Sydney Law School Legal Studies Research Paper

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These predatory practices are most effective with low-income consumers who may be experiencing
financial difficulties and who live in remote areas that make it difficult to shop for alternative goods
or seek financial and legal advice. This article suggests an alternative approach which utilises the
collection mechanisms of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) and the worker-focused Fair Work
Ombudsman as the primary agency overseeing superannuation collection. Consumer protections have
been enacted to allow Australians in financial hardship to negotiate payment plans and other
arrangements (sometimes known as “hardship variations”) with creditors including banks, utility and
telecommunications companies. This program is designed to open up your pathways, providing you
with global opportunities while also gaining a life-changing experience. However, only a minority of
debtors surveyed are actually using these protections. Citizenship is a legal status bound up with
belonging. The changing nature of the legal system’s response to this tension reflects changing
notions of Australian nationhood and throws light on what it means to be an Australian today.
Claims to belong have shaped and changed both the law and the ways in which citizenship and the
relevant constitutional membership concepts are understood. Belinda Fehlberg, Lisa Sarmas and
Jenny Morgan The Perils and Pitfalls of Formal Equality in Australian Family Law Reform ( 801 ) In
this paper, we identify the influence of formal equality—and more specifically, formal gender
equality (that is, treating men and women the same)—in central areas of major Australian family law
reform over the past 20 years. However, for debtors on social security incomes, financial hardship
has particularly serious consequences, impacting negatively on health, relationships and social
inclusion, and undermining their ability to afford necessities such as food, heating and medical care.
Paul Ali, Steve Kourabas, Cosima McRae and Ian Ramsay Consumer Leases and Indigenous
Consumers ( 803 ) Consumer leases offer low-income consumers the option to hire household items
that they do not have the money to purchase upfront. Elise Bant Statute and Common Law:
Interaction and Influence in Light o f the Principle of Coherence ( 802 ) This article seeks to lay the
groundwork for further discussion and analysis within the broader Australian legal community of the
interaction between common law (here including equitable doctrines) and statute in the Australian
private law context. Those who commit war crimes (or other international crimes), or crimes under
national law in a NIAC, may be prosecuted in a fair trial (chapters 15 and 16). In doing so, it will
analyse the interaction between legal doctrine on the one hand, and wider institutional and social
attitudes on the other. IHL was preci sely developed as a kind of exceptional or emergency law
comprehensively addressing all forms of violence in armed conflict; international law on terrorism
has meanwhile remained somewhat ill- defined and diffuse, rendering its relation to armed conflict
often unclear. The cases therefore pose the question of how these values are accommodated within
the Australian system of representative and responsible government. This would see superannuation
recast as “deferred wages”, recoverable in the same way as other employee entitlements. They are
marketed by consumer lease providers as a cheap way to purchase important household items.
However, recent studies illustrate that the price ultimately paid to hire goods under a consumer lease
contract will generally exceed the retail value of the goods hired and that it is the most expensive
form of finance available. Despite this, consumers are often persuaded to enter into consumer lease
contracts as a result of predatory practices engaged in by providers. As a highly-qualified and
intellectually-outstanding student, this one-year coursework offers you the opportunity to pursue
your legal studies at an advanced level in a challenging and supportive environment. Provide a
rigorous, academic, contemporary and adaptive legal education. Bringing together students,
stakeholders and staff, to reimagine the Sydney Law School experience has renewed our focus and
reset our priorities. This issue includes the following articles: Helen Anderson and Tess Hardy
Superannuation Guarantee Contributors as a Tax: The Case for Reincarnation over Reform ( 800 )
The superannuation guarantee charge, which aims to ensure that employers pay compulsory
superannuation for their employees, is collected as a tax. Attempts to improve recovery — both
legislative and procedural — have arguably been tinkering around the edges of a fundamentally
misconceptualised scheme. This is not to deny instrumental or pragmatic considerations on the part
of governments and individuals, but to treat citizenship policy and law as overdetermined, with a
strong existential aspect. Should you enrol in the LLM program, you can do so without a
specialisation, or you could select any of the following six specialisations National University of
Singapore offer. This historically informed study will explain the background to current
developments, including the 2020 case of Love and Thoms which concerned the legal status of
Indigenous Australians, and is but one of the latest instances in Australian history in which tensions
have arisen between formal legal status and belonging. The project will contribute to legal history
more generally, analysing the relationship between legal and broader institutional and social
developments. We address complex problems and deliver research of the highest quality and create
impact across a wide range of traditional, established and emerging areas of global significance.
