Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NAT Language and Communication
NAT Language and Communication
Department of Education
REGION X – NORTHERN MINDANAO
Division of Bukidnon
SHS ENGLISH
2023 NAT
1. When the outgoing President delivers his final State of the Nation Address
(SONA), what communication function is demonstrated?
A. control C. information dissemination
B. emotional expression D. social interaction
3. Justin is an 11th -grade student who wants to present the similarities and
differences between an android phone and an apple smartphone using a
graphic organizer. What graphic organizer will he use?
A. cause and effect C. timeline
B. fish bone D. Venn diagram
6. Which of the following epic which talks about a hero Lam-ang, quest for the
heart of Ines Kannoyan and his exploits with his pets – a white rooster and
a dog.
A. Hushed C. Lam-ang
B. Ibalon D. Maragtas
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7. Naz is assigned to report on the pre-colonial literature in the Philippines.
Among his statements, which of these is not true about Philippine pre-
Colonial literature?
A. Pre-colonial literature includes chants, proverbs, and song.
B. Pre-colonial includes creative fiction and narratives
C.Pre-colonial literature defects the livelihood, customs, and traditions
of the Filipinos during the Spanish occupation.
D.Pre-colonial literature includes literature that was passed on from
generation to generation through the word of mouth.
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C. They help organize an outline, or depending on the purpose they can
determine the form that a paper will take
D. All of the above
Read the excerpt by Edgar Allan Poe and answer the questions below.
13. In the short story, the narrator tells the reader that he is going to take
revenge on a character named Fortunato. Which of these statements gives
his main reason?
A. The narrator was offended by Fortunato.
B. The narrator suffered injuries caused by Fortunato .
C.The narrator is drunk with anger towards Fortunato.
D.The narrator has unfinished business with Fortunato.
Read the paragraph below and answer the questions that follows.
Nestor Vicente Madali “N.V.M.” Gonzales was born on September 8,
1915 in Romblon, Romblon. At the age of five his family moved to Mindoro.
He attended the Mindoro High School from1927 to 1930 and the National
University, but he was not able to obtain a degree. His first essay was
published in the Philippine Graphic. He was also an editor for the Manila
Chronicle and Evening News Magazine.
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C.A biography focuses on the real account of the author’s life.
D.A biography is a fictional account of the author’s life.
15. The grade 12 English class is assigned to write a narrative essay. Among
the choices given, which information should be included in their essay?
I. A story that happened in a particular setting
II. A memorable experience
III. Chronologically arranged details
IV. A definition of a sign and symbol
16. You're sitting in a meeting or class and the speaker is dull. What is the
barrier in this situation?
A. emotional C. mental
B. language D. noise
18. Rica greets Lito, then they start talking about their plans for the summer
escapade. What type of speech context occurs here?
A. Interpersonal C. mass communication
B. intrapersonal D. public
19. In the poem “The Telephone Conversation “written by Wole Soyinka, the
woman who owns the apartment asks the client who is an African man
about his skin color. What does her question imply?
A. The woman likes the African skin color.
B. The woman is amused of the African skin color.
C.The woman is very careful to men, who will rent her apartment.
D.The woman is concerned of letting the African man rent her
apartment because of his skin color.
Read the following research article and answer the question that
follows.
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also face other health risks and complications due to their immature bodies.
Babies born to younger mothers are also at greater risk.
For many adolescents, pregnancy and childbirth are neither planned, nor
wanted. In countries where abortion is prohibited or highly restricted,
adolescents typically resort to unsafe abortion, putting their health and lives
at risk. Some 3.9 million unsafe abortions occur each year to girls aged 15-
19 in developing regions.
Adolescent pregnancy can also have negative social and economic
effects on girls, their families and communities. Unmarried pregnant
adolescents may face stigma or rejection by parents and peers as well as
threats of violence. Girls who become pregnant before age 18 are also more
likely to experience violence within a marriage or partnership. (WHO. 2020)
20. Which of the following research title is the most suitable for the research
article above?
A. Effects of Teenage Pregnancy
B. Factors affecting Teenage Pregnancy
C.What is the average Number of Teenage Pregnancy in the
Philippines?
D.None of the above.
Read the passage below and answer the question that follows.
