FUNCTIONAL SCOPE

OF
EUROPEAN UNION

THE EUROPEAN UNION, HISTORY &

INSTITUTION

Submitted by

Khushboo Gautam

21BALLB-40
 European Union
The European Union, commonly known as the EU, is a political and economic union of 27 member states located
primarily in Europe. It is a super national organisation of which the basic purpose is to promote democratic principles
and economic growth among the member nations.
The EU was established in the aftermath of World War II, with the aim of promoting economic cooperation, political
stability, and social progress among its member states.
Over the years, the EU has grown to become a major player in global affairs and its policies and decisions have a
significant impact on the lives of millions of people across the continent.
The impact of the European Union as an international organisation is considerable. It was established by the United
States for the revitalisation of the European economy which had deteriorated due to the repercussions of the world
war. The European Union can be termed as a geo-political creature which envelops a hefty fraction of the European
continent.
The EU has formed due to the yearning to make a common European market and economy in which the member
countries can promote intensification and improvement of all Europe.
The European Union has evolved over the time and has changed from mere economic organisation to a key and vital
player in international politics.
After World war excessive sense of nationalism flourished
among the nations, subsequently the integration of various
countries is the only remedy available.

For the first time Winston Churchill at the University of

Zurich advocated for the formation of the United States of
Europe in Switzerland in 1946.
In 1947, American secretary of state Gorge Marshall
forwarded the Economic recovery program for Europe. This
plan included American assistance in recounstruction and
rehabilitation post world war.
 Evolution

The Organisation For Economic Corporation (OEC) was

established in 1948.
The Council of Europe was established in 1949.
The European Economic Community came into being by
the Treaty of Rome in 1957. The European Economic
Community commonly known as European Common
Market.

On 1 November, 1993 the 'European Economic

Community' formally took the shape of the European
Union.
 FEATURES & FUNCTIONS

EU’s law and regulation is meant to create a cohesive economic entity of its countries, so that goods can flow freely
across the borders of its member nations
The European Union was created to bind the nations of Europe closer together for the economic, social, and security
welfare of all.
Free trade among its members was one of the EU's founding principles. This is possible thanks to the single market.
The EU is committed to helping victims of man-made and natural disasters worldwide and supports over 120 million
people each year.
One of the main goals of the EU is to promote economic integration among its member states. To this end, the EU has
created a single market, which allows goods, services, capital, and people to move freely across national borders
within the EU.
 COMMON ECONOMIC FEATURES

Single Market: The member-countries eliminated all tariffs and restrictions on the free flow of goods, people,
capital and technology.
Gross Domestic Product: By virtue of free movement of goods and capital, the European Union's GDP (Gross
Domestic Product) had touched the figure of some 12,000 billion dollars early in 2005.
A Single Currency: In January 2002 the new currency Euro was introduced
Common Agricultural Policy (CAG): No country in Europe wants to be dependent on other states for foodstuffs.
 POLITICAL & DIPLOMATIC
IMPACT

It raised the issue of racial segregation (Apartheid) in South Africa.

The European Union had raised voice against the violation of the human rights of
Palestinians.

MILITARY
CAPABILITY

The EU member states possess the second largest army in the world.
Britain and France both happened to be the nuclear powers.
They had in their arsenal hundreds of nuclear warheads including both bombs and missiles.
 BREXIT

Brexit refers to Britain's exit from the European Union.

Brexit took place on Jan. 31, 2020, following the June
2016 referendum in the country
THANK YOU