Indeed, it arguably requires that statutes and general law must, so far as is possible, be interpreted
and applied in such a way as to form part of a coherent private law as a whole. These predatory
practices are most effective with low-income consumers who may be experiencing financial
difficulties and who live in remote areas that make it difficult to shop for alternative goods or seek
financial and legal advice. Its thesis is that the principle of coherence requires us to take much more
seriously than we have done to date the interplay between statute and common law as part of our
everyday mode of legal reasoning when addressing private law disputes. They are marketed by
consumer lease providers as a cheap way to purchase important household items. However, recent
studies illustrate that the price ultimately paid to hire goods under a consumer lease contract will
generally exceed the retail value of the goods hired and that it is the most expensive form of finance
available. Bringing together students, stakeholders and staff, to reimagine the Sydney Law School
experience has renewed our focus and reset our priorities. Attention to legal puzzles is combined
with discussion of underlying policy problems, and you would be expected to contribute to debate.
Citizenship is a legal status bound up with belonging. This program is designed to open up your
pathways, providing you with global opportunities while also gaining a life-changing experience.
This method of collection has advantages because it covers a range of workplaces and types of
businesses, including where the workers are outside of the conventional notion of employment.
Upload Read for free FAQ and support Language (EN) Sign in Skip carousel Carousel Previous
Carousel Next What is Scribd. Civilians spontaneously resisting an invading state (a. Particularly
relevant to terrorism are the IHL rules on the classification of violence as armed conflict, the
categorisation of persons during conflict, direct participation in hostilities by members of armed
groups or civilians, detention, criminal liabilit y, and fair trial. Combatants (in IACs), and civilians
currently taking a direct part in hostilities (in IACs and NIACs), can be militarily targeted (see
chapter 7). We address complex problems and deliver research of the highest quality and create
impact across a wide range of traditional, established and emerging areas of global significance. The
cases therefore pose the question of how these values are accommodated within the Australian
system of representative and responsible government. Belinda Fehlberg, Lisa Sarmas and Jenny
Morgan The Perils and Pitfalls of Formal Equality in Australian Family Law Reform ( 801 ) In this
paper, we identify the influence of formal equality—and more specifically, formal gender equality
(that is, treating men and women the same)—in central areas of major Australian family law reform
over the past 20 years. Consumers struggling to pay utility bills may also be eligible for additional
assistance through a company “hardship program”. Given the influence of formal equality and our
concerns regarding this trend, we consider whether equality-based arguments should be abandoned
entirely, at least in the family law context, and explore alternative approaches that could reframe the
debate. The study builds upon empirical research on the causes and impacts of financial hardship in
the United Kingdom and the United States, and examines the coping strategies that debtors employ
to deal with their predicament. Provide a rigorous, academic, contemporary and adaptive legal
education. Depending on the norm and context, CTL can apply, not apply, or partially apply in
armed conflict, and there is no general international rule determining whether CTL or IHL is the
more special law (. The project will contribute to legal history more generally, analysing the
relationship between legal and broader institutional and social developments. As a highly-qualified
and intellectually-outstanding student, this one-year coursework offers you the opportunity to pursue
your legal studies at an advanced level in a challenging and supportive environment. Further, CTL
often does not directly conflict with IHL. Today, the Law School is a globally leading institution,
consistently ranking in the top 15 law schools worldwide (QS World University Rankings by
Subject). However, despite this, unpaid superannuation guarantee obligations remain a significant
concern for government, superannuation funds, trade unions and workers themselves. Claims to
belong have shaped and changed both the law and the ways in which citizenship and the relevant
constitutional membership concepts are understood. Protocol II 1977 may additionally apply if a
non-state armed group controls territory. Drawing lessons from our long history of achievement, and
wealth of talent across our engaged community of students, alumni and staff, the Law School forges
a path of innovation in education, research and community engagement, while remaining true to our
foundational mission of inspiring legal minds.