“What do you think about banning smoking? The whole country is divided
on this issue. Some people believe that there should be no limitations placed
on smoking. Others have different opinions. Tobacco should be outlawed
because smoking endangers everyone’s health, pollutes the environment,
and drains us of valuable energy.”
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Piranha are omnivorous, freshwater fish, which are mostly known for their
raw of sharp, triangular teeth in both jaws. Piranha’s teeth come together in
a scissor-like bite and are used for puncture and tearing. Baby piranha are
small about the size of a thumbnail. The many species of piranha vary in
color, though most are either and silvery with an orange underbelly and the
throat almost black.
(writingcenter.unc.edu.)
25. What type of speech style is appropriate when consulting a doctor for an
illness?
A. casual C. frozen
B. consultative D. intimate
The sun is in our eyes, for it was dipping into then bright sea. The sky was
wide and deep and very blur above us: but along the saw-tooth rim of the
Katayaghan hills to the southwest framed huge masses of clouds. Before us
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the fields swam in the golden haze through which floated big purple and red
and yellow bubbles when I looked at the sinking sun.
Read the poem below and answer the questions that follow.
A Haiku
by Basho
A snowy morning --
By myself,
Chewing on dried salmon
Conceptual Paradigm:
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31. In the conceptual framework given above, what do you think is considered
as the mediating variable?
A. Learning style C. Both A and B
B. Multiple intelligences D. None of the above
32. “Are you the only person in this house?" your mother asks as you sit in
the living room watching television at full blast. What does her declaration
imply?
A. You are going to change the channel.
B. You're going to turn off the TV.
C.You'll turn down the television's volume.
D.You will invite everyone in the home to watch television with you.
33. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the importance of
Quantitative Research?
A. It helps educators identify ways to improve learning.
B. It helps improve crop production using safe organic fertilizers.
C.It helps pharmaceutical companies explore safe and effective
medicines.
D.It helps understand victims of domestic violence perception of
satisfaction.
In our small town, Papa's soda shop was the most popular place for high
school students to meet. Unlike his brother, our military-minded, sullen
principal, Papa was always relaxed, kind, interested, always ready to add
extra whipped cream and cherries to our sodas. He was tolerant of the
noisy, boisterous students who came to his shop after school. Everyone I
knew in town, except our principal, loved Papa.
(https://www.madison-schools.com/cms)
34. In the passage, how does the writer describe the two men?
A. compares Papa's place to others in the town
B. Suggests that Papa was hypocritical.
C.Explains why two brothers were different.
D.contrasting the personality of the two men
35. What is the basis for the writer’s observations towards the character?
A. A gossip
B. scholarly research
C.first-hand experience
D.opinions of the writers
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36. The essence of this academic paper is to explain what the study is all
about, and why it is important and the methods that will be used in
conducting the study.
A. concept paper C. position paper
B. survey paper D. report paper
For number 38, read the poem and answer the question that follows.
40. If you want to assess the statistical relationship between Motivation and
Academic Performance of Grade 12 students in Practical Research
subject, what quantitative research design will you use?
A. cohort C. experimental
B. correlation D. None of the above
41. The flow or growth of interaction is directed and controlled by this form of
communicative strategy.
A. nomination C. topic control
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B. restriction D. turn-taking
43. A group researchers want to use the best probability sampling procedure
that would help them in saving their time and resources. They also want to
provide equal opportunity to select respondents from Grade 12 STEM
students. What sampling procedure should they choose?
A. cluster sampling
B. simple random sampling
C.stratified random sampling
D.systematic sampling
44. Zacharee writes a book review for her reading class. What information
will she include in the beginning of her book review?
A. the thesis statements
B. the summary of the content
C.the author’s biographical information
D.the book’s bibliographical information
46. Except for one, the following should be considered while dealing with
persons from other cultures. What exactly is it?
A. Always be courteous.
B. Be aware of other people's religious beliefs.
C.To refer to a large bunch, use "he" and "man."
D.Avoid making broad generalizations about a certain group.
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47. In the study conducted by Sumaong J.2020, the data shows the
responses of students from Balbalayang National High School to the
question “Do you have a reliable internet connection?” In the study
conducted about the Implementation of Modular Distance Learning in the
Philippine Secondary Public Schools. What do these data signify?
