BN 1 Bqu 24

êvWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cò I Dîi 1
gƒj eBGqi AwZwiÚ Ask
‰BP‰mwm
evsjv
cÉ^g cò
cvUÆ ‰  cvUÆ we
cvUÆ ‰: AaÅvqwfwîK cixÞv cÉÕ§wZ

cvUÆ we: êvWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cò I Dîi
2019-2016
PC-58/D:\Data 2024\HSC Special Supplement 2024\Internet Link 2024\bn1bqu24.doc 3rd Proof 17.06.2016
2 cvGéix ‰BP‰mwm ˆÕ·kvj mvwµÏGg´Ÿ   evsjv cÉ^g cò
1. AcwiwPZv
cÉk²  27 KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 1 N ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KjÅvYxi PwiGò D®²Z gvbweKZvi cÉwZdjb
XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi AvBb AbylGì wkÞv^Æx kÉxhyÚv| covGjLv ˆkl iGqGQ hv DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚvi ewjÓ¤ eÅwÚGZ½i gvGSI wbwnZ| B
KiGZB 27 eQi ˆcwiGq ˆMj| weGqi eÅvcvGi KGqKevi mÁ¼®¬ Avmv ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Kvwnwb `†pGPZv gGbvfvevc®² I eÅwÚZ½mÁ·®²
‰es ˆ`LvGkvbv nGjI ˆkl chÆ¯¦ weGq nqwb| kÉxhyÚv AvBb I mvwjk KjÅvYx bvgK ‰K bvixGK AvkÉq KGi MGo DGVGQ| mKj AvGqvRb
ˆKG±`Ê mgvGRi AwaKviewçZ bvixGì AvBwb mnvqZv w`GœQb| nVvr mÁ·®² nGjI weGqi AvmGi weGq ˆfGO hvq Zvi| ‰GZ ˆm ˆfGO bv
‰Kw`b kÉxhyÚvi KvKv weGqi mÁ¼G®¬i K^v ejGjb| wZwb webGqi cGo wbGRGK ˆ`k I bvixGì D®²qGb wbGqvwRZ KGi| KjÅvYxi ‰
mvG^ KvKvGK ejGjb, “bvixi KjÅvGY Avwg cÉwZæve«¬|” A c`GÞcGK Zvi ÷wP÷ö AvñcÉKvk ejv hvq|
K. AbycgGK ‘gvKvj dj’-‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi we`Ëyc DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚv XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi AvBb Abyl` ˆ^GK mGeÆvœP wWwMÉ
KGiwQGjb ˆK? A 1 ARÆb KGib| 27 eQi eqm nGjI bvbv KviGY Zuvi weGqi mÁ¼®¬ ˆfGO
L. ewjGjb, “ˆm Kx K^v| j™²”@ ˆK, ˆKb eGjwQj? cÉmã hvq| cieZÆxKvGj wZwb weGqi wP¯¦v ev` w`Gq ˆ`k I mgvGRi ˆmevq
DGÍÏL KGi eywSGq `vI| A 2 wbGRGK wbGqvwRZ KGib| AwaKviewçZ bvixGì wbGq KvR KGib
M. DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚvi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi mv`†kÅ wZwb| MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi gvGS ˆh `†pGPZv I ewjÓ¤ gGbvfvGei cwiPq
AvGjvPbv KGiv| A 3 cvIqv hvq Zv DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚvi gvGSI we`Ågvb|
N. “DóxcGK kÉxhyÚvi ewjÓ¤ eÅwÚGZ½i RvMiY ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYx I DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚv DfGqi gvGSB Avgiv
KjÅvYxi ÷wP÷ö AvñcÉKvk|”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv|A 4 AvñcÉZÅqx bvix PwiGòi ˆ`Lv cvB| MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi eqm Kg nGjI
27 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi weGq fvOvi KviGY ˆfGO bv cGo ˆ`Gki ˆmevq AvñwbGqvM KGiGQ|
K AbycgGK ‘gvKvj dj’-‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi we`Ë‚c KGiwQGjb
 MGÍ¸ ZvGK Avgiv cÉwZev`x, AvñghÆv`vmÁ·®² I `†pGPZv bvixi cÉZxGK
cwíZgkvB| A DcÕ©vwcZ nGZ ˆ`wL| DóxcGKi bvix PwiòwUI Avñwek¼vm I cÉZÅGq
ficyi| AwaKviewçZ bvixGì AvBwb mnvqZv ˆ`b kÉxhyÚv| PvwiwòK
L KjÅvYxi weGqi Mnbv cixÞv KivGbvi ci kÁ¿zbv^ eicÞGK `†pZvi KviGYB KvKvGK webGqi mvG^ weGqi mÁ¼®¬ AvbGZ eviY
Lvevi K^v ejGj AbycGgi gvgv AevK nGq jG™²i K^v DGÍÏL KGi| KGib wZwb| mgvGRi cÉwZ `vwqZ½GevGa RvMÉZ ‰gb gvbwmKZvi
AbycGgi gvgv KjÅvYxi Mqbv hvPvB KGi ˆ`LGZ PvBGj kÁ¿zbv^ cwiPq Avgiv MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi gvGSI dzGU DVGZ ˆ`wL| mvweÆK wePvGi
ˆmGbi AvñmÁÃvGb AvNvZ jvGM| Abycg ‰ eÅvcvGi bxie f„wgKv ejv hvq, AvGjvPÅ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
cvjb KiGj kÁ¿zbv^ wÕ©i KGib wZwb ‰gb ˆQGji KvGQ ˆgGq weGq
ˆ`Geb bv| ZvB wbqg bv ^vKGjI kÁ¿zbv^ eiGK weGqi cƒGeÆB cÉk²  28 PëMÉvg êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 1
LvIqvi K^v eGjb| Avi ‰GZ wewÕÃZ nGq AbycGgi gvgv kÁ¿zbv^GK Avw^ÆKfvGe mœQj cwievGii wkwÞZ ˆQGj ˆKŒwkGKi gv-evev Zvi
jG™²i K^v ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q| gZvgZ bv wbGqB myievjvi mGã weGq wVK KGi| myievjvi evevi
AGXj mÁ·`| ˆMvcGb NUGKi gaÅÕ©Zvq ‰ weGqGZ eicÞGK bM`
M eÅwÚRxebGK cÉvavbÅ ˆÌqvi cwieGZÆ AGbÅi Rxeb AvGjvwKZ
UvKv, Mvwo ‰es XvKvi AwfRvZ ‰jvKvq ‰KwU dÑÅvU ˆÌqvi wm«¬v¯¦
Kivi ˆPZbvi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚvi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i
M†nxZ nq| ˆhŒZzGKi welqwU RvbGZ ˆcGi ˆKŒwkK I myievjv êuGK
KjÅvYxi mv`†kÅ ˆ`LGZ cvIqv hvq| B
eGm ‰es mÁ·ƒYÆ ˆhŒZzKwenxbfvGe ciÕ·i weGq Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq|
MGÍ¸ KjÅvYxi mvG^ AbycGgi weGqi mKj eG±`veÕ¦ I AvGqvRb
K. AbycGgi evevi ˆckv Kx wQj? A 1
mgvµ¦ nIqvi ciI AbycGgi gvgvi nxbÁÃbÅZv I KjÅvYxi evevi
L. “‰B ˆZv Avwg RvqMv cvBqvwQ|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2
eÅwÚZ½GevGai KviGY Zv AmÁ·®²B ˆ^GK hvq| KjÅvYx ‰ NUbvi ci
M. DóxcGKi ˆKŒwkGKi mGã ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi
mvsmvwiK RxeGbi wP¯¦v ev` w`Gq bvixGì wkÞv cÉmvGi AvñwbGqvM Zzjbv KGiv| A 3
KGi| cwiewZÆZ cwiwÕ©wZGZ AbycGgi KvQ ˆ^GK weGqi welGq N. “DóxcGK ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ mvgvwRK AmsMwZ
webxZ AbyGiva Avmvi ciI KjÅvYx Zvi jGÞÅ AwePj ^vGK| AGbKvsGkB cÉwZdwjZ|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 4
DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚv DœPwkwÞZ| KGqKevi mÁ¼®¬ ‰GjI ˆkl chÆ¯¦ weGq
28 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
nqwb| ‰ici wZwb weGq mÁ·GKÆ exZkÉ«¬ nGq AwaKviewçZ bvixGì
K AbycGgi evevi ˆckv wQj IKvjwZ| A

RbÅ KvR ÷i‚ KGib| kÉxhyÚvi KvKv ‰Kw`b cybivq mÁ¼®¬ wbGq ‰GjI
wZwb AwaKviewçZ bvixGì RbÅ KvR Kivi cÉGPÓ¡vGZB e«¬cwiKi  L cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUGZ Abycg KjÅvYxi KvQvKvwQ ^vKv ejGZ Zvi
eGj Rvbvb| DóxcGKi ‰ welGqi mGã cÉvq ‰KB mgv¯¦ivGj ‰wMGqGQ n†`Gq RvqMv cvIqvi K^v eywSGqGQ| A
‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi RxebGPZbv| A^Ævr DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚvi KvbcyGi ˆcuŒGQ KjÅvYxi cwiPq RvbGZ ˆcGi AbycGgi n†`q AveviI
gGZv KjÅvYxI msmviwP¯¦v ev` w`Gq bvixwkÞvi KvGR wbGqvwRZ ^vKvi KjÅvYxi wP¯¦vq AvœQ®² nq| ˆm KjÅvYxGK weGq KiGZ PvBGjI
RbÅ `†pcÉwZæ| ‰ w`KwUB ZvGì PwiòGK mv`†kÅcƒYÆ KGi ZzGjGQ| KjÅvYx ivwR nq bv| KjÅvYxi KvQvKvwQ ^vKvi RbÅ ˆm KvbcyGiB
emevm KiGZ ÷i‚ KGi| myGhvM ˆcGjB ˆm KjÅvYxi KvGR mvnvhÅ cÉk²  29 hGkvi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 2
KGi| KjÅvYxi AvkcvGk ^vKvi myGhvMUzKzGKB ˆm cig cvIqv gGb ˆMŒix I méq AGbK w`b aGi ‰KB AwdGm PvKwi KiGQ wK¯§ mnKgÆxiv
KGi Avi fvGe@ Rxebmãx wnGmGe cvBwb; wK¯§ KvGQ ^vKvi RvGb bv `yRbvi A¯¦Gi Mfxi ÞZ| ˆMŒixGK wbGR cQ±` KGi weGq KiGZ
myGhvMUzKzBev Kg KxGm| ˆPGqwQj méq| eQi cuvGPK AvGM ˆjvK LvIqvGbv wbGq weGq ˆfGOGQ
M ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi gvGS wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnGYi ˆÞGò ˆKvGbv ZvGì| wcZ‡nxb méq KvKvi AvkÉGq gvbyl ZvB Zvi ˆ`vl ˆRGbI
PvwiwòK `†pZvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq bv, hv DóxcGKi ˆKŒwkGKi cÉwZev` KiGZ cvGiwb| ‰Kw`b ˆMŒixi KvGQ wbGRi Amnvq AeÕ©vi
gvGS ˆ`LGZ cvIqv hvq| B K^v ZzGj aGi méq| eGj, Zvi RbÅ ˆm mviv Rxeb AGcÞv KiGe|
‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Abycg PwiòwU ˆgi‚`ínxb, eÅwÚZ½nxb hyeGKi ‰KUv `xNÆk¼vm ˆdGj ˆMŒix eGj, “Kx ìKvi, ‰B ˆZv êk AvwQ!”
cÉZxK| evev gviv hvIqvi ci gvgvB Zvi cwievGi AwffveGKi `vwqZ½ K. ˆKvb K^v ÕÃiY KGi AbycGgi gvgv I gv ‘‰KGhvGM weÕ¦i
cvjb KGib| AbycGgi weGqi AvmGi Zvi gvgv KjÅvYxi evevi ˆÌqv nvwmGjb’? A 1
Mnbv cixÞvi gvaÅGg ˆh AcgvbRbK cwiwÕ©wZi m†wÓ¡ KGib, Abycg L. “ˆgGqi ˆPGq ˆgGqi evGci LeiUvB Zuvnvi KvGQ ài‚Zi”@
Zvi ˆKvGbv cÉwZev` KGi bv| ‰gbwK kÁ¿zbv^ ˆmb weGq ˆfGO w`GjI DwÚwU eywSGq ˆjGLv| A 2
ˆm bxie ^vGK| M. DóxcGKi méq ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½
DóxcGKi ˆKŒwkK ‰es myievjvi cwievi ˆMvcGb ˆhŒZzK Av`vbcÉ`vGbi KGi? eywSGq `vI| A 3
wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY KiGjI ˆKŒwkK I myievjv ‰GZ êuGK eGm| Zviv N. ‘‰B ˆZv êk AvwQ!’ “ˆMŒixi ‰B DwÚGZ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i
‰KGò wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq ˆhŒZyKwenxb weGq Kivi| ‰B wm«¬vG¯¦i gaÅ cwiYwZ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ”@ DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| A 4
w`Gq ZvGì D®²Z I `†p gvbwmKZvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq| wK¯§ MGÍ¸ 29 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
Abycg ˆKŒwkGKi gGZv mrmvnm ˆ`LvGZ cvGiwb| PvwiwòK `†pZvi
K MvGqnjyG` KGbi evwoGZ ˆh msLÅK evnK wMGqwQj, ZvGì
‰ w`KwU ZvGì c†^K KGiGQ|
AvcÅvqGb KjÅvYxGì Kx iKg bvKvj nGZ nGe, ˆm K^v ÕÃiY KGi
N DóxcGK ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ ‰KwU mvgvwRK AmsMwZ@ AbycGgi gvgv I gv ‘‰KGhvGM weÕ¦i nvwmGjb|’A
ˆhŒZzKcÉ^vi w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ| A
L weGqGZ KjÅvYxi ˆhvMÅZvi ˆPGq Zvi wcZv kÁ¿zbv^ Kx cwigvY
‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ AbycGgi gvgvi gGaÅ ˆhŒZzKGjvfx gGbvfve jÞ
cY w`GZ mÞg AbycGgi gvgvi KvGQ ˆmwU êwk ài‚Z½cƒYÆ welq wQj| A
Kiv hvq| wZwb AbycGgi weGqGZ KjÅvYxi evevi KvGQ A^Æ I Mnbv
ˆhŒZzK wnGmGe `vwe KGib| KjÅvYxi evev AbycGgi gvgvi me K^v nwik AbycGgi gvgvi KvGQ AbycGgi RbÅ cvòxi m®¬vb ˆ`q| cvòxi
ˆgGb ˆbb| weGqi w`b AbycGgi gvgv ˆgGqi evev LuvwU Mnbv w`GœQb K^v Rvbvi ˆPGq gvgvi KvGQ cvòxi evevi welq-mÁ·wîi eÅvcvGi
wK bv, Zv cixÞv Kivi RbÅ ˆmKivGK mGã wbGq AvGmb| ‰GZ Rvbvi êwk AvMÉn ˆ`Lv hvq| i…c ev àY bq eis Zvi evevi Avw^ÆK
KjÅvYxi evev AcgvwbZ nb ‰es AbycGgi mvG^ KjÅvYxi weGq mÞgZvi gvb`Gí cvòxi ˆhvMÅZv hvPvB KGi AbycGgi gvgv| AvGjvPÅ
w`GZ AÕ¼xK‡wZ Rvbvb| cGi KjÅvYxI Avi weGqGZ AvMÉnx nq bv DwÚwUGZ AbycGgi gvgvi ˆhŒZzKwj¶Övi w`KwU DG¯ÃvwPZ nGqGQ|
‰es ˆgGqGì wkÞvi eËZ MÉnY KGi| M eÅwÚZ½nxbZv cÉ`kÆGbi wePvGi DóxcGKi méq ‘AcwiwPZv’
DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvq, mœQj cwievGii wkwÞZ ˆQGj ˆKŒwkGKi weGq MGÍ¸i AbycGgi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| A
wVK Kiv nq abx cwievGii ˆgGq myievjvi mGã| ˆMvcGb ˆhŒZzK ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i K^K I bvqK Abycg| evevi g†ZzÅi ci AbycGgi
ˆbIqvi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq cwievGii ˆjvGKiv| ZGe ˆKŒwkK I myievjv gvgv ZvGì cwievGii AwffveGKi `vwqZ½ cvjb KGib| weGqi
ˆhŒZzGKi K^v RvbGZ ˆcGi êuGK eGm| Zviv ciÕ·i ˆhŒZzKwenxb AvmGi KGbi Mnbv cixÞvi gvaÅGg AbycGgi gvgv ˆh nxb
weGq Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq| mvgvwRK eÅvwa ˆhŒZzGKi wei‚G«¬ ‰ gvbwmKZvi cwiPq ˆ`b, Abycg Zvi ˆKvGbv cÉwZev` KGi bv| weGq
c`GÞc ZvGì ÷f wP¯¦v I `†p PwiGòi cwiPvqK| ˆfGO ˆMGjI Abycg bxie f„wgKv cvjb KGi|
DóxcGK I ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ ˆhŒZzK cÉ^vi ˆh wPò Avgiv cvB Zv DóxcGKi méGqi KvKv Lvevi wbGq SvGgjv KGi méGqi weGq ˆfGO
AvgvGì mgvGR AvRI we`Ågvb| ˆhŒZzK cÉ^vi dGj AGbK KbÅvi w`GjI ˆm bxie ^vGK| méq KvKvi ˆ`vl ˆRGbI ˆKvGbv cÉwZev` KGi
wcZv nb meÆÕ¼v¯¦, AGbGKi weGq ˆfGO hvq ‰es AGbK ˆgGq AgvbywlK bv| MGÍ¸i AbycGgi gGZv méq eÅwÚZ½nxbZvi cwiPq w`GqGQ| mr
wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi nq| mgvGRi ‰ N†YÅ cÉ^vi i…cwU Avgiv ˆ`LGZ cvB mvnGmi AfvGe AbycGgi bÅvq méq ˆMŒixGK Avcb KGi wbGZ cvGi
DóxcK ‰es ‘AcwiwPZv’ MÍ¸ Dfq ˆÞGòB| DóxcGKi ˆKŒwkK I bv| `†p eÅwÚGZ½i AfvGeB Abycg KjÅvYx méq Avi ˆMŒixGK Avcb
myievjvi AwffveKMY ZvGì weGq avhÆ Kivi ˆÞGò ˆ`bv-cvIbvi KGi wbGZ cvGiwb| ‰fvGeB méq MGÍ¸i AbycGgi cÉwZwbwa nGq IGV|
welqwU ˆMvcGb wÕ©i KGi ˆbb| hwÌ ˆKŒwkK I myievjvi `†p
N AvñghÆv`v-mGPZb bvixi ˆh i…c KjÅvYxi gvGS dzGU DGVGQ
AeÕ©vGbi KviGY Avw^ÆK ˆjbG`bwU evavcÉvµ¦ nq| AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸I 
mgvGR ˆhŒZzKcÉ^vi cÉGKvc jÞ Kiv hvq ‰es ˆhŒZzGKi ˆjvfB ZviB cÉwZdjb ˆ`Lv hvq DóxcGKi ˆMŒixi gvGS| A
cGivÞfvGe Abycg KjÅvYxi weGq fGãi KviY nGq ùvovq| ˆhŒZzGKi ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYx eÅwÚZ½mÁ·®² bvix| AbycGgi mvG^ weGq
Õ¼i…c I Kzdj ZzGj aivi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcKwU ‘AcwiwPZv’ MÍ¸GK ˆfGO ˆMGj ˆm wcZvi ˆhŒwÚK gZvgZGK mÁÃvb RvwbGqGQ| cieZÆx
AGbKvsGkB cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| A^Ævr, cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^vh^| mgGq ˆm ˆ`kGmevi eËZ MÉnY KGiGQ| bvix RvMiGYi c^cÉ`kÆK
nGq KjÅvYx ˆ`Gki RbÅ KvR KGi PGjGQ| MGÍ¸i ˆkGl AbycGgi ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ AbycGgi gvgv ˆhŒZzKGjvfx Pwiò| wZwb AbycGgi
AbyGiva I wgbwZGZ kÁ¿zbvGî n†`q big nGjI weGq bv Kivi weGqi RbÅ ‰KwU RyyZmB Ni LyuRwQGjb; ˆhLvGb bv PvBGjI AGbK
wm«¬vG¯¦ AUj ^vGK KjÅvYx| UvKv ˆhŒZzK cvIqv hvGe| AGbK ˆLuvRvLyuwRi ci kÁ¿zbv^ ˆmGbi
DóxcGKi ˆMŒix I méq ‰Kmgq cÉYGqi e®¬Gb Ave«¬ wQj| ZGe KbÅv KjÅvYxi mvG^ gvgv AbycGgi weGq wVK KGib| weGqi w`b
ˆgGqi evwo ˆ^GK ˆÌqv ˆhŒZzGKi Mnbv wbGq AbycGgi gvgv nxb
‰KchÆvGq méGqi KvKvi wei…c AvPiGY weGq ˆfGO hvq ZvGì|
gvbwmKZvi cwiPq ˆ`b| MnbvàGjv Avmj bv bKj Zv cixÞv Kivi
‰GZ cGi méq ˆMŒixi RbÅ mvivRxeb AGcÞvi K^v ejGjI gb
RbÅ wZwb weGqevwoGZ ˆmKivGK mGã wbGq AvGmb|
MGj bv ˆMŒixi| KjÅvYxi gGZv ˆMŒixi Rxeb`kÆGbI cwieZÆb
DóxcGKi eGii evevi gvGSI ˆhŒZzKGjvfx gvbwmKZvi cwiPq cvIqv
‰GmGQ| ˆhŒ^ RxeGbi Õ¼µ²GK ˆm ‰Lb Avi AvewkÅK gGb KGi bv|
hvq| ˆm KviGYB weGqi RbÅ ˆgGqi eqm êwk nGjI ˆhŒZzGKi cwigvY
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RvMiGYi welqwU DGV ‰GmGQ| KjÅvYx ˆhgb AbycGgi kZ AbyGivGaI evevi ˆhŒZzKGjvfx gvbwmKZvi ‰ w`KwU ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi
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L cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUGZ eÅãvG^Æ ˆèZv KvwZÆGKi mGã AbycGgi
ˆgGqGì wkÞv`vGbi RbÅ wbGRGK wbGqvwRZ KGi| ˆhŒZzGKi
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‰GmGQ| ‰me wePvGi DóxcKwU ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i gƒj eÚGeÅi mÁ·ƒYÆ
K AbycgGK ‘gvKvj dj’ eGj we`Ë…c Kiv nGqGQ| cÉwZdjb NUvGZ cvGiwb|
L Abycg gnvmgvGivGni mvG^ weGq KiGZ wMGqwQj|
cÉk²  32 KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 1
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L ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i nwik AbycGgi gvgvi KvGQ KjÅvYx I Zvi
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M ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi gvGS Õ¼v^Ænxb fvGjvevmvi cÉfve K. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KbÅvGK Kx w`Gq AvkxeÆv` Kiv nGqwQj?1
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KvGR wbGqvwRZ KGi| ZrKvjxb mgvRevÕ¦eZvi wei…c cwiGeGk KjÅvYx
AcƒGeÆi gGb coj ˆmB weLÅvZ MvGbi Kwj: Avgvi ejvi wKQy wQj bv,
mvnmx c`GÞc MÉnY KGiwQj|
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K. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KvGK MRvbGbi ˆQvU fvB ejv nGqGQ? 1 DóxcGK Avgiv WvÚvi AcƒGeÆi Õ•zjevGm nVvr ˆ`Lv ‰K wkwÞKvi
L. “Vvëvi mÁ·KÆUvGK Õ©vqx Kwievi BœQv Avgvi bvB”@ mvG^ cwiwPZ nB| ZvGK wNGi AcƒGeÆi gGb ˆKŒZ„nGji m†wÓ¡ nq|
DwÚwU ˆKvb cÉmGã Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 wkwÞKvi cÉwZ AcƒGeÆi AvKlÆY m†wÓ¡i cvkvcvwk DóxcGKi ˆmB
M. WvÚvi AcƒeÆ ‰es ‘AwcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Abycg ˆhw`K ˆ^GK wkwÞKvi Õ¼vaxbGPZv I eÅwÚZ½gqx PwiGòi cwiPq cvIqv hvq|
mv`†kÅcƒYÆ Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KjÅvYxGK Avgiv D`vi, cGivcKvix, Õ¼vaxbGPZv I
N. DóxcGKi wkwÞKvi gGaÅ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi eÅwÚZ½gqx bvix wnGmGe ˆ`LGZ cvB| ˆm Zvi evev I wbGRi mÁÃvb
PvwiwòK cÉeYZvmgƒn h^vh^fvGe cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ eGj eRvq ivLGZ AbycgGK weGq KGiwb| Abycg w«¼Zxqevi cvwYcÉv^Æx nGj
Zzwg gGb KGiv wK? ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 Zvi evev ˆgGb ˆbb wK¯§ bvixwkÞv weKvGk ˆ`Gki cÉwZ cÉwZæve«¬
KjÅvYx Zv cÉZÅvLÅvb KGi|
DóxcGK WvÚvi AcƒGeÆi mvG^ Õ•zj wkwÞKvi weGq nIqvi K^v
K ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ eÅvãvG^Æ AbycgGK MRvbGbi ˆQvU fvB ejv
 ^vKGjI ˆm welGq weÕ¦vwiZ ˆKvGbv AvGjvPbv ˆbB| ˆmB wkwÞKvi
nGqGQ| cwiPqI DóxcGK AvGjvPbv Kiv nqwb| Aciw`GK MGÍ¸ KjÅvYx
L AbycGgi mvG^ KjÅvYxi weGq ˆfGO ˆÌqvUvGK AbycGgi gvgv PwiòGK ˆ`kGmevq wbGqvwRZ nIqv ‰es ZvGZB msKÍ¸e«¬ ^vKvi
Vvëv gGb KiGj kÁ¿zbv^ ˆmb ‰K^v eGjwQGjb| gvaÅGg cƒYÆZv ˆÌqv nGqGQ| ZvB Avwg gGb Kwi, DóxcGKi wkwÞKvi
AbycGgi gvgv weGqi AvGMB ˆmKiv w`Gq KGbi MvGqi Mqbv hvPvB gGaÅ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi PvwiwòK cÉeYZvmgƒn AvswkK
KGi ˆ`GLGZ Pvb Zv Avmj wK bv| ‰ KviGY kÁ¿zbv^ ˆmb AcgvwbZ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ|
3. Avgvi c^
cÉk²  23 XvKv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 1
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i gƒj welq nGœQ gbylÅZ½Geva RvMÉZ KGi ˆMvUv
wbGRGK Rvbv AZÅ¯¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ welq| mGKÌwUm eGjGQb, ‘wbGRGK gvbemgvRGK HKÅe«¬ Kiv| AvcvZ`†wÓ¡GZ ‰ AmvaÅGK mvab
RvGbv|’ ‰ K^v mKGjB RvGb ˆh, AvGñvcjwº¬i gaÅ w`Gq wbwgÆZ Kivi gƒj Dcv`vb nGœQ Avcb mZÅGK Rvbv, Z^v cÉwZwU gvbyGli
nq eÅwÚZ½Geva| Avi cÉej BœQvkwÚB civaxbZvi Rvj ˆ^GK êi gvGS mwçZ Acvi mÁ¿vebvgq kwÚ I mvg^ÆÅGK Rvbv|
KGi wbGRGK cÉwZwÓ¤Z KiGZ mvnvhÅ KGi| myZivs BœQvkwÚ I mZÅ DóxcGK gnvb `vkÆwbK mGKÌwUGmi ‘wbGRGK RvGbv’ Zî½ eÅvLÅv Kiv
c^GK aviY KGi Õ¼vaxbfvGe êuGP ^vKvi RbÅ wbGRGK cÉÕ§Z KiGZ nGqGQ| ‰LvGb ejv nGqGQ, wbGRGK Rvbv I êvSvi gvaÅGgB
nGe| eÅwÚZ½Geva ŠZwi nq| wg^Åv ˆ^GK êwiGq ‰Gm gvbyl mGZÅi AvGjvq
K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK KvGK mvjvg RvwbGqGQb? A 1 D«¿vwmZ nGZ cvGi| ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬I ‰ welqwUi weÕ¦vwiZ
L. “hvi ˆfZGi fq, ˆmB evBGi fq cvq|” eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2 AvGjvPbv ˆ`LGZ cvIqv hvq|
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwU
ˆjLK wbGRi kwÚ-mvg^ÆÅ RvbGZ I eySGZ mGZÅi wbweo mvabvi
mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 3
eÅvcviwU mvgGb wbGq ‰GmGQb| AekÅ Zuvi gƒj jÞÅ nGœQ mZÅvkÉqx
N. DóxcGKi ‘wbGRGK RvGbv’ ‰B K^vwU ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i
mKj gvbyGli mg®¼Gq weGf`nxb ‰K mgvR cÉwZÓ¤v| wZwb gGb
gƒj welqeÕ§GK wbG`Æk KGi wK bv, wbGRi fvlvq ZzGj aGiv|4
KGib, mKGjB hLb wbGRGK wPbGZ cviGe, ZLb gvbyGl gvbyGl
weGfGì îLv `ƒi nGq hvGe| mGZÅi wbweo mvabvq cÉwZwU gvbyl
K ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK Avcb mZÅGK mvjvg RvwbGqGQb| A wbGRGK mwVKfvGe RvbGZ I eySGZ cviGe| ZLb K‡wòg ˆf`vGf`
L ˆh wbGRi mZÅGK wPbGZ cvGi bv, Zvi ˆfZGi fq KvR KGi `ƒi nGq hvGe| ˆKbbv, wbGRGK Rvbv gvGb AciGKI Rvbv, hv
eGj ˆm evBGiI fq cvq| A cÉeG®¬i gƒj welqGK mg^Æb KGi|
evÕ¦eRxeGb gvbylGK cÉwZwbqZ bvbviKg mZÅ-wg^Åvi gyGLvgywL nGZ
nq| wK¯§ Lye AÍ¸ gvbylB mZÅ-wg^Åvi cÉK‡Z i…c wPbGZ cvGi| ˆh cÉk²  24 w`bvRcyi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 3
mZÅGK mwVKfvGe wPbGZ cvGi, Zvi A¯¦Gi wg^Åvi AgƒjK fq ^vGK hvGK Ac`v^Æ I AKgÆYÅ eGj Dcnvm Kiv nGœQ, ZvGK hw` ˆKD
bv| Avi ˆh eÅwÚ mGZÅi Avmj i…cwU wPbGZ eÅ^Æ nq, Zvi A¯¦GiB mvnm ˆ`q, ‰wMGq hvevi civgkÆ ‰es mnGhvwMZvi nvZ evovq, ZGe
wg^Åvi fq ^vGK| hvi gGb wg^Åv ˆmB wg^Åvi fq KGi, Avi A¯¦Gi ˆmB gvbylwUi gvbwmK I AvwñK weeZÆb NUGe| ‰GZ Ajm cwikÉgx
fq ^vKGj ˆm fq evBGiI cÉKvk cvq| ‰RbÅ cÉvew®¬K eGjGQb, nGZ cvGi, AcÉwZf mcÉwZf nGe, fxi‚ mvnmx nGe, gƒLÆ we«¼vb nGe,
hvi ˆfZGi fq ˆmB evBGi fq cvq| `yeÆj ejevb nGZ cvGi| ‰i AbÅZg KviY, ˆmB gvbylwUi A¯¦wbÆwnZ
M wbGRGK ˆPbvi gvaÅGg Avñwek¼vmx nIqv I AvñvGK Dcjwº¬ mGZÅi weKvk| A
Kivi w`KwUGZ DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i mv`†kÅ cvIqv hvq| K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬wU ˆKvb cÉe®¬MÉ¯© ˆ^GK ˆbIqv nGqGQ? A 1
gvbyl Õ¼fveZB wbGRi Õ¼v^Æ PwiZv^Æ KiGZ fvGjvevGm| RvMwZK L. KvRx bRi‚j Bmjvg ‘Avgvi mZÅ’ ejGZ Kx eywSGqGQb? A 2
bvbv Pvwn`v ˆgUvGZ wMGq ˆm AGbK mgq mZÅGK cÉZÅvLÅvb KGi| M. DóxcGKi fvebv ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i mGã KxfvGe
wg^Åvi mvG^ Avcm KGi| axGi axGi ˆm wbGRi kwÚ-mvg^ÆÅGK mvgémÅcƒYÆ? A 3
wg^Åvi KvGQ wemRÆb ˆ`q| mZÅGK aviY Kivi gvaÅGgB ‰KRb N. “AvñvGK wPbGjB AvñwbfÆiZv AvGm|” DóxcK I ‘Avgvi
gvbyl wbGRGK wPbGZ mÞg nq, AbÅvq I wg^Åvi mGã jovB Kivi c^’ cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK g¯¦eÅwU wePvi KGiv| A 4
kwÚ cvq| ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ‰ welqwUB AZÅ¯¦ PgrKvifvGe
dzwUGq ˆZvjv nGqGQ| B
K ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬wU ‘i‚`Ë-gãj’ cÉe®¬MÉ¯© ˆ^GK ˆbIqv nGqGQ|A
DóxcGK gnvb `vkÆwbK mGKÌwUGmi ‘wbGRGK RvGbv’ ZGî½i weGkÏlY
Kiv nGqGQ| ejv nGqGQ, wbGRGK ˆPbvi gvaÅGgB gvbyl mGZÅi  L KvRx bRi‚j Bmjvg ‘Avgvi mZÅ’ ejGZ civaxbZv I `vmZ½e†wî
AvGjvq D«¿vwmZ nGq DVGZ cvGi| ‰KBfvGe ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬I cwinvi KGi Õ¼gwngvq D«¿vwmZ nGq IVvi w`GK BwãZ KGiGQb|
mGZÅi gwngv cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ| ˆmLvGb ˆ`LvGbv nGqGQ, KxfvGe ‰ ˆ`k ‰Kw`b wQj ˆkŒhÆ-exGhÆi I Hk¼GhÆi jxjvf„wg, wK¯§ ‰ ˆ`Gki
‰KRb gvbyl mZÅ PPÆvi gvaÅGg mvaviY ˆ^GK AmvaviGY cwiYZ gvbyl ZvGì AvjmÅ, KgÆwegyLZv I ˆcŒi‚Gli AfvGe nGq cGoGQ
nGZ cvGi, mZÅGK ˆPbvi gvaÅGg wbGRi kwÚ I mvg^ÆÅGK D`&NvUb c†wêxi AbÅ me ˆ`Gki ˆPGq nxb| wK¯§ evsjvG`Gki gvbyl hw`
KiGZ cvGi| ZvB ejv hvq, wbGRi Rvbv mZÅGK Dcjwº¬i gaÅ w`Gq Avcb mZÅGK RvGb, ZvnGj ‰LGbv ZvGì nvivGbv ˆMŒie wdGi
DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| cvGe| ZvB wbR mîvGK RvwMGq ZzjGZB wbGRi kwÚ I wbGRi
N ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ AvñmZÅ Dcjwº¬i Ici ài‚Z½ ˆÌqv mZÅi Ici AUzU wek¼vm ivLGZ nGe| Avi civaxbZv I `vme†wî
nGqGQ, hv DóxcGKi ‘wbGRGK RvGbv’ K^vwUi mGã msMwZcƒYÆ| B ˆ^GK gyÚ nGq Õ¼vejÁ¼x nIqvi Dcvq nGœQ A¯¦wbÆwnZ mZÅ| A
M wbGRi kwÚ I ÞgZv mÁ·GKÆ ˆRGb Avcb mZÅGK aviY KGi
 K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ‘Avgvi c^’ AvgvGK Kx ˆ`LvGe? A 1
‰wMGq hvevi K^v ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i bÅvq DóxcGKI dzGU DGVGQ|A L. “AvñvGK wPbGjB AvñwbfÆiZv AvGm|” eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK AvñwbfÆikxjZvi Ici ài‚Z½vGivc M. DóxcGK AvjGgi ˆbZ‡GZ½i Õ¼i…c ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬
KGiGQb| civejÁ¼b AvgvGì wbwÓ˜q KGi ˆdGj| wZwb gGb KGib, KxfvGe cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? weGkÏlY KGiv| A 3
‰ civejÁ¼bB meGPGq eGov `vmZ½| A¯¦Gi hvGì ˆMvjvwgi fve, N. “gbylÅZ½ gvbylGK AvGjvi c^ ˆ`LvGZ cvGi|” DóxcK I
evBGii ˆMvjvwg ˆ^GK ZvGì gywÚ ˆbB| AvñwbfÆikxj eÅwÚ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK DwÚi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| A 4
wbGRGK cÉwZwÓ¤Z Kivi RbÅ hG^Ó¡| wK¯§ AvñwbfÆikxjZv bv 25 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
^vKGj gvbyl wbGRi D®²wZi RbÅ AGbÅi Ici wbfÆi KGi| eÕ§Z  K ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ‘Avgvi c^’ AvgvGK Avgvi mZÅ ˆ`LvGe|A
ˆhw`b gvbyGli gGb AvñwbfÆikxjZv AvmGe, ˆmw`bB gvbyl cÉK‡Z L ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK AvñwbfÆikxjZv ARÆGb Avñ Z^v
Õ¼vaxbZv cvGe| wbGRi ˆfZGii mZÅGK RvbGZ eGjGQb| A
DóxcGK A¯¦wbÆwnZ mGZÅi weKvGki gvaÅGg AvñkwÚGZ ejxqvb ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆjLGKi gGZ, wbGRGK wPbGj gvbyGli gGb
nevi K^v ejv nGqGQ| Ac`v^Æ I AKgÆYÅ eÅwÚI AbyGcÉiYv ˆcGj Avcbv-AvcwbB ‰KUv ˆRvi AvGm ˆh, ˆm Avcb mZÅ Qvov Avi
mcÉwZf nGq IGV| AvwñK weeZÆGbi gvaÅGg mvnmx nGq IGV| KvGiv KvGQ gv^v bZ KGi bv| A^Ævr ˆKDB ZvGK fq ˆ`wLGq
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ bRi‚j Bmjvg ‘Avwg’ mîvi RvMiGYi K^v c`vbZ KiGZ cvGi bv| gvbyGli DwPZ Zvi ˆfZGii kwÚGK Dcjwº¬
eGjGQb, hvi cÉKvk DóxcGKI iGqGQ| wbGRGK ˆPbv, wbGRi Kiv ‰es AvñcÉZÅqx nIqv| ZGeB Zvi wbGRi Ici wbGRi wek¼vm
mZÅGK Dcjwº¬ Kivi gvaÅGg gvbyl wPiKjÅvGYi cG^ AMÉmi nGZ R¯ÃvGe| cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU «¼viv ‰ K^vB êvSvGbv nGqGQ| A
cvGi@ Avi ‰ fvebvwU cÉe®¬ I MGÍ¸ cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ| M mZÅ cGî KYÆavi nGq wg^Åv I bZRvbyZvi wei‚G«¬ AeÕ©vb
ˆbIqvi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGK AvjGgi ˆbZ‡Z½ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬
N wbGRGK ˆPbvi gvaÅGgB gvbyl mGZÅi AvGjvq D«¿vwmZ nGq
cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ| A
DVGZ cvGi, hv DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ZzGj aiv nGqGQ| A
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK ‰gb ‰K ‘Avwg’ mîvi Avn»vb KGiGQb,
Avñwek¼vm I AvñwbfÆiZvi Avn»vb RvbvGbv nGqGQ ‘Avgvi c^’ whwb mZÅ cÉKvGk wbfÆxK I AmsGKvP| mGZÅi Dcjwº¬ Kwei
cÉeG®¬| mGZÅi Dcjwº¬ ˆjLGKi cÉvYcÉvPzGhÆi Drmwe±`y| ˆjLK mGZÅi cÉvYcÉvPzGhÆi Drmwe±`y| wg^Åvi fqGK Rq KGi mGZÅi AvGjvq
AvGjvGZ gvbyGli eÅwÚGZ½i RvMiY I weKvk cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb| wbGRGK wPGb wbGZ mvnvhÅ KGi ‰B ‘Avwg’ mîv| cÉwZwU gvbyl Zvi
ciwbfÆiZvgyÚ Õ¼vaxb eÅwÚ Avñwek¼vmx, ‰iv mZÅ cÉKvGk wbfÆxK nGq mîvGK Dcjwº¬ KGi AvñkwÚGZ ejxqvb nGq DrK‡Ó¡ gvbemgvR
^vGK| AvñkwÚGK Abyaveb KiGZ cviGjB gvbyl AvñwbfÆikxj nGZ MGo ZzjGe, ˆjLK ‰ Avkvev` eÅÚ KGiGQb|
cvGi| Avi AvñwbfÆikxj gvbyl me wKQyGKB mÁ¿e KGi ZzjGZ cvGi| DóxcGK wg^ÅvGK DwoGq mGZÅi KYÆavi nGq IVv msMVK AvjGgi
DóxcGK ˆjLK AvwñK kwÚGK RvMÉZ Kivi K^v eGjGQb| Ac`v^Æ, K^v ‰GmGQ| Avjg mvGne `Gg bv wMGq Zuvi msMVGbi ‘iRZRq¯¦x’
AKgÆYÅ, fxi‚, gƒLÆ I `yeÆj gvbylwUI AvñkwÚ mÁ·GKÆ mGPZb nGj cvjb KGiGQb| ‰ msMVGbi cÉwZwU m`mÅ mgvRGK AvGjvwKZ KGi
mvnmx I AcÉwZGivaÅ nGq DVGZ cvGi| wbGR wbwÓ˜q bv ˆ^GK PGjGQ| AvGjvwKZ gvbyl Movi mv^ÆK KvwiMi nGq DGVGQb Avjg
AvñwbfÆiZv jvGfi gvaÅGgB AvgvGì gywÚ mÁ¿e| mvGne| Avi ‰fvGeB DóxcGK AvjGgi ˆbZ‡GZ½i Õ¼i…c ‘Avgvi c^’
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬ ‰es DóxcGKi ˆjLK AvñkwÚGK cÉvYcÉvPzGhÆi cÉeG®¬ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ|
Drm wnGmGe Dcjwº¬ KGiGQb| wbGR wbwÓ˜q ˆ^GK KLGbvB N ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK Õ¼wbfÆi nGq mZÅGK aviY KGi,
mdjZv ARÆb mÁ¿e bq| ZvB wbGRi mZÅ I wek¼vmGK ˆRGb Avñvi gbylÅZ½ ARÆGbi gvaÅGg AvGjvi cG^ ‰wMGq hvIqvi K^v eGjGQb,
Adzivb kwÚGK RvMÉZ KiGZ cviGjB gvbyl ˆcGZ cvGi hvi cÉwZdjb Avgiv DóxcGKI ˆ`LGZ cvB| A
AvñwbfÆikxjZv| Avi ‰ AvñwbfÆikxjZvi àGYB gvbyl ˆcGZ cvGi ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ mgvR I mgKvj chÆGeÞGYi gaÅ w`Gq
mvdjÅ| ZvB DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK ejvB hvq@ cÉvew®¬K ˆ`wLGqGQb ˆh, myÕ·Ó¡fvGe wbGRi wek¼vm Avi mZÅGK
‘AvñvGK wPbGjB AvñwbfÆiZv AvGm|’ cÉKvk KiGZ bv RvbGj ŠZwi nq ciwbfÆiZv, AvnZ nq AvgvGì
eÅwÚZ½| civejÁ¼b AvgvGì wbwÓ˜q KGi ˆdGj| Avi cÉvew®¬K gGb
cÉk²  25 KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 4 KGib, ‰wUB meGPGq eGov `vmZ½| A¯¦Gi hvGì ˆMvjvwgi fve,
Avjg ‰KRb msMVK| ‰jvKvi ˆQGjGgGqGì wbGq wZwb ‘Kwe evBGii ˆMvjvwg ˆ^GK ZvGì gywÚ ˆbB| ˆjLK gywÚi Dcvq wnGmGe
myKv¯¦ cvVvMvi I msMxZ we`Åvjq’ bvGg msMVb MGo ˆZvGjb| wZwb mZÅ I bÅvqGK aviY KGi gbylÅZ½ ARÆGbi gvaÅGg cÉwZwU gvbylGK
wg^ÅvGK DwoGq w`Gq, mvgvwRK cÉwZe®¬KZvGK Rq KGi msMVGbi ˆRGM IVvi Avn»vb RvwbGqGQb|
‘iRZRq¯¦x’i AvGqvRb KGiGQb| wZwb `Gg hvIqvi gvbyl bb| Zuvi DóxcGK mZÅGK aviY KGi gbylÅZ½ ARÆGbi w`KwU ˆ`LvGZ nGqGQ|
msMVGbi ˆQGjGgGqiv AvR àYx wkÞvwe`, mvsevw`K, cÉkvmGbi Avjg mvGne AvGjvwKZ gvbyl nGq AbÅGì gb AvbG±` fwiGq
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mZÅ I bÅvGqi c^B nGjv Avmj c^| Zuvi wek¼vm, gvbe-agÆB meGPGq D®²wZi RGbÅ AGbÅi Ici wbfÆi KGi| eÕ§Z ˆhw`b gvbyGli gGb
eo agÆ| gbylÅZ½GevGa RvMÉZ nGjB aGgÆi cÉK‡Z mZÅ DG¯ÃvwPZ nGe| AvñwbfÆikxjZv AvmGe ˆmw`bB gvbyl cÉK‡Z Õ¼vaxbZv cvGe| ‰gb
‰K aGgÆi mGã AbÅ aGgÆi weGiva wgGU hvGe| mÁ¿e nGe ˆMvUv `†wÓ¡fwãi cwiPq AvGjvPÅ DóxcGKI cvIqv hvq|
gvbemgvRGK HKÅe«¬ Kiv| cÉvew®¬GKi gGZ, ‰B HGKÅi gƒj kwÚ DóxcGK eZÆgvb mgGqi wkÞv^ÆxGì ciwbfÆikxjZvi cÉK‡Z wPòwU
nGjv mÁ·ÉxwZ| mÁ·ÉxwZi e®¬b kwÚkvjx nGj gvbyGli gGaÅ mnbkxjZv ZzGj aiv nGqGQ| êwki fvM wkÞv^Æx AvñwbfÆikxj nIqvi RGbÅ
evGo| wf®² agÆ-gZ-cGî gvbyGli cÉwZ kÉ«¬vGeva RvGM| wbGRGì ˆhvMÅ KGi MGo ˆZvGj bv| AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi RGbÅ ZvGì
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK eGjGQb, gvbyGl gvbyGl ˆhLvGb cÉvGYi wgj, AGbÅi Ici wbfÆi KiGZ nq eGj ævbvRÆGbi Avb±` ˆ^GKI Zviv
mGZÅi wgj, ˆmLvGb aGgÆi ŠelgÅ ˆKvGbv wnsmvi fve AvGb bv| hvi ewçZ nq| ‰gbwK cÉvqkB Zviv wbGRi Ici AvÕ©v nvwiGq ˆdGj|
wbGRi aGgÆi wek¼vm AvGQ, ˆh wbGRi aGgÆi mZÅGK wPGbGQ, ˆm KLGbv cwiYwZGZ ZvGì gGaÅ R¯Ã ˆbq nZvkv I ciwbfÆikxjZv| ‘Avgvi
AbÅ agÆGK N†Yv KiGZ cvGi bv| wK¯§ ‰B agÆxq mÁ·ÉxwZi welqwU c^’ cÉeG®¬ cÉvew®¬K KxfvGe gvbyGli gvGS ciwbfÆikxjZv ŠZwi nq
DóxcGK AvGjvwPZ nqwb| ZvB Avgiv wbwøZfvGe ejGZ cvwi, ‘Avgvi ˆm mÁ·GKÆ gZ cÉKvk KGiGQb, hv DóxcGKi gƒjfvGeI eZÆgvb|
c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆh w`KwU DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ nqwb Zv nGjv wn±`y-gymwjg ˆmw`K weGePbvq ciwbfÆikxjZv I AvñwbfÆiZvi welGq ‘Avgvi c^’
mÁ·ÉxwZ cÉZÅvkv| cÉe®¬ I DóxcGKi wgj iGqGQ|
N ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆjLK gGb KGib Õ¼wbfÆiZv ARÆGbi RbÅ
cÉk²  29 hGkvi êvWÆ 2016  cÉk² bs 1
cÉGqvRb wbGRi cÉwZ wek¼vm Avi mZÅGK cÉKvk Kivi mvnm|
wkÞvi jÞÅ nGœQ ævbPPÆv I gbylÅGZ½i weKvk mvab| wK¯§ eZÆgvGb
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ mgvR I mgKvj chÆGeÞGYi gaÅ w`Gq cÉvew®¬K
wkÞvi jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGbvi RGbÅ wkÞv^ÆxGì ˆjLvcovi AvMÉn Kg|
ˆ`wLGqGQb ˆh, myÕ·Ó¡fvGe wbGRi wek¼vm Avi mZÅGK cÉKvk KiGZ bv
AvñwbfÆikxj nIqvi RGbÅ Zviv wbGRGì ˆhvMÅ KGi MGo ˆZvGj bv|
RvbGj ŠZwi nq ciwbfÆiZv, AvnZ nq AvgvGì eÅwÚZ½| civejÁ¼b
ZvB AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi RGbÅ ZvGì LyuwUi ˆRvGii AvkÉq wbGZ nq| dGj
AvgvGì wbwÓ˜q KGi ˆdGj| Avi cÉvew®¬K gGb KGib, ‰wUB meGPGq
ævbvRÆGbi Avb±` ˆ^GK Zviv `ƒGi mGi cGo| ‰fvGe Zviv wbGRGì
eo `vmZ½| A¯¦Gi hvGì ˆMvjvwgi fve, evBGii ˆMvjvwg ˆ^GK ZvGì
Ici AvÕ©v nvwiGq ˆdGj| cwiYwZGZ ZvGì gGaÅ R¯Ã ˆbq nZvkv I
gywÚ ˆbB|
ciwbfÆikxjZv|
DóxcGK KxfvGe gvbyl ciwbfÆikxjZvq Ave«¬ nq Zv eÅvLÅv Kiv
K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ‘Avgvi c^’ AvgvGK Kx ˆ`LvGe? 1
nGqGQ| hviv AvñwbfÆikxjZvi RGbÅ wbGRGì ˆhvMÅ KGi ˆZvGj bv
L. ‘AvàGbi mÁÃvRÆbv’ ejGZ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ Kx êvSvGbv
ZvivB AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi RGbÅ AGbÅi Ici wbfÆikxj nq| dGj ævbvRÆGbi
nGqGQ? 2
Avb±` ˆ^GK Zviv `ƒGi mGi cGo| ‰fvGe Zviv wbGRGì Ici AvÕ©v
M. DóxcGKi mGã ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i wgjmgƒn wPwn×Z
nvwiGq ˆdGj| cwiYwZGZ ZvGì gGaÅ R¯Ã ˆbq nZvkv I ciwbfÆikxjZv|
KGiv| 3
‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLGKi eYÆbvq ciwbfÆikxjZv cwinvGii
N. “wbGRi wek¼vm Avi mZÅGK cÉKvk KiGZ bv RvbGj ŠZwi
Avn»vGbi gaÅ w`Gq AvgvGì AvñwbfÆikxj nIqvi Avn»vb RvbvGbv
nq ciwbfÆiZv”@ DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬
nGqGQ| ˆKbbv civejÁ¼b ˆ^GKB ŠZwi nq `vmZ½| Avi wbGRGK
AejÁ¼Gb g¯¦eÅwU wePvi KGiv| 4
Rvbvi gaÅ w`Gq Avñwek¼vmx nGq IVvB `vmZ½ ˆ^GK gywÚi ‰Kgvò
Dcvq| AvGjvPÅ DóxcGKi NUbveGZÆI ‰i QvqvcvZ NGUGQ| eZÆgvb
K ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ Avgvi c^ AvgvGK Avgvi mZÅ ˆ`LvGe|
 mgGq wkÞv^ÆxGì ciwbfÆikxjZvi w`KwU ZzGj aGi ˆmLvGbI ‰i
L ‘AvàGbi mÁÃvRÆbv’ ejGZ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ mgvGRi mKj KviY DG¯ÃvPb Kiv nGqGQ| ‰B eÅvLÅv cÉGk² DGÍÏwLZ g¯¦eÅwUGK