The project will contribute to legal history more generally, analysing the relationship between legal
and broader institutional and social developments. This historically informed study will explain the
background to current developments, including the 2020 case of Love and Thoms which concerned
the legal status of Indigenous Australians, and is but one of the latest instances in Australian history
in which tensions have arisen between formal legal status and belonging. It will go behind the
decisions and reasoning of the courts, by looking at the court files, other archival records, and
records of the contemporary public, parliamentary and governmental reception of the cases. This is
not to deny instrumental or pragmatic considerations on the part of governments and individuals, but
to treat citizenship policy and law as overdetermined, with a strong existential aspect. He was
awarded First Class Honours, graduating third overall in his cohort. In doing so, it will analyse the
interaction between legal doctrine on the one hand, and wider institutional and social attitudes on the
other. Bringing together students, stakeholders and staff, to reimagine the Sydney Law School
experience has renewed our focus and reset our priorities. Indeed, it arguably requires that statutes
and general law must, so far as is possible, be interpreted and applied in such a way as to form part
of a coherent private law as a whole. Combatants (in IACs), and civilians currently taking a direct
part in hostilities (in IACs and NIACs), can be militarily targeted (see chapter 7). The war crimes
jurisprudence has been developed by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
(ICTY) and the Special Court for Sierra Leone, and has implications for criminal jurisdiction under
customary IHL and before the International Criminal Court. These predatory practices are most
effective with low-income consumers who may be experiencing financial difficulties and who live in
remote areas that make it difficult to shop for alternative goods or seek financial and legal advice.
Civilians spontaneously resisting an invading state (a. As a highly-qualified and intellectually-
outstanding student, this one-year coursework offers you the opportunity to pursue your legal studies
at an advanced level in a challenging and supportive environment. Armed groups may qualify as
irregular forces belonging to a s tate if t hey meet the pre-conditi o ns of combatancy. Attention to
legal puzzles is combined with discussion of underlying policy problems, and you would be expected
to contribute to debate. The event will bring together staff, students, alumni, special guests and
members of the community to celebrate the theme of ' building on the past, inspiring the future'.
Belinda Fehlberg, Lisa Sarmas and Jenny Morgan The Perils and Pitfalls of Formal Equality in
Australian Family Law Reform ( 801 ) In this paper, we identify the influence of formal
equality—and more specifically, formal gender equality (that is, treating men and women the
same)—in central areas of major Australian family law reform over the past 20 years. The process
included analysing more than 113 million citations, and verifying the provision of more than 15,530
programs. Consumers struggling to pay utility bills may also be eligible for additional assistance
through a company “hardship program”. These protections aim to enable debtors to avoid
enforcement action, energy disconnection, and in the most serious cases, bankruptcy. The study
builds upon empirical research on the causes and impacts of financial hardship in the United
Kingdom and the United States, and examines the coping strategies that debtors employ to deal with
their predicament. Further, CTL often does not directly conflict with IHL. The prestigious rankings
are regarded as the most comprehensive global comparison of universities at individual subject level.
While a further referral of powers from the states to the federal government would be required — or
perhaps a constitutional amendment — the article argues that reincarnating the superannuation
guarantee in this way could significantly improve recovery for the benefit of workers. Depending on
the norm and context, CTL can apply, not apply, or partially apply in armed conflict, and there is no
general international rule determining whether CTL or IHL is the more special law (. Decisions will
be placed historically within associated ideas of each of the case’s eras about Australian society,
nationality and nationhood. Today, the Law School is a globally leading institution, consistently
ranking in the top 15 law schools worldwide (QS World University Rankings by Subject).
Citizenship is a legal status bound up with belonging. A NIAC involving a terrorist group can have a
tra n snational aspect where hostilities against one state take place in the territory of a second state.