A. 27% of BNHS students do not have a reliable internet connection
B. 27% of BNHS students have a reliable internet connection
C.40 % of BNHS students have a reliable internet connection
D.None of the above
48. Which two months had approximately the same amount of candy sold?
A. September and February
B. October and March
C.November and March
D.September and December
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49. Ysmael wants to define an application letter. Among the choices below
which is the best definition he can give?
A. It is a type of letter to address any wrong doing or offense.
B. It is a personal letter that is typically used to apply for a job.
C.It is a letter written to publicize and ultimately sell a product or a
service to the consumers.
D.It is a letter written from one company to another.
50. Research findings in the Philippines shows that the great number of
activities in each module is one of the main problems that emerged in the
implementation of Modular Distance Learning. As a Senior High student,
what recommendation can you give to solve the said problem?
A. Teachers should reduce activities from the modules.
B. Teachers should provide more examples for each subject.
C.Teachers should conduct home visitation once a week.
D.All of the above
51. Andrea had a quarrel with her boyfriend Anton. Her classmates noticed
that she is not interested in the discussions in the class and seemed to
have a lonely and unmotivated facial expression. Based on these non-
verbal cues from Andrea, what type of Noise is she experiencing?
A. Physical Noise C. Psychological Noise
B. Semantic Noise D. Physiological Noise
52. Jason is a student from G11 Newton. He admired a cute girl from Grade
11 Erasmus. After weeks of thinking how to reach her out, he finally took
the courage of sending her a private message in Messenger. In his
message, he introduced himself and told her that he cannot sleep soundly
in the previous days because of constantly thinking of her. Unfortunately,
the girl only had his message "Seen 8:45 PM". Jason received no reply at
all. What model of communication does the situation exhibit?
A. A Linear Model C. Interactive Model
B. Transactional Model D. Intergalactic Model
53. BNSHI School Principal Ma'am Ybañez announced during the flag
ceremony that there will be no class on Friday. Later in the afternoon, she
issued a memorandum by classroom and had it posted on the
announcement boards. What dimension of communication was being
exhibited in these situations?
A. Intentional - Unintentional Communication
B. Oral- Written Communication
C.Verbal - Non-Verbal Communication
D.Formal - Informal Communication
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54. Diego is done from his basketball training. He went to his classroom tired
and sweaty. As he removed his shoes, some of his classmates covered
their nose. One of his classmates uttered "What's that smell?" What
dimension of communication was being exhibited in these situations?
A. A Intentional - Unintentional Communication
B. Oral Written Communication
C.Verbal - Non-Verbal Communication
D.Formal - Informal Communication
57. Frozen Speech Style is having a quality that is static, ritualistic, and may
even be archaic and symbolic. This speech style do not easily change.
Which among the following is an example of Frozen Speech Style?
A. Panatang Makabayan
B. a commencement speech
C.The President's SONA
D.Opening remarks
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B. Journal Entry D. Online Chatting
61. Sermons of the priests, State of the Nation Address of the President,
Formal Speeches or pronouncements by judges are examples of?
A. Intimate C. Formal
B. casual D. Frozen
65. Ms. Thalle will deliver a lecture on the importance of recycling to a group
o farmers and fisher folks. She has decided to revise the presentation
which she delivered to senior high school students in the city. Which of the
following explains her decision?
A. Context and audience affect message
B. Message changes depending on topic
C.Delivery depends on work environment
D.Speaker roles and responsibilities change
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66. Anton is preparing a persuasive speech on the need to save local lakes
and rivers. Which topic should he expand to present a convincing speech?
A. Types of water pollutants
B. Map of local lakes and rivers
C.Effects of polluted water sources
D.List of environmental organizations
67. A student writes a follow-up letter to her letter of request. What will be an
appropriate beginning?
A. It's pretty wonderful how you responded promptly to my letter.
B. I truly appreciate the attention you gave my letter through mail
C.May I appeal for a reconsideration of my request for your help?
D.May the Lord find you in good health when you open this letter.
69. Which of Ms. Merry's statements reflects an effective use of alliteration for
retention of her intended message?
A. "Minimize the use of plastic products".
B. "Keep the streetlights well-maintained".
C. "Follow the dictum; Reuse, Recycle, and Reduce”.
D. "Segregate the wastes: Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable".
For items 70-71, read the passage below and answer the questions that
follow:
"More than twenty years ago, the world united to condemn and
mobilize against the use of children in armed conflict. Since then,
thousands of children have been released as a result of Action Plans
mandated by the UN Security Council and other actions aimed at
ending and preventing recruitment and use of children by armed
forces and groups. However, serious challenges for the protection of
children affected by armed conflict remain."