A÷w«¬, ˆKÑ` `ƒi Kivi nvwZqviGK êvSvGbv nGqGQ| mÁ·ƒYÆfvGe mg^Æb KGi|
5. gvwm-wcwm
cÉk²  23 w`bvRcyi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 4 ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ bvixGì Ici cyi‚lZvw¯¨K mgvGRi N†YÅ
ŠkkGe evev-gvGK nvwiGq ‰K PvPvi AvkÉGq ^vKv Avmgvi RxeGb gvbwmKZvi cÉKvk NGUGQ| cyi‚lGì Z^vKw^Z ˆcŒi‚l I jvjmvi
NGU hvq evjÅweevn, Õ¼vgxi NGi AZÅvPvi-wbhÆvZb, cGi ZvjvK| wkKvi nGj bvixRxeb KZUv `yweÆln nGq DVGZ cvGi, ˆm welqwU ‰
PvPvi mnGhvwMZv bv ˆcGjI `Gg hvqwb ˆm| wUDkb KGi ˆjLvcov MGÍ¸ `†kÅgvb| AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸ cyi‚lZvw¯¨K mgvGRi wbhÆvwZZ bvixi
PvwjGq hvq ˆm| A`gÅ BœQvkwÚi ˆRvGi gvaÅwgK I DœPgvaÅwgK cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGiGQ AvnÐvw`|
cixÞvq jvf KGi fvGjv dj| Avmgv ‰Lb ˆgwWGKj KGjGRi ˆkl DóxcGK bvixGì Ici cyi‚Gli KZ‡ÆZ½ RvwnGii welqwU jÞ Kiv
eGlÆi Qvòx| A hvq| wcZvgvZvnviv AvmgvGK ŠkkGeB weGq ˆ`q Zvi PvPv|
K. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ˆPŒwK`vGii bvg Kx? A 1 evjÅweevGni ewj nIqv Avmgv Õ¼vgxM†Gn wbgÆg wbhÆvZb-wbcxoGbi
L. AvnÐvw`GK ˆ`GL eyGov ingvGbi ˆPvL QjQj KGi IGV ˆKb? A 2 wkKvi nq| Õ¼vgx ZvjvK w`Gj ‰B Amnvq bvix cyi‚lZvw¯¨K mgvGR
M. DóxcGKi PvPv I ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i gvwm-wcwm PwiGòi KviI KvQ ˆ^GK ˆKvGbv mnGhvwMZv cvqwb| RxebmsMÉvGg ‰KvKx
ZzjbvgƒjK wPò DcÕ©vcb KGiv| A 3 jovB KiGZ nGqGQ ZvGK| DóxcGKi Avmgv cyi‚lZvw¯¨K mgvGRi
N. “DóxcGKi Avmgv ‰es ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvw` DfGqB ˆbwZevPK gvbwmKZvi wkKvi|
wbhÆvwZZ bvix mgvGRi cÉwZwbwa|”@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| A 4 AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvw` cyi‚lZvw¯¨K mgvGRi wbcxoGbi wkKvi|
23 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi wcZ‡gvZ‡nxb AvnÐvw`GK Õ¼vgx DVGZ-emGZ wbhÆvZb KGi| ZvGK
K ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ˆPŒwK`vGii bvg KvbvB| A kvixwiKfvGe wbhÆvZb KGiB ˆKej Þv¯¦ nq bv, ˆcUcyGi ˆLGZ chÆ¯¦
ˆ`q bv| euvPvi ZvwMG` weaev gvwm I wcwmi KvGQ ˆm AvkÉq MÉnY
L AvnÐvw`GK ˆ`GL Zvi wbGRi ˆgGqi K^v gGb nIqvq eyGov ingvGbi KGi| wK¯§ ˆmLvGbI ˆm kvw¯¦GZ ^vKGZ cvGi bv| `vGivMv,
ˆPvGL Rj AvGm| ˆRvZ`vi, à´£v-e`gvkGì ˆjvjyc `†wÓ¡ cGo AvnÐvwì Ici|
AvnÐvwì ˆPGq eqGm ˆQvGUv ˆgGqUvGK ingvb weGq w`GqwQj| AeyS DóxcGKi Avmgv Õ¼vgxi wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi| mgvGR bvixGì `yeÆj
ˆgGqUv k¼÷ievwo bv hvIqvi RbÅ Lye ˆKuG`wQj| wK¯§ Zvi fvGjvi ˆfGe cyi‚liv nvGgkvB ZvGì Ici AZÅvPvGii wÕ¡gGivjvi Pvjvq|
RbÅB ZvGK ˆRvi KGi k¼÷ievwo cvVvq ingvb| ˆmLvGb wMGq ZLb bvix Zvi Õ¼KxqZv nvwiGq RxebmsKGU ˆfvGM| Amnvq
AÍ¸w`b cGiB ˆgGqUv gviv hvq| ‰KB mgmÅvi wkKvi AvnÐvw`GK AvmgvGK mgvR wbivcîv w`GZ eÅ^Æ nGqGQ| DchyÆÚ AvGjvPbvi
ˆ`GL ˆgGqi K^v gGb nIqvq eyGov ingvGbi ˆPvL QjQj KGi| cwiGcÉwÞGZ ejv hvq, DóxcGKi Avmgv ‰es AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvw`
M ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i gvwm-wcwm AvnÐvwì eÅvcvGi hG^Ó¡ `vwqZ½kxj DfqB wbhÆvwZZ bvixmgvGRi cÉwZwbwa|
nGjI DóxcGKi PvPv Avmgvi eÅvcvGi `vwqZ½ævbnxbZvi cwiPq
cÉk²  24 wmGjU êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 1
w`GqGQb|
`kg ˆkÉwYi Qvòx Avmgv ‰K `wi`Ë wcZvi m¯¦vb| MÉvGgi cÉfvekvjx
AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvw` Õ¼vgxi «¼viv wbhÆvwZZ ‰K wKGkvix, ˆh Õ¼vgxi
AZÅvPvGi AwZÓ¤ nGj Zvi gvwm-wcwm ZvGK AvkÉq ˆ`q| gvwm-wcwm eÅwÚ MIni gíj ˆRvicƒeÆK AvmgvGK cyòeaƒ evbvGZ Pvq| ügwK
ZvGK fiYGcvlY I wbivcîv w`GZ mGeÆvœP mGPÓ¡ nq| AvGjvPÅ ˆ`q ZzGj wbGq hvIqvi| ‰B cwiwÕ©wZGZ Avmgvi ev®¬exiv cvGk
MGÍ¸i gvwm-wcwmGK `vwqZ½kxj AwffveGKi PwiGò ˆ`Lv hvq| Zviv ‰Gm ùvovq| gíGji eLvGU ˆQGji nvGZ cGo ˆgavex Qvòx Avmgvi
k¼÷ievwo ˆ^GK PGj Avmv AvnÐvw`GK ÷ay AvkÉqB ˆ`qwb, Zvi ˆjLvcov a»sm ˆnvK Zviv Pvq bv| ev®¬exiv welqwU Õ©vbxq mvsevw`K
fiYGcvlGYi `vwqZ½ ˆbIqvi cvkvcvwk ZvGK mgvGRi jvjmv-D¯Ãî I KGqKRb MYÅgvbÅ eÅwÚGK Rvbvq| Zviv `j êuGa Õ•zGj hvq ‰es
gvbylGì KvQ ˆ^GK wbivcîvI w`GqGQ| cvjv KGi Avmgvi evwo cvnviv ˆ`q| ‰GZ `Gg hvq MIni gíj|
Rq nq mwÁÃwjZ cÉwZGivGai| A
DóxcGKi wcZ‡gvZ‡nxb Avmgv PvPvi AvkÉGq cvwjZ ‰es evjÅweevGni
ewj| ˆm Õ¼vgxi NGi bvbv wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi nq| PvPvi `vwqZ½ævGbi K. ‘mvjwZ’ Kx? A 1
AfvGe ZvGK evjÅweevGni ewj nGZ nq| ZvjvKcÉvµ¦ Avmgv L. ‘eyGov ingvb QjQj ˆPvGL ZvKvq AvnÐvwì w`GK|”@ ˆKb?
cieZÆxKvGj PvPvi KvQ ˆ^GK ˆKvGbv mnGhvwMZvI cvqwb| ‰gbwK eywSGq `vI| A 2
Abv^ ˆgGq AvmgvGK wbivcîv w`GZ mÁ·ƒYÆ eÅ^Æ nGqGQ Zvi PvPv| wK¯§ M. DóxcGKi MIni gíj ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi
‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ gvwm-wcwm ZvGì `vwqZ½ mÁ·GKÆ mGPZb| ZvB ejv cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| A 3
hvq, `vwqZ½kxj AvPiGYi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi PvPv ‰es AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i N. “‘Rq nq mwÁÃwjZ cÉwZGivGai’@ ‰ K^v ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i
gvwm-wcwmi gvGS Šemv`†kÅ cwijwÞZ nq| ˆÞGòI mgfvGe cÉGhvRÅ|” @ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
N cyi‚lZvw¯¨K mgvGR wbhÆvZb I eçbvi wkKvi nIqvi w`K ˆ^GK
DóxcGKi Avmgv ‰es ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvw` ‰KmƒGò Muv^v| K ‘mvjwZ’ nGjv kvjKvGV wbwgÆZ ev ZvjMvGQi mi‚ ˆWvOv| A
L AvnÐvw`GK ˆ`GL Zvi wbGRi ˆgGqi K^v gGb nIqvq eyGov ingvGbi AvgvGì mgvGR ‰KGkÉwYi gvbyl iGqGQ, hviv ÞgZv wbGRGì
ˆPvGL Rj AvGm| KzwÞMZ KGi ivGL| ÞgZvi AceÅenvi KGi mgvGRi msLÅvMwiÓ¤
AvnÐvwì ˆPGq eqGm ˆQvGUv ˆgGqUvGK ingvb weGq w`GqwQj| AeyS ˆkÉwYi Ici cÉfve weÕ¦vi KGi ‰es RbRxebGK wechÆÕ¦ KGi
ˆgGqUv k¼÷ievwo bv hvIqvi RbÅ Lye ˆKuG`wQj| wK¯§ Zvi fvGjvi ˆZvGj| AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i ˆMvKzj, `vGivMv I ˆPŒwK`vi ‰B ˆkvlK
RbÅB ZvGK ˆRvi KGi k¼÷ievwo cvVvq ingvb| ˆmLvGb wMGq ˆkÉwYi cÉwZf„| MGÍ¸ MÉvgevmx ‰B kwÚi wei‚G«¬ cÉej cÉwZGiva MGo
AÍ¸w`b cGiB ˆgGqUv gviv hvq| ‰KB mgmÅvi wkKvi AvnÐvw`GK ˆZvGj| gvwm-wcwm ZvGì mnGhvwMZv wbGq AckwÚi wei‚G«¬ msMÉvg
ˆ`GL ˆgGqi K^v gGb nIqvq eyGov ingvGbi ˆPvL QjQj KGi| KGi wbGRGì AwÕ¦Z½ iÞv KGiGQ| DóxcGKI AbÅvGqi wei‚G«¬
M DóxcGKi MIni gíj ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆRvZ`vi ˆMvKzGji MÉvgevmx cÉwZGiva MGo ˆZvGj| AbÅvqKvix hZ kwÚkvjxB ˆnvK bv
cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| A ˆKb mwÁÃwjZ kwÚi KvGQ ZzœQ| ‰ mZÅB cÉgvY KGiGQ AvGjvPÅ MÍ¸
I DóxcGKi MÉvgevmx| mgvR ˆ^GK AbÅvqGK `ƒixf„Z KiGZ nGj
‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆRvZ`vi ˆMvKzj ˆkvlK ˆkÉwYi cÉwZf„|
ZvB cÉGqvRb mwÁÃwjZ cÉwZGiva| DcwiDÚ AvGjvPbvi cwiGcÉwÞGZ
AbÅvqfvGe MÉvGgi gvbyGli Rwg `Lj, AZÅvPvi, wbcxob cÉf‡wZ Zvi
ejv hvq, cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
wbZÅ w`Gbi KvR| ˆKD Zvi K^vi AevaÅ nGj ZvGK KwVb kvwÕ¦
ˆfvM KiGZ nq| AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸I ˆ`Lv hvq, AvnÐvwì mÁ·wî ˆfvM cÉk²  25 ewikvj êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 2
Kivi RbÅ ˆMvKzj K„UGKŒkj MÉnY KGiGQ ‰es ˆcvlv à´£vGì gxbvi evev nVvr gviv hvIqvq Zvi gv ivby ZvGK wbGq Amnvq nGq
cvwVGqGQ ZvGK ZzGj AvbGZ| cGo| ˆm Zvi Õ¼vgxi îGL hvIqv mvgvbÅ K‡wlRwgGZ Drc®² dmj
DóxcGKi MIni gíj MÉvGgi cÉfvekvjx eÅwÚ| Zvi wbcxob I wewKÌ KGi hv Avq KGi ZvGZ gxbvi ˆjLvcovi LiP PvjvGZ cvGi
AZÅvPvGi MÉvgevmx AwZÓ¤| `wi`Ë NGii m¯¦vb AvmgvGK ˆm ˆRvi KGi bv| ZvB AGbÅi evwoGZ avb fvbv, gvovB ˆÌqv I M†ncwiPvwiKvi
wbGRi eLvGU ˆQGji eD evbvGZ Pvq| ‰GZ Avmgvi cwievi ivwR bv KvR KGi gxbvi ˆjLvcov I msmvGii LiP PvwjGq hvwœQj| wK¯§
nGj bvbvfvGe ZvGì fqfxwZ cÉ`kÆb KGi ‰es evwo ˆ^GK ZzGj wbGq nVvr evav nGq ùvovj gxbvi eqm| ˆlvokx gxbvGK MÉvgÅ ˆgvoGji
hvIqvi ügwK ˆ`q| ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆMvKzjI ‰KB cÉK‡wZi gvbyl| Kz`†wÓ¡ ˆ^GK iÞvi RbÅ ˆm ZvGK weGq w`Gjv| wK¯§ A^ÆGjvfx I
AvnÐvw`Gì RwgRgvi AwaKvskB `Lj KGiGQ ˆm| ‰gbwK AvnÐvwì Õ¼v^Æv®¬ cwievGi gxbvi VuvB nGjv bv| ˆm gvGqi KvGQ PGj Avmj|
evevi îGL hvIqv AewkÓ¡ mÁ·wîGZI fvM emvGZ Pvq ˆm| ‰Qvov ÷i‚ nGjv gv-ˆgGqi bZzb KGi êuGP ^vKvi jovB|
gvwm-wcwmi AvwkÉZv Amnvq AvnÐvwì cÉwZI KzbRi iGqGQ Zvi| ZvB K. ‘cvZvkƒbÅ ÷KGbv MvQUvq’ Kviv eGmGQ? A 1
ejv hvq, AZÅvPvix gGbvfvGei w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi MIni gíj I L. “ˆQGji gyL ˆ`GL cvlvY big nq,”@ ‰LvGb ‘cvlvY’ K^vwU
AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i ˆMvKzGji mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? A 2
N ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ gvwm-wcwm ˆhfvGe MÉvgevmxGì wbGq kò‚i M. DóxcGKi mgvRwPGòi mGã ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i mgvRwPGòi
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KviGY MIni gíj wcQy nGU ‰es Zvi AbÅvq Awfjvl ZÅvM KiGZ I jovB KGi wUGK ^vKvi mGã ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i mgvRwPGòi
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M. DóxcGKi cÉwZgvi mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvw` PwiGòi
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DóxcK I ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MÍ¸ DfqGÞGòB cwijwÞZ nq| B N. “A^Æwj¶Öv gvbylGK cwicƒYÆ c÷ KGi ˆZvGj@ DóxcGK I
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‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ivGZi êjv `yøwiò I ˆjvfx cÉwZGekx ˆMvKzj
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M ˆcÉÞvcGUi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi cÉwZgv I ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i
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‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ dzGU DGVGQ Õ¼vgxi wbgÆg wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi AvnÐvw`GK M ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ AvnÐvw`GK wbhÆvwZZ, Amnvq I ciwbfÆikxj
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DGVGQ ‰ MGÍ¸| gvwm-wcwmi KvGQ PGj AvGm| wbtÕ¼ I weaev gvwm-wcwm wbGRGì
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ˆhŒZzGKi UvKvi RbÅ Zviv cÉwZgvi Ici AgvbweK wbhÆvZb Pvjvq| iÞv KiGZ meÆ`v mGPÓ¡ ^vGK| wK¯§ MGÍ¸ AvnÐvw`GK AvñiÞvi
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cÉk²  27 wmGjU êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 3 wei‚G«¬ jovB Kivi cÉZÅq eÅÚ KGi| wK¯§ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvwì gGaÅ ‰B
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M. DóxcGKi cvi‚Gji mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvwì
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PvwiwòK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi ŠecixZÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
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N. “DóxcKwU AwaKvsk ˆÞGò ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i eÚeÅ
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‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i gvwm-wcwm ‰es AvGjvPÅ DóxcGKi eKzj I Zvi
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M DóxcGKi weËwUk kvmGKi wbhÆvZb ‰es ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq
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M. DóxcGKi ˆkl evKÅwU ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ cÉeG®¬
DG¯Ãl NGUwQj| DóxcGKi ‰B msMÉvgx BwZnvm ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’
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N. DóxcGKi ZvrchÆ ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’i ˆPZbvi
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Abkb KGiGQb| ew±` AeÕ©vGZI wZwb wewf®² MÉ¯© cÉKvGki kvmKGMvÓ¤xi wei‚G«¬ msMÉvg KGi ˆRGj ˆMGQb ‰es bvbvfvGe
gvaÅGg AwaKvi Av`vGqi ˆRvi msMÉvg PvwjGq ˆMGQb| AZÅvPvwiZ nGqGQb| wZwb ivÓ¡Çfvlv wnGmGe evsjv cÉwZÓ¤vi welGq
K. îYy ˆK? 1 mngZ ˆcvlY KGiGQb| ‰Qvov, evOvwji AwaKvi Av`vGqi RbÅ
L. ‘hw` ‰ cG^ g†ZzÅ ‰Gm ^vGK ZGe ZvB nGe’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 wZwb wbGRi cÉvY wec®² KGiI cÉwZev` AeÅvnZ îGLGQb|
M. DóxcGK ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ cÉeG®¬i cÉwZdwjZ w`KàGjv DóxcGK ˆbjmb ˆgG´£jvi KvivRxeb ‰es Zuvi `†p cÉZÅq cÉwZdwjZ
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 nGqGQ| wZwb eYÆev`, ŠelgÅ Avi ˆkvlGYi wei‚G«¬ mvivRxeb ˆmvœPvi
N. “ˆbjmb ˆgG´£jvi AvG±`vjb wQj eYÆevGì wei‚G«¬ Avi wQGjb| ˆ`Gki K‡úvã gvbyGli KjÅvGYi RbÅ wZwb AvgiY msMÉvg I
‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi AvG±`vjb AvG±`vjb KGiGQb| AvG±`vjb bmÅvr Kivi RbÅ Zuvi Ici ˆbGg AvGm
wQj RvwZmîvi cGÞ”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv|4 wbhÆvZb| ZeyI wZwb `Gg hvbwb; KvivMvGi eGmB wZwb wewf®² MÉ¯©
29 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi iPbvi gvaÅGg AwaKvi Av`vGqi RbÅ ˆRvi msMÉvg PvwjGq ˆMGQb|
K îYy nGjb eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi mnawgÆYx ˆkL eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb wbR ˆ`Gki gvbyGli AwaKvi Av`vGqi
dwRjvZzG®²mv gywRe| RbÅ ZrKvjxb cvwKÕ¦vb miKvGii wei‚G«¬ AvG±`vjb I msMÉvg
L cÉGk²i DwÚi gvaÅGg eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi Avcmnxb I KGiGQb| webvwePvGi ivRew±`Gì KvivMvGi AvUK ivLvi cÉwZevG`
`†pGPZv eÅwÚGZ½i cwiPq cvIqv hvq| wZwb Abkb agÆNUI cvjb KGib| ˆ`k I ˆ`Gki gvbyGli cGÞ
eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb wQGjb ‰KRb Av`kÆ ˆ`kGcÉwgK| A^Ævr wbR RvwZmîvi cGÞ wZwb msMÉvg KGiGQb| wK¯§ DóxcGKi
‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq ewYÆZ nGqGQ, 1952 mvGj cvwKÕ¦vb miKvi K‡úvã ˆbZv ˆbjmb ˆgG´£jv eYÆ‹elgÅ I ˆkvlGYi wei‚G«¬ AvRxeb
webvwePvGi ‰G`Gki AGbK ˆbZvKgÆxGK ˆRGj AvUK KGi ivGL| msMÉvg KGiGQb| wZwb AvwdÌKvi KvGjv gvbylGì AwaKvi Av`vGqi
cvwKÕ¦vb miKvGii ‰gb bxwZi cÉwZevG` eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb RbÅ e«¬cwiKi wQGjb| AZ‰e, “ˆbjmb ˆgG´£jvi AvG±`vjb wQj
I gwnDwób Avng` Abkb agÆNU cvjGbi wm«¬v¯¦ MÉnY KGib| eYÆevGì wei‚G«¬ Avi ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq ˆkL gywReyi
miKvi hZw`b bv ‰G`Gki ˆbZvKgÆxGì gywÚ ˆ`Ge ZZw`b ZuvGì ‰B ingvGbi AvG±`vjb wQj RvwZmîvi cGÞ|” @ DwÚwU h^v^Æ|
7. îBbGKvU
cÉk²  27 XvKv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 3 N ˆKej gywÚGhv«¬vGì ˆMwijv AvKÌgGYi w`KwU DGV Avmvq ejv
Kwjgwó `dv`vGii êvWÆ Awdm kxZjÞÅvi ZxGii evRvGi| b`xi hvq ˆh, DóxcKwUGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i AvswkK eÚeÅ cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ|
‰cvGi-IcvGi êk wKQy eGov eGov KjKviLvbv| ‰àGjv kvmGbi ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ˆjLK gywÚhyG«¬i wewf®² welGqi K^v DGÍÏL
myweavG^Æ ‰K`j LvbGmbv evRvimsj™² nvB Õ•zjwUGK QvDwb KGi KGiGQb| wZwb gywÚhyG«¬i welqwU ZzGj aiGjI ˆKej hyG«¬i eYÆbv
wbGqGQ| ˆKvGbv ˆKvGbv ivGZ àwjwewbgq nq| ˆKv^v nGZ ˆKvb cG^ bv w`Gq hy«¬Kvjxb wewf®² cwiwÕ©wZiI AeZviYv KGiGQb| ˆjLK
ˆKgb KGi gywÚGdŒR AvGm, AvKÌgY KGi ‰es cÉwZ AvKÌgY KiGj gywÚhyG«¬i fve cÉKvk KiGjI ‰i weÕ¦‡Z cwiwÕ©wZi mw®²Gek
ˆKv^vq nvIqv nGq hvq, LvbGmbviv Zvi inmÅ ˆf` KiGZ cvGi bv| NwUGqGQb MÍ¸wUGZ| ˆmLvGb hyG«¬i fqvenZv cÉKvGki cvkvcvwk
K. ‘elÆvKvGjB ˆZv Ryr’@ K^vwU ˆK eGjwQj? A 1 mgmvgwqK mvgvwRK cwiwÕ©wZiI AeZviYv KGiGQb|
L. “ivwkqvq wQj ˆRbvGij DB´Ÿvi, AvgvGì ˆRbvGij gbmyb”@ DóxcGK gywÚhyG«¬i ‰KwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ Aven ZzGj aiv nGqGQ| ‰KwU
eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2 ‰jvKvq cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi AvMgb ‰es gywÚevwnbxi cÉwZGivGai
M. DóxcKwUi ˆklvsGki eÚeÅ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb welqwU w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ DóxcKwUGZ| ‰LvGb DGV ‰GmGQ gywÚevwnbxi
wbG`Æk KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 3 mvnmx ˆMwijv AvKÌgGYi w`KwU| ZvGì AZwKÆZ nvgjvq wechÆÕ¦ nGq
N. “DóxcKwUGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i AvswkK eÚeÅ cÉKvwkZ cGo cvwKÕ¦vwbiv| ‰ welqàGjv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸I VuvB ˆcGqGQ| wK¯§
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ wek¼vmNvZK wcÉbwmcÅvj mvGne, fxZz ˆjKPvivi byi‚j
nGqGQ|”@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn AvGjvPbv KGiv| A 4
ü`vmn AviI wKQy welq DGV ‰GmGQ, hv DóxcGK wPòvwqZ nqwb|
DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gƒj DcRxeÅ nGœQ gywÚhy«¬| wK¯§ MGÍ¸i
K ‘elÆvKvGjB ˆZv Ryr’@ K^vwU eGjwQj Kzwji êkavix ‰K gywÚGhv«¬v|
 welqeÕ§i weÕ¦‡wZi w`KUv wf®²| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ îBbGKvUwU cÉZxKx
L ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i mgq gywÚGhv«¬vGì RbÅ elÆv FZzi AG^Æ eÅen†Z nGqGQ| gywÚGhv«¬v kÅvjGKi îBbGKvU MvGq w`Gq fxZz
mnvqK f„wgKvi welqwU êvSvGZ cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU ejv nGqGQ| byi‚j ü`vi gGaÅ ˆh mvnm I ˆ`kGcÉg RvMÉZ nq Zvi cÉK‡wZ eÅvLÅv
BwZnvm ˆ^GK Rvbv hvq, w«¼Zxq wek¼hyG«¬i mgq ZxeË kxGZi KeGj Kiv nGqGQ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸| ‰Qvov wek¼vmNvZK wcÉbwmcÅvj mvGne
cGo RvgÆvb evwnbx ivwkqvq chÆ‚`Õ¦ nGqwQj| MÍ¸Kvi kxZ FZzGK ‰es cvwKÕ¦vwb wgwjUvwii wbgÆgZvi cvkvcvwk mvgvwRK AwÕ©iZvi
wPòI ZzGj aiv nGqGQ MÍ¸wUGZ| wK¯§ DóxcKwUGZ ‰gb ˆKvGbv
ZvB ˆRbvGij DBbUvi eGjGQb| evsjvG`Gki gywÚhyG«¬i mgq elÆv
cÉmã ˆbB| ZvB cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU h^v^Æ I ˆhŒwÚK|
FZzi KviGY cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbx ‰KBfvGe chÆy`Õ¦ nGqwQj| evsjvi
cÉej So-e†wÓ¡i mvG^ nvbv`vi evwnbxi cwiPq wQj bv| dGj ZvGì cÉk²  28 PëMÉvg êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 3
gywÚGhv«¬vGì cvkvcvwk elÆv FZzi mvGÎ joGZ nGqwQj| ˆKv^v nGZ ˆKvb cG^ ˆKgb KGi gywÚGdŒR AvGm, AvKÌgY KGi ‰es
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ elÆv FZzGK ZvB ivwkqvi ˆRbvGij DBbUvGii cÉwZ AvKÌgY KGi ˆKv^vq nvIqv nGq hvq, LvbGmbviv Zvi inmÅ ˆf`
mvG^ Zzjbv KGi ˆRbvGij gbmyb ejv nGqGQ| KiGZ cvGi bv| KLGbv KLGbv LZibvK AeÕ©vi gGaÅ coGZ nq|
M DóxcGKi ˆklvsGki eÚeÅ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆMwijv AvKÌgGYi nvU-evRvGii ˆjvKRb, wgj-dÅvÙwii kÉwgK, ˆ`vKvb`vi, Õ•zjgvÕ¡vi,
w`KwU wbG`Æk KGi| A Qvò@ mKjGK KvZview±` KGi e±`yGKi bj DuwPGq wRævmv KiGQ,
gywÚhyG«¬i mgqKvi XvKvi cwiwÕ©wZ eYÆbv Kiv nGqGQ ‘îBbGKvU’ “gywÚ wKavi nÅvq êvGjv|” ‰K Dîi@ Iiv RvGb bv|
MGÍ¸| gywÚGhv«¬viv hyG«¬i ˆkl chÆvGq XvKvq ˆMwijv AvKÌgY ÷i‚ K. “DI Avc wn Kn mKZv|”@ DwÚwU Kvi? A 1
KGi| ‰iB avivevwnKZvq Zviv XvKv KGjGRi mvgGbi UÇv´ÖdgÆvi L. “Uzwci ˆZR wK cvwbGZI jvMj bvwK?”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| A 2
àuwoGq ˆ`q| KviY KGjGRi wRgbÅvwkqvGg wQj wgwjUvwi KÅvÁ·| M. “‰w`GK bvwK ˆbŒKv KGi PGj AvGm ˆÕ¡bMvbIqvjv ˆQvKivi
‰Z KvGQ ‰Gm AvKÌgY KiGjI gywÚGhv«¬vGì ˆKvGbv ˆLuvR cvIqv `j|”@ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ‰ cÉmãwU DóxcGKi welGqi
ˆhZ bv| mvG^ KxfvGe mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 3
N. “DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸ Dfq ˆÞGòB ˆMwijvhyG«¬i
DóxcGKI gywÚGhv«¬vGì `ytmvnwmK AwfhvGbi wPò ZzGj aiv
ˆMŒieMv^v ewYÆZ nGqGQ|”@ h^v^ÆZv hvPvB KGiv| A 4
nGqGQ| gywÚGhv«¬viv AZwKÆZ nvgjv Pvjvq cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi
evwnbxi Ici| Zviv cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi Ici ˆh fqven AvKÌgY
Pvjvq Zvi Abyi…c wPò dzGU DGVGQ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸| gywÚGhv«¬vGì K “DI Avc wn Kn mKZv”@ DwÚwU wcÉbwmcÅvGji wcqb BmnvK
AvKÌgGY w`Gknviv nGq hvq cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbx| wK¯§ cvÎŸv AvKÌgGYi wgqvi|
RbÅ Zviv gywÚGhv«¬vGì LyuGR ˆcZ bv| gywÚGhv«¬vGì ‰gb Amxg  L gywÚGhv«¬vi îBbGKvU cwiavb KGi fxZz byi‚j ü`vi gvGS ˆh
mvnwmKZv ‰es ZvGì ˆMwijv AvKÌgGYi welqwU wbG`Æk Kiv nGqGQ mvnGmi mçvi NGUGQ ZviB cÉwZdjb êvSvGZ cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU Kiv
DóxcGKi ˆklvsGki eÚGeÅ ‰es ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸| nGqGQ|
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆK±`Êxq Pwiò KGjR wkÞK byi‚j ü`v fxZz kò‚Gì eÅvcKZi a»smmvab mÁ¿e nGZv| ˆMwijv ˆhv«¬viv
cÉK‡wZi gvbyl| kÅvjK gywÚhyG«¬ ˆhvM ˆÌqvi ci fGq ˆm Pvievi AvKwÕÃK AvKÌgGY kò‚Gì eÅwZeÅÕ¦ KGi ZzjZ ‰es ZvGì gvGS
evwo e`j KGiGQ| cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi fGq meÆ`v ˆm fxZ I fGqi mçvi KiZ| DóxcK I AvGjvPÅ MÍ¸ Dfq ˆÞGòB ˆMwijv
m¯¨Õ¦ nGq ^vGK| ‰Kw`b kÅvjK wg´Ÿzi îBbGKvU cwiavb KGi ˆm ˆhv«¬vGì exiGZ½i K^v ewYÆZ nGqGQ| DcwiDÚ AvGjvPbvi ˆcÉwÞGZ
mvnmx nGq IGV| ‰KRb gywÚGhv«¬vi îBbGKvU KxfvGe gvbyGli ejv hvq, cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
gvGS mvnm, DúZv I ˆ`kGcÉGgi mçvi KGi@ ZviB eÅébvgq
cÉKvk NGUGQ cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUi gaÅ w`Gq|
gywÚhy«¬ PjvKvGj ‰KwU Qvòvevm ˆ^GK wgwjUvwiiv mväv`GK ZzGj
M cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU «¼viv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi
wbGq hvq| AgvbweK wbhÆvZb PvwjGq Zviv Zvi wcZvi m®¬vb Pvq|
Ici gywÚGhv«¬vGì AvKwÕÃK AvKÌgGYi welqwUi cÉwZ BwãZ Kiv
ÞZ-weÞZ nGqI mväv` bxie ^vGK| gGb cGo evevi ˆkl
nGqGQ, hvi mGã DóxcGKi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| A
DcG`k, “RxeGbi ˆPGq ˆ`k AGbK eGov|” wbGRGK ‰KRb
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚGhv«¬v KZ‡ÆK cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxGK ˆ`kGcÉgx gywÚGhv«¬vi m¯¦vb gGb Kivq Zvi eyK dzGj IGV|
cÉwZnZ Kivi welqwU dzGU DGVGQ| XvKvGK kò‚gyÚ KiGZ Zi‚Y
K. “ˆmB ˆPvL fiv fq, ˆKej fq”@ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ˆKvb
gywÚGhv«¬viv ˆKŒkGj cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`viGì Ici AvKÌgY PvjvZ|
ˆPvGLi K^v ejv nGqGQ? A 1
wKQy eyGS IVvi AvGMB gyügyÆü AvKÌgGY kò‚Gì wechÆÕ¦ KGi ˆZvjv
L. “ˆWÈwms UweGji mvgGb ùvwoGq wbGRi bZzbi…Gc ˆm fÅvevPÅvKv
wQj gywÚGhv«¬vGì hy«¬GKŒkj| Zviv XvKvi evBGi ˆ^GK ˆbŒKvq
Lvq|”@ ˆK, ˆKb fÅvevPÅvKv Lvq? A 2
KGi ‰Gm AcvGikb mÁ·®² KGi Avevi PGj ˆhZ|
M. DóxcGKi mväv` ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^
DóxcGKI gywÚGhv«¬vGì AvKwÕÃK AvKÌgGYi DGÍÏL iGqGQ| Zzjbxq? Zzjbvi ˆhŒwÚKZv ZzGj aGiv| A 3
gywÚGhv«¬vGì ˆMwijv AvKÌgGY kò‚evwnbx w`Gknviv nGq cGo| AGbK N. mvävGì ˆPZbv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gƒjfveGK KZLvwb
ˆPÓ¡v KGiI gywÚevwnbxi AvKÌgGYi ‰B inmÅ Zviv ˆf` KiGZ cvGi aviY KGi eGj Zzwg gGb KGiv? ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ
bv| gywÚGhv«¬vGì ˆKŒkGji KvGQ bvÕ¦vbvey` nGq cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi DcÕ©vcb KGiv| A 4
AGbKGK cÉvY nvivGZ nq| gywÚGhv«¬vGì hy«¬ ˆKŒkj ˆ`Gki
Õ¼vaxbZvGK Z½ivw®¼Z KGiwQj| gywÚGhv«¬vGì AvKwÕÃK AvKÌgGYi
ˆKŒkGji w`K ˆ^GK AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i mvG^ DóxcGKi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| K “ˆmB ˆPvL fiv fq, ˆKej fq”@ DwÚwUGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸
evGmi Z^vKw^Z wKÌwgbvj ˆjvK `yGUvi gGaÅ m`Ævi UvBGci ˆjvGKi
N “DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸ Dfq ˆÞGòB ˆMwijvhyG«¬i ˆMŒieMv^v
ˆPvGLi K^v ejv nGqGQ| A
ewYÆZ nGqGQ”@ DwÚwU h^v^Æ| A
L byi‚j ü`v ‰KRb gywÚGhv«¬vi îBbGKvU cwiavb Kivq cvwKÕ¦vwb
gywÚhyG«¬i cUf„wgGZ iwPZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ˆMwijv ˆhv«¬vGì
ˆmbviv ZuvGKI gywÚGhv«¬v ˆfGe AvKÌgY KiGZ cvGi ˆfGe wZwb
exiGZ½i K^v DGÍÏL iGqGQ| gywÚhyG«¬i ˆkl chÆvGq XvKvq ˆMwijv
AvZwâZ nGqGQb| A
AvKÌgY ÷i‚ nq| ˆMwijv ˆhv«¬vGì jÞÅ wQj AvKwÕÃK AvKÌgGY
kò‚`jGK wechÆÕ¦ KGi ˆÌqv ‰es ˆ`Gki weRqGK Z½ivw®¼Z Kiv| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i cÉavb Pwiò KGjR wkÞK byi‚j ü`v fxZz cÉK‡wZi
AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸ ˆ`Lv hvq Kzwji Q«ÂGek aviY KGi gywÚGhv«¬viv gvbyl| KGjGRi wcÉbwmcÅvGji wbG`ÆGk cÉej e†wÓ¡i gvGSI KGjGR
Še`yÅwZK UÇv´ÖdgÆvi a»sm KGi| AvKwÕÃK AvKÌgY KGi Zviv hvIqvi RbÅ cÉÕ§Z nb wZwb| e†wÓ¡i KviGY gywÚGhv«¬v kÅvjGKi
cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxGK AwZÓ¤ KGi ˆZvGj| îBbGKvU cwiavb Kivq ZuvGKI gywÚGhv«¬vi gGZvB jvMwQj| ‰
AeÕ©vq cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbx ZuvGK gywÚGhv«¬v ˆfGe ˆMÉµ¦vi KiGZ
DóxcGK ˆMwijv hyG«¬i ˆMŒieMv^v ewYÆZ nGqGQ| gywÚGhv«¬viv
cvGi| ZvB ˆWÈwms ÛweGji mvgGb ùvwoGq wbGRi bZzb i…c ˆ`GL
kò‚Gì ˆgvKvwejv Kivi RbÅ ˆMwijv hy«¬GKŒkj AejÁ¼b KGiwQj|
wZwb fÅvevPÅvKv ˆLGq hvb|
mÁÃyL hyG«¬i ˆPGq ˆMwijv AvKÌgY wQj êwk djcÉmƒ| DóxcGK jÞ
Kiv hvq, AvKwÕÃK AvKÌgGY gywÚGhv«¬viv kò‚‹mbÅGì nZÅv KGi  M DóxcGKi mväv` ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`v PwiGòi mGã
‰es kò‚Gì cÉwZ AvKÌgGYi cƒGeÆB Zviv wbivc` Õ©vGb AvkÉq ˆbq| Zzjbxq| A
kZ ˆPÓ¡v KGiI nvbv`vi evwnbx gywÚGhv«¬vGì ‰B inmÅ ˆf` ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i K^K byi‚j ü`v fxZz cÉK‡wZi gvbyl| gywÚGhv«¬v
KiGZ cvGi bv| gywÚGhv«¬vGì ‰B ˆKŒkjMZ AvKÌgY AvgvGì kÅvjGKi îBbGKvU MvGq w`Gq mvaviY fxZz cÉK‡wZi KGjR wkÞGKi
weRqGK Z½ivw®¼Z KGiwQj| gvGS mçvwiZ nq DúZv, mvnm I ˆ`kGcÉg| ˆ`kGcÉGg D«¼y«¬ nGq ZvB
DóxcK ‰es AvGjvPÅ MÍ¸ Dfq ˆÞGòB ˆMwijvhyG«¬i ˆMŒieMv^v cvwKÕ¦vwbGì kZ wbhÆvZGbi ciI gywÚGhv«¬v kÅvjK mÁ·GKÆ ˆKvGbv
ewYÆZ nGqGQ| cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx wQj cÉwkwÞZ ‰es AGÕ¨kGÕ¨ Z^Å cÉKvk KGibwb byi‚j ü`v|
mymwäZ| gywÚGhv«¬vGì ˆPGq Zviv wQj AwaK kwÚkvjx| ZvB DóxcGKi mväv` ‰KRb exi gywÚGhv«¬vi m¯¦vb| gywÚhy«¬ PjvKvGj
gywÚGhv«¬viv cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbxi wei‚G«¬ ˆMwijv AvKÌgGYi wgwjUvwiiv ZvGK ˆMÉµ¦vi KGi ‰es wcZvi m®¬vb ˆPGq Zvi Ici
cwiKÍ¸bv MÉnY KGi| kò‚i wei‚G«¬ mÁÃyL mgi AGcÞv ˆMwijv AgvbweK wbhÆvZb Pvjvq| RxeGbi ˆPGq ˆ`k eGov, wcZvi ‰B DcG`k
AvKÌgY wQj AwaK KvhÆKix| ‰i gvaÅGg ˆKŒkGj Kg kwÚ eÅq KGi ÕÃiY KGi kZ wbhÆvZGbI ˆm ˆKvGbv Z^Å cÉKvk KGiwb| eis wbGRGK
‰KRb gywÚGhv«¬vi m¯¦vb ˆfGe MGeÆ Zvi eyK dzGj IGV| AvGjvPÅ 30 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`v PwiGòI Abyi…c ˆ`kGcÉg I Avñxq gywÚGhv«¬vi bvg  K wgwjUvwi cv´£v wcÉbwmcÅvGji ˆPqvGi eGm wQj|A
ˆMvcb ivLvi cÉeYZv jÞ Kiv hvq| ZvB ejv hvq, ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i
L cvwKÕ¦vwb wgwjUvwiGì wbhÆvZb byi‚j ü`vi KvGQ ‘ˆmÉd DrcvZ’
byi‚j ü`v PwiGòi mGã DóxcGKi mvävGì mv`†kÅ iGqGQ|
eGj gGb nq| A
N ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gƒjK^v nGjv ˆ`kGcÉGgi ˆPZbvGK n†`Gq jvjb
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ˆ`Lv hvq, gywÚGhv«¬viv XvKv KGjGRi mvgGb Še`yÅwZK
Kiv, hvi mGã DóxcGKi mvävGì ˆPZbvq wgj iGqGQ|
UÇv´ÖdgÆvi a»sm KGi ˆ`q| ‰ NUbvi cwiGcÉwÞGZ cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbx
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚGhv«¬vi îBbGKvU cwiavb KGi fxZz cÉK‡wZi KGjGRi wkÞKGì Zje KGi ‰es ZvGì gGaÅ byi‚j ü`v I Ave`ym
‰KRb gvbyGli mvnmx nGq IVvi eÅébvgq cÉKvk NGUGQ| îBbGKvGUi mvîvi g†avGK ˆMÉµ¦vi KGi wbhÆvZb PvwjGq gywÚGhv«¬vGì m®¬vb cvIqvi
cÉfvGe byi‚j ü`vi gvGS ˆ`kGcÉGgi mçvi NGUGQ| gywÚGhv«¬vGì mGã ˆPÓ¡v KGi| gywÚGhv«¬v kÅvjGKi îBbGKvU cwiavb Kivi dGj byi‚j
Zuvi AuvZvGZi AwfGhvGM wZwb Avbw±`Z nb ‰es gywÚGhv«¬vGì mvG^
ü`vi gvGS mvnm I ˆ`kGcÉGgi mçvi NGU| wgwjUvwiiv Zvi mGã
‰KvñZv Abyfe KGib| Avi ZvB cÉPí wbhÆvZGbI wZwb kÅvjK
gywÚGhv«¬vGì mÁ·†ÚZvi AwfGhvM KiGj byi‚j ü`v MeÆ Abyfe KGi|
gywÚGhv«¬vi ˆKvGbv Z^Å kò‚Gì KvGQ cÉKvk KGibwb| A
gywÚGhv«¬vGì mGã AuvZvZ ivLvi DGîRbvq cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvGì
DóxcGKi mväv` ˆ`kGcÉGgi Av`GkÆ D`&ey«¬| ‰KRb ˆ`kGcÉgx PveyGKi evwo Zvi KvGQ ‘ˆmÉd DrcvZ’ eGj gGb nq|
gywÚGhv«¬vi ˆPZbvGK ˆm A¯¦Gi jvjb KGi| ZvB kò‚Gì wbhÆvZGb
ÞZ-weÞZ nGjI gywÚGhv«¬v wcZvi ˆKvGbv Z^Å ˆm kò‚Gì ˆ`qwb|  M DóxcGKi ‘ˆPvL euvav, nvZ euvav AveQv gvbyl’ ejGZ ‘îBbGKvU’
Avcb RxeGbi ˆPGq ˆ`Gki gƒjÅ êwk@ ‰B welqwU ˆm Dcjwº¬ MGÍ¸ i mvaviY gvbyGli Ici cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi wbgÆgZvi K^v
KiGZ ˆcGiwQj| ZvB gywÚGhv«¬vGì iÞvq ˆm wbGRi Rxeb wemRÆb êvSvGbv nGqGQ| A
w`GZ cÉÕ§Z nGqwQj| ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU gywÚhyG«¬i mgqKvi XvKvi cwiwÕ©wZ wbGq iwPZ|
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`v ‰es DóxcGKi mväv` DfqB ‰ MGÍ¸ wee†Z nGqGQ cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi eeÆi wbcxob I nZÅvhGæi
ˆ`kGcÉGgi ˆPZbvGK n†`Gq jvjb KGiGQ| gywÚhyG«¬i mgq ‰ gGaÅ XvKv knGii AvZâMÉÕ¦ RxeGbi wPò| cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbx
ˆ`Gki gvbyl cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbgÆg wbcxob I wbhÆvZb gywÚGhv«¬vGì mGã ˆMvcb AuvZvGZi AwfGhvGM KGjR wkÞK byi‚j
mnÅ KGiGQ| cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx mvaviY gvbyGli Ici ü`v I Ave`ym mvîvi g†avGK ˆMÉµ¦vi KGi ‰es wbhÆvZb PvwjGq
bvbvfvGe wbhÆvZb I AZÅvPvi KGi gywÚGhv«¬vGì m®¬vb cvIqvi gywÚGhv«¬vGì m®¬vb cvIqvi ˆPÓ¡v KGi|
ˆPÓ¡v KGiGQ| wK¯§ RxeGbi gvqv ZÅvM KGi Zviv gywÚGhv«¬vGì DóxcGK ‰ ˆ`Gki mvaviY gvbyGli Ici cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi
iÞv KGiGQ| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`v ‰es DóxcGKi mväv` wbhÆvZGbi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| gywÚhyG«¬i mgq cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbx ‰
ˆmB AvñZÅvMx gvbylGì cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGiGQ| ‘îBGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ˆ`Gki wbixn gvbylGì ˆMÉµ¦vi KGi ˆPvL-nvZ-cv êuGa gvbwmK wbhÆvZb
ˆ`kGcÉGg D`&ey«¬ byi‚j ü`vi KvGQ ZvB cvwKÕ¦vwbGì PveyGKi evwo PvwjGq ZvGì nZÅv KiZ| DóxcGK cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi ‰gb
ˆKejB wbQK DrcvZ gGb nGqGQ| DóxcGKi mväv` wbGRGK wbhÆvZGbi wPòB cwijwÞZ nq| AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸I ˆ`Lv hvq, wgwjUvwiiv
gywÚGhv«¬vi m¯¦vb ˆfGe MweÆZ nGqGQ| ZvB ejv hvq, mvävGì byi‚j ü`v I Ave`ym mvîviGK ˆPvL êuGa wRGc ZzGj UPÆviGmGj wbGq
ˆPZbv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gƒjfveGK mÁ·ƒYÆi…Gc aviY KGiGQ| hvq ‰es cvkweK wbhÆvZb Pvjvq| ZvB ejv hvq, cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU «¼viv
DóxcK ‰es AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸ ‰G`kxq mvaviY gvbyGli Ici LvbGmbvGì
wbhÆvZb I wbgÆgZvi K^v êvSvGbv nGqGQ|
“auv KGi ‰KwU UÇvK hvGœQ QyGU, AvGivnx K’Rb
ˆPvL euvav, nvZ euvav AveQv gvbyl N DóxcGK DGV Avmv wgwjUvwiGì eeÆGivwPZ AvPiY ‘îBbGKvU’
cvGk ivBGdjavix cvévwe ŠmwbK| MGÍ¸i cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi eeÆiZvGKB ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q| A
Qvò bB, gywÚGmbv bB ˆKvGbv, Zey ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i mgq cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi wbcxob I
nVvr nÅv´£m Avc eGj nZÅvhGæi wPò AwâZ nGqGQ| gywÚhyG«¬i mgq cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`viiv ‰
ˆÕ¡bMvb nvGZ Avi cÉk² ˆ`q QyuGo Nvo aGi@ ˆ`Gki AmsLÅ wbixn gvbylGK nZÅv KGi| MGÍ¸i K^GKi eYÆbv ˆ^GK
evOvwjGnv Zzg?” Rvbv hvq, gvbyl nZÅvi cvkvcvwk cvwKÕ¦vwbiv evwoNi, nvU-evRvi, MÉvg
K. wgwjUvwi cv´£v ˆKv^vq eGm wQj? A 1 R¾vwjGq ˆ`q| ‰gbwK gmwRGì AvRvbiZ gyqvwäbGKI àwj KGi nZÅv
L. byi‚j ü`vi KvGQ ˆKvb welqwUGK ‘ˆmÉd DrcvZ’ eGj gGb nq? KGi| ZrKvjxb cwiwÕ©wZGZ cvwKÕ¦vwbGì nZÅvhæ ˆ^GK mgvGRi
eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2 ˆKvGbv ˆkÉwYi gvbylB învB cvqwb|
M. DóxcGKi ‘ˆPvL euvav, nvZ euvav AveQv gvbyl’ ejGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ DóxcGK cvwKÕ¦vwb wgwjUvwiGì wbhÆvZGbi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| DóxcGK
MGÍ¸ KvGì K^v êvSvGbv nGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| A3 ˆ`Lv hvq, UÇvGK KGi cvévwe ŠmwbKiv ˆPvL I nvZ êuGa gvbylGì aGi
N. “DóxcGK wgwjUvwiGì eeÆGivwPZ nZÅvhGæi Qwe ˆhb wbGq hvGœQ| ivÕ¦vi wbiciva gvbylGK e±`yK DuwPGq wRævmvev` KiGQ|
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i cÉwZœQwe|” eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 4 cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`viiv gywÚhyG«¬i mgq wbweÆPvGi evOwjGì nZÅv KGiwQj,
PvwjGqwQj eÅvcK a»smhæ I jyUZivR| evOvwj RvwZGK wbwøn× KGi 25ˆk gvPÆ ivZ ˆ^GK Zviv wbqwgZ MYnZÅv PvjvGZ ^vGK| ‰i ˆ^GK
ˆdjvi DGókÅ wbGq cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`viiv gvbyl nZÅvi DrmGe ˆgGZ învB cvq bv Avhvb w`GZ ^vKv gmwRGì ˆgvqvwäb chÆ¯¦| Zviv bvix-
DGVwQj| DóxcGK ‰ welqwUB wPwòZ nGqGQ| wk÷-e†«¬ wbweÆGkGl mKj ˆkÉwYi gvbylGK wbweÆPvGi nZÅv KGiGQ|
‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸ ‰es DóxcK Dfq ˆÞGòB cvwKÕ¦vwb wgwjUvwiGì ˆhgbwU jÞ Kiv hvq DóxcGKi NUbvq|
eeÆGivwPZ nZÅvhGæi wPò ˆ`Lv hvq| 25ˆk gvPÆ KvjivGZ wbiÕ¨ DóxcGK cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbx KZÆ‡K ‰K ivLvj evjKGK àwj KGi
evOvwjGì Ici AvKwÕÃKfvGe SuvwcGq cGo cvwKÕ¦vb ˆmbvevwnbx| nZÅv Kivi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| wbixn ivLvj evjK w`b ˆkGl Mi‚ wbGq
AmsLÅ gvbylGK Zviv nZÅv KGi, evwoNi jyU KGi eÅvcK a»smhæ evwo wdiwQj| wK¯§ wbgÆg cvwKÕ¦vwb ŠmGbÅi e±`yGKi àwj ˆ^GK ˆm
Pvjvq| Zviv wbiciva gvbylGK evwo ˆ^GK ZzGj wbGq nZÅv KGi învB cvqwb| ZvGì AvPiY wQj wnsmÉ c÷i ˆPGqI N†YÅ| Zviv
KLGbv jvk b`xGZ fvwmGq w`GqGQ, KLGbv ‰KmGã AGbK giG`n ‰G`Gki gvbylGK ‰ZUvB ZzœQ gGb KiZ ˆh mvgvbÅ KviGYB nZÅv
gvwUPvcv w`GqGQ| AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸ ˆ`Lv hvq, byi‚j ü`vi wei‚G«¬ KiZ| ‰i…c wbgÆgZvi cÉwZdjb mgvbfvGe jÞ Kiv hvq DóxcK I
gywÚGhv«¬vGì mGã AuvZvGZi AwfGhvM ZzGj ˆMÉµ¦vi Kiv nq ‰es ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i NUbvq|
eeÆi wbhÆvZb PvjvGbv nq| DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvq, wbiciva mvaviY N ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬ ‰G`Gki RbmvaviGYi fqven

gvbylGK nZÅvi RbÅ UÇvGK KGi ZzGj wbGq hvIqv nGœQ| ˆKej AeÕ©vi K^v wPwòZ nGqGQ|
evOvwj eGj wbiciva gvbylGK wRævmvevGì gyGLvgywL nGZ nGœQ|
‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU iwPZ nGqGQ gywÚhyG«¬i mgqKvi ivRavbx XvKvi
myZivs, mvaviY gvbyGli Ici AZÅvPvGii w`KwU ZzGj aivq
fqven cwiwÕ©wZGK ˆK±`Ê KGi| `xNÆ ˆkvlY-wbcxoGbi ci 1971
DóxcKwU AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸i cÉwZœQwe nGq DGVGQ|
mvGji 25 ˆk gvPÆ wèvMZ ivGZ cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbx Nyg¯¦ knievwmi
cÉk²  31 ivRkvnx êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 4 Ici SuvwcGq cGo| cieZÆxGZ evOvwjiv HKÅe«¬ nGq ZvGì wei‚G«¬
“PKPGK îv`| moGKi DîGi ivBGdj îGéi gGaÅ MvgQv-civ cÉej cÉwZGiva MGo ˆZvGj| wbhÆvZGbi fqvenZv evOvwjGì `wgGq
‰K wKGkvi wZb PviGU Mi‚ ˆLw`Gq wbGq hvGœQ| Zvi gv^vq Qvjv ivLGZ cvGiwb| eyGKi ZvRv iÚ w`Gq Zuviv ‰G`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv wQwbGq
êvSvB Nvm| KuvGa jvOj-ˆRvqvj| mÁ¿eZ ˆm gvV ˆ^GK evwo AvGb|
wdiGQ| ‘gywÚ! gywÚ!’ ‰KRb ŠmwbK wPrKvi KGi IGV| DóxcGK evsjvG`Gki gywÚhyG«¬i evÕ¦e wPò jÞ Kiv hvq| cvwKÕ¦vwbiv
‘Kuvnv? Kuuvnv?@ AcGiiv cÉk² KGi| mÁ·ƒYÆfvGe ‰G`Gki AeKvVvGgv ˆfGO w`GqwQj| evOvwji Rxeb ZvGì
‘Wvnbv Zid ˆ`GLv|’ KvGQ wQj ZzœQ| hyG«¬i mgq c÷-cvwLi gGZv Zviv gvbyl nZÅv KGiGQ|
Kwjgywó `dv`vi mwebGq ejGZ Pvq, ‘gywÚ ˆbwn KÅvG¶Ÿb mve, DGqv DóxcGKi ivLvjGK nZÅv Kivi gvaÅGg ZviB cÉgvY cvIqv hvq|
ivLvj nÅvq, ˆgiv ˆPbvRvbv nÅvq| ‘PzcivI mvGj KvGdi Kv evœPv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i mgq cvwKÕ¦vwbGì AZÅvPvi I nZÅvhGæ
KvGdi| gywÚ, Avjer gywÚ|’ eGjB mKGj ‰KmGã àwj ˆQuvGo| XvKv knGii AwaevmxGì AvZâMÉÕ¦ RxeGbi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| mnR-
‰jvKv ˆKuGc IGV| a»wb cÉwZa»wbZ nGq `ƒGi QwoGq cGo| mij byi‚j ü`v I gmwRGì ˆgvqvwäb ˆhb DóxcGKi wbixn ivLvj
K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU Kvi ˆjLv? 1 evjGKiB cÉwZi…c| ZvGì ‰gb AeÕ©vB eGj ˆ`q mgmvgwqK
L. ‘KÌvK-WvDGbi’ ivGZ Kx NGUwQj? 2 cwiwÕ©wZi fqvenZv| MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`v Pvievi evmv cwieZÆb KGiI
M. DóxcGK ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆh w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ Zv eÅvLÅv Zvi wbqwZGK cvÎŸvGZ cvGiwb| ˆ`Gki RbmvaviY ˆhb wRwÁÃ nGq
KGiv| 3 wMGqwQj ZvGì nvGZ| ˆKvGbv gvbylB ejGZ cviZ bv evwo ˆ^GK êi
N. DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬ nGj Avi wdGi AvmGZ cviGe wKbv| DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i
‰G`Gki RbmvaviGYi AeÕ©v AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 KvwnwbGZ ‰gb AvfvmB cvIqv hvq|
K ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU wjGLGQb- AvLZvi‚ävgvb Bwjqvm|

ewMÆ ‰j LvRbv wbGZ
L KÌvK-WvDGbi ivGZ wbixn evOvwji Ici fqven nZÅvhæ
gvij gvbyl KZ|
PvjvGbv nGqwQj|
cyoj kni cyoj kÅvgj
cvwKÕ¦vb ivÓ¡È cÉwZÓ¤vi ci ˆ^GKB evOvwj ˆkvlY-wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi MÉvg ˆh kZ kZ|
nGZ ^vGK| 1971 mvGji 25 ˆk gvPÆ wèvMZ ivGZ Zv P„ov¯¦ AvKvi nvbv`vGii mGã ˆRvGi
aviY KGi| ‰ mgq cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvevwnbx XvKvi wbiÕ¨ gvbyGli jGo gywÚ ˆmbv
Ici fqven MYnZÅv I a»smhæ cwiPvjbv KGi| ˆm ivGZi ZvGì K^v ˆ`Gki gvbyl
fqvenZv êvSvGZ ‘KÌvK WvDGbi ivZ’ K^vwU ejv nGqGQ| KLGbv fzjGe bv|
M DóxcGK ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i MYnZÅvi w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ|
 K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i K^GKi bvg Kx? 1
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i mgq XvKvi fqven cwiwÕ©wZi K^v DGV L. ‘ivwkqvq wQj ˆRbvGij DBbUvi, AvgvGì ˆRbvGij
‰GmGQ| ˆm mgq XvKvi ˆKvGbv gvbylB wbivc` wQj bv| 1971 mvGji gbmyb’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcKwUGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? weiZ ^vGK kZ AZÅvPvGii ciI| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ‰ iKg bvbv
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 NUbvi gaÅ w`GqB gywÚGmbvGì cÉwZGivGai wPò AwâZ nGqGQ| ZvB
N. “nvbv`vGii mGã ˆRvGi jGo gywÚ ˆmbv@ DóxcGKi ‰B ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK nvb`viGì mGã ˆRvGi jGo
eÚGeÅi gGZv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸I cÉwZGivGai wPò iGqGQ”@ gywÚGmbv”@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
weG`wk ˆmbvi Kvgvb eyGjGU we«¬
K ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i K^GKi bvg byi‚j ü`v|
 bvix, wk÷ Avi hyeK-ˆRvqvb-e†«¬|
L ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i mgq gywÚhy«¬vGì RbÅ elÆvFZzi kò‚ ˆmbviv nZÅvi AwfhvGb
mnvqK f„wgKvi welqwU cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ| gywÚevwnbx cÉwZGivGa DïvGb|
BwZnvm ˆ^GK Rvbv hvq, w«¼Zxq wek¼hyG«¬i mgq cÉPí kxGZi KeGj gywÚi c^ hyG«¬I iq ˆRGb
cGo RvgÆvb evwnbx ivwkqvq chÆ‚`Õ¦ nGqwQj| evsjvG`Gki gywÚhyG«¬i NvZK a»sm KGiGQ AÕ¨ ˆnGb|
mgq elÆvFZzi KviGY cvKevwnbx ‰KBfvGe chÆy`Õ¦ nGqwQj| evsjvi K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU KZ mvGj cÉKvwkZ nq? 1
cÉej So-e†wÓ¡i mvG^ nvbv`vi evwnbxi cwiPq wQj bv| dGj ZvGìGK L. ‘ˆhb e†wÓ¡ coGQ wg´Ÿzi îBbGKvGUi Ici’@ evKÅwU eywSGq
gywÚGhv«¬vGì mvG^ mvG^ elÆvFZzi mvGÎ joGZ nGqwQj| ‘îBbGKvU’ ˆjL| 2
MGÍ¸ elÆvFZzGK ZvB ˆRbvGiGji mvG^ Zzjbv Kiv nGqGQ| M. DóxcGKi ‘weG`wk ˆmbv’ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i KvGì mvG^
Zzjbxq? cvVÅ MGÍ¸ ZvGì ZrciZvi mvG^ DóxcGKi eYÆbvi
M DóxcKwUGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ nvbv`viGì eeÆiZv I
wgjàGjv ZzGj aGiv| 3
evOvwji cÉwZGivGai w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ|
N. “DóxcKwUi ‘gywÚevwnbx’i mvG^ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ
gywÚhyG«¬i mgqKvi XvKvi cwiwÕ©wZ wbGq ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU iwPZ| ‰
gywÚhyG«¬i Õ¼cÞkwÚi eYÆbv AGbKUv mv`†kÅhyÚ nGjI
MGÍ¸ cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi eeÆi wbcxob I nZÅvhGæi gGaÅ XvKv knGii
Šemv`†kÅI iGqGQ”@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4
AvZâMÉÕ¦ RxeGbi wPò AwâZ nGqGQ| ‰KB mGã eÅÚ nGqGQ
kò‚Gmbvi wei‚G«¬ evOvwji hƒê«¬ cÉwZGivGai w`KwU|
DóxcGKi KweZvq nvbv`vi evwnbxi cvkweKZvi w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ| K ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU 1995 mvGj cÉKvwkZ nq|
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Zviv wbweÆPvGi gvbyl ˆgGiGQ| kZ kZ MÉvg, knGii ewÕ¦ I Õ©vcbv L gywÚGmbv wg´Ÿzi îBbGKvUwU cGi fxZz cÉK‡wZi byi‚j ü`vi ˆfZGi
R¾vwjGq w`GqGQ| wK¯§ evOvwjivI ˆ^Gg ^vGKwb eis gywÚi RbÅ jovB ˆh ˆPZbv mçvwiZ nGqwQj Zvi wbLyuZ cwiPq AvGQ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸|
KGi nvbv`viGì ˆ`kQvov KGiGQ| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸I evm ˆ^GK gywÚGhv«¬v kÅvjK wg´Ÿzi îBbGKvUwU civi ci ˆ^GKB fxZz cÉK‡wZi
hvòxGì bvwgGq àwj Kiv, AvRvb ˆÌqvi mgq gyqvwäbGK àwj Kiv I byi‚j ü`vi gvGS mçvwiZ nq mvnm I ˆ`kGcÉGgi ‰K wewPò Abyf„wZ|
gywÚGmbvGì Z^Å RvbGZ wkÞKGK AgvbywlK wbhÆvZGbi wPGòi gvaÅGg gywÚGhv«¬vGì mvG^ byi‚j ü`vi msGhvM ^vKvq ZvGK PveyK w`Gq wcwUGq
nvbv`vi evwnbxi eeÆiZv ZzGj aiv nGqGQ| ‰KB mGã XvKv KGjGRi Z^Å êi Kivi ˆPÓ¡v Pvjvq cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbviv| wK¯§ îBbGKvUwUi
mvgGbi Še`yÅwZK Uv´ÖdgÆvi a»sm, wcÉw´ÖcvGji evwoGZ ˆMÉGbW ˆQvovi KviGY Zvi gvGS ˆh ˆcÉiYvi m†wÓ¡ nGqwQj Zv ˆhb Zvi PveyGKi
gaÅw`Gq evOvwji hƒê«¬ cÉwZGiva wPò dzGU DGVGQ| AvNvZGK fzwjGq w`GqwQj| byi‚j ü`vi KvGQ PveyGKi AvNvGZi eÅvcviwU
N gywÚhyG«¬ nvbv`viGì wei‚G«¬ evOvwji hƒê«¬ cÉwZGivGai AvGjLÅ îBbGKvGUi Ici e†wÓ¡ covi gGZvB Õ¼vfvweK jvMwQj|
‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU| M DóxcGKi ‘weG`wk ˆmbv’ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvGì
‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wUGZ dzGU DGVGQ gywÚhy«¬Kvjxb evsjvG`Gki eügvwòK mvG^ Zzjbxq|
wPò| cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvGì eeÆiZv I gywÚGmbvGì cÉwZGiva@ `yGUvB ‰ ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU gywÚhy«¬Kvjxb XvKvi cwiwÕ©wZ wbGq iwPZ| ‰
MGÍ¸i DcRxeÅ| MGÍ¸ cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi eeÆi wbcxob I nZÅvhGæi gGaÅ XvKv
DóxcGKi KweZvq ewMÆ ejGZ nvbv`vi evwnbxGK êvSvGbv nGqGQ, hviv knGii AvZâMÉÕ¦ RxeGbi wPò AwâZ nGqGQ|
wbweÆPvGi gvbyl ˆgGiGQ| evsjvi gvbyl ZvGì wei‚G«¬ cÉwZGiva MGo DóxcGK cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbcxoGbi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| Zviv
ZzGjGQ| hƒê«¬ jovB KGi nvbv`viGì wbwøn× KGiGQ gywÚGmbviv| Kvgvb I eyGjGUi AvNvGZ evOvwjGì nZÅv KGi| bvix-wk÷-hyeK-e†«¬
‰w`GK ‰KB ˆcÉÞvcU iGqGQ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸I| mevB ZvGì eeÆiZvi wkKvi nq| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸I cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi
‰ MGÍ¸ gywÚGhv«¬vGì ˆMwijv AvKÌgGYi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| evwnbxi wbgÆg AZÅvPvGii eYÆbv cvIqv hvq| MGÍ¸i K^K byi‚j ü`vi
gywÚGhv«¬viv XvKv KGjGRi mvgGbi Še`yÅwZK UÇv´ÖdgÆviwU a»sm KGi eYÆbv ˆ^GK Rvbv hvq, cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx àwj KGi gvbyl nZÅv
ˆ`q| nvbv`viGì ˆ`vmi wcÉw´ÖcvGji evwoGZ ˆMÉGbW ˆQvGo, ˆMU KGi; evwo-Ni, MÉvg, nvU-evRvi R¾vwjGq ˆ`q| ‰gbwK Zviv AvRvbiZ
ˆfGO ˆ`q| elÆvKvGji myweav wbGq ˆMwijv AvKÌgY PvwjGq Kvey KGi gyqvwäbGKI àwj KGi nZÅv KGi| A^Ævr, DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸
cvKevwnbxGK| byi‚j ü`v gywÚGmbvGì Z^Å nvbv`viGì RvbvGbv ˆ^GK DfqGÞGòB nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbgÆgZvi wPò dzGU DGVGQ|
N ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i cÞkwÚGK nvbv`vi evwnbxi `†wÓ¡GKvY 34 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
ˆ^GK ‘wgmwKÌqv´Ÿ’ eGj DGÍÏL Kiv nGqGQ| K ‘wgmwKÌqv´Ÿ’ kGõi A^Æ@ `yÓ•‡ZKvix|
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AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i cÞkwÚ Z^v gywÚGhv«¬v I gywÚhy«¬ mg^ÆbKvix L gywÚGmbv wg´Ÿzi îBbGKvUwU cGi fxZz cÉK‡wZi byi‚j ü`vi ˆfZGi
mvaviY gvbyGli cwiPq dzGU DGVGQ| MGÍ¸i wg´Ÿz I Zvi mnGhv«¬viv ˆh ˆPZbv mçvwiZ nGqwQj Zvi wbLyuZ cwiPq AvGQ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸|
ˆ`kGK kò‚gyÚ KiGZ hyG«¬ AskMÉnY KGi| Avevi, gywÚhy«¬GK mg^Æb gywÚGhv«¬v kÅvjK wg´Ÿzi îBbGKvUwU civi ci ˆ^GKB fxZz cÉK‡wZi
Kivi KviGY byi‚j ü`v I Ave`ym mvîvi g†avi gGZv mvaviY gvbylGìI byi‚j ü`vi gvGS mçvwiZ nq mvnm I ˆ`kGcÉGgi ‰K wewPò Abyf„wZ|
wbgÆg AZÅvPvi mnÅ KiGZ nq| gywÚGhv«¬vGì mvG^ byi‚j ü`vi msGhvM ^vKvq ZvGK PveyK w`Gq wcwUGq
DóxcGK evOvwjGì Ici nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbcxoGbi wPGòi Z^Å êi Kivi ˆPÓ¡v Pvjvq cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbviv| wK¯§ îBbGKvUwUi
cvkvcvwk ZvGì wei‚G«¬ gywÚGhv«¬vGì cÉwZGivawPòI dzGU DGVGQ| KviGY Zvi gvGS ˆh ˆcÉiYvi m†wÓ¡ nGqwQj Zv ˆhb Zvi PveyGKi
‰LvGb ˆhgb nvbv`vi evwnbxKZÆ†K bvix-wk÷-hyeK-e†«¬Gì nZÅvi AvNvZGK fzwjGq w`GqwQj| byi‚j ü`vi KvGQ PveyGKi AvNvGZi eÅvcviwU
eYÆbv iGqGQ, ˆZgwb ˆ`kGK kò‚gyÚ Kivi RbÅ gywÚGhv«¬vGì îBbGKvGUi Ici e†wÓ¡ covi gGZvB Õ¼vfvweK jvMwQj|
cÉwZGivahyG«¬i K^vI iGqGQ| DóxcGKi gywÚevwnbx kò‚i AvÕ¦vbvq M ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ evOvwjGì Ici cvwKÕ¦vwb wgwjUvwiGì wbgÆg
cÉej AvNvZ ˆnGb gywÚi c^ cÉkÕ¦ KGiGQ| wbhÆvZGbi wPò AwâZ nGqGQ|
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gyywÚGhv«¬viv ˆMwijv AvKÌgY KGi cvwKÕ¦vwb gywÚhyG«¬i mgq cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbx AmsLÅ wbixn evOvwji Ici
nvbv`viGì chÆy`Õ¦ KGi ˆZvGj| Kzwj ˆmGR KGjGR XzGK Zviv Še`yÅwZK AZÅvPvi PvwjGqGQ, wbweÆPvGi nZÅv KGiGQ ZvGì| hviv êuGPwQj
UÇv´ÖdgÆvi a»sm KGi| wcÉw´ÖcvGji evmvq ˆMÉGbW QyGo dUK DwoGq ZvivI gvbwmK I kvixwiKfvGe wechÆÕ¦ wQj| bvbviKg wbhÆvZGbi
ˆ`q| MGÍ¸ gywÚGhv«¬vGì ‰B ZrciZvi evBGi ˆh welqwU gyLÅ nGq gaÅ w`Gq Zviv evOvwj RvwZGK cãy I wbtGkl KiGZ ˆPGqwQj|
DGVGQ, Zv nGjv mvaviY gvbyGli gGaÅ gywÚhyG«¬i ˆPZbvi RvMiY| DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ‰i…c wbhÆvZGbi wPò dzGU DGVGQ|
byi‚j ü`v wbgÆg wbhÆvZb mnÅ KGiI gywÚGhv«¬vGì m®¬vb ˆ`qwb| DóxcGK ˆ`Lv hvq, nvbv`vi evwnbxi m`mÅiv evOvwjGì gvwUGZ ˆdGj
gywÚhyG«¬i gnvb ˆPZbv wbGRi gGaÅ jvjb Kivq nvbv`viGì AZÅvPvi ZvGì w`GK ivBGdj ZvK KGi AvGQ| ‰B wPGòi gaÅ w`Gq
Zvi KvGQ wbQK DrcvZ eGj gGb nGqGQ| AbÅw`GK, AvGjvPÅ DóxcGK cvwKÕ¦vwbGì AZÅvPvGii w`KwU Õ·Ó¡ nGq IGV| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸I
gywÚhyG«¬i cÞkwÚi ˆh eYÆbv cvIqv hvq, Zv gywÚGhv«¬vGì KgÆKvG´£i Avgiv nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbgÆg wbhÆvZGbi K^v RvbGZ cvwi| ˆmLvGb
gGaÅB mxgve«¬| ‰LvGb gywÚhy«¬ mg^ÆbKvix mvaviY gvbyGli K^v DGV wgwjUvwiiv ivÕ¦vi me Mvwo ^vwgGq hvòxGì bvwgGq mvwie«¬fvGe ùvo
AvGmwb| byi‚j ü`vi gGZv mvaviY gvbyGlivI gywÚhyG«¬i cÞkwÚ, hviv Kivq| ZvGì Ici ˆÕ¡bMvb ZvK KGi îGL mviv kixi ZÍÏvwk KGi|
‰wKfvGe, DóxcGKi wPGòI wbixn evOvwjGì w`GK ivBGdj ZvK KGi
hyG«¬ AskMÉnY bv KGiI gvbwmKfvGe gywÚGhv«¬vq cwiYZ nGqGQ|
îGL wbhÆvZb PvjvGbvi w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ|
A^Ævr, AvGjvPÅ MGÍ¸ gywÚhyG«¬i cÞkwÚi ˆh eYÆbv cvIqv hvq, Zvi gvò
‰KwU w`K DóxcGK ewYÆZ nGqGQ| ZvB ejv hvq, “DóxcKwUi N DóxcGKi wPGò ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ nvbv`vi evwnbxi
AZÅvPvGii wPòvqb NGUGQ|
‘gywÚevwnbx’i mvG^ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ gywÚhyG«¬i Õ¼cÞkwÚi eYÆbv
AGbKUv mv`†kÅhyÚ nGjI Šemv`†kÅI iGqGQ”@g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ gywÚhy«¬Kvjxb mgGqi fqvenZvi w`KwU ZzGj aiv
nGqGQ| ˆjKPvivi byi‚j ü`v hLb wcÉw´ÖcvGji WvGK KGjGR hvwœQGjb,
cÉk²  34 ewikvj êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 4 ZLb wZwb ˆ`LGZ cvb wgwjUvwiiv evm ˆ^GK hvòxGì bvgvGœQ|
mvwie«¬fvGe ùvo KwiGq ZvGì kixGi ZÍÏvwk PvjvGœQ| KGqKRbGK
Avevi Zviv AbÅ ‰KwU jwiGZ ZzGj wbGœQ|
DóxcGKi wPGòi gvaÅGg evOvwjGì Ici cvwKÕ¦vwbGì AZÅvPvGii
w`KwU DG¯ÃvwPZ nGqGQ| wPGò ˆ`Lv hvq, wgwjUvwiiv evOvwjGì
gvwUGZ ˆdGj w`Gq ZvGì Ici ivBGdj ZvK KGi AvGQ| DóxcGK
gywÚhyG«¬i mgq evOvwjGì Ici cvwKÕ¦vwb wgwjUvwiGì wbgÆg
wbhÆvZb I nZÅvi w`KwU `†kÅgvb nGq DGVGQ|
‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸ I DóxcGKi wPò DfqGÞGòB cvwKÕ¦vwbGì wbgÆg
AZÅvPvGii fqven w`KwUi Ici AvGjvKcvZ Kiv nGqGQ| MGÍ¸ nvbv`vi
K. ‘wgmwKÌqv´Ÿ’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? evwnbx KZÆ†K hvòxGì evm ˆ^GK bvwgGq ZvGì kixGi ZÍÏvwk PvjvGbvi
L. ‘gGb nGœQ ˆhb e†wÓ¡ coGQ îBbGKvGUi Ici’@ DwÚwU welqwU DGV ‰GmGQ| ‰LvGb mivmwi wbhÆvZb bv ˆ`wLGq ZvGì MvwoGZ
«¼viv ˆjLK Kx êvSvGZ ˆPGqGQb? ZzGj ˆbIqvi K^v ejv nGqGQ| DóxcGK nvbv`vi evwnbxGK evOvwjGì
M. wPGò ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆh w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ Zv eÅvLÅv gvwUGZ ˆdGj ZvGì Ici AÕ¨ ZvK KGi ivLGZ ˆ`Lv hvq| ‰GZ MGÍ¸
KGiv| ewYÆZ nvbv`vi evwnbxi AZÅvPvGii eYÆbvGK wPGòi mvnvGhÅ cÉZÅÞxf„Z
N. wPwòZ w`KwU ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i welqeÕ§GK AviI kvwbZ KGi ˆZvjv nGqGQ| AZ‰e ejv hvq, wPwòZ w`KwU ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i
KGiGQ eGj Zzwg gGb KGiv wK? Õ¼cGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| welqeÕ§GK AviI kvwbZ KGiGQ|
11. ZvnvGiB cGo gGb