Claims to belong have shaped and changed both the law and the ways in which citizenship and the
relevant constitutional membership concepts are understood. Its thesis is that the principle of
coherence requires us to take much more seriously than we have done to date the interplay between
statute and common law as part of our everyday mode of legal reasoning when addressing private
law disputes. This method of collection has advantages because it covers a range of workplaces and
types of businesses, including where the workers are outside of the conventional notion of
employment. Indeed, it arguably requires that statutes and general law must, so far as is possible, be
interpreted and applied in such a way as to form part of a coherent private law as a whole. The study
builds upon empirical research on the causes and impacts of financial hardship in the United
Kingdom and the United States, and examines the coping strategies that debtors employ to deal with
their predicament. This is not to deny instrumental or pragmatic considerations on the part of
governments and individuals, but to treat citizenship policy and law as overdetermined, with a
strong existential aspect. Attempts to improve recovery — both legislative and procedural — have
arguably been tinkering around the edges of a fundamentally misconceptualised scheme. This article
undertakes an analysis of these findings in the context of the literature on economic insecurity,
disadvantage and the growing financialization of everyday life in Australia and overseas. This would
see superannuation recast as “deferred wages”, recoverable in the same way as other employee
entitlements. This program is designed to open up your pathways, providing you with global
opportunities while also gaining a life-changing experience. Decisions will be placed historically
within associated ideas of each of the case’s eras about Australian society, nationality and
nationhood. You will be expected to analyse complex material critically and to consider it from
different perspectives. These protections aim to enable debtors to avoid enforcement action, energy
disconnection, and in the most serious cases, bankruptcy. Those who commit war crimes (or other
international crimes), or crimes under national law in a NIAC, may be prosecuted in a fair trial
(chapters 15 and 16). Shireen Morris and Adrienne Stone Before the High Court: Abortion Protests
and the Limits of Freedom of Political Communication: Clubb v Edwards; Preston v Avery ( 804 )
Two cases currently before the High Court of Australia — Clubb v Edwards and Preston v Avery —
raise the validity of state laws that seek to prohibit certain communication and protest outside
abortion clinics. It will go behind the decisions and reasoning of the courts, by looking at the court
files, other archival records, and records of the contemporary public, parliamentary and
governmental reception of the cases. The changing nature of the legal system’s response to this
tension reflects changing notions of Australian nationhood and throws light on what it means to be
an Australian today. Evgenia Bourova, Ian Ramsay and Paul Ali The Experience of Financial
Hardship in Australia: Causes, Impacts and Coping Strategies ( 805 ) This article outlines the
findings of Australia’s first large-scale study on the experiences of people who have recently been
unable to pay a debt when it fell due. They are marketed by consumer lease providers as a cheap
way to purchase important household items. However, recent studies illustrate that the price
ultimately paid to hire goods under a consumer lease contract will generally exceed the retail value of
the goods hired and that it is the most expensive form of finance available. He was awarded First
Class Honours, graduating third overall in his cohort. Through our Strategy of re-imagining the
future of Sydney Law School, we build on our tradition of excellence, celebrating and harnessing
our foundational DNA to transform the legal landscape and society more broadly. The cases
therefore pose the question of how these values are accommodated within the Australian system of
representative and responsible government. Particularly relevant to terrorism are the IHL rules on the
classification of violence as armed conflict, the categorisation of persons during conflict, direct
participation in hostilities by members of armed groups or civilians, detention, criminal liabilit y, and
fair trial. Civilians spontaneously resisting an invading state (a. Bringing together students,
stakeholders and staff, to reimagine the Sydney Law School experience has renewed our focus and
reset our priorities. The MCL, the first entirely new degree in Law to be established by Cambridge
University since the nineteenth century, has been designed to combine practical insights with
academic and theoretical rigour and thus constitutes an ideal graduate program if you want to
strengthen your credentials as a business lawyer and if you have an academic career in mind. Today,
the Law School is a globally leading institution, consistently ranking in the top 15 law schools
worldwide (QS World University Rankings by Subject). The event will bring together staff, students,
alumni, special guests and members of the community to celebrate the theme of ' building on the
past, inspiring the future'. IHL was preci sely developed as a kind of exceptional or emergency law
comprehensively addressing all forms of violence in armed conflict; international law on terrorism
has meanwhile remained somewhat ill- defined and diffuse, rendering its relation to armed conflict
often unclear.
