods.
However, the purpose and function of each of these elements is often confusing to new education
researchers. Analyze and synthesize the literature: Analyze each source in depth, identifying the key
findings, methodologies, and conclusions. All authors contributed to revising the manuscript.
Remember to use refine options such as books, ebooks, subject, and publication date. (2) Subject
headings in Databases Databases categorise their records using subject terms, or a controlled
vocabulary (thesaurus). Determining the scope of the reading is not always straightforward. Robust
literature reviews reinforce the importance of a study. All literature reviews have a fundamental
structure. Identifies critical gaps and points of disagreement. Selecting appropriate sources will
depend upon your research topic. In this section, you can also briefly mention how you’ll structure
the chapter.