cÉk²  22 DóxcGKi iðv w«¼Zxq weGq KGi myLx nIqvi ˆPÓ¡v KGiGQ, ZeyI
XvKv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 6
iðv I iZGbi `vÁ·ZÅ Rxeb êk myGL-kvw¯¦GZB KvUwQj| wK¯§ cÉ^g Õ¼vgxGK nvivGbvi ˆkvK KvwUGq DVGZ cvGiwb ˆm| ‰
webv ˆgGN eRÊcvGZi bÅvq giYeÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ nGq g†ZzÅeiY Kij weGePbvq, wKQyUv wf®² AvwãGK nGjI DóxcKwUGZ AvGjvPÅ KweZvi
iZb| KvGji weeZÆGb Rxeb bvGgi ‰KRb fvGjv gvbyGli mvG^ welqeÕ§i QvqvcvZ NGUGQ|
iðvi cybivq weGq nGjI cÉ^g Õ¼vgxi ÕÃ†wZ ‰KgynƒGZÆi RbÅI fzjGZ N ˆkvKvbyf„wZi cÉMvpZvi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi iðv Avi ‘ZvnvGiB
cvGiwb ˆm| ˆKbbv, cÉ^g Õ¼vgx wQj Zvi mKj KvGRi mnGhvMx I cGo gGb’ KweZvi Kwei KÓ¡ ‰KmƒGò Muv^v| A
ˆcÉiYv`vZv| cÉwZ emG¯¦ iðv ZvB cÉ^g Õ¼vgxi K^v weGklfvGe ÕÃiY ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwen†`Gqi ˆkvKvbyf„wZi ewntcÉKvk
KGi bxiGe KuvG`| KviY, Zvi fvGjvevmvi gvbylwU em¯¦KvGji NGUGQ| ZvB mgGqi AveZÆGb cÉK‡wZGZ em¯¦ ‰GjI weinKvZi
cƒeÆjG™²B ZvGK ˆQGo wPiwe`vq wbGqGQ| Kwei KvGQ AvR Zv cÉK‡Z AG^ÆB gƒjÅnxb| ‰K`v cyÓ·, e†Þ, cvwL
K. ‘Kwnj ˆm wÕ²™¬ AuvwL Zzwj’@ Kvi K^v ejv nGqGQ? A 1 Z^v cÉK‡wZi gnvmgvGivGn Kwei Rxeb cƒYÆZv jvf KiGjI ‰Lb
L. ‘cyÓ·kƒbÅ w`MG¯¦i cG^’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? A 2 Zuvi gGb ˆKejB kƒbÅZvGevGai nvnvKvi|
M. DóxcGK ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi welqeÕ§ wf®² AvwãGK DóxcGKi iðvi Õ¼vgx `yivGivMÅ eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ nGq gviv hvq| cGi
DcÕ©vwcZ nGqGQ|@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| A 3 Avevi weGq KiGjI iZGbi ÕÃ†wZ ZvGK meÆ`vB ZvwoGq êovq|
N. “DóxcGKi iðv Avi ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi Kwei ‰KBfvGe, AvGjvPÅ KweZvi Kwei Õ¼vgx Šmq` ˆbnvj ˆnvGmGbi
KÓ¡ ‰KmƒGò Muv^v”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| A 4 g†ZzÅGZ Kwei RxebI welv`gq wiÚZvq fGi IGV| nvnvKvi ˆbGg
22 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi AvGm RxeGbi cÉwZwU AaÅvGq| A^Ævr wcÉqRb nvivGbvi wein-ê`bv
K ‘Kwnj ˆm wÕ²™¬ AuvwL Zzwj’@ PiYwUi gvaÅGg weinKvZi Kwei DfqGKB fvivKÌv¯¦ KGi ˆZvGj|
K^v ejv nGqGQ| A wcÉqRGbi g†ZzÅ Õ¼fveZB gvbyGli n†`qGK ˆkvGK KvZi KGi ˆZvGj|
Avi Zv hw` nq Rxebmãxi g†ZzÅ ZGe Zv AviI êwk ê`bv`vqK
L ‘cyÓ·kƒbÅ w`MG¯¦i cG^’ ejGZ Kwe weeYÆ I wbÓ·ÉvY cÉv¯¦iGK
nGq IGV| AvGjvPÅ KweZvi Kwei Õ¼vgx wQGjb Zuvi mKj KvGRi
eywSGqGQb | A
Drmvn`vZv| ‰gb ‰KRb Rxebmãx nvwiGq Kwe wbgwäZ nb
AvGjvPÅ KweZvwUGZ wbtmã I wbÓ·ÉvY cÉK‡wZ ‰es Kwei ˆPZbv ˆhb mxgvnxb KGÓ¡i mvMGi| dGj em¯¦ ‰GjI KwegGb wkniY RvGM bv
‰Kvñ nGq DGVGQ| ‰ ˆÞGò kxZKvjxb cÉK‡wZ ˆhgb Zvi mRxeZv eis Zuvi n†`q RyGo kxGZi wiÚZv, A^Ævr Õ¼vgx weiGni ê`bvweayi
nvwiGq i‚ÞgƒwZÆ aviY KGiGQ, ˆZgwb ˆkvGK gynÅgvb Kwei ˆPZbvI Abyf„wZB m`v RvMi…K ^vGK| ‰iKg cwiwÕ©wZi m†wÓ¡ nGqGQ
ˆhb wcÉqRGbi PGj hvIqvGK ˆK±`Ê KGi welY²Zvi i…c cwiMÉn DóxcGKi iðvi ˆÞGòI| ZvB cÉvYwcÉq Õ¼vgxi g†ZzÅGZ Zvi myLgq
KGiGQ| Avi ZvB AKvGj AcÉvwµ¦ wbGq Õ¼RGbi PGj hvIqvi ‰ RxeGbi Q±`cZb NGUGQ| ˆm weGePbvq cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
welqwUGK wZwb ‘cyÓ·kƒbÅ w`MG¯¦i cG^’ eGj AwfwnZ KGiGQb|
M wcÉqRb nvivGbvi wein ê`bvGK DcRxeÅ Kivi w`K ˆ^GK cÉk²  23 w`bvRcyi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 7
DóxcGK ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi welqeÕ§i cÉwZdjb NGUGQ| ‰KzGki eBGgjvq cÉwZeQi meyR mvGnGei KweZvi bZzb eB cÉKvwkZ
‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq ÕÃ†wZKvZi eÅwÚgGbi ê`bvi nq| ‰ eQi Zv nqwb| MZ BG` MÉvGgi evwoi cyKzGi WzGe meyR mvGnGei
AvGeMNb cÉKvk NGUGQ| KweZvwUGZ em¯¦-cÉK‡wZi AbylGã fi ‰Kgvò cyò dqmvj gviv hvb| Kwe cyòGkvGK ˆkvKMÉÕ¦| eBGgjv
KGi eÅwÚn†`Gqi ê`bvGevGai AmvaviY AwfeÅwÚ NwUGqGQb Kwe| DcjGÞÅ bZzb eB cÉKvGk KGqKRb cÉKvkK Kwe meyR mvGnGei KvGQ
‰QvovI ‰ KweZvq Kwe mywdqv Kvgvj em¯¦ I kxZ FZzi cÉZxGK cvíywjwc ˆPGqGQb| wK¯§ Kwe KvGiv K^v ivLGZ cvGibwb| A
RxeGbi ˆKvgj I i‚`Ëi…cGK DG¯ÃvPb KGiGQb| K. ‘cv^vi’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? A 1
DóxcGKi iZb nVvr KGiB `yivGivMÅ eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ nGq g†ZzÅeiY L. ‘ˆm fzGjwb ˆZv, ‰GmGQ Zv dvàGb ÕÃwiqv’@ DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ
KGi| Zvi g†ZzÅ Õ¨x iðvi RxeGb Q±`cZb NUvq| cieZÆx mgGq eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2
AvGiKRGbi mGã iðvi weGq nGjI iZGbi K^v ˆm ˆKvGbvfvGeB M. DóxcGKi meyR mvGnGei mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi
fzjGZ cvGiwb| mKj KvGRi ˆcÉiYv`vZv iZGbi ÕÃ†wZ meÆ`vB Zvi Kwei mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| A 3
gbGK AvœQ®² KGi îGLGQ| ‰KBfvGe, AvGjvPÅ KweZvi Kwei Õ¼vgx N. “DóxcK I ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq welY²Zvi myi Õ·Ó¡
Šmq` ˆbnvj ˆnvGmGbiI AvKwÕÃK g†ZzÅ nq| dGj Kwei RxeGb nGqGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| A 4
ˆbGg AvGm kƒbÅZv| mvwnZÅ mvabvi cÉavb mnvqK I Drmvn`vZv 23 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
Õ¼vgxi g†ZzÅ Kwei RxeGb eGq AvGb `ytmn welY²Zv| ‰ ˆÞGò hwÌ K ‘cv^vi’ kGõi A^Æ@ mgy`Ë| A
L eÅwÚ gvbyGli myL-`ytL cÉK‡wZi mnRvZ wbqGg eÅZÅq NUvGZ cÉk²  24 KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 7
cvGi bv@ cÉGk²vÚ cO&wÚwUi gvaÅGg ‰ K^vB cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ| ‘eüw`b cGi gGb cGo AvwR cwÍÏgvGqi ˆKvj,
cÉK‡wZ Zvi Avcb wbqGg m`v cwieZÆbkxj| gvbyGli myL-`ytL SvDkvGL ˆm^v ebjZv euvwa, niGl ˆLGqwQ ˆ`vj|
cÉK‡wZGK cÉfvweZ KiGZ cvGi bv| Avi ZvB wcÉqRGbi ˆkvGK gynÅgvb KzGji KuvUvi AvNvZ mwnqv KuvPv-cvKv Kzj ˆLGq,
Kwe em¯¦eiGYi RbÅ cÉÕ§Z bv nGjI dvÍš~b gvm ÷i‚ nIqvi mvG^ Ag†GZi Õ¼v` ˆhb jwfqvwQ MuvGqi `yjvjx ˆgGq|’ A
mvG^B cÉK‡wZGZ emG¯¦i AvMgb NGUGQ| cÉGk²vÚ cO&wÚwUi gaÅ w`Gq
K. ‘cv^vi’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? A 1
‰ welqwUB gƒZÆ nGq DGVGQ| A
L. ‘KzGnwj Dîix ZGj gvGNi m®²Åvmx|’@ cO&wÚwU eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
M Õ¼Rb nvivGbvi ê`bvweayi Abyf„wZi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi meyR M. DóxcGKi fveeÕ§i mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi
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‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ˆkvGK KvZi Kwe N. DóxcGK ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi gƒjmyi cÉwZdwjZ
Zuvi eÅwÚgGbi `ytLGevGai cÉKvk NwUGqGQb| wcÉq gvbylwUGK nvwiGq nGqGQ wK? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| A 4
Kwe ‰ZUvB ˆkvKvœQ®² nGqGQb ˆh, cÉK‡wZGZ em¯¦ ‰GjI KwegGb
Zv mvov RvMvGZ cviGQ bv| kxGZi wiÚZvi gGZv Kwei gGbI
wcÉqRb nvivGbvi wiÚZv weivRgvb| A K ‘cv^vi’ kGõi A^Æ@ mgy`Ë| A
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DóxcGKi meyR mvGne ‰KRb Kwe| mvaviYZ cÉwZeQiB eBGgjvq  L AvGjvPÅ cO&wÚwUGZ Kwe kxZGK Kzqvkvi Pvì cwiwnZ gvGNi
Zuvi KweZvi eB êi nq| ZGe ‰evGii ˆcÉÞvcU wf®²| ‰Kgvò cyò m®²Åvmxi…Gc KÍ¸bv KGiGQb| A
dqmvGji g†ZzÅGkvGK wZwb KvZi| ‰B n†`qwe`viK NUbv ZuvGK kxZ cÉK‡wZGK ˆ`q wiÚZvi i…c| AvGjvPÅ KweZvwUGZ kxGZi ‰
‰ZUvB AvœQ®² KGi îGLGQ ˆh, ‰evGii eBGgjvq wZwb ˆKvGbv wbtÕ¼ I wiÚ i…cGK emG¯¦i wecixGZ Õ©vcb Kiv nGqGQ| cÉK‡wZ
eBGqi cvíywjwcB cÉÕ§Z KiGZ cvGibwb| ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ emG¯¦i AvMgGb cyÓ·mvGR mvRGjI weinKvZi Kwei gb RyGo
KweZvi KweI ‰KBi…c n†`qhvZbvi wkKvi| wcÉqRGbi AbvKvw›ÞZ iGqGQ kxGZi wiÚZvi Qwe| kxZ ˆhb wiÚ m®²Åvmxi gGZvB Kzqvkvi
cÉÕ©vb ZuvGK welY² KGi ZzGjGQ| Avi ZvB ‰K`v em¯¦-e±`bvq Pvì MvGq còcyÓ·nxb w`MG¯¦i cG^ PGj ˆMGQ| cÉGk²vÚ cO&wÚwUGZ
wbg™² Kwe AvR emG¯¦i AvMgb welGq AeMZ bb| A^Ævr ‘ZvnvGiB meÆMvÉ mx kxGZi ‰ wbÓ·ÉvY i…cwUGKB ZzGj aiv nGqGQ| A
cGo gGb’ KweZv ‰es DóxcGKi Kwe«¼Gqi gGbvhvZbv ‰KB|
M welqMZ w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi fveeÕ§i mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’
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‰w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi meyR mvGnGei mGã ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’
KweZvi fveeÕ§i Šemv`†kÅ cÉZxqgvb nq| A
KweZvi Kwei mv`†kÅ iGqGQ|
‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq ÕÃ†wZKvZi eÅwÚgGbi ê`bvi AvGeMNb
N “DóxcK I ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq welY²Zvi myi Õ·Ó¡”@
cÉKvk NGUGQ| ‰ KweZvq Kwe em¯¦-cÉK‡wZi AbylGã fi KGi
g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ | A
eÅwÚn†`Gqi ê`bvGevGai AmvaviY AwfeÅwÚ NwUGqGQb| ‰QvovI
‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU ê`bv-fvivKÌv¯¦ Kwei ‰Kv¯¦ Abyf„wZ Kwe mywdqv Kvgvj em¯¦ I kxZ FZzi cÉZxGK RxeGbi ˆKvgj I
wbGq iwPZ| ‰ KweZvq wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ˆkvKvbyf„wZ Kwe n†`qGK welv`gq i…c DG¯ÃvPb KGiGQb KweZvwUGZ|
AvœQ®² KGi îGLGQ| Avi ZvB wcÉq emG¯¦i AvMgbI KweGK
DóxcGKi KweZvsGki eYÆbvq AZxZ w`Gbi ÕÃ†wZ îvg¯©Gbi K^v
AvGjvwoZ KiGZ cvGiwb|
dzGU DGVGQ| ‰ KweZvq ÕÃ†wZKvZiZvi AveiGY Kwe Zuvi ŠkkGei
DóxcGK ‰KRb ˆkvKvZzi Kwe meyR mvGnGei K^v ejv nGqGQ|
myLgq w`bàwji eYÆbv w`GqGQb| ‰i gaÅ w`Gq cwÍÏ-cÉK‡wZi cÉwZ
MZ BG` ‰Kgvò cyò dqmvjGK nvivb wZwb| wcÉq cyGòi g†ZzÅGkvGK
Kwei ggZ½Geva cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ| DóxcGKi KweZvskwUGZ dzGU IVv
gynÅgvb Kwe ZvB Avi mvwnZÅ mvabvq g™² nGZ cvGibwb| ‰ KviGY
ÕÃ†wZKvZiZvi ‰ w`KwU ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvGZI ‰KBfvGe
cÉKvkKGì ZvwM` mGî½I ‰evGii eBGgjvq Zuvi ˆKvGbv eB êi
cwijwÞZ nq| ZGe ‰wUB ‰ KweZvi gƒj welq bq eis Kwei
nqwb| ‰KBfvGe, AvGjvPÅ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi KweI Õ¼Rb
eÅwÚgGbi ê`bvGevaB KweZvwUGK ZvrchÆgq KGi ZzGjGQ| ‰w`K
nvivGbvi h¯Ÿvq `™¬|
ˆ^GK DóxcGKi fveeÕ§i mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi
‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwei eÅwÚRxeGbi `ytLgq NUbvi
fveeÕ§i Šemv`†kÅ cÉZxqgvb nq|
QvqvcvZ NGUGQ| Zuvi mvwnZÅ mvabvi cÉavb mnvqK I Drmvn`vZv
Õ¼vgx Šmq` ˆbnvj ˆnvGmGbi AvKwÕÃK g†ZzÅGZ Kwei RxeGb ˆbGg N DóxcGKi KweZvskwUGZ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi gƒjmyi
AvGm kƒbÅZv| Kwegb AvœQ®² nGq IGV wiÚZvi nvnvKvGi| ‰ KviGYB cÉwZdwjZ nqwb eGjB Avwg gGb Kwi| A
cÉK‡wZGZ emG¯¦i AvMgb ˆPvGL cGowb Zuvi| ‰KBfvGe, welY²Zvq ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwei eÅwÚMZ `ytLGeva Zuvi KwegbGK
chÆewmZ nIqvi KviGYB DóxcGKi Kwe meyR mvGne mvwnZÅ mvabvq AvœQ®² KGiGQ| ê`bvq AvweÓ¡ Kwei KvGQ ZvB emG¯¦i ˆmŒ±`hÆ
AbvMÉnx nGq cGob| A^Ævr AvGjvPÅ KweZv ‰es DóxcGK Kwe«¼Gqi ÁÏvb| wcÉqRGbi weGqvMeÅ^vq Kwei n†`Gqi `ytmn-ÕÃ†wZB Zuvi KvGQ
welY²Zvi w`KwU myÕ·Ó¡| ˆm weGePbvq cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| emG¯¦i AvMgbGK wbÓ·Éf KGi ZzGjGQ|
DóxcGKi KweZvsGk ÕÃ†wZZvwoZ Kwei ‰Kv¯¦ Abyf„wZi cÉwZdjb DóxcGKi KweZvsGk ÕÃ†wZKvZiZvi AveiGY wcÉqRb nvivGbv
NGUGQ| ˆmLvGb Kwe Zuvi ŠkkGei myLgq w`bàGjvi ÕÃ†wZg¯©b AwbtGkl hvZbv cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ| wK¯§ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq
KGiGQb| SvDkvGL ebjZv êuGa ˆ`vj LvIqv, KuvPv-cvKv Kzj Õ¼Rb nvivGbvi ggÆGe`bv QvovI cÉK‡wZi mvG^ gvbegGbi mÁ·GKÆi
LvIqvi Avb±`gq ÕÃ†wZ `xNÆw`b ci KweGK ˆhb ˆgvnvweÓ¡ KGi w`KwU weGkl ZvrchÆgq nGq DGVGQ| ‰ KweZvq we`vqx kxGZi
ivGL| ‰i gaÅ w`Gq MÉvgxY cÉK‡wZi cÉwZ Kwei AK‡wòg ggZ½Geva wiÚZvGK ˆK±`Ê KGi KwegGbi ˆkvKvbyf„wZ i…c jvf KGiGQ|
cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ| wK¯§ AvGjvPÅ KweZvwUi welqeÕ§ wf®²| ‰QvovI KweZvwUGZ ˆkvKvbyf„wZ ˆh Õ¼vfvweK eÅwÚRxeGbi Q±`cZb
‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU Õ¼Rb nvivGbv Kwei eÅ^vZzi gGbi NUvGZ cvGi@ ‰ welqwU gƒZÆ nGq DGVGQ| AvGjvPÅ KweZvi ‰
AwfeÅwÚ| ‰ KweZvq wcÉqRGbi weGqvMeÅ^v KwegbGK AvœQ®² KGi mKj welq DóxcGKi KweZvsGk cÉKvwkZ nqwb| ˆmLvGb ˆKej
îGLGQ| ZvB em¯¦-cÉK‡wZi Aci…c ˆmŒ±`hÆI KwegGb îLvcvZ AvGjvPÅ KweZvq dzGU IVv Õ¼Rb nvivGbvi ÕÃ†wZGK ˆK±`Ê KGi wein-
KiGZ cvGi bv| DóxcGKi KweZvsGk eÅwÚMZ RxeGbi ‰gb ê`bvi w`KwUB dzGU DGVGQ| ˆm weGePbvq DóxcGKi KweZvsGk
`ytLGevGai cÉwZdjb NGUwb| ˆmLvGb ˆKej Kwei ŠkkGei myLgq ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ|
mgGqi ÕÃ†wZPviYvi w`KwUB Õ©vb ˆcGqGQ, hv AvGjvPÅ KweZvi
N “DóxcGKi K^GKi n†`q ê`bv ˆhb ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’
ˆ^GK Avjv`v| ‰ weGePbvq DóxcGKi KweZvskwUGZ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo
KweZvi gƒjmyi”@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ eGjB Avwg gGb Kwi| A
gGb’ KweZvi gƒjmyi cÉwZdwjZ nqwb|
‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq wcÉqRb nvivGbvi A¯¦nxb ˆkvK ‰es
cÉk²  25 wmGjU êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 6 Zvi dGj RMr I RxeGbi cÉwZ Kwei wbgÆg D`vmxbZvi w`KwU
‘AvR Zzwg ˆbB mvG^ fzGj ^vKv QjbvGZ ZvrchÆgq nGq DGVGQ| Kwe Zuvi meGPGq KvGQi gvbylwUGK nvwiGq
gGb gGb fvwe ÷ay ˆZvgvwi K^v| wbtÕ¼ I wiÚ nGq cGoGQb| dGj em¯¦-e±`bvI Zuvi KvGQ A^Ænxb
cvIqv bv cvIqvi gvGS AGPbvi myi evGR, gGb nq|
myiwfZ weiGni gig eÅ^v|’ A DóxcGKi KweZvsGk wcÉqRb nvivGbv Kwei wein-ê`bvi ewntcÉKvk
K. Kwe mywdqv Kvgvj KZ mvGj g†ZzÅeiY KGib? A 1 NGUGQ| wcÉqRGbi ÕÃ†wZ KweGK ZvwoGq êovq| ‰K gƒüGZÆi RbÅI
L. ‘ˆKv^v Ze be cyÓ· mvR?’@ DwÚwU eywSGq ˆjGLv| A 2 wZwb ZuvGK fzGj ^vKGZ cvGib bv| n†`qGKvGY cyGivGbv w`Gbi ˆmme
M. DwÚwUGZ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi AvswkK cÉwZdjb myLÕÃ†wZ evievi DuwK w`Gq hvq| DóxcGKi KweZvskwUGZ dzGU IVv
NGUGQ@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| A 3 Kwei gGbvhvZbvi ‰ w`KwU ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvqI ‰KBfvGe
N. DóxcGKi K^GKi n†`q ê`bv ˆhb ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ DGV ‰GmGQ| ˆmLvGbI Õ¼Rb nvivGbvi eÅ^vq fvivKÌv¯¦ Kwei
KweZvi gƒjmyi@ hywÚmn weGkÏlY KGiv| A 4 gGbvGe`bvi AvLÅvb wea†Z nGqGQ|
25 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwegb wcÉqRGbi ˆkvGK KvZi| kZ
K Kwe mywdqv Kvgvj 1999 mvGj g†ZzÅeiY KGib| A ˆPÓ¡v KGiI wZwb ZuvGK fzjGZ cviGQb bv| PGj hvIqv wcÉqRGbi
L cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUi gaÅ w`Gq Avbgbv Kwei emG¯¦i cÉwZ J`vmxGbÅi fvebvB ZuvGK AvweÓ¡ KGi ivGL| Avi ZvB cÉK‡wZGZ em¯¦ ‰GjI
w`KwUB DG¯ÃvwPZ nGqGQ| A kxGZi wiÚZvi Abyf„wZ ˆ^GK gyÚ nGZ cviGQb bv wZwb| AvGjvPÅ
KweZvq cÉKvwkZ wein-ê`bvi ‰ w`KwU DóxcGKi KweZvsGkI
emG¯¦i AvMgGb mgMÉ cÉK‡wZ ˆhb bei…c jvf KGi| evnvwi dzj Avi
‰KBfvGe dzGU DGVGQ| A^Ævr Dfq ˆÞGòB Kwe«¼q wcÉqRGbi
cvZvq mwäZ nq e†ÞivwR| Õ¼fveZB KweivI em¯¦-e±`bvq g™²
AZxZ ÕÃ†wZGK ˆK±`Ê KGiB ‰ZUv KvZi nGqGQb| Avi wein-
nb| wK¯§ wcÉqRGbi weGqvMeÅ^vq KvZi Kwei cGÞ em¯¦GK eiY
ê`bvi ‰B w`KwU ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZv ‰es DóxcGKi gƒj
Kiv mÁ¿e nGq IGVwb| evnvwi dzGj mymwäZ nIqvi cwieGZÆ Kwegb
kxGZi wiÚZvGKB AejÁ¼b KGiGQ, hv AvGjvPÅ cO&wÚwUGZ Kwe- welq| ˆm weGePbvq cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^vh^|
fGÚi cÉGk²i gaÅ w`Gq dzGU DGVGQ| cÉk²  26 XvKv êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 6
M AZxZ ÕÃ†wZGK ˆK±`Ê KGi wein-ê`bv cÉKvGki w`K ˆ^GK “PGj hvq gwi nvq emG¯¦i w`b|
DóxcGKi KweZvsGk ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi AvswkK cÉwZdjb `ƒi kvGL wcK WvGK weivgwenxb||
NGUGQ| Aaxi mgxi-fGi DœQ¾wm eKzj SGi,
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ewntcÉKvk NGUGQ| Kwei mvwnZÅRxeGbi cÉavb mnvqK I cyjwKZ AvgËexw^ dvÍš~GbiB ZvGc,
Drmvn`vZv Õ¼vgx Šmq` ˆbnvj ˆnvGmGbi g†ZzÅGkvK KweGK AvœQ®² gayKi àéiGb QvqvZj KuvGc|
KGi îGLGQ| ˆkvGK gynÅgvb Kwei gGbvRvMwZK AeÕ©vB ˆKb AvwR AKviGY mviv êjv AvbgGb
KweZvwUGZ evYxi…c jvf KGiGQ| civGb evRvq exYv ˆK ˆMv D`vmxb||”
K. ‘Kwnj ˆm wÕ²™¬ AuvwL Zzwj’@ Kvi K^v ejv nGqGQ? 1 cÉK‡Z AG^ÆB gƒjÅnxb| ‰K`v cyÓ·, e†Þ, cvwL Z^v cÉK‡wZi gnvmgvGivGn
L. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwUGK bvUKxq àYmÁ·®² KweZv Kwe«¼Gqi Rxeb cƒYÆZv jvf KiGjI ‰Lb ZuvGì gGb ˆKejB
ejv nq ˆKb? 2 kƒbÅZvGevGai nvnvKvi|
M. DóxcGKi em¯¦ eYÆbvi mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ DóxcGKi KweZvsGk emG¯¦i AvGe`b DGcwÞZ ˆ^GK ˆMGQ| hwÌ
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cÉk²  29 hGkvi êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 6 ZvrchÆgq AwfeÅwÚ ˆcGqGQ| emG¯¦i AvMgb Kwe gbGK wknwiZ Kivi
ˆm PGj ˆMGQ eGj wKGMv ÕÃ†wZ wK Zvi hvq ˆfvjv K^v ^vKGjI Zuvi ˆkvK ˆhb ZvGK cÉK‡wZ ˆ^GK wewœQ®² KGi ˆdGjGQ|
AvGRv gGb nGj Zvi K^v, gGgÆ ˆh ˆgvi ˆ`q ˆ`vjv \ DóxcGK ejv nGqGQ ˆh, wcÉqRGbi KvQ ˆ^GK wewœQ®² nGq ˆMGjI
H cÉwZwU aƒwjKYvq, AvGQ Zvi ˆQuvIqv ˆjGM ˆn^vq Zvi ÕÃ†wZ KLGbv ˆfvjv hvq bv| Zvi wdGi Avmvi RbÅ gb meÆ`vB
AvGRv Zvnvwi Avmvi Avkvq, ivwL ˆgvi NGii me «¼vi ˆLvjv| AGcÞv KiGZ ^vGK| Avevi, ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvqI wcÉqRb
ˆn^v ˆm ‰GmwQj hGe Ni fGi wQj dzj DrmGe weGqvGMi w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ| ZGe ‰LvGb Kwei gGbvGe`bv I
ˆgvi KvR wQj ÷ay fGe, Zvi nviMuv^v Avi dzj ˆZvjv \ cÉK‡wZi welY²Zv ‰KBmƒGò Muv^v|
K. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU cÉ^g ˆKvb cwòKvq em¯¦-cÉK‡wZi Aci…c ˆmŒ±`hÆ ˆh KwegGb AvbG±ì wkniY RvMvGe
cÉKvwkZ nq? 1
‰es wZwb ZvGK fvGe-QG±`-myGi dzwUGq ZzjGeb ˆmUvB cÉZÅvwkZ|
L. ‘cyÓ·kƒbÅ w`MG¯¦i cG^’@ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 wK¯§ AvGjvPÅ KweZvq Kwe Õ¼vgxi g†ZzÅGZ ˆkvKvœQ®² eGj em¯¦ Zvi
M. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwei nvnvKvGii `†kÅ ˆhb mgÕ¦ ˆmŒ±`hÆ wbGq nvwRi nIqv mGî½I Kwei A¯¦iGK Õ·kÆ KiGZ
DóxcGK cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
cvGiwb| ZvB emG¯¦i gvGSI D`vmxb Kwei A¯¦i RyGo ^vGK wiÚ
N. “DóxcKwUi weinGe`bvi eYÆbvi mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo kxGZi Ki‚Y we`vGqi ê`bv| Kwei RxeGbi `ytmn welY²Zv cÉK‡wZi
gGb’ KweZvi Kwei gGbvGe`bvi cÉK‡wZNwbÓ¤ ˆh eYÆbv, mvG^ Zuvi gGbi msGhvMGK wQ®² KGiGQ| ‰B ˆh Kwei gGbvGe`bvi
Zvi mvG^ wgGji ˆPGq AwgjB êwk”@ g¯¦eÅwU ˆZvgvi cÉK‡wZ NwbÓ¤i…c Zv DóxcGK ˆbB| DóxcGK iGqGQ weinGe`bvi
gZvgZmn hvPvB KGiv| 4
‰K AvGeMx ewntcÉKvk ˆhLvGb cÉK‡wZNwbÓ¤Zvi w`KwU AbycwÕ©Z|
29 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi ZvB ejv hvq, “DóxcKwUi weinGe`bvi eYÆbvi mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo
K ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU cÉ^g cÉKvwkZ nq ‘gvwmK ˆgvnvÁÃ`x’ gGb’ KweZvi Kwei gGbvGe`bvi cÉK‡wZNwbÓ¤ ˆh eYÆbv, Zvi mvG^
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cwòKvq| wgGji ˆPGq AwgjB êwk”@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
12. AvVvGiv eQi eqm

cÉk²  22 KGi mGPZb KGiGQb| DóxcGKi mvwR` gv`KvmÚ nIqvi gGZv
hGkvi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 5
gv`K MÉnGYi Aciva gv^vq wbGq cywjk fÅvGb DGV emj mvwR`| ‰gbB ‰K ˆbwZevPK KgÆKvGí hyÚ nq| ‰fvGeB cÉGk²vÚ ‘‰ eqGm
gv-evev, cvov-cÉwZGekx ˆKD KÍ¸bv KiGZ cvGiwb ‰gb `†kÅ ZvGì KvGb AvGm KZ g¯Ÿv’ K^vwU mvwRGì ˆÞGò mZÅ nGq aiv ˆ`q|
ˆ`LGZ nGe| ÷ay fvGjv Qvò wnGmGe bq, Zvi gGZv mvnmx, cÉwZev`x,  N ‘Avnv! ‰gb ˆmvbvi UzKiv hw` mevi NGi R¯ÃvZ!’@ ‘AvVvGiv
cGivcKvix meÆàGYi AwaKvix ‰KwU ˆQGjI LuyGR cvGe bv ˆKD| eQi eqm’ KweZvq wea†Z Zvi‚GYÅi BwZevPK ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjvi AvGjvGK
eqÕ•iv ejGZb, ‘Avnv! ‰gb ˆmvbvi UzKiv hw` mevi NGi R¯ÃvZ!’ DwÚwU h^vh^| A
Kv®²vRwoZ KG¥¤ mvwRGì gv eGjb, ‘wKQyw`b aGi AGPbv ‰KUv ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq Kwe Zvi‚GYÅi bvbv ŠewkÓ¡Å ZzGj aGi
ˆQGj Ii mvG^ ˆ`Lv KiGZ AvmZ| fveGZ cvwiwb ‰Z eo meÆbvk ‰i RqMvb KGiGQb| eÕ§Z, ŠKGkvi ˆ^GK ˆhŒeGb cv ivLvi ‰
nGe Avgvi ˆQGji|’ A eqmwU ˆhGKvGbv gvbyGli RxeGbB AZÅ¯¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb
K. ‘AvKvj’ myKv¯¦ fëvPvGhÆi Kx aiGbi iPbv? A 1 KGi| ‰ eqGmB Zi‚GYiv bvbv BwZevPK I ˆbwZevPK gZv`kÆ ‰es
L. ‘Zey AvVvGivi ÷GbwQ Rqa»wb’@ mcÉmã cO&wÚwU eÅvLÅv KgÆKvGíi mGã cwiwPZ nGZ ÷i‚ KGi| msMZ KviGY RvZxq
KGiv| A 2 RxeGbI ‰i my`ƒicÉmvix f„wgKv iGqGQ|
M. ‘‰ eqGm KvGb AvGm KZ g¯Ÿv’@ DwÚwU mvwRGì ˆÞGò DóxcGK mvwR` bvGgi ‰K Zi‚GYi K^v ewYÆZ nGqGQ| gvwRÆZ
KxfvGe cÉGhvRÅ? eywSGq `vI| A 3 eÅenvi ‰es PwiòàGY ˆm mKGji gb Rq KGi ˆbq| covGkvbvi
N. ‘Avnv! ‰gb ˆmvbvi UzKiv hw` mevi NGi R¯ÃvZ!’@ ‘AvVvGiv cvkvcvwk cGivcKvix gGbvfvGei KviGY cÉwZGekxivI ZvGK Lye
eQi eqm’ KweZvi ˆkl cO&wÚi AvGjvGK DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb fvGjvevmZ| mvwRGì ‰ mKj àYvewj ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq
KGiv| A 4 wea†Z Zvi‚GYÅi BwZevPK ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjvi cÉwZB BwãZ KGi|
22 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq Kwe Zvi‚GYÅi RqMvb ˆMGqGQb| Zuvi gGZ,
K ‘AvKvj’ myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ iwPZ ‰KwU KveÅMÉ¯©| A AvVvGiv eQi eqm eü BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Å mgyä¾j| Ro, wbøj I
L AvVvGiv eQi eqwm Zi‚YGì `yRÆq gGbvfve ‰es Acvi cÉ^vMZ RxebGK ˆcQGb ˆdGj Zi‚Yiv KjÅvYgq gnîg RxeGbi Õ¼µ²
mÁ¿vebvi w`K weGePbvq Kwe cÉGk²vÚ cO&wÚwUi AeZviYv KGiGQb| ˆ`GL| wecGì gyGL Zi‚YivB AMÉYx f„wgKv cvjb KGi| ÷ay Zv-B bq,
gvbyGli RxeGb AvVvGiv eQi eqm LyeB ZvrchÆcƒYÆ ‰KwU mgq| ˆ`k I RvwZi cÉGqvRGb Rxeb w`GZI Zviv wcQcv nq bv| ˆmeveËZ,
ŠKGkvi ˆ^GK ˆhŒeGb c`vcÆGYi ‰ mgqwUGZ Zi‚YGì AGbK NvZ- cGivcKvi, gvbeKjÅvGYi RbÅ Zviv DG`ÅvMx nGq IGV| DóxcGKi
cÉwZNvZ mnÅ KGi ‰wMGq ˆhGZ nq| Avi cÉej cÉvYkwÚi AwaKvix mvwRGì AvPiGYI ‰w`KwU cwijwÞZ nq| Zvi‚GYÅi ‰ mKj ŠewkÓ¡Å
Zi‚GYiv kZ `yGhÆvM ˆgvKvwejv KGi A`gÅ gGbvfve wbGq mvgGb jÞ KGiB Kwe ‰ ˆ`Gki eyGK Zvi‚GYÅi cÉZÅveZÆb Kvgbv KGiGQb|
‰wMGq PGj| Zvi‚GYÅi kwÚGZ `yRÆqGK Rq KGi ˆ`k I RvwZi RbÅ ‰KB KviGY DóxcGKi mvwR`GK wbGq eqÕ•iv cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUi
AwgZ mÁ¿vebvi «¼vi LyGj ˆ`q Zviv| Zvi‚GYÅi ‰ AwgZ kwÚ ‰es AeZviYv KGiGQb| ˆm weGePbvq cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU h^v^Æ|
BwZevPK ŠewkÓ¡Å jÞ KGiB Kwe cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGiGQb|
cÉk²  23 Xv. êv. 2018; w`. êv. 2018; wm. êv. 2018; h.
M ‘‰ eqGm KvGb AvGm KZ g¯Ÿv’@ DwÚwU ˆbwZevPK KgÆKvGí êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 6
hyÚ nIqvi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi mvwRGì ˆÞGò cÉGhvRÅ| A ‘Avgiv Pwj mÁÃyLcvGb
‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq Kwe wbR AwfæZvi AvGjvGK ˆK AvgvGì euvaGe?
eqtmw®¬KvGji ŠewkÓ¡Å ZzGj aGiGQb| ŠKGkvi ˆ^GK ˆhŒeGb iBj hviv wcQyi UvGb
c`vcÆGYi ‰ eqmwU cÉGZÅGKi RxeGb bvbv KviGY ZvrchÆcƒYÆ nGq Kuv`Ge Zviv Kuv`Ge|
IGV| eÕ§Z, ‰ eqGm bvbv AvGeM, DœQ¾vm I DGîRbvq Zi‚Y cÉvY wQuoe evav iÚ-cvGq,
ÞZ-weÞZ nq| AGbK mgq ‰ eqGmi Zi‚Yiv bv eyGSB SzuwK ˆbq, Pje QyGU îŒG`Ë-QvGq
hv cÉvqB wec` ˆWGK AvGb| RwoGq Iiv Avcb MvGq
DóxcGKi Zi‚Y mvwR` m`&eÅenvi ‰es bvbv àGYi KviGY mKGji ˆKejB duv` duv`Ge|’ A
wcÉqcvò nGq DGVwQj| cÉwZGekxiv Zvi cÉksmv KiZ| wK¯§ KzmGã K. AvVvGiv eQi eqm c`vNvGZ Kx fvOGZ Pvq? A 1
cGo wKQyw`Gbi gGaÅB ˆm gv`GKi cÉwZ AvmÚ nGq cGo| AeGkGl L. ‘‰ eqm RvGb iÚ`vGbi cyYÅ’@ ‰ K^vi ZvrchÆ Kx? A 2
gv`K MÉnGYi KviGY cywjk ZvGK ˆMÉdZvi KGi| Zvi ‰B NUbv M. DóxcGKi fvevG^Æi mvG^ ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi ˆKvb
‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq wea†Z Zvi‚GYÅi ˆbwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi cÉwZ w`GKi mv`†kÅ jÞYxq? eÅvLv KGiv| A 3
BwãZ KGi| AvGjvPÅ KweZvwUGZ Kwe ‰ eqGmi Zi‚YGì bvbv N. DóxcGKi eÚeÅ I ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi ˆh fveMZ
BwZevPK I ˆbwZevPK gZv`kÆ ‰es KgÆKvGí hyÚ nIqvi K^v DGÍÏL wgj iGqGQ Zv ˆKvb AG^Æ BwZevPK? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| A 4
23 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi AvGjvPÅ KweZv I DóxcGKi KweZvsk Dfq ˆÞGòB mgvRRxeGbi
K AvVvGiv eQi eqm c`vNvGZ cvî evav fvOGZ Pvq| A BwZevPK cwieZÆGbi cÉwZ BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ| cvVÅ KweZvi Kwe
cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb AvVvGiv eQi eqwm Zi‚GYiv ˆhb ˆ`Gki PvwjKvkwÚ
L ˆhGKvGbv gnr KvGR AvVvGiv eQi eqwm Zi‚YGì AvñZÅvMx
nGq ùvovq| Avi DóxcGKi KweZvsGk ˆmB fveGK mg^Æb KGiB
gvbwmKZv êvSvGZ Kwe AvGjvPÅ DwÚwU KGiGQb| A
Kwe eGjGQb, Zi‚GYiv mKj evav ˆcwiGq ‰wMGq hvK gyÚRxeGbi
ˆ`k, RvwZ I gvbeZvi RbÅ hyGM hyGM Zi‚GYivB ‰wMGq ‰GmGQ
cG^| ‰ gyÚRxeb wbwøZfvGeB BwZevPK| myZivs, Dfq KweZvq
meGPGq êwk| mgÕ¦ wec` ˆgvKvwejvq Zviv RxeGbi SuzwK wbGq
Zvi‚GYÅi cÉkwÕ¦ BwZevPK nGq aiv w`GqGQ|
ùvwoGqGQ| cÉvY w`GqGQ ˆ`k I RbMGYi gywÚi msMÉvGg| ˆhGKvGbv
AbÅvq-AwePvGii cÉwZev` KiGZ ‰ eqGmi Zi‚GYiv wcQcv nq bv| cÉk²  24 iv. êv. 2018; Kz. êv. 2018; P. êv. 2018; e.
ZvB Kwe eGjGQb, ‘‰ eqm RvGb iÚ`vGbi cyYÅ|’ êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 7
M DóxcGK ewYÆZ Zi‚YGì evav AwZKÌg Kivi gvbwmKZv ‘AvVvGiv 1971 mvGji gywÚhyG«¬ cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx wbweÆPvGi AMwYZ
eQi eqm’ KweZvi fvevG^Æi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| A evOvwjGK nZÅv KGi| ˆ`Gk ‰gb AivRKZv ˆ`GL Zi‚Y hyeK iwdK
‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq Kwe wbGRi AwfæZvi AvGjvGK Avi Pzc ^vKGZ cvGi bv| Acwimxg mvnm wbGq ˆm gywÚhyG«¬
eqtmw®¬KvGji ŠewkÓ¡ÅGK ZzGj aGiGQb| ‰ eqwm Zi‚GYiv Amxg SuvwcGq cGo| RxeGbi gvqv ZÅvM KGi ˆ`k I `Gki KjÅvGY ˆm
mvnm I AvñZÅvGMi gnvb gG¯¨ DäxweZ| ZvB Zviv kZ AvNvZ- wbGRGK DrmMÆ KGi|
msNvGZi gGaÅI iÚkc^ wbGq gvbyGli KjÅvGY SuvwcGq coGZ K. ‘Qvocò’ KveÅMÉ¯©wU KZ mvGj cÉKvwkZ nq? A 1
cvGi| ‰iv Õ©weiZv, wbøjZv, RivRxYÆZvGK AwZKÌg KGi `yeÆvi L. Kwe ˆKb ˆhŒebkwÚi RqMvb KGiGQb? A 2
MwZGZ| ZvB AvGjvPÅ KweZvq Kwe cÉMwZ I AMÉMwZi cG^ ‰ eqwm M. DóxcGKi iwdK ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi ˆKvb ŠewkGÓ¡Åi
Zi‚YGì c`GÞc cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb| cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 3
DóxcGKi Kwe `yi¯¦-`yeÆvi ˆhŒeGbi cÉkwÕ¦ MvBGZ wMGq Zvi‚GYÅi N. ‘AvñZÅvM I gvbe-KjÅvY AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi ‰KwU AbÅZg
ŠewkÓ¡Å ZzGj aGiGQb| wZwb Zvi‚YÅGK Adzi¯¦ cÉvYkwÚi Avavii…Gc ŠewkÓ¡Å’@ DóxcK I ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi AvGjvGK
eYÆbv KGiGQb| Zviv cÉej cÉvYkwÚGZ DäxweZ nGq mgÕ¦ evav DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| A 4
ˆcwiGq ‰wMGq ˆhGZ cvGi AfxÓ¡ jGÞÅ| ‰LvGb Zvi‚YÅGK `yeÆvi
Dóxcbv, Acwimxg J`vhÆ I Adzi¯¦ cÉvGYi cÉZxK wnGmGe ZzGj aiv
nGqGQ| Avi Zvi‚GYÅi ‰me ŠewkÓ¡ÅB ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq K ‘Qvocò’ KveÅMÉ¯©wU 1948 mvGj cÉKvwkZ nq| A

m`Å ˆhŒeGb DîxYÆ Zi‚YGì gGaÅ Kwe cÉZÅÞ KGiGQb| ˆhŒeGbi L ˆhŒeGbi BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi RbÅ Kwe ˆhŒebkwÚi RqMvb
Dóxcbv, mvnwmKZv, `yeÆvi MwZ I bZzb Rxeb iPbvi Õ¼Gµ²i RbÅ KGiGQb| A
Kwe cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb mgmÅvcxwoZ ‰ ˆ`Gk Zvi‚YÅB ˆhb RvZxq AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi Zi‚Yiv Škke-ŠKGkvGii ciwbfÆiZvi w`bàGjv
RxeGbi PvwjKvkwÚ nGq ùvovq| ‰fvGeB DóxcK I ‘AvVvGiv eQi mGPZbfvGe gyGQ ˆdjGZ DG`ÅvMx nq| ‰ eqm A`gÅ `ytmvnGm
eqm’ KweZvi fvevG^Æi mv`†kÅ cwijwÞZ nq| mKj evav-wecwîGK ˆcwiGq ˆhGZ cÉÕ§Z ^vGK| AbÅvGqi wei‚G«¬
N DóxcK I ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ewYÆZ Zvi‚GYÅi RqMvb gv^v DuPz KGi ùvovGZ ‰ eqGmi Zi‚Yiv AMÉYx f„wgKv cvjb KGi|
a»wbZ nIqvi w`KwU BwZevPK ŠewkÓ¡Åmg†«¬| A ‰ eqGmi Zi‚YcÉvY KvGiv KvGQ gv^v wbPz KGi bv| Avi ‰ KviGYB
Kwe ˆhŒebkwÚi RqMvb KGiGQb|
‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq Kwe AvVvGiv eQi eqmGK `yeÆvi I
wbfÆxK eGj DGÍÏL KGiGQb| Zuvi gGZ, ‰ eqGmi Zi‚GYiv  M DóxcGKi iwdGKi gvGS mvnwmKZv, Dóxcbv, AvñZÅvM I
mgvRRxeGbi bvbv weKvi, AmyÕ©Zv I meÆbvGki AwfNvZGK i‚GL `yeÆvi MwZ jÞ Kiv hvq, hv ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ewYÆZ
w`GZ cvGi| ‰ RbÅ Kwe AvVvGiv eQi eqmGK A`gÅ cÉvYkwÚ I Zvi‚GYÅi BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡ÅiB cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| A
`yeÆvi mvnwmKZvi cÉZxKi…Gc ZzGj aGiGQb| AvGjvPÅ KweZvq AvVvGiv eQi eqwm Zi‚YGì Amxg mvnm I
DóxcGK ejv nGqGQ Zi‚GYiv `yeÆvi Dóxcbvq mKj cÉwZe®¬KZv Lye AvñZÅvGMi gnvb gG¯¨ DäxweZ nIqvi w`KwU DGV ‰GmGQ| ZvB
mnGRB ˆcwiGq ˆhGZ cvGi| ˆKvGbv A÷fkwÚB ZvGì Pjvi cG^ Zviv kZ AvNvZ-msNvGZi gGaÅI iÚkc^ wbGq gvbyGli KjÅvGY
evav nGq ùvovGZ cvGi bv| A^Ævr, Zi‚YGì AvGQ evav ˆcwiGq SuvwcGq coGZ cvGi| ‰B eqwm Zi‚YGì iGqGQ Adzi¯¦ Dóxcbv,
hvIqvi gGZv cÉej cÉvYkwÚ| ˆmB kwÚ I mvnGmi eGjB Zviv Amxg mvnwmKZv I `yeÆvi MwZ| dGj ‰B eqwm Zi‚Yiv Õ©weiZv,
mgvGRi BwZevPK cwieZÆb NUvGZ mÞg| ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ wbøjZv, RivRxYÆZvGK AwZKÌg KiGZ cvGi Lye mnGRB| ZvB
KweZvq wVK ‰KB ˆPZbvi ewntcÉKvk jÞ Kiv hvq| AvGjvPÅ KweZvq Kwe cÉMwZ I AMÉMwZi cG^ ‰B eqwm Zi‚YGì
‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ejv nGqGQ, ‰ eqGmi AvGQ mgÕ¦ c`GÞc cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb|
`yGhÆvM Avi `yweÆcvK ˆgvKvwejv Kivi A`gÅ kwÚ| Kwe ZvB DóxcGK `yi¯¦-`yeÆvi ˆhŒebGK Adzi¯¦ cÉvYkwÚi Avavi-iƒGc eYÆbv
mgmÅvcxwoZ ‰ ˆ`Gk AvVvGivi Zvi‚YÅGK cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb| A^Ævr, Kiv nGqGQ| ‰LvGb hyeK iwdGKi gvGS Acwimxg ˆ`kGcÉGgi cwiPq
dzGU DGVGQ| ˆm cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxi eeÆiZv mnÅ KiGZ bv ˆcGi K. Kwe myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ ˆKvb Š`wbK cwòKvi mvG^ mÁ·†Ú
RxeGbi gvqv ZÅvM KGi gywÚhyG«¬ SuvwcGq cGoGQ| AvñZÅvGMi gnvb wQGjb? 1
gG¯¨ DäxeZ eGjB ˆm ˆ`Gki KjÅvGY wbGRGK DrmMÆ KiGZ L. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm gv^v ˆbvqvevi bq’@ ˆKb? 2
ˆcGiGQ| KviY Zvi‚YÅ Adzi¯¦ cÉvYkwÚ wbGq mgÕ¦ evav ˆcwiGq ‰wMGq M. DóxcGKi wdGivGRi gvbwmKZvi ˆh w`KwU ‘AvVvGiv eQi
hvq AfxÓ¡ jGÞÅ| Avi Zvi‚GYÅi ‰ ŠewkÓ¡ÅB ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ eqm’ KweZvi gGaÅ we`Ågvb Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
KweZvq Kwe ZzGj aGiGQb| ‰ eqwm Zi‚YGì wZwb `ytmn eGjGQb, N. DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi gƒjfvGei
hviv Õ·aÆvq gv^v ˆZvjevi SuywK ˆbq| ‰ KviGY Kwe cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb ˆ`ÅvZK@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
bvbv mgmÅvcxwoZ ˆ`Gk Zvi‚GYÅi kwÚ ˆhb RvZxq RxeGbi PvwjKvkwÚ 25 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
nGq ùvovq| AZ‰e, ˆ`Gki KjÅvGY Zvi‚GYÅi ‰ mKj ŠewkÓ¡Å aviY
K Kwe myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ ‘Š`wbK Õ¼vaxbZv’ cwòKvi mGã mÁ·†Ú
Kivq DóxcGKi iwdK ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi AvVvGiv eQi
eqwm Zi‚YGì mv^ÆK cÉwZwbwa nGq DGVGQ| wQGjb|
L AvVvGiv eQi eqGm gvbyl ˆhŒeGb c`vcÆY KGi AvñcÉZÅqx I
N ‘AvñZÅvM I gvbe-KjÅvY AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi ‰KwU AbÅZg
mvnmx nGq IGV eGj KvGiv KvGQ gv^v ˆbvqvq bv|
ŠewkÓ¡Å’@ DóxcK I ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi AvGjvGK DwÚwU
h^v^Æ| A Škke-ŠKGkvGii ciwbfÆiZvi w`bàGjv mGPZbfvGe gyGQ ˆdjGZ
DG`ÅvMx nq AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi Zi‚GYiv| ‰ eqm A`gÅ `ytmvnGm
AvGjvPÅ KweZvq Kwe AvVvGiv eQi eqmGK eGjGQb `ytmn, `yeÆvi I
mKj evav-wec`GK ˆcwiGq ˆhGZ cÉÕ§Z ^vGK| AbÅvGqi wei‚G«¬
wbfÆxK| ‰B eqGmi Zi‚Yiv mgvRRxeGbi bvbv weKvi, AmyÕ©Zv I
meÆbvGki AwfNvZGK i‚GL w`GZ cvGi| ‰ RbÅ Kwe AvVvGiv eQi gv^v DuPz KGi ùvovGZ D`Ågx ‰ eqGmi Zi‚GYiv| ˆKvGbv AbÅvq I
eqmGK A`gÅ cÉvYkwÚ I `yeÆvi mvnwmKZvi cÉZxKi…Gc LuyGR ˆcGqGQb| cÉwZe®¬KZvi KvGQ gv^v bZ KGi bv ‰ eqGmi Zi‚YcÉvY| Kwe ZvB
‰ eqmwUGK `ytmvnmx wnGmGe wPwn×Z KGiGQb|
DóxcGK DGV ‰GmGQ ˆ`kGcÉGg mgyä¾j, Amxg cÉvYkwÚi Avavi
Zvi‚GYÅi K^v| ‰LvGb Zi‚Y iwdK ˆ`Gki gvbyGli Ici cvwKÕ¦vwb  M DóxcGKi wdGivGRi gvbwmKZvq ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq
evwnbxi wbgÆgZv ˆ`GL hyG«¬ SuvwcGq cGoGQ| Zvi‚GYÅi kwÚi DGÍÏwLZ Zi‚YGì BwZevPK w`KàGjv we`Ågvb|
ˆRvGiB ˆm ˆ`Gki gvbyGli RbÅ wbGRi RxebGK DrmMÆ KGiGQ| AvGjvPÅ KweZvq Kwe wbR AwfæZvi AvGjvGK eqtmw®¬KvGji
A^Ævr, Zi‚YGì AvGQ mgmÅv I evav ˆcwiGq hvIqvi cÉej gvbwmK ŠewkÓ¡ÅGK ZzGj aGiGQb| wZwb jÞ KGiGQb, ŠKGkvi ˆ^GK ˆhŒeGb
kwÚ| ˆmB kwÚ I mvnGmi eGjB iwdK AvñZÅvM KGi nGjI c`vcÆGYi ‰ eqmwU cÉPí mvnGm SzuwK ˆbIqvi DcGhvMx| AvVvGiv
gvbe-KjÅvGY wbGqvwRZ nGqGQ| ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq wVK eQi eqGmi Zi‚GYiv AmvaÅGK mvab Kivi RbÅ `yeÆvi MwZGZ ‰wMGq
‰KB ˆPZbvi ewntcÉKvk jÞ Kiv hvq| hvq|
‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi gƒjfvGe ejv nGqGQ, AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi DóxcGKi wdGivR ‰KRb mvnmx Zi‚Y| ˆm ZvGje gvÕ¡viGK AvKÌgY
AvGQ mgÕ¦ `yGhÆvM Avi `yweÆcvK ˆgvKvwejv Kivi A`gÅ kwÚ| Kwe ZvB Kiv m¯¨vmxGì ‰KRbGK aGi ˆPqvigÅvGbi nvGZ ZzGj ˆ`q|
mgmÅvcxwoZ ‰B ˆ`Gk AvVvGivi Zvi‚YÅGK cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb| A^Ævr, AvKÌgYÕ©Gj wdGi ‰Gm ˆm ˆ`GL fxZz gvbylàGjv iÚvÚ ZvGje
AvGjvPÅ KweZv I DóxcK Dfq Õ©vGbB mgvRRxeGb Zvi‚GYÅi gvÕ¡viGK mvnvhÅ KiGZ ‰wMGq AvGmwb| ZLb ˆm cywjwk SvGgjvi
DcwÕ©wZ Kvgbv Kiv nGqGQ| AvGjvPÅ KweZvi Kwe AvVvGiv eQi eqwm fq AMÉvnÅ KGi wbGRB ZuvGK nvmcvZvGj wbGq hvq| AvGjvPÅ KweZvq
Zi‚YGì c`GÞc cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb mgmÅvcxwoZ ˆ`Gki PvwjKvkwÚ nGq wdGivGRi ‰ ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjvi K^vB ejv nGqGQ| ˆ`k, RvwZ I
ùvovGZ| Avi DóxcGK ˆmB fvGei djÕ¼i…c iwdKGK ˆ`Gki RbÅ gvbeZvi RbÅ ‰ eqGmi Zi‚GYivB ‰wMGq hvq mevi AvGM| Kwe gGb
gywÚhyG«¬ SuvwcGq coGZ ˆ`Lv hvq| A^Ævr, AvñZÅvM I gvbe-KjÅvY KGib, ‰ eqmwU cÉej DœQ¾vGm SzuwK ˆbIqvi DcGhvMx| wdGivGRi
AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi ‰KwU AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å ˆh w`KwU Dfq ˆÞGòB gvGSI ‰B SzuwK ˆbIqvi cÉeYZv jÞYxq| mGeÆvcwi, ‘AvVvGiv eQi
mgvbfvGe DGV ‰GmGQ| eqm’ KweZvq ewYÆZ Zi‚YcÉvGYi BwZevPK mKj ŠewkÓ¡ÅB wdGivGRi
gvGS we`Ågvb|
cÉk²  25 w`bvRcyi êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 6
gPgBj evRvGi cÉKvGkÅ wZbRb m¯¨vmx AvKÌgY KGi ZvGje  N ‘DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi gƒjfvGei
gvÕ¡viGK| wZwb gvwUGZ jywUGq coGj ˆgvUimvBGKjGhvGM m¯¨vmxiv ˆ`ÅvZK’@ DwÚwU h^v^Æ| ˆKbbv DfqÕ©vGbB Zvi‚GYÅi h^v^Æ Õ¹„iY
cvwjGq hvq| ‰gb mgq NUbvÕ©Gj ‰Gm cGo mvnmx Zi‚Y wdGivR| jÞ Kiv hvq|
ˆm m¯¨vmxGì avIqv KGi ‰es ‰KRbGK aGi BDwbqb cwilGì ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq Kwe eqtmw®¬KvGji ŠewkÓ¡ÅGK ZzGj
ˆPqvigÅvGbi nvGZ ZzGj ˆ`q| wdGi ‰Gm ˆ`GL gvÕ¡vi mvGne ZLGbv aGiGQb| ‰ mKj ŠewkÓ¡Å BwZevPKZvq cwicƒYÆ| Kwei eYÆbvq
gvwUGZ jywUGq cGo AvGQb| cywjwk SvGgjvi fGq ˆKD mvnvGhÅ bvbviKg àY I `ÞZvi jÞY dzGU DGVGQ ‰ eqGmi Zi‚YGì gvGS|
‰wMGq AvmGQ bv| wdGivR ˆKvGbv wKQy bv ˆfGeB gvÕ¡vi mvGneGK wZwb gGb KGib, ‰ eqGmi agÆB nGjv AvñZÅvGMi gnvb gG¯¨ DäxweZ
wbGq hvq ˆgwWGKGj| nIqv|
DóxcGKi wdGivR ZvGje gvÕ¡viGK AvKÌgY Kiv m¯¨vmxGì avIqv Õ¼µ² ˆ`GL | KjÅvYwP¯¦v, ˆmeveËZ, Dóxcbv, mvnwmKZv, Pjvi `yeÆvi
KGi ‰KRbGK aGi ˆdjGZ mÞg nq| ZvGK AvUK KGi MwZ@ ‰meB ZvGì ŠewkÓ¡Å| Kwei Kvgbv ‰me ŠewkÓ¡Å w`GqB ˆhb
ˆPqvigÅvGbi nvGZ ZzGj ˆ`q ˆm| cieZÆxGZ ˆm cywjwk SvGgjvi Zi‚Yiv RvZxq RxeGbi BwZevPK cwieZÆb NUvq|
ˆZvqvØv bv KGi AvnZ gvÕ¡viGK nvmcvZvGj wbGq hvq| cvVÅ M DóxcGK Zvi‚GYÅi ˆKej ‰KwU weGkl w`K AvGjvwPZ nIqvq

KweZvq Kwe Zi‚YGì ˆh BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi K^v eGjGQb Zv ‰LvGb ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ|
wdGivGRi gvGSI we`Ågvb| Zvi‚GYÅi kwÚGZ wdGivR AbÅvGqi
‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq Kwe eqtmw®¬KvGji bvbv ŠewkÓ¡Å ZzGj
wei‚G«¬ gv^v ZzGj ùvwoGqGQ| aGiGQb| Zvi‚GYÅi BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi àYMvGbi cvkvcvwk RvZxq
AvVvGiv eQi eqm eü BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Å wPwn×Z| Ro, wbøj I RxeGb ‰ eqGmi DóxcbvGK wZwb cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb| KweZvq wZwb
cÉ^ve«¬ RxebGK ˆcQGb ˆdGj bZzb Rxeb iPbvi Õ¼µ², KjÅvY I AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi bvbv w`K wbR AwfæZvi AvGjvGK wek`fvGe
ˆmeveËZ, Dóxcbv I mvnwmKZv, Pjvi `yeÆvi MwZ@ ‰ meB AvVvGiv DcÕ©vcb KGiGQb| ‰ eqm wbGq DrK¥¤vI cÉKvk KGiGQb wZwb|
eQi eqGmi ŠewkÓ¡Å| cÉwZwU Zi‚GYiB ‰ mKj ŠewkÓ¡Å aviY Kiv DóxcGKi KweZvsGk wbøj mgvGR cÉvGYi mçvi NUvGZ bexbGì
Ri‚wi| DóxcGKi wdGivR ˆhb Kwei cÉZÅvwkZ ŠewkGÓ¡Åi AwaKvix cÉwZ Avn»vb Kiv nGqGQ| ‰LvGb Zvi‚GYÅi kwÚGZ ejxqvb nGq mKj
‰K Zi‚Y| m¯¨vmx I cywjwk SvGgjvi fGq hLb gvbeZv c`wcÓ¡ evav AwZKÌg KGi wbGRGK AbbÅ DœPZvq ˆcuŒQvGbvi ZvwM` ˆÌqv
nwœQj ZLb Zvi‚YÅ`xµ¦ wdGivRB ˆmLvGb mvnvhÅKvixi f„wgKvq DîxYÆ nGqGQ| AbÅw`GK ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq AvVvGiv eQi eqwm
nq| NUbvÕ©Gj ùvwoGq ^vKv AGbK gvbyGli wfGo ‰KRb wdGivRB Zi‚YGì bvbv ŠewkÓ¡Å mÁ·GKÆ eYÆbv Kiv nGqGQ| Kwei `†wÓ¡GZ ‰
AbÅvGqi wei‚G«¬ gv^v ZzGj ùvwoGqGQ| Avi ZvB, DóxcGKi eqmwU DGîRbvi, cÉej DœQ¾vGm RxeGbi SuywK ˆbIqvi, A`gÅ
wdGivGRi PwiòwU ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ewYÆZ mKj Zi‚GYi `ytmvnGm evav-wec` ˆcwiGq hvIqvi ‰es AbÅvGqi wei‚G«¬ i‚GL
cÉwZwbwa nGq DGVGQ| myZivs, AvGjvPÅ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| ùvovevi DchyÚ mgq| cvkvcvwk, mgvRRxeGbi bvbv weKvi, AmyÕ©Zv
I meÆbvGki AwfNvGZ ‰ eqGmi kâvRbK w`KwUI ZyGj aGiGQb
wZwb| DóxcGKi Þz`Ë cwimGi Zvi‚GYÅi RqMvGbi w`KwU dzGU
“IGi bexb IGi Avgvi KuvPv,
DVGjI AvGjvPÅ KweZvq ewYÆZ AbÅvbÅ w`K cÉwZdwjZ nqwb| ZvB
IGi meyR, IGi AeyS, ejv hvq, DóxcGK AvGjvPÅ KweZvi AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ gvò|
Ava-givGì Nv ˆgGi ZzB euvPv|
N cwimGi wf®²Zv ^vKGjI ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZv I DóxcGK
iÚ AvGjvi gG` gvZvj ˆfvGi
gƒjZ Zvi‚GYÅiB RqMvb MvIqv nGqGQ|
AvRGK ˆh hv eGj ejyK ˆZvGi,
mKj ZKÆ ˆnjvq ZzœQ KGi cvVÅ KweZvq Kwe AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi bvbv BwZevPK w`K wPwn×Z
cyœQwU ˆZvi DGœP ZzGj bvPv| KGiGQb| mZKÆ KGiGQb ˆbwZevPK w`K mÁ·GKÆI| ‰ eqGmi
Avq `yi¯¦, Avq î Avgvi KuvPv|” ŠewkÓ¡Å Aâb KiGZ wMGq Kwe gƒjZ Zi‚YGì RqMvbB KGiGQb|
K. myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ g†ZzÅi cƒeÆ chÆ¯¦ ˆKvb cwòKvi mÁ·v`K wZwb gGb KGib, ‰G`Gki Zi‚GYivB RvZxq RxeGbi gƒj PvwjKvkwÚ
wQGjb? 1 nGq ‰wMGq AvmGe|
L. ‘‰G`Gki eyGK AvVvGiv AvmyK ˆbGg’@ cO&wÚwUi ZvrchÆ DóxcGKi KweZvsGk Õ©weiZv I wbøjZvq RRÆwiZ gvbyGli gvGS
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 cÉvGYi mçvi KiGZ bexbGì Avn»vb Kiv nGqGQ| ‰KBmGã mKj
M. “DóxcGK ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ewYÆZ welGqi evavGK ZzœQ KGi wbR wbR eÅwÚGZ½i Õ¹„iY NUvGbvi ZvwM` ˆÌqv
AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 nGqGQ ‰LvGb| Kwe mgmÅvcxwoZ RvwZGK D«¬vi KiGZ Zvi‚GYÅi kwÚi
N. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZv ‰es DóxcGK gƒjZ Zvi‚GYÅiB Ici Zuvi wbfÆÆiZvi K^v eÅÚ KGiGQb| ‰KBfvGe, ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’
RqMvb MvIqv nGqGQ@ ‰ welGq ˆZvgvi ˆhŒwÚK gZvgZ KweZvqI Kwe AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi bvbv BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi RvMiY
`vI| 4 Kvgbv KGiGQb|
26 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi cvVÅ KweZvq Kwe gGb KGib, AvVvGiv eQi eqmwU cÉej AvGeM I
DœQ¾vGm RxeGbi SuywK ˆbIqvi RbÅ DcGhvMx| ‰ eqGmi Zi‚YGì agÆB
K myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ g†ZzÅi cƒeÆ chÆ¯¦ ‘Š`wbK Õ¼vaxbZv’ cwòKvi mÁ·v`K
nGjv AvñZÅvGMi gnvb gG¯¨ DäxweZ nIqv@ AvNvZ-msNvGZi gGaÅ
wQGjb| iÚkc^ wbGq SuvwcGq cov| ‰LvGb wbw`ÆÓ¡fvGe AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi
L Kwe DÚ cO&wÚwUi gvaÅGg cÉZÅvkv KGiGQb, AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi ŠewkÓ¡Å ejv nGjI Zv AvmGj Zvi‚GYÅiB mvaviY ŠewkÓ¡Å| DóxcGKi
BwZevPK ŠewkÓ¡ÅàGjv ˆhb RvZxq RxeGbi PvwjKvkwÚ nGq IGV| KweZvi Þz`Ë cwimGiI gƒjZ Zvi‚GYÅi RqMvb MvIqv nGqGQ| ZvB ejv
AvVvGiv eQi eqm eü BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Å mg†«¬| ‰ eqGmi Zi‚Yiv hvq, AvGjvPÅ KweZv I DóxcGKi KweZvsk, DfqGÞGòB gyLÅ nGq
Ro-wbøj cÉ^ve«¬ RxebGK ˆcQGb ˆdGj memgq bZzb Rxeb iPbvi DGVGQ Zvi‚GYÅi RqMvGbi w`KwU|
14. Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ

