World View Image of Almora Town

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Spatial distribution of buildings in the Almora town
area.
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Spatial distribution of Height wise building in the Almora town
3D Map of buildings in the Almora town area. 4
Spatial distribution of 3D buildings in the Almora Municipal area.
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Integration of household details of Municipal Register with buildings .

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COMPONENTS OF GI SCIENCE

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GIScience Applications

Management
Monitoring
Mapping
Measurement
Planning
Analysis
Governance

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GIScience Applications:
In Management

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 GIScience Applications:
In Management (Contd…)

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GIScience Applications:
In Monitoring

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 GIScience Applications:
In Monitoring (Contd…)

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GIScience Applications:
In Mapping

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GIScience Applications:
In Mapping (Contd…)

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GIScience Applications:
In Planning

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GIScience Applications:
In Analysis

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GIScience Applications:
In Analysis (Contd…)

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GIScience Applications:
In Measurement

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GIScience Applications:
In Governance

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 GIScience Applications:

In Governance
(With Specific to Uttarakhand)

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District GIS Cell

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District GIS Coordination Committee, Nainital

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GIS/GIScience in Education

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San Francisco StateUniversity

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University of Southern California

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Indiana State University

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Michigan State University

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St. Mary’s University, Minnesots

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University of Sains Malaysia

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University of Cantbury

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University of Minnesota

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University of Edinburg

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University of Nottingham

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University of Queensland

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 Geographic Information Science
–in 20 Different Universities

• Department of Geography, Michigan State University (USA)

• Department of Geography, University of Denver (USA)
• Department of Geography, University of Minnesota (USA)
• Department of Geography, University of Southern California (USA)
• Department of Resource Analysis, Saint Mary's University of Minnesota (USA)
• Department of Geography, San Fransicisco State University (USA)
• Dept. of Humanities& Social Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University
• (USA)
• School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester (USA)
• School of Geography and Development, University of Arizona (USA)
• Dept. of Geography, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (USA)
• Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo (USA)
• Department of Geomantic Engineering, , University College London (UK)
• School of Geography, University of Nottingham (UK)
• Institute of Geography, University of Edinburgh (UK)
• Department of Geography, University of Canterbury (New Zealand)
• School of Environment, University of Auckland (New Zealand)
• School of Geography, Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand)
• Department of Geography, University of Queensland (Australia)
• Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Canada
• School of Humanities, University Sains Malaysia (Malaysia)

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 Institutes Offering Course And
Training In The Field Of Remote
Sensing And Geographical
Information System

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Remote Sensing Lab, Classroom D

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Address of the Institute Course offering

M.Sc. Geo-Informatics, M.Tech.

Birla Institute of Technology,
Remote Sensing and Ph.D. (RS/
Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Geo-Informatics)

M.Tech. Remote Sensing and training

Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), Course like certificate, Diploma
Dehradun, Uttaranchal and PG diploma in Remote
Sensing and Geo-Informatics

M.Sc. Remote Sensing/

M.D.S. University, Ajmer, Rajasthan
Geo-Informatics

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Jawaharlal Nehru Technical M.Tech. Remote Sensing and
University (JNTU), Hyderabad Ph.D. (RS/ Geo- Informatics)

National Remote Sensing Agency Training course in various application

(NRSA), Balanagar, (Hyderabad) of Remote Sensing and Geo-Informatics

Indian Institute of
Training courses and Ph.D in Remote
Technology (lIT), Roorkee,
Sensing/Geo-Informatics
Kanpur, Kharagpur

M.Tech. Remote Sensing and

A.P. University, Hyderabad
Ph.D. (RS/ Geo- Informatics
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Andhra University (Visakhapatanam MTech (Remote Sensing);
530003)

Barkatullah University (Bhopal 482026) MSc(Tech) (Remote Sensing);

MTech (Remote Sensing) open to MSc

Bharatidasan University (Tiruchinarappalli degree holders in geography, geology or
620024) geophysics;

MTech (Remote Sensing and

University of Roorkee (Roorkee – 147667) Photogrammetric Engineering);

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Sri Venkateshwara University(Tirupathi – MSc (Remote Sensing System Management).
517502)

Osmania University (Hyderabad) Diploma in Geographical Cartography,

Jamia Millia Islamia Diploma in Computer Cartography, P.G.

Diploma in Advance Remote Sensing and
GIS

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Kumaun University MSc Remote Sensing and GIS

Pune University M.Sc. Geoinformatics, P.G. Diploma in

Applied Remote Sensing and GIS.