Provide a rigorous, academic, contemporary and adaptive legal education. This issue includes the
following articles: Helen Anderson and Tess Hardy Superannuation Guarantee Contributors as a Tax:
The Case for Reincarnation over Reform ( 800 ) The superannuation guarantee charge, which aims to
ensure that employers pay compulsory superannuation for their employees, is collected as a tax. In
turn, the categorisation of individuals determines their legal treatment and rights during conflict. The
cases therefore pose the question of how these values are accommodated within the Australian
system of representative and responsible government. Citizenship is a legal status bound up with
belonging. Shireen Morris and Adrienne Stone Before the High Court: Abortion Protests and the
Limits of Freedom of Political Communication: Clubb v Edwards; Preston v Avery ( 804 ) Two cases
currently before the High Court of Australia — Clubb v Edwards and Preston v Avery — raise the
validity of state laws that seek to prohibit certain communication and protest outside abortion
clinics. Particularly relevant to terrorism are the IHL rules on the classification of violence as armed
conflict, the categorisation of persons during conflict, direct participation in hostilities by members
of armed groups or civilians, detention, criminal liabilit y, and fair trial. Drawing lessons from our
long history of achievement, and wealth of talent across our engaged community of students, alumni
and staff, the Law School forges a path of innovation in education, research and community
engagement, while remaining true to our foundational mission of inspiring legal minds. Instead, it
focuses on three key legal issues of particular relevance and specificity to terrorism in armed conflict.
This program is designed to open up your pathways, providing you with global opportunities while
also gaining a life-changing experience. Belinda Fehlberg, Lisa Sarmas and Jenny Morgan The Perils
and Pitfalls of Formal Equality in Australian Family Law Reform ( 801 ) In this paper, we identify
the influence of formal equality—and more specifically, formal gender equality (that is, treating men
and women the same)—in central areas of major Australian family law reform over the past 20 years.
Paul Ali, Steve Kourabas, Cosima McRae and Ian Ramsay Consumer Leases and Indigenous
Consumers ( 803 ) Consumer leases offer low-income consumers the option to hire household items
that they do not have the money to purchase upfront. They are marketed by consumer lease
providers as a cheap way to purchase important household items. However, recent studies illustrate
that the price ultimately paid to hire goods under a consumer lease contract will generally exceed the
retail value of the goods hired and that it is the most expensive form of finance available. IHL was
preci sely developed as a kind of exceptional or emergency law comprehensively addressing all
forms of violence in armed conflict; international law on terrorism has meanwhile remained
somewhat ill- defined and diffuse, rendering its relation to armed conflict often unclear. He was
awarded First Class Honours, graduating third overall in his cohort. A NIAC involving a terrorist
group can have a tra n snational aspect where hostilities against one state take place in the territory
of a second state. We address complex problems and deliver research of the highest quality and
create impact across a wide range of traditional, established and emerging areas of global
significance. Claims to belong have shaped and changed both the law and the ways in which
citizenship and the relevant constitutional membership concepts are understood. However, only a
minority of debtors surveyed are actually using these protections. The study builds upon empirical
research on the causes and impacts of financial hardship in the United Kingdom and the United
States, and examines the coping strategies that debtors employ to deal with their predicament.
Rather, the general norms of IHL, discussed in previous chapters, apply to terrorists according to
their conduct. Decisions will be placed historically within associated ideas of each of the case’s eras
about Australian society, nationality and nationhood. Armed groups may qualify as irregular forces
belonging to a s tate if t hey meet the pre-conditi o ns of combatancy. This historically informed
study will explain the background to current developments, including the 2020 case of Love and
Thoms which concerned the legal status of Indigenous Australians, and is but one of the latest
instances in Australian history in which tensions have arisen between formal legal status and
belonging. Civilians spontaneously resisting an invading state (a. Given the influence of formal
equality and our concerns regarding this trend, we consider whether equality-based arguments should
be abandoned entirely, at least in the family law context, and explore alternative approaches that
could reframe the debate. While a further referral of powers from the states to the federal
government would be required — or perhaps a constitutional amendment — the article argues that
reincarnating the superannuation guarantee in this way could significantly improve recovery for the
benefit of workers. Its thesis is that the principle of coherence requires us to take much more
seriously than we have done to date the interplay between statute and common law as part of our
everyday mode of legal reasoning when addressing private law disputes. Those who commit war
crimes (or other international crimes), or crimes under national law in a NIAC, may be prosecuted in
a fair trial (chapters 15 and 16).