cÉk²  20 Xv. êv. 2018; w`. êv. 2018; wm. êv. 2018; h. ˆmvbvwj Õ¼Gµ²i exR ecGbi cvkvcvwk kò‚i mvG^ jovB KGiGQ
êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 7 w«¼avnxb wPGî| evOvwji cÉK‡Z BwZnvm nGjv kò‚i mvG^ KLGbvB
“cwiPGq Avwg evOvwj, Avgvi AvGQ BwZnvm MGeÆi@ Avcm bv Kivi BwZnvm| ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvGZI
KLGbvB fq KwiwbGKv Avwg D`ÅZ ˆKvGbv Lo&GMi| ‰B BwZnvGmi K^vB ewYÆZ nGqGQ, hvi cÉengvbZvq hyGM hyGM
kò‚i mvG^ jovB KGiwQ, Õ¼Gµ²i mvG^ evm; weRqx nGqGQ evOvwj| ZvB evOvwj RvwZi BwZnvGmi cUf„wgGZ
AGÕÏ kvb w`GqwQ ˆhgb kmÅ KGiwQ Pvl; DóxcGKi KweZvsk AvGjvPÅ KweZvi mGã ˆPZbvMZ mv`†kÅ iÞv
‰KB nvwmgyGL evwRGqwQ euvwk, Mjvq cGiwQ duvm KGiGQ|
Avcm Kwiwb KLGbvB Avwg@ ‰B nGjv BwZnvm|” N “DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ msMÉvgx ˆPZbv ˆhb ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v
K. ‘wKse`w¯¦’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? A 1 ejwQ’ KweZvi fvemGZÅi msnZi…c”@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| A
L. ‘Zuvi wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj’@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| A 2 ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq civaxbZvi ™Ïvwb ˆ^GK DîiGYi
M. DóxcGKi BwZnvm cÉmã ‰es ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ RbÅ evOvwji `xNÆ msMÉvGgi BwZnvm DGV ‰GmGQ| ‰ KweZvq DœPvwiZ
KweZvq HwZnÅGPZbvi mv`†kÅ wbG`Æk KGiv| A 3 nGqGQ wkKom®¬vbx gvbyGli meÆvãxY gywÚi ˆNvlYv| Kwe Zuvi
N. “DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ msMÉvgx ˆPZbv ˆhb ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i ˆjLbxi gaÅ w`Gq AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì mvnmx I ˆMŒiGevä¾j
K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi fvemGZÅi msnZi…c|”@ ‰ AwfgZ BwZnvGmi K^v DcÕ©vcb KGiGQb|
gƒjÅvqb KGiv| A 4 DóxcGK evOvwji Avengvb KvGji mg†w«¬ I ˆkŒhÆ-exGhÆi K^v AwâZ
20 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi nGqGQ| BwZnvm Abym®¬vGb ˆ`Lv hvq, evOvwj K‡wlKvGR mg†w«¬
K ‘wKse`w¯¦’ kGõi A^Æ@ RbkÉ‚wZ| A ARÆGbi cvkvcvwk cÉÕ§Z ˆ^GKGQ kò‚GK ˆgvKvwejvi RbÅ| ZvB gnvb
gywÚhyG«¬i mgq AwÕ¦GZ½i cÉGqvRGb evOvwj mnGRB nvGZ ZzGj wbGZ
L evOvwj RvwZi Ici AZÅvPvGii BwZnvm eÅÚ KiGZ wMGq Kwe
ˆcGiwQj AvG™²qvÕ¨| ˆmB AGÕï AvNvGZ kò‚iv AvñmgcÆGY evaÅ
cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGiGQb| A
nGqwQj ‰es ‰fvGeB iwPZ nGqwQj evOvwji bZzb BwZnvm|
‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq Kwe AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì
‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq evOvwji exiGZ½i cwiPq dzGU
mÁ·GKÆ eGjGQb| kò‚iv AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚Gli Ici ˆh AZÅvPvi I
DGVGQ| `xNÆ msMÉvGgi c^ cvwo w`Gq Avgiv wQwbGq ‰GbwQ AvgvGì
wbhÆvZb KGiwQj Zv ‰LGbv ZvRv iGqGQ êvSvGZB iÚRevi cÉmã
Kvw›ÞZ Õ¼vaxbZv| civaxbZvi k†›LGj Ave«¬ AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì
eÅen†Z nGqGQ| civaxbZvi KviGY cƒeÆcyi‚lGì Ici evievi
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AgvbywlK AZÅvPvi ˆbGg ‰GmGQ| weG`wk kò‚iv AvgvGì mvG^
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KÌxZ`vGmi gGZv AvPiY KGiGQ| cƒeÆcyi‚lGì civaxbZv I ZvGì
DóxcGKI evOvwji Avcmnxb gvbwmKZvi cwiPq dzGU DGVGQ|
ˆmB AZÅvPvGii gvòv êvSvGZB AvGjvPÅ PiYwUi AeZviYv Kiv
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nGqGQ|
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M DóxcGK ewYÆZ evOvwji nvRvi eQGii BwZnvm eYÆbvi mGã DGV ‰GmGQ AvGjvPÅ KweZvq, Zv AviI msnZi…Gc cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ|
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mv`†kÅ cwijwÞZ nq| A
‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvwU iPbvi ˆcÉÞvcGU AvGQ evOvwji cÉk²  21 wmGjU êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 7
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KweZvwUGZ| ‰B BwZnvm gvwUi KvQvKvwQ ^vKv gvbylGì BwZnvm, g†rwkÍ¸ I ZuvZwkÍ¸| AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì ev ZuvGì ˆckvi cÉwZ
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L. ‘Zuvi wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 I ZuvGì wcGVi Mfxi ÞGZi K^vGK gGb KwiGq ˆ`q| ˆm mgq
M. DóxcGKi weG`wk ˆkvlGKi AZÅvPvi ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v Rwg`viiv AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì kÉGgi bÅvhÅgƒjÅ ˆ^GK ewçZ KiZ|
ejwQ’ KweZvi ˆKvb cÉmãGK gGb KwiGq ˆ`q? eÅvLÅv Zviv bvbvfvGe AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì ˆkvlY KiZ| Drcvw`Z dmj
KGiv| 3 wKsev kÉGgi bÅvhÅ gƒjÅ ˆZv w`ZB bv, eis LvRbv Av`vGqi bvGg
N. “DóxcGKi W. mvgv` ‰es ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ PveyKGcUv KGi ZuvGì kixGi wbgÆg ÞGZi m†wÓ¡ KiZ| AvGjvPÅ
KweZvi Kwe ŠPZbÅMZ w`K ˆ^GK Awf®²”@ g¯¦eÅwUi KweZvi ‰ w`KàGjvB DóxcGKi mgvRweævbxi K^vq DGV ‰GmGQ|
h^v^ÆZv wbiƒcY KGiv| 4 N “DóxcGKi W. mvgv` ‰es ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi
21 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi Kwe ŠPZbÅMZ w`K ˆ^GK Awf®²”@ g¯¦eÅwUi mvG^ Avwg w«¼gZ ˆcvlY
K wRn»vq DœPvwiZ cÉwZwU mZÅ kõ KweZv|
 Kwi|
‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq Kwe Zuvi cƒeÆcyi‚lGì ew±`Rxeb
L evOvwj RvwZi Ici AZÅvPvGii BwZnvm eÅÚ KiGZ wMGq Kwe
KvUvGbvi K^v eGjGQb| ZuvGì wcGV iÚRevi gGZv Mfxi ÞGZi
cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGiGQb| K^v DGÍÏL KGiGQb| ‰i cvkvcvwk wZwb ˆkKom®¬vbx gvbyGli mvweÆK
‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq Kwe AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì gywÚi `†µ¦ ˆNvlYv w`GqGQb| Kwe AvgvGì cƒeÆcyi‚lGì mvnmx, msMÉvgx
mÁ·GKÆ eGjGQb| civaxbZvi KviGY cƒeÆcyi‚lGì Ici evievi I ˆMŒiGevä¾j BwZnvGmi K^vI eGjGQb| Zuvi gGZ, AvgvGì HwZnÅ
AgvbywlK AZÅvPvi ˆbGg ‰GmGQ| wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ ejGZ nGjv K‡wlRxex, kÉwgKmn mvaviY gvbyGli jovB KGi wUGK ^vKvi
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Kiv nGqGQ| DGÍÏL KGiGQb, ZuvGì Ici weG`wk ˆkvlKGì AZÅvPvGii K^v
eGjGQb| wZwb ZuvGì ZuvGì ZÅvM-wZwZÞvi K^vI eGjGQb| wK¯§
M DóxcGKi weG`wk ˆkvlKGì AZÅvPvi ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v
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DóxcGKi weG`wk ˆkvlKGì AZÅvPvGii eYÆbvGZI ‰ w`KwUi Avfvm ‘weG`wk’ eGj DGÍÏL KiGjI Kwe Zv wbw`ÆÓ¡ KGibwb| ZvB “DóxcGKi
cvIqv hvq| W. mvgv` ‰es ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi Kwe ŠPZbÅMZ w`K
DóxcGKi LÅvwZgvb mgvRweævbx W. mvgv` Zuvi AvGjvPbvq weG`wk ˆ^GK Awf®²”@ g¯¦eÅwUi mvG^ Avwg w«¼gZ ˆcvlY KGi ejwQ, DwÚwU
ˆkvlGKi AZÅvPvGii K^v eGjGQb| Zuvi K^vq ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i cyGivcywi mZÅ bq|
15. jvjmvjy
cÉk²  41 XvKv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 8 N DóxcGKi ˆgGni Avjxi Õ¨xi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvGgbv
ˆgGni Avjx imyjcyi MÉvGgi ‰KRb weîevb ˆjvK| cÉwZcwîi gvwjK wewei ZvjvKcÉvµ¦ nIqvi NUbv ‰KmƒGò Muv^v| A
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Avjx mÁÃvGbi ˆPvGL ˆ`GL ZviB MÉvGg emevmiZ ˆmvjvqgvb AvjxGK| AæZv-KzmsÕ•vi I A®¬ agÆxq wek¼vGmi KviGY fí gwR` AvGgbv
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cÉZxK enb KGi? hywÚmnKvGi AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 DóxcGKi ˆgGni AvjxI MÉvGgi ˆmvjvqgvb Avjx bvGgi eÅwÚi
N. “DóxcGK ˆgGni Avjxi Õ¨xi Rxeb ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ‰KwbÓ¤ Abymvix| Zvi cÉwZ AvbyMZÅ cÉKvGk ˆgGni Avjxi ˆKvGbv
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KGiv| A 4 ˆgvGUI wejÁ¼ KGib bv| ‰gbwK wbGRi Õ¨xi ˆÞGò ˆmvjvqgvb
41 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi Avjxi üKzg evÕ¦evqGb wZwb Pig wbÓ¤ziZvi cwiPq ˆ`b| Zuvi Õ¨x
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Avi ‰wU êvSvGbvi RbÅB cÉGk²vÚ evKÅwU ejv nGqGQ| A myZivs, AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi AvGgbv wewe I DóxcGKi ˆgGni Avjxi Õ¨x
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M DóxcGKi ˆgGni Avjx ‘jvjmvjy’y DcbÅvGmi mÁ·`kvjx LvGjK
eÅvcvix PwiGòi cÉZxK| A cÉk²  42 ivRkvnx êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 8
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KGib MÉvGgi ˆmvjvqgvb AvjxGK| ˆmvjvqgvb Avjxi mKj K^v K. ‘jvjmvjy’ ˆKvb aiGbi DcbÅvm? 1
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nGe, ZLb ˆKvGbv hvPvB QvovB ˆgGni Avjx wbGRi Õ¨xGK ZvjvK M. DóxcGKi gvnveyGei mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK
w`GqGQb| Zuvi ‰gb ŠewkGÓ¡Åi KviGY ZuvGK ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi eÅvcvixi PwiGòi Zzjbv KGiv| 3
LvGjK eÅvcvixi cÉwZi…c KÍ¸bv Kiv hvq| DóxcGKi ˆgGni Avjxi N. “DóxcGKi cÉwZdwjZ BwZevPK RxebGPZbv ‘jvjmvjy’
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Õ¨x AvGgbv weweGK ZvjvK ˆ`q | weîevb nGjI AG®¬i gGZv AGbÅi 42 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
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BwZevPK RxebGPZbv AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGm AbycwÕ©Z|
M AvaywbK I BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi KviGY DóxcGKi gvnveye
mvGne ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi ˆPGq AGbK êwk cÉk²  43 ivRkvnx êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 9
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RbÅ AævbZvi A®¬Kvi wRBGq ivLGZ gwRGì mnGhvMx wnGmGe miKvwi PvKwii myGhvM ˆcGqI MÉnY KGibwb| wZwb MÉvGg cÉwZÓ¤v KGib
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DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne ZvGì msmvGii ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb bv ^vKvi cGiI K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
w«¼Zxq weGq Kivi wP¯¦v KGibwb KLGbv| ‰gbwK Õ¨xi gvZ‡GZ½i L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uz w c êwk, aGgÆ
i AvMvQv êwk,”@ K^vwU
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MÉnY KGiGQb| DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi M. DóxcGKi gy i v`cy i MÉ v Ggi mgvR evÕ¦ eZvi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’
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ˆPGq AvaywbK I BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi AwaKvix| ZvB Õ¨xmn mevB N. “DóxcGKi gwbi Kvw›ÞZ jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGZ cviGjI ‘jvjmvjy’
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eÅvcvix AvGMB w«¼Zxq weGq KGiGQb| ZvQvov A®¬ KzmsÕ•vGi wbgwäZ 43 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
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eÅvcvixi PwiGò AvñghÆv`vnxbZv I eÅwÚZ½nxbZvi cwiPq Õ·Ó¡ nGq gvbyGli Zv ˆ^GK DîiGYi ˆPÓ¡vi ˆPGq Z^vKw^Z agÆPPÆvi cÉwZ
IGV| mvweÆK w`K weGePbvq ejv hvq, AvaywbK I BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi AwaK AvMÉGni w`KwUGK êvSvGbv nGqGQ|
KviGY DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm AfvecxwoZ ‰K Rbeüj AçGji K^v ejv
ˆPGq AGbK êwk eÅwÚZ½mÁ·®²| nGqGQ| wK¯§ ˆmLvbKvi gvbyl Abvnvi ˆ^GK euvPGZ dmj Drcv`Gb
N DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGnGei PwiGò ˆh BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi
hðkxj bv nGq agÆPPÆvq êwk eÅÕ¦ ^vGK| A^Ævr dmj Drcv`b KGi
ewntcÉKvk jÞ Kiv hvq, Zv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKv^vI ˆmfvGe Afve `ƒi Kivi RbÅ hZUzKz hðkxj nIqv cÉGqvRb Zv Zviv KGi bv|
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dzGU IGVwb|A
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NGi ZzGjGQb| Avevi fí gwRGì K^v ÷Gb AvGgbv weweGK ZvjvK
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ˆbwZevPK I eÅwÚZ½nxbZvi w`KwUB Õ·Ó¡ nGq DGVGQ| ‰Qvov DcbÅvGm AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi NUbvi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ nGjI DfqMÉvGgi
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DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne weG`Gk wMGq AGbK mÁ·Gì gvwjK D®²qbKGÍ¸ Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| wK¯§ MÉvGgi agÆeÅemvqx gwR`
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Õ¨x kvwggvi gvZ‡n†`Gqi AZ‡µ¦ m¯¦vb jvGfi evmbv cƒiY KiGZ wZwb DóxcGKi gwbi MÉvGg Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KGi| Zuvi MÉvGgi eGqvGRÅÓ¤Gì
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Zuvi Abycg eÅwÚGZ½i cwiPq cvIqv hvq| cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ hvIqvi eÅvcviwU DóxcK I DcbÅvGm mv`†kÅcƒYÆ nGjI
eGqvGRÅÓ¤Gì f„wgKv wQj Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ| KviY, DóxcGKi MÉvgevmxiv Rwgjv NywgGq cGoGQ| ‰ KviGY gwR` wbgÆgfvGe RwgjvGK Nyg
AGbK D`vi| ZvB ZvGì mnvqZvq Õ•zj ‰wMGq wMGqGQ| AbÅw`GK ˆ^GK RvwMGq ˆZvGj| Rwgjv ‰gb eÅenvGii cÉwZev`Õ¼i…c bvgvR
DcbÅvGm gwR` I LvGjK eÅvcvix ‰ eÅvcvGi AvØvmGK ˆKvGbv covi K^v bv eGj Pzc KGi eGm ^vGK| ciw`b mKvGj gwR` ‰
mnGhvwMZv KGiwb| eis AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi cÉGPÓ¡vGK Zviv bmÅvr welq wbGq ZvGK I Zvi cwievi wbGq K^v ejGZ ^vKGj N†Yv I
KGi ˆ`q| Avi ‰w`KwU DóxcGKi mvG^ AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvmGK ivGM Rwgjvi gyLUv KvGVi gGZv kÚ nGq IGV|
Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ KGi ZzGjGQ| myZivs, DóxcGKi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi AvKv›ÞvwU M AvaywbK I BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi KviGY DóxcGKi gvnveye
mv`†kÅcƒYÆ nGjI MÉvGgi mgvRevÕ¦eZvi w`KwU mÁ·ƒYÆ wecixZ| mvGne ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi ˆPGq AGbK êwk
N mgvRevÕ¦eZvi KviGY DóxcGKi gwbi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ AMÉmi gvbyl|
cviGjI DcbÅvGmi AvØvm Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KGi MÉvGgi gvbylGK wkwÞZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvix gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi f„Õ¼vgx I
KGi ZzjGZ cvGiwb| cÉfve-cÉwZcwîi AwaKvix| gvbyGli gbGK weKwkZ nGZ bv ˆÌqvi
DcbÅvGmi AvØvm PwiòwU mgvGRi cÉMwZkxj hyemgvGRi cÉwZwbwaZ½ RbÅ AævbZvi A®¬Kvi wRBGq ivLGZ gwRGì mnGhvMx wnGmGe
KGi| Zvi Õ¼µ² wQj MÉvGgi gvbyGli RbÅ ‰KwU Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGe| LvGjK eÅvcvixGK ˆ`Lv hvq| A®¬ KzmsÕ•vGi wbgwäZ nIqvi KviGY
‰ eÅvcvGi ˆm MÉvGgi KviI mnGhvwMZv cvq bv| eis fí gwR` I fí gwRGì K^vq wbGRi Õ¨x AvGgbv weweGK ZvjvK ˆ`b wZwb|
gvZe»i LvGjK eÅvcvix Zvi AvKv›ÞvGK ˆnq cÉwZc®² KGi ‰es Zuvi DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne ZvGì msmvGii ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb bv ^vKvi cGiI
Õ¼µ² ˆfGO ˆ`q| w«¼Zxq weGq Kivi wP¯¦v KGibwb KLGbv| ‰gbwK Õ¨xi gvZ‡GZ½i
DóxcGKi gwbi ˆnvGmbI Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| wkwÞZ gwbi AGbK AvKv›Þvi ghÆv`v w`GZ êvGbi beRvZKGK wbR m¯¦vb wnGmGe wZwb
ˆPÓ¡v I kÉGgi ci Õ•zjwU cÉwZÕ¤v KiGZ mÞg nq| MÉvGgi eGqvGRÅÓ¤ MÉnY KGiGQb| DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
eÅwÚGì mnGhvwMZvq ‰wMGq PGj Zvi cÉvYwcÉq cÉwZÓ¤vb| fvGjv PvKwii LvGjK eÅvcvix DfGqB wbtm¯¦vb| wK¯§ gvnveye mvGne LvGjK eÅvcvixi
myGhvM ˆcGqI Zv bv KGi ‰fvGeB Zuvi Õ¼µ² cƒiY KGi gwbi| A^Ævr, ˆPGq AvaywbK I BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi AwaKvix| ZvB Õ¨xmn mevB
Zuvi Õ¼µ² evÕ¦evqGb MÉvGgi MYÅgvbÅ eÅwÚGì wQj Õ¼ZtÕ¹„ZÆ mnvqZv| w«¼Zxq weGqi civgkÆ w`GjI wZwb ivwR nbwb| AbÅw`GK, LvGjK
DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi Õ¼µ² ‰KwU AcƒYÆ I P„YÆ nGq hvIqv Õ¼µ²| agÆ- eÅvcvix AvGMB w«¼Zxq weGq KGiGQb| ZvQvov A®¬ KzmsÕ•vGi wbgwäZ
eÅemvqx aƒZÆ gwR` eÅwÚÕ¼vG^Æ AvNvZ jvMvi fGq AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi nIqvi KviGY wbGRi Õ¨x AvGgbvGK ZvjvK w`GZI w«¼avGeva KGibwb|
cÉGPÓ¡vGK mÁ·ƒYÆfvGe cÉwZnZ KGi| MÉvGgi mvaviY gvbyl, gwR` I fí agÆ eÅemvqx gwRGì ˆbZ‡GZ½i KvGQ bwZ Õ¼xKvGii gvaÅGg LvGjK
LvGjK eÅvcvix hw` AvØvmGK ‰ eÅvcvGi mnGhvwMZv KiZ ZvnGj Zvi eÅvcvixi PwiGò AvñghÆv`vnxbZv I eÅwÚZ½nxbZvi cwiPq Õ·Ó¡ nGq
Õ¼µ²I cƒiY nGZv| A^Ævr, myÕ© mgvReÅeÕ©vi KviGY gwbi Kvw›ÞZ IGV| mvweÆK w`K weGePbvq ejv hvq, AvaywbK I BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi
jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGZ cviGjI wei…c Õ¼v^ÆvG®¼lx mgvR evÕ¦eZvi KviGY KviGY DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm mdj nGZ cvGiwb| ˆPGq AGbK êwk eÅwÚZ½mÁ·®²|
N DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGnGei PwiGò ˆh BwZevPK gvbwmKZvi
ewntcÉKvk jÞ Kiv hvq, Zv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKv^vI ˆmfvGe
gvnveye mvGne gaÅcÉvGPÅ wMGq AGXj UvKv DcvRÆb KGiGQb| ‰jvKvi
ivÕ¦v, ˆmZz, gmwR` I gw±ì ŠZwiGZ Zuvi AKvZi `vb iGqGQ| dzGU IGVwb|A
wbtm¯¦vb gvnveyGei wcZ‡-n†`Gqi AvÕ¼v` cƒiGY AGbGKB ZvGK w«¼Zxq
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm LvGjK eÅvcvix gne»ZbMGii gvZe»i| wZwb Zuvi
weGqi civgkÆ ˆ`b| Õ¨x kvwggvI ZuvGK ‰ cÉÕ¦ve ˆ`b| gvnveye Zvi
cÉ^g Õ¨x AvGgbv weweGK fvGjvevmGjI Zvby weweGK w«¼Zxq Õ¨x wnGmGe
‰K êvGbi beRvZKGK wbR m¯¦vb wnGmGe cÉwZcvjb KGi Õ¨x NGi ZzGjGQb| Avevi fí gwRGì K^v ÷Gb AvGgbv weweGK ZvjvK
kvwggvi gvZ‡-n†`Gqi AZ‡µ¦ evmbv cƒiY KGib| w`GZI w«¼av KGibwb| ‰ KviGY Zuvi PwiGò BwZevPK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi ˆPGq
K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi cÉ^g Õ¨xi bvg Kx? ˆbwZevPK I eÅwÚZ½nxbZvi w`KwUB Õ·Ó¡ nGq DGVGQ| ‰Qvov DcbÅvGm
1
L. “ˆKej axGi axGi KvGVi gGZv kÚ nGq IGV Zvi gyLUv”@gwR` PwiòwU DGV ‰GmGQ fí, Lj I agÆ eÅemvqx wnGmGe| Avi
Kvi gyL kÚ nGq IGV, ˆKb? gwRGì mKj KvGR LvGjK mnGhvwMZv KGiGQb|
2
M. DóxcGKi gvnveyGei mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGne weG`Gk wMGq AGbK mÁ·Gì gvwjK
eÅvcvixi PwiGòi Zzjbv KGiv| nGqGQb| ‰jvKvi D®²qbgƒjK KvGR wZwb memgq `vb KGib|
3
N. “DóxcGKi cÉwZdwjZ BwZevPK RxebGPZbv ‘jvjmvjy’ wbtm¯¦vb nIqvq mevB w«¼Zxq weGq KiGZ ejGjI wZwb Zv KGibwb|
DcbÅvGm AbycwÕ©Z|”@ DwÚwU cixÞv KGiv| Õ¨x kvwggvi gvZ‡n†`Gqi AZ‡µ¦ m¯¦vb jvGfi evmbv cƒiY KiGZ wZwb
4
44 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi êvGbi m¯¦vbGK jvjbcvjGbi `vwqZ½ wbGqGQb, hvi gaÅ w`Gq gƒjZ
Zuvi Abycg eÅwÚGZ½i cwiPq cvIqv hvq|
K LvGjK eÅvcvixi cÉ^g Õ¨xi bvg AvGgbv| A
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AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGm LvGjK eÅvcvixi PwiGò ˆbwZevPK w`KwU cÉKU nGq
L gwRGì kvmbgƒjK K^v ÷Gb Rwgjvi gyL axGi axGi KvGVi aiv w`GjI DóxcGKi gvnveye mvGnGei Pwiò BwZevPK bvbv KgÆKvGí
gGZv kÚ nGq IGV| A cwicƒYÆ| DcbÅvGmi AbÅZg cÉavb Pwiò wnGmGe gwR` PwiòwU
gwR` bvgvR coGZ ejvq Rwgjv m®¬Åvi ciciB bvgvR cGo NywgGq DcÕ©vwcZ nGqGQ| gwR` wbGR wUGK ^vKvi RbÅ MÉvGgi mij gvbyGli
cGo| wK¯§ ZvGK NygvGZ ˆ`GL gwR` gGb KGi bvgvR bv cGoB agÆxq wek¼vmGK KvGR jvwMGq mÁ·Gì cvnvo MGoGQ| Avi ‰ KvGR ˆm
LvGjK eÅvcvixi gGZv cÉfvekvjxGK cvGk ˆcGqGQ| wK¯§ DóxcGKi mnGhvwMZv KGiwb| eis AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi cÉGPÓ¡vGK Zviv bmÅvr
gvnveye mvGne ‰Gì ˆ^GK mÁ·ƒYÆ Avjv`v| BwZevPK KgÆKví w`Gq KGi ˆ`q| Avi ‰w`KwU DóxcGKi mvG^ AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvmGK
wZwb Zuvi RxebGK mvwRGq ZzGjGQb| ‰GZ ZuvGK KvDGK KÓ¡ w`GZ Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ KGi ZzGjGQ| myZivs, DóxcGKi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi AvKv›ÞvwU
nqwb| wbGRI AGbK myL Avkv KGibwb| myZivs, DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ nGjI MÉvGgi mgvRevÕ¦eZvi w`KwU mÁ·ƒYÆ wecixZ|
BwZevPK RxebGPZbv AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGm AbycwÕ©Z|
N mgvRevÕ¦eZvi KviGY DóxcGKi gwbi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ
cÉk²  45 w`bvRcyi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 9 cviGjI DcbÅvGmi AvØvm Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KGi MÉvGgi gvbylGK wkwÞZ
gyiv`cyi ‰KwU AeGnwjZ MÉvg| MÉvgwU ˆhvMvGhvMeÅeÕ©vq ˆhgb wcwQGq KGi ZzjGZ cvGiwb|
Zvi ˆPGq êwk wkÞvq| bvixwkÞvq wcwQGq ^vKvq MÉvGg evjÅweGq wbZÅ- DcbÅvGmi AvØvm PwiòwU mgvGRi cÉMwZkxj hyemgvGRi cÉwZwbwaZ½
ŠbwgwîK eÅvcvi| MÉvGgi ˆQGj gwbi ˆnvGmb ‰g‰mwm cvk KGi KGi| Zvi Õ¼µ² wQj MÉvGgi gvbyGli RbÅ ‰KwU Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGe|
miKvwi PvKwii myGhvM ˆcGqI MÉnY KGibwb| wZwb MÉvGg cÉwZÓ¤v KGib ‰ eÅvcvGi ˆm MÉvGgi KviI mnGhvwMZv cvq bv| eis fí gwR` I
‰KwU evwjKv we`Åvjq| ‰Qvov ˆmjvB I KwÁ·DUvi cÉwkÞY ˆK±`Ê gvZe»i LvGjK eÅvcvix Zvi AvKv›ÞvGK ˆnq cÉwZc®² KGi ‰es Zuvi
Õ©vcb KGi ˆgGqGì KgÆgyLx wkÞvq D`&ey«¬ KGib| Õ¼µ² ˆfGO ˆ`q|
DóxcGKi gwbi ˆnvGmbI Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| wkwÞZ gwbi AGbK
K. ‘jvjmvjy’ ˆKvb aiGbi DcbÅvm? 1
ˆPÓ¡v I kÉGgi ci Õ•zjwU cÉwZÕ¤v KiGZ mÞg nq| MÉvGgi eGqvGRÅÓ¤
L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk,”@ K^vwU
eÅwÚGì mnGhvwMZvq ‰wMGq PGj Zvi cÉvYwcÉq cÉwZÓ¤vb| fvGjv PvKwii
«¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
myGhvM ˆcGqI Zv bv KGi ‰fvGeB Zuvi Õ¼µ² cƒiY KGi gwbi| A^Ævr,
M. DóxcGKi gyiv`cyi MÉvGgi mgvRevÕ¦eZvi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’
Zuvi Õ¼µ² evÕ¦evqGb MÉvGgi MYÅgvbÅ eÅwÚGì wQj Õ¼ZtÕ¹„ZÆ mnvqZv|
DcbÅvGmi gnee»bMi MÉvGgi mgvRevÕ¦eZvi Zzjbv KGiv|3
DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi Õ¼µ² ‰KwU AcƒYÆ I P„YÆ nGq hvIqv Õ¼µ²| agÆ-
N. “DóxcGKi gwbi Kvw›ÞZ jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGZ cviGjI
eÅemvqx aƒZÆ gwR` eÅwÚÕ¼vG^Æ AvNvZ jvMvi fGq AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm mdj nqwb|”@ g¯¦eÅwU wePvi
cÉGPÓ¡vGK mÁ·ƒYÆfvGe cÉwZnZ KGi| MÉvGgi mvaviY gvbyl, gwR` I
KGiv| 4
LvGjK eÅvcvix hw` AvØvmGK ‰ eÅvcvGi mnGhvwMZv KiZ ZvnGj Zvi
Õ¼µ²I cƒiY nGZv| A^Ævr, myÕ© mgvReÅeÕ©vi KviGY gwbi Kvw›ÞZ
K ‘jvjymvjy’ ‰KwU mvgvwRK mgmÅvgƒjK DcbÅvm| A jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGZ cviGjI wei…c Õ¼v^ÆvG®¼lx mgvR evÕ¦eZvi KviGY
L AvGjvPÅ DwÚwU «¼viv cÉPí AfvGei gGaÅ ˆ^GKI mvaviY ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm mdj nGZ cvGiwb|
gvbyGli Zv ˆ^GK DîiGYi ˆPÓ¡vi ˆPGq Z^vKw^Z agÆPPÆvi cÉwZ
AwaK AvMÉGni w`KwUGK êvSvGbv nGqGQ| cÉk²  46 KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 8
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm AfvecxwoZ ‰K Rbeüj AçGji K^v ejv Zzwnb e®¬yGì wbGq gayLvjx b`xi ZxGi êovGZ ˆMj| ZvGì ˆLqv
nGqGQ| wK¯§ ˆmLvbKvi gvbyl Abvnvi ˆ^GK euvPGZ dmj Drcv`Gb ˆbŒKvi gvwS ‘nvwbd’ b`xi jç UvwgÆbvGji cvGk AvÕ¦vbv ˆMGoGQ|
hðkxj bv nGq agÆPPÆvq êwk eÅÕ¦ ^vGK| A^Ævr dmj Drcv`b KGi MZ wZb w`b AvGMI ˆhLvGb gvbyGli wbkvbv wQj bv, ˆmLvGb jvj
KvcGoi mxgvbv| BGZvgGaÅ ˆmLvGb AGbK ˆjvK RGov nGqGQ ‰es
Afve `ƒi Kivi RbÅ hZUzKz hðkxj nIqv cÉGqvRb Zv Zviv KGi bv|
‘nvwbd’GK wNGi wRwKi KiGQ| nvwbGdi gwngv ewYÆZ nGœQ| gvwUGZ
cÞv¯¦Gi Zviv ˆh agÆ wbGq evovevwo KGi ˆmUvI evwnÅK, ‰Uv ZvGì
weQvGbv jvj KvcGo UvKv-cqmvi Õ¦„c|
A¯¦Gii welq nGq DVGZ cvGiwb| Avi ‰ KviGYB ZvGì gb agxÆq bvbv
KzmsÕ•vGi AvœQ®²| ‰gbwK ˆKD ˆKD agÆGK eÅwÚÕ¼vG^Æ eÅenvi KiGZI K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk|” eywSGq ˆjGLv|2
wcQcv nq bv| Avi ZvB ˆjLK AvGjvPÅ DwÚwU KGiGQb|
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ NUbvi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb NUbv
M DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ MÉvGgi ˆQGj gwbi ˆnvGmGbi f„wgKv DcbÅvGmi
 Abyi…c? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi NUbvi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ nGjI DfqMÉvGgi N. “DóxcGKi nvwbd’ ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì
mgvRevÕ¦eZv mÁ·ƒYÆ Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ| AvñcÉwZÓ¤v ‰KB e†Gî Ave«¬|”@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ w`Gq
DcbÅvGmi AvØvm PwiòwU wkwÞZ ˆQGj wnGmGe DGV ‰GmGQ| ˆm MÉvGgi eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
D®²qbKGÍ¸ Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| wK¯§ MÉvGgi agÆeÅemvqx gwR` 46 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
I gvZe»i LvGjK eÅvcvix ‰i ˆNvi cÉwZev` KGi| ZvGì ˆZvGci K LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨xi bvg Zvby wewe| A
gyGL AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi Õ¼µ² evÕ¦e i…c jvf KiGZ cvGi bv| L AvGjvPÅ DwÚwU «¼viv cÉPí AfvGei gGaÅ ˆ^GKI mvaviY
DóxcGKi gwbi MÉvGg Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KGi| Zuvi MÉvGgi eGqvGRÅÓ¤Gì gvby Gli Zv ˆ^GK DîiGYi ˆPÓ¡vi ˆPGq Z^vKw^Z agÆPPÆvi cÉwZ
‰GZ AGbK eGov f„wgKv wQj, Zv mnGRB Abygvb Kiv hvq| Õ•zj AwaK AvMÉGni w`KwUGK êvSvGbv nGqGQ|
cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ hvIqvi eÅvcviwU DóxcK I DcbÅvGm mv`†kÅcƒYÆ nGjI ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm AfvecxwoZ ‰K Rbeüj AçGji K^v ejv
eGqvGRÅÓ¤Gì f„wgKv wQj Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ| KviY, DóxcGKi MÉvgevmxiv nGqGQ| wK¯§ ˆmLvbKvi gvbyl Abvnvi ˆ^GK euvPGZ dmj Drcv`Gb
AGbK D`vi| ZvB ZvGì mnvqZvq Õ•zj ‰wMGq wMGqGQ| AbÅw`GK hðkxj bv nGq agÆPPÆvq êwk eÅÕ¦ ^vGK| A^Ævr dmj Drcv`b KGi
DcbÅvGm gwR` I LvGjK eÅvcvix ‰ eÅvcvGi AvØvmGK ˆKvGbv Afve `ƒi Kivi RbÅ hZUzKz hðkxj nIqv cÉGqvRb Zv Zviv KGi bv|
cÞv¯¦Gi Zviv ˆh agÆ wbGq evovevwo KGi ˆmUvI evwnÅK, ‰Uv ZvGì K. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi BDwbqb êvGWÆi ˆcÉwmGWG´Ÿi bvg Kx? 1
A¯¦Gii welq nGq DVGZ cvGiwb| Avi ‰ KviGYB ZvGì gb agxÆq bvbv L. “`wjj `Õ¦vGeR Rvj nq, wK¯§ ˆLv`vZvjvi Kvjvg Rvj nq
KzmsÕ•vGi AvœQ®²| ‰gbwK ˆKD ˆKD agÆGK eÅwÚÕ¼vG^Æ eÅenvi KiGZI bv|”@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
wcQcv nq bv| Avi ZvB ˆjLK AvGjvPÅ DwÚwU KGiGQb| M. “DóxcGKi nbydv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngvi gGZvB NGii
M DóxcGK ewYÆZ nvwbGdi wbGRGK wci wnGmGe cÉwZÓ¤vi NUbvwU LuywU|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤vi NUbvwUi Abyi…c| A N. “DóxcGK ewYÆZ nbydv m¯¦vb bv ^vKvq AZ‡µ¦, wK¯§
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q wKQyUv cwicƒYÆ|”
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ RxebhyG«¬ msMÉvgx gwR` wbGRi R¯ÃÕ©vb
KxfvGe? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
ˆ^GK eü`ƒGii gne»ZbMGi ‰KwU cyivZb RxYÆ KeiGK ˆgv`vGœQi
wcGii gvRvi wnGmGe ˆNvlYv KGi| ˆm IB ‰jvKvi gvbylGì ê‰Gjg
eGj AwfwnZ KGi| wK¯§ agÆxq DGóGkÅ gwR` gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGiwb| K ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm BDwbqb êvGWÆi ˆcÉwmGWG´Ÿi bvg gZjye Luv| A

Zvi DGókÅ wQj agÆ eÅvemv| Avi ‰fvGe gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤vi gvaÅGg L ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi fí gwR` Zvi ˆÌqv cvwbcov, cÉwZ«¼±`¾x
gvbyGli agÆxq `yeÆjZvi myGhvM wbGq ˆm mÁ·`kvjx nGqGQ| wcGii bvGg LvIqvGbv nGe ÷Gb ˆLGc wMGq cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGi| A
DóxcGK AvGjvwPZ nvwbGdi wbGRGK wci wnGmGe cÉwZÓ¤vi NUbv LvGjK eÅvcvixi cÉ^g Õ¨x AvGgbv wewe m¯¦vb Kvgbvq AvIqvjcyGi
AGbKUv ‰KB iKg| ˆh ‰Kmgq ˆbŒKvi gvwS wQj, ˆm ivZvivwZ Avmv bZzb wcGii KvQ ˆ^GK cvwbcov ˆLGZ Pvq| wK¯§ fí gwRGì
wci wnGmGe AvñcÉKvk KGiGQ| ˆmI aGgÆi DGóGkÅ wbGRGK cÉwZÓ¤v mvG^ ˆmB wcGii Õ¼v^ÆMZ «¼±«¼ ^vKvi KviGY eÅvcvix Zvi ˆQvGUv Õ¨xi
KGiwb| ZviI DGókÅ agÆ eÅvemvi gvaÅGg wbGRi AvGLi ˆMvQvGbv| fvB ajv wgqvGK ˆMvcGb ivGZi A®¬KvGi AvIqvjcyGi wMGq
‰GZ gwRGì gGZv ˆmI mdj| mvaviY gvbyl cyGYÅi Avkvq gvwUGZ cvwbcov AvbGZ eGj| wK¯§ ajv wgqv fxZz cÉK‡wZi ˆjvK nIqvq
weQvGbv jvj KvcGoi Ici UvKv ˆdGj Õ¦„c evwbGq w`GqGQ| ZvB ivGZi A®¬KvGi ˆmLvGb bv wMGq gwRGì KvGQ AvGm cvwbcov
ejv hvq, DóxcGKi nvwbGdi ivZvivwZ wci nGq hvIqvi NUbvwU wbGZ| Avi gwR`GK ‰B cvwbcov ˆÌqvi K^v ˆMvcb ivLGZ eGj|
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm gwRGì gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤vi NUbvwUi Abyi…c| gwRGì cvwbcov AvIqvjcyGi AvMZ wcGii bvGg PvwjGq ˆÌqvi
nVKvwiZvcƒYÆ cÉÕ¦vGe gwR` îGM wMGq cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGi|
N DfGqB agÆ eÅvemvGK AvkÉq KGi AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi ˆPÓ¡v Kivq
M msmvGii mKj `vwqZ½ wbÓ¤vi mvG^ cvjGbi gvaÅGg DóxcGKi
DóxcGKi nvwbd ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` ‰KB e†Gî Ave«¬|A
nbydv ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngviB cÉwZi…c nGq DGVGQ| A
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm gwR` AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ gvRvi eÅvemv ÷i‚ KGiGQ|
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngv PwiGòi gGaÅ ‰ AçGji MÉvgxY bvixi
ˆKvGbv agÆxq ˆPZbv ev KjÅvYKi gvbwmKZv ˆ^GK gwR` gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤v cÉ^vMZ RxebevÕ¦eZvi Qvc jÞYxq| iwngv myÕ¼vGÕ©Åi AwaKvix
KGiwb| `vwi`ËÅcxwoZ Rxeb ‰es MvGiv cvnvGoi KGÓ¡i AwfæZv ˆ^GK wK¯§ ˆm Vv´£v ‰es agÆfxi‚ gvbyl| Õ¼vgx gwRGì cÉwZ Zvi AMva
gywÚ ˆcGZ, RxweKv ARÆGbi ZvwMG` ˆm gne»ZbMGi ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii mÁÃvb, kÉ«¬v I fq| Õ¼vgxi cÉwZ AvbyMZÅ ‰es cÉ^vgGZv Rxebhvòv
gvRvi LyGj eGm| ÷i‚ nq Zvi igigv agÆ eÅvemv| Zvi AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å| msmvGii mKj KvR ˆm AZÅ¯¦ wbcyYfvGe
DóxcGKi nvwbdI mvaviY agÆfxi‚ gvbylGì VwKGq A^ÆjvGfi Avkvq mÁ·®² KGi| ˆKvGbv KvGRB ˆhb Zvi KÑvw¯¦ ˆbB|
wbGRGK wci wnGmGe cÉwZÓ¤v KGiGQ| cyGivcywi AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi AvKv›Þv DóxcGK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm wPi¯¦b evOvwj bvixi RxebwPò
ˆ^GK ˆm ivZvivwZ wci nGqGQ| Zvi ‰ KgÆKvGí fívwg, kVZv ‰es DG¯ÃvwPZ nGqGQ iwngv I nbydv PwiGò| evOvwj bvixiv mvaviYZ
myGhvMm®¬vbx gGbvfvGei cwiPq Qvov Avi wKQy cvIqv hvq bv| g†ZzÅ Qvov Õ¼vgxM†n ZÅvM KGi bv| M†Gni me KvR Zviv Avcb KGi
DóxcK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm h^vKÌGg nvwbd I gwR` AvñcÉwZÓ¤vq ˆbq| iwngv I nbydvi gGaÅ evOvwj bvixi ‰ mKj àGYi mgÕ¦B jÞ
msMÉvgx `yB eÅwÚ| hwÌ ZvGì AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi c^wU mÁ·ƒYÆ A‹bwZK| Kiv hvq| Zviv cwieviGK fvGjvGeGm msmvGii mKj KvRGK Avcb
`yRbB AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ mvaviY gvbyGli agÆxq `yeÆjZvGK KvGR KGi wbGqGQ| w`b-ivZ cwikÉg Kivi ciI ZvGì KÑvw¯¦ ˆbB| NGii
jvwMGq agÆGK eÅvemv wnGmGe êGQ wbGqGQ| ‰GÞGò Zviv `yRbB LuywU ˆhgb ‰KwU NiGK ùvo KwiGq ivGL, ˆZgwb nbydv I iwngv
aGgÆi cÉwZ gvbyGli fxwZGK KvGR jvwMGqGQ| ˆmw`K weGePbvq DfqB NGii LuywUi gGZv wbGRGì msmvGii ài‚fvi enb KiGQ|
Avgiv ejGZ cvwi, “DóxcGKi nvwbd ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi  N DóxcGKi nbydv m¯¦vb Kvgbvq AZ‡µ¦ ^vKGjI DcbÅvGmi
gwRGì AvñcÉwZÓ¤v ‰KB e†Gî Ave«¬”@ cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU h^v^Æ| iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q gwRGì w«¼Zxq Õ¨x Rwgjvi mvw®²GaÅ wKQyUv cwiZ‡wµ¦
jvf KGiGQ| A
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gvRvi eÅemvqx kV gwRGì cÉ^g Õ¨x iwngv|
gwng Avwji msmvGii mKj `vwqZ½ Zvi Õ¨x nbydvi| ˆhŒ^ cwievGi gvRvi I Õ¼vgxi cÉwZ AZÅwaK kÉ«¬vGeva iGqGQ Zvi| wK¯§ m¯¦vb bv
MÉvgxY msmvGii iv®²vev®²v ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi avb ÷KvGbv, gvovGbv, ^vKvq Zvi gGbi gGaÅ ‰KUv `ytLGeva KvR KiZ| iwngvi m¯¦vb
M†ncvwjZ nuvm-gyiwM, Mi‚-QvMGji Z`viwK meB kÚ nvGZ mvgjvb| R¯Ã w`GZ bv cvivGK ˆK±`Ê KGi gwR` w«¼Zxqevi weGq KGi
‰gbwK AvñxqÕ¼RGbi mvG^ ˆhvMvGhvM, ZvGì gvb iÞv meB RwgjvGK NGi ˆZvGj| wK¯§ iwngv AÍ¸ eqwm RwgjvGK mwZb fvGe
nbydvi ài‚`vwqZ½| ‰GZ Zvi Av¯¦wiKZvi ˆKvGbv NvUwZ ev KÑvw¯¦ bv eis Zvi A¯¦Gi Rwgjvi cÉwZ m¯¦vbevrmjÅ ˆRGM IGV|
ˆbB| wK¯§ ‘nbydv’GK gvGS gvGS AmnvqZ½ I ‰KvwKZ½ MÉvm KGi| DóxcGKi nbydvi gGaÅ kvk¼Z evOvwj bvixi mKj àGYi weÕ¦vi jÞ
gwng Avwj nbydvi ‰KvwKZ½ Abyfe KGi| KviY Zviv wbtm¯¦vb| Kiv hvq| wZwb Õ¼vgx-msmvi wbGq eÅÕ¦ mgq KvUvb| wK¯§ Zvi
RxeGbI wQj m¯¦vbcÉvwµ¦i AcƒYÆZv| ‰ KviGY gvGS gvGS nbydv MÉvGgi gvbylGì mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi kmÅnxb AçGji
wbGRGK eGov ‰Kjv gGb KGib| gwng Avwj Zvi Õ¨xi gGbi AeÕ©v gvbyGli meÆMvÉ mx Þzavi Zvobvi wgj ˆ`Lv hvq| AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi
eySGZ cvGib ‰es wbGRI KÓ¡ cvb| gwR` wbGRi Þzavi R¾vjv wbeviY KiGZ Ni-evwo ˆQGo MvGiv
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ nGqGQ iwngvi mvG^ gvRvGii LvG`g gwRGì cvnvGo hvq| wK¯§ ˆmLvGbI Zvi Lv`Åvfve ˆgGU bv| ZvB ˆm
`xNÆw`Gbi msmviRxeGbi K^v| Õ¼vgxi cÉwZ AZÅwaK kÉ«¬vGeva iGqGQ gne»ZbMi MÉvGg ‰Gm Zvi ˆkl mÁ¼j agÆGK nvwZqvi KGi wg^Åv
mnawgÆYx iwngvi| wK¯§ m¯¦vb bv nIqvq Zvi gGaÅ ‰K aiGbi nZvkv gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGi| aGgÆi ˆgvoGK wg^ÅvGK cuywR KGi wbGRi AwÕ¦Z½
KvR KiZ| `xNÆw`b msmvi hvcGbi ci m¯¦vb Kvgbvq gwR` w«¼Zxqevi iÞvi msMÉvg PvwjGq ˆhGZ ^vGK| ‰me w`K wePvGi DóxcGK
weGq KGi AÍ¸ eqwm RwgjvGK NGi AvGb| wbtm¯¦vb iwngv Kg eqwm ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi kmÅnxb AçGji gvbyGli Rxeb euvPvGZ QyGU
Pçj Rwgjvi gvaÅGg ˆhb wbGRi gvZ‡Z½GK Abyfe KGi| Rwgjvi mã Pjv I AwÕ¦Z½ iÞvi msMÉvGgi w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ ejv hvq|
Zvi m¯¦vGbi AfveGK AGbKUvB cƒYÆ KGi ˆ`q| ‰w`K w`Gq DóxcGKi N `wi`ËZv ˆ^GK gywÚ ˆcGZ nxb c^ AejÁ¼b KGi AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi
nbydvi m¯¦vb Kvgbv AZ‡µ¦, wK¯§ iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q wKQyUv cwiZ‡µ¦|
ˆPÓ¡v Kivq DóxcGKi kwdK ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR`
DfGqi gvGSB AwÕ¦Z½ev`x ˆPZbv cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ| A
b`xfvOGb meÆÕ¼v¯¦ nGZ eGmGQ kÅvgjQvqv MÉvGgi ˆLGU LvIqv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm gwR` ˆh gvRvi eÅvemv ÷i‚ KGiGQ, Zvi gƒGj
gvbyGliv| RxweKv wbeÆvGni Avkvq ZvGì AGbGKB QyUGQ `ƒi-`ƒivG¯¦|
agÆ cÉwZÓ¤v wQj bv, wQj AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi msMÉvg| ˆKvGbv agÆxq ˆPZbv
AwbwøZ fwelÅr ˆRGbI Zviv fvMÅ cwieZÆGbi Õ¼Gµ² weGfvi| fvMÅ- ˆ^GK gwR` gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGiwb| `ywfÆÞcxwoZ Rxeb ‰es MvGiv
weowÁ¼Z ‰gbB ‰K hyeK kwdGKi VuvB nq knGii ewÕ¦GZ| wiKkv cvnvGoi KGÓ¡ Pjv Rxeb ˆ^GK gywÚ ˆcGZ I RxweKv ARÆGbi
PvjvGbv w`Gq RxweKv ÷i‚ KiGjI A‹ea eÅvemvi mGã hyÚ nGq ZvwMG` ˆm gne»ZbMGi ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGi| ÷i‚
cÉfve-cÉwZcwîmn ‰Lb ˆm AwfRvZ ‰jvKvi evwm±`v| nq Zvi igigv agÆ eÅvemv|
K. ‘êPvBb’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
DóxcGKi kwdKI wei…c mvgvwRK AeÕ©v ˆ^GK DîiGYi RbÅ
L. “wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm ˆPvL|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
A‹ea c^ êGQ wbGqGQ| AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi AvKv›Þv ˆ^GK wiKkv
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Amnvq gvbylGì RxebvPiGYi mGã
PvjvGbv ÷i‚ KiGjI cieZÆx mgGq A‹ea eÅvemvi gvaÅGg ˆm AGbK
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb welGqi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? AvGjvPbv
cÉwZcwî ARÆb KGiGQ| Zvi ‰ KgÆKvGí fívwg, kVZv ‰es
KGiv| 3
myGhvMm®¬vbx gGbvfvGei cwiPq ˆgGj|
N. “DóxcGKi kwdK ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` DfGqi
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`vI| msMÉvgx `yB eÅwÚ| hwÌ ZvGì AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi c^wU BwZevPK bq|
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48 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi ‰KRb AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ agÆ eÅvemv, AviI weGklfvGe ejGj gvRvi
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AwÕ¦Z½iÞvi ZvwMG` Zviv `yRbB ŠbwZKZv wemRÆb w`GqGQ| ˆmw`K
L wkjve†wÓ¡i ci gwR`mn gne»ZbMievmx mÁ·GKÆ ejv nGqGQ weGePbvq Avgiv ejGZ cvwi, DóxcGKi kwdK ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’
‘wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm ˆPvL’| A DcbÅvGmi gwRGì AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi A‹bwZK AvGqvRb gƒjZ AwÕ¦Z½ev`x
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avbGLZ ˆ`GL mevB Õ¦º¬ nGq ùvwoGq wQj| ZvGì `†wÓ¡GZ ˆKvGbv
fve ev DGókÅ wQj bv| gwR` ‰B AeÕ©v ˆ`GL mKjGK ˆLv`vi cÉk²  49 PëMÉvg êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 9
Ici wek¼vm ivLGZ eGj| ZLb mKGji `†wÓ¡ ˆ`GL gGb nq ˆhb evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU ˆQvë Rbc` em¯¦cyi| mfÅ RxeGbi ˆKvGbv
ZvGì ˆPvGLi gGaÅ AvÕ©v I wek¼vGmi `†pZv cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGq AvGQ| ˆQuvqv ‰LvGb ˆbB| AmyGL-wemyGL Aveyj wgqvi Õ¼Gµ² cvIqv ZvweR,
M DóxcGK ewYÆZ Amnvq gvbylGì RxebvPiGYi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ SvodzK u cvwbcovB ZvGì ‰Kgvò fimv| ‰ MÉvGgi ˆgGq nbydv
DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ kmÅnxb AçGji gvbyGli cwiwÕ©wZi mv`†kÅ jÞ wbiÞi nGjI Zvi K^vevZÆv I wP¯¦vGPZbvq eyw«¬gîvi Qvc Õ·Ó¡|
Kiv hvq| A Aveyj wgqvi Õ¼Gµ² cvIqv ˆKivgwZGZ ˆm AvG`Œ wek¼vm KGi bv|
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi agÆeÅemvqx gwR` evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU kmÅnxb MÉvgevmxGì ˆm Aveyj wgqvi fívwg mÁ·GKÆ mGPZb KGi ‰es
Rbeüj Açj ˆ^GK Þzavi Zvobvq Rxeb euvPvGZ MvGiv cvnvGo PGj ˆhGKvGbv AmyÕ©Zvq Aveyj wgqvi KvGQ bv wMGq kZ KÓ¡ nGjI
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jovBGq gne»ZbMi MÉvgGK êGQ ˆbq| ˆmLvGb ˆm Z^vKw^Z K. AvØvGmi evevi bvg Kx? 1
ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii gvRvGii KÍ¸KvwnwbGK cuywR KGi wbGRi AwÕ¦Z½ L. “ˆhb wekvj mƒGhÆv`q nGqGQ, Avi ˆm AvGjvq cÉ`xGci AvGjv
iÞvi msMÉvGg mdjZv jvf KGi| gwRGì AçGji AwaKvsk wbwøn× nGq ˆMGQ|”@ welqwU eywSGq `vI| 2
gvbylB `vwiG`ËÅi KviGY ‰gb Rxeb msMÉvgB êGQ ˆbq| M. DóxcGKi em¯¦cyi MÉvGgi gvbyGli ˆPZbvi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’
DóxcGK gvbyGli êuGP ^vKvi jovBGqi cÉmã DGV ‰GmGQ| gvbyl DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gvbyGli ˆPZbvi mv`†kÅ
êuGP ^vKvi RbÅ ˆkl chÆ¯¦ jovB KGi| RxeGbi ˆkl AejÁ¼bGK ˆ`LvI| 3
wemRÆb w`Gq nGjI euvPGZ Pvq| ˆKvGbv cÉvYxB ‰i eÅwZKÌg bq| N. “DóxcGKi nbydv Avi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv ‰GK
DóxcGKi AwÕ¦Z½ iÞvi jovBGq b`xfvOGb meÆÕ¼v¯¦ kÅvgjQvqv AcGii cwicƒiK|”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
49 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi mKGji ˆÞGò mdj nGjI Rwgjvi KvGQ ÛGKwb| Rwgjvi ˆR` I
K AvØvGmi evevi bvg ˆgv`vGe»i wgTv| A mnR cÉvYagÆ gwR`GK KGiGQ D`&öv¯¦| Rwgjv nGq DGVGQ gwRGì
kVZvcƒYÆ RxebvPvGii Rxe¯¦ cÉwZev`| Zvi cÉwZev` cÉkw² e«¬ KGiGQ
L AvIqvjcyGi AvMZ wci mvGne ‰es gwRGì ZzjbvgƒjK
gwRGì gvRviGKw±`ÊK agÆ eÅvemvGK| DóxcGKi nbydvI Rwgjvi
AeÕ©vb êvSvGZ cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU ejv nGqGQ| A
gGZv cÉvYkwÚi aviK| Rwgjv I nbydv mgvGRi cÉPwjZ KzmsÕ•vi
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ˆ`Lv hvq, AvIqvjcyGi AvMZ bZzb ‰K wci I A®¬wek¼vGmi cÉengvb ˆmÉvGZ Mv fvwmGq ˆ`qwb, eis i‚GL ùvovevi
gwRGì RbÅ AwÕ¦GZ½i msKU nGq ùvovq| bvbviKg wP¯¦v KiGZ KiGZ ˆPÓ¡v KGiGQ| ZvB ejv hvq, DóxcGKi nbydv Avi AvGjvPÅ
gwR` ‰Kw`b AvIqvjcyGii wcGii mgvGeGk nvwRi nq| ˆmLvGb ˆm DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv ‰GK AcGii cwicƒiK|
ˆ`LGZ cvq H wcGii mvgGb kZ kZ ˆjvK weGfvi nGq eGm AvGQ;
ˆKD KvDGK jÞ KiGQ bv| ‰gbwK, gwR`GK ˆPGb ‰gb ˆjvKI ‰B cÉk²  50 wmGjU êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 8
wfGoi gGaÅ Zvi cÉwZ gGbvGhvMx nq bv| ˆmLvGb wci mvGne ˆhb mƒGhÆi RvGbv bv wK Zzwg, î êBgvb
Dä¾j AvGjv QovGœQb; Avi gwR` ˆhb cÉ`xGci mvgvbÅ AvGjv, hv mƒGhÆi AvÍÏv meÆkwÚgvb
AvGjvi KvGQ ÁÏvb nGq ˆMGQ| ZvB ejv nGqGQ, ˆhb wekvj mƒGhÆv`q ˆ`wLGQb ˆZvgvi mewKQy?
nGqGQ, Avi ˆm AvGjvq cÉ`xGci AvGjv wbwøn× nGq ˆMGQ| Rve»v ˆRve»v w`Gq âuvKv
M ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gvbyGli KzmsÕ•vi, ˆ`Ge AvÍÏvGi, IGi êvKv
AwkÞv I agÆxq A®¬wek¼vGmi mGã DóxcGKi em¯¦cyi MÉvGgi ˆKqvgGZ nGe gv^v wbPz|
gvbyGli ˆPZbvMZ mv`†kÅ jÞ Kiv hvq| A K. ˆK RwgjvGK cÉ^g gwR`GK ˆ`Lvq? 1
‘jvjmvjy’ ‰KwU mvgvwRK mgmÅvgƒjK DcbÅvm| ‰LvGb DGV ‰GmGQ L. “MÉvGgi ˆjvGKiv ˆhb iwngviB AbÅ msÕ•iY|”@ eywSGq
gvbyGli gvGS hyM hyM aGi wkKoMvov KzmsÕ•vi I A®¬ wek¼vGmi bvbv ˆjGLv| 2
w`K| Avi ‰me gvbyGli mijZv I agÆwek¼vGmi myGhvM wbGq fí M. DóxcGKi êBgvb ‘jvjmvjyi’ ˆKvb PwiòwUGK BwãZ KGi?
agÆeÅemvqx gwR` cÉZviYvi Rvj weÕ¦vi KGi| ‰KwU cyGivGbv KeiGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii gvRvi ˆNvlYv w`Gq ˆm Zvi eÅvemv ˆduG` eGm| N. ‘jvjmvjy’i ˆKvb w`KwU DóxcGKi mvG^ mÁ·KÆhyÚ? weGkÏlY
DóxcGKi Aveyj wgqv em¯¦cyi MÉvGg wbGRGK KweivR eGj cÉwZwÓ¤Z KGiv| 4
KGiGQ| ˆm Zvi ZvweR I SvodzGu Ki ÞgZv Õ¼µ² ˆ^GK ˆcGqGQ eGj 50 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
cÉPvi KGi| MÉvGgi mvaviY AwkwÞZ gvbyl fí KweivGRi K^v K RwgjvGK Zvi eyey ˆLvG`Rv cÉ^g gwR`GK ˆ`Lvq| A
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wek¼vm KGi cÉwZwbqZ cÉZvwiZ nGœQ| ‰LvbKvi gvbylGì ˆPZbvq
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A®¬wek¼vm I KzmsÕ•vi Qvov wKQy ˆbB| ˆhgbwU Avgiv jÞ Kwi
kwÚGZ ejxqvb, wK¯§ mnR-mij ‰es gvbwmKfvGe `yeÆj I fxZz
AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gvbyGli gGaÅ| A®¬wek¼vm I
cÉK‡wZi, hv cÉGk²vÚ evKÅwUi gvaÅGg êvSvGbv nGqGQ| A
KzmsÕ•vGii KviGYB Zviv gwRGì K^vq wek¼vm Õ©vcb KGiGQ|
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvm I DóxcGKi Dfq Õ©vGb gvbyGli wek¼vm I gne»ZbMGii gvbylàGjv KvR KGi Avb±` cvq| ZvGì A¯¦iRyGo
mijZvi myGhvM wbGq fí agÆeÅemvqxiv cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGqGQ| myZivs ÷ay Rwg Avi avb| mviv eQi ˆLv`vi K^v fzGjB ^vGK Zviv| ˆKej
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ÕÃiY KGi| wekvj kixi wbGq Zviv me mgq KvGR g™² ^vGK|
N cÉwZev`x gvbwmKZv jvjb Kivq DóxcGKi nbydv Avi ‘jvjmvjy’ ˆgvUvZvRv kixi nGjI ˆjvKàGjv iwngvi gGZv A¯¦Gi bvixmyjf fq
DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv ‰GK AcGii cwicƒiK nGq DGVGQ| A jvjb KGi| iwngvi gGZvB Zviv gwR`GK fq cvq I kÉ«¬v KGi|
AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGm Rwgjv fí agÆeÅemvqx gwRGì w«¼Zxq Õ¨x| wK¯§ ‰RbÅB cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU ejv nGqGQ|
Õ¼vgxi AGjŒwKK ÞgZvq ˆm wek¼vmx bq| ˆh gwRGì w`GK MÉvGgi
M agÆGK eÅenvi KGi mvaviY gvbyGli mGã cÉZviYv Kivq
ˆKD ˆPvL ZzGj K^v eGj bv, ˆmB cÉfvekvjx eÅwÚi AbÅvGqi
DóxcGKi êBgvb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi fí agÆeÅemvqx gwR`
cÉwZev` KGi gyGL ^y^y wbGÞc KiGZI ˆm w«¼av KGi bv| gwRGì
PwiòGK BwãZ KGi| A
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KGiGQ| AmyL-wemyGL MÉvGgi gvbyGli ‰Kgvò fimv nGq DGVGQ KGi| mnR-mij gvbyGli agÆxq Abyf„wZGK KvGR jvwMGq agÆeÅvemvi
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Aveyj wgqvi fívwg mÁ·GKÆ mevBGK mGPZb KGi ZzGjGQ ‰es DóxcGKi KweZvsGk Bmjvwg ˆcvkvK eÅenvi KGi AvÍÏvnGK âuvKv
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AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGm hyM hyM aGi wkKoMvov msÕ•vi, A®¬wek¼vm I cÉZviYvi w`KwU DGV ‰GmGQ| ˆmB mGã meÆkwÚgvb AvÍÏvn me
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AbÅvGqi wePvi KiGeb| ˆh AvÍÏvn&i bvGg êBgvwb KiGe ZvGK wZwb L ˆh ˆjvKwUi KeiwUGK gwR` gvRvi evwbGqGQ, ˆmB g†Z ˆjvKwUGK
Þgv KiGeb bv| DóxcGKi ‰B êBgvbB nGœQ AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi ˆm ˆPGb bv eGj weÕÃqKifvGe wbtmã êva KGi| A
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‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiòGKB BwãZ KGi| ‰Kmgq ˆm mgvGR cÉwZÓ¤v cvq| wK¯§ Zvi gGb memgq fq KvR KGi|
N ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi agÆGK eÅenvi KGi cÉZviYvi w`KwUi ‰Kw`b m®¬Åvq gvRvGi ‰Kv ‰Kv ˆ`vqv-ì‚` covi mgq Zvi ˆPvGL
mGã DóxcGKi fveMZ HKÅ cwijwÞZ nq| A cGo gvRvGii SvjiIqvjv mvjy KvcoUvi ‰K ˆKvY DjGU AvGQ| NGii
AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi cÉavb Pwiò gwR` AvñcÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ agÆGK ÁÏvb AvGjvq KeGii ˆm Abve†Z AskUv gwRGì KvGQ g†Z gvbyGli
AmrfvGe eÅenvi KGiGQ| ˆm ‰KwU cyGivGbv KeiGK gvRvi evwbGq ˆLvjv ˆPvGLi gGZv gGb nq| KeGii Kvco DjUvGbv b™² AskB nVvr
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eÅwÚÕ¼v^Æ nvwmj KiGZ ‰es mvaviY gvbylGK âuvKv w`GZ ‰i ˆPGq M DóxcGKi ‘ˆPvGi ˆPvGi gvmZzGZv fvB’ K^vwU ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
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fvGjv Dcvq Avi cvqwb| ÷ay Zv-B bq, hvGK ˆm Zvi cGî KuvUv fí gwR`GK MÉvGgi gvZe»i LvGjK eÅvcvixi mKj welGq wbtkZÆ
gGb KGiGQ, ZvGKB agÆGK eÅenvi KGi wbgÆgfvGe cÉwZnZ KGiGQ| mg^ÆbGK wbG`Æk KGi| A
DóxcGKi KweZvsGk Kwe aGgÆi bvGg hviv fívwg KGi ZvGì ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvix gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi ‰K cÉfvekvjx
wei‚G«¬ ˆmvœPvi nGqGQb| wZwb eGjGQb, c†wêxi ˆKvGbv wKQyB Pwiò| ‰ KviGY MÉvGg bevMZ gwR` LvGjK eÅvcvixi mGã mLÅ MGo
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mKj wKQyi gvwjK| ˆh AvÍÏvnGK âuvKv ˆ`Ge, wZwb AekÅB ˆKqvgGZi gvbyGli mGã ÷i‚ KGi cÉZviYv| MÉvGgi mvaviY gvbyl cƒGeÆ gvZe»iGK
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AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi ˆjLK I DóxcGKi Kwe `yRGbB agÆeÅemvqxi eGj ev KGi LvGjK eÅvcvix ZvGZB mÁÃwZ Rvbvq|
gyGLvk DG¯ÃvPb KiGZ ˆPGqGQb| DcbÅvGmi gwR` ‰KRb Amr eÅwÚ,
DóxcGK DGV ‰GmGQ Õ¼icyi MÉvGgi gvbyGli Ici gvZe»Gii kvmb I
ˆh wKbv agÆfxi‚ gvbyGli aGgÆi cÉwZ A®¬wek¼vmGK KvGR jvwMGq ZvGì
ˆkvlGYi K^v| Zvi AZÅvPvGi hLb MÉvGgi gvbyl RRÆwiZ, ˆm mgq
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Avevi MÉvGg ‰Gm ˆRvGU ‰K fí wPwKrmK| ˆm cÉ^GgB gvZe»iGK
agÆxq `yeÆjZv gwR`GK gne»ZbMi MÉvGg AvwacZÅ cÉwZÓ¤vq mnvqZv
nvZ KGi| MÉvGg wbGRGK ‘wRGbi ev`kv’ cwiPq w`Gq bvbv aiGbi
KGi| ‰i gvaÅGg êvSv hvq H MÉvGgi gvbyGli mwVK agÆxq wkÞvi
RwUj îvGMi wPwKrmv KiGZ ÷i‚ KGi| mvaviY gvbyGli mijZvi
Afve iGqGQ| DóxcGK agÆeÅemvqx Amr eÅwÚGì agÆGK AvkÉq KGi
myGhvM wbGq wecyj mÁ·` MGo ˆZvGj ˆm| wK¯§ Zvi wei‚G«¬
ZvGì KvhÆwmw«¬i welqwU dzGU DGVGQ| aGgÆi gƒj DGókÅ gvbeKjÅvY,
gvZe»Gii KvGQ AwfGhvM KiGj wZwb Zv AvgGj ˆbb bv| ˆKbbv,
wK¯§ wKQy Amr eÅwÚ ‰B agÆGK eÅenvi KGi Avcb Õ¼v^Æ D«¬vi KGi|
fí wPwKrmGKi mGã Zvi fvGjv mÁ·KÆ| ˆhgbwU Avgiv jÞ Kwi,
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi agÆGK ‰fvGe Amr KvGR eÅenvi Kivi w`KwU
AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi fí agÆ-eÅemvqx gwR`GK MÉvGgi gvZe»i LvGjK
DóxcGKi eÚGeÅi mGã mÁ·KÆhyÚ|
eÅvcvixi mKj KvGR mg^Æb Kivq| myZivs, DóxcGKi ‘wRGbi ev`kv’
cÉk²  51 hGkvi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 8 I gvZe»i ‰es AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi gwR` I LvGjK eÅvcvix AvgvGì
cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUB ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q|
AvGM ‰K MÉvgÅ gvZe»Gii kvmb I ˆkvlGY AwZÓ¤ wQj Õ¼icyi MÉvGgi
gvbyl| ‰Lb ˆmLvGb ‰Gm RyGUGQ ‰K fí wPwKrmK| AGjŒwKK Zvi N Dcvq wf®² nGjI DóxcGKi wRGbi ev`kv I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
wPwKrmv c«¬wZ| ˆm wbGRGK ‘wRGbi ev`kv’ cwiPq ˆ`q| e®¬ÅZ½, gwR` DfqB cÉZviYvi gvaÅGg cÉwZÓ¤v jvGfi ˆPÓ¡v KGiGQ| A
cãyZ½, KÅv´Övi cÉf‡wZ îvM wbGq ˆjvGKiv Zvi KvGQ AvGm| gvbyGli ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ˆ`Lv hvq gwR` kV I cÉZviK ‰KwU Pwiò|
AmnvqZ½ I mijZvi myGhvM wbGq ˆm wecyj A^Æ nvwZGq ˆbq| gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gvbyGli agÆwek¼vmGK eÅenvi KGi ‰KwU cwiZÅÚ
gvZe»Gii KvGQ bvwjk KGiI ˆKvGbv cÉwZKvi ˆgGj bv| KviY, ˆPvGi KeiGK gvRvi eGj ˆNvlYvi gvaÅGg ˆm agÆeÅvemv ÷i‚ KGi| Zvi
ˆPvGi gvmZzGZv fvB| ‰Kgvò jÞÅ wQj wbGRi Õ¼v^Æwmw«¬|
K. KZ eQi eqGm AvGgbv wewei weGq nGqwQj? 1 DóxcGKi ‘wRGbi ev`kv’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì gGZvB K„Ueyw«¬i
L. ˆKvb NUbvq gwR` ‘weÕÃqKifvGe wbtmã êva’ KGi? 2 AwaKvix| ZvB myGhvMgGZv gvbyGli mij wek¼vmGK KvGR jvMvq
M. ‘ˆPvGi ˆPvGi gvmZzGZv fvB’ K^vwU ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆh ˆm| gvbyGli wek¼vmGK cuywR KGi wPwKrmvi gGZv ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ KvGR ˆm
w`KwUi BwãZ KGi, Zvi cwiPq `vI| 3 MÉvGgi gvbylGK cÉZvwiZ KGiGQ| cÉZviYvi gvaÅGg wbGRGK cÉwZwÓ¤Z
N. “Dcvq wf®² nGjI wRGbi ev`kv I DcbÅvGmi gwRGì Kivi ˆÞGò ˆmI ‰Kmgq mdj nq|
DGókÅ Awf®²”@ DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvm I DóxcGKi weGkÏlGY ˆ`Lv hvq, fvMÅvG®¼lGY wRGbi
51 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi ev`kv Õ¼icyi MÉvGg AvGm| Avi DcbÅvGmi gwR` hvq gne»ZbMi
K ˆZGiv eQi eqGm AvGgbv wewei weGq nGqwQj| A
 MÉvGg| ZGe `yRGbi NUbvi ˆÞò Avjv`v| ZvB cvjGU hvq ˆcÉÞvcUI|
wK¯§ Zviv `yRGbB fí I cÉZviK| fívwg KGi Zviv wbGRGì Õ¼v^Æ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm MÉvGgi gvbylGK wkwÞZ KGi ZzjGZ
nvwmj KGi ˆbq| ZvGì jÞÅ wQj wbGRGì AwÕ¦Z½ iÞvi cvkvcvwk ‰KwU Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| ˆm Pvq MÉvgevmx AvaywbK wkÞvq
A^Æ‹bwZK cÉwZÓ¤v jvf| ˆmUv Zviv mdjfvGeB cƒiY KGi| ZvB, wkwÞZ I mGPZb nGq DVzK| wK¯§ MÉvGgi Õ¼v^Æv®¬ I fí gwR` Zvi
DóxcK I AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi weGkÏlGY ejv hvq, ‘Dcvq wf®² nGjI gvRvi eÅvemvi ÞwZ nGe ˆfGe AvØvGmi ‰B gnr DG`ÅvGMi
wRGbi ev`kv I gwRGì DGókÅ Awf®²|’@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| weGivwaZv KGi| ˆm LvGjK eÅvcvixi mnvqZvq MÉvGg Õ•zGji
cwieGZÆ gv`Ëvmv cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| agÆv®¬ gvbyGliv gwRGì ‰B
cÉk²  52 hGkvi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 9 gZvgZGKB ài‚Z½ ˆ`q| dGj AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi Õ¼µ² cƒiY nq bv|
mggbv hyeKGì wbGq wbR MÉvGgi gvbylGK Õ¼vÕ©Å, cywÓ¡, wkÞv, DóxcGKi evwRZ Pvq, Zvi MÉvGgi AwkwÞZ I agÆv®¬ gvbylàGjvI
cwiGek, agÆv®¬Zvi Kzdj BZÅvw` welGq mGPZb Kivi KvR KGi wkwÞZ nGq DVzK| ‰B DGóGkÅ ˆm MÉvGgi mggbv hyeKGì wbGq
PGjGQ wkwÞZ hyeK evwRZ| evwRGZi KvR-KGgÆ Lywk bq MÉvgÅ ‰KwU KÑve MVb KGi bvbv KjÅvYKi KvR KiGZ ^vGK| Zviv
gvZe»i ˆPivMvwj| MÉvGgi gvbyl mGPZb nGj Zvi cÉfve ÞzY² nGe@ mvaviY gvbyGli wkÞv, Õ¼vÕ©Å, cywÓ¡ BZÅvw` wbGq KvR Kivi DG`ÅvM
‰B Zvi fq| Iiv Mvb-evRbv KGi, ˆgGqGjvGKi mvG^ Avìv ˆ`q ˆbq| wK¯§ MÉvGgi gvZe»i ˆPivMvwj ‰me KvGRi weGivwaZv KGi
BZÅvw` AwfGhvM ZzGj ˆMuvov mg^ÆKGì mvG^ wbGq ˆm evwRGZi ZvGì KÑvGe Avàb jvwMGq ˆ`q| gƒjZ cÉfvekvjx gvZe»Gii Õ¼vG^Æ
KÑvGe Avàb awiGq ˆ`q| AvNvZ jvMvq ˆm ‰i…c wbgÆg AvPiY KGiGQ|
K. gwR` ˆKb nvmcvZvGj wMGqwQj? 1 Õ¼v^Æv®¬ I cÉwZwnsmvi KviGY AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm I
L. “wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm ˆPvL”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 DóxcGKi evwRZ DfGqB ZvGì DGókÅ evÕ¦evqb KiGZ eÅ^Æ nq|
M. “DóxcGKi evwRZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi mvG^ gvbyGli A®¬ agÆwek¼vmGK KvGR jvwMGq DcbÅvGmi gwR` AvØvGmi
KxfvGe Zzjbxq? eywSGq `vI| 3 we`Åvjq cÉwZÓ¤vi welqwU e®¬ KGiGQ| AbÅw`GK, DóxcGKi
N. “evwRZ I AvØvm gƒjZ Õ¼v^ÆvG®¼lx gnGji wnsmvi wkKvi”@ gvZe»i evwRGZi KjÅvYgyLx KgÆKvíGK cÉwZnZ KGiGQ| ‘jvjmvjy’
K^vwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 DcbÅvm ‰es DóxcK DfqGÞGòB AvØvm I evwRGZi eÅ^ÆZvi gƒj
KviY cÉfvekvjx I ˆjvfx gvbyGli cÉwZwnsmv| Zviv gv^v bZ KiGZ
evaÅ nGqGQ ‰KGkÉwYi gvbyGli cÉej Õ¼vG^Æi KvGQ| ˆmw`K weGePbvq
K gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi AvnZ hyeKGì ˆ`LGZ gwR` nvmcvZvGj DóxcGKi evwRZ I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm DfGqi DGókÅ
wMGqwQj| A gnr nGjI Zviv Õ¼v^Æv®¬ gnGji wnsmvi wkKvi nGqGQ|
L wkjve†wÓ¡i ci gwR`mn gne»ZbMievmx mÁ·GKÆ ejv nGqGQ
‘wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm ˆPvL’| A
gne»ZbMGi wkjve†wÓ¡GZ avbGLZ a»smÕ¦„Gc cwiYZ nGqwQj| ˆmB bvivqY MGãvcvaÅvGqi ‘exZsm’ MGÍ¸ AvmvGgi Pv-evMvGb ˆhLvGb
`Gj `Gj ˆjvK KvjvR¾Gi gGi, gRyi LvUGZI ˆjvK ˆmLvGb ˆhGZ
avbGLZ ˆ`GL mevB Õ¦º¬ nGq ùvwoGq wQj| ZvGì `†wÓ¡GZ ˆKvGbv
Pvq bv; ˆmLvGb Kzwj ˆRvMvb mgmÅv wbimGb muvIZvj ciMbvi
fve ev DGókÅ wQj bv| gwR` ‰B AeÕ©v ˆ`GL mKjGK ˆLv`vi
AwkwÞZ, Amnvq I KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² gvbylGK my±ìjvj Zvi DGókÅ
Ici wek¼vm ivLGZ eGj| ZLb mKGji `†wÓ¡ ˆ`GL gGb nq ˆhb
nvwmGji RbÅ wksGevOvi ŠèevYxGK KvGR jvMvq|
ZvGì ˆPvGLi gGaÅ AvÕ©v I wek¼vGmi `†pZv cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGq AvGQ|
K. mvZ ˆQGji evGci bvg Kx? 1
M KjÅvYKi KvGRi gvaÅGg MÉvGgi gvbylGK mGPZb KGi ˆZvjvi L. ‘`ywbqvUv eGov wewPò RvqMv’@ K^vwU KLb ‰es ˆKvb
AvKv›Þvi w`K ˆ^GK ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi mvG^ DóxcGKi cÉmGã Kiv nGqGQ? 2
evwRGZi DGókÅMZ wgj cvIqv hvq| A M. DóxcGKi ŠèevYxi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi KxGmi mv`†kÅ
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ˆgv`vGe»i wgTvi ˆQGj AvØvm MÉvGg ‰KwU Õ•zj iGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| ˆm wbGR KwigMé Õ•zGj covGkvbv KGiGQ| ZvB N. “DóxcGKi muvIZvj ciMbvi gvbylàGjv ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’
ˆm Pvq mKGji mnvqZvq ‰KwU Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KGi MÉvGgi AwkwÞZ DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi MÉvgevmxi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi|”
gvbylGK mGPZb I wkwÞZ KGi ZzjGZ| wK¯§ gwRGì weGivwaZvi @g¯¦eÅwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
KviGY AvØvGmi ˆm DGókÅ mdj nqwb| 53 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
DóxcGKi evwRGZi gvGSI AvØvGmi gGZvB PvwiwòK ŠewkÓ¡Å jÞ K mvZ ˆQGji evGci bvg `y`y wgTv| A
Kiv hvq| ˆm MÉvGgi `wi`Ë ˆLGU LvIqv gvbylGì Õ¼vÕ©Å, cywÓ¡, wkÞv L `ywbqvq evm KiGZ ˆMGj mgGq-AmgGq wg^Åv K^v bv ejGjB
I agÆv®¬Zvi Kzdj mÁ·GKÆ mGPZb KiGZ Pvq| wK¯§ ˆmI ‘jvjmvjy’ bq eGj gwR` gGb KGi, `ywbqvUv eGov wewPò RvqMv| A
DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi gGZv weGivwaZvi mÁÃyLxb nq| MÉvGgi gvZe»i
KwigMé nvmcvZvGj gne»ZbMGii AvnZ ˆjvKGì ˆ`LGZ hvq
ˆPivMvwj Zvi KjÅvYKi KvGRi weGivwaZv KGi ZvGì KÑvGe Avàb
gwR`| AmyÕ© ˆjvKGì ˆ`LvGkvbv KGi MÉvGg wdGi ‰Gm gwR`
awiGq ˆ`q| eÕ§Z, MÉvGgi gvbyGli KjÅvYwP¯¦v Kivi AvKv›Þvi
ài‚Zi AvnZ Kvjy wgqvi evcGK eGj, ˆmLvGb Zvi ˆQGji ˆmev-hð
w`KwUGZB DóxcGKi evwRZ I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi gGaÅ
I Ilya-cG^Åi ˆKvGbv Afve ˆbB| KviY, nvmcvZvGji WvÚvi Zvi
wgj jÞ Kiv hvq| gywi`| ‰ K^vUv AekÅ wg^Åv, Zey gwR` ˆRGb-÷Gb wg^Åv K^v
N DóxcGKi evwRZ I AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi RbKjÅvYgƒjK eGj| KviY Zvi gGZ, `ywbqvUv eo wewPò RvqMv| ‰LvGb mgGq-
KvGR Õ¼v^ÆvG®¼lx gnGji Õ¼vG^Æ AvNvZ jvMvq Zviv ‰i weGivwaZv KGi| A AmgGq wg^Åv K^v bv ejGj PGj bv|
M DóxcGKi my±ìjvGji ŠèevYxi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
fí, VM I Õ¼v^ÆvG®¼lx gwRGì gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤vi gvaÅGg gvbyGli
agÆGevaGK KvGR jvMvGbvi w`KwUi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| A wòcyiv ivRgw±`Gii cyGivwnZ iNycwZ wg^Åv agÆGeva I A®¬msÕ•vGii
aviK| gw±`Gi ewj`vb cÉ^vi wei‚G«¬ cÉej cÉwZevGì evYx a»wbZ nq
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` agÆvkÉGqi gvaÅGg wbGRi Õ¼v^ÆiÞvq mij
AcYÆvi gGaÅ| Zvi QvM-wk÷ ewji wePvi `vwe ‘wemRÆb’ bvUGKi
wek¼vmx gvbyGli mvG^ cÉZviYv KGi| ˆm gvbyGli agÆxq wek¼vmGK cyuwR
weGivGai exR| ‰ exR cÉ^g îvwcZ nq ivRvi n†`Gq| Avi ‰ îvwcZ
KGi wbGRi A^Æ‹bwZK DœPvwfjvl PwiZv^Æ KGi|
exGRi KviGY ivRvi wei‚G«¬ weGiva, RqwmsGni AvñwemRÆb,
DóxcGKi my±ìjvj mvaymîvi AvovGj fívwg I Õ¼vG^Æv«¬vGi Zrci iNycwZi cÉwZgv wemRÆb ‰es cwiYwZGZ gvZ‡i…Gc AcYÆvi wbKU
^vGK| ˆm KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² mvuIZvj ciMbvi wbixn gvbylGì Zvi DGókÅ iNycwZi `cÆ P„YÆ nq|
mvaGbi nvwZqvGi cwiYZ KGi| ˆKŒkGj mvuIZvjGì eGm AvbGZ ˆm K. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm Zvbywewe ˆK? 1
wksGevOvi ŠèevYxGK KvGR jvMvq| AgvbweKfvGe mij wek¼vmx L. MÉvGg AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi Õ¼µ² KxfvGe ˆfGO hvq? 2
gvbylGK ˆm cÉZvwiZ KGi| my±ìjvGji ‰gb KgÆKví ‘jvjmvjy’ M. DóxcGKi AcYÆvi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjvi
DcbÅvGmi gwRGì K^vB ˆhb ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q| gwR` wbivK cov mv`†kÅ KZUzKz? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
gaÅvGn× gne»ZbMi MÉvGg bvUKxqfvGe cÉGek KGi| ˆm Lye PZzi weavq N. ‘cÉPwjZ cÉ^v I KzmsÕ•vi KLGbv eÅwÚ I mgvGRi RbÅ
agÆwek¼vmGK Õ¼v^Æ nvwmGji Dcvq wnGmGe êGQ ˆbq| AævZ ‰K mnvqK bq eis A¯¦ivq’@ DóxcK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
KeiGK ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii gvRvi eGj PvwjGq ˆ`q ‰es ˆmLvGbB ˆm AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
AvÕ¦vbv MvGo| AwkwÞZ MÉvgevmxi agÆxq A®¬wek¼vmGK AvkÉq KGi ˆm 54 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
nGq IGV cÉfve-cÉwZcwîkvjx| MuvGqi ˆgvoj LvGjK eÅvcvixGKI gwR`
K ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm Zvbywewe LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨x| A

