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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 5
Illustrating Secants, Tangents,
Segments, and Sectors of A circle.
About the Module
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the skills in Illustrating Secants, Tangents, Segments, and Sectors of a Circle. The
scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes your diverse vocabulary level as student. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module is divided into three lessons, namely:

Lesson 1 – Illustrating Tangents and Secants of Circles
Lesson 2 – Illustrating Segments and Sectors of Circles
Lesson 3 – Solving for Arc Lengths of Circles

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify and illustrate tangents and secants of circles;
2. recognize segment of a circle and differentiate it from a sector of a circle;
3. determine the area of the shaded region of circles; and
4. solve problems involving segments, sectors, and arc lengths of circles.

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 What I Know (Pre-Test)
Instructions: Read each item carefully. Choose only the letter of the
correct answer and write it on a separate answer sheet.
1. At a given point on the circle, how many line/s can be drawn that is tangent to
the circle?
A. four B. three C. two D. one

2. It is the line coplanar with the circle and intersects it in one and only one point.
A. tangent line B. secant line C. chord D. diameter

3. It is a line that intersects the circle at two points.

A. tangent B. sector C. secant D. segment

𝐴 𝑙
4. The proportion 360 = 2𝑟
is used to determine the _________ of a circle.
A. arc length C. circumference
B. sector D. segment

5. It is a line that is tangent to two circles on the same plane.

A. Common Internal Tangent C. Common Tangent
B. Common external Tangent D. Point of Tangency

6. These are tangents that intersect the segment joining the centers of the two
circles.
A. Common Internal Tangent C. Common Tangent
B. Common external Tangent D. Point of Tangency

7. These are tangents which do not intersect the segment joining the centers of the
two circles.
A. Common Internal Tangent C. Common Tangent
B. Common external Tangent D. Point of Tangency
For numbers 8-10, use ⊙ O below.

⃡ and secant 𝐻𝑈
8. What angle is being formed in the intersection of tangent 𝑉𝐻 ⃡
A. OHV B. VHS C. 𝐶𝑈𝐻 D. CUS

⃡ ?
9. What do you call point H on 𝑉𝐻
A. vertex C. point of intersection
B. center D. point of tangency

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10. Which of the following is NOT a secant line on ⊙ O?
⃡
A. 𝐶𝑅 B. ⃡𝐻𝑈 C. ⃡𝑉𝐻 ⃡
D. 𝐻𝑆

For items 11-13, refer to the figure below.

11. What do you call the shaded region in the illustration above?
A. minor arc C. segment of a circle
B. arc length D. sector of a circle

̂ = 60 and ̅̅̅̅̅

12. What is the length of the arc RT if 𝑅𝑇 𝑀𝑅 = 6 cm?
A.  B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

̂ = 60 and ̅̅̅̅̅

13. What is the area of the shaded region if 𝑅𝑇 𝑀𝑅 = 6 cm?
A. 6 B. 8 C. 10 D. 12
For items 14-15, refer to the figure below.

14. The shaded part of the circle is called __________of a circle.

A. sector B. secant C. segment D. section

15. What is the area of the segment if the given arc is 90 and the length of the
radius is 8 cm?
A. 18.27 𝑐𝑚2 B. 16 𝑐𝑚2 C. 4 𝑐𝑚2 D. 9.31𝑐𝑚2

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Lesson Illustrating Tangents and
1
Monday Secants of Circles
What I Need to Know
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
• identify and illustrate tangents and secants of circles.

What’s In
Previously, you were able to determine the relationships involving angles
formed by lines and intercepted arcs. Now, you are going to learn to illustrate
and identify tangents and secants.

What’s New
Tangent Line

A tangent to a circle is a line coplanar with the circle and intersect it in one
and only one point. The point of intersection of the line and the circle is called
the point of tangency.

Secant Line

A secant is a line that intersects a circle at exactly two points. A secant

contains a chord of a circle.

What Is It
Tangent Line
Illustration: In the figure on the
⃡ intersects ⊙C
right. 𝑃𝑄
⃡ is a tangent line
at A. 𝑃𝑄
and A is the point of
tangency.

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Secant Line
⃡
Illustration : In circle A. 𝑀𝑁 is a
secant line.

Postulate on Tangent Line

At a given point on a circle, one and only line can be drawn that is tangent to
the circle.

To illustrate, consider ⊙V on
the right. If U
is a point on the circle, then
one and only one line can be
drawn through U that is
tangent to the circle.

Theorems on Tangent Line

1. If a line is tangent to a circle,

then it is perpendicular to the
radius drawn to the point of
tangency.
If ⃡𝐴𝐵 is tangent to ⊙Q at R, then
it is perpendicular to the radius QR.