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Garhwal University MSc Remote Sensing and GIS

University of Jammu
M.Sc. Remote Sensing and GIS

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 GIScience
“is a powerful set of technologies
for collecting, storing, analyzing,
retrieving at will, developing
information, transforming and
displaying spatial data and non-
spatial data from the real world ”

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 HISTORY OF GIS DEVELOPMENT

 Period of Geographic Information System (1960s)

 Period of GI Technology (1970s)

 Period of Matured GI Technology (1980s)

 Period of Global Development of GI System (1990s)

 Period of GI Science (2000 onward)

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 GPS
(GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)

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 GPS
(GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)

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 GPS
(GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)

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 GPS
(GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)

Measures:
X,Y,Z, T
Records- Track

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 Introduction

• In 1973,GPS was developed by the US DOD to

satisfied the requirements for the military
forces to accurately determine their position,
velocity and time in a common referenced
system.
• The system service was available worldwide
with all weather capability.
• For all the services one must have a suitable
GPS receiver.
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 Definition

GPS is a satellite based navigational aid.

Essentially it is a radio positioning navigation
and time transfer system. It provides
accurate information on position, velocity
and time of an object or a platform at any
moment, anywhere on the Globe.

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GPS

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 GPS SEGMENTS

• The system is divided into three segments:

• 1. Space segment
• 2. Control segment
• 3. Users segment

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 Three Segments of the GPS

Space Segment

User Segment

Control Segment

Ground
Antennas
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Master Station Monitor Stations
 Space segment:

• GPS consists of 21 satellites (plus 3 active

spares) at an altitude of 20200 km above the
earth’s surface.
• 24 Satellites in 6 Orbital Planes
• 4 Satellites in each Plane
• 20,200 km Altitudes, 55-Degree Inclination

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GPS Constellation

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 Space Segment Vehicle
The Space Segment of the system consists of the 24 GPS satellites.
These space vehicles (SVs) send radio signals from space.
Their configuration provides user with between five and eight SVs visible from any point on the
earth.

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 Control segment

• The GPS-System is controlled by the US Army.

The “master control station” (Schriever AFB) and
four additional monitoring stations (on Hawaii,
Ascension Islands, Diego Garcia and Kawajalein)
were set up for monitoring the satellites
• During August and September 2005, six more
monitor stations of the NGA (National
Geospatial-Intelligence Agency) were added to
the grid.

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 Control Segment
The Control Segment consists of a system of tracking stations located around the world.
These stations measure signals from the SVs, compute orbital data, upload data to the SVs, then
the SVs send data to GPS receivers over radio signals

Figure 3. GPS Master Control and Monitor Network 64

CONTROL SEGMENT

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 User Segment

• This component consists of the GPS receivers and

the user community. GPS receivers convert SV signal
into position, velocity and time estimates.

• With this ability, GPS has three main functions;

navigation (for aircraft, ships, etc), precise
positioning (for surveying, plate tectonics, etc,) and
time and frequency dissemination (for astronomical
observatories, telecommunications facilities, etc.)

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GPS Control Monitor

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 User Segment
The User Segment consists of the GPS receivers and the user community.
GPS receivers convert SV signals into position, velocity, and time estimates.
Four satellites are required to compute the four dimensions of X, Y, Z (position) and T (time).

Figure 5. Four GPS Satellite Solution 68

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 GPS receivers are used for navigation, surveying, time dissemination, and other research.
Navigation receivers are made for aircraft, ships, ground vehicles, and for hand carrying by
individuals.

Figure 6. GPS Navigation 70

 Three Segments of the GPS

Space Segment

User Segment

Control Segment

Ground
Antennas
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Master Station Monitor Stations
 GPS MAP/DATA SHEET
A Rout Map (Geography Department SSJ Campus—Sitapur Eye Hospital-Arya Samaj-S.P.Office-Savoy Hotel-Campus
Gate) Prepared through GPS Survey by Group I of the NYKS Volunteers on 7th September 2006

Arya Samaj S.P.Office

Savoy Hotel

Campus Gate

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Neighborhood Mapping/Mobile Mapping through GPS

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 GPS APPLICATIONS
 Military.
 Search and rescue.
 Disaster relief.
 Surveying-Plate Movement, Glacial Retreat, Sea Level
Rise, Earth Quacks
 Marine, aeronautical and terrestrial navigation.
 Remote controlled vehicle and robot guidance.
 Satellite positioning and tracking.
 Shipping.
 Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
 Recreation.

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GIS GPSGPS GPS

• GIS

EARTH

PALMTOP
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GIS GPSGPS GPS

• GIS

EARTH

PALMTOP
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 An Introduction to
Geographic Information Science (GIScience)
&
Global Positioning System
(GPS)

A Presentation By-
Prof..J.S.Rawat
National Geospatial Chair Professor
(DST Government of India):
Director
Centre of Excellence for NRDMS in Uttarakhand
&
Professor & Head
Department of Geography
Kumaun University SSJ Campus Almora

jsrawat1955@gmail.com
Mb 7533983533

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