wbGRi ekÅZv Õ¼xKvGi evaÅ KGi| A^Ævr DóxcGKi my±ìjvGji ŠèevYx
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì gvRvi Õ©vcGbi mGã mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| L fí gwR` Zvi Õ¼v^Æ iÞvi RbÅ Õ•zGji e`Gj gmwR` cÉwZÓ¤vi
K^v ejGj AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi Õ¼µ² ˆfGO hvq| A
N muvIZvj ciMbvi gvbyGli agÆxq msGe`bkxjZv I mvijÅ gne»ZbMi
MÉvGg Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v nGj gvbyl mGPZb nGe ‰es gwRGì agÆeÅvemvi
MÉvgevmxGì Abyi…c| A
ˆLvjm DG¯ÃvwPZ nGe| ‰gb fq ˆ^GK gwR` AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vq
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm agÆeÅvemvi Õ¼i…c DG¯ÃvwPZ nGqGQ| gwRGì ˆNvi weGivwaZv KGi I fiv gRwjGm AvØvGmi `vwo ˆbB eGj wZiÕ•vi
gGZv evsjvi AvbvGP-KvbvGP AmsLÅ fí gvRvi eÅemvqxiv aGgÆi KGi| wK¯§ AvØvm gwRGì ‰B AbÅvGqi wei‚G«¬ cÉwZev` bv KGi wbøzc
bvGg gvbylGK AZÅvPvi I ˆkvlY KGi PGj| gwR` wbixn gvbylGì ^vGK| dGj Zvi «¼viv Avi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v Kiv mÁ¿eci nGq IGV bv|
cÉZviYvi duvG` ˆdGj Zvi Õ¼v^Æ nvwmj KGi|
M ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv PwiGòi gaÅ w`Gq cÉwZev`x I
DóxcGKi my±ìjvj muvIZvj RbGMvÓ¤xGZ mvay ˆmGR cÉZviYv KGi| mvnwmKZvi w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ, hv DóxcGKi AcYÆvi gGaÅI
AwkwÞZ agÆwek¼vmx ˆjvKàGjv mvayi cÉwZ Õ¼fveMZfvGeB `yeÆj jÞ Kiv hvq| A
^vGK| ˆm `yeÆjZvi myGhvGM my±ìjvGji gGZv Amvay ˆjvK wbGRi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ Rwgjv gwRGì w«¼Zxq Õ¨x| eqm Kg nIqvq
nxbÕ¼v^Æ PwiZv^Æ KGi| ˆm AGjŒwKK KvhÆKjvGci wg^Åv AwfbGq PçjZvB wQj ‰B PwiGòi AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å| gwRGì cÉ^g Õ¨x iwngvGK
muvIZvjGì Pv evMvGb ew±` KiGZ Pvq| KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² mij wek¼vmx ˆm gvZ‡i…Gc ˆgGb wbGjI e†«¬ gwR`GK ˆm Õ¼vgx wnGmGe ˆgGb wbGZ
gvbyylàGjvGK my±ìjvGji gGZv cÉZviK mvayi AgvbweKZvi wbÓ¤zi cvGiwb| fí gwRGì kvmGbi ZxeË weGivwaZv KGiGQ ˆm| Rwgjvi ‰B
ewj nGZ nq| weG`Ëvnx gGbvfvGei cwiPq cvIqv hvq gwRGì gyGL ^y^y w`Gq N†Yv
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmI agÆeÅvemvi wbÓ¤zi KkvNvGZ gvbyGli Rxeb- cÉKvGki gvaÅGg| Avevi, mvjy KvcGo Ave†Z gvRvGii MvGq Zvi cvGqi
msKU Pig AvKvi aviY KGiGQ| AwkwÞZ, KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² gvbyl Õ·kÆ gvRvi eÅvemvi cÉwZ ‰K aiGbi cÉZxKx cÉwZev`B cÉKvk KGi|
aGgÆi Avmj gvnvñÅ RvGb bv| ZvB wcGiiv ZvGì ˆh cÉZvwiZ I DóxcGK Avgiv AcYÆvi gGaÅ cÉwZev`x mîvi cwiPq jvf Kwi| ‰LvGb
wbGÓ·wlZ KGi Zv Zviv eySGZ cvGi bv| AwÕ¦GZ½i cÉGqvRGbB DGV ‰GmGQ wg^Åv agÆGeva I A®¬msÕ•vGii aviK wòcyiv ivRgw±`Gii
DcbÅvGmi ˆK±`Êxq Pwiò gwR` gne»ZbMGi AvGm| MÉvGg XzGK AGPbv cyGivwnZ iNycwZi K^v| ÞgZvi `vcGU ˆm AcYÆvi QvM-wk÷ ewj ˆ`q|
I ARvbv ‰K KeiGK ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii gvRvi eGj ˆm cÉPvi KGi m¯¦vbmyjf QvM-wk÷i ‰gb cwiYwZi RbÅ AcYÆv ewji wePvi `vwe
‰es KeiwUGK AhGð ˆdGj ivLvq ˆm MÉvgevmxGK frÆmbv KGi| KGi| ‰GZ ivRvi mGã weGiva, RqwmsGni AvñwemRÆb I AcYÆvi
wbixn, Aæ I agÆwek¼vmx ˆjvKàGjv ‰mGei ˆKvGbv cÉZzÅîi LyuGR cvq wbKU iNycwZi `cÆ P„YÆ nq| ˆhgbwU ˆ`Lv hvq AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi
bv| dGj gvRvGii LvG`g êGk gwR` nGq IGV MÉvGgi ÞgZvai Rwgjv PwiGòi gvaÅGg cÉfvekvjx gwRGì cÉwZ N†Yv cÉKvGk| myZivs,
eÅwÚ| LvGjK eÅvcvixi gGZv cÉfvekvjx eÅwÚI gwRGì ekÅZv Õ¼xKvi Rwgjv PwiGòi cÉwZev`x I mvnwmKZvi w`KwU DóxcGKi AcYÆv PwiGò
KGi ˆbq| mgvGRi mij wek¼vmx gvbylàGjv hw` mGPZb I AvaywbK cyGivcywi dzGU DGVGQ|
wkÞvq wkwÞZ nGZv ZvnGj gwR` I DóxcGKi my±ìjvGji gGZv N mgvGRi cÉPwjZ cÉ^v I KzmsÕ•vGii KviGYB DóxcK I AvGjvPÅ
cÉZviKiv gvbylGK ˆkvlY KiGZ mÞg nGZv bv| myZivs, cwiYwZi DcbÅvGmi mvaviY gvbyGli Rxeb `yweÆln nGq DGVGQ| A
w`K w`Gq DóxcGKi muvIZvj ciMbvi gvbylàGjv ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ ‘jvjmvjy’ ‰KwU mvgvwRK mgmÅvgƒjK DcbÅvm| hyM hyM aGi
DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi MÉvgevmxi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| evOvwji MÉvgxY RxeGb jvjb Kiv agÆxq KzmsÕ•vi I cÉPwjZ cÉ^v
DcbÅvmwUi gƒj wfwî| ‰LvGb fí agÆeÅemvqx gwR` mvaviY gne»ZbMGii gvbylàGjv KvR KGi Avb±` cvq| ZvGì A¯¦iRyGo
gvbyGli agÆxq AæZvi myGhvM wbGq mevi wek¼Õ¦ nGq IGV| ˆm aGgÆi ÷ay Rwg Avi avb| mviv eQi ˆLv`vi K^v fzGjB ^vGK Zviv| ˆKej
ARynvGZ ‰KwU mvaviY KeiGK cyYÅevb eÅwÚi gvRvi eGj cÉwZwÓ¤Z elÆYnxb Livi w`Gb hLb RwgGZ dvUj aGi ZLb Zviv ˆLv`vGK
KGi| ˆjvKRb gvRvGi ˆh `vb KGi Zv gwR` wbGRi cÉGqvRGb eÅq ÕÃiY KGi| wekvj kixi wbGq Zviv me mgq KvGR g™² ^vGK|
KGi| agÆxq Abyf„wZGK KvGR jvwMGq MÉvGgi gvbylGì wkÞvi AvGjv ˆgvUvZvRv kixi nGjI ˆjvKàGjv iwngvi gGZv A¯¦Gi bvixmyjf fq
ˆ^GK ewçZ KiGZ AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vqI ˆm evav ˆ`q| jvjb KGi| iwngvi gGZvB Zviv gwR`GK fq cvq I kÉ«¬v KGi|
DóxcGKi eYÆbvGZI ‰GmGQ cÉPwjZ cÉ^v I KzmsÕ•vGii w`KwU| wg^Åv ‰RbÅB cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU ejv nGqGQ|
agÆGeva I A®¬msÕ•vGii aviK wnGmGe ZzGj aiv nGqGQ gw±`Gii M DóxcGKi gZje wgqv I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR`
cyGivwnZ iNycwZGK| ‰LvGb cÉPwjZ ewj cÉ^vi aviK iNycwZi AvñcwiPq`vGb I AvñcÉKvGk ‰K I Awf®²|
wbgÆgZvi K^v ejv nGqGQ| mgvGRi cÉPwjZ agÆxq ewj cÉ^vi wkKvi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` kmÅnxb, i‚Þ AçGji evwm±`v| Livi
nGZ nGqGQ AcYÆvi ˆQvGUv QvM-wk÷GK| ˆ`k nIqvq RxweKvi ZvwMG` ˆmB Açj ˆ^GK gvbyl `Gj `Gj
AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi MÉvgwU KzmsÕ•vivœQ®²| mvaviY gvbyGli wewf®² ‰jvKvq wMGq AvkÉq ˆbq| ˆZgwbfvGe gwRÌ fvGMÅi
KzmsÕ•vi, A®¬wek¼vm I ˆMuvovwgGK cyuwR KGi gwR` wbR Õ¼v^Æ nvwmGji m®¬vGb gne»ZbMi MÉvGg ‰Gm cÉGek KGi| ‰LvGb ‰Gm ˆm MÉvGgi
RbÅ gvRvi eÅvemvi mGã hyÚ nq| MÉvGgi AwkwÞZ I agÆfxi‚ gvbyGli gvZe»i LvGjK eÅvcvixi evwoGZ wMGq wbGRGK ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii
mvG^ cÉZviYv KGi ˆm Zvi Õ¼v^Æwmw«¬ KGi| wbGRGK mevi wek¼Õ¦ Kivi LvG`g eGj cwiPq ˆ`q| bvbviKg AGjŒwKK K^v eGj gwR` MÉvGgi
RbÅ ˆm wbtm¯¦vb AvGgbv wewei ˆcGU êwo AvGQ eGj ‰K aiGbi mnR-mij gvbyGli gGb Zvi cÉwZ wek¼vm m†wÓ¡ KGi|
bvUGKi AvkÉq ˆbq| MÉvGgi gvbyl hw` cÉPwjZ cÉ^v I KzmsÕ•vGi DóxcGK ewYÆZ KvRxcyi ‰KwU mg†«¬ MÉvg| `yMÆg c^ cvwo w`Gq ‰B
wek¼vmx bv nGZv ZvnGj gwR` ZvGì MÉvGgi cwiwPZ KeiGK gvRvi eGj MÉvGg ‰Gm cÉGek KGi gZje wgqv bvGg ‰K ìGek| ‰LvGb ‰Gm
PvjvGZ cviZ bv| Avevi, wbiciva AvGgbv weweGKI LvGjK eÅvcvix ˆm gvZe»i digvb Avjxi evwoGZ wMGq wbGRGK wci wnGmGe cwiPq
ZvjvK w`Z bv| mgvGR cÉPwjZ ‰me KzmsÕ•vi I A®¬wek¼vGmi ˆ`q| bvbviKg AGjŒwKK K^v eGj mKGji gGb wek¼vm ŠZwi KiGZ
KviGYB cÉZviKiv myGhvM cvq ‰es mvaviY gvbylGì KÓ¡ ˆcGZ nq| Pvq| AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì AævZ ˆgv`vGœQi wcGii LvG`g
AvGjvPÅ DóxcGKi mgvReÅeÕ©vGZI ‰gbB cÉPwjZ cÉ^v I KzmsÕ•vi nGq mg†«¬ ‰KwU MÉvGg cÉGek I DóxcGKi gZje wgqvi wci wnGmGe
dzGU DGVGQ| dGj AvñwemRÆb w`GZ nGqGQ RqwmsnGK ‰es cÉvY w`GZ KvRxcyi MÉvGg cÉGek, `yGUvB mgvb bvUKxq| Zviv DfqB wbGRGì
nGqGQ AcYÆvi QvM-wk÷GK| myZivs, DóxcK I AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi cwiPq w`GZ wewf®² AGjŒwKK Kvwnwbi DcÕ©vcb KGiGQ, hv ZvGì
AvGjvGK ‰ K^v mZÅ ˆh, cÉPwjZ cÉ^v I KzmsÕ•vi KLGbv eÅwÚ I `yRbGK AvñcwiPq `vGb I AvñcÉKvGk Awf®² KGi ZzGjGQ|
mgvGRi RbÅ mnvqK bq, eis A¯¦ivq| N dmGji mg†w«¬, Rxebhvcb c«¬wZ I cÉPwjZ wek¼vm aviGYi
w`K ˆ^GK “DóxcGKi MÉvgRxeb ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi MÉvgRxeGbi
cÉk²  55 Xv.êv., w`.êv., wm.êv., h.êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 8 LwíZi…c”@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
KvRxcyi MÉvg ˆ^GK kni AGbKUv `ƒGi AewÕ©Z| cÉK‡wZ D`vi nvGZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ gne»ZbMi MÉvg kGmÅ I mÁ·G` mg†«¬|
‰ AçGji gvbylGK kmÅ I mÁ·G` myLx îGLGQ| ‰ AçGji gvbyGli Zviv mevB dmGji gvGV nvwm-AvbG±` ˆgGZ ^vGK| ZGe ‰LvbKvi
w`b KvGU dmGji ˆLGZ, M†nÕ©vwj KvGR, nvwm-DrmGe I cÉPwjZ ˆjvKRb agÆfxi‚ I KzmsÕ•vGi wek¼vmx| ZvB kmÅnxb MÉvg ˆ^GK
wek¼vGm| ‰ MÉvGgi gvZe»i digvb Avjxi evwoGZ ‰K co¯¦ weGKGj gwR` ‰ MÉvGg ‰Gm wcGii AGjŒwKK Kvwnwb ˆkvbvGj Zviv Zv wek¼vm
gZje wgqv bvGg AGPbv ‰K ìGeGki AvMgb NGU| `yMÆg c^ cvi KGi| gne»ZbMi MÉvGg fvMÅ cwieZÆGbi Avkvq ‰Gm gwR` gvbyGli
nGq Avmv gZje wgqvi ˆPvGL-gyGL Avkâv, D`&GeM I Õ¼Gµ²i wewPò agÆwek¼vmGK cuywR KGi wbGRi KZ‡ÆZ½ weÕ¦vi KGi| ‰B MÉvGg ‰Gm
Avfvm| mevi mvgGb ˆm wbGRGK wci wnGmGe cwiPq w`Gq bvbviKg gwR` weGq KGi msmvi ÷i‚ KGi| MÉvGgi gvZe»iI Zvi gZvgZGK
AGjŒwKK KgÆKvGíi MÍ¸ ejGZ ÷i‚ KGi| ài‚Z½ w`Gq wePvi KvR cwiPvjbv KGi|
K. ‘giv gvbyl wR±`v nq KÅvgGb’@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1 DóxcGKi KvRxcyi MÉvgGKI cÉK‡wZ kmÅ I mÁ·G` mg†«¬ KGi
L. ‘MÉvGgi gvbyl ˆhb iwngviB AbÅ msÕ•iY’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 îGLGQ| ‰LvbKvi mevB dmGji gvGV I NGii KvGR nvwm-AvbG±`
M. DóxcGKi gZje wgqv ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` ˆgGZ ^vGK| mÁ·Gì cÉvPzhÆ ^vKGjI Zviv KzmsÕ•vGi wek¼vmx| ZvB,
AvñcwiPq`vGb I AvñcÉKvGk KZUv Awf®²? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 3 `yMÆg c^ cvwo w`Gq KvRxcyi MÉvGg ‰Gm gZje wgqv gvZe»Gii evwoGZ
N. “DóxcGKi MÉvgRxeb ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi MÉvgRxeGbi wbGRGK wci `vwe KGi ‰es wewf®² AGjŒwKK KgÆKvGíi K^v eGj|
LwíZi…c”@ ‰ g¯¦eÅ KZUv ˆhŒwÚK? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi gwR` I DóxcGKi gZje wgqv `yRGbB ˆPvGL-
55 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi gyGL kâv I Õ¼µ² wbGq wbR MÉvg ˆQGo AbÅ MÉvGg ‰Gm AvkÉq ˆbq|
Zviv bvbviKg AGjŒwKK Kvwnwb eGj MÉvGgi gvbyGli gGb wek¼Õ¦ nGq
K ‘giv gvbyl wR±`v nq KÅvgGb’@ DwÚwU gwRGì|
 ^vKGZ Pvq| wK¯§ DcbÅvGmi gwR` ˆhgb Zvi PvZzGhÆi «¼viv
L gne»ZbMGii ˆjvGKiv gwRGì cÉ^g Õ¨x iwngvi gGZvB Š`wnK MÉvgevmxi AvÕ©vfvRb nGq IGV, DóxcGK ˆm welGqi ˆKvGbv BwãZ
kwÚGZ ejxqvb, wK¯§ mnR-mij ‰es gvbwmKfvGe `yeÆj I fxZz cvIqv hvq bv| gwR` Ni-evwo, Rwg-Rgv I cÉfve-cÉwZcwî weÕ¦vi
cÉK‡wZi, hv cÉGk²vÚ evKÅwUi gvaÅGg êvSvGbv nGqGQ| A KGi| gne»ZbMi MÉvGg ‰Gm ˆm `yB weGq KGi msmvixI nq|
‰gbwK, gvZe»Gii mvG^ mvwjGki wePvi KvGRI Ask ˆbq| wK¯§ KGi wbGRGì KZ‡ÆZ½ cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ PvIqvi w`K w`Gq AvGjvPÅ
DóxcGK ÷ay DcbÅvGmi gwRGì gne»ZbMi MÉvGg cÉGek I agÆGK DcbÅvGmi gwR` I DóxcGKi ingZ Avjxi gGaÅ mv`†kÅ iGqGQ|
ˆK±`Ê KGi wbGRi AGjŒwKKZvi MGÍ¸i w`KwU ewYÆZ nGqGQ| ZvB Avevi, AÍ¸eqwm Õ¨xGì Pçj I Õ¼vaxbGPZv gvbwmKZvi w`KwU bv eyGS
ejv hvq, “DóxcGKi MÉvgRxeb ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AZÅvPvi PvjvGbvi welGqI `yRGbi gGaÅ mv`†kÅ cwijwÞZ nq|
MÉvgRxeGbi LwíZi…c”@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| N AÍ¸eqGm weGqi KviGY Õ¼vgxi «¼viv wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi nIqvi
w`K w`Gq DóxcGKi kvnvbv I DcbÅvGmi Rwgjvi fvMÅ ‰KB mƒGò Muv^v|
cÉk²  56 Xv. êv.; w`. êv.; wm. êv.; h. êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 9
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv Pcjv-Pçjv ‰K wKGkvix| AÍ¸eqGmB
w`bgRyi Aveyj wgqvi ‰Kgvò ˆgGq kvnvbv| ‰Lb ˆm evGiv eQGii
Rwgjvi weGq nq Zvi ˆPGq AGbK êwk eqwm gwRGì mvG^| gwR`
wKGkvix| ˆPnvivUv ‰KUz îvMv eGj eqmUv Zvi KZ, Zv wVK êvSv hvq
gne»ZbMi MÉvGg fvGMÅi cwieZÆGbi Avkvq ‰Gm agÆGKw±`ÊK eÅvemv
bv| kvnvbv Lye Pçj I Õ¼vaxbGPZv Õ¼fvGei| ˆm DœQj I nvmÅgyLi|
÷i‚ KGi| gwR` ‰KwU AævZ KeiGK gvRvi wnGmGe cÉwZÓ¤v KGi
nVvr ‰Kw`b cvGki MÉvGgi iBP NUK gaÅeqwm ing Avjx bvgK ‰K
mKGji wek¼Õ¦ nGq IGV| wK¯§ AÍ¸eqwm Rwgjv gwRGì ‰B
cvGòi mvG^ kvnvbvi weGqi cÉÕ¦ve wbGq AvGm| kvnvbvi wcZv AfvGei
cÉfveGK ài‚Z½ ˆ`q bv| ZvB ˆm RwgjvGK eGk Avbvi RbÅ kvwÕ¦
K^v ˆfGe ‰B weGqi cÉÕ¦vGe ivwR nq| wK¯§ kvnvbvi `y’GPvGL weÕÃq I
ˆ`q ‰es bvbviKg fq ˆ`Lvq|
ˆÞvf| Zvi Õ¼µ²àGjv ing Avjxi AvPiGY I i…pZvq weP„YÆ nGq hvq|
DóxcGKi kvnvbv evGiv eQGii ‰K `yi¯¦ wKGkvix| Pçj, DœQj I
K. AvØvm MÉvGg Kx cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ ˆPGqwQj? 1
Õ¼vaxbGPZv kvnvbvGK Zvi wcZv AfvGei KviGY cvGki MÉvGgi gaÅeqwm
L. ‘avb w`qv Kx nBe, gvbyGli Rvb hw` bv ^vGK’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
ing Avjxi mvG^ weGqi cÉÕ¦vGe ivwR nq| wK¯§ kvnvbv ‰ welGq ˆÞvf
M. DóxcGKi ing Avjx I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiGòi
cÉKvk KiGjI weGq Kiv Qvov Zvi Avi ˆKvGbv Dcvq wQj bv| Õ¼vgx
mv`†kÅ wbYÆq KGiv| 3
ing Avjxi i…p AvPiGY kvnvbvi Õ¼µ²àGjv me P„Y-Æ weP„YÆ nGq hvq|
N. “DóxcGKi kvnvbv I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjvi fvMÅ ‰KB
mƒGò Muv^v”@ ‰ g¯¦eÅ KZUv MÉnYGhvMÅ? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv I DóxcGKi kvnvbv `yRbB MÉvGgi nvwm-
Lywk, Pçj I Õ¼vaxbZvwcÉq wKGkvix| Zviv ŠKGkvi cvi nIqvi AvGMB
gaÅeqwm eÅwÚi mvG^ weGq nGq msmvGii KwVb evÕ¦eZvi gyGLvgywL nq|
K AvØvm MÉvGg ‰KwU Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ ˆPGqwQj|
 DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv Zvi Pçj Õ¼fvGei KviGY gwRGì «¼viv wbhÆvwZZ
L cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUGZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q wePwjZ nq| gwR` ZvGK eGk Avbvi RbÅ bvbviKg fq-fxwZI ˆ`Lvq| Avevi,
nGq IVvi w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ| DóxcGKi kvnvbvi Õ¼µ²àGjv ing Avjxi AvPiGYi i…pZvq aƒwjmvr nGq
gwRGì cÉ^g Õ¨x iwngv ZvGK fwÚ I kÉ«¬v KGi| wK¯§ gwR` Zvi hvq| AÍ¸eqGm weGqi KviGY Õ¼vgxi «¼viv gvbwmKfvGe wbhÆvwZZ nIqvi
AÍ¸eqwm w«¼Zxq Õ¨x Rwgjvi Ici wbGRi cÉfve weÕ¦vGii RbÅ bvbv w`K w`Gq DóxcGKi kvnvbv I DcbÅvGmi Rwgjvi fvMÅ ‰KB iKg|
ˆKŒkj AejÁ¼b KGi| ‰RbÅ ˆm `yGhÆvMcƒYÆ A®¬Kvi ivGZ RwgjvGK ZvB ejv hvq, cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
gvRvGi êuGa îGL AvGm| gwR` hLb RwgjvGK Soe†wÓ¡i ivGZ ‰Kv cÉk²  57 iv.êv., Kz.êv., P.êv. e.êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 8
gvRvGi êuGa îGL AvGm, ZLb iwngv Rwgjvi K^v ˆfGe wePwjZ
igRvb I nvwjgvi `k eQGii msmvi| weGqi ci ˆ^GK AGbK ˆPÓ¡vi
nGq IGV| Rwgjvi RbÅ iwngvi gvbwmK cwieZÆb jÞ KGi gwR`
ciI ZvGì ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb nq bv| AGbK ˆLuvRvLuywRi ci Zviv AGbK
Zvi gGbvGhvM AbÅw`GK mivGZ Pvq| ZvB ˆm wkjve†wÓ¡i cÉmã ZzGj
`ƒGii ‰K MÉvGg ˆKivgZ bvgK KweivGRi m®¬vb cvq| m¯¦vb jvGfi
avGbi ÞwZ nIqvi K^v eGj | wK¯§ ‰ cwiwÕ©wZGZ Õ¼vgxfÚ iwngv
Avkvq eÅvKzj igRvb `Ë‚Z nvwjgvGK ˆmLvGb wbGq hvq| KweivR
cÉwZev`x fvlvq gwR`GK cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGi| iwngvi ‰B DwÚi
ˆKivgZ AGbKÞY chÆGeÞY KGi eGj, “ˆcGU êwo cGo eBjvB
«¼viv Zvi gvZ‡n†`Gq Kgeqwm Rwgjvi RbÅ kâv I m¯¦vbevrmjÅmyjf
ˆZv Õ¨xGjvGKi m¯¦vbvw` nq bv; KviI cGo mvZ cÅuvP, KvGiv ˆPŒó|”
gGbvfve cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ| B
K. gwR` KvGK kvwo wKGb w`GqwQj? 1
M Õ¨xi cÉwZ i…p AvPiGYi w`K w`Gq DóxcGKi ing Avjx I ‘jvjmvjy’ L. ‘avb w`qv Kx nBe, gvbyGli Rvb hw` bv ^vGK|’@eÅvLÅv
DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiGòi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| KGiv| 2
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` gne»ZbMi MÉvGg ‰Gm agÆGK ˆK±`Ê KGi M. DóxcGKi igRvb I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi
wbGRi cÉfve weÕ¦vi KGi| m¯¦vbcÉvwµ¦i Avkvq cÉ^g Õ¨x ^vKv mGî½I gGaÅ we`Ågvb mv`†kÅ I Šemv`†kÅ wbYÆq KGiv| 3
AÍ¸eqwm RwgjvGK weGq KGi ˆm| wK¯§ Rwgjv msmvGi I aGgÆ N. “DóxcGKi ˆKivgZ KweivR ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì
gGbvGhvMx bv nIqvq gwRGì me K^v gvGb bv| ‰gbwK gwR` ZvGK ˆjvK VKvGbvB ˆckv”@ DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
aGgÆi cÉwZ AbyivMx KGi wbGRi eGk ivLGZ PvBGjI Rwgjv Zvi
weGivwaZv KGi| dGj gwR` bvbvfvGe Rwgjvi Ici AZÅvPvi Pvjvq|
K gwR` nvmywbi gvGK kvwo wKGb w`GqwQj|

DóxcGKi w`bgRyi Aveyj wgqv Zvi AÍ¸eqwm ˆgGq kvnvbvi weGq wVK
KGi| kvnvbv wQj Pçj, DœQj I Õ¼vaxbGPZv| wK¯§ gaÅeqwm cvGòi L cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUGZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q wePwjZ
mvG^ weGq wVK Kivi welqwU ˆm gvbGZ cvGi bv| DóxcGKi ing nGq IVvi w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ|
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gvRvGi êuGa îGL AvGm| gwR` hLb RwgjvGK Soe†wÓ¡i ivGZ ‰Kv nGq IGV| Avevi, LvGjK eÅvcvixi eDGqi m¯¦vb bv nIqvi RbÅ ˆcGU
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Zvi gGbvGhvM AbÅw`GK mivGZ Pvq| ZvB ˆm wkjve†wÓ¡i cÉmã ZzGj cyuwR KGiB DóxcGKi ˆKivgZ I gwR` DfGqB wbGRGì Õ¼v^Æ nvwmj
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cÉwZev`x fvlvq gwR`GK cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGi| iwngvi ‰B DwÚi
«¼viv Zvi gvZ‡n†`Gq Kgeqwm Rwgjvi RbÅ kâv I m¯¦vbevrmjÅmyjf cÉk²  58 iv.êv., Kz.êv., P.êv. e.êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 9
gGbvfve cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ| B evwoGZ `yB eD ^vKvi ciI eRjy ˆPŒwK`vi MZ gvGm cÉ^g Õ¨xi AGaÆK
M DóxcGKi igRvb I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi eqGmi AvGiKwU ˆgGqGK weGq KGi NGi ‰GbGQ| ‰B AÍ¸eqwm eDGK
PwiGò mv`†kÅ I Šemv`†kÅ `yB-B we`Ågvb| eRjy KviI mvgGb AvmGZ ˆ`q bv| Zvi K^vi AbÅ^v nGj eDGK Kov
kvmb KGi| ‰Kw`b cvGki evwoi ˆQGji mvG^ K^v ejvi AcivGa
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm LvGjK eÅvcvixi Õ¼vgxfÚ I agÆfxi‚ Õ¨x AvGgbv|
ˆQvGUv eDGK kxGZi ivGZ NGii evBGi êuGa ivGL ˆm| ‰ NUbvq cÉ^g
mGZGiv eQi msmvi Kivi ciI ˆm wbtm¯¦vb| ‰Qvov LvGjK
eD Lye KÓ¡ cvq| mviv ivZ ˆm Nygvq bv, Avevi Kgeqwm ˆgGqUvGK
eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨x Zvby wewei eQi eQi m¯¦vb R¯Ã ˆÌqvi welqwU
NGi ˆWGK ˆbGe ‰gb mvnmI cvq bv|
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AvDqvjcyGi AvMZ wcGii KvQ ˆ^GK cvwb cov ˆLGZ Pvq| wK¯§ K. gwR`GK ˆ`GL cÉ^Gg Rwgjvi Kx gGb nGqwQj? 1
MÉvGgi fí agÆeÅemvqx gwR` LvGjK eÅvcvixGK m¯¦vb bv nIqvi L. Rwgjv gwRGì gyGL ^y^y w`GqwQj ˆKb? 2
KviY wnGmGe ˆcGU êwo covi K^v eGj| AvGgbv wewei wPwKrmvi M. DóxcGKi eRjy ˆPŒwK`vGii gvbwmKZv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
RbÅ ZvB ˆm gwRGì kiYvc®² nq| ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
DóxcGKi igRvb I nvwjgv `k eQi msmvi Kivi ciI ZvGì N. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` Pwiò
weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb nq bv| AGbK LuyGR ˆKivgZ KweivGRi m®¬vb ˆcGj
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m¯¦vb bv nIqvi RbÅ ˆcGU êwo covGK `vqx KGi| ‰KBfvGe K gwR`GK ˆ`GL cÉ^Gg Rwgjvi `yjvi (eGii) evev gGb nGqwQj|
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DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixI gwRGì K^vq Zvi Õ¨xi ˆcGUi êwo L gwR` Zvi w«¼Zxq Õ¨x RwgjvGK kvwÕ¦ w`GZ ˆRvi KGi gvRvGii
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DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi mvG^ DóxcGKi igRvGbi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| gyGL ^y^y w`GqwQj|
ZGe DcbÅvGm êwo ˆLuvRvi RbÅ wPwKrmv eÅeÕ©vi DGÍÏL ^vKGjI
gwRGì AvG`Gk bvgvR coGZ wMGq Rwgjv RvqbvgvGRB NywgGq
DóxcGK ˆm welGq ˆKvGbv AvGjvPbv ˆbB| gƒjZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
cGo| welqwU jÞ KGi gwR` Rwgjvi Ici ˆKÌvGa D¯Ãî nGq IGV|
LvGjK eÅvcvixi ciwbfÆikxj gGbvfve I DóxcGKi igRvGbi wbGRi RwgjvGK kvwÕ¦ ˆÌqvi RbÅ ˆm Zvi nvZ aGi UvbGZ UvbGZ
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N ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm fíwci gwR` PwiGòi PvZzhÆ I KcUZvi ˆ^GK wbGRi nvZ QvwoGq ˆbIqvi ˆPÓ¡v KGi| hLb AGbK ˆPÓ¡v
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‰Gm cÉGek KGi| ‰LvGb ‰Gm AævZ ‰K KeiGK ˆm ˆgv`vGœQi  M DóxcGK eRjy ˆPŒwK`vi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆK±`Êxq Pwiò
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agÆeÅvemv ÷i‚ nq| KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² gvbyl `ƒi ˆ^GK Zvi KvGQ AvGm ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆK±`Êxq Pwiò gwR`| Zvi cÉ^g Õ¨x iwngvi weGqi
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KGi bvbvb wRwbm `vb-m`Kv ˆ`q| Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq| wbGRi evmbv PwiZv^Æ KiGZ ˆm AÍ¸eqwm RwgjvGK
DóxcGKi ˆKivgZ KweivR MÉvGgi gvbyGli wek¼vmGK cuywR KGi wbGRi weGq KGi| wKGkvix Rwgjv Zvi PvçGjÅi KviGY gwRGì me K^v ˆgGb
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AæZvi myGhvM wbGq ZvGì VwKGq wbGRi eÅvemvi mg†w«¬ NUvq| gvaÅGg Zvi PwiGòi wbÓ¤zi I N†YÅ w`KwUi cwiPq cvIqv hvq|
‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi fí gwR` I DóxcGKi ˆKivgZ `yRbB agÆGK DóxcGKi eRjy ˆPŒwK`vGii gvGSI eü weGq Kivi gvbwmKZv
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cÉwZÓ¤v KGi ˆjvKRGbi KvQ ˆ^GK `vb MÉnY KGi ‰es ZvGì wPwKrmvi AbÅ ˆKvGbv gvbyGli mvgGb ˆhGZ ev ZvGì mvG^ K^v ejGZ ˆ`q
bv| Zvi K^vi AevaÅ nGj bvbvfvGe Õ¨xGK kvwÕ¦ ˆ`q| gwRÌ cÉ^g K. ajv wgqv Kvi fvB? 1
Õ¨x ^vKv mGî½I AÍ¸eqwm RwgjvGK weGq KGi I Zvi K^v bv gvbGj L. ‘kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk’@ ejGZ Kx
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PwiòwU ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| PwiGòi mv`†kÅ KZUzKz? 3
N ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm fí agÆeÅemvqx gwR` PwiGòi wewf®² w`K N. “DóxcKwUGZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ‰KwU LívsGki
BwãZ iGqGQ”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
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gvRvi wnGmGe cÉwZÓ¤v KGi wbGRi cÉfve weÕ¦vi KGi| ˆm ‰B MÉvGgi L cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU «¼viv ‰ ˆ`Gki cÉvw¯¦K gvbyGli A®¬ agÆwek¼vGmi
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ˆm AÍ¸eqwm RwgjvGK weGq KiGj bZzb Õ¨x Zvi AevaÅ nq| dGj ˆm
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KviI mvgGb AvmGZ ˆ`q bv| AvGjvPÅ DcbÅvm I DóxcGK Õ¨xGK
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DcÕ©vcb Kiv nqwb| gƒjZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm gwR` PwiGòi Amg weGq nGjI Rwgjv wKsev ZvGniv ˆKDB ZvGì AmnvqZ½GK ˆgGb
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cÉk²  59 XvKv êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 8 cÉ`kÆb KGiGQ| wbGRGì Õ¼ Õ¼ AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
Rwgjv I DóxcGKi ZvGniv `yRbB ZvGì mvG^ nIqv AbÅvGqi wei‚G«¬
ewncxi : ..... wewe mvGne@
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‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm mGPZb ‰KRb gvbyl| ZvB wkÞvi DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
AvGjv w`Gq MÉvGgi gvbylGK gwRGì cÉwZ A®¬wekvm ˆ^GK euvPvGZ 71 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
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mÞg nb| kvmbKvhÆ cwiPvjbv KiGZ mÞg nb|
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N. ‘‘AvswkK mv`†kÅ ^vKGjI ügvqƒb I wmivRDGóŒjvi cwiYwZ KGiwQGjb| ZvB Zuvi fvGMÅ RyGUGQ Ki‚Y cwiYwZ Z^v g†ZzÅ|
‰K bq’’@ weGkÏlY KGiv| A 4 HwZnvwmK ‰gb wbgÆg evÕ¦eZvi cwiGcÉwÞGZ ejv hvq, ‘DóxcGKi
42 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi ügvqƒGbi ˆkl cwiYwZ ‰es beve wmivRDGóŒjvi cwiYwZ wf®² avivq
cÉengvb|’@ cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU mwVK I h^v^Æ|
K ievUÆ KÑvBf DwgPuv`GK ˆmiv wek¼vmNvZK eGjGQb| A
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L BsGiRGì Zzjbvq kwÚ I mvgG^ÆÅ êwk nIqv mGî½I wek¼vmNvZKGì cÉk²  43 ivRkvnx êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 10
KviGY civRq AekÅÁ¿vex ˆRGbB beve wmivRDGóŒjv cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU wmsnRvbx ciMbvi ‰K cÉZvckvjx Rwg`vGii bvg wmsn bvivqY ivq|
eGjGQb| A cÉRvevrmjÅ Zvi PwiGòi AbÅZg w`K| cÉRvGì myGLi RbÅ wZwb w`wN
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK cjvwki cÉv¯¦Gi hyG«¬i gq`vGb BsGiRGì Lbb, ivÕ¦vNvU wbgÆvY, Õ•zj-KGjR-gvìvmv cÉwZÓ¤v, Lv`Åvfve
Zzjbvq beve wmivRDGóŒjvi ŠmbÅ msLÅv wQj AwaK ‰es kwÚkvjx| ˆgvKvwejvq Lv`Å gRy`mn bvbviKg RbwnZKi KgÆKví cwiPvjbv
wK¯§ bevGei evwnbxGZ wek¼vmNvZK wgiRvdi ‰es Zvi Abymvix KiGZb| Zvi Rwg`vwii AbÅZg m`mÅ wQGjb ‰Kgvò fw™²cwZ mgi
ŠmbÅI wQj| wgiRvdi bevGei ˆmbvcÉavb nGjI Zvi cÉwZ bevGei mgvóvi| wZwb ZvGK AZÅ¯¦ ˆÕ²n KiGZb ‰es wek¼vm KiGZb| ‰B
wek¼vm wQj bv| ZvB mvg^ÆÅ ^vKv mGî½I civRq ˆVKvGbv hvGe bv wek¼vGmi myGhvGM mgi mgvóvi AvñÕ¼v^Æ PwiZvG^Æ eÅÕ¦ ^vKZ| Zvi
ˆfGe beve cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGiGQb| K‡ZKgÆ AGbKevi aiv coGjI Rwg`vi J`vhÆekZ ZvGK Þgv KGi
w`GZb| ‰K eQi LvRbv cwiGkvGai RbÅ mgiGK `vwqZ½ w`Gj ˆm mgÕ¦
M ÞgZvGivnGYi ci ˆ`wk-weG`wk PKÌv¯¦-lohG¯ï gGZv KwVb
A^Æ wbGq AvñGMvcb KGi| mƒhÆvÕ¦ AvBGb Rwg`vwii cZb NGU|
cwiwÕ©wZi gyGLvgywL nIqvi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi ügvqƒb I beve
wmivRDGóŒjvi ÞgZvGivnGYi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| A K. DwgPuv` ˆKv^v ˆ^GK evsjvG`Gk ‰GmGQ? A 1
L. ‘‘Avgvi ˆkl hy«¬ cjvwkGZB|’’@ ˆKb? A 2
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wmivRDGóŒjv AÍ¸ eqGm wmsnvmGb AvGivnY
M. DóxcGKi mgi mgvóvi KxfvGe ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
KGib| Zuvi ‰B wmsnvmGb AwawÓ¤Z nIqv cwievi I ìevGi
wgiRvdGii mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? A 3
AGbGKi KvGQB ClÆvi KviY nGq ùvovq| Zviv bevGei wei‚G«¬
N. ‘‘DóxcGKi cÉRvermj wmsn bvivqY ivq ˆh KviGY Rwg`vwi
Mfxi PKÌv¯¦-lohG¯¨ wjµ¦ nq| kvmbKvhÆ cwiPvjbv KiGZ wMGq
nvwiGqGQb ‰KB KviGY ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZv
beve ‰me PKÌv¯¦Kvixi AmnGhvwMZvi wkKvi nb|
mƒhÆ AÕ¦ hvq|’’@ DóxcK I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvGjvGK
DóxcGK mgËvU eveGii g†ZzÅi ci Zvi cyò ügvqƒb AÍ¸ eqGm wmsnvmGb
DwÚwU hvPvB KGiv| A 4
AvGivnY KGib| wK¯§ wmsnvmGb emvi ciB bvbv w`K ˆ^GK loh¯¨ ÷i‚
nGq hvq| Zuvi Õ¼RbivI Zuvi wei‚G«¬ lohG¯¨ wjµ¦ nq| mgËvU ügvqƒb 43 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
KGVvi nGÕ¦ bvbvgyLx lohG¯ï ˆgvKvwejv KGi kvmbKvhÆ Pvjvb| K DwgPuv` jvGnvi ˆ^GK evsjvG`Gk ‰GmGQ| A
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‰gwbfvGe beve wmivRDGóŒjvI ÞgZvGivnGYi ci bvbvgyLx lohG¯ï L ˆgvnbjvj cjvwki hyG«¬ Avm®² civRq I wbGRi g†ZzÅ AwbevhÆ
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DóxcGKi ügvqƒGbi mvG^ beve wmivRDGóŒjvi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ| cjvwki hyG«¬ wgiRvdi, ivq`yjÆf, Bqvi jyrd ZvGì ŠmbÅevwnbx wbGq
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DóxcGKi ügvqƒGbi cwiYwZ ‰es beve wmivRDGóŒjvi cwiYwZ wf®² beveGK civRq eiY KiGZ nq| wK¯§ bevGei cGÞ ˆ`kGcÉwgK
avivq cÉengvb| A ˆgvnbjvj, ˆbŒGe wms, ew`Ë Avwj cÉgyL Rxeb evwR îGL jovB KGi|
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjvi cwiYwZ wQj LyeB Ki‚Y| hyG«¬i ˆkl chÆvGq ˆgvnbjvj wmivRDGóŒjvGK gywkÆ`vevG` wdGi wMGq
AÍ¸ eqGm wmsnvmGb AvGivnGYi ci ˆ^GK ˆ`wk-weG`wk lohG¯ï RvGj ŠmbÅ msMÉGni civgkÆ ˆ`q| beve ‰KvB wdGi hvGeb wK bv@ ‰gb
AvUKv cGo ZuvGK eiY KiGZ nq wbgÆg cwiYwZ| loh¯¨Kvix cÉGk²i DîGi ˆgvnbjvj cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGiwQj| A
M wek¼vmNvZKZvi ˆcÉÞvcGU DóxcGKi mgi mgvóvi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ ˆhGZ Pvq ˆm| ‰jvKvq iwdK mvGnGei hk-LÅvwZ I mybvGgi hviv
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‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK wgiRvdi ‰KwU wek¼vmNvZK Pwiò| ˆm AvkÉq`vZvi mÁ·wî nÕ¦MZ Kivi RbÅ myGhvM ˆLuvGR| ‰Kw`b ˆm
bevGei mijZvi myGhvM wbGq AvñÕ¼v^Æ PwiZv^Æ KiGZ g™² nGq AGÕï gyGL mgÕ¦ mÁ·wî Zvi bvGg wjGL w`GZ iwdK mvGneGK evaÅ
cGo| beve wgiRvdGii Pwiò eySGZ ˆcGiI evievi ZvGK Þgv KGi ‰es cGi ZvGK wbgÆgfvGe nZÅv KGi|
KGi ˆ`b| bevGei ‰B gnvbyfeZvi myGhvGM wgiRvdi ˆ`Gki Õ¼v^Æ K. “Pvwiw`GK ÷ay Awek¼vm Avi loh¯¨|”@DwÚwU Kvi? A 1
Rjvéwj w`Gq ˆMvcGb BsGiRGì mvG^ nvZ ˆgjvq| Zvi ‰i…c L. “fxi‚ cÉZviGKi `j wPiKvjB cvjvq” @‰i ZvrchÆ eywSGq
KgÆKvGíi KviGYB cjvwki hyG«¬ bevGei Z^v evsjvi cZb NGU| `vI| A 2
DóxcGK mgi mgvóvi Rwg`vi wmsn bvivqY ivGqi mijZvi myGhvM M. DóxcGKi mRGji AvPiY ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb
wbGq wek¼vmNvZKZv KGiGQ| ˆÕ²ncivqY Rwg`vi mgi mgvóvGii PwiGòi mGã Zzjbxq? hywÚ ˆ`LvI| A 3
Õ¼v^Æev`x Pwiò eySGZ ˆcGiI evievi Þgv KGi w`GqGQb| wK¯§ mgi N. “DóxcGKi iwdK mvGne I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wmivGRi
mgvóvGii PwiGò ˆKvGbv cwieZÆb NGUwb| eis Rwg`vGii mgÕ¦ A^Æ cwiYwZ ‰K nGjI ˆcÉÞvcU wf®²|” @AvGjvPbv KGiv| A 4
Avñmvr KGi AvñGMvcb KGiGQ| Zvi ‰i…c KgÆKvGíi KviGY 44 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
Rwg`vi wmsn bvivqY ivqGK Rwg`vwiI nvivGZ nGqGQ mƒhÆvÕ¦ AvBGbi K ‘‘Pvwiw`GK ÷ay Awek¼vm Avi loh¯¨|’’ @DwÚwU ivq`yjÆGfi| A
KviGY| Avi mgi mgvóvGii ‰B wek¼vmNvZKZv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
L gvbylGì HKÅe«¬ nGq BsGiR I ZvGì ˆ`vmiGì wei‚G«¬
bvUGKi wgiRvdGii wek¼vmNvZKZviB cÉwZi…c|
jovBGq D`&ey«¬ KiGZ ˆMGj AGbGKi cvwjGq hvIqv cÉmGã bevGei
N DóxcGKi wmsn bvivqY ivq ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve cÉGk²vÚ K^vq cÉZviK fxi‚Gì wPi¯¦b cÉeYZvi w`KwU cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ|
DfGqi ivRZ½ nvivGbvi KviY ZvGì D`viZv I gnvbyfeZv ‰es cjvwki hyG«¬ civwRZ nGq beve wmivRDGóŒjv ivRavbxGZ wdGi ‰Gm
mij wek¼vm hv cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwUGK h^v^Æ KGi ZzGjGQ| A cybivq ŠmbÅ msMÉn KGi weËwUkGì wei‚G«¬ jovBGqi ˆPÓ¡v KGib|
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjv wQGjb mijcÉvY| wZwb wK¯§ w`GK w`GK `vwqZ½cÉvµ¦ AGbGKi cvjvGbvi K^v QwoGq cGo| ‰
mnGRB Zuvi mfvm`Gì wek¼vm KGiwQGjb| Avi Zuvi ‰B mij Lei bevGei KvGQ ‰Gj nZvkvMÉÕ¦ gvbylGK Avkvw®¼Z KiGZ ZLGbv
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mGã wek¼vmNvZKZv KGiwQj Aejxjvq| ˆMvcGb BsGiRGì mGã nvZ w`Gq wZwb cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU eGjb|
wgwjGq bevGei cZb wbwøZ KGiwQj ˆm| beve wmivRDGóŒjv M DóxcGKi mRGji AvPiY ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆgvnvÁÃw`
wgiRvdGii ‰Gnb KgÆKví cjvwki hyG«¬i cƒGeÆB Abyaveb KGiwQGjb| êM PwiGòi mGã Zzjbxq|
Zvi ciI wZwb, Õ¼fveMZ gnvbyfeZv I D`viZvi KviGY wgiRvdimn
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM ‰KRb wek¼vmNvZK I K‡ZN³
AbÅ AgvZÅGì Þgv KGiwQGjb ‰es ZvGì cÉwZkÉ‚wZGZ wek¼vm Õ©vcb
PwiGòi gvbyl| ˆm Abv^ nIqvq beve wmivRDGóŒjvi wcZvgvZvi
KGiwQGjb| bevGei ‰B mij wek¼vmB Zuvi cZGbi KviY nGq ùvovq|
AvkÉGq jvwjZ-cvwjZ nq| A^P A^ÆGjvGf gî nGq ˆm DcKvixi
DóxcGKi wmsn bvivqY ivq cÉRvermj kvmK nGjI wZwb AcKvi KGi| wgiGbi Avn»vGb beveGK wb`ÆqfvGe nZÅv KGi ˆm|
wek¼vmNvZKZvi wkKvi nGq wbGRi Rwg`vwi nvwiGqGQb| wZwb ˆgvnvÁÃw` êGMi ‰ aiGbi KgÆKví Pig wbgKnvivwgi cwiPvqK|
fw™²cwZ mgi mgvóviGK A®¬fvGe wek¼vm KGiwQGjb| AvñÕ¼v^Æ
DóxcGK Abv^ evjK mRj iwdK mvGnGei AvkÉGq jvwjZ-cvwjZ nq|
PwiZvG^Æ wbg™² mgi mgvóvGii KgÆKví mÁ·GKÆ AewnZ nGjI Õ¼xq
wK¯§ wek eQi cGi ‰Gm ˆm AvkÉq`vZvi NvZK nGq IGV| mÁ·Gì
gnvbyfeZv ˆnZz beve Zvi wei‚G«¬ ˆKvGbv eÅeÕ©v ˆbbwb| eis ZvGK
ˆjvGf cGo ˆm nxbÕ¼v^Æ PwiZv^Æ KGi| mgvGRi PKÌv¯¦KvixGì cÉGivPbvq
AveviI wek¼vm KGi myGhvM w`GqGQb| Avi Rwg`vGii ‰B wek¼vGmi
mRj iwdK mvGnGei KvQ ˆ^GK ˆRvicƒeÆK mgÕ¦ mÁ·wî wjGL ˆbq|
I gnvbyfeZvi myGhvM wbGqGQ Zuvi fw™²cwZ| A^Æ Avñmvr KGi
÷ay mÁ·wî wjGL wbGq ˆm Þv¯¦ nqwb, iwdK mvGneGK wbgÆgfvGe nZÅv
Rwg`viGK cG^ ewmGqGQ ˆm|
KiGZI Kzw¥¤Z nq bv ˆm| K‡ZN³ PwiGòi cÉwZi…c wnGmGe DóxcGKi
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve ˆhgb D`vi I mijgbv wQGjb, ˆZgwb mRj ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM PwiGòi mGã Zzjbxq|
DóxcGKi wmsn bvivqY ivqI gnvbyfe I mij gGbi AwaKvix
wQGjb| Zuviv `yRGbB mfvm`Gì Þgvmy±ì `†wÓ¡GZ ˆ`GLwQGjb ‰es N AvwkÉGZi nvGZ KiyY cwiYwZ eiGYi ˆÞGò mv`†kÅ ^vKGjI
wek¼vm KGiwQGjb| dGj ZuvGì gnvbyfeZv I wek¼vGmi myGhvM wbGqGQ DóxcGKi NUbv ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi NUbv wf®² ˆcÉÞvcGU
myGhvMm®¬vbxiv| ‰GZ bvUGKi beveGK nvivGZ nGqGQ Zuvi mvgËvRÅ iwPZ nIqvq cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| A
Avi DóxcGKi wmsn bvivqY ivqGK nvivGZ nGqGQ Zuvi Rwg`vwi| ZvB ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjvGK Ki‚Y cwiYwZ eiY KiGZ
ejv hvq, cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| nGqGQ| AgvZÅeGMÆi wek¼vmNvZKZv ‰es loh¯¨ bevGei cZb NUvGZ
cÉZÅÞ f„wgKv îGLwQj| beve mfvm`Gì hvGKB Avcb gGb
cÉk²  44 ivRkvnx êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 11 KGiwQGjb ZvivB Zvi ÞwZ KGiwQj| ‰gbwK bevGei cwievGi jvwjZ-
iwdK mvGne bvg-cwiPqnxb ‰K Abv^ evjKGK AvkÉq w`GqwQGjb cvwjZ ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM beveGK nZÅv KGi AG^Æi ˆjvGf|
wek eQi AvGM| bvg îGLwQGjb mRj| AK‡wòg fvGjvevmv I Avì- DóxcGK iwdK mvGneGK wbGRi AvwkÉZ I jvwjZ-cvwjZ gvbyGli
hGð iwdK mvGnGei m¯¦vb wnGmGeB ˆm eGov nq| wK¯§ bƒÅbZg nvGZ Rxeb w`GZ nGqGQ| Abv^ evjK mRjGK wek eQi jvjbcvjb
gvbweK gƒjÅGevGai ˆmŒif Zvi gGaÅ m†wÓ¡ nqwb| gGbi w`K ˆ^GK ˆm KGiI Zvi nvGZB Rxeb w`GZ nGqGQ iwdK mvGneGK| mÁ·`Gjvfx
‰ZB K`hÆ I msKxYÆ ˆh iwdK mvGnGei wekvj mÁ·wîi gvwjK nGq mRj iwdK mvGnGei mgÕ¦ mÁ·wî nÕ¦MZ Kivi RbÅ wbPz gvbwmKZvi
cwiPq w`GqGQ| mRGji ‰B KgÆKvGíi mg^Æb KGiGQ KwZcq wnsmyK N DóxcGK ZxeË jovBGq kò‚cÞ civwRZ nGjI ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
gvbyl, hviv iwdK mvGnGei mÁ·Gì cÉwZ ClÆvKvZi wQj| bvUGK bevGei cZb NUvq cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| A
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beveGK ˆhgb NGii gvbyGli nvGZB Rxeb w`GZ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjv wQGjb ˆ`kGcÉwgK exi|
nGqGQ, ˆZgwb DóxcGKi iwdK mvGneGKI NGii gvbyGli nvGZB Rxeb Zuvi cGÞ wQj ˆgvnbjvj, wgig`Ævb, muvGdÌmn ˆ`kGcÉwgK kwÚ| Zuviv
w`GZ nGqGQ| ZGe ZvGì `yRGbi Rxeb`vGbi ˆcÉÞvcU wQj wf®²| wbGRGì Rxeb evwR îGL ˆ`Gki RbÅ jovB KGiGQb| wK¯§
bvUGKi beveGK ˆhLvGb ˆ`wk-weG`wk lohG¯ï wkKvi nGq Rxeb w`GZ wek¼vmNvZK wgiRvdi I Zvi ˆ`vmiGì cÉZviYvq cjvwki hyG«¬
nGqGQ, ˆmLvGb DóxcGKi iwdK mvGneGK Rxeb w`GZ nGqGQ beve civwRZ nb| dGj cÉej ˆ`kGcÉg I `†p cÉZÅq ^vKv mGî½I
mÁ·`wj¶Öy AvwkÉZ gvbyGli nvGZ| myZivs cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ| ˆmB hyG«¬ ˆ`kGcÉwgK kwÚi civRq NGU|
DóxcGK gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDd I Zuvi mnGhv«¬viv ˆ`kGcÉwgK ˆhv«¬v|
cÉk²  45 w`bvRcyi êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 11 Zuviv cÉej civKÌGg kò‚Gmbvi wei‚G«¬ hyG«¬ AeZxYÆ nb| ZuvGì
1971 mvGji gnvb gywÚhyG«¬ ivOvgvwUi ‘eywoNvU’ hyG«¬ kò‚cÞ ŠbcyGYÅ cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx ZxeË cÉwZGivGai mÁÃyLxb nq| ‰B
gywÚGhv«¬vGì KÅvGÁ·i KvQvKvwQ PGj AvGm| mnGhv«¬vGì AcÉÕ§wZi hyG«¬ gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDd kwn` nGjI Zuvi iÚ e†^v hvq bv| Zuvi
welqwU Ûi ˆcGq gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDd ˆgwkbMvGbi àwj PvwjGq cvwKÕ¦vwb iGÚi e`jvq kò‚iv civÕ¦ nq| weRqx nb ˆ`kGcÉwgK gywÚGhv«¬viv|
ŠmGbÅi Ici SuvwcGq cGob| cGi mnGhv«¬viv cÉÕ§wZ wbGq hy«¬ PvwjGq ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjv I Zuvi mãx ˆ`kGcÉwgK
kò‚cÞGK NvGqj Kivi cÉvØvGj mnGhv«¬vGì Rxeb euvPvGZ kwn` nb ˆhv«¬viv kò‚i KvGQ civwRZ nGjI DóxcGK NGU DjGUv NUbv|
exiGkÉÓ¤ jÅv´Ö bvGqK gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDd| civÕ¦ nq kò‚cÞ| ˆmLvGb kò‚Gmbviv civÕ¦ nq ‰es ˆ`kGcÉwgK gywÚGhv«¬vGì weRqx
K. wgiRvdGii àµ¦Pi ˆK? A 1 nIqvi Avfvm cvIqv hvq| ZvB mvweÆK wePvGi ejv hvq, ‘‘DóxcGK
L. ‘‘fxi‚ cÉZviGKi `j wPiKvjB cvjvq’’ @ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 weRGqi eviZv ^vKGjI ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK civRq NGUGQ
M. DóxcGKi exiGkÉÓ¤ gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDGdi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ ˆ`kGcÉwgK kwÚi’’ @cÉGk²vÚ ‰B g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
bvUGK hy«¬GÞGò ˆgvnbjvGji f„wgKvi Zzjbv KGiv| A 3
N. ‘‘DóxcGK weRGqi eviZv ^vKGjI ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK cÉk²  46 KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 10
civRq NGUGQ ˆ`kGcÉwgK kwÚi|’’@g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY ‘ŠQjviPi’ welLvjx b`xi ˆgvnbvq ˆRGM IVv Pi| cwjGZ DeÆi PGii
KGiv| A 4 f„wg| ‰jvKvi Šejvg gwÍÏK PGii f„wg `LGji ˆjvf mvgjvGZ cvij
bv| wK¯§ ‰jvKvi mgvRGmeK Rwg`vGii wei‚G«¬ joGe ˆK? Šejvg
ˆMvcGb mLÅ KGib Rwg`vGii `ƒi-mÁ·GKÆi ævwZ fvB wcjy wmK`vGii
K wgiRvdGii àµ¦Pi nGjv Dgi êM| A mvG^| Zvi mnvqZvq Šejvg gwÍÏK ‰es Zvi PvUzKvi evwnbx Pi `Lj
L gvbylGì HKÅe«¬ nGq BsGiR I ZvGì ˆ`vmiGì wei‚G«¬ KGi| ‰Lb ŠejvGgi bZzb PGii `vwqZ½ ˆbIqv I ˆbZ‡GZ½i `vcU
jovBGq D`&ey«¬ KiGZ ˆMGj AGbGKi cvwjGq hvIqv cÉmGã bevGei ˆ`LvGbvi mgq| ˆm wcjy wmK`vGii D`&Gevabx AbyÓ¤vGb DcwÕ©wZ
cÉGk²vÚ K^vq cÉZviK fxi‚Gì wPi¯¦b cÉeYZvi w`KwU cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ| Qvov ŠQjviPGii `vwqZ½ MÉnGY Abxnv ˆ`Lvq| ‰fvGe b`xi eyGK ˆRGM
cjvwki hyG«¬ civwRZ nGq beve wmivRDGóŒjv ivRavbxGZ wdGi ‰Gm IVv bZzb PiwU Rwg`vGii ˆbZ‡Z½ nvivq| A
cybivq ŠmbÅ msMÉn KGi weËwUkGì wei‚G«¬ jovBGqi ˆPÓ¡v KGib| K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆkl msjvc Kvi? A 1
wK¯§ w`GK w`GK `vwqZ½cÉvµ¦ AGbGKi cvjvGbvi K^v QwoGq cGo| ‰ L. ‘‘weËwUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb, ‰ eo jävi K^v’’
Lei bevGei KvGQ ‰Gj nZvkvMÉÕ¦ gvbylGK Avkvw®¼Z KiGZ ZLGbv @eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2
wZwb exiGZ½i K^v eGjb| ‰ cÉmGãB cjvqbiZGì Kvcyi‚l AvLÅv M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Šejvg gwÍÏGKi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
w`Gq wZwb cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU eGjb| wgiRvdi PwiGòi Zzjbv KGiv| A 3
M ˆ`Gki RbÅ Rxeb evwR ivLvi ˆÞGò DóxcGKi exiGkÉÓ¤ gyw´Ö N. ‘‘DóxcGK ewYÆ Z NUbv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi Ki‚ Y cwiYwZi
Ave`yi iDGdi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆgvnbjvj Zzjbxq| A AvswkK QvqvwPò|’’ @gZvgZ weGkÏlY KGiv| A 4
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆgvnbjvj wQGjb ‰KRb ˆ`kGcÉwgK exi| wZwb 46 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
beve wmivRDGóŒjvi wbG`ÆGk cjvwki cÉv¯¦Gi cÉvYcGY jovB KGiGQb| K ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆkl msjvc ˆgvnvÁÃw` êGMi| A
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cÉavb ˆmbvcwZ wgiRvdi ˆhLvGb wek¼vmNvZKZv KGi hy«¬GÞGò L ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg `yGMÆ beve wmivRDGóŒjvi AvKÌgGYi gyGL BsGiRiv
BsGiRGì cÞvejÁ¼b KGiwQj, ˆmLvGb ˆgvnbjvj ˆ`Gki RbÅ ˆkl
cvwjGq hvIqvq cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU Kiv nGqGQ| A
iÚwe±`y ^vKv chÆ¯¦ jovB KGiwQGjb| BsGiRGì cÉej AvKÌgGY g†ZzÅ
Avm®² ˆRGbI wZwb ‰KvB cÉwZGiva MGo ZzGjwQGjb| Avi beveGK 1706 mvGj3 cÉwZwÓ¤Z ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg `yGMÆ BsGiRiv bevGei webv
ivRavbxGZ ˆdiZ cvwVGqwQGjb cybivq ŠmbÅ msMwVZ KiGZ| AbygwZGZ mvgwiK kwÚ e†w«¬ KGi| ZvB beve IB `yMÆ AvKÌgY KGib|
DóxcGK exiGkÉÓ¤ gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDd ˆ`kvñGevGa AwePj wQGjb|
3
wZwb ˆ`Gki RbÅ Rxeb evwR îGLGQb| cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi weËwUk BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi DG`ÅvGM KjKvZvq ‘ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg’ bvgK
mÁÃyGL ‰KvB cÉwZGiva MGo ZzGjGQb| mnGhv«¬vGì Rxeb euvPvGZ gƒj `yMÆwUi wbgÆvYKvR mÁ·®² nq 1706 mvGj| 1756 mvGj beve
wmivRDGóŒjv ‰wU AwaKvi KGi ˆbb ‰es KjKvZvi bvgKiY KGib
wbGRi RxebGK ZzœQ KGi wZwb kò‚i Ici SuvwcGq cGoGQb| Avi
‘AvwjbMi’| ZLb ˆ^GKB `yeÆj KvVvGgvi ‰ `yMÆwUi a»sGmi mƒPbv NGU|
exiGkÉÓ¤ gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDGdi ‰B exiZ½ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK wmivRDGóŒjvi cZGbi ci BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwb bZzbfvGe `yMÆwU wbgÆvGYi
ˆgvnbjvGji hy«¬GÞGòi KgÆKvGíiB mgZzjÅ| DG`ÅvM ˆbq ‰es 1781 mvGj Zv mÁ·®² nq| ‰ `yMÆwU eZÆgvGb fviZxq
BsGiR ŠmbÅiv bevGei ŠmbÅGì AvKÌgGYi gyGL w`Gknviv nGq coGj cÉk²  47 KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 11
KÅvG¶Ÿb wgbwPb, KvDw´Öji dKjÅv´£ I gÅvwbsnvg ˆbŒKvGhvGM `yMÆ ˆ^GK ˆkvGbv, ‰Kw`b ‰B ˆ`kUvGZ
cvwjGq AvñiÞv KGib| ˆkl chÆvGq KÅvG¶Ÿb ˆKÑUbI MfbÆi ˆWÈGKi `vbGeiv ˆ`q nvbv
mvG^ civgGkÆi bvg KGi AvñiÞvG^Æ me cÉwZæv fzGj `yMÆ ˆ^GK cvwjGq kKzGbiv ˆgGj Wvbv
hvb| ZvB eÅãvG^Æ cÉGk²vÚ K^vwU ejv nGqGQ| A cyGo QviLvi gvGVi kmÅ
M PKÌv¯¦ KGi KZ‡ÆZ½ jvGfi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi Šejvg gwÍÏK gvbyGli AvÕ¦vbv|
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdi PwiòwUi mGã Zzjbxq| A K. bevGei ˆMvj±`vR evwnbx ˆKvb Lvj ˆcwiGq QyGU AvmGQ? A1
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdi ‰KRb KcU I DœPvKv›Þx L. ‘‘wdGi ‰GmwQ ivRavbxGZ Õ¼vaxbZv eRvq ivLevi ˆkl ˆPÓ¡v
eÅwÚ| wmivRDGóŒjvi ˆmbvcwZ nIqv mGî½I Zvi AvMÉn wmsnvmGb Kie eGj|’’ @DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2
emv| wK¯§ BsGiRGì mnGhvwMZv Qvov Zv mÁ¿e bq| ‰ KviGY ˆm M. DóxcGKi ‘`vbGeiv’, ‘kKzGbiv’ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi KvGì
BsGiRGì mGã nvZ wgwjGq bevGei wei‚G«¬ loh¯¨ KGi| dGj mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 3
wgiRvdGii KgÆKvGí eÕ§Z Õ¼v^ÆciZv, KcUZv I wek¼vmNvZKZvB N. DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mvG^ KZUzKz ˆhvMmƒò Õ©vcb
wPwn×Z nq| KGiGQ? weGkÏlY KGiv| A 4
cÞv¯¦Gi DóxcGKi Šejvg gwÍÏK welLvjx b`xGZ ˆRGM IVv ŠQjvi Pi 47 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
`Lj KiGZ Pvq| Zvi cGî evav Rwg`vi| ‰ KviGY wgiRvdi ˆhgb K bevGei ˆMvj±`vR evwnbx wkqvj`Gni gvivVv Lvj ˆcwiGq QyGU AvmGQ|
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loh¯¨ I wek¼vmNvZKZvi c^ êGQ ˆbq, ˆZgwb Šejvg gwÍÏKI
L cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUi gvaÅGg beve wmivRDGóŒjvi gGaÅ cjvwki hyG«¬
wek¼vmNvZKZvi c^ êGQ ˆbq| Rwg`vGii ævwZ fvB wcyj wmK`vGii
civÕ¦ nGq Õ¼vaxbZv iÞvi cÉej AvKv›Þvi w`KwU cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ| A
mGã loh¯¨ KGi ˆm PiwU `Lj KGi ˆbq| PGii `vwqZ½ MÉnGYi
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK cjvwki hyG«¬ bevGei cÉavb ˆmbvcwZ wgiRvdi
ˆÞGòI Šejvg gwÍÏK wgiRvdGii gGZv bvUKxqZvi AvkÉq ˆbq| ˆm
wek¼vmNvZKZv KGi| dGj beve ˆmLvGb civÕ¦ nGq wKQy ŠmbÅ wbGq
wcjy wmK`vGii DcwÕ©wZ I ˆ`vqv Qvov PGii `vwqZ½ MÉnY KiGZ
ivRavbxGZ wdGi AvGmb| ‰ Avmv cjvqb bq, cybMÆwVZ nGq BsGiRGì
AcviMZv cÉKvk KGi| A^Ævr wgiRvdGii gGZv Šejvg gwÍÏKI
wei‚G«¬ jovB KGi Õ¼vaxbZv iÞvi ˆkl ˆPÓ¡v KiGZ Pvb beve| cÉGk²vÚ
‰KRb Õ¼v^Æci, wek¼vmNvZK I KcU eÅwÚ|
DwÚwUi gvaÅGg wmivGRi ˆm AvKv›ÞvB AwfeÅÚ nGqGQ|
N DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mgMÉ wPòGK cÉKvk KGi bv;
M DóxcGKi ‘`vbGeiv’, ‘kKzGbiv’ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ewYÆZ
‰wU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ê`bven cwiYwZi LíwPò gvò|
BsGiRGì mGã mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| A
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUKwU 1757 mvGji cjvwki hyG«¬i cUf„wgGZ
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK weËwUk êwbqv ˆkÉwY ‰ ˆ`Gk eÅemvq Kivi
iwPZ| ‰ bvUGK KxfvGe mnGhvMxGì wek¼vmNvZKZvi KviGY beve
RbÅ ‰GjI ˆKŒkGj kvmbÞgZv KzwÞMZ Kivi PKÌv¯¦ KGi| Zviv ‰
wmivRDGóŒjv civwRZ nb, Zv ewYÆZ nGqGQ| civwRZ beveGK
ˆ`Gki wbixn gvbyGli Ici cÉej AZÅvPvi-wbhÆvZb Pvjvq| ZvGì
KvivMvGi ew±` AeÕ©vq b†ksmfvGe nZÅv Kivi KvwnwbI wPwòZ
ˆmB AZÅvPvGii cÉKvkÅ i…c ˆ`Lv hvq jeYPvwli eYÆbvq| beve
nGqGQ ‰ bvUGK| A
wmivRDGóŒjv BsGiRGì ‰B wbgÆgZvi eYÆbv ÷Gb ggÆvnZ nGqGQb|
DóxcGKi Šejvg gwÍÏK ‰K KcU I wek¼vmNvZK Pwiò| ˆm welLvjx Avi ZvB ˆ`k ˆ^GK BsGiRGì weZvoGb ˆkl chÆ¯¦ ˆPÓ¡v KGi
b`xGZ ˆRGM IVv ŠQjvi Pi `Lj Kivi RbÅ Rwg`vGii mvG^ ˆMGQb beve|
wek¼vmNvZKZv KGi| ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKI bevGei mvG^ Zuvi AgvZÅ DóxcGK ‰ ˆ`Gk wKQy cvlGíi AvKÌgGYi K^v ejv nGqGQ| Zviv
I AvcbRbGì wek¼vmNvZKZvi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| bvUKwUGZ ‰ZUvB AZÅvPvix Avi wbgÆg ˆh ZvGì `vbe I kKzGbi mGã Zzjbv
wgiRvdi, NGmwU êMg, RMrGkVGì loh¯¨ ‰es BsGiRGì Kiv nGqGQ| Zviv ‰ ˆ`Gk AvKÌgY KGi dmGji gvV QviLvi KGiGQ,
myGhvMm®¬vbx gvbwmKZvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq| dGj bevGei g†ZzÅ gvbyGli AvevmÕ©j cywoGq w`GqGQ| ZvGì ‰B b†ksmZv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi gyLÅ welq bq| bvUKwU eÕ§Z ‰KwU HwZnvwmK bvUGK ewYÆZ BsGiRGì AZÅvPvGii mgZzjÅ| ZvB ejv hvq, DóxcGK
NUbvi ŠkwÍ¸K AvLÅvb| wK¯§ DóxcGKi cUf„wg ‰Z weÕ¦‡Z bq| cÉZxKvG^Æ ewYÆZ `vbe I kKzGbiv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ewYÆZ
KvwnwbGZ NUbvwPò Lye êwk bq| MÉvgxY ‰KRb gvbyl KxfvGe loh¯¨ BsGiRGì mGã mv`†kÅcƒYÆ|
KGi Pi `Lj KGi wbj, DóxcGK ZvB cÉavb weGePÅ| hwÌ wgiRvdi
I Šejvg gwÍÏK PvwiwòK w`K ˆ^GK ‰KB iKg| N DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ewYÆZ BsGiR AvKÌgGYi
BwãZ enb KiGjI evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZv nvivGbvi ggÆ¯§` Kvwnwb dzwUGq
DchÆyÚ AvGjvPbvq Avgiv ˆ`Ljvg, ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆhLvGb
ZzjGZ cvGiwb| A
‰KUv weÕ¦‡Z cUf„wg iGqGQ, ˆmLvGb DóxcGKi KvwnwbGZ ˆZgb weÕ¦‡Z
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjvi Acwimxg ˆ`kGcÉg
welq A¯¦fzÆÚ nqwb| wek¼vmNvZKZv, Õ¼v^ÆciZv I KcUZvi wPò ^vKv
‰es Zvi wecixGZ BsGiRGì PvZzhÆ I AgvZÅeGMÆi wek¼vmNvZKZvi
mGî½I DóxcKwU ZvB ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ‰KwU LwíZ w`KGK
w`KwU ewYÆZ nGqGQ| beve ‰ ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv iÞvi RbÅ AvcÉvY
DG¯ÃvPb KGi| mvweÆK w`K weGePbvq ZvB ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUK I
ˆPÓ¡v KiGjI wKQy AgvGZÅi wek¼vmNvZKZvi KviGY Zv cvGibwb|
DóxcGKi AvGjvGK ejv hvq, cÉGk² DwÍÏwLZ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
kKzbi…cx BsGiRiv ‰ ˆ`Gki kvmbÞgZvi ˆjvGf loh¯¨ KGi ‰es
ˆmbvevwnbxi cƒeÆvçjxq KgvGíi mì `µ¦i wnGmGe eÅen†Z nGœQ| ˆmB AgvZÅGì KvGR jvMvq| dGj beveGK Ki‚Y cwiYwZ eiY
[Z^Åmƒò: DBwKwcwWqv] KiGZ nq ‰es evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZv nq wec®²|
DóxcGK ÷ay ‰ ˆ`Gk kò‚i AvKÌgGYi K^v ewYÆZ nGqGQ| kò‚iv `vbexq wbGq KxfvGe M†nkò‚i PKÌvG¯¦i wkKvi nGqwQj| wek¼vmNvZKZvi ewj
i…Gc ‰ ˆ`Gk AZÅvPvi Pvjvq| ZvGì AZÅvPvi ˆ^GK wKQyB@ ˆKDB nGq ˆgNbvGì civRq NGU ‰es ivg-iveGYi weRq mƒwPZ nq| Avi
învB cvq bv| dmGji gvV Zviv R¾vwjGq QviLvi KGi w`GqGQ| gvbyGli DóxcGKi ‰ w`KwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdGii wek¼vmNvZKZv
emZwfUv cywoGq w`Gq gvbylGK evÕ§nviv KGiGQ Zviv| ZvGì ‰B I bevGei civRGqi w`KwUi cÉwZdjbB wbG`Æk KGi|
b†ksmZv eYÆbv KivB DóxcGK gƒj DGókÅ| N DóxcGKi ˆgNbv` ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjv
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi gƒj welq beve wmivRDGóŒjvi Ki‚Y cwiYwZ DfqB ˆ`Gki RbÅ Ki‚Y cwiYwZ eiY Kivq cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwUi
‰es Zuvi AgvZÅGì wek¼vmNvZKZvi cwiPq ˆÌqv| bvUGK DGV h^v^ÆZv cÉwZc®² nGqGQ| A
‰GmGQ beve wmivRDGóŒjvi Mfxi ˆ`kGcÉg, cÉvmv` loh¯¨, BsGiRGì ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjv wQGjb ˆ`kGcÉGg ejxqvb|
PvZzhÆ ‰es bevGei mijZv| DóxcGK bvUGKi ‰B mÁ·ƒYÆ welq dzGU wZwb ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv-mveÆGfŒgZ½ iÞvq Avg†ZzÅ jovB KGiGQb|
IGVwb| ˆmLvGb ˆKej ewnivMZ kò‚i AvMÉvmGbi wPò dzGU DGVGQ; AgvZÅeGMÆi wek¼vmNvZKZv I cÉvmv` loh¯¨ ‰es BsGiR êwbqvGì
ˆ`kxq`yRÆbGì loh¯¨, bevGei b†ksm nZÅvKví I wec®² Õ¼vaxbZvi AvMÉvmb ZuvGK UjvGZ cvGiwb| ZvB cjvwki hyG«¬ civwRZ nGqI
w`KwU Õ©vb cvqwb| ZvB ejv hvq, DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wZwb ˆ`kGcÉwgK RbZvGK Avn»vb RvwbGqGQb BsGiRGì wei‚G«¬ i‚GL
mvG^ cwicƒYÆ ˆhvMmƒò Õ©vcb KiGZ cvGiwb| ùvovGbvi RbÅ|
cÉk²  48 PëMÉvg êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 10 DóxcGKi ˆgNbv` ˆ`kGcÉGgi ‰K Abycg `†Ó¡v¯¦ Õ©vcb KGiGQ|
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L. ‘‘Avgvi mviv AwÕ¦Z½ RyGo ˆKej ˆ`qvGji wfo|’’@ eywSGq ˆ`kGcÉGgi AwaKvix ‰es mvnmx exi| wek¼vmNvZKGì PvZzGhÆi KvGQ
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AvGjvPbv KGiv| A 3 cÉk²  49 PëMÉvg êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 11
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msKGU ˆdGjGQ, hv AvGjvPÅ DwÚGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ| 49 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
M DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ewYÆZ wek¼vmNvZKZvi cwiGcÉwÞGZ K beve wmivRDGóŒjv fMevbGMvjvq ew±` nb| A
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M DóxcGKi bÞò ivGqi ÞgZvi ˆjvGf gî nGq ivRvi 50 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
wei‚«¬vPiY Kivi w`KwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi NGmwU êMGgi K wmivRDGóŒjvi Õ¨xi bvg jyrdzG®²mv| A
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L beve wmivRDGóŒjvi ŠmbÅ KjKvZv AvKÌgGYi mgq MfbÆi
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK NGmwU êMg beve wmivRDGóŒjvi Avcb
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Lvjv| Zv mGî½I ˆm bevGei ÞwZ Kivi RbÅ DGVcGo jvGM|
ˆKbbv, ÞgZvi ˆjvf NGmwU êMgGK êcGivqv KGi ˆZvGj| ‰RbÅ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK BsGiRGì wbqgewnfÆÆƒZ kwÚ e†w«¬i ˆPÓ¡vi
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RãGK mg^Æb Rvbvq NGmwU êMg| NGU| ZLb MfbÆi iRvi ˆWÈK fq ˆcGq ˆMvcGb cvwjGq hvq| wK¯§
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N DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cÉvmv` lohG¯ï w`KwU cÉKvk ˆm bevGei ìevGi ˆ^GK bevGei mGã wek¼vmNvZKZv KGiGQ|
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‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjvi Acwimxg ˆ`kGcÉg w`GjI wgiRvdi Zvi ghÆv`v ivGLwb| eis KxfvGe beveGK wmsnvmb
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civwRZ nGZ nq| KGiGQ| Avi ˆgvLGjQvGii gGZvB wek¼vmNvZKZvi AvkÉq wbGqwQj
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cÉwZ ALywk nGq ivRvGK nZÅv Kivi loh¯¨ KGib| ‰ RbÅ wZwb N A®¬wek¼vGmi KviGYB DóxcGKi RGe`v LvZzb ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
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ˆ`kGcÉg, BsGiRGì PvZzhÆ, hy«¬GÞGò beve I Zvi AgvZÅGì f„wgKv
wgiRvdi I Zvi mnGhvMxiv evievi fzj Kiv mGî½I beve ZvGì Þgv
‰me wKQyi BwãZ DóxcGK ˆbB| ZvB ejv hvq, ‘‘DóxcGK
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‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi welqeÕ§i AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ|’’
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@cÉGk²vÚ ‰B g¯¦eÅwU h^v^Æ|
Zviv ˆMvcGb BsGiRGì mGã nvZ wgwjGq beve wmivRDGóŒjvi cZb
cÉk²  50 wmGjU êvWÆ 2019  cÉk² bs 11 Z½ivw®¼Z KGiGQ|
RGe`v LvZzGbi Lye KvGQi ˆjvK wQj ˆgvLGjQvi ingvb| RGe`v LvZzb DóxcGKi RGe`v LvZzGbi A®¬wek¼vmB Zvi ÞwZi KviY nGqGQ|
wek¼vm KGi Zvi RwgRgv ˆ`LvGkvbvi fvi ˆ`b ˆgvLGjQvi ingvbGK| wZwb ˆgvLGjQvi ingvbGK wek¼vm KGi RwgRgv ˆ`LvGkvbvi `vwqZ½
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wek¼vm Kiv fvGjv wK¯§ A®¬wek¼vm KLGbv KLGbv gvbylGK cG^ ewmGq ˆ`q| wbGqGQb| A^P RGe`v LvZzb hw` mnGRB ˆgvLGjQvGii cÉwZ wek¼vm
K. wmivRDGóŒjvi Õ¨xi bvg Kx? A 1 bv KiGZb, ZvnGj Zvi ‰B ÞwZ nGZv bv|
L. ‘‘iRvi ˆWÈK cÉvYfGq KzKzGii gGZv jÅvR àwUGq cvwjGqGQ’’ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve ‰es DóxcGKi RGe`v LvZzb DfqB
@eÅvLÅv KGiv| A 2 Ki‚Y cwiYwZi wkKvi nGqGQb| Zviv mnGRB gvbylGK wek¼vm KGiGQb|
M. ‘‘DóxcGKi ˆgvLGjQvi ˆhb ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdiGK ˆKvGbvwKQy bv ˆfGeB Zviv `vwqZ½ w`GqGQb mÁ·ƒYÆ wek¼vGmi Ici fi
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N. ‘‘wek¼vm Kiv fvGjv wK¯§ A®¬wek¼vm gvbylGK KLGbv KLGbv A®¬wek¼vGmi KviGY ZvGì cG^ emGZ nGqGQ| ZvB ejv hvq, ‘‘wek¼vm
cG^ ewmGq ˆ`q’’ @‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvGjvGK Kiv fvGjv, wK¯§ A®¬wek¼vm gvbylGK KLGbv KLGbv cG^ ewmGq ˆ`q’’
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cÉk²  51 AvGjvPÅ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjv wQGjb ‰KRb ˆ`kGcÉwgK exi|
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`yGMÆ hy«¬iZ BsGiRcGÞi ŠmbÅGì cÉwZ Kiv nGqwQj| A Õ¼vaxbZvi ‰B ŠewkÓ¡ÅB ewYÆZ nGqGQ| ZvB ejv hvq, DóxcGK ewYÆZ
L cÉwZGkvacivqY nGq NGmwU êMg wmivRDGóŒjvGK jÞÅ KGi Õ¼vaxbZvi AvÕ¼v`b ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve I Zuvi ˆ`kGcÉwgK
cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGiwQj| A ˆhv«¬vGì AvñZÅvGMi gvaÅGg cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ|
beve wmivRDGóŒjvGK mwiGq hviv A^Æ I ÞgZv jvGfi RbÅ loh¯¨
cÉk²  52 Xv. êv. 2018; w`. êv. 2018; wm. êv. 2018; h.
KGiwQj, ZvGì mGã wQj NGmwU êMg| wmivRDGóŒjv beve nGj
êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 10
Zv ˆgGb wbGZ cvGi bv NGmwU êMg| ZvB ˆm ˆMvcGb wgiRvdi I
AbÅGì mGã loh¯¨ KGi| beve wmivRDGóŒjv NGmwU êMGgi ‰B BwZnvm c^ wbj KzwUj c«Âvi euvGK euvGK,
KgÆKví eySGZ ˆcGi ZvGK gwZwSj ˆ^GK bevGei gvGqi KvGQ wbGq evi‚G` ˆRvqvi jvGM, cxZvã ˆMuvqvi evb WvGK@
ˆhGZ PvBGj Þzº¬ nq NGmwU êMg| Avi ZLbB ˆm beveGK DGókÅ ‰wkqvi mƒhÆ IGV ˆ`v`Æí cÉZvc|
KGi cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU KGi| AvZÆbv` KGi wbGZ AMwYZ cÉRvcyé
M DóxcGKi ‘‘gbylÅGZ½i evb ˆWGK hvq c÷i n†`qZGj’’ PiYwUGZ wek¼vmNvZK cÉfz wbGqGQ we`vq;
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cjvwki cÉv¯¦Gi wgiRvdi I Zvi ˆ`vmiGì ˆh KÑxe cvjvGe Zvi gywÚ ˆbB Avi|
KgÆKvGíi Šemv`†kÅ jÞ Kiv hvq| A K. wmivRDGóŒjvi gvGqi bvg Kx? A 1
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK cjvwki hyG«¬ beve wmivRDGóŒjv ˆ`Gki L. “Avgvi bvwjk AvR Avgvi wei‚ G«¬”@ ‰ DwÚi ZvrchÆ Kx? 2
Õ¼vaxbZv iÞvq gwiqv wQGjb| wK¯§ wek¼vmNvZK wgiRvdi I Zvi M. DóxcGKi eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cUf„wgMZ
AbyMZiv ˆMvcGb BsGiRGì mGã nvZ wgwjGq ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv mv`†kÅ KZUzKz weGkÏlY KGiv| A 3
f„jyw¥¤Z KGiwQj| Zviv hyG«¬i gq`vGb BsGiRGì cÞvejÁ¼b KGi N. “wek¼vmNvZK cÉfz wbGqGQ we`vq”@ ‰ DwÚwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
Vuvq ùvwoGq wQj| dGj BsGiRiv mnGRB hyG«¬ Rqjvf KGiwQj| bvUGKi Kvwnwbi AvGjvGK KZUv mZÅ? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
Avi ‰GZ evsjv Zvi Õ¼vaxbZv nvwiGqwQj| 52 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
DóxcGK Õ¼vaxbZvi gvnvñÅ ewYÆZ nGqGQ| Õ¼vaxbZv ‰gb ‰K wRwbm,
K wmivRDGóŒjvi gvGqi bvg Avwgbv êMg| A
hvi Avn»vb AmÁ¿eGK mÁ¿e KGi ˆZvGj| ‰wU fxi‚i gGbI mvnm
mçvwiZ KGi| Õ¼vaxbZv gGbi c÷Z½GK webvk KGi gbylÅGZ½i Avn»vGb L cÉRvGì `yGfÆvGMi RbÅ AbÅ KvDGK ˆ`vlvGivc bv KGi Avñ™Ïvwb
‰wMGq hvIqvi ˆcÉiYv ˆRvMvq| Avi ‰ welqwU êvSvGZ DóxcGK ejv cÉ Kvk KiGZ wMGq beve wmivRDGóŒjv ‰K^v eGjGQb|
nGqGQ, ‘‘gbylÅGZ½i evb ˆWGK hvq c÷i n†`qZGj’’| wK¯§ DóxcGKi DrcxwoZ eÅwÚGK ìevGi WvKvi cƒGeÆ beve Zuvi cvwil`Gì ˆWGK
‰B welqwUi wecixZ ˆcÉÞvcU dzGU DGVGQ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ZuvGì wbR wbR `vwqZ½ cybivq ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`b| ‰GZ Am¯§Ó¡ nGq
cjvwki hyG«¬| wgiRvdi beveGK cÉk² KGi, wZwb ZvGì mG±`n KiGQb wK bv? wK¯§
N DóxcGKi Õ¼vaxbZvi AvÕ¼v`b ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve beve ˆKvGbv AwfGhvM RvbvGZ Pvb bv| evsjvi cÉRvGì myL-
wmivRDGóŒjv ‰es Zvi ˆ`kGcÉwgK AgvZÅGì AvñZÅvGMi gvaÅGg Õ¼vœQ±`Å weavb bv KiGZ cvivq wbGRGKB Acivax AvLÅv ˆ`b wZwb|
dzGU DGVGQ| A Avi ‰ cÉmGãB wZwb wbGRi wei‚G«¬ bvwjGki K^v eGjb|
M weG`wk AvMÉvmb ˆ^GK ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZvGK AÞzY² ivLvi 53 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi
cUf„wgMZ w`K ˆ^GK DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mvG^ K wgiGbi wbG`ÆGk wmivRDGóŒjvGK nZÅv Kiv nq|A