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2. If a line is perpendicular to a radius of a circle at its endpoint that is on the circle, then the
line is tangent to the circle.
⃡ is perpendicular to the radius ̅𝑇𝐿
If 𝐶𝑆 ̅̅̅ at
L, then it is tangent to ⊙ T

3. If two segments from the same

exterior point are tangent to a circle, then the two segments are congruent.

𝐷𝑊 and ̅̅̅̅̅
If segment ̅̅̅̅̅ 𝐺𝑊 are
̅̅̅̅̅ 
tangent to ⊙ E, then 𝐷𝑊
̅̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝑊.

Common Tangent
A common tangent is a line that is tangent to two circles in the same plane.

Common internal tangents Common external tangents do

intersect the segment joining not intersect the segment joining
the centers of two circles. the centers of the two circles.

The lines are called common Lines s and t are common external
internal tangents. tangents.

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Tangent and Secant

Segments and rays that are

contained in the tangent or
intersect the circle in one and
only one point are also said to
be tangent to the circle.

In the figure on the right, ̅̅̅̅̅

𝑀𝑁
and 𝑄𝑅 are tangent to ⊙ S.

What’s More
Activity 1. Tangents or secants?
A. Draw and label the circle.
1. A circle X with two secant lines intersecting at an external point Y.
2. A circle with a secant line BC and a tangent line DE intersecting at an
external point F.

⃡ ,𝐾𝑁
B. Instructions: In the figure below, 𝐾𝐿 ⃡ ,𝑀𝑃
⃡ , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝐿
̅̅̅̅ intersect ⊙ Q at
some points. Use the figure to answer the following questions.
1. Which lines are tangent to the
circles? Why?
2. Which lines are secants? Why?
3. At what points does each
secant intersect the circle?
How about the tangents?
4. Which angles are formed by
two secant lines? two
tangents? a tangent and a
secant?

What I Need to Remember

Write in 3-5 sentences some valuable lesson/s learned from this topic.

_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________

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Lesson Illustrating Segments and
2
Tuesday Sectors of Circles
What I Need to Know
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

• illustrate segments and sectors of circles;

• learn the different parts of a segment and a sector of a circle;
• find the areas of segment and sector of a circle.

What’s In
Activity 2 : Travel safely!

Use the questions below to answer the questions that follow.

John is designing a mag wheel like the one shown below. He decided to put 6
spokes which divide the rim into 6 equal parts.

Questions:

1. What is the degree measure of

each arc along the rim?
How about each angle formed by
the spokes at the hub?
2. If you were to design a wheel, how
many spokes will you use to divide
The rim? Why?

https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/

What’s New
Activity No. 2 is an example of a real life applications of arcs and angles. It
is presented to help you understand the relationships of the parts of the
circles. In this activity, the degree measure of each arc along the rim is 60.
One complete revolution is equivalent to 360. The 6 spokes divide the circle
into 6 equal parts. Hence, each angle formed by the spokes at the hub is also
60.

Mastery of arcs and central angles is a plus for our next topic. Please read
and understand some important notes on segments and sectors of a circle.
Have a good grasp at the examples given.

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 What Is It
Sector and Segment of A Circle

A sector of a circle is the region bounded by an

arc of the circle and two radii to the endpoints of
the arc. To find the area of a sector of a circle, get
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐
the product of the ratio 360
and the area
of the circle. The shaded area is the sector of the
circle.

A segment of a circle is the region bounded by an

arc and the segment joining its endpoints. The
shaded area is the segment of the circle.

Example : Sector of a circle

̂ = 60, what is the area of sector ACB.
1. The radius of ⊙ C is 10 cm. If m𝐴𝐵

Solution: To find the area of sector ACB:

measure of the arc

a. Determine first the ratio .
360

𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐 60

=
360 360
1
=
6
b. Find the area (A) of the circle using the equation 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 , where r is
the length of the radius.
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
= (10𝑐𝑚)2
= 100𝑐𝑚2
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐
c. Get the product of the ratio 360
and the area of the
circle.
1
Area of sector ACB = (6)(100 𝑐𝑚2 )
50
= 3
𝑐𝑚2
50
The area of sector ACB is 𝑐𝑚2 .
3

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2. The radius of a sector is 15 cm. What is the area of a sector having an
arc measure of 56.
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐 56
a. =
360 360
b. Area of the circle = 𝑟 2
= (15𝑐𝑚)2
= 225 𝑐𝑚2
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐
c. Get the product of the ratio 360
and the area of the circle.
56
Area of the sector = (225 𝑐𝑚2)
360
= 35 𝑐𝑚2

Example : Segment of a circle

The shaded region in the figure below is a segment of ⊙T. It is the region
̂ and 𝑃𝑄
bounded by 𝑃𝑄 ̅̅̅̅ .