(taken from "Children and Armed Conflict", www.un.org)
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B. Action plans of UN Security Council
C.Release of children in armed conflict
D.Lack of child protection in armed conflict
72. Which work of Dr. Jose P. Rizal may have a close relation with the
revolution which he condemned?
A. Noli Me Tangere
B. El Filibusterismo
C.To the Women of Malolos
D.The Philippines a Century Hence
74. You would like to negotiate the deadline set by your manager. Which of
the following would most likely help you succeed in asking for an extension
of the deadline?
A. Ask her questions about the project.
B. Persuade her relentlessly to change her mind.
C.Lobby for an improved quality given an extended deadline.
D.Maintain eye contact with her all throughout the negotiation.
75. A customer was very disappointed with the product she bought from your
company. Since you are the customer service representative, you have to
talk to the customer. Which of the following would be best to pacify the
customer?
A. Offer her the solution to her problem right away.
B. Defend the quality of your product to the customer.
C.Listen to her concern first and sympathize with the customer.
D.Ask her to talk to the manager to address her concern immediately.
76. The topic sentence of a paragraph says, "Good landscaping helps keep a
house cool". What would happen if a house landscaped has no grass and
plants around it?
A. It would look empty. C. It would make one feel sad.
B. It would be hot and warm. D. It would be fresh and breezy.
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77. Which sentence uses the most appropriate signal words?
A. Although Miguelito wanted to join the varsity, he fell off the stairs, and
his parents did not allow him.
B. Miguelito's parents did not allow him to join the varsity team of the
college; moreover, he fell off the stairs.
C.Miguelito wanted to join the varsity team of the college. His parents
did not allow him; on the contrary, he fell off the stairs.
D.Miguelito wanted to join the varsity team of the college; however, his
parents did not allow him to join because he fell off the stairs.
78. Which of the following is the formal way of saying, "Wanna hang out with
us?"
A. Want to join us?
B. Do you like to join us?
C.Want to hang out with us?
D.Would you like to spend time with us?
80. If you were to arrange the following statements into a conversation which
would be the best sequence?
1. "Well, it depends on how you take it."
2. "Have you heard the news?"
3. "Teacher Dina is extending the deadline but she is adding more
guide questions to answer."
4. "Is it good or bad?"
A. 1-2-3-4 C. 3-4-2-1
B. 2-4-1-3 D. 4-2-1-3
81. You were asked to speak to a Barangay about the benefits of having an
urban garden and the means to start up their own. Which of the following
statements do you find most informative for your audience who are
unfamiliar with the topic?
A. Urban gardening is the future of sustainable food production. It is a
fast- growing trend in many cities.
B. My mother is happy that she does not have to buy herbs (ginger,
onion, tomato) anymore for her cooking.
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C.Urban gardening is easy to maintain and it does not require a big
space to build. All you will need are small pots and some seeds.
D.The United States boasts of the popularity of urban gardens in such
cities as Austin, Boston, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City.
82. You are asked to talk about blogging as a hobby. With what kind of
audience will this statement below work?
"As you are all probably aware, most bloggers struggle with how to
publish new content consistently. A committed blogger should not just
publish 'whenever you like it' but write and share on a predictable and
fixed schedule."
A. Expert audience C. Neutral audience
B. Hostile audience D. Uninformed audience
83. During your talk, you realize that your audience does not have the
patience to sit through a long lecture. They seem to be more interested in
knowing what they would get out of it and what would be most beneficial for
them. What should you consider in writing your speech?
A. Be brief and focus on the essential information only.
B. Provide a thorough background of the topic and give them new ideas.
C.Explain why your talk is important and what you expect them to do
after.
D.Begin by having them raise questions and answering their questions
in your talk.
84. When you are sick but you do not want to get confined in the hospital, you
can be discharged though it is against the doctor's advice. However, you
will need to sign a form saying "Home Against Medical Advice" (HAMAD).
Who is most likely to do HAMAD?
A. A nurse C. A patient
B. A doctor D. A surgeon
85. A paraphrase, a précis, and a summary are three writing tasks done for
specific purposes. Which of the following correctly describes each of the
writing tasks?