AGbKUvB mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| A
L kIKZRã NGmwU êMGgi AvÕ©vfvRb nIqvq ˆm beve nGj
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi eYÆbvq Avgiv ˆ`LGZ cvB, BÕ¡ Bw´£qv loh¯¨KvixGì Õ¼v^Æwmw«¬ NUGe, ‰gbwUB cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUGZ|
ˆKvÁ·vwb evsjvi mveÆGfŒgGZ½i RbÅ ügwK nGq ùvovq| Zviv wbGRGì
Avwjew`Æ LvGbi g†ZzÅi ci wmsnvmGb eGmb Zvi ˆ`Œwnò wmivRDGóŒjv|
Õ¼v^Æwmw«¬i RbÅ evsjvGK wbGRGì KzwÞMZ Kivi ˆPÓ¡v KGi| wK¯§
wK¯§ NGmwU êMgmn AbÅvbÅ PKÌv¯¦Kvix ‰wU ˆgGb wbGZ cvGi bv| Zviv
ˆ`kGcÉgx beve BsGiR êwbqv kwÚi ‰B AcGPÓ¡vGK i‚GL ˆÌqvi RbÅ
wmivRDGóŒjvi LvjvGZv fvB kIKZ RãGKB ˆhvMÅ DîivwaKvix gGb
cÉwZæve«¬ nb| wZwb ˆ`kGcÉgx ŠmwbKGì mvG^ wbGq jovB Kivi
KGi| ˆKbbv, wmivRDGóŒjv beve nIqvq ZvGì eÅwÚÕ¼v^Æ PwiZvG^Æ
ˆNvlYv ˆ`b| cÉwZe®¬KZv ŠZwi nq| dGj NGmwU êMGgi ˆÕ²nabÅ kIKZRãGK
DóxcGK wek¼vmNvZK cÉfzGì cwinvi KGi ˆ`Gki KjÅvYgG¯¨ DäxweZ beve evbvGZ cviGj wbGRGì ˆÕ¼œQvPvwiZvq ˆKvGbv A¯¦ivq ^vKGe bv
nIqvi K^v ejv nGqGQ| ˆmLvGb mvnmx exiGì mKj AcGPÓ¡vi eGj gGb KGi loh¯¨Kvixiv| Avi ‰RbÅB cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU Kiv nGqGQ|
wei‚G«¬ jovB Kivi RbÅ cÉwZæve«¬ nIqvi K^v ewYÆZ nGqGQ|
M wechÆÕ¦ AeÕ©vi w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi iveY PwiòwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
wek¼vmNvZKGì AvMÉvmb ˆ^GK Õ¼vaxbZvGK iÞvq DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‰B
bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjvi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ| A
w`KwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKI `†kÅgvb| dGj bvUGKi cUf„wgMZ w`K
AvswkKfvGe mv`†kÅgq nGq DGVGQ DóxcGKi mvG^| AvGjvPÅ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjv wmsnvmGb Avmxb nGqB bvbv
cÉwZe®¬KZvi gyGLvgywL nb| wZwb AgvZÅGì wek¼vmNvZKZv ‰es
N ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK wek¼vmNvZGKivB ˆkl chÆ¯¦ wUGK ^vKvq cÉvmv`-lohG¯ï wkKvi nGq wechÆGqi gGaÅ cwZZ nb| ZviciI
cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU bvUGKi ˆÞGò h^v^Æ bq| A kò‚i KvGQ gv^v bZ KGibwb| Õ¼Í¸msLÅK wek¼Õ¦ ŠmbÅ wbGqB wZwb
AvGjvPÅ bvUGK ‰G`kGK jyU KGiGQ weG`wkiv| Zviv ‰G`kxq BsGiRGì wei‚G«¬ cÉwZGiva MGo ˆZvjvi ˆPÓ¡v KGib| wbwøZ g†ZzÅ
ˆ`vmiGì mnGhvwMZvq cjvwki hyG«¬ beveGK civwRZ KGiGQ| dGj ˆRGbI beve wmivRDGóŒjv ˆKvGbv mw®¬i c^ êGQ ˆbbwb| eis
wek¼vmNvZK ˆmbvcwZ wgiRvdi BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi cyZzj beve g†ZzÅGKB Avwjãb KGi wbGqGQb Aejxjvq|
nGq wmsnvmGb DcweÓ¡ nq| beve wmivRDGóŒjv Acwimxg ˆ`kGcÉg I DóxcGK ivÞmivR iveYGK wb`vi‚Y msKGUi gyGLvgywL nGZ ˆ`Lv
cÉej BœQv ^vKv mGî½I ˆKej lohG¯ï KviGY ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv hvq| ‰Kw`GK kò‚GewÓ¡Z AeÕ©v, AbÅw`GK AvñxGqi wek¼vmNvZKZv
wemRÆb w`GZ evaÅ nGqGQb| Zuvi cZGbi dGj wek¼vmNvZGKivB ZuvGK wechÆÕ¦ KGi ZzGjGQ| mGeÆvcwi hy«¬GÞGò cyòGì g†ZzÅmsev`
ÞgZvi gmbG` AvGivnY KGiGQ| iveYGK Ki‚Y cwiwÕ©wZi mÁÃyLxb KGiGQ| ‰ AeÕ©vGZI ˆm kò‚GK
DóxcGK ˆ`kGcÉgxGì ˆ`Gki KjÅvYgG¯¨ DäxweZ nIqvi K^v ejv i‚GL w`GZ e«¬cwiKi| ZvB g†ZzÅfq DGcÞv KGi wbGRB iYmvGR
nGqGQ| ˆmLvGb ˆ`v`Æí cÉZvGc ‰wkqvi mƒhÆ DVGQ| wek¼vmNvZKGì mwäZ nGq hyG«¬i gq`vGb AMÉmi nq iveY| Avi iveY PwiGòi
ˆmLvGb ˆKvGbv VuvB ˆbB| Zviv we`vq wbGqGQ| dGj cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGZ ‰B msKUvc®² w`KwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjvi
PGjGQ mZÅ I bÅvqbxwZ| ˆÞGòI `†kÅgvb| ‰fvGeB Pwiò `ywU ciÕ·i mv`†kÅcƒYÆ|
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆ`kGcÉgxGì civwRZ nGZ ˆ`Lv hvq| ˆmLvGb N DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ ˆ`kGcÉg ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK bevGei
wek¼vmNvZGKivB weRqx nGqGQ| wK¯§ DóxcGK wek¼vmNvZKGì we`vq Õ¼vaxbZv iÞvi ZvwMGì gaÅ w`Gq cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ| A
NGUGQ| ‰ ˆÞGò DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ŠecixZÅ AvGjvPÅ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjv wQGjb ˆ`kGcÉGg ejxqvb| wZwb
mƒwPZ nGqGQ| ZvB ejv hvq, cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwU bvUGKi ˆÞGò mZÅ nGq ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv-mveÆGfŒgZ½ iÞvq Avg†ZzÅ jovB KGiGQb| AgvZÅeGMÆi
IGVwb| wek¼vmNvZKZv I cÉvmv`-loh¯¨ ‰es BsGiR êwbqvGì AvMÉvmb ZuvGK
cÉk²  53 Xv. êv. 2018; w`. êv. 2018; wm. êv. 2018; h. UjvGZ cvGiwb| ZvB cjvwki hyG«¬ civwRZ nGqI wZwb ˆ`kGcÉgx
êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 11 RbZvGK Avn»vb RvwbGqGQb BsGiRGì wei‚G«¬ i‚GL ùvovGbvi RbÅ|
DóxcGK ivÞmivR iveY ˆ`kGcÉGgi ‰K Abycg `†Ó¡v¯¦ DcÕ©vcb
‘ˆgNbvèa-KvGeÅ’i ˆ`kGcÉwgK ivÞmivR iveY ˆ`Gk kò‚GewÓ¡Z I KGiGQb| wZwb Pviw`GKi wek¼vmNvZKZv I cÉZviYvi KviGY
Aei‚«¬| ivgP±`Ê I Zvi evbi ŠmbÅ jâv bMixGK Pviw`K ˆ^GK wNGi wechÆqKi AeÕ©vq cwZZ nGjI ˆfGO cGobwb| hyG«¬i gq`vb
îGLGQ| iveGYi AbyR wefxlY kò‚GmbvGì mvG^ ˆhvM w`Gq iveGYi ˆ^GK exi cyòGì g†ZzÅmsev` ÷GbI wbGRi cÉwZævq AUj ˆ^GKGQb
wecGÞ ùvwoGqGQ| Pvwiw`GK Awek¼vm, cÉZviYv I wechÆGqi nvZQvwb| wZwb| ˆ`kGK iÞvi msMÉvGg iveY wbGRB iYmvGR mwäZ nGq QyGU
hy«¬GÞò ˆ^GK exi cyòGì g†ZzÅi Lei AvGm Zuvi KvGb| welY² I wMGqGQb iYvãGb| ˆ`Gki RbÅ iveGYi ‰B ZÅvM I msMÉvg ZuvGK
ˆ`ËvnÞzº¬ iveY kò‚i ˆgvKvwejv Kivi RbÅ hy«¬mvR wbGq iYGÞGò exiGZ½i gwngvq Dä¾j KGi ZzGjGQ|
AMÉmi nq| ˆ`Gki RbÅ ‰ msMÉvg cÉK‡Z exiGZ½i gwngvq Dä¾j|
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjv Zuvi KgÆKvGí
K. Kvi wbG`ÆGk wmivRDGóŒjvGK nZÅv Kiv nq? A 1 ˆ`kGcÉGgi ˆh Õ¼i…c ZzGj aGiGQb Zv DóxcGKi ivÞmivR iveGYi
L. “kIKZRã beve nGj mKGji DGókÅ nvwmj nGe”@ ˆ`kGcÉGgi mgZzjÅ| beve wmivRDGóŒjv ˆhgb ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv I
ˆKb? A 2 mveÆGfŒgZ½ iÞvq e«¬cwiKi wQGjb ˆZgwb iveYI ˆ`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv
M. DóxcGKi iveY PwiòwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb iÞvq wQGjb cÉwZkÉ‚wZkxj| Zuviv DfqB ˆ`kgvZ‡Kvi RbÅ g†ZzÅfq
PwiGòi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? weGkÏlY KGiv| A 3 DGcÞv KGi QyGU wMGqGQb iYvãGb| ZvB ejv hvq, ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
N. DóxcGKi ˆ`kGcÉg ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KxfvGe cÉwZdwjZ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjvi ˆ`kvñGevGai gaÅ w`Gq DóxcGK
nGqGQ Zv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| A 4 cÉKvwkZ ˆ`kGcÉGgi w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ|
cÉk²  54 iv. êv. 2018; Kz. êv. 2018; P. êv. 2018; e. KGiwQGjb| wK¯§ Zviv bevGei mvG^ wek¼vmNvZKZv KGiwQj|
êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 10 BsGiRGì mGã ˆMvcGb loh¯¨ KGi beveGK wbgÆg cwiYwZ eiY
bZzb evBGK ˆPGc ivGk` ‰Kw`b weGKGj Zvi gvgvi evwoi DGóGk KiGZ evaÅ KGiwQj Zviv| Avi beve Zuvi mij wek¼vGmi KviGY
iIbv ˆ`q| cw^gGaÅ wbRÆb Õ©vGb jvwVGZ fi w`Gq ùvwoGq ^vKv AgvZÅeGMÆi KvGQ ‰fvGe cÉZvwiZ nGqwQGjb |
‰KRb ˆjvK nvZ ZzGj ZvGK ^vgGZ eGj| ivGk` KvGQ wMGq evBK DóxcGK Avgiv ivGkGì gvGS mijZvi cÉwZdjb jÞ Kwi| ˆm
^vgvGj ˆjvKwU ZvGK AbyGiva KGi eGj@ “fvB, Avwg ‰KRb cãy ivÕ¦vq ùvwoGq ^vKv ˆjvKwUGK cãy ˆfGe Zvi DcKvi KiGZ
gvbyl, `qv KGi AvgvGK mvgGbi ˆgvGo bvwgGq ˆ`Geb?” ivGk` ZvGK ˆPGqwQj| wK¯§ ˆjvKwU ivGkGì mvG^ K‡ZN³ AvPiY KGiGQ,
evBGKi ˆcQGb wbGq wKQy`ƒi ˆhGZB ˆjvKwU ˆKŒkGj Zvi nvGZi jvwV cÉZviYvi AvkÉq wbGq evBK wbGq cvwjGqGQ| cãyGZ½i gyGLvk civ
ˆdGj ˆ`q ‰es ZvGK jvwVUv AvbGZ AbyGiva KGi| ivGk` evBK ˆ^GK ˆjvKwU ivGkGì mGã ‰ aiGbi AvPiY KiGZ ˆcGiGQ ˆKej Zvi
ˆbGg jvwV AvbGZ ˆMGj ˆjvKwU wbGgGlB evBK wbGq DavI nGq hvq| mijZvi KviGY|
K. BsGiRiv civwRZ nGq ˆKvb RvnvGR AvkÉq ˆbq? A 1 ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK Avgiv beveGK cÉZvwiZ nGZ ˆ`GLwQ Zuvi
L. ‘Bwb wK beve, bv dwKi?’@ wgiRvdi mÁ·GKÆ KÑvBGfi ‰ mijZvi KviGY| ‰KB KviGY DóxcGKi ivGk`GKI Avgiv
DwÚi KviY Kx? A 2 cÉZvwiZ nGZ ˆ`wL| Zviv hw` mnGRB AGbÅi Ici wek¼vm Õ©vcb bv
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ cãy ˆjvKwUi wek¼vmNvZKZvi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ KiZ, ZvnGj ‰fvGe cÉZvwiZ nGZv bv| ZvB wbwøZfvGeB ejv hvq,
bvUGKi KZUzKz wgj AvGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| A 3 mij wek¼vGmi KviGY gvbyGli cÉZvwiZ nIqvi welGq cÉGk² DwÍÏwLZ
N. ‘mij wek¼vGmi KviGY gvbyl cÉZviYvi wkKvi nq’@ DóxcGKi g¯¦eÅwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK cyGivcywi mZÅ nGq aiv w`GqGQ|
AvGjvGK g¯¦eÅwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆÞGò KZUzKz cÉk²  55 iv. êv. 2018; Kz. êv. 2018; P. êv. 2018; e.
mZÅ Zv weGkÏlY KGiv| A 4 êv. 2018  cÉk² bs 11
eÅvsK gÅvGbRvi gGbvqvi ˆnvGmb AZÅ¯¦ mijgbv I D`vi cÉK‡wZi
K BsGiRiv civwRZ nGq ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg RvnvGR AvkÉq ˆbq| A
 gvbyl| eÅvsGKi cÉwZwU KgÆPvixGK wZwb AMva wek¼vm KGib| Zuvi
L wgiRvdGii eÅwÚZ½nxbZv ˆ`GL ievUÆ KÑvBf ZvGK eÅã KGi gvgvi AbyGivGa gvKmy` nvmvb bvGgi ‰K eÅwÚGK wZwb KÅvwkqvi
cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU KGiwQGjb|A cG` wbGqvM ˆ`b ‰es wm±`yGKi Pvwe nÕ¦v¯¦i KGib| ‰Kw`b ivGZi
evsjvi ˆkl Õ¼vaxb beve wmivRDGóŒjvi cZGbi ci cƒeÆ PzwÚgGZv beve A®¬KvGi ŠbkcÉnixi mnvqZvq gvKmy` nvmvb eÅvsGKi mKj
nq wek¼vmNvZK I ÞgZvGjvfx wgiRvdi| ivRìevGi ‰Gm wgiRvdi A^ÆmÁ·` Avñmvr KGi AvñGMvcb KGi|
wmsnvmGb bv eGm wmsnvmGbi nvZj aGi KGbÆj KÑvBGfi RbÅ AGcÞv K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cÉ^g msjvc Kvi? A 1
KiGZ ^vGK| ‰GZ wgiRvdGii eÅwÚZ½nxbZvi ewntcÉKvk NGU| Avi Zv L. ievUÆ KÑvBf bvixi Q«ÂGeGk wgiGbi evwoGZ ‰GmwQj ˆKb? 2
ˆ`GLB KÑvBf cÉGk²vÚ g¯¦eÅwU KGiwQGjb| M. DóxcGKi ˆh welqàGjv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mvG^
M DóxcGK ewYÆZ cãy ˆjvKwUi wek¼vmNvZKZvi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ mvgémÅcƒYÆ Zvi ZzjbvgƒjK AvGjvPbv KGiv| A 3
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N DóxcGKi eÅvsK gÅvGbRvGii gGZvB ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi M cjvwki hyG«¬ civwRZ nGZ ^vKv beve wmivRDGóŒjvi ˆh
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AbymvGi bvUGKi bvg ‘mvRvnvb|’ nGq cGob| ‰B NUbv UÇvGRwW bvUGKi AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å Ki‚YiGmi
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bvUGKi mv`†kÅ ˆKv^vq? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 nb| DóxcGKI UÇvGRwW bvUGKi ‰B w`K cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ| wbR
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1781 mvGj Zv mÁ·®² nq| ‰ `yMÆwU eZÆgvGb fviZxq ˆmbvevwnbxi
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cƒeÆvçjxq KgvG´£i mì `µ¦i wnGmGe eÅen†Z nGœQ| [Z^Åmƒò: DBwKwcwWqv]
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bvUGKi ˆh Aven ŠZwi nGqGQ ˆm welqwUB ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUKGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK beve wmivRDGóŒjvi wQj wecyjmsLÅK ŠmbÅ
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AZ‰e, wUcy myjZvb I beve wmivRDGóŒjvi RxeGbi wbgÆg cwiYwZ
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M DóxcGKi ˆmbvcwZi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wek¼vmNvZK K. ‘KÑvBGfi Mvav’ ˆK? 1
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AvGjvPÅ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjv 1757 wLËÓ¡vGõi 23Gk Ryb mB nq? 2
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M DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆgvnvÁÃw` êGMi K‡ZN³ L. ‘gwZwSj ˆQGo Avwg ‰K cvI boe bv’@ DwÚwUGZ
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DóxcGKi kvnxb ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi KÑvBGfi PvwiwòK ŠewkÓ¡ÅGKB
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‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi KÑvBf DœQ†›Lj I A^ÆGjvfx wQj| ˆm DóxcGKi ügvqyGbi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wmivRDGóŒjvi wgj
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gvbyl mgvGR bv ^vKZ ZvnGj mgvRUv AviI AGbK my±ì nGZv| ZvB wmivRDGóŒjvi|
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DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ ˆjGLv| 2 beve wmivRDGóŒjv gvbexq àYvewjGZ AvœQ®² nGq kvmbKvGhÆ KGVvi
M. DóxcGKi ügvqyGbi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb nGZ cvGibwb| wmivRDGóŒjvGK ZvB civRq eiY KGi wbGZ nGqGQ|
PwiGòi wgj iGqGQ ‰es KxfvGe? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 wZwb kIKZRãGK h^v^Æ kvwÕ¦ ˆ`bwb, NGmwU êMGgi cÉwZI wQGjb
N. “DóxcGKi ügvqyGbi RxeGbi ˆkl cwiYwZ Avi AK‡cYnÕ¦| Avi wZwb Zuvi wbGRi wek¼vmNvZK AgvZÅGì wek¼vm
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjvi RxeGbi ˆkl KGiGQb| ZvB Zuvi fvGMÅ RyGUGQ civRq| Zuvi ˆkl cwiYwZ wQj
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‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve wmivRDGóŒjv PwiGòi mv`†kÅ `yfÆvMÅekZ wmivRDGóŒjv civwRZ nGqGQb| Avi eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi
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M DóxcGKi eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
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N. DóxcGKi ˆKvÁ·vwbi DGókÅ ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK
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wnGmGe wZwb wQGjb Avcmnxb| Avgiv evsjvG`k bvgK ivÓ¡Ç ˆcGqwQ
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N DóxcGKi ˆkL gywReyi ingvb ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ‰Kò nGqwQGjb wmivRDGóŒjvi wei‚G«¬ loh¯¨ Kivi RbÅ| BÕ¡ Bw´£qv
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cÉk²  71 ewikvj êvWÆ 2017  cÉk² bs 11 wmivRDGóŒjvi cÉRviv Zuvi cÉwZ AvÕ©vevb wQj ‰es ivRKvhÆ mÁ·GKÆ
1971 mvGj ZrKvjxb cwøg cvwKÕ¦vGbi mvG^ `xNÆ bq gvGmi ZvGì aviYv wQj bv| wmivRDGóŒjv wQGjb cÉK‡Z ˆ`kGcÉwgK| wK¯§
iÚÞqx gywÚhy«¬ Avi jvGLv kwnGì AvñZÅvGMi gvaÅGg Õ¼vaxb Zuvi cÉRviv wQj AmGPZb I fxi‚ cÉK‡wZi| ˆKD ev wQj Õ¼v^Æci, ˆKD
evsjvG`Gki R¯Ã nGqwQj| wek¼ gvbwPGò ‰KwU Õ¼vaxb I mveÆGfŒg ˆKD kwÚ-mvg^ÆÅnxb| mgiGKŒkj bv Rvbvi ˆ`vnvB w`Gq Zviv hy«¬GÞò
ivÓ¡Ç wnGmGe evsjvG`Gki c^ Pjvq cwøgv kvmKGMvÓ¤x QvovI evav ˆ^GK mGi ^vKGZ ˆPGqwQj| ZvGì `†p gGbvej wQj bv eGj AvkvI
nGq ùvwoGqwQj ‰G`kxq ivRvKvi ˆkÉwY| MYnZÅv, jyU, alÆY, ivLGZ cvGiwb|
Aw™²msGhvMmn bvbv N†YÅ KgÆKvGí kvwgj nq Zviv| wK¯§ ‰G`Gki DóxcGK ewYÆZ nGqGQ, evsjvG`Gki mvaviY RbMY ZrKvjxb cwøg
Õ¼vaxbZvi Rqhvòvq ˆKvGbvfvGeB Zviv evav nGq ùvovGZ cvGiwb| cvwKÕ¦vGbi kvmKGMvÓ¤xi wei‚G«¬ i‚GL ùvwoGqwQj| 1971 mvGj
‰G`Gki meÆÕ¦Gii gvbyGli mwÁÃwjZ cÉGPÓ¡vq ‰G`k Õ¼vaxb nGqGQ| ‰G`Gki meÆÕ¦Gii gvbyl mwÁÃwjZfvGe gywÚhyG«¬ Ask wbGqwQj| ZvB
K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KZwU Aâ iGqGQ? 1 ivRvKviGì nxb cÉGPÓ¡v ˆkl chÆ¯¦ evav nGq ùvovGZ cvGiwb|
L. NGmwU êMg ˆKb wmivGRi a»sm Kvgbv KGib? 2 kwÚkvjx nvbv`vi evwnbxi AvKÌgGY evsjvi jvGLv gvbylGK AvñZÅvM
KiGZ nGqGQ| ‰ ZÅvGMi wewbgGq Õ¼vaxb nGqGQ evsjvG`k|
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ivRvKvi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb
ˆKvb PwiòàGjvi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 evsjvG`Gki mvaviY RbMY ˆ`kvñGevGai ˆPZbvq ivRvKviGì
wei‚G«¬ ˆRGM DGVwQj eGjB 1971 mvGj ˆ`k Õ¼vaxb nGqGQ| 1757
N. “evsjvG`Gki mvaviY RbMY ivRvKviGì wei‚G«¬ ˆRGM
mvGji cjvwki hyG«¬ ivRvKviGì gGZvB N†YÅ f„wgKv cvjb KGiwQj
DVGjI wmivRDGóŒjvi cÉRviv wgiRvdiGì wei‚G«¬
wgiRvdGiiv| wK¯§ ZvGì cÉwZGivGa wmivRDGóŒjvi cÉRviv ˆRGM
ˆRGM IGVwb”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4
IGVwb| Zviv cÉvGYi fGq wcQy nGUwQj| Zviv mwÁÃwjwZfvGe i‚GL
71 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi ùvovGj nqGZv ZLb evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZv ÞzY² nGZv bv| ZvB DóxcK I
K ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK PviwU Aâ iGqGQ| AvGjvPÅ bvUGKi ˆcÉwÞGZ cÉGk²vÚ DwÚwUGK h^v^Æ ejv hvq|
êvWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cò I Dîi
2023 I 2019-2016
6. PëMÉvg êvWÆ 2023
mgq  2 N¥Ÿv 30 wgwbU m†Rbkxj cÉk² gvb  70
[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@ Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvMmnKvGi co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| ‘K’ I ‘L’ wefvM nGZ bƒÅbZg `ywU KGi
‰es ‘M’ I ‘N’ wefvM nGZ KgcGÞ ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| ‰KB cÉGk²i DîGi mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÉY `ƒlYxq|]
‘K’ wefvM @ M`Å K. myKv¯¦ fëvPvGhÆi KveÅMÉ¯© ‘Qvòcò’ KZ mvGj cÉKvwkZ? 1
1. jveYxi weGq| Zvi evev ejj, ‘ˆQGj cÞ ‰Z fvGjv ˆh, Zviv wKQyB Pvq bv| L. Kwe ˆKb ‰ ˆ`Gki eyGK AvVvGiv eQi eqwmGì bvwgGq AvbGZ Pvb? 2
wK¯§ Avgvi gb gvGb bv| ‰ZeGov evwoGZ ˆZvGK Lvwj nvGZ cvVvB Kx KGi! ZvB M. DóxcGKi iwdGKi gGaÅ AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi ˆKvb w`KwU Õ·Ó¡? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
fvewQ@ hZ BGjKUÇwbÝ jvGM, me ˆZvi mGã cvVve|’ jveYx `†p KG¥¤ ejj, ‘bv! N. ‘Zi‚Y gvGbB ˆ`kgvZ‡Kvi `ytmgGqi kwÚ|’@ g¯¦eÅwU DóxcK I KweZvi
Avgvi weGqUv `†Ó¡v¯¦ nGq ^vK, evev|’ AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
K. KjÅvYxi weGqi MnbvàGjv ˆKvb AvgGji? 1 7. iðvi m¯¦vbwU weGkl Pvwn`vmÁ·®² ‘AwUwÕ¡K’| Õ¼vgxi AvKwÕÃK g†ZzÅi ci ˆm
L. ‘ˆQvGUvGì mGã ˆm AbvqvGm ‰es AvbG±` ˆQvGUv nBqv wMqvwQj|’@ DwÚwUi MvGgÆ´Ÿm-‰ KvR ˆbq| iðvi gv ˆQGji ˆ`LvGkvbv KGi| nVvr ‰Kw`b iðvi
ZvrchÆ eYÆbv KGiv| 2 evK&kwÚnxb ˆQGjwU ˆKv^vI PGj hvq| cvMjcÉvq iðv mewKQy ˆQGo Zvi nvivGbv
M. DóxcGKi evev PwiGòi mGã ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i kÁ¿zbv^ ˆmGbi Zzjbv KGiv| 3 ˆQGjGK LuyGR PGjGQ|
N. DóxcGKi jveYx ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi mÁ·ƒYÆ cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi wK? ˆZvgvi K. mywdqv KvgvGji ŠcZ‡K wbevm ˆKv^vq? 1
gGZi cGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4 L. ‰ emG¯¦ Kwei cyÓ·mvR bv ^vKvi KviY Kx? 2
2. gnvgvwi ˆKvwfGWi mgq eveyGji evevi KviLvbv e®¬ nGq hvq| dGj eveyGji M. DóxcGKi mGã KweZvi fveMZ mv`†kÅ ZzGj aGiv| 3
ˆjLvcov cÉvq eG®¬i DcKÌg nq| ‰ mgq mncvVx ivbyi evev eveyjGK M†nwkÞK wnGmGe N. ‘wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ê`bv KweZv ‰es DóxcGK wf®²fvGe DcÕ©vwcZ|’@
wbGqvM ˆ`b| eveyj ˆhb nvd ˆQGo euvGP| wK¯§ ZvGì cvwievwiK kò‚i KvimvwRGZ ˆZvgvi gZ `vI| 4
wbGRi AvovGj wKQy ‰KUv NUGZ ^vGK| wKQyw`Gbi gGaÅB ˆm Ûi cvq@ Zvi cvov- ‘M’ wefvM @ mncvV [DcbÅvm: jvjmvjy]
cÉwZGekx ZvGK ‰woGq PjGQ| mevB eveyj ‰es ivbyGK RwoGq AccÉPvGi wek¼vmx| 8. AR cvovMuvGqi gmwRGì Bgvg gvIjvbv Aveyj Kvjvg wbGRi gyw` ˆ`vKvGbi
K. bÅvovi m®²vmxwMwi BÕ¦dvi KviY Kx? 1 mvgvbÅ DcvRÆGb ˆKvGbvfvGe msmvi LiP wbeÆvn KGib| Aæ MÉvgevmx AmyL-wemyGL
L. ‘AwZKvq nÕ¦x ˆjvc cvBqvGQ wK¯§ ˆZjvGcvKv wUwKqv AvGQ|’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 cÉvqkB Zvi KvGQ AvGm UvKvcqmvi wewbgGq cvwbcov I ZvweR-KeR ˆbIqvi RbÅ|
M. DóxcGKi cvwievwiK kò‚ ‘wejvmx’ MGÍ¸i LyovGK KxfvGe cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? AvGjvPbv wK¯§ gvIjvbv mvGne Zv bv KGi îvMxGì knGii WvÚvGii KvGQ cvwVGq ˆ`b| wZwb
KGiv| 3 MÉvgevmxGK wkÞv ˆ`b@ agÆ eÅvemvi welq bq, gvbylGK cÉZviYv ev wbcxoGbi RbÅ bq|
N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ mgvRwPòGK ‘wejvmx’ MGÍ¸i mgvRwPGòi `cÆY ejv hvq wK? hywÚmn K. gvQ aivi wWwãGZ KZRb grmÅ wkKvwi wQj? 1
gZ cÉKvk KGiv| 4 L. JcbÅvwmK gwRGì MÉvGg cÉGekGK bvUKxq eGjGQb ˆKb? 2
3. ‘c†wêxGZ ‰gb ˆKD ˆKD AvGQb M. DóxcGKi Bgvg mvGnGei mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì Av`kÆMZ
wg^Åvi mvG^ KGib bv Avcm cv^ÆKÅ wbYÆq KGiv| 3
ˆKv^vI ˆgwK ˆ`LGjB SGi N. DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iPwqZvi gvbmwP¯¦vGK aviY KGi wK?
ZvGì îvl ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ cÉ`kÆb KGiv| 4
ˆKD ˆKD eGj ‰Uv ZvGì ˆ`vl 9. D`qcyi MÉvGgi ˆgvoj mvGnGei f‡ZÅ Mdzi wgqvi m¯¦vb mvdGjÅi mGã wc‰mwm
AGbGKB ZvGì evnev w`Gq eGj cvk KGi| `ƒieZÆx MÉvGg m¯¦vbGK cvwVGq nvB Õ•zGj covGbvi mvg^ÆÅ ˆbB weavq Mdzi
AvGQ eGU mvnm|’ ˆgvoGji Avw^ÆK mvnvhÅ I civgkÆ Pvq| wK¯§ ˆgvoj Zvi m¯¦vbGK ˆjLvcovq
K. ‘KzGnwjKv’ KvRx bRi‚j BmjvGgi ˆKvb aiGbi iPbv? 1 wbi‚rmvwnZ KGi ‰es eGj MwiGei ˆjLvcov KGi Kx nGe? eis Avw^ÆK mœQjZvi RbÅ
L. ‘I iKg webGqi ˆPGq AnsKvGii ˆcŒi‚l AGbK-AGbK fvGjv|’@ cÉvew®¬GKi MdzGii m¯¦vbGK FGYi gvaÅGg AGUvwiÝv wKGb ˆÌqvi civgkÆ ˆ`q| f‡ZÅ Mdzi
‰ DwÚi KviY eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆgvoGji ‰B civgkÆ ˆgGb wbGZ evaÅ nq| dGj m¯¦vGbi ˆjLvcovi BwZ NGU|
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘wg^Åvi mvG^ KGib bv Avcm’ DwÚwU ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb K. gwRGì AvweÓ•‡Z wcGii bvg Kx? 1
welq BwãZ KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 L. ‘eÅvcviUv ˆNvov wWwOGq Nvm LvIqvi gGZv|’@ ˆKvb eÅvcviUv ‰es ˆKb? 2
N. “DóxcGK ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i gƒjfvGei AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwU M. DóxcGK ‘ˆgvoGji AGUvwiÝv wKGb ˆÌqvi civgkÆ’ ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
hvPvB KGiv| 4 ‘gwRGì gmwR` wbgÆvGYi cÉÕ¦ve’-‰i mv`†kÅ ZzGj aGiv| 3
4. e†îvKvGi ùvovGbv wgwjUvwii gvSLvGb nvZ-cv euvav KvjvgGK UvbGZ UvbGZ ‰Gb N. ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DóxcGKi mgvRevÕ¦eZvB ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm cÉwZdwjZ
ùvo KivGbv nGjv| KvjvGgi bvK-gyL ˆ^GK iÚ SiGQ| ZvGK wRGæm Kiv nGœQ, nGqGQ? g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4
gywÚevwnbx ˆKv^vq cvwjGq ˆMGQ? wZwb wVK KiGjb, wKQyB ejGeb bv| e±`yGKi bjUv ‘N’ wefvM @ mncvV [bvUK: wmivRDGóŒjv]
KcvGji wVK gvSLvbUvq aiv nGjv| wZwb ejGjb, ‘Avgvi gGZv mvaviY KvjvGgi 10. ˆMvjKP±`Ê emy I Zuvi ivBqZ mvayPiGYi Avjvc-PvwiZvq dzGU IGV BsGiR
g†ZzÅGZ wKQy ‰Gm hvq bv| wK¯§ gywÚGdŒRGì RxeGbi `vg AvGQ| gywÚGdŒR bv euvPGj KZ‡ÆK mvaviY PvwlGì bxj PvGl evaÅ Kiv, bxj PvGl AÕ¼xK‡wZ RvbvGj ˆRj-Ryjyg,
ˆZvgvGì gviGe ˆK?’ àwjUv Kcvj ˆf` KGi êwiGq hvq| wbixn êŒ-wSi mÁÀgnvwb cÉf‡wZ Š`bw±`b KgÆKvGíi Ask| cÉRv cxoGbi wei‚G«¬
K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ BmnvK ˆK? 1 i‚GL ùvovGbvi RbÅ ˆMvjK emyi cyò bexb gvae cÉwZev`x nGq IGV ‰es bxjKi
L. ‘ivwkqvq wQj ˆRbvGij DBbUvi, AvgvGì ˆRbvGij gbmyb|’@ DwÚwU mvGneGì wei‚G«¬ gvgjv KGi| ‰Kevi ‰K bxjKiGK evGM ˆcGqI PvwiwòK
weGkÏlY KGiv| 2 J`vGhÆi KviGY ˆmB bxjKiGK KwVb kvwÕ¦ bv w`Gq ˆQGo ˆ`q| A^P cieZÆxGZ
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ wgwjUvwii wbcxoGbi `†kÅwU ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i mGã Zzjbv KGiv| 3 ˆmB bxjKiGì jvwVqvj evwnbxi wbgÆg cÉnvGi bexb gvae g†ZzÅeiY KGi|
N. “DóxcGKi Kvjvg I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`vi gGZv mvaviY eÅwÚivB AvgvGì K. ‘Avgiv ‰gb wKQy Kijvg hv BwZnvm nGe|’@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1
gywÚhyG«¬i AbÅZg ˆcÉiYv|”@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4 L. ‘ÌjZ Avgvi KvGQ fMevGbi `v`v gkvGqi ˆPGqI eGov|’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcGKi bxjKiGì AZÅvPvGii mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi w«¼Zxq AGâ
‘L’ wefvM @ KweZv ewYÆZ BsGiRGì AZÅvPvGii Zzjbv KGiv| 3
5. gGnkP±`Ê fëvPvhÆ wQGjb evOvwj ˆnvwgIcÅvw^K Ilya eÅemvqx, mgvRGmeK I N. ‘AeÕ©vbMZ wf®²Zv cwijwÞZ nGjI bexb gvae ‰es wmivRDGóŒjvi Rxeb
`vbkxj eÅwÚZ½| wbGRi HKvw¯¦K ˆPÓ¡vq wecyj abmÁ·Gì AwaKvix nb| wK¯§ wbGR ‰KB mƒGò Muv^v|’@ gZvgZmn ˆZvgvi AeÕ©vb ZzGj aGiv| 4
K‡œQ mvab KGi RbwnZKi KvGR wjµ¦ nb| wZwb wkÞv weÕ¦vGii RbÅ Ûvj, cvVkvjv, 11. ‘hvi A¯¦Gi eGq hvq ˆ`kGcÉg
MÉ¯©vMvi, ˆnvGÕ¡j, bvix wkÞvi RbÅ we`Åv wbGKZb, Qvòxwbevm ‰es `wiG`Ëi RbÅ ˆKvb AmÁÃvb ZvGK cvGi bv QuyGZ
AvkÉg, agÆkvjv cÉwZÓ¤v KGib| wZwb AvRI mKGji KvGQ ÕÃiYxq nGq AvGQb| kZ Kjâ îLv w`Gj ÛGb
K. ‘ˆmvbvi Zix’ KweZvq ˆKvb gvGmi DGÍÏL iGqGQ? 1 KvGji c†Ó¤v ZvGK LuvwU KGi ˆnGg
L. ‘Pviw`GK euvKv Rj KwiGQ ˆLjv\’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 cÉR¯Ã ˆ^GK cÉR¯Ãv¯¦Gi
M. DóxcGKi gGnkP±`Ê fëvPvGhÆi eÅwÚ RxeGbi gaÅ w`Gq ‘ˆmvbvi Zix’ KweZvi wZwb êuGP ^vGKb A¯¦Gi|’
ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 K. wmivGRi k¼÷Gii bvg Kx? 1
N. ‘gvbyl euvGP KGgÆi gGaÅ|’@ DóxcK I ‘ˆmvbvi Zix’ KweZvi AvGjvGK DwÚwUi L. ‘Zvi beve nIqvUvB Avgvi gÕ¦ ÞwZ|’@ NGmwU êMGgi ‰ DwÚi KviY Kx? 2
h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGKi ˆ`kGcÉg ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi gGaÅ êwk Õ·Ó¡?
6. iwdK gvGPÆi Dîvj mgGq XvKv ˆQGo MÉvGgi evwoGZ PGj AvGm| MÉvGg ‰Gm eYÆbv KGiv| 3
ˆm mgeqwmGì mGã AvGjvPbv KGi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq ˆh, Zviv hyG«¬i ÛÇwbs wbGZ N. cwiYwZ wePvGi DóxcK I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUKGK ‰KB mƒGò euvav hvq wK?
fviGZ hvGe| cwievGii DGóGkÅ wPiKzU wjGL mevB ivGZi AuvavGi Ni QvGo| hywÚ cÉ`kÆb KGiv| 4
evsjv (AvewkÅK) cÉ^g cò welq ˆKvW: 1 0 1
mgq  30 wgwbU eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv gvb  30
[weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ: mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmg…n nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU () ejcGq´Ÿ
Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU KGiv| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1|]
1. ‘ˆmvbvi Zix’ KweZvi ˆmvbvi avb AvmGj Kx? 11. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cÉ^g AGâi cÉ^g `†GkÅi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K ˆbŒKv L m†wÓ¡KgÆ Õ©vb ˆKv^vq? K i I ii L i I iii
M mÁ·` N gnvKvj K ˆdvU DBwjqg `yMÆ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
2. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ mim imbvi àY AvGQ Kvi? L ˆdvU DBwjqvg RvnvR 21. DóxcGK ˆmbv m`mÅGì AvPiY ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
K AcwiwPZvi L AbycGgi M NGmwU êMGgi evwo bvUGKi wgiRvdGii ˆKvb ŠewkGÓ¡Åi mGã
M nwiGki N weby`v`vi N bevGei ìevi msMwZcƒYÆ?
3. ‘Þziaviv’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 12. gvwm-wcwmi gGaÅ HKvw¯¦K fve ^vKvi KviY Kx? K wek¼vmNvZKZv L ivÓ¡ÇG`ËvwnZv
K ÞzGii gGZv PKPGK K ZvGì wP¯¦v-fvebv ‰K M ivRvbyMZ N cÉRv wbcxob
L Þzi «¼viv KvUv L ZvGì Õ¼fve ‰KB cÉK‡wZi 22. RmxgD`&`xbGK ˆKvb wek¼we`Åvjq wW-wjU wWwMÉ
M ÞzGii gGZv avivGjv M ZvGì eqm I AeÕ©v ‰K cÉ`vb KGi?
N ÞzGii avi N ZvGì ˆPnviv ‰K K KjKvZv wek¼we`Åvjq
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 4 I 5 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi 13. ‘fimv nGjv, Avi `gvGZ cviGe bv’ ‘evqv®²i L w`wÍÏ wek¼we`Åvjq
`vI: w`bàGjv’ iPbvq ˆK `gvGZ cviGe bv? M XvKv wek¼we`Åvjq
bvwMÆm weG`Gk M†nKgÆxi KvR KGi| weG`Gk KvR K Kviv KZÆ‡cÞ L cywjk evwnbx N iex±`ÊfviZx wek¼we`Åvjq
Kivi welqwU Zvi ‰jvKvi gvbyl cQ±` KGi bv| wZb M cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆkvlK N evOvwj kvmK 23. ‘cÉwZ`vb’ KweZvq Kwe Kvi RbÅ `xNj iRbx ˆRGM
eQi ci bvwMÆm evwo wdGi ‰Gj MÉvgevmx Zvi bvGg 14. cÉGdmi AvKei mvwR`GK wcÉw´Öcvj AvRKvj ^vGKb?
wePvi emvq ‰es ZvGK MÉvgQvov Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq| ˆZvqvØv KGi ˆKb? K KweGK ci KGi ˆh
bvwMÆm cÉwZev`x KG¥¤ eGj ‘AmyÕ© gvGK îGL wKQyGZB K wkwÞZ gvbyl eGj
L Kwei Nyg niY KGi ˆh
Avwg ˆKv^vI hve bv|’ L wgwjUvwiGì mGã AuvZuvZ ^vKvq
M Kwei Ni fvGO ˆh
4. DóxcGKi mGã ‘wejvmx’ MGÍ¸i ˆh welGqi mv`†kÅ M fvGjv D`yÆ ejGZ cvGi eGj
N Kwei eyGK AvNvZ KGi ˆh
iGqGQ@ N wgmwKÌqv´ŸGì mnPi eGj
24. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq Kvi ˆPvGL AvGjvwPZ
i. bvixi cÉwZ wbhÆvZb 15. îBbGKvU LyGj ˆdjGjI byi‚j ü`vi kixGi
XvKv?
ii. KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² mgvR îBbGKvGUi Kx Abyf„Z nq?
K mvjvg L iwdK
iii. MÉvgxY wePvieÅeÕ©v K Ig L M®¬
M eiKZ N Re»vi
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? M kxZjZv N Õ·kÆ
25. ‘Kjgv Rvbm& bv eÅvUv?’ DwÚwU Kvi?
K i I ii L ii I iii 16. ‘Avwg gv^v ˆnU Kwiqv Pzc Kwiqv iwnjvg|’@
K gwR` L LvGjK eÅvcvix
M i I iii N i, ii I iii DwÚwU ˆ^GK êvSv hvq Abycg@
M AvØvm N `y`y wgTv
5. DóxcGKi welqwU weGePbvq bvwMÆm I wejvmx DfGq i. ˆgi‚`ínxb
26. ˆh KweZv ÷bGZ RvGb bv ˆm gvGqi ˆKvGj ÷Gq
ˆKgb cÉK‡wZi bvix? ii. weGeKGevanxb
Kx ÷bGZ cvGi bv?
K cÉwZev`nxb L cÉwZev`x iii. eÅwÚZ½nxb
K Mvb L KweZv
M AvñGKw±`ÊK N KzmsÕ•vi c¯©x wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
M Qov N MÍ¸
6. gwR` ˆKÌvGa ˆKgb KGi? K i I ii L ii I iii
K wPrKvi L jvdvjvwd M i I iii N i, ii I iii
27. gwRGì mvsNvwZK KvR nGjv@
17. ‘Avwg ˆZv ˆZvgviI Ave»v’ eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi i. wg^Åv KeiGK gvRvi evbvGbv
M ˆMuv-ˆMuv N ˆduvm-ˆduvm
7. ‘gnGî½i Kvwnwb AvgvGì AGbK AvGQ’@ ‘wejvmx’ ingvb ‰ K^vwU Kvi DGóGkÅ eGjb? ii. ˆKvGbvgGZ ˆLGq cGo êuGP ^vKv
MGÍ¸ ‘gnî½’ kõwU Kx AG^Æ eÅen†Z nGqGQ? K nvwmbvi L învbvi iii. aGgÆi bvGg wbGRi AvGLi ˆMvQvGbv
K eÅvãvG^Æ L cÉksmvG^Æ M RvgvGji N KvgvGji wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?