Consumer protections have been enacted to allow Australians in financial hardship to negotiate
payment plans and other arrangements (sometimes known as “hardship variations”) with creditors
including banks, utility and telecommunications companies. This is not to deny instrumental or
pragmatic considerations on the part of governments and individuals, but to treat citizenship policy
and law as overdetermined, with a strong existential aspect. Consumers struggling to pay utility bills
may also be eligible for additional assistance through a company “hardship program”. This would see
superannuation recast as “deferred wages”, recoverable in the same way as other employee
entitlements. This article undertakes an analysis of these findings in the context of the literature on
economic insecurity, disadvantage and the growing financialization of everyday life in Australia and
overseas. In turn, the categorisation of individuals determines their legal treatment and rights during
conflict. A NIAC involving a terrorist group can have a tra n snational aspect where hostilities
against one state take place in the territory of a second state. Depending on the norm and context,
CTL can apply, not apply, or partially apply in armed conflict, and there is no general international
rule determining whether CTL or IHL is the more special law (. This program is designed to open up
your pathways, providing you with global opportunities while also gaining a life-changing
experience. The prestigious rankings are regarded as the most comprehensive global comparison of
universities at individual subject level. Particularly relevant to terrorism are the IHL rules on the
classification of violence as armed conflict, the categorisation of persons during conflict, direct
participation in hostilities by members of armed groups or civilians, detention, criminal liabilit y, and
fair trial. Given the influence of formal equality and our concerns regarding this trend, we consider
whether equality-based arguments should be abandoned entirely, at least in the family law context,
and explore alternative approaches that could reframe the debate. It will go behind the decisions and
reasoning of the courts, by looking at the court files, other archival records, and records of the
contemporary public, parliamentary and governmental reception of the cases. The study builds upon
empirical research on the causes and impacts of financial hardship in the United Kingdom and the
United States, and examines the coping strategies that debtors employ to deal with their
predicament. The process included analysing more than 113 million citations, and verifying the
provision of more than 15,530 programs. These protections aim to enable debtors to avoid
enforcement action, energy disconnection, and in the most serious cases, bankruptcy. Bringing
together students, stakeholders and staff, to reimagine the Sydney Law School experience has
renewed our focus and reset our priorities. While a further referral of powers from the states to the
federal government would be required — or perhaps a constitutional amendment — the article
argues that reincarnating the superannuation guarantee in this way could significantly improve
recovery for the benefit of workers. Attention to legal puzzles is combined with discussion of
underlying policy problems, and you would be expected to contribute to debate. The war crimes
jurisprudence has been developed by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
(ICTY) and the Special Court for Sierra Leone, and has implications for criminal jurisdiction under
customary IHL and before the International Criminal Court. It has never been so frequently and
fundamentally legally contested, across disparate areas such as citizens’ mobility rights under
COVID-19, the position of Indigenous Australians and the power to unilaterally deprive a person of
citizenship. In doing so, it will analyse the interaction between legal doctrine on the one hand, and
wider institutional and social attitudes on the other. As a highly-qualified and intellectually-
outstanding student, this one-year coursework offers you the opportunity to pursue your legal studies
at an advanced level in a challenging and supportive environment. We address complex problems and
deliver research of the highest quality and create impact across a wide range of traditional,
established and emerging areas of global significance. Those who commit war crimes (or other
international crimes), or crimes under national law in a NIAC, may be prosecuted in a fair trial
(chapters 15 and 16). The project will contribute to legal history more generally, analysing the
relationship between legal and broader institutional and social developments. Rather, the general
norms of IHL, discussed in previous chapters, apply to terrorists according to their conduct. This
article suggests an alternative approach which utilises the collection mechanisms of the Fair Work
Act 2009 (Cth) and the worker-focused Fair Work Ombudsman as the primary agency overseeing
superannuation collection. The changing nature of the legal system’s response to this tension reflects
changing notions of Australian nationhood and throws light on what it means to be an Australian
today.

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