A. A paraphrase translates the original text into your own words; a
précis shortens the text to its most basic idea; and a summary
expands the original text.
B. A paraphrase interprets the original in full into your own words; a
précis reduces the paraphrase to its barest essential; and a summary
expands the main points of the précisé.
C.A paraphrase expresses the original text into your own idiom; a précis
turns into a brief statement the longer text; and a summary reduces
the paraphrase into a shorter statement.
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D. A paraphrase restates the original text in full; a précis makes a very
short summary of the main points of the text; and a summary turns
the original text into a brief statement of its main points.
86. In writing a review, the reviewer has this to say: "So now I know better
when it comes to musicals (and bands and art installations and indie films).
I'll never again shell out big bucks for a performance I haven't researched
with professional critics as opposed to just professionals. And friends of
professionals." [Source: https://bookriot.com/2016/04/04/when-good-people-read-
and-review- bad-books/]
What statement gives the best interpretation of the reviewer's
recommendation?
A. The reviewer does not like musicals and indie films.
B. The show was good even if the ticket was expensive.
C.The feedback of friends was thorough and well-researched.
D.The professional review is a good guide for going to a show.
87. Study the advertisement below, then, answer the question that follows.
"Be fab, not drab! Fresh and natural new look for every teen this summer!
Capture the vibrant youthful glow of summer with watermelon red lipstick,
melon shade foundation, and fruity shades eye shadow for only P599. Grab
these hot limited edition items now!"
Which of the following sets of words implies the target audience of this
advertisement?
A. Fab, drab, natural C. Summer, fruity, hot
B. New, vibrant, glow D. Teen, youthful, vibrant
88. A student says, "Ma'am, could you please look at my survey questions?
I'm not sure if I wrote them correctly?" What style of communication did the
student use?
A. Casual style C. Intimate style
B. Frozen style D. Consultative style
89. As a candidate for a position in the student government, you are to deliver
a campaign speech. Which speeches style should you use?
A. Casual C. Frozen
B. Formal D. Intimate
90. Your teacher sat with you and your friends during lunch. It was an
interesting conversation, but you wanted to end it because you have other
things to do. Which of the following communication strategies would you
use?
A. Topic control C. Topic restriction
B. Topic shifting D. Topic termination
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For items 91-92, read the text below and answer the questions that follow.
"Meaningful long-term alleviation of hunger is rooted in the alleviation
of poverty, as poverty leads to hunger. World hunger is a terrible
symptom of world poverty. If efforts are only directed at providing food,
or improving food production or distribution, then the structural root
causes that create hunger, poverty and dependency would still
remain." (Taken from "World Hunger and Poverty", in
www.globalissuess.org)
92. Which of the following sentences from the passage shows cause and
effect?
A. Poverty leads to hunger.
B. The world depends on food.
C.World hunger is a terrible symptom.
D.Poverty and dependence would still remain.
94. If you want to differentiate between two concepts or objects, what graphic
organizer is best to use?
A. List C. Bubble chart
B. Topic outline D. Venn diagram
95. Shandy was ecstatic while sharing to Jeric about what happened to her
day. Suddenly, Jeric interrupted her by saying, "Did you find my phone?"
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Shandy replied, "Yeah, right", and then she turned her back and walked
away. How were the ideas arranged in the given scenario?
A. Enumeration C. Problem-solution
B. Chronological D. Cause and effect
98. "Baka hindi ako makarating sa kaarawan mo." Ano ang layunin ng
nagsasali sa kanyang pahayag?
A. Humihingi siya ng paumanhin sa kaibigan.
B. Sigurado siya na dadalo sa karawan ng kaibigan.
C.Hindi siya sigurado na dadalo sa kaarawan ng kaibigan.
D.Nag-aalala siya na hindi makadadalo sa kaarawan ng kaibigan.
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101. Ang mga tao sa buong mundo ay nagkakaindtindihan at
nakakapagpahayag ng saloobin sa kabila ng iba’t ibang kultura. Alin sa
sumusunod ang ginagamit ng tao upang makipagkomukasyon sa iba?
A. Simbolo C. Wika
B. b. Salita D. Pangungusap
105. Si Kuya Kim Atienza ay isa sa mga sikat na weather forcaster na kilala
ng mga tagapanood sa kanyang linyang, “Ang buhay ay weather- weather
lang!”