M ˆÞvfvG^Æ N wb±`vG^Æ 18. hvi wbGRi aGgÆ wek¼vm AvGQ ˆm KLGbv AbÅ agÆGK K i I ii L i I iii
8. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆKvb agÆ cvjGbi cÉwZ ài‚Z½ Kx KiGZ cvGi bv? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ˆÌqv nGqGQ? K mÁÃvb L wZiÕ•vi 28. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ‘eävZ ˆnvK, LyGb ˆnvK RvgvB
K Bmjvg agÆ L gvbe agÆ M N†Yv N kÉ«¬v ˆZv|’@ evKÅwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@
M êŒ«¬ agÆ N mbvZb agÆ 19. ‘gg ‰K nvGZ euvKv euvGki euvkix Avi nvGZ iY- K RvgvBcÉxwZ L msÕ•vi wcÉqZv
9. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MÍ¸wU ˆKvb cwòKvq cÉ^g cÉKvwkZ Z„hÆ|’@ K^vwUi «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? M mvgvwRKixwZ N cÉ^vbyMZÅ
nGqwQj? K fvGjvevmv I N†Yv L fvGjv I g±` 29. ‘Zzwg Aag ZvB ewjqv Avwg Dîg nBe bv ˆKb?’@
K cƒeÆvkv L w`bKvj M bZzb I cyGivGbv N ˆcÉg I weG`Ëvn K^vwU Kvi?
M meyR cò N mIMvZ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 20 I 21 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K méxeP±`Ê PGëvcvaÅvq
10. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwUi jÞYxq ŠewkÓ¡Å ‘Õ¼vaxbZvi gnvbvqK RvwZi wcZv eãe®¬y ˆkL L kirP±`Ê PGëvcvaÅvq
nGjv@ gywReyi ingvbGK ‰G`Gki wKQy wec^Mvgx ˆmbv m`mÅ M iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi
i. A¯¦Åwgj cÉeYZv wbgÆgfvGe nZÅv KGi|’ N ewâgP±`Ê PGëvcvaÅvq
ii. msjvcawgÆZv 20. DóxcGKi RvwZi wcZvi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ 30. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ‘Õ·aÆvq ˆbq gv^v
iii. bvUKxqZv bvUGKi wmivR PwiGòi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ ŠewkÓ¡Å@ ˆZvjevi SzuwK|’@ PiYwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? i. ˆ`kGcÉg Zi‚YGì@
K i I ii L ii I iii ii. D`viZv K AvñwbfÆiZv L `†pZv
M i I iii N i, ii I iii iii. wek¼vmNvZKZv M Õ¼vejwÁ¼Zv N AvñÁ¿wiZv
1 L 2 M 3 M 4 K 5 L 6 M 7 K 8 L 9 K 10 L 11 K 12 M 13 M 14 M 15 K
Dîi
16 M 17 N 18 M 19 N 20 K 21 K 22 M 23 L 24 K 25 L 26 N 27 L 28 N 29 N 30 K
19. XvKv êvWÆ 2019

[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@ Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM mnKvGi co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| K I L wefvM nGZ bƒÅbZg `ywU KGi
‰es M I N wefvM nGZ KgcGÞ ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe|]
K wefvM  M`Å M. DóxcGK ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi welqeÕ§ wf®² AvwãGK DcÕ©vwcZ
1. wbGRGK Rvbv AZÅ¯¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ welq| mGKÌwUm eGjGQb, ‘wbGRGK RvGbv|’ ‰ K^v nGqGQ|@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 3
mKGjB RvGb ˆh, AvGñvcjwº¬i gaÅ w`Gq wbwgÆZ nq eÅwÚZ½Geva| Avi cÉej BœQvkwÚB N. “DóxcGKi iðv Avi ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi Kwei KÓ¡ ‰KmƒGò Muv^v”@
civaxbZvi Rvj ˆ^GK êi KGi wbGRGK cÉwZwÓ¤Z KiGZ mvnvhÅ KGi| myZivs, BœQvkwÚ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
I mZÅ c^GK aviY KGi Õ¼vaxbfvGe êuGP ^vKvi RbÅ wbGRGK cÉÕ§Z KiGZ nGe| 7. îÌqvb Zi‚Y cÉwZfvevb Kwe-mvwnwZÅK wnGmGe êk LÅvwZ ARÆb KGiGQ| hwÌ
K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLK KvGK mvjvg RvwbGqGQb? 1 Avw^ÆK AbUGbi gaÅ w`Gq ˆm Rxeb-hvcb KiGQ, Zey ˆm KLbI wbGRGK `wi`Ë gGb
L. “hvi ˆfZGi fq, ˆmB evBGi fq cvq|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 KGi bv| ˆKbbv ˆm RvGb, Zvi wP¯¦v-ˆPZbvi ivGRÅ ˆm wbGRB mgËvU| Avcb ˆPZbvGjvGK
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwU mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ˆm jvjb KGi wf®² ‰K c†wêx; ˆhLvGb i…c-ˆmŒ±`hÆ I gvayGhÆ ˆm nq Awff„Z| Avi ˆmB
N. DóxcGKi ‘wbGRGK RvGbv’ ‰B K^vwU ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i gƒj welqeÕ§GK i…c-ˆmŒ±`hÆ ‰es gvayGhÆB Zi‚Y Kwe îÌqvb m†wÓ¡ KGi Zvi cÉwZwU KweZv|
wbG`Æk KGi wKbv Zv wbGRi fvlvq ZzGj aGiv| 4 K. ebPvix evZvGmi ZvGj Kx ˆ`vGj? 1
2.MvGQi ‰KwU kmv Pzwii AcivGa `wi`Ë evjK dRjGK wb`ÆqfvGe cÉnvi KGib abx L. Kwei ˆPZbvi gwY Dä¾j nGq IGV ˆKb? 2
M†nÕ© ˆKvev` Avjx| evjKwU AvZÆbv` KGi eGj Avi ˆm KLbI wKQy Pzwi KiGe bv| M. DóxcGK ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
NUbvwU ˆ`GL gby gvÕ¡vGii cÉvY ˆKuG` IGV| `wi`Ë evjK Þzavi R¾vjvq Pzwi KGiGQ| N. “DóxcKwUGZ ˆh welqwU dzGU DGVGQ Zv ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi mvweÆK welq
bMYÅ ‰KwU AcivGa ‰gb AgvbweK kvwÕ¦! A^P AbÅvqfvGe KZ gvbyGli Rwg `Lj bq”@ hywÚcƒYÆ gZvgZ w`Gq eywSGq `vI| 4
KGi abx nGqGQb ˆKvev` Avjx| gb Lvivc nGjI Pzwii cÞ wbGq K^v ejvi AeKvk M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
cvb bv gby gvÕ¡vi| 8. ˆgGni Avjx imyjcyi MÉvGgi ‰KRb weîevb ˆjvK| cÉwZcwîi gvwjK nIqvi RbÅ
K. IqvUvijy hy«¬ KZ mvGj msNwUZ nq? 1 MÉvGgi mKGj ZvGK êk mÁÃvb KGi| Aciw`GK, ˆgGni Avjx mÁÃvGbi ˆPvGL ˆ`GL
L. “mgvGRi abe†w«¬i A^Æ abxi abe†w«¬|”@ DwÚwU mcÉmã eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ZviB MÉvGg emevmiZ ˆmvjvqgvb AvjxGK| Zvi Ici ˆgGni Avjxi AMva wek¼vm| ZvB
M. DóxcGKi dRj PwiGòi mvG^ ‘weovj’ iPbvi weovj PwiGòi mv`†kÅ I ˆmvjvqgvb Avjx ˆgŒwLKfvGe ˆh wbG`ÆkbvB ˆ`b ˆgGni Avjx Zv evÕ¦evqb KiGZ
Šemv`†kÅ ZzGj aGiv| 3 Kz¥¤vGeva KGi bv| ‰Kw`b ˆmvjvqgvb Avjx ˆgGni AvjxGK ejGjb, “ˆgGni, ˆZvgvi Õ¨x
N. “DóxcGKi gby gvÕ¡vGii AmnvqZ½B cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ KgjvKvG¯¦i K^v I msmvGi A÷f kwÚi Qvqvi…Gc weivR KiGQ| ZvGK Zzwg AwejGÁ¼ ZvjvK `vI|” ‰gb
AvPiGY”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 wbG`Ækbv ˆcGq KvjwejÁ¼ bv KGi Õ¨xGK ZvjvK ˆ`q ˆgGni Avjx|
3. Kwjgwó `dv`vGii êvWÆ Awdm kxZjÞÅvi ZxGii evRvGi| b`xi ‰cvGi- K. ˆK cÞvNvGZ AvKÌv¯¦? 1
IcvGi êk wKQy eo eo Kj-KviLvbv| ‰àGjv kvmGbi myweavG^Æ ‰K`j Lvb ˆmbv L. “Rwgjv ˆhb VuvUvcov gvbyGli gGZv nGq ˆMGQ”@ evKÅwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
evRvimsj™² nvB Õ•zjwUGK QvDwb KGi wbGqGQ| ˆKvGbv ˆKvGbv ivGò àwjwewbgq M. DóxcGKi ˆgGni Avjx ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉZxK enb KGi?
nq| ˆKv^v nGZ ˆKvb cG^ ˆKgb KGi gywÚGdŒR AvGm, AvKÌgY KGi ‰es cÉwZ hywÚmnKvGi AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
AvKÌgY KiGj ˆKv^vq nvIqv nGq hvq, Lvb ˆmbviv Zvi inmÅ ˆf` KiGZ cvGi bv| N. “DóxcGK ˆgGni Avjxi Õ¨xi Rxeb ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvGgbv wewei
K. ‘elÆvKvGjB ˆZv Ryr’@ K^vwU ˆK eGjwQj? 1 RxeGbi cwiYwZ ‰KB”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
L. “ivwkqvq wQj ˆRbvGij DB´Ÿvi, AvgvGì ˆRbvGij gbmyb”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcKwUi ˆklvsGki eÚeÅ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb welqwU wbG`Æk KGi?
9.  mvjvgZcyi MÉvGgi êwkifvM gvbylB wbiÞi, KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² I agÆv®¬| MÉvGg evm
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 KGi ‰K wkwÞZ hyeK bvg Zvi Kvgvj| ˆm wek¼we`Åvjq ˆ^GK ‰g. ‰ wWwMÉ jvf KGi
N. “DóxcKwUGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i AvswkK eÚeÅ cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ|”@ ˆZvgvi MÉvGg wdGi ‰GmGQ MÉvGgi D®²qb Kivi RbÅ| MÉvGgi gvbylGK mywkÞvq wkwÞZ Kivi
gZvgZmn AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 jGÞÅ MÉvGg ˆm ‰KwU Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ Pvq| ˆm DGóGkÅ MÉvGgi ˆjvKRbGK ˆWGK
4. mvjvg I mvjgvi msmvGi mœQjZv wKsev wejvwmZv bv ^vKGjI kvw¯¦ ‰es mfv Avn»vb KiGj MÉvGgi cÉfvekvjx eÅwÚ ev`j gvZe»i KvgvGji Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi
cwieGZÆ gÚe Movi cGÞ gZvgZ ˆ`b| Kvgvj ‰i cÉwZev` KiGj KvgvjGK ev`j
fvGjvevmvi Afve wQj bv| wK¯§ ˆjvGf cGo evowZ cvIqvi Avkvq `ybÆxwZi `vGq
gvZe»i Zvi mvGãvcvãGì mnGhvwMZvq myGKŒkGj MÉvg QvoGZ evaÅ KGib|
Awdm mnKvixi PvKwiUv nvivq mvjvg| ZvGì msmvGi evmv euvGa Pig `vwi`ËÅ Avi
nZvkv| AMZÅv mvjvGgi Õ¨x mvjgv AGbÅi evwoGZ wSGqi KvR ˆbq| mKvj-m®¬Åvq K. MvGiv cvnvo gaycyiMo ˆ^GK KZ w`Gbi c^? 1
eYÆbvZxZ cwikÉg KGi KÑv¯¦ nGq NGi ˆdGi ˆm| mvjgvi KÑv¯¦ I gwjb ˆPnviv ˆ`GL L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
mvjvg gGb gGb Lye KÓ¡ cvq| A^P gyL dzGU ˆm K^v ejGZ cvGi bv ˆm| KviY ˆm M. DóxcGKi KvgvGji mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi ˆh mv`†kÅ iGqGQ, Zv
fvGjv KGiB RvGb ˆh, ‰B KGÓ¡i RbÅ ˆm wbGRB `vqx| wbGRi fvlvq eYÆbv KGiv| 3
K. e±`yK wKbGZ gwmuGq KZ dÌuv mçq KGiwQj? 1 N. “DóxcGKi welqeÕ§ ‘jvjmvjy ’ DcbÅvGmi LíwPò gvò, mvgwMÉ K wPò bq”@
L. “‰ iKg Rxeb `k eQi aGi Pjj”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGKi mvjgvi mvG^ ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi wgj iGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
N. DóxcK I ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i welqeÕ§ ‰KmƒGò Muv^v@ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 10. wgRÆv RwniDwób gynvÁÃ` evei wQGjb fviGZi gyNj mvgËvGRÅi cÉwZÓ¤vZv| Zuvi
L wefvM  KweZv g†ZzÅi ci eo ˆQGj ügvqyb AÍ¸ eqGm wmsnvmGb AvGivnb KGib| `ytGLi welq ‰B ˆh,
5. “kvevk evsjvG`k wmsnvmGb AvGivnGYi ciB bvbvgyLx loh¯¨ ÷i‚ nq| Z^vwc mvnwmKZvi mvG^ Zi‚Y
‰ c†wêx AevK ZvwKGq iq ügvqyb Zuvi kvmbKvhÆ PvwjGq hvb| ügvqyb Zuvi AbÅvbÅ fvBmn Avñxq-Õ¼RbGì KvQ
R¾Gj cyGo gGi QviLvi ˆ^GK AmnGhvwMZv cvIqv mGî½I kÚ nvGZ mewKQy aGi ivLGZ mÞg nb|
Zey gv^v ˆbvqvevi bq|” K. ievUÆ KÑvBf KvGK ˆmiv wek¼vmNvZK eGjGQb? 1
K. ‘nwir DcZÅKv’ A^Æ Kx? 1 L. “KZ eo kwÚ, Zey KZ ZzœQ|”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
L. “mvjvGgi gyGL AvR Zi‚Y kÅvgj cƒeÆ evsjv”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 M. DóxcGKi ügvqyGbi wmsnvmGb AvGivnY ‰es beve wmivRDGóŒjvi wmsnvmGb
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvi ˆKvb AsGki mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? AvGivnGYi mv`†kÅ ZzGj aGiv| 3
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 N. “AvswkK mv`†kÅ ^vKGjI ügvqyb I wmivRDGóŒjvi cwiYwZ ‰K bq”@
N. “DóxcKwU ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvi ggÆevYxGK cyGivcywi aviY KGi bv”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
g¯¦eÅwU wbGRi fvlvq eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 11. “ewMÆ ‰j LvRbv wbGZ nvbv`vGii mGã ˆRvGi
6. iðv ‰es iZGbi `vÁ·ZÅ Rxeb êk myGL-kvw¯¦GZB KvUwQj| wK¯§ webv ˆgGN gvij gvbyl KZ| jGo gywÚ ˆmbv,
eRÊcvGZi bÅvq giYeÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ nGq g†ZzÅeiY Kij iZb| KvGji weeZÆGb Rxeb cyoj kni, cyoj kÅvgj ZvGì K^v ˆ`Gki gvbyl
bvGgi ‰KRb fvGjv gvbyGli mvG^ iðvi cybivq weGq nGjI cÉ^g Õ¼vgxi ÕÃ†wZ ‰KgynƒGZÆi MÉvg ˆh kZ kZ| KLGbv fzjGe bv|”
RGbÅI fzjGZ cvGiwb ˆm| ˆKbbv, cÉ^g Õ¼vgx wQj Zvi mKj KvGRi mnGhvMx I K. wmivRDGóŒjvi nZÅvKvixi bvg Kx? 1
ˆcÉiYv`vZv| cÉwZ emG¯¦ iðv ZvB cÉ^g Õ¼vgxi K^v weGklfvGe ÕÃiY KGi bxiGe KuvG`| L. “Avgiv ‰gb wKQy Kijvg hv BwZnvm nGe|”@ DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ weGkÏlY KGiv| 2
KviY, Zvi fvGjvevmvi gvbylwU em¯¦KvGji cƒeÆjG™²B ZvGK ˆQGo wPi we`vq wbGqGQ| M. DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb w`KwUGK wbG`Æk KGi? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
K. “Kwnj ˆm wÕ²™¬ AuvwL Zzwj”@ Kvi K^v ejv nGqGQ? 1 N. “DóxcGKi gywÚGmbv ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wmivRDGóŒjv ‰KB mƒGò
L. “cyÓ·kƒbÅ w`MG¯¦i cG^”@ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 Muv^v|”@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv cÉgvY KGiv| 4
1. ˆMvcb I bxie mvabv Kvi gGaÅ AwfeÅÚ? 11. DóxcGK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb fvewU Õ·Ó¡ nGq 21. Rvwgj mvGne ivqnvbGK ivÕ¦v ˆ^GK KzwoGq ‰Gb
K e†GÞ L b`xGZ DGVGQ? jvjb-cvjb KGib| ˆjLvcov ˆkLvb| Rvwgj
M gvbyGl N dzGj K gvbyGl gvbyGl mgZv L gvbe n†`Gqi ài‚Z½ mvGne wbGRi m¯¦vGbi gGZvB ZvGK fvGjvevmGZb|
2. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ bRi‚Gji gGZ civejÁ¼b M gvbyGli agÆfxi‚Zv N gvbeZvi RqMvb wK¯§ Rvwgj mvGne gviv hvIqvi ci ivqnvb mÁ·wîi
AvgvGì Kx KGi ZzGjGQ? 12. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq m®¬Åvi ˆjvGf Rvwgj mvGnGei ˆQGjGK nZÅv KGi|
i. wbwÓ˜q ii. wejvmx evZvGm Kx DGo hvq? DóxcGKi ivqnvb wbGPi ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^
iii. `vm Zzjbxq?
K KvK L wPj
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? M my`kÆb N kvwjK K ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM L wgi Rvdi
K i I ii L i I iii M ˆgvnb jvj N wgib
13. “ˆn Kwe, bxie ˆKb dvàb ˆh ‰GmGQ aivq”@ ‰
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 22. “Avgvi bvwjk AvR Avgvi wbGRi wei‚G«¬”
PiYwUGZ ‘bxie ˆKb’ ejGZ Kwei ˆKgb AeÕ©v
3. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi wmivGRi ‰B DwÚi KviY, wZwb@
ingvb KvGK Zuvi mnKgÆxGì Lei w`GZ ejGjb? êvSvq?
K Rxeb mÁ·GKÆ D`vmxbZv K hy«¬we`Åvq A`Þ
K PvGqi ˆ`vKvGbi gvwjK
L NywgGq ^vKv L kvmb cwiPvjbvi AGhÅvMÅ
L ˆbŒKvi gvwS
M KveÅ I Mvb iPbvq mwKÌq bv nIqv M cÉRvmvaviGYi wbivcîv weavb KiGZ cvGibwb
M Mvwoi WÈvBfvi N gwnDóxb
N kxGZi Pvì gywo w`Gq ^vKv N BsGiRGì ˆgvKvGejv KiGZ cvGibwb
4. jyÅf Rv`yNiwU ˆKv^vq AewÕ©Z?
14. evsjvG`Gki gywÚhy«¬KvGj wòk jÞ gvbyl kwn` 23. gne»ZbMGi AvMgGbi cƒGeÆ gwR` ˆKv^vq wQj?
K dÌv´Ö L wgki
nGqGQb ‰es mÁÀg nvwiGqGQb AmsLÅ gv-êvb|@ K AvIqvjcyGi L MvGiv cvnvGo
M BsjÅv´£ N AvGgwiKv
M ˆbvqvLvjxGZ N KwigMGé
5. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ îBbGKvUwU KxGmi cÉZxK? DóxcKwUi eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq ewYÆZ
i. cÉwZwnsmvi ii. ˆ`kGcÉGgi ˆKvbwU mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 24. ˆfZGi ˆKÌvGai Avàb R¾jGQ evBGi hZ Vvív ^vKzK
iii. gywÚhyG«¬i i. jÞ jÞ gvbyGli cãy-weK‡Z nIqv
bv ˆKb@ Kvi ˆfZGi ˆKÌvGai Avàb R¾jGQ?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K AvØvGmi L LvGjK eÅvcvixi
ii. UÇqbMix wea»Õ¦ nIqv
K i I ii L i I iii M gwRGì
iii. dmGji gvGV Avàb R¾jv
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N ZvGni-KvG`Gii evGci
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
6. ˆMvqvjvi my±ìx KbÅv ivGeqv Õ¼vgxi AmœQjZvi K i L ii
25. “RbMGY hviv ˆRuvKmg ˆkvGl, gnvRb ZvGi
KviGY AZÅ¯¦ Am¯§Ó¡|@ DóxcGKi ivGeqvi mvG^ M iii N i, ii I iii
Kq|”@ DóxcGK ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm
wbGPi ˆKvb PwiGòi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? 15. “AvgvGì Zi‚YivB ˆ`k I RvwZi PvwjKvkwÚ nGq gnvRbGì ŠewkÓ¡Å Kx?
K KjÅvYx L gv`vg ˆjvBGmj i. ˆkvlK ii. Õ¼v^Æci
ùvovK|”@ ‰ cÉZÅvkvi cÉwZdjb ‘AvVvGiv eQi
M gv`vg ˆdviwÕ¡qvi N Rwgib iii. gvbeZvweGivax
eqm’ KweZvi ˆKvb PiYwUGZ NGUGQ?
7. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MÍ¸wUGZ ˆjLK hv ˆPGqGQb@ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K AvVvGiv eQi eqm RvGb bv Kuv`v|
K cwiGek I c†wêx mÁ·GKÆ gvbyGli mGPZbZv K i I ii L ii I iii
L ‰ eqm KuvGc ê`bvq ^Giv^Giv|
L gvbyGli wbeyÆw«¬ZvGK ZzGj aiv M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M ‰ eqm Zey bZzb wKQy ˆZv KGi
M gvbyGli ˆkÉÓ¤Z½ eYÆbv Kiv 26. ˆbGcvwjqb ˆKvb «¼xGc g†ZzÅeiY KGib?
N ‰ ˆ`Gki eyGK AvVvGiv AvmyK ˆbGg|
N gvbyGli Ici AbÅ cÉvYxi cÉvavbÅ ˆ`qv K IGqwjsUb L IqvUvijy
16. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969 KweZvq K‡úP„ov dzjGK Kwei
8. “nvq ZvZ! DwPZ Kx Ze ‰ KvR?”@ ˆgNbvGì M ˆm´ŸGnGjbv N Av±`vgvb
‰B DwÚi gaÅ w`Gq wefxlGYi ˆKvb KvRwU cQ±` KvGQ ˆKgb gGb nq?
27. “wZwb ˆKvGbvgGZB KvGiv KvGQ VwKGeb bv|”@
nqwb? K iGÚ iwéZ eYÆgvjv
‘wZwb’ ejGZ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KvGK êvSvGbv
K jßYGK hævMvGi cÉGeGk mvnvhÅ Kiv L iGÚ iwéZ Rvgv
nGqGQ?
L övZzÓ·yòGK nZÅvq mnvqZv Kiv M cZvKvi jvj is
K gvgv L kÁ¿zbv^
M gvZ‡ Avæv cvjb bv Kiv N kwnGì SjwKZ iGÚ ey«¼y`
M nwik N Abycg
N gvZ‡f„wgi RbÅ hy«¬ bv Kiv 17. Zvi cxGV iÚ Revi gGZv ÞZ wQj@ ‰ PiYwUGZ 28. ‰K mgq Kviv AmfÅ eeÆi wQj?
9. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi cÉ^g PiY ˆKvbwU? Kvi cxGVi ÞZGK wbG`Æk Kiv nGqGQ? K evOvwj L fviZevmx
K ˆMGjI wewPò cG^ nq bvB ˆm meÆòMvgx K Kwei cƒeÆcyi‚Gli L evsjvi K‡lKGì M abvXÅ eÅwÚ N Pvlv
L KvGQ ˆ^GK `ƒGii hviv ZvnvGì evYx ˆhb ÷wb M gywÚGhv«¬vGì N Kwei wcZvi 29. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ eYÆbvKvixi RbÅ eywoi PvUvB êvbvi
M ˆm Kwei evYx-jvwM Kvb ˆcGZ AvwQ 18. ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvq eYÆbv KviY Kx?
N wecyjv ‰ c†wêxi KZUzKz Rvwb Kiv nGqGQ@ K eYÆbvKvix ˆLRyGii PvUvB cQ±` KGib
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 10 I 11 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K ‰KRb msMÉvgx gvbyGli Rxeb L eywo ‰wU eYÆbvKvixi KvGQ wewKÌ KiGe
RMr Rywoqv ‰K RvwZ AvGQ L ‰ˆ`Gki gvbyGli myL, kvw¯¦ I cÉvPzhÆ M eYÆbvKvixi cÉwZ eywoi m¯¦vb ˆÕ²n
ˆm RvwZi bvg gvbyl RvwZ M evsjvi i…c-ŠewPòÅ N eywo eYÆbvKvixGK ˆLRyGii PvUvB Dcnvi ˆ`Ge
‰KB c†wêxi Õ¦GbÅ jvwjZ N evsjvG`Gki gywÚhyG«¬i K^v 30. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ gvwm I wcwmi ‰KG`n ‰Kgb nGq
‰KB iwe-kkx ˆgvGì mv^x| 19. “AvgvGK ˆmB AÕ¨ wdwiGq `vI”@ ‰LvGb Kwe
10. DóxcGKi mvG^ wbGPi ˆKvb PiYwUi wgj AvGQ? hvIqvi KviY ˆKvbwU?
ˆKvb AGÕ¨ K^v eGjGQb? i. `yRGbB weaev
i. ‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eo ˆKvb gw±ì-Kvev bvB
K fvGjvevmv L cÉvPxb ii. AvnÐvw`GK ˆ`LvGkvbv
ii. gvbyGli ˆPGq eo wKQy bvB bGn wKQy gnxqvb
M cvigvYweK N AvaywbK iii. wbGRGì êuGP ^vKvi msMÉvg
iii. bvB ˆ`k Kvj cvGòi ˆf` AGf` agÆ RvwZ
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 20. BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi KvwkgevRvi KzwVi cÉavb ˆK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K i L ii K ievUÆ KÑvBf L DBwjqvg IqvUmb K i I ii L i I iii
M iii N i, ii I iii M iRvi ˆWÈK N wKjcÅvwUÇK M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1 K 2 L 3 K 4 K 5 M 6 L 7 K 8 K 9 N 10 M 11 K 12 M 13 M 14 K 15 N
Dîi
16 N 17 K 18 K 19 K 20 L 21 K 22 M 23 L 24 N 25 K 26 M 27 K 28 L 29 M 30 M
20. ivRkvnx êvWÆ 2019

‰es M I N wefvM nGZ KgcGÞ ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| ‰KB cÉGk²i Dîi mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÉY `ƒlYxq|]
K wefvM  M`Å K. mKj ˆèZvi wek¼ ˆ`Dj Kx? 1
1. cÉRvcwZi `yB cÞ| eicÞ ‰es KbÅvcÞ| eicÞ KbÅvcGÞi KvGQ bM` cçvk L. “ZÅwRj ivRÅ gvbGei gnv ê`bvi WvK ÷wb”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
nvRvi UvKv I cuvP fwi Õ¼YÆvjâvi ˆPGq emj| wbZÅvb±` ivq ˆKvGbv wKQy weGePbv bv M. DóxcGKi iwng mvGnGei Rxebvbyf„wZi mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq cÉwZdwjZ
KGi ZvGZB ˆgGqi weGq w`GZ mÁÃZ nGq ˆMj| Zvi gGZ, ‰gb wkwÞZ ˆQGj Avi eGbw` Kwei Rxeb`kÆGbi Zzjbv KGiv| 3
cwievi wKQyGZB nvZQvov Kiv hvq bv| Zvi BœQvq h^vixwZ AvkxeÆv` ceÆ ˆkGl ÷f N. “DóxcKwU fveMZ w`K ˆ^GK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvGK aviY KGiGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwU
weevGni w`b avhÆ nGq ˆMj| wbZÅvb±` AGbK KÓ¡ Õ¼xKvi KGi weGqi hveZxq AvGqvRb wePvi KGiv| 4
mÁ·®² Kivi ciI wbZv¯¦ ‰K ZzœQ KviGY weGqi AvmGiB ‰B weGq ˆfGO hvq| 7. cÉvPxbKvGj ˆKvGbv ‰K ivGRÅ bvwK gvbyl MvQcvjv ˆKGU DRvo KGi w`Z|
K. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i gvgv AbycGgi ˆPGq KZ eQGii eo? 1 ivGÓ¡Çi kxlÆ chÆvGqi ˆbZviv gvbyGli ‰ aiGbi AweGePbv-cÉmƒZ ˆbwZevPK KgÆKvGí
L. “‰GK ˆZv eGii nvU gnvNÆ, Zvnvi cGi abyK-fvOv cY”@ ‰B K^vi A^Æ Dw«¼™² nGq cGob| meyR wbaGbi ‰B fqâi evGR AfÅvm eG®¬ ZLb ˆ`Gk ‰K
eywSGq `vI| 2 KGVvi AvBb cÉYxZ nq| ‰ AvBb eÅwÚMZ MvQmn ˆhGKvGbv aiGbi MvQcvjv KvUvi
M. DóxcGKi wbZÅvb±` ivGqi mGã ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i kÁ¿zbvGî mv`†kÅ wbYÆq KGiv| 3 Ici Kov wbGlavæv AvGivc Kiv nq| eZÆgvb mgGq cwiGek myiÞvi jGÞÅ meyR
N. Zzwg wK gGb KGiv ˆhŒZzK cÉ^vB weGq ˆfGO hvIqvi ‰Kgvò KviY? DóxcK I e†ÞivwR msiÞGYi AvG±`vjb wek¼eÅvcx QwoGq cGoGQ| wK¯§, gvbyGli MvQcvjv
‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK wePvi KGiv| 4 wbaGbi cÉeYZv ‰LGbv iGqB ˆMGQ|
2. ˆjwLKv kvgxgv AvLZvGii Õ¼vgx dvi‚K ˆPŒayix I Zvi ‰Kgvò m¯¦vb weRq K. Kwe Avnmvb nvexe KZ wLËÕ¡vGõ ‰KzGk c`GK f„wlZ nb? 1
gywÚhyG«¬ kwn` nb| ‰ici kvgxgv AvLZvi Õ¼vaxbZvhyG«¬ evev-gv nvivGbv ‰wZg L. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq ‘mfÅZvi ˆmB cÉwZkÉ‚wZ’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
cÉkv¯¦GK cyòevrmGjÅ jvjb-cvjb KGi eo KGi ˆZvGjb| g†ZzÅi AvGM kvgxgv M. DóxcGKi mGã ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi ˆKvb cÉmãwUi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ ‰es KxfvGe? 3
AvLZvi Zvi 18wU cÉKvwkZ MÉG¯©i Õ¼Z½ cÉkv¯¦GK `vb KGib| cÉkv¯¦ Zvi gvGqi N. “DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘KGVvi AvBb’-‰i DGókÅ I ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi Kwei
MÉvGgi evwoGZ kwn` m¯¦vb weRGqi bvGg gywÚhyG«¬i ÕÃ†wZ cvVvMvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGib| AvKv›Þv Awf®²| weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
K. ‘ˆMvqvjGcviv’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
L. “Avgvi eì KÓ¡, fvZ ˆRvGU bv mew`b”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 8. gvnveye mvGne gaÅcÉvGPÅ wMGq AGXj UvKv DcvRÆb KGib| ‰jvKvi ivÕ¦v, ˆmZz,
M. DóxcGKi kvgxg AvLZvi I cÉkvG¯¦i ˆÕ²Gni mÁ·GKÆi mvG^ ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i gmwR`, gw±ì wbgÆvGY Zvi AKvZi `vb iGqGQ| wbtm¯¦vb gvnveyGei wcZ‡-n†`Gqi
eywo I ˆMvcvGji mÁ·GKÆi Zzjbv KGiv| 3 AvÕ¼v` cƒiGY AGbGKB ZvGK w«¼Zxq weGqi civgkÆ ˆ`b| Õ¨x kvwggvI ‰ cÉÕ¦ve mg^Æb
N. “ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DóxcK I ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ fveMZ HKÅ iGqGQ|”@ KGib| gvnveye Zvi ‰K êvGbi beRvZKGK wbR m¯¦vb wnGmGe cÉwZcvjb KGi Õ¨x
g¯¦eÅwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 kvwggvi gvZ‡-n†`Gqi AZ‡µ¦ evmbv cƒiY KGib|
3. 1919 mvGji 13 ‰wcÉj RvwjqvbIqvjvevGMi e«¬ D`ÅvGb ˆRbvGij WvqvGii K. ‘jvjmvjy’ ˆKvb aiGbi DcbÅvm? 1
wbG`ÆGk wbiÕ¨ RbZvi Ici wbweÆPvGi àwj PvwjGqwQj weËwUk cywjk| weËwUk L. “ˆKej axGi axGi KvGVi gZ kÚ nGq IGV Zvi gyLUv”@ Kvi gyL kÚ nGq IGV
kvmKGkÉwY I Zvi ˆ`wk-weG`wk ˆ`vmiGì ‰ RvZxq AZÅvPvi-wbhÆvZGb AwZÓ¡ nGq ‰es ˆKb? 2
DGVwQj civaxb fviZeGlÆi mvaviY RbMY| wbhÆvwZZ RbMGYi gywÚi AMÉ`ƒZ nGq M. DóxcGKi gvnveyGei mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi PwiGòi Zzjbv
ˆ`Lv w`GqwQGjb ˆgvnb`vm Kig Puv` Mv®¬x| gnvñv Mv®¬x bvGg mgwaK cwiwPZ KGiv| 3
‰B ivRbxwZwe` eYÆ‹elgÅ `ƒixKiYmn wewf®² mvgvwRK I ivR‹bwZK KgÆKvGíi N. “DóxcGKi cÉwZdwjZ BwZevPK Rxeb ˆPZbv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm AbycwÕ©Z|”@
gvaÅGg wbGRGK fviZevmxi KvGQ Awemsevw`Zv ˆbZv wnGmGe cÉgvY KGib ‰es DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
wewf®² AZÅvPvi-wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi nGqI weËwUk weGivax ‘fviZ QvGov’ AvG±`vjGb 9. gyiv`cyi ‰KwU AeGnwjZ MÉvg| MÉvgwU ˆhvMvGhvMeÅeÕ©vq ˆhgb wcwQGq Zvi ˆPGq
ˆbZ‡Z½ ˆ`b| Awnsm AvG±`vjGbi cyGivav nGjI ˆ`k I RbMGYi gywÚi cÉGk² êwk wkÞvq| bvix wkÞvq wcwQGq ^vKvq MÉvGg evjÅweevn wbZÅ ŠbwgwîK eÅvcvi| MÉvGgi
KLGbvB Avcm KGibwb gvnvñv Mv®¬x| ˆQGj gwbi ˆnvGmb ‰g‰mwm cvm KGi miKvwi PvKwii myGhvM ˆcGq MÉnY KGibwb|
K. gwnDwób Avng` Kx îvGM fzMwQGjb? 1 wZwb MÉvGg cÉwZÓ¤v KGib ‰KwU evwjKv we`Åvjq| ‰Qvov ˆmjvB I KwÁ·DUvi cÉwkÞY
L. “êwk ˆRvGi PvjvGeb bv, KviY evevi KvGji RxebUv ˆhb ivÕ¦vq bv hvq|”@ ˆK±`Ê Õ©vcb KGi ˆgGqGì KgÆgyLx wkÞvq D«¼y«¬ KGib|
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 2 K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
M. DóxcGKi weËwUk kvmGKi wbhÆvZb ‰es ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq cvwKÕ¦vwb L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk,”@ K^vwU «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
kvmKGì wbhÆvZGbi Zzjbv KGiv| 3 M. DóxcGKi gyiv`cyi MÉvGgi mgvR evÕ¦eZvi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi
N. “gnvñv Mv®¬x ‰es eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb DfGqB ˆ`k I ˆ`Gki gvbyGli MÉvGgi mgvR evÕ¦eZvi Zzjbv KGiv| 3
gywÚGKB meÆvGMÉ cÉvavbÅ w`GqGQb|’@ DóxcK I ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvi N. “DóxcGKi gwbi Kvw›ÞZ jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGZ cviGjI ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm
AvGjvGK DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 mdj nqwb|”@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
4. `xµ¦ mÁ·ÉwZ Zvi eo fvBGqi mGã evsjvG`k RvZxq Rv`yNi `kÆb KGi N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
AvGm| Rv`yNGi wMGq ˆm cÉPzi Avb±` jvf KGi| Rv`yNGi msiwÞZ wewf®² 10. wmsnRvbx ciMYvi ‰K cÉZvckvjx Rwg`vGii bvg wmsn bvivqY ivq|
cÉðZvwî½K wb`kÆb ˆ^GK RvwZi BwZnvm, HwZnÅ, mfÅZv I msÕ•‡wZ mÁ·GKÆ AGbK
ævb ARÆb KGi| mfÅZv weKvGki bvbv wb`kÆb I Z^ÅwPò ˆ`GL ˆm PgrK‡Z nq| cÉRvevrmjÅ Zvi PwiGòi AbÅZg w`K| cÉRvGì myGLi RbÅ wZwb w`wN Lbb,
‰GZ ˆm gvbwmK kwÚ ARÆGbi ˆcÉiYv LuyGR cvq| Rv`yNi `kÆb Zvi ˆfZGi ˆ`kGcÉg ivÕ¦vNvU wbgÆvY, Õ•zj, KGjR, gv`Ëvmv cÉwZÓ¤v, Lv`Åvfve ˆgvKvGejvq Lv`Å gRy`mn
I RvwZi cÉwZ `vwqZ½Geva evwoGq ˆ`q| ‰Lb ˆm wbGRGK wPGb I RvGb| bvbv iKg RbwnZKi KgÆKví cwiPvjbv KiGZb| Zvi Rwg`vwii AbÅZg m`mÅ
K. c†wêxi cÉ^g Rv`yNi Õ©vwcZ nGqwQj ˆKv^vq? 1 wQGjb ‰Kgvò fw™²cwZ mgi mgvói| wZwb ZvGK AZÅ¯¦ ˆÕ²n KiGZb ‰es wek¼vm
L. “Rv`yNi AvgvGì Avb±` ˆ`q”@ KxfvGe? 2 KiGZb| ‰B wek¼vGmi myGhvGM mgi mgvóvi AvñÕ¼v^Æ PwiZvG^Æ eÅÕ¦ ^vKZ| Zvi
M. DóxcGKi `xµ¦i Abyf„wZi mGã ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb weGkl K‡Z KgÆ AGbKevi aiv coGjI Rwg`vi J`vhÆekZ ZvGK Þgv KGi w`GZb| ‰K
w`KwUi mv`†kÅ cvIqv hvq?” @ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 eQi LvRbv cwiGkvGai RbÅ mgiGK `vwqZ½ w`Gj ˆm mgÕ¦ A^Æ wbGq AvñGMvcb
N. “DóxcKwU ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ cÉeG®¬i mvgwMÉK welqeÕ§GK aviY KGi bv”@ KGi| mƒhÆvÕ¦ AvBGb Rwg`vwii cZb NGU|
g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB KGiv| 4 K. DwgPuv` ˆKv^v ˆ^GK evsjvG`Gk ‰GmGQ? 1
L wefvM  KweZv L. “Avgvi ˆkl hy«¬ cjvwkGZB|”@ ˆKb? 2
5. ‰Kmgq Ckv Luvi mGã gvbwmsGni hy«¬ nq| iYwbcyY Ckv Luvi Zievwii AvNvGZ M. DóxcGKi mgi mgvóvi KxfvGe ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdGii mvG^
gvbwmsGni Zievwi w«¼LwíZ nGq hvq| gvbwmsn Amnvq nGq cGob| Ckv Luv PvBGj ‰B N. mv`† kÅcƒYÆ?
“DóxcGKi cÉRvermj wmsn bvivqY ivq ˆh KviGY Rwg`vwi nvwiGqGQb ‰KB
3
AeÕ©vq gvbwmsnGK nZÅv KiGZ cviGZb| wK¯§, exiGhv«¬v Ckv Luv Zv bv KGi wbGRi KviGY ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZv-mƒhÆ AÕ¦ hvq|”@ DóxcK I
ˆKvl ˆ^GK ‰KLvwb fvGjv ZGjvqvi êi KGi gvbwmsnGK Dcnvi w`Gq cybivq hyG«¬ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvGjvGK DwÚwU hvPvB KGiv| 4
Avnevb RvbvGjb| gvbwmsn Ckv Luvi ‰B gnvbyfeZv, J`vhÆ I exiaGgÆi Av`kÆ ˆ`GL
gy™¬ nGjb ‰es hyG«¬i cwieGZÆ mw®¬ Õ©vcGb ‰wMGq AvmGjb| 11. iwdK mvGne bvg-cwiPqnxb ‰K Abv^ evjKGK AvkÉq w`GqwQGjb wek eQi
K. gvBGKj gaym`ƒ b `Gîi gvGqi bvg Kx? 1 AvGM| bvg îGLwQGjb mRj| AK‡wòg fvGjvevmv I Avì-hGð iwdK mvGnGei m¯¦vb
L. “Õ©vwcjv weayGi wewa Õ©vbyi jjvGU”@ KweZvi ‰B PiY «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 wnGmGeB ˆm eo nq| wK¯§, bƒÅbZg gvbweK gƒjÅGevGai ˆmŒif Zvi gGaÅ m†wÓ¡ nqwb|
M. DóxcGKi Ckv Luv I ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi jßGYi Av`kÆMZ gGbi w`K ˆ^GK ˆm ‰ZB K`hÆ I msKxYÆ ˆh, iwdK mvGnGei wekvj mÁ·wîi gvwjK
Šemv`†kÅ wbYÆq KGiv| 3 nGq ˆhGZ Pvq ˆm| ‰jvKvq iwdK mvGnGei hk-LÅvwZ I mybvGgi hviv cÉwZcÞ, ZvGì
N. “DóxcK I ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi gƒjfvebv ‰K bq|”@ g¯¦eÅwU «¼viv mRj cÉwZwbqZ cÉGivwPZ nq| ˆm Zvi AvkÉq`vZvi mÁ·wî nÕ¦MZ Kivi RbÅ
wePvi KGiv| 4 myGhvM ˆLuvGR| ‰Kw`b ˆm AGÕï gyGL mgÕ¦ mÁ·wî Zvi bvGg wjGL w`GZ iwdK
6. wkÞKZvi `xNÆ RxeGb iwng mvGnGei KvGQ wkÞv^ÆxGì agÆxq, mvgvwRK mvGneGK evaÅ KGi ‰es cGi ZvGK wbgÆgfvGe nZÅv KGi|
wKsev A^Æ‹bwZK cwiPq KLGbv eo nGq IGVwb| ævb PPÆvi cvkvcvwk AvkcvGki K. “Pvwiw`GK ÷ay Awek¼vm Avi loh¯¨|”@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1
gvbylGì gvbeZvevG` `xwÞZ Kiv wQj Zuvi RxebeËZ| ‰Lb Zuvi Aemi KvGU L. “fxi‚ cÉZviGKi `j wPiKvjB cvjvq”@ ‰i ZvrchÆ eywSGq `vI| 2
mvgvwRK Avi eÅwÚ gvbyGli KjÅvYKGgÆ| agÆxq ˆMuvovwg wKsev A®¬ msÕ•vGii M. DóxcGKi mRGji AvPiY ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi mGã
KviGY mgvGR hLb AbvPvi ˆ`Lv ˆ`q ZLb iwng mvGne meÆkwÚ w`Gq Zv cÉwZnZ Zzjbxq? hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 3
Kivi ˆPÓ¡v KGib| wZwb Zuvi wkÞv^ÆxGì cÉvqB Píx`vGmi ˆmB Agi DœPviY gGb N. “DóxcGKi iwdK mvGne I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wmivGRi cwiYwZ ‰K
KwiGq w`GZb, “mevi DcGi gvbyl mZÅ Zvnvi DcGi bvB|” nGjI ˆcÉÞvcU wf®²|”@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
evsjv (AvewkÅK) cÉ^g cò welq ˆKvW:
0 1 1
1. ‘bƒij`xb ‰Kw`b Kvj cƒwYÆgvq w`Ge WvK’@ ˆKb? 12. nvbv`vi evwnbxi AZÅvPvi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 21 I 22 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
K msMwVZ nGZ L wbtmãZv `ƒi KiGZ ˆKvb NUbvi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? mybxj MGãvcvaÅvGqi ‘AvwgB ˆm’ ˆQvë DcbÅvmwUGZ
M msMÉvg KiGZ N BwZnvm ejGZ K KzwVi mvGneGì wbhÆvZb wea†Z nGqGQ gvbe mfÅZvi Avw`g BwZnvm Avi mfÅZvi
2. ‘H `ytLRbK ˆ`bv ˆkva Kiv cÉGqvRb|’ gvwZj`vi L NGmwU êMGgi gmb` `Lj AMÉMwZ| KxfvGe Avw`g gvbyl mfÅ gvbyGl cwiYZ nGqGQ,
‰gb fvebv KxGmi cwiPvqK? M wmivRDGóŒjvi eeÆiZv ZviB cÉKvk NGUGQ DcbÅvmwUGZ|
K J`vhÆ L eÅwÚZ½ N wgiRvdGii KzwUjZv 21. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’
M gnî½ N fxi‚Zv 13. ‰i…c mv`†GkÅi A¯¦wbÆwnZ KviY@ KweZvi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ@
3. KgjvKvG¯¦i fvebvq ˆK Avwdg wfÞv KiGZ i. KzwVqvj BsGiR KZ‡ÆK wbixn cÉRvGì Ici i. HwZnÅ ˆPZbvq
‰GmGQ? AZÅvPvi ii. gywÚi ˆPZbvq
K ˆbGcvwjqvb L wePviK ii. jeY weGKÌZvi evwoNi R¾vwjGq ˆ`qv iii. msMÉvgx ˆPZbvq
M gvRÆvi N IGqwjsUb iii. bevGei A^Æ Avñmvr Kiv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
4. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬ AbymvGi fzGji gvaÅGg mZÅGK wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii
cvIqvi Dcvq nGjv@ K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K ˆMuv eRvq ivLv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 22. DóxcK I ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi
L wbGRi fzj Õ¼xKvi KGi ˆbqv 14. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvskUzKz ˆgNbvèa’ Šemv`†kÅ jÞ Kiv hvq@
M cigZ AmwnúzZv KvGeÅi ˆKvb mMÆ nGZ msKwjZ? K mfÅZv weKvGk L BwZnvm ˆPZbvq
N ciaGgÆi cÉwZ D`vmxbZv K 4^Æ L 5g M fveMvÁ¿xGhÆ N msMÉvgkxjZvq
5. weËGUGb AÝGdvWÆ wek¼we`Åvjq wgDwRqvg cÉwZwÓ¤Z M 6Ó¤ N 7g 23. Kwe myKv¯¦ fëvPvGhÆi R¯Ã ˆKvb ˆRjvq?
nq ˆKvb kZGK? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 15 I 16 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K ewikvj L KywoMÉvg
K evGiv L ˆZGiv RMr Rywoqv AvGQ ‰K RvwZ M ˆMvcvjMé N eËvþYevwoqv
M cGbGiv N mGZGiv [we. `Ë. myKv¯¦ fëvPvGhÆi R¯Ã KjKvZvi gvZzjvjGq|
ˆm RvwZi bvg gvbyl RvwZ|
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 6 I 7 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 15. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi mv`†kÅ
Z^Åmƒò: ‘myKv¯¦ mgMÉ; cwiwkÓ¡-2’ kvGKi ˆPŒayix|]
eZÆgvb weGk¼i AMÉMwZ wbfÆi KGi K‡lGKi Z^v K‡wli 24. Šmq` IqvjxDÍÏvn&i meÆGkl KgÆÕ©j ˆKvbwU?
ˆKv^vq?
AMÉhvòvi Ici| K KivwP L jíb
K wek¼eÅvcx ‰K RvwZi KÍ¸bvq
6. DóxcGKi mGã ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉe®¬ KxfvGe M RvgÆvwb N cÅvwiGm
L gvbyGli ˆkÉÓ¤GZ½i fvebvq
mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 25. AwZ m¯¦cÆGY avGbi duvGK duvGK Zviv ˆbŒKv Pvjvq,
M mvgÅev`x ˆPZbvq
K K‡wlRxexi mg†w«¬ mvaGb ˆKb?
N mZÅ cÉwZÓ¤vi f„wgKvq
L K†wlRxexi AeÕ©v cÉZÅÞKiGY K ˆXD ev kõ nIqvi fGq
16. DóxcGKi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ fvewU wbGPi ˆKvb PiGYi L `Þ wkKvwi eGj
M K†wlRxexi ài‚Z½ AbyaveGb
mGã mÁ·KÆhyÚ? M avbGÞGZ ˆbŒKv PvjvGbv Amyweavi RbÅ
N K†wlRxexi bÅvhÅZv cÉvwµ¦GZ
K ˆZvgvGZ iGqGQ mKj ˆKZve mKj KvGji
7. DÚ mv`†GkÅi wfwîGZ cÉe®¬wUi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ welq@ N mZKÆZvi gvi ˆbB eGj
i. K†wlKvGRi cÉwZ ài‚Z½vGivc
ævb 26. mevB wgGj mwZÅB Avgiv evsjvGK wewKÌ KGi w`wœQ
L ‰B iY f„Gg euvwki wKGkvi MvwnGjb gnvMxZv bv ˆZv?@ DwÚwU Kvi?
ii. K‡lKGK `vwqZ½kxjKiY
M ˆcGU-wcGV, KuvGa-gMGR hv Lywk cyuw^ I K RMrGkV L wgiRvdi
iii. K‡lGKi AeÕ©vi D®²qb
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? ˆKZve eI M DwgPuv` N Iqvwj Lvb
N Mvwn mvGgÅi Mvb 27. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MÍ¸wU ˆKvb cwòKvq cÉ^g cÉKvwkZ
K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
17. Avmi RgvGZ Aw«¼Zxq ˆK? nq?
8. ‘gvRviwU Zuvi kwÚi gƒj’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv K Abycg L KjÅvYx K mgKvj L cƒeÆvkv
nGqGQ? M weby `v`v N nwik M mgvPvi `cÆY N fviZx
K wbeyÆw«¬Zv L AvbyMZÅ 18. m¾Í¸cÉvY, Õ©ƒjeyw«¬ I Rei`wÕ¦wcÉq gvbyGl cwicƒYÆ? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 28 I 29 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
M D`viZv N AbyivM K RMr L mgvR gvbyl gvbyGli RbÅ
9. ‘mÁÃvGbi wPiwbeÆvmb” K^vwUi MfxGi ˆKvb welq M msmvi N ˆ`k Rxeb RxeGbi RbÅ
wbwnZ? wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 19 I 20 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ‰KUz mnvbyf„wZ wK
K AvñcÉmv` L Avñ`nb eYÆev`x ˆbZv ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv `wÞY AvwdÌKvi RbMGYi gvbyl ˆcGZ cvGi bv?
M AvñZzwÓ¡ N Avñ«¼±«¼ RbÅ Avg†ZzÅ jovB KGiGQb| `xNÆ 27 eQi KviveiY 28. DóxcGK ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi ˆKvb w`KwU cÉKvwkZ
10. ‘ˆdeyËqvwi 1969’ KweZvq ˆKvb dzGji DGÍÏL KGiI ˆkvlK-ŠÕ¼ikvmGKi mGã Avcm KGibwb| nGqGQ?
AvGQ? 19. DóxcKwU ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb iPbvi mvG^ wgj K cËK‡wZ ˆPZbv L msMÉvgx ˆPZbv
K Rev L ˆMvjvc iGqGQ? M gvbe mfÅZv N gvbeZv
M K‡úP„ov N cjvk K ˆdeyËqvwi 1969 29. DÚ fveGK aviY KiGZ cÉGqvRb@
11. ‘Š`wbK cvwKÕ¦vb’ cwòKvwU cieZÆxKvGj Kx bvGg L evqv®²i w`bàGjv i. D`viZv
cÉKvwkZ nq? M îBbGKvU ii. D`vmxbZv
K Š`wbK evsjv N bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq iii. msGe`bkxjZv
L Š`wbK gwbÆs ‰R 20. ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv I eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
M Š`wbK BGîdvK Pwiò `ywU ˆKvb w`K ˆ^GK mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? K i I ii L i I iii
N Š`wbK msev` i. KvivGfvGM M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 12 I 13 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ii. cÉwZevG` 30. eywo ˆKb evievi ˆMvcvGji KvGQ ˆhGZ Pvb?
‰KvîGii gnvb gywÚhyG«¬ cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx ‰ iii. ˆ`kGcÉGg K AG^Æi ˆjvGf
ˆ`kxq ˆ`vmiGì mnvqZvq AvgvGì ˆ`Gk eÅvcK wbhÆvZb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? L ˆÕ²n-fvGjvevmvi UvGb
Pvjvq| AmsLÅ gvbyGli evwoNi cywoGq ˆ`q| gv-êvbGì K i I ii L i I iii M wbtmãZv `ƒi KiGZ
mÁÃvbnvwb KGi ‰es eÅvcK MYnZÅv Pvjvq| M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N AwZw^civqY eGj
1 M 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 K 6 M 7 L 8 L 9 L 10 M 11 K 12 K 13 K 14 M 15 M
Dîi
16 N 17 N 18 M 19 L 20 N 21 L 22 M 23 * 24 N 25 K 26 L 27 L 28 N 29 L 30 L
21. w`bvRcyi êvWÆ 2019

K wefvM  M`Å 7. ‰KzGki eBGgjvq cÉwZeQi meyR mvGnGei KweZvi bZzb eB cÉKvwkZ nq|
1. mvMi mvGnGei evmvq KvR KGi Avqbv wewe| gvm ˆkGl êZb ˆcGjI ‰ eQi Zv nqwb| MZ CG` MÉvGgi evwoi cyKzGi WzGe meyR mvGnGei ‰Kgvò cyò
wVKgGZv Lvevi cvq bv ˆm| Þzavi h¯Ÿvq gvGS gvGS Pzwi KGi Lvevi Lvq Avqbv| dqmvj gviv hvb| Kwe cyòGkvGK ˆkvKMÉÕ¦| eBGgjv DcjGÞ bZzb eB cÉKvGk
‰Kw`b Lvevi Pzwi KiGZ wMGq nvGZbvGZ aiv coGj kvwÕ¦ wnGmGe cÉnvi KGi ZvGK KGqKRb cÉKvkK Kwe meyR mvGnGei KvGQ cvíywjwc ˆPGqGQb| wK¯§ Kwe KvGiv
ZvwoGq ˆ`q| Avqbv eGj, “ˆcGU Þzav ^vKGj Pzwi bv KGi Dcvq Kx?” K^v ivLGZ cvGibwb|
K. mvgvwRK abe†w«¬ eÅZxZ Kvi D®²wZ bvB? 1 K. ‘cv^vi’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
L. ‘ˆZjv gv^vq ˆZj ˆÌqv gbylÅ RvwZi îvM’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 L. ‘ˆm fzGjwbGZv, ‰GmGQ Zv dvàGb ÕÃwiqv’@ DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcGKi Lvevi Pzwi ‘weovj’ iPbvi ˆKvb cÉmGãi mvG^ ˆKb mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 3 M. DóxcGKi meyR mvGnGei mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi Kwei mv`†kÅ
N. “DóxcGKi Avqbv wewe ‰es ‘weovj’ iPbvi weovj Awf®² ˆPZbvi aviK|”@ ˆ`LvI| 3
g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4 N. “DóxcK I ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq welY²Zvi myi Õ·Ó¡ nGqGQ|”@
2. ˆjwLKv iðv ˆPŒayixi Õ¼vgx mgi I ‰Kgvò m¯¦vb `xcâi gywÚhyG«¬ kwn` nb| g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
gywÚhyG«¬ gv-evev nvivGbv ‰wZg myRvDwóbGK iðv ˆPŒayix cyò evrmGjÅ eo KGib| M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
g†ZzÅi AvGM iðv ˆPŒayix Zvi cÉKvwkZ 18wU eBGqi Õ¼Z½ myRvDwóbGK `vb KGib| 8. gvnveye mvGne gaÅcÉvGPÅ wMGq AGXj UvKv DcvRÆb KGiGQb| ‰jvKvi ivÕ¦v,
myRvDwób Zvi gvGqi MÉvGgi evwoGZ kwn` m¯¦vb `xcâGii bvGg gywÚhyG«¬i ÕÃ†wZ ˆmZz, gmwR`, gw±ì ŠZwiGZ Zvi AKvZi `vb iGqGQ| wbtm¯¦vb gvnveyGei wcZ‡-
cvVvMvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGib| n†`Gqi AvÕ¼v` cƒiGY AGbGKB ZvGK w«¼Zxq weGqi civgkÆ ˆ`b| Õ¨x kvwggvI ZvGK
K. ‘ˆMvqvjGcviv’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 ‰ cÉÕ¦ve ˆ`b| gvnveye Zvi ‰K êvGbi beRvZKGK wbR m¯¦vb wnGmGe cÉwZcvjb
L. “Avgvi eì KÓ¡, fvZ ˆRvGU bv mew`b”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 KGi Õ¨x kvwggvi gvZ‡-n†`Gqi AZ‡µ¦ evmbv cƒiY KGib|
M. DóxcGKi ˆÕ²nvZzi mÁ·GKÆi mvG^ ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i eywo I ˆMvcvGji mÁ·GKÆi K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi cÉ^g Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
Zzjbv KGiv| 3 L. “ˆKej axGi axGi KvGVi gZ kÚ nGq IGV Zvi gyLUv”@ Kvi gyL kÚ nGq,
N. “ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DóxcK I ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ fveMZ HKÅ iGqGQ|”@ IGV ˆKb? 2
g¯¦eÅwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGKi gvnveyGei mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi PwiGòi
3. hvGK Ac`v^Æ, AKgÆYÅ eGj Dcnvm Kiv nGœQ, ZvGK hw` ˆKD mvnm ˆ`q, Zzjbv KGiv| 3
‰wMGq hvevi civgkÆ ‰es mnGhvwMZvi nvZ evovq, ZGe ˆmB gvbylwUi gvbwmK I N. “DóxcGKi cÉwZdwjZ BwZevPK Rxeb ˆPZbv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm
AvwñK weeZÆb NUGe| ‰GZ Ajm cwikÉgx nGZ cvGi, AcÉwZf mcÉwZf nGe, fxi‚ AbycwÕ©Z|”@ DwÚwU cixÞv KGiv| 4
mvnmx nGe, gƒLÆ we«¼vb nGe, `yeÆj ejevb nGZ cvGi| ‰i AbÅZg KviY, ˆmB 9. gyiv`cyi ‰KwU AeGnwjZ MÉvg| MÉvgwU ˆhvMvGhvMeÅeÕ©vq ˆhgb wcwQGq Zvi
gvbylwUi A¯¦wbÆwnZ mGZÅi weKvk| ˆPGq êwk wkÞvq| bvix wkÞvq wcwQGq ^vKvq MÉvGg evjÅ weGq wbZÅ ŠbwgwîK
K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬wU ˆKvb cÉe®¬ MÉ¯© ˆ^GK ˆbIqv nGqGQ? 1 eÅvcvi| MÉvGgi ˆQGj gwbi ˆnvGmb ‰g‰mwm cvm KGi miKvwi PvKwii myGhvM
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N. “AvñvGK wPbGjB AvñwbfÆiZv AvGm”@ DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i KGib|
AvGjvGK g¯¦eÅwU wePvi KGiv| 4 K. ‘jvjmvjy’ ˆKvb aiGbi DcbÅvm? 1
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KGjGRi ˆkl eGlÆi Qvòx| N. “DóxcGKi gwbi Kvw›ÞZ jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGZ cviGjI ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm
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L. AvnÐvw`GK ˆ`GL eyGov ingvGbi ˆPvL QjQj KGi IGV ˆKb? 2
M. DóxcGKi PvPv I ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i gvwm-wcwm PwiGòi ZzjbvgƒjK wPò N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 3 10. cyivbMGoi cvk w`Gq eGq ˆMGQ gvZvgyüix b`x| ‰K ˆkÉwYi Amvay eÅemvqx
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M. DóxcGKi ‘KxîbGLvjv’ bvUGKi PwiòàGjv ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi ˆKvb PwiòàGjv Av`wkÆK wgj LuyGR cvIqv hvq? 3
Kx cÉmGã Zzjbxq? 3 N. “ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DóxcGKi Amvay eÅemvqx ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
N. “DóxcGK wea†Z ‘KxîbGLvjv’ bvUGK bvUÅKvGii ˆh KxwZÆ Zv-B Aw®¼Ó¡ wQj BsGiR êwbqvGì Pwiò ‰K I Awf®²|”@ g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB KGiv| 4
‘HKZvb’ KweZvi Kwei|”@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 11. 1971 mvGji gnvb gywÚhyG«¬ ivOvgvwUi ‘eywoiNvU’ hyG«¬ kò‚cÞ
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K. Rxebvb±` `vk evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb knGi R¯ÃMÉnY KGib? 1 civÕ¦ nq kò‚cÞ|
L. ‘ˆmBLvGb k›LwPj cvGbi eGbi gGZv nvIqvq Pçj’@ DwÚwUGZ Kx êvSvGbv K. wgiRvdGii àµ¦Pi ˆK? 1
nGqGQ? 2 L. ‘fxi‚ cÉZviGKi `j wPiKvjB cvjvq’@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcGK ‘`†kÅgvb Qwe’ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi ˆKvb cÉmGãi M. DóxcGKi exiGkÉÓ¤ gyw´Ö Ave`yi iDGdi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK hy«¬GÞGò
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N. “DóxcK I ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq ˆmŒ±`hÆ eYÆbvi A¯¦ivGj N. “DóxcGK weRGqi eviZv ^vKGjI ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK civRq NGUGQ
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K PvZzhÆ L fívwg
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22. ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvq ‘KvjNyg’
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Avgvi wbGRi gy`vË G`vGl wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K AmGPZbZv L `ytmgq
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M wPiwb`Ëv N `ywfÆÞ
3. DóxcGKi “Avwg ‰Kv nGZwQ Avjv`v?” ‘ˆjvK- M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx cÉk² `ywUi Dîi `vI:
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L ˆhb Zvi ZG¯¨ gG¯¨ fGi AvGQ P±`Gbi Wvj AmrmGãi KviGY ˆbkv I m¯¨vGmi c^ êGQ ˆbq AwZ Av`Gii fvwZRv bvwRGgi wei‚G«¬ fqven lohG¯¨
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N KweZvi Avm®² weRq
13. DóxcGKi BKevj ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ 23. DóxcGKi PvPv Kvgi‚j ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
4. DóxcKwU ˆKvb weGePbvq ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^ Zzjbxq? ˆKvb PwiGòi Abyi…c?
K iveY L ˆmŒwgwò K NGmwU êMg L wgiRvdi
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M wefxlY N KyÁ¿KYÆ M ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM N kIKZRã
K mgvRwegyLZv L ˆmŒ±`hÆGPZbv
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M wewœQ®²ZvGeva N m†wÓ¡i weRq
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5. gƒj ‘ˆbKGjm’ MÍ¸wU ˆKvb fvlvq iwPZ?
K hvq wK ˆm Kfz, cÉfz, cwâj mwjGj, K mvgÅev` L ˆ`kGcÉg
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M cÉdzÍÏ KgGj KxUevm? Kn ZvZ, mwne
K KYÆdzjx, aGjk¼ix, c«Âv I Rjvãx M gvwbKPuv` N ivBmyj Rynvjv
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N wbRM†nc^, ZvZ, ˆ`LvI ZÕ•Gi?
M c«Âv, eywoMãv, aGjk¼ix I myigv Kvco AevGa KZ ermi ÛGK?
15. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq ˆmB AÕ¨ eÅvµ¦ nGj ˆKv^vq K 10 L 25
N eywoMãv, KYÆdzjx, c«Âv I aGjk¼ix
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7. “KwjKvZvi evwnGi evwK ˆh c†wêxUv AvGQ
K meyR AiGYÅ L dmGji gvGV 27. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ cÉvew®¬K wbGRi cwiPq
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M gvbe emwZi eyGK N bÞòLwPZ AvKvGk w`GqGQb Kx wnGmGe?
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16. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq NvZGKi ^vevi mÁÃyGL K Awfkvc-iGî mviw^
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M KzmsÕ•vi N K„cgíyKZv
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8. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq ‘wPògqx eYÆbvi evYx’ ejGZ 17. ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq “cG^ ˆdvGU ZvRv dzj!” Kx 28. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi “gnvmgyG`Ëi WvKGK AeGnjv
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9. DóxcGKi MÉvGgi cÉfvekvjxiv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi wiKkvPvjK iZb cÉwZgvGm ‰Kw`b ‰wZgLvbvq wKQy
M cÉRvGì cÉwZ ˆcÉg N AgvZÅGì cÉwZ ˆkÐl
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M învb Avjx N gwR` cGo hvq gvngy`| cywjGki êaoK jvwVGcUvq ˆmw`b K nvRiv eÅvUvi eD L Rwgi KivwZi Õ¨x
10. DóxcGKi ˆPqvigÅvb ˆmŒif ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ ˆ^GKB ˆm nGq IGV fvlv AvG±`vjGbi ‰KwbÓ¤ KgÆx| M eywoi bvZRvgvB N MÍ¸K^K
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1 N 2 K 3 K 4 M 5 M 6 K 7 N 8 L 9 N 10 L 11 L 12 L 13 M 14 L 15 L
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22. KzwgÍÏv êvWÆ 2019