To find the area of the shaded segment in the figure, subtract the area of
triangle PTQ from the area of sector PTQ.

̂ = 90 and the radius of the circle is 5

1. If m𝑃𝑄
cm, then the area of sector PTQ is one-fourth
of the area of the whole circle. That is,
1
Area of sector PTQ = (4)(5 𝑐𝑚)2 
1
= ( )(25𝑐𝑚2 )
4
25
=  𝑐𝑚2
4
1 25
In the same figure, the area of PTQ = (5cm)(5 cm) or PTQ = 𝑐𝑚2.
2 2

25 25
The area of the shaded segment, then is equal to 4
 - 2
𝑐𝑚2 which is
approximately 7.135𝑐𝑚2

2. Solve for the area of the shaded region in the figure below.

To find the area of the shaded segment in the figure, subtract the area of
triangle from the area of the sector

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 Formula :
area of the sector – area of triangle

𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐 1

(𝑟 2 ) - (base)(height)
360 2

90 1
(12𝑐𝑚)2  - 12cm12cm
360 2
1 1
(144𝑐𝑚 ) - 144𝑐𝑚2
2
4 2
36𝑐𝑚2 - 72𝑐𝑚2

The area of the shaded segment is approximately 41.10 𝑐𝑚2 .

What’s More
Activity No. 3 . Try This!

A. Illustrate and label the circle with its corresponding measurements.

1. A sector of a circle with a 45 arc and a radius of 10 cm.
2. A segment of a circle with radius 12 cm and an arc measure of 100.

B. Find the area of the shaded region of each circle.

1. 2.

What I Need to Remember

Write in 3-5 sentences some valuable lesson/s learned from this topic.

_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

12
 Lesson Solving for Arc Lengths of
3
Wednesday Circles

What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
• Solve for arc lengths of the circle.

What’s In
Arc – is a part of a circle.
In the given illustration at
the right, arc DB is an
arc.

Arc Length – is the length of an arc.

The length from point D to
point B along the arc is
called the arc length and is
measured in radians or in
degrees.

What’s New
Arc Length

𝐴 𝑙
The length of an arc can be determined by using the proportion 360 = 2𝑟, where
A is the degree measure of the arc, r is the radius of the circle, and l is the arc length.
In the given proportion, 360 is the degree measure of the whole circle, while 2r is
the circumference.

What Is It
Consider the problem below.

An arc of a circle measures 45. If the radius of the circle is 6 cm, what is the length
of the arc?

𝐴 𝑙
To solve this problem, we need to use the proportion 360
= 2𝑟
Where A = degree measure of the arc
l is the arc length
r is the radius of the circle.

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 𝐴 𝑙
Solution: In the given problem, A = 45 and r = 6 cm. To find l, the equation 360
= 2𝑟
can be used. Substitute the given values in the equation.
𝐴 𝑙
360
= 2𝑟
45 𝑙
=
36 2(6)
1 𝑙
8
= 12
12
8
=l
3
l =  or l  4.71
2
The length of the arc is approximately 4.71cm.

What’s More
Activity No. 4. Find Me!

Use the figure below to answer the questions that follow:

__________ ̂?
1. What is the length of 𝐵𝑁
__________ 2. What is the area of BEN?
__________ 3. What is the area of sector BEN?
__________ ̂?
4. What fraction of the circumference of the circle is 𝐵𝑁
__________ 5. What is the area of the segment(the shaded region)?

What I Need to Remember

Write in 3-5 sentences some valuable lesson/s learned from this topic.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

14
 Thursday Performance Task

What I can do
Activity No. 5
Demonstrate your learning by formulating your own real-life problem and its
corresponding solution. Focus your problem on the topics you have learned from
module 5. Create only one problem. Use the rubric below to rate your work.

Rubric on Problems Formulated and Solved

Score Descriptors
5 Poses a more complex problem with correct solutions and
communicates ideas unmistakably, shows in-depth comprehension of
the pertinent concepts and/or processes, and provides explanations
wherever appropriate.
4 Poses a more complex problem and finishes all significant parts of the
solution and communicates ideas unmistakably, shows in-depth
comprehension of the pertinent concepts and/or processes.
3 Poses a more complex problem and finishes most significant parts of
the solution and communicates ideas unmistakably, shows
comprehension of major concepts although neglectsor misinterprets
less significant ideas or details.
2 Poses a problem and finishes some significant parts of the solution and
communicates ideas unmistakably but shows gaps on theoretical
comprehension.
1 Poses a problem but demonstrate minor comprehension, not being able
to develop an approach.

Use short bondpaper or one whole intermediate pad for this Performance Task.

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 Friday Assessment

Assessment (Post Test)

Instructions: Read each item carefully. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. In the figure below, the segment joining the centers of the two circles is _____.

A. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 B. ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐹 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐻 ̅
D. 𝐼𝐽
̅̅̅̅ in the given figure below is called _______________ .
2. 𝐸𝐹

A. tangent C. common external tangent

B. secant D. common internal tangent

For numbers 3-4, refer the figure below.

3. A line or segment that is secant to the circle.

A. ⃡𝐶𝐷 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐴
⃡
B. 𝐸𝐹 D. ̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐻

4. A line or segment tangent to the circle.

A. ⃡𝐶𝐷 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐴
⃡
B. 𝐸𝐹 D. ̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐻

For numbers 5-7, refer to the figure below.

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5. What is the area of the shaded region?
A. 54 𝑐𝑚2 C. 18 𝑐𝑚2
B. 36 𝑐𝑚2 D. 9 𝑐𝑚2
̂?
6. What is the length of 𝐽𝑁
A. 3 cm C. 5 cm
B. 4 cm D. 6 cm

7. The shaded region in the figure at the right is

a/an ________.
A. segment of a circle C. sector of a circle
B. arc length of a sector D. radius of a circle

For numbers 8-12, refer to the figure below.

8. The shaded part is called ________.

A. segment of a circle C. sector of a circle
B. arc length of a sector D. radius of a circle
9. What is the area of CAB?
A. 625 𝑐𝑚2 C. 225 𝑐𝑚2
B. 325 𝑐𝑚2 D. 112.5 𝑐𝑚2

̂?
10. What is the length of 𝐵𝐶
15 15
A. 2  cm C. 4  cm
B. 15 cm D. 5 cm

11. What is the area of the segment?

A. 176.71𝑐𝑚2 B. 112.5 𝑐𝑚2 C. 64.21 𝑐𝑚2 D. 56.25 𝑐𝑚2

12. What is the area of the sector?

A. 56.25 𝑐𝑚2 B. 112.5 𝑐𝑚2 C. 125 𝑐𝑚2 D. 225 𝑐𝑚2
13. An arc of the circle measures 30. If the radius of the circle is 5 cm, what is
the length of the arc?
A. 2.62 cm B. 2.3 cm C. 1.86 cm D. 1.5 cm

14. A dart board has a diameter of 40 cm and is divided into 20 congruent

sectors. What is the area of one of the sectors?
A.10 𝑐𝑚2 B. 20 𝑐𝑚2 C. 30 𝑐𝑚2 D. 40 𝑐𝑚2

̂ = 60 and its radius is 6 cm. What is the area of the

15. In circle C below, m𝐴𝐵
shaded region?

A. 2 𝑐𝑚2
B. 4 𝑐𝑚2
C. 6 𝑐𝑚2
D. 8 𝑐𝑚2

17
 18
Activity No. 1
A. 1. 2.
B.
1. 𝐾𝐿
⃡ and 𝐿𝑀⃡ . Each line intersects the circle at exactly one point.
2. 𝐾𝑁
⃡ and 𝑀𝑃 ⃡ . Each line intersects the circle at two points.
3. 𝐾𝑁
⃡ → K and N ; 𝑀𝑃⃡ → M and P ; 𝐾𝐿 ⃡ → K ; 𝐿𝑀⃡ →M
4. There are other angles formed but only these are considered.
KOM is formed by two secant lines.
KLM is formed by two tangent lines.
LMP, LKN, PMR, and NKS. Each is formed by a secant
and a tangent.
Activity No. 2 : Refer to page 15 of the module
Activity No. 3
A. 1. 2.
B. 1. 9 𝑐𝑚2
2.10.27 𝑐𝑚2
Activity No. 4 Activity No. 5
1. 5 cm
2. 50 𝑐𝑚2 Performance Task
3. 25 𝑐𝑚2
1
4. Answer may vary
4
5. 28.54 𝑐𝑚2
required.
Remember: This portion of the module contains all the answers. Your HONESTY is
Answer Key
References
Books
Melvin M. Callanta et.al., Mathematics Learner’s Module (Philippines : Pasig
City, 2015).
Hazel L. Arong, Workbook in Mathematics 10 (Philippines: Danao City, 2019).
Tom N. Chu, Mathematics for the 21st Century Learner 10 (Philippines:
Makati City,2015).
Website

https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/

App

Geogebra Classic

Congratulations!
You are now ready for the next module. Always remember the following:

1. Make sure every answer sheet has your

▪ Name
▪ Grade and Section
▪ Title of the Activity or Activity No.
2. Follow the date of submission of answer sheets as agreed with your
teacher.
3. Keep the modules with you and return them at the end of the school year
or whenever face-to-face interaction is permitted.

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Division of Cebu City

Office Address: New Imus Avenue, Barangay Day-as, Cebu City

Telephone Nos: (032) 255-1516/ (032) 328-8899

Email Address: cebu.city@deped.gov.ph

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