A. Etnolek C. Sosyolek
B. Dayalek D. Idyolek
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107. Si Dan at ang kanyang mga kaklase ay pumunta sa isang sikat na
Museum. Habang sila ay nasa loob, pinagsabihan muna sila ng kanilang
guro kung ano ang dapat and hindi dapat gawin sa loob ng museum. Ano
ang gamit ng wika sa ibinigay na sitwasyon?
A. Instrumental C. Imahinatibo
B. Heuristik D. Regulatori
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B. Pinal na balangkas
C.Paglalahad ng layunin
D.Pagsulat ng Pinal na Pananaliksik
114. Anong bahagi ng sanaysay ang inilalahad ang mga kuro-kuro o opinion
sa isang mahalagang isyu o paksa sa lipunan?
A. Gitna C. Panimula
B. Wakas D. Ilalim
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119. Kung sakaling ikaw o isa sa mga kapamilya o malapit na kaibigan mo
ang magiging biktima ng cyberbullying, ano-ano ang gagawin mo o ninyo
upang mapigilan ang ganitong uri ng pang-aabuso at mapanagot ang
taong gumagawa nito?
A. Ilihim para hindi mapahiya.
B. E report sa pulisya at patawan ng kaukulang kaso ang nagpasimuno
nito.
C.Sugurin at awayin ang nambibiktima.
D.Hayaan at baliwalain ang cyberbullying para iwas problema.
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A. Sa tingin ko, hindi sapat na dahilan na paratangan si Demafeliz ng
mga estudyanteng mga mensahing hindi kanais-nais na nagdulot
ngkanyang pagkitil sa buhay.
B. Sa pagbisita ng imbestigador ng CHR-Negros Occidental na si
G.Vincent Parra,napag-alaman nitong inakusahan si Demafeliz ng
pagnanakaw ng Computer Tablet ng kanyang kaklase.
C. Lumabas sa imbestigasyon ng Commision of Human Rights (CHR)
ng Negros Occidental na ang isang mag-aaral, na nasa Baitang-8
na si Eric Hain Demafeliz ng Bago City, ay nagpatiwakal dahil sa
Cyberbullying.
D. napag-alaman nitong inakusahan si Demafeliz ng pagnanakaw ng
Computer Tablet ng kanyang kaklase
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sinumang nagpuputol sa iyong balikat upang gumawa ng tala ng
mga key ikaw ay pagpindot.
Mangailangan ng verification ng larawan ID. Sa halip na
mag-sign sa likod ng iyong mga credit card, maaari mong isulat
ang "Tingnan ang ID ng Larawan".
Ihagis ang lahat. Huwag magtapon ng mga resibo ng credit
card o anumang mapagkukunan ng impormasyon sa iyong
mga accounts.
Nangangailangan ng 2- factor authentication sa mga
pinansiyal at social media account. Magdagdag ng dagdag
na layer ng seguridad sa iyong mga personal na online na
account na regular mong nag-sign in gamit ang isang email
address / username at password.
130. Kung ikaw ang tatanungin, ano ang maidaragdag mo na tip sa tekstong
nabasa?
A. Ibahagi sa iyong mga kaibigan ang password ng iyong mga accounts.
B. Gawing pribado ang settings ng iyong mga accounts.
C.Huwag maki alam sa kapaligiran. Magfocus lamang sa ibang bagay.
D.E post sa social media ang lahat ng galaw para IN ka.
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A. Malinaw C. Maligoy
B. Maunawaan D. Kumpleto
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B. Wika D.Kasanayang Pampag-iisip
142. Nililinang dito ang mga kasanayan at natutuhan ang mga kaalamang
kaugnay ng larangang pinagkakadulubhasaan. Kasanayan sa pagbasa,
pakikinig, pagsasalita, panonood, at pagsulat ang napauunlad sa
pagsasagawa ng mga gawain sa larangan. Analisis, panunuring kritikal,
pananaliksik, at eksperimentasyon ang mga isinasagawa rito.
A. opisina C.librari
B. akademiya D.entablado
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kursong pinag-aaralan o propesiyonal na kwalipikasyon. Ito ay ginagamit
na bahagi ng kursong Batsilyer at Masterado.
A. Posisyong Papel C.Konseptong papel
B. Tesis D. Artikulo
-oOo-
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