Review

Implicit differentiation

y full off fishy TO

기 관하한 식

기에 관한 미분
Y flat 상수
chain rule

Inverse ft
f 1 1 ft inverse
ftp.rcsiny
y sin 기 for 팔드기 I Sint y 기
for 1 9 I
1 Sin기 105기

y cos 기 for o 기 i
costly 기
F
for a y I

읆 1005191
iIii
fr ICY C I
y tan 기 for ㅎ 드기 i
tan ty a
fr Y EIR

i tan l y
int
Y CSC 기 71121 CSC y 기 Y ECO I JU
CT
붒 sci 기
T.T
y sect기 미 21 sec y d y E Io JU
Ei 로ㅍ
음
e
secta

U cot 기 기티R Coty 기 0 ㅍ

붐 ft n
nine
3.10 Linear Approximations and Di erentials

y f
기

there Ointment
y
f a

fla
slope

f la
ne

1기 a
f n fla tf 1a 1가 a
Th 매 y Fay f a 기 a

1 r
tangent
linear approximation
line equation

tangent line approximation

of fnl at a
맨i 싩잃fi
a linear function whose graph is
tangent
p
Example 1) Find the linearization of the f (x) = x + 3 at a = 1: function
p p
and use it to approximate the 3:98 and 4:05 numbers

Are these approximations overestimates

ti f or
underestimates?

171 57H32 171 12 E

i
f 기 길 1개3
Th
f 1
ein 4 1.2 iit iy.int
a l fl al 2 L1기1 f 1 f l 기 1
2 기 1

it
F1기1 F3 L1 기1
it 98 t i 1 995

V5.98 기 0.98.1

fill TH377
Pᵈ Y5 t i 2 0125

54.05 1.1.05
Example 2) For what values of x is the linear approximation
accurate to within 0.5? What about accuracy to within 0.1?

FT
F3 1t 무기
so IT

E5 II 1 이

F5 85 _FF NO
IT
T_T 75g
2.6 is a
148.62 22
approximation 남었음 f
1.1 기 3.9 within on
 기
Di erentials f 1기t0
flat OY

핐
iiii i밷 i da in dependant variable

dy is defined in terms

leddyifh_ll.de Slope
of
tart
dr
of

let di ΔA Δ
y f ft o기 f a

y dy

let di 기 a then 기 at di

fntnstftiatitfeanasgstttt
fl at di flat t f a at di al
f al t fa d기

f al dy

Tb
fnn fit 3 f di d
e dy i

If a l di al o.o b

F5 fun T.j 2 i i5 li 05
Example 3) The radius of a sphere was measured and found to be 21 cm with a possible error
in measurement of at most 0.05 cm.
What it the maximum error in using this value of the radius to compute the volume of the
sphere?

radius of sphere r dr or

ese
e_f r volume of i
V 5 ir
dov
一
If the error in the measured value of
r is denotedby dr r 0.05

then error calculated value

corresponding in
of V ΔV

5Th 3r2 4 T r2
e 5
dv 4Ft dr 4n 2172.17.05

276.948
2771
maximum error in
the calculated vol une
is about 277 cm

relative error

it
s
iii 3
55 0.00.24
 I

percentage errors
0.24
2 7