K wefvM  M`Å K. ‘hyMveZvi’ A^Æ Kx? 1
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K. AbycgGK ‘gvKvj dGji’ mvG^ Zzjbv KGi we`Ëyc KGiwQj ˆK? 1 SvDkvGL ˆm^v ebjZv euvwa, niGl ˆLGqwQ ˆ`vj,
L. ewjGjb, “ˆm Kx K^v| j™²”@ ˆK, ˆKb eGjwQj? cÉmã DGÍÏL KGi eywSGq `vI| 2 KzGji KuvUvi AvNvZ mwnqv KuvPvcvKv Kzj ˆLGq,
M. DóxcGKi kÉxhyÚvi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi mv`†kÅ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 Ag†GZi Õ¼v` ˆhb jwfqvwQ MuvGqi `yjvjx ˆgGq|”
N. “DóxcGK kÉxhyÚvi ewjÓ¤ eÅwÚGZ½i RvMiY ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi ÷wP÷ö K. ‘cv^vi’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
AvñcÉKvk|”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 L. “KzGnwj Dîix ZGj gvGNi m®²Åvmx|”@ cO&wÚwU eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
2. knx`yj `kg ˆkÉwYi weævGbi wkÞv^Æx| e†GÞi AwÝGRb cÉ`vb, cÉvwYKzGji M. DóxcGKi fveeÕ§i mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi fveeÕ§i Šemv`†kÅ
LvG`Åi ˆRvMvb BZÅvw` knx`yGji gGb `vM KvGU| knx`yj cÉwZæv KGi wPwKrmvkvÕ¨ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
AaÅqb KiGe| DœP gvaÅwgK DîxGYÆi ci XvKv ˆgwWGKj KGjR ˆ^GK K‡wZGZ½i N. DóxcGK ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi gƒjmƒi cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ wK? ˆZvgvi
mvG^ wPwKrmv kvGÕ¨ wWwMÉ ARÆb KGi knx`yj PGj AvGm wbR MÉvGg| ‰jvKvq cÉwZÓ¤v gZvgZ `vI| 4
KGi `vZeÅ wPwKrmvjq| knGii PvKwPKÅ I DœP îvRMvGii c^ cwinvi KGi wbR
‰jvKvi mvaviY gvbyGli Õ¼vÕ©ÅGmevGK knx`yj RxeGbi eËZ wnGmGe MÉnY KGi| M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
Aciw`GK Zvi eo fvB WvÚvi gwbi‚j wPwKrmvGK eËZ wnGmGe bv wbGq eÅemvq 8. Zzwnb e®¬yGì wbGq gayLvjx b`xi ZxGi êovGZ ˆMj| ZvGì ˆLqv ˆbŒKvi
wnGmGe MÉnY KGi AGXj mÁ·Gì gvwjK nGq hvq| gvwS ‘nvwbd’ b`xi jç UvwgÆbvGji cvGk AvÕ¦vbv ˆMGoGQ| MZ wZbw`b AvGMI
K. mvabvi eÅvcvGi eo wRwbm Kx? 1 ˆhLvGb gvbyGli wbkvbv wQj bv; ˆmLvGb jvj KvcGoi mxgvbv| BGZvgGaÅ ˆmLvGb
L. “gvbyGli e†w«¬ ˆKej Š`wnK bq, AvwñKI|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 AGbK ˆjvK RGov nGqGQ ‰es ‘nvwbd’ˆK wNGi wRwKi KiGQ| nvwbGdi gwngv
M. DóxcGKi WvÚvi gwbi‚Gji ˆPZbvi mvG^ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwU ewYÆZ nGœQ| gvwUGZ weQvGbv jvj KvcGo UvKv-cqmvi Õ¦„c|
Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
N. “DóxcGKi knx`yGji ‘eËZ’ ‰es ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i ‘e†GÞi mvabv’ ‰KB L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk”| eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
mƒGò Muv^v|”@ ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 M. DóxcGKi ewYÆZ NUbvi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb NUbv Abyi…c? eÅvLÅv
3. QywU ivYx weaev I wbtm¯¦vb| ‰ weaevi wbKU-mÁ·GKÆi ˆKD ˆbB| ‰Kw`b KGiv| 3
evwoi AvwObvi gw±`Gi cvGk wek-Ea»Æ ‰KwU ˆgGqGK Kuv`GZ ˆ`GLb| mgÕ¦ NUbv N. “DóxcGKi nvwbd’ ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì AvñcÉwZÓ¤v ‰KB e†Gî
÷Gb ˆgGqwUGK NGi wbGq AvGmb| Õ¼vgxi wb`ÆqZvq ÞZ-weÞZ ˆgGqwUGK gvGqi Ave«¬|”@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ w`Gq eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
ˆÕ²Gn AvkÉq ˆ`b| ˆgGqwUi k¼÷ievwoi ˆjvK msev` ˆcGq ˆgGqwUGK wbGq ˆhGZ 9. gwng Avwji msmvGii mKj `vwqZ½ Zvi Õ¨x nbydvi| ˆhŒ^ cwievGii MÉvgxY
Pvb| ˆgGqwU ˆKvGbvfvGeB wdGi ˆhGZ ivwR bq| QywU ivYxI ˆgGqwUGK ˆhGZ msmvGii iv®²vev®²v ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi avb ÷KvGbv, gvovGbv, M†ncvwjZ nuvm-gyiwM, Mi‚-
ˆ`bwb| ‰RbÅ QywU ivYxGK mvgvwRK ˆbwZevPKZvi gyGLvgywL nGZ nq| QywU ivYx QvMGji Z`viwK meB kÚ nvGZ mvgjvb| ‰gbwK Avñxq-Õ¼RGbi mvG^ ˆhvMvGhvM,
ˆgGqwUGK Zvi Õ©vei-AÕ©vei mgÕ¦ ab-mÁ·wî DBj KGi ˆ`b| ZvGì gvb iÞv meB nbydvi ài‚`vwqZ½| ‰GZ Zvi Av¯¦wiKZvi ˆKvGbv NvUwZ ev
K. “LybmywU ivGLv w`wK ŠKGjk ˆZvgvi|”@DwÚwU Kvi? 1 KÑvw¯¦ ˆbB| wK¯§ ‘nbydv’ˆK gvGS gvGS AmnvqZ½ I ‰KvwKZ½ MÉvm KGi| gwng Avwj
L. “AwZ m¯¦cÆGY Zviv weQvbv ˆQGo IGV|” KvGì mÁ·GKÆ ‰es ˆKb ejv nGqGQ? 2 nbydvi ‰KvwKZ½ Abyfe KGi| KviY Zviv wbtm¯¦vb|
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ˆgGqwU ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ‘AvnÐvw`’i mvG^ KxfvGe msMwZcƒYÆ?
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi BDwbqb êvGWÆi ˆcÉwmGWG´Ÿi bvg Kx? 1
N. “DóxcGKi QywU ivYx ‰es ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i gvwm-wcwm ‰GK AcGii L. “`wjj `Õ¦vGeR Rvj nq, wK¯§ ˆLv`vZvjvi Kvjvg Rvj nq bv|”@ eywSGq
cwicƒiK|”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 ˆjGLv| 2
4. Avjg ‰KRb msMVK| ‰jvKvi ˆQGjGgGqGì wbGq wZwb ‘Kwe myKv¯¦ M. “DóxcGKi nbydv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngvi gGZvB NGii LuywU|”@ eÅvLÅv
cvVvMvi I msMxZ we`Åvjq’ bvGg msMVb MGo ˆZvGjb| wZwb wg^ÅvGK DwoGq w`Gq, KGiv| 3
mvgvwRK cÉwZe®¬KZvGK Rq KGi msMVGbi ‘iRZ Rq¯¦x’i AvGqvRb KGiGQb| N. “DóxcGK ewYÆ Z nby d v m¯¦ v b evmbvq AZ‡
µ ¦ wK¯§ ‘jvjmvjy
’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆ Z
wZwb `Gg hvIqvi gvbyl bb| Zvi msMVGbi ˆQGjGgGqiv AvR àYx wkÞvwe`, iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q wKQyUv cwicƒYÆ|” KxfvGe eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
mvsevw`K, cÉkvmGbi KgÆKZÆv, wPwKrmvwe` AvGiv KZ mdj gvbyl| wZwb AvGjvwKZ N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
gvbyl wnGmGe mKGji gb AvbG±` fwiGq w`GqGQb| 10. ‘ŠQjviPi’ welLvjx b`xi ˆgvnbvq ˆRGM IVv Pi| cwjGZ DeÆi PGii f„wg|
K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ‘Avgvi c^’ AvgvGK Kx ˆ`LvGe? 1 ‰jvKvi Šejvg gwÍÏK PGii f„wg `LGji ˆjvf mvgjvGZ cvij bv| wK¯§ ‰jvKvi
L. “AvñvGK wPbGjB AvñwbfÆiZv AvGm|”@eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 mgvRGmeK Rwg`vGii wei‚G«¬ joGe ˆK? Šejvg ˆMvcGb mLÅ KGib Rwg`vGii `ƒi-
M. DóxcGK AvjGgi ˆbZ‡GZ½i Õ¼i…c ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ KxfvGe cÉwZdwjZ mÁ·GKÆi ævwZ fvB wcjy wmK`vGii mvG^| Zvi mnvqZvq Šejvg gwÍÏK ‰es Zvi PvUzKvi
nGqGQ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 3 evwnbx Pi `Lj KGi| ‰Lb ŠejvGgi bZzb PGii `vwqZ½ ˆbqv I ˆbZ‡GZ½i `vcU ˆ`LvGbvi
N. “gbylÅZ½ gvbylGK AvGjvi c^ ˆ`LvGZ cvGi” DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i mgq| ˆm wcjy wmK`vGii DG«¼vabx AbyÓ¤vGb DcwÕ©wZ Qvov ŠQjviPGii `vwqZ½ MÉnGY
AvGjvGK DwÚi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4 Abxnv ˆ`Lvq| ‰fvGe b`xi eyGK ˆRGM IVv bZzb PiwU Rwg`vGii ˆbZ‡Z½ nvivq|
L wefvM  KweZv K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆkl msjvc Kvi? 1
5. “Avevi Avwme wdGi avbwmwowUi ZxGi-‰B evsjvq L. “e†wUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb, ‰ eo jävi K^v”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
nqGZv gvbyl bq-nqGZvev k›LwPj kvwjGKi êGk M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Šejvg gwÍÏGKi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ‘wgiRvdi’
................................................................ PwiGòi Zzjbv KGiv| 3
Avevi Avwme Avwg evsjvi b`x gvV ˆÞZ fvGjvGeGm N. “DóxcGK ewYÆZ NUbv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi Ki‚Y cwiYwZi AvswkK
Rjvãxi ˆXDGq ˆfRv evsjvi ‰ meyR Ki‚Y WvOvq| QvqvwPò|”@ gZvgZ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
nqGZv ˆ`wLGe ˆPGq my`kÆb DwoGZGQ m®¬Åvi evZvGm| 11.  ‘ˆkvGbv, ‰Kw`b ‰B ˆ`kUvGZ
nqGZv ÷wbGe ‰K jßxGcuPv WvwKGZGQ wkgyGji WvGj|”
K. RGji ˆèx ˆK? 1 `vbGeiv ˆ`q nvbv
L. “ˆmLvGb ˆfvGii ˆgGN bvUvi iGOi gGZv RvwMGQ Ai‚Y”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 kKzGbiv ˆgGj Wvbv
M. DóxcGKi ˆkl Pvi PiGYi mvG^ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi ˆKvb cyGo QviLvi gvGVi kmÅ
w`KwU mv`†kÅcƒYÆ@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 gvbyGli AvÕ¦vbv|’
N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Kwei ‰B evsjvq wdGi Avmvi ˆh AvKzjZv Zvi h^v^Æ Dîi K. bevGei ˆMvj±`vR evwnbx ˆKvb Lvj ˆcwiGq QyGU AvmGQ? 1
wea†Z nGqGQ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq@ g¯¦eÅwUi cGÞ Aêv L. “wdGi ‰GmwQ ivRavbxGZ Õ¼vaxbZv eRvq ivLevi ˆkl ˆPÓ¡v Kie eGj|”@
wecGÞ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4 DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
6. “Mvwn mvGgÅi Mvb@ M. DóxcGKi ‘`vbGeiv’, ‘kKzGbiv’ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi KvGì mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?
gvbyGli ˆPGq eo wKQy bvB, bGn wKQy gnxqvb eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
bvB ˆ`k-Kvj-cvGòi ˆf`, AGf` agÆ RvwZ, N. “DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mvG^ KZUzKz ˆhvMmƒò Õ©vcb KGiGQ?”@
me ˆ`Gk, me KvGj, NGi NGi wZwb gvbyGli ævwZ|” weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
1. ‘weovj’ iPbv AbymvGi KvGì `íweavb mgvGRi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
‰Kv¯¦ KZÆeÅ? K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
K M†nGÕ©i L ˆPvGii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M abxGì N WvKvZGì 11. “cvwLiv bxGo NyGgvGe|”@ ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi 21. wfGÙvwiqv ˆgGgvwiqvj ˆKv^vq AewÕ©Z?
2. k¾÷Gii mvgGb AbycGgi gv^v ˆnuU KGi ivLvi ‰B PiY «¼viv ˆh welqwU cÉKvwkZ Zv nGjv@ K j´£Gb L XvKvq
KviY Kx? K cvwLiv ZvGì evmvq NygvGe M KjKvZvi N KivwPGZ
K k¾÷Gii eÅenvGi L c†wêxGZ AveviI kvw¯¦ wdGi AvmGe 22. AvnÐvw` I eyGov ingvGbi KbÅv@ Zviv `yRGbB@
L jävq M ˆKD cvwL aiGe bv K my±ìx L wbhÆvwZZv
M weGqi AvGqvRb ˆ`GL N c†wêx AviI ‰wMGq hvGe M wkwÞZv N AwkwÞZv
N gvgvi Mnbv cixÞvi KviGY 12. “evZvwe ˆbeyi dzj dzGUGQ wK?”@ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo 23. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ˆK nuvcvwb îvGM AvKÌv¯¦?
DóxcKwU cGo 3 I 4 bs cÉGk²i `vI: gGb’ KweZvi ‰B PiY «¼viv cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ@ K mGjgvGbi evc L KvjygwZ
Kwig mvGne wQGjb ‰KRb LuvwU gywÚGhv«¬v| K cËK‡wZi eYÆbv L MvGQi eYÆbv
M învb Avjx N gwR`
gywÚhyG«¬ wZwb ‰jvKvi hyeKGì wbGq cvKGmbvGì M Kwei nvnvKvi N Kwei eÅwÚMZ DœQ¾vm
DóxcKwU cGo 24 I 25 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI
wei‚G«¬ i‚GL ùvovb| hyG«¬i ˆkl w`GK wZwb 13. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq ˆKvb
Qby wgqv Zvi eo cwievGii fiYGcvlY KiGZ bv
cvKGmbvGì àwjGZ kwn` nb| Kwig mvGnGei gGZv NvGmi DGÍÏL cvIqv hvq?
ˆcGi wg^Åvi AvkÉq ˆbq| ‰Kw`b ivGZ ˆm Zvi evwoi
AvñZÅvMxGì RvwZ AvRI kÉ«¬vfGi ÕÃiY KGi| K `ƒeÆv L e^yqv
M kÅvgv N gayK„cx
mvgGb ‰KwU mvBbGevWÆ Uvãvq| ˆmLvGb ˆjLv ^vGK
3. DóxcGKi Kwig mvGnGei mvG^ ‘byij`xGbi K^v ˆh, ˆm Õ¼Gµ² AGjŒwKK ÞgZv ˆcGqGQ ‰es ‰i «¼viv
gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvi byij`xGbi ˆKvb 14. HKZvb’ KweZvq iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi ˆKvb ˆkÉwYi
KweGK Avn»vb KGiGQb@ hveZxq mgmÅvi mgvavb Kiv nq|
ŠewkGÓ¡Åi wgj iGqGQ@ 24. DóxcKwU wbGPi ˆKvb iPbvi mvG^ AwaKZi
K DuPz ˆkÉwYi L AævZRGbi
K ˆ`kGcÉwgK L AmnGhvMx mv`†kÅcƒYÆ@
M ALÅvZRGbi N wek¼cÉK‡wZi
M cËwZwnsmvcivqY N m¾v^Æci K ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i L wmivRDGóŒjv
4. Kwig mvGne I byij`xGbi K^v ÕÃiY nq@ DóxcKwU cGo 15 I 16 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
“`ƒGi wKsev KLGbv LyeB KvGQ M weovj N jvjmvjy
i. wbcxoGbi mgq 25. ‰B mv`†GkÅi KviY nGjv@
ii. ˆ`Gki KÌvw¯¦KvGj
hvGœQ ˆkvbv dzUdvU àwji AvIqvR, òvGm
eyK KuvGc, cvwi bv ÷GavGZ ˆK ˆKv^vq ˆMj gGi, i. wg^Åvi AvkÉq
iii. ewntkò‚i AvKÌgGYi mgq ii. agÆ eÅemv
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? `g e®¬ KGi Pzc KGi cGo ^vwK NGii KeGi|”
15. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i mv`†kÅ nGjv@ iii. hvwcZ RxeGbi fvi mBGZ bv cviv
K i I ii L i I iii wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
i. cuwPGk gvGPÆi ivGZi AvKÌgY
ii. gvbylGì aGi KÅvGÁ· wbGq hvIqv K i I ii L i I iii
5. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvi AcƒYÆ cGeÆi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. Mywji AvIqvR ÷bGZ cvIqv
Q±` wefvRb KZ gvòvi? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 26. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK gƒjZ wea†Z nGqGQ@
K 1 gvòvi L 2 gvòvi
K i I ii L i I iii K ˆjvf I ÞgZvi «¼±«¼
M 3 gvòvi N 4 gvòvi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L weËwUkGì ˆ`k cwiPvjbv
6. ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬ PvlvGì meÆÕ¼nxb nIqvi 16. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆh cÉmãwU M Myµ¦PiGì AÞgZv
KviY wnGmGe wbGPi ˆKvbwUi K^v DGÍÏL Kiv wgGj hvq@ N bevGei AGhvMÅZv
nGqGQ@ i. gywÚhy«¬ PjvKvjxb DóxcKwU cGo 27 I 28 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI@
K AvivgwcÉqZv L AvaywbK nGq hvIqv ii. wbhÆvwZZ evOvwj gbmyi, Acy, ZvGnimn ˆgvU evGivRb wgGj wbGRGì
M mfÅ nGq hvIqv N Rwg`viGì AZÅvPvi iii. gywÚhyG«¬i gvbyGli AvñZÅvM
7. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ eywoGK ˆK gv eGj mGÁ¼vab KGi? D®²wZi RbÅ ‰KwU mwgwZ MVGb KGi| mevB cÉwZ
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? gvGm cuvPk UvKv KGi ZvGnGii KvGQ Rgv ivGL|
K MÍ¸K^K L bGik K i I ii L ii I iii
M ÷Kzi Avjx N nvRiveÅvUvi eD
wKQyw`b ci ZvGni me UvKv wbGq cvwjGq hvq|
M i I iii N i, ii I iii 27. DóxcGKi ZvGni ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb
8. Mvwn mvGgÅi Mvb@ cO&wÚwUGZ cÉZÅvkv Kiv 17. “wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`” KweZvq ‘iveY’ AbyR
nGqGQ@ PwiGòi cÉwZwbwa?
ejGZ KvGK êvSvGbv nGqGQ? K ˆgvnb jvj L DwgPuv`
i. ŠelgÅnxb mgvReÅeÕ©v K KyÁ¿KYÆGK L wefxlYGK
M ivBmyj Rynvjv N wgiRvdi
ii. AmvÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbv M jßYGK N ivgGK
iii. AwaKvi mGPZbZv
28. DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb welqwU
18. Mx `Å ˆgvcvmuv KZ mvGj g†ZzÅeiY KGib? dzGU DGVGQ?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K 1892 L 1893
K mnGhvwMZv L ˆ`kG`ËvwnZv
K i I ii L i I iii M 1894 N 1895
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wek¼vmNvZKZv N m¾v^ÆciZv
DóxcKwU cGo 19 I 20 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI@
DóxcKwU cGo 9 I 10 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI@ 29. ‘‰KzGki K‡úP„ov AvgvGì ˆPZbviB is|’ ‰B
“b`x Kfz cvb bvwn KGi wbR Rj
ARq ivq Zuvi “Avw` evOvwj: b†Zvwî½K I mgvRZvw¯¨K Zi‚MY bvwn Lvq wbR wbR dj PiYwUi AvGMi PiY nj@
weGkÏlY” eBGq evOvwjRGbi b†Zvwî½K, mvgvwRK I K ‰ iGOi wecixZ AvGQ AbÅ is,
Mvfx Kfz bvwn KGi wbR `y™¬ cvb
mvsÕ•‡wZK cwiPq PgrKvifvGe dzwUGq ZzGjGQb| L gvbweK evMvb, Kgjeb nGœQ ZQbQ
KvÓ¤ `™¬ nGq KGi cGi A®² `vb
9. DóxcKwU ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi mvayi Hk¼hÆ ÷ay ciwnZ ZGi|” M kwn`Gì SjwKZ iGÚi ey«¼y`, ÕÃ†wZMG®¬
ˆKvb welqGK DcÕ©vcb KGi@ 19. DóxcKwU ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwUi ficyi|
K evOvwji msMÉvg L evOvwji ˆMŒie BwãZ KGi@ N ˆ`Ljvg mvjvGgi nvZ ˆ^GK bÞGòi gGZv
M evOvwji weRq N evOvwji HwZnÅ K ZÅvGMi L AnsKvGii 30. ‘‰ eqm RvGb iÚ`vGbi cyYÅ’@ ejGZ êvSvGbv
10. DÚ welGqi ˆcÉwÞGZ ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v M m¾v^ÆwP¯¦vi N ˆfvGMi nGqGQ@
ejwQ’ KweZvGK ejv hvq@ 20. DóxcK I ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i Šemv`†kÅ nGjv@ K AwaKvi Av`vGq iÚ`vb
i. AvñcwiPGqi KweZv i. AcGii AwbÓ¡ mvaGb L m¾vaxbZvi RbÅ iÚ`vb
ii. AvñmgvGjvPbvi KweZv ii. ˆmev`vGb M ˆ`Gki RbÅ iÚ`vb
iii. AvñGPZbvi KweZv iii. m¾v^ÆciZvq N kyf KjÅvY I my±`Gii RbÅ iÚ`vb
1 L 2 N 3 K 4 N 5 L 6 K 7 N 8 K 9 N 10 L 11 L 12 M 13 N 14 M 15 M
Dîi
16 N 17 L 18 L 19 K 20 L 21 M 22 L 23 K 24 N 25 N 26 K 27 N 28 M 29 M 30 N

K wefvM  M`Å K. gymjgvb, wLËÕ¡vb I Büw` mKGji RbÅ cyYÅÕ©vb Kx? 1
1. Avw^ÆKfvGe mœQj cwievGii wkwÞZ ˆQGj ˆKŒwkGKi gv-evev Zvi gZvgZ bv L. “‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eGov ˆKvGbv gw±ì-Kvev bvB|”@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
wbGqB myievjvi mGã weGq wVK KGi| myievjvi evevi AGXj mÁ·`| ˆMvcGb NUGKi M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘gvjv’ I ‘Zmwe’ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb welqàGjvi K^v
gaÅÕ©Zvq ‰ weGqGZ eicÞGK bM` UvKv, Mvwo ‰es XvKvi AwfRvZ ‰jvKvq ‰KwU ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
dÑÅvU ˆ`qvi wm«¬v¯¦ M†nxZ nq| ˆhŒZzGKi welqwU RvbGZ ˆcGi ˆKŒwkK I myievjv êuGK N. “AmvÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbvi ˆcÉÞvcGU DóxcK I ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZv Awf®²”@
eGm ‰es mÁ·ƒYÆ ˆhŒZzKwenxbfvGe ciÕ·i weGq Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq| g¯¦eÅwUi mv^ÆKZv wePvi KGiv| 4
K. AbycGgi evevi ˆckv Kx wQj? 1 7. mKj gnvgvbeB ˆPGqGQb wnsmv-ˆ«¼l I nvbvnvwbgyÚ ‰KwU evmGhvMÅ wbgÆj
L. “‰B ˆZv Avwg RvqMv cvBqvwQ|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 c†wêx| wnsmv Avi Õ¼v^ÆciZvi welevGÓ· ˆQGq ˆMGQ eZÆgvb wek¼| fvGjvevmvnxb,
M. DóxcGKi ˆKŒwkGKi mGã ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi Zzjbv KGiv| 3 Õ¼v^Æv®¬ I gvbweKZvkƒbÅ ‰gb c†wêxi K^v gnvgvbGeiv wP¯¦vI KGibwb| meÆò
N. “DóxcGK ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ mvgvwRK AmsMwZ AGbKvsGkB weivRgvb mKj A÷f kwÚi wkKoGK DcGo ˆdGj fvGjvevmv I gvbweKZvi Qvqv
cÉwZdwjZ|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 QwoGq w`GZ cviGjB evmGhvMÅ ‰KwU wbgÆj c†wêxi Õ¼µ² evÕ¦evqb mÁ¿e|
2. gywÚi gw±ì ˆmvcvbZGj K. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ? 1
KZ cÉvY nj ewj`vb, L. “bÞòLwPZ AvKvk ˆ^GK Avàb SiGe bv”@ welqwU eywSGq `vI| 2
ˆjLv AvGQ AkÉ‚RGj M. DóxcGKi gnvgvbeGì PvIqvi mvG^ ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi Kwei PvIqvi mv`†kÅ
KZ weµÏex e®¬yi iGÚ ivOv,
ew±`kvjvi IB wkKj fvOv ZzGj aGiv| 3
Zuviv wK wdwiGe AvR mycÉfvGZ, N. “DóxcGKi gƒ j fve ‘ˆmB AÕ¨ ’ KweZvi gƒ j fveGK AGbKvsGkB aviY KiGZ
hZ Zi‚Y Ai‚Y ˆMGQ AÕ¦vPGj| ˆcGiGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwUi hv^v^ÆÅ wbi…cY KGiv| 4
K. eãe®¬yGK WvGei cvwb LvBGq w`Gq Abkb fvOvb ˆK? 1 M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
L. “fimv nGjv, Avi `gvGZ cviGe bv|”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 2 8. b`xfvOGb meÆÕ¼v¯¦ nGZ eGmGQ kÅvgjQvqv MÉvGgi ˆLGU LvIqv gvbyGliv|
M. DóxcKwU ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvi mGã KxfvGe mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 3 RxweKv wbeÆvGni Avkvq ZvGì AGbGKB QyUGQ `ƒi-`ƒivG¯¦| AwbwøZ fwelÅr ˆRGbI
N. “DóxcGKi fveGPZbvq ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvi eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi Zviv fvMÅ cwieZÆGbi Õ¼Gµ² weGfvi| fvMÅ-weowÁ¼Z ‰gbB ‰K hyeK kwdGKi VuvB
ingvGbi AvñZÅvGMi QweB cÉgƒZÆ nGq DGVGQ|”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 nq knGii ewÕ¦GZ| wiKkv PvjvGbv w`Gq RxweKv ÷i‚ KiGjI A‹ea eÅemvi mGã
3. ˆKv^v nGZ ˆKvb cG^ ˆKgb KGi gywÚGdŒR AvGm, AvKÌgY KGi ‰es cÉwZAvKÌgY hyÚ nGq cÉfve-cÉwZcwîmn ‰Lb ˆm AwfRvZ ‰jvKvi evwm±`v|
KiGj ˆKv^vq nvIqv nGq hvq LvbGmbviv Zvi inmÅ ˆf` KiGZ cvGi bv| KLbI KLbI K. ‘êPvBb’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
LZibvK AeÕ©vi gGaÅ coGZ nq| nvU-evRvGii ˆjvKRb, wgj-dÅvÙwii kÉwgK, L. “wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm ˆPvL|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
ˆ`vKvb`vi, Õ•zjgvÕ¡vi, Qvò mKjGK KvZview±` KGi e±`yGKi bj DuwPGq wRævmv M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Amnvq gvbylGì RxebvPiGYi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
KiGQ, ‘gywÚ wKavi nÅvq êvjv|’@ ‰K Dîi@ Iiv RvGb bv| ˆKvb welGqi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
K. “DI Avc wn Kn mvKZv|”@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1 N. “DóxcGKi kwdK ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` DfGqi gGaÅB AwÕ¦Z½ev`x
L. “Uzwci ˆZR wK cvwbGZI jvMj bvwK?”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 2 ˆPZbv cÉwZdwjZ|”@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
M. “‰w`GK bvwK ˆbŒKv KGi PGj AvGm ˆÕ¡bMvbIqvjv ˆQvKivi `j|”@ 9. evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU ˆQvë Rbc` em¯¦cyi| mfÅ RxeGbi ˆKvGbv ˆQuvqv ‰LvGb ˆbB|
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ‰ cÉmãwU DóxcGKi welGqi mvG^ KxfvGe mv`†kÅcƒYÆ@
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 AmyGL-wemyGL Aveyj wgqvi Õ¼Gµ² cvIqv ZvweR, SvoduyK, cvwbcovB ZvGì ‰Kgvò
N. “DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸ Dfq ˆÞGòB ˆMwijvhyG«¬i ˆMŒieMuv^v ewYÆZ fimv| ‰ MÉvGgi ˆgGq nbydv wbiÞi nGjI Zvi K^vevZÆv I wP¯¦vGPZbvq eyw«¬gîvi Qvc
nGqGQ|”@ h^v^ÆZv hvPvB KGiv| 4 Õ·Ó¡| Aveyj wgqvi Õ¼Gµ² cvIqv ˆKivgwZGZ ˆm AvG`Œ wek¼vm KGi bv| MÉvgevmxGì ˆm
4. dwi`cyi ˆRjvi NGi NGi ŠZwi nGœQ bKwkKuv^v| Kuv^v ˆmjvB KGi AGbGKB Aveyj wgqvi fívwg mÁ·GKÆ mGPZb KGi ‰es ˆhGKvGbv AmyÕ©Zvq Aveyj wgqvi KvGQ bv
mœQjZvi gyL ˆ`GLGQ| bvixiv knGii wewf®² Õ©vGb Õ¼-DG`ÅvGM bKwkKuv^vi wMGq kZ KÓ¡ nGjI WvÚvGii KvGQ hvIqvi civgkÆ ˆ`q|
ˆ`vKvb cwiPvjbv KGi Õ¼vejÁ¼x nGq DGVGQ| knGii AwjMwjGZ AvR ˆPvGL cGo K. AvØvGmi evevi bvg Kx? 1
AmsLÅ nÕ¦wkGÍ¸i ˆ`vKvb| ˆ`vKvGbi cYÅàGjv ˆ`Gki evRvi QvwoGq weG`Gki L. “ˆhb wekvj mƒGhÆv`q nGqGQ, Avi ˆm AvGjvq cÉ`xGci AvGjv wbwøn× nGq
evRvGiI Õ©vb KGi wbGœQ| ZvB ‰Lb ‰ ˆRjvi ˆmÐvMvb nGœQ| ˆMGQ|”@ welqwU eywSGq `vI| 2
“dwi`cyGii bKwkKuv^v, evsjvG`Gki Õ¼eÆMuv^v”| M. DóxcGKi em¯¦ciy MÉvGgi gvbyGli ˆPZbvi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
K. K‡lKcðx KxGmi wewbgGq KbÅv weKÌq KiZ? 1 gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gvbyGli ˆPZbvi mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
L. “wkGi w`Gq euvKv ZvR N. “DóxcGKi nbydv Avi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv ‰GK AcGii cwicƒiK|”@
ˆXGK ivGL UvK|”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 2 g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGKi welqeÕ§i mGã ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i welqeÕ§i Šemv`†kÅ wbi…cY N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
KGiv| 3 10. gnvKwe evÍÂxwKi ‘ivgvqY’ ‰K AG^Æ AvhÆ I AbvhÆ msÕ•‡wZi cÉwZf„|
N. “‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjwLKv ˆh Avkvev` eÅÚ KGiGQb DóxcGK Zvi mv^ÆK ivgvqGYi KvwnwbGK be AvwãGK ˆXGj mvRvb gvBGKj gaymƒ`b `î| ˆgNbv`
cÉwZdjb NGUGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 PwiòwU Zuvi ‰K AmvaviY m†wÓ¡| mxgvnxb ˆ`kGcÉg I AmvaviY exiZ½ mGî½I
L wefvM  KweZv M†nkò‚ wefxlGYi KviGY ZvGK Ki‚Y cwiYwZ eiY KiGZ nq| ˆgNbvGì civRGqi
5. Avwid I ˆmvGnGji R¯Ã I êGo IVv gvngy`cyi MÉvGg| cvk¼eÆ ZÆx Kvwkcyi gaÅ w`Gq ivg-iveY hyG«¬ weRq mƒwPZ nq AvhÆ kwÚi|
MÉvGgi gvbyGli mvG^ gvngy`cyievmxGì «¼±«¼ wPiKvGji| KvwkcyGii ‰K ˆgGqi K. “AvgvGì KviI A`†Ó¡ ˆgNgyÚ ˆ^vKGe bv ˆkVwR|”@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1
mGã ˆmvGnGji n†`q ˆÌqv-ˆbIqv| avb KvUvGK ˆK±`Ê KGi Dfq MÉvgevmxi gGaÅ L. “Avgvi mviv AwÕ¦Z½ RyGo ˆKej ˆhb ˆ`qvGji wfo|”@ eywSGq `vI| 2
gvivgvwi jvMvi DcKÌg nGj Avwid MÉvGgi mKjGK ˆWGK Avbv, jvwVGmuvUv ˆRvMvo M. DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv|3
Kiv, RxeGbi ˆZvqvØv bv KGi MÉvGgi BäZ iÞvq hLb KvwkcyievmxGì cÉwZnZ N. “DóxcGKi ˆgNbv` ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wmivR Pwiò ˆ`kGcÉGgi
Kivi cwiKÍ¸bv KGi ZLb ÷ayB ˆcÉGgi UvGb cwievi, mgvR I ‰jvKvi Õ¼v^Æ ‰K Abycg cÉZxK|”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
Rjvéwj w`Gq ˆmvGnj KvwkcyievmxGì KvGQ gvngy`cyi MÉvGgi mKj cÉÕ§wZ I
ˆKŒkGji K^v duvm KGi ˆ`q| 11. ‘wemRÆb’ bvUGK m¯¦vbZzjÅ QvMwk÷GK ˆèxi gw±`Gi ewj ˆÌqvi KviGY
K. iveGYi gaÅg mGnvì ˆK? 1 ˆkvKvZÆ wfLvix AcYÆv| ˆm ivRv ˆMvwe±` gvwYGKÅi KvGQ wePvicÉv^Æx nq| m¯¦vbnviv
L. “Ze evGKÅ BwœQ gwievGi!”@ eywSGq eGjv| 2 wfLvixi `ytL ivRwPîGK AvnZ KGi| ivRv ivGRÅ c÷ewj wbwl«¬ ˆNvlYv KGib
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ˆmvGnGji mGã ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi ˆKvb wK¯§ Zuvi ‰ AvG`k ˆgGb wbGZ cvGi bv ivR-cyGivwnZ iNycwZ| wZwb ivRvi AbyR
PwiGòi wgj cvIqv hvq? KxfvGe? 3 bÞò ivqGK ivRÅGjvGf ek KGi ivRvGK nZÅv KiGZ ivwR Kivb|
N. “DóxcGKi AvwiGdi gGaÅ ‰jvKvi RbÅ ˆh ggZ½Geva cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ K. beve wmivRDGóŒjv ˆKv^vq ew±` nb? 1
‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq Zv eÅvcKZv jvf KGiGQ|”@ wePvi KGiv|4 L. “fxi‚ cÉZviGKi `j wPiKvjB cvjvq|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
6. me ˆjvGK Kq jvjb Kx RvZ msmvGi? M. DóxcGKi bÞò ivGqi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi NGmwU êMGgi mv`†kÅ
jvjb Kq, RvGZi Kx i…c, ˆ`Ljvg bv ‰ bRGi| ˆ`LvI| 3
ˆKD gvjv ˆKD Zmwe Mjvq, ZvBGZv Kx RvZ wf®² ejvq, N. “DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi welqeÕ§i AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ|”@
hvIqvi wKsev Avmvi êjvq, RvGZi wPn× iq Kvi î| ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
1. wgiRvdi 1757 mvGji KZ ZvwiGL evsjvi 12. ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq “fvjevmv 20. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq ˆmŒwgwò ˆK?
gmbG` eGmb? w`Gj gv gGi hvq”@ PiYwUi ZvrchÆ Kx? K ˆgNbv` L jßY
K 22 Ryb L 23 Ryb K gvGqi ˆQGjGì PGj hvIqv M wefxlY N iveY
M 25 Ryb N 29 Ryb L gvGqi MÍ¸ ÷bGZ bv cviv 21. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ “ILvbv cyiGbv nGq ˆfGO hvGœQ”@
2. ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvq “RvGMv M ˆQGji RbÅ gvGqi DrK¥¤v Kx?
evGn, ˆKvbGV mevq?”@ K^vwUi ZvrchÆ Kx? N ˆ`Gki RbÅ m¯¦vGbi gvqvZÅvM K Ni L bwo
K mKj AbÅvq `ƒi Kivi Avn»vb wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 13 I 14 bs cÉGk²i Dîi M PvUvB N Kei
L wechÆÕ¦ AeÕ©v ˆ^GK DîiGYi Avn»vb `vI@ 22. “‰ ˆ`Gki eyGK AvVvGiv AvmyK ˆbGg”@
M fxZ RbZvGK ˆWGK ˆZvjv evRvGi fvGjv `vg bv cvIqvq iwng Avi ZuvZ êvGb AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi PiYwUGZ Kwei
N RbZvGK weÞzº¬ I mvnmx KGi ˆZvjv bv| Zvi ˆgavex ˆQGjwU ˆjLvcovi duvGK duvGK ˆKvb gvbwmKZv cÉKvwkZ?
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 3 I 4 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: cwòKv wewKÌ KGi Avi ivGZ ˆLGU LvIqv `vwiG`ËÅi i. cÊ^ve«¬ RxeGbi
aƒZÆ Zzwnb mvaviY gvbyGli AwkÞv I agÆfxwZGK KvGR ii. Dóxcbv I mvnwmKZvi
BwZe†î iPbv KGi|
jvwMGq ‰jvKvevmxGì wbq¯Ÿ KGi ‰es ZvweR wewKÌ I iii. Pjvi `yeÆvi MwZi
13. DóxcGKi iwng ZuvwZi ˆQGji mGã ‘HKZvb’
cvwb cov w`Gq A^Æ DcvRÆb KGi| Zvi Õ¨x mnR-mij KweZvi Kvi mv`†kÅ weivRgvb? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
ˆkvfv Õ¼vgxi cÉwZ wek¼vm, AvÕ©v I wbfÆiZvq A®¬| K i I ii L i I iii
K ˆh AvGQ gvwUi KvQvKvwQ
3. DóxcGKi ˆkvfv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L ˆh^v Zvi hZ DGV a»wb
PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 23 I 24 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI
M bZwki Õ¦º¬ hviv
K AvGgbv L iwngv
myRGbi ˆQvU fvBGqi weGqi AbyÓ¤vGb Lvevi Pzwi
N gƒK hviv `ytGL myGL
M Rwgjv N Zvbywewe
KiGZ wMGq ‰K wfÞzK gvi Lvq| ˆcGUi `vGqB Pzwi
14. DóxcGK ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi ŠewkÓ¡Å KxfvGe KGiGQ ‰ K^v eySGZ ˆcGi Avi Pzwi bv Kivi kGZÆ
4. DóxcGKi Zzwnb I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` cÉwZdwjZ?
DfGqiB AG^ÆvcvRÆGbi ˆKŒkj@ myRb ZvGK ˆQGo ˆ`q|
K meÆcÉv¯¦Õ·kÆx mgÕ¼q 23. DóxcGKi myRGbi mGã ‘weovj’ iPbvi ˆKvb
i. cÊZviYv L mZÅ I KGgÆi A®¼q PwiGòi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ?
ii. cËfve weÕ¦vi M m¾ZtÕ¹„ZÆ Õ¼xKvGivwÚ K cËm®² L IGqwjsUb
iii. eÅvKzjZv N Rxebavivi mvgÅ M ˆbGcvwjqvb N KgjvKv¯¦
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 15. “evsjvG`k ˆh Avcbvi KvGQ ˆ^GK AGbK wKQy 24. DóxcGK ‘weovj’ iPbvi ˆh fvGei cÉKvk NGUGQ
Ki L iii cÉZÅvkv KGi”@ DwÚwU «¼viv ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ Zv nGjv@
Mi I ii N ii I iii
iPbvq Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? i. ÞzwaGZi cÉwZ mgGe`bv
5. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi MVbMZ weGklZ½ Kx? K eãe®¬yi msMÉvgx AvñRxebx ˆjLvi myGhvM ii. AcivaxGK msGkv`Gbi ˆPÓ¡v
K mnR MwZgqZv L mvejxjZv
L eãe®¬yi wewPò AwfæZv I ivR‹bwZK iii. AcivGai bMYÅZv
M Amg ceÆwebÅÕ¦Zv N QG±`vgqZv
chÆGeÞY wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
wbGPi D`xcKwU co ‰es 6 I 7 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K i I ii L i I iii
M evqv®²i fvlv AvG±`vjGb eãe®¬yi AvcmnxbZv
Õ¼vgxi a‹bk¼GhÆ gy™¬ wbiÞi I my±ìx mvjgv wbqZ N gywÚKvgx gvbyGli RbÅ eãe®¬yi mdj ˆbZ‡Z½ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
bZzb Õ¼Gµ²i Rvj êvGb| Õ¼vgxi KvGQ Zvi evqbvi ˆkl wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 16 I 17 bs cÉGk²i Dîi 25. ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq ‘ˆ`Dj’ kGõi A^Æ Kx?
ˆbB| ‰K ggÆvw¯¦K moK `yNÆUbvq Õ¼vgx gvbwmKfvGe `vI: K gw±ì L Avevm
cãyZ½eiY KiGj wk÷m¯¦vbmn mvjgv w`Gknviv nGq M ˆèZv N Zx^ÆGÞò
kvgmyävgvGbi evev Abv^ nvweeGK jvjb-cvjb
hvq| wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 26 I 27 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI
6. DóxcGK mvjgvi mGã ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i KGib| kvgmyävgvGbi mGã Zvi PvPv ˆgvZvGjGei
weGiva euvaGj AG^Æi ˆjvGf ˆgvZvGjGei wbG`ÆGk nvwee RxeGbi meGÞGò mdj AvKvk wK¯§ Zvi mvdjÅ Zvi
gvwZj`vi Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ w`K ˆKvbwU? gvGK AvGjvwoZ KGi bv| gvGqi mgÕ¦ A¯¦i RyGo
K AwkÞv L ˆmŒ±`hÆ
kvgmyävgvbGK nZÅv KGi|
16. DóxcGKi nvweGei gGaÅ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ AKvGj nvwiGq hvIqv Avwei|
M mœQjZv N m¾µ²gqZv 26. DóxcGKi Avwei ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq
7. ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å DóxcGK bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi mv`†kÅ ˆgGj?
K ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM L wgib
KxGmi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi?
cÉwZwewÁ¼Z? K emG¯¦i L Kwei
M DwgPuv` N wgiRvdi
K NUbvi AvKwÕÃKZv L AfÅÕ¦Zv M kxGZi N cÉK‡wZi
M bv±`wbKZv N AcwiYvg`wkÆZv
17. mv`†GkÅi KviY nGjv, DfGqB@
27. DóxcK I ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZv Dfq
8. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi gƒjfve Kx? i. K†ZN³
ˆÞGòB cÉKvwkZ@
K ˆjvKv¯¦Gii fvebv ii. ÞgZvGjvfx
i. wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ê`bv
L ˆPZbvi Awb±`Å cÉKvk iii. A^ÆGjvfx ii. eÅwÚRxeGbi wiÚZv
M KveÅ-m†wÓ¡i ˆcÉiYv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? iii. mvdGjÅi cÉwZ D`vmxbZv
N m†wÓ¡i AekÅÁ¿vex weRq K i I ii L i I iii wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
9. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ fxZz byi‚j ü`vi mvnmx nGq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii
IVvi gƒj KviY@ 18. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm “fvs-MuvRv LvIqv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K wgmwKÌGq´ŸGì wVKvbv imKmkƒbÅ nvowMGj ˆPnviv”@ Kvi? 28. ‘RvwZZvwî½K Rv`yNi’ evsjvG`Gki ˆKv^vq
L mçvwiZ DúZv I ˆ`kGcÉg K gwRGì L `y`ywgqvi AewÕ©Z?
M KzwjGì AvÕ¦vbv ˆPbv M KÁ·vD´£vGii N ajv wgqvi K avbgwí L ivRkvnx
N ˆMwijvGì mGã AuvZvZ 19. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ wcucovGK c†wêxi M kvnevM N PëMÉvg
10. iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi KZ wLËÓ¡vGõ R¯ÃMÉnY KGib? ˆkÉÓ¤ cÉRvwZ wnGmGe kbvÚ Kivi KviY Kx? 29. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬ ˆKvb e†w«¬ gvbylGK AbÅ
K 1838 L 1841 K myweGePK wcucov gvbyGli gGZv ˆÕ¼œQv cÉvYx ˆ^GK Avjv`v KGiGQ?
M 1861 N 1899 a»smKvix bq K m†wÓ¡kxj L cwicƒYÆ
11. ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬ îkwg i‚gvGji R¯Ãf„wg L wcucov mgvR, cwiGek I c†wêx mÁ·GKÆ M mvabvjº¬ N AvwñK
Abym®¬vb KiGZ wMGq jWÆ KvigvBGKj ˆKvb mGPZb 30. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq i…cmx
Õ©vb LyuGR ˆcGjb? M wcucov wbGRi kixGii ˆPGq `k àY IRb k›Lgvjvi kvwoi is Kx?
K Avmvg L gywkÆ`vev` enb KiGZ cvGi K njy` L meyR
M iscyi N DwolÅv N wcucov WvBGbvmGii hyM ˆ^GK êuGP AvGQ M bxj N jvj
1 N 2 K 3 L 4 M 5 K 6 M 7 N 8 N 9 L 10 M 11 L 12 N 13 K 14 L 15 N
Dîi
16 K 17 L 18 M 19 K 20 L 21 M 22 M 23 N 24 K 25 K 26 M 27 K 28 N 29 N 30 K
24. wmGjU êvWÆ 2019

[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@ Wvb cvGk DwÍÏwLZ msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM mnKvGi co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI| M`Å Ask ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg `ywU, KweZv Ask ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg `ywU,
DcbÅvm Ask ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU I bvUK Ask ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| ‰KB cÉGk²vîGi mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÉY `ƒlYxq|]
K wefvM  M`Å K. Kwe mywdqv Kvgvj KZ mvGj g†ZzÅeiY KGib? 1
1. `kg ˆkÉwYi Qvòx Avmgv ‰K `wi`Ë wcZvi m¯¦vb| MÉvGgi cÉfvekvjx eÅwÚ L. “ˆKv^v Ze be cyÓ· mvR?@” DwÚwU eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
MIni gíj ˆRvicƒeÆK AvmgvGK cyòeay evbvGZ Pvq| ügwK ˆ`q ZzGj wbGq M. DwÚwUGZ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ@ g¯¦eÅwU
hvIqvi| ‰B cwiwÕ©wZGZ Avmgvi ev®¬exiv cvGk ‰Gm ùvovq| gíGji eLvGU weGkÏlY KGiv| 3
ˆQGji nvGZ cGo ˆgavex Qvòx Avmgvi ˆjLvcov a»sm ˆnvK Zviv Pvq bv| ev®¬exiv N. DóxcGKi K^GKi n†`q ê`bv ˆhb ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi gƒjmyi@
welqwU Õ©vqxq mvsevw`K I KGqKRb MYÅgvbÅ eÅwÚGK Rvbvq| Zviv `jGeuGa hywÚmn weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
Õ•zGj hvq ‰es cvjv KGi Avmgvi evwo cvnviv ˆ`q| ‰GZ `Gg hvq MIni gíj| 7. bvBGKv ‰LvGb Kvjv I ajvi Avjv`v wMRÆv-Ni,
Rq nq mwÁÃwjZ cÉwZGivGai| bvBGKv cvBK-eiK±`vR bvB cywjGki Wi|
K. ‘mvjwZ’ Kx? 1 ‰B ˆmB Õ¼MÆ, ‰B ˆmB êGnk&Z, ‰LvGb weGf` bvB,
L. ‘eyGov ingvb QjQj ˆPvGL ZvKvq AvnÐvwì w`GK|”@ ˆKb? eywSGq `vI| 2 hZ nvZvnvwZ nvGZ nvZ îGL wgwjqvGQ fvB fvB!
M. DóxcGKi MIni gíj ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? bvBGKv ‰LvGb aGgÆi ˆf` kvGÕï ˆKvjvnj,
ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 3 cv`wi-cyi‚Z-ˆgvÍÏv-wfÞz ‰K ™ÏvGm Lvq Rj|
N. “‘Rq nq mwÁÃwjZ cÉwZGivGai’@ ‰ K^v ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆÞGòI mgfvGe K. ˆ`Dj kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
cÉGhvRÅ”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 L. “ˆ`vKvGb ˆKb ‰ ì KlvKwl? cG^ ˆdvGU ZvRv dzj|”@ cO&wÚwU eÅvLÅv
2. nqGZv wKQyB bvwn cve KGiv| 2
M. DóxcGK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆh w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ, Zvi cwiPq `vI| 3
ZeyI ˆZvgvq Avwg `ƒi nGZ fvGjvGeGm hve\
N. “cv`wi-cyi‚Z-ˆgvÍÏv-wfÞz ‰K ™ÏvGm Lvq Rj|”@ ‰B DwÚi AvGjvGK
hw` IGMv KuvG` ˆgvi fxi‚ fvGjvevmv,
‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi bvgKiGYi mv^ÆKZv wePvi KGiv| 4
Rvwb Zzwg eywSGe bv Zey Zvwi fvlv,
M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
ˆZvgvwi RxeGb KuvUv Avwg, ˆKb wgGQ fve\
K. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MÍ¸wU cÉ^g ˆKv^vq cÉKvwkZ nq? 1 8. Rvb bv wK Zzwg, î êCgvb
L. ‘Zvici eywSjvg, gvZ‡f„wg AvGQ|’@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2 AvÍÏvn meÆkwÚgvb
M. DóxcGKi K^GKi gGbi fve ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi gGbvfvGei mvG^ ˆ`wLGQb ˆZvi mewKQy?
KZUzKz mÁ·wKÆZ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 Rve»v ˆRve»v w`Gq âuvKv
N. DóxcGK ‘AcwiwPZv MGÍ¸i AvswkK fve cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 w`we AvÍÏvGi, IGi êvKv
ˆKqvgGZ nGe gv^v wbPz|
3. ivÓ¡Çfvlv evsjv PvB ‰B `vweGZ agÆNU
K. ˆK RwgjvGK cÉ^g gwR`GK ˆ`Lvq? 1
eiKZ mvjvGgi LyGb jvj XvKv ivRc^\ L. “MÉvGgi ˆjvGKiv ˆhb iwngviB AbÅ msÕ•iY|”@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
ÕÃ†wZGmŒa fvwOqvQ ˆRGMGQ cvlvGYi cÉvY M. DóxcGKi êCgvb ‘jvjmvjyi’ ˆKvb PwiòwUGK BwãZ KGi@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
ˆgviv wK fzwjGZ cvwi LyGb ivOv Rq wbkvb\ N. ‘jvjmvjyi’ ˆKvb w`KwU DóxcGKi mvG^ mÁ·KÆhyÚ@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
K. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ cÉeG®¬ ˆWcywU ˆRjvGii bvg Kx? 1
9. w`bvRcyi ˆgwWGKj KGjR ˆ^GK WvÚvwi we`Åv ARÆb KGi Rbve ˆgvkviGdi
L. “evevi KvGji RxebUv ˆhb ivÕ¦vq bv hvq”@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
ˆQGj evµ¸x webqcyi MÉvGg ‰KwU nvmcvZvj Õ©vcGbi DG`ÅvM ˆbq| wK¯§ AwkwÞZ
M. DóxcGKi “ivÓ¡Çfvlv evsjv PvB ‰B `vweGZ agÆNU” DwÚwUi AvGjvGK ‘evqv®²i
MÉvgevmx ‰i cÉwZev` Rvbvq| MÉvgevmx gGb KGi nvmcvZvj ŠZwi nGj KvUvGQuov
w`bàGjv’ iPbvi mv`†kÅ eYÆbv KGiv| 3 KiGZ wMGq WvÚviiv gvbyl ˆgGi ˆdjGe| ZvGì KvGQ WvÚvi gvGbB KmvB| Zvi
N. DóxcGKi NUbvi AvGjvGK ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvi gƒjfve weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 ˆPGq MÉvGgi KweivR, dwKi‹e`Å, SvodzuGKB ZvGì RbÅ gãj| KmvB
4. nqGZvev BwZnvGm ˆZvgvGì bvg ˆjLv iGe bv WvÚviLvbvi ìKvi ˆbB|
eo eo ˆjvGKGì wfGo ævbx Avi àYxGì AvmGi K. AvØvGmi evevi bvg Kx? 1
ˆZvgvGì K^v ˆKD KGe bv, Zey ‰B weRqx exi gywÚGmbv L. ‘`ywbqvUv eo wewPò RvqMv’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
ˆZvgvGì ‰B FY ˆKvGbvw`b ˆkva nGe bv\ M. DóxcK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi mv`†kÅ AvGQ wK? eYÆbv KGiv| 3
K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ wcqGbi bvg Kx? 1 N. ‘jvjmvjyi’ AvØvm I DóxcGKi evµ¸xi gvbwmKZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
L. ‘KÌvK WvDGbi ivZ’ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2 N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
M. “DóxcGKi gywÚGmbv ˆhb ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i wg´ŸzGK gGb KwiGq ˆ`q”@ 10. ˆKDGZv RvGb bv cÉvGYi AvKzwZ evGievGi ˆm wK Pvq
eYÆbv KGiv| 3 Õ¼vG^Æi UvGb wcÉqRb ˆKb `ƒGi mGi PGj hvq
N. “‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gƒjfve DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB aiYxi eyGK cvkvcvwk Zey ˆKD eywS KvGiv bq\
KGiv| 4 K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi Z‡Zxq AGâ `†kÅ msLÅv KZ? 1
L wefvM  KweZv L. ‘Avmvwgi ˆm AwaKvi ^vGK bvwK?”@ ˆK, KvGK, KLb eGjwQj? eYÆbv KGiv|2
5. ‰B c«Âv ‰B ˆgNbv, ‰B nvRvi b`xi AeevwnKvq M. “DóxcGKi w«¼Zxq jvBbwU ˆhb ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi NGmwU êMgGK
‰LvGb igYxàGjv b`xi gGZv, b`x I bvixi gGZv K^v Kq\ BwãZ KiGQ”@ g¯¦eÅwU eywSGq ˆjGLv| 3
‰B AevwiZ meyGRi cÉv¯¦ QuyGq N. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi N†wYZ I wbw±`Z AaÅvqwU weGkÏlY
wbfÆGq bxjvKvk iGqGQ byGq KGiv| 4
ˆhb n†`Gqi fvGjvevmv n†`Gq ˆdvGU 11. RGe`v LvZzGbi Lye KvGQi ˆjvK wQj ˆgvLGjQvi ingvb| RGe`v LvZzb
Avb±` ê`bvq wgjb wein msKGU\ wek¼vm KGi Zvi RwgRgv ˆ`Lv÷bvi fvi ˆ`b ˆgvLGjQvi ingvbGK| wK¯§ ‰Kw`b
K. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©” KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ? 1 RGe`v LvZzb ˆ`GLb Zvi mÁ·wî ˆgvLGjQvi ingvGbi bvGg nGq AvGQ| wZwb
L. “gy™¬ giY euvGK euvGK”@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2 fveGjb ‰Zw`b fzj gvbylGK wek¼vm KGiGQb| wek¼vm Kiv fvGjv wK¯§ A®¬wek¼vm
M. “DóxcGK ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©” KweZvi ˆKvb w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ KLGbv KLGbv gvbylGK cG^ ewmGq ˆ`q|
nGqGQ?” eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. wmivRDGóŒjvi Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
N. DóxcKwU mgMÉ KweZvi gƒjfve aviY KGiwb@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 L. “iRvi ˆWÈK cÉvYfGq KzKzGii gGZv jÅvR àwUGq cvwjGqGQ”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
6. AvR Zzwg ˆbB mvG^ fzGj ^vKv QjbvGZ M. DóxcGKi ˆgvLGjQvi ˆhb ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdiGK BwãZ
gGb gGb fvwe ÷ay ˆZvgvwi K^v| KGi|@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
cvIqv bv cvIqvi gvGS AGPbvi myi evGR, N. “wek¼vm Kiv fvGjv wK¯§ A®¬wek¼vm gvbylGK KLGbv KLGbv cG^ ewmGq
myiwfZ weiGni gig eÅ^v| ˆ`q”@ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvGjvGK g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
1. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ K^KGK ˆK cÉ^g eywoi g†ZzÅmsev` 12. “fvGjvevmv w`Gj gv gGi hvq”@ “Avwg 21. “hZ eo gyL bq ZZ eo K^v” wmivRDGóŒjv
RvwbGqwQj? wKse`w¯¦ K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq PiYwUi A^Æ Kx? bvUGK msjvcwU Kvi?
K bvZ RvgvB L nvRiv eÅvUvi eD K gvGqi ˆQGjGì PGj hvIqv K bevGei L njIGqGji
M w`MÁ¼ix N NyuwU ˆMvqvwjbx L gvGqi MÍ¸ ÷bGZ bv cviv M DwgPuvGì N ˆKÑUGbi
2. “muGc AvñvGK kcGî ˆKvjvnGj”@ ‘AvVvGiv M ˆQGji RbÅ gvGqi DrK¥¤v 22. ‘byij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvi “RvGMv
eQi eqm’ KweZvi PiYwUGZ Kx cÉKvwkZ? N ˆ`Gki RbÅ m¯¦vGbi gvqvZÅvM
evGn, ˆKvbGV mevq”@ K^vwUi ZvrchÆ Kx?
K mvnwmKZv L mngwgÆZv K mKj AbÅvq `ƒi Kivi Avn»vb
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 13 I 14 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
M c`GÞGci `†pZv N Zvi‚GYÅi Þzº¬Zv L wechÆÕ¦ AeÕ©v ˆ^GK DîiGYi Avn»vb
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 3 I 4 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI@ `vI: M fxZ RbZvGK ˆWGK ˆZvjv
myRGbi ˆQvU fvBGqi weGqi AbyÓ¤vGb Lvevi Pzwi evRvGi fvGjv `vg bv cvIqvq iwng Avi ZuvZ êvGb bv| N RbZvGK weÞzº¬ I mvnmx KGi ˆZvjv
KiGZ wMGq ‰K wfÞzK gvi Lvq| ˆcGUi `vGqB Pzwi Zvi ˆgavex ˆQGjwU ˆjLvcovi duvGK duvGK cwòKv wewKÌ wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 23 I 24 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
KGiGQ ‰ K^v eySGZ ˆcGi Avi Pzwi bv Kivi kGZÆ KGi Avi ivGZ ˆLGU LvIqv `vwiG`ËÅi BwZe†î iPbv aƒZÆ Zzwnb mvaviY gvbyGli AwkÞv I agÆfxwZGK KvGR
myRb ZvGK ˆQGo ˆ`q| KGi| jvwMGq ‰jvKvevmxGì wbq¯Ÿ KGi ‰es ZvweR wewKÌ
3. DóxcGKi myRGbi mGã weovj iPbvi ˆKvb 13. DóxcGKi iwng ZuvwZi ˆQGji mGã ‘HKZvb’ I cvwbcov w`Gq A^Æ DcvRÆb KGi| Zvi Õ¨x mnR-
PwiGòi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? KweZvi Kvi mv`†kÅ weivRgvb? mij ˆkvfv Õ¼vgxi cÉwZ wek¼vm, AvÕ©v I wbfÆiZvq
K cÉm®² L IGqwjsUb K ˆh AvGQ gvwUi KvQvKvwQ A®¬|
M ˆbGcvwjqb N KgjvKv¯¦ L ˆh^v Zvi hZ DGV a»wb 23. DóxcGKi ˆkvfv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb
4. DóxcGK ‘weovj’ iPbvi ˆh fvGei cÉKvk NGUGQ M bZwki Õ¦º¬ hvi PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi?
Zv nGjv@ N gƒK hviv `ytGL myGL K AvGgbv L iwngv
i. ÞzwaGZi cÉwZ mgGe`bv 14. DóxcGK ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi ŠewkÓ¡Å KxfvGe M Rwgjv N Zvbywewe
ii. AcivaxGK msGkvaGbi ˆPÓ¡v
cÉwZdwjZ? 24. DóxcGKi Zzwnb I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR`
iii. AcivGai bMYÅZv DfGqiB AG^ÆvcvRÆGbi ˆKŒkj@
K meÆcvÉ ¯¦Õ·kÆx mgm¾i
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? i. cÊZviYv ii. cÉfve weÕ¦vi
L mZÅ I KGgÆi A®¼q
K i I ii L i I iii iii. eÅvKzjZv
M m¾ZtÕ¹„ZÆ Õ¼xKvGivwÚ
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
5. ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq ‘ˆ`Dj’ kõwUi A^Æ Kx? N Rxebavivi mvgÅ K i I ii L i I iii
K gw±ì L Avevm 15. “evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq “gvbyGli hLb cZb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ˆèZv N Zx^ÆGÞò AvGm ZLb cG` cG` fzj nGZ ^vGK|”@ 25. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvGK kvw¯¦wcÉq c†wêxevmxi RbÅ
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 6 I 7 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: DwÚwUi «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? Kx wnGmGe wPwn×Z Kiv nGqGQ?
RxeGbi me ˆÞGò mdj AvKvk wK¯§ Zvi mvdjÅ Zvi K DrK¥¤v L ˆbwZevPKZv K wPivqZ cÉv^Æbv mãxZ
gvGK AvGjvwoZ KGi bv| gvGqi mgÕ¦ A¯¦iRyGo M Õ©ƒjZv N AcwiYvg`wkÆZv L cwiòvGYi c^
AKvGj nvwiGq hvIqv Avwei| wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 16 I 17 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI| M fvGjvevmvi cÉZÅveZÆb
6. DóxcGKi Avwei ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq kvgmyävgvGbi evev Abv^ nvweeGK jvjb-cvjb N gvbevwaKvi cybi‚«¬vi
KxGmi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? KGib| kvgmyävgvGbi mGã Zvi PvPv ˆgvZvGjGei wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 26 I 27 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
K emG¯¦i L Kwei weGiva euvaGj AG^Æi ˆjvGf ˆgvZvGjGei wbG`ÆGk nvwee Õ¼vgxi a‹bk¼GhÆ gy™¬ wbiÞi I my±ìx mvjgv wbqZ
M kxGZi N cÉK‡wZi kvgmyävgvbGK nZÅv KGi| bZzb Õ¼Gµ²i Rvj êvGb| Õ¼vgxi KvGQ Zvi evqbvi ˆkl
7. DóxcK I ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZv Dfq 16. DóxcGKi nvweGei gGaÅ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ ˆbB| ‰K ggÆvw¯¦K moK `yNÆUbvq Õ¼vgx gvbwmKfvGe
ˆÞGòB cÉKvwkZ@ cãyZ½eiY KiGj wk÷ m¯¦vbmn mvjgv w`Gknviv nGq
bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi mv`†kÅ ˆgGj?
i. wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ê`bv hvq|
K ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM L wgib
ii. eÅwÚRxeGbi wiÚZv 26. DóxcGKi mvjgvi mGã ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i
iii. mvdGjÅi cÉwZ D`vmxbZv M DwgPuv` N wgiRvdi gvwZj`vi Šemv`†kÅcƒYÆ w`K ˆKvbwU?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 17. mv`†GkÅi KviY nGjv, DfqB@ K AwkÞv L ˆmŒ±`hÆ
Ki L i I ii i. K†ZN³ M mœQjZv N m¾µ²gqZv
M i I iii N i, ii I iii ii. ÞgZvGjvfx 27. DóxcGK ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å cÉwZwewÁ¼Z?
8. ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ cÉeG®¬ ˆKvwnbƒiGK ˆ`LGZ iii. A^ÆGjvfx K NUbvi AvKwÕÃKZv
mKGj ˆKv^vq wfo KGi? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? L AfÅÕ¦Zv
K weËwUk wgDwRqvGg L AvGjKRvw±`Êqvq K i I ii L i I iii M bv±`wbKZv
M AÅvkGgvwjqvb wgDwRqvg M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N AcwiYvg`wkÆZv
N UvIqvi Ae jíGb 18. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm “ciMvQv gyiwe»” ˆK? 28. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi gƒjfve Kx?
9. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬ ‘mRxeZv I mv^ÆKZv’ K LvGjK eÅvcvix L mGjgGbi evc K ˆjvKv¯¦Gii fvebv
Rxe¯¦ `†Ó¡v¯¦ wnGmGe KxGmi DGÍÏL iGqGQ? M ajv wgqv N ˆgv`vGe»i wgqv L ˆPZbvi Awb±`Å cÉKvk
K dyGji L b`xi M KveÅ m†wÓ¡i ˆcÉiYv
19. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ c†wêxi gGaÅ
M dGji N e†GÞi N m†wÓ¡i AekÅÁ¿vex weRq
gvbylGK ˆkÉÓ¤ weGePbv bv Kivi KviY Kx?
10. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq evi‚Yxi 29. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ fxZz byi‚j ü`vi mvnmx nGq
K gvbyGli wbeyÆw«¬Zv I ˆÕ¼œQv a»smKvwiZv
evm ˆKv^vq? IVvi gƒj KviY Kx?
K MãvmvMGi L KYÆdzjxGZ L wbGRiv wbGRGì gGaÅ hyG«¬ wjµ¦ nIqv K wgmwKÌGq´ŸGì wVKvbv Rvbv
M c«Âvq N aGjk¼ixGZ M gvbyGli fwelÅr Movi AjmZv L mçvwiZ DúZv I ˆ`kGcÉg
11. ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬ êMg îvGKqv ˆRjvq ˆRjvq N gvò `yB wgwjqb eQi AvGM gvbyGli R¯Ã M KywjGì AvÕ¦vbv ˆPbv
cvGUi Pvl Kg Kwiqv ZrcwieGZÆ ˆKvbwUi Pvl 20. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq ‘axgvb’ eGj N ˆMwijvGì mGã AuvZvZ
cÉPzi cwigvY Kivi DcG`k w`GqGQb? KvGK mGÁ¼vab Kiv nGqGQ? 30. iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi KZ wLËÓ¡vGõ g†ZzÅeiY KGib?
K avb L KvcÆvm K iveY L ˆgNbv` K 1891 L 1894
M ‰w´£ N gmwjb M KyÁ¿KYÆ N wefxlY M 1941 N 1946
1 M 2 M 3 N 4 K 5 K 6 M 7 L 8 N 9 N 10 K 11 L 12 N 13 K 14 L 15 N
Dîi
16 K 17 L 18 M 19 K 20 L 21 N 22 K 23 L 24 M 25 K 26 M 27 N 28 N 29 L 30 M
25. hGkvi êvWÆ 2019

[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@Wvb cvGk DwÍÏwLZ msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvMmnKvGi co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| K I L wefvM nGZ bƒÅbZg `ywU
KGi ‰es M I N wefvM nGZ KgcGÞ ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe|]
K wefvM  M`Å K. ‘AGgvN’ A^Æ Kx? 1
1. mÁ·ÉwZ wPZjgvix MÉvGgi AGbK D®²wZ nGqGQ@ cvKv ivÕ¦v, NGi NGi we`yÅr, wWk L. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi MVbMZ weGklZ½ ZzGj aGiv| 2
AÅvG´Ÿbv gvGS gvGS `yB-PviwU cvKv evwoI ˆPvGL cGo| wK¯§ K‡wlwbfÆi gvbyGli fvGMÅi M. DóxcK I ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi eÚGeÅi mv`†kÅ I Šemv`†kÅ ZzGj aGiv| 3
ˆZgb cwieZÆb nqwb| AvGM hviv ˆLGq cGi eQGi `yweNv Rwg wKbZ, ‰Lb eQi ˆkGl N. “fvGjvevmvi iGm wmÚ nGq myLx nIqvi cyiGbv c^B ˆhb LuyGRGQb Dfq
kƒbÅ| H MÉvGgi Kwig gvÕ¡vi ejGjb, “D®²wZ nGe ˆKgb KGi, ‰Lb ˆZv mevB mvGne| Kwe|”@ ‰ welGq ˆZvgvi gZvgZ ˆck KGiv| 4
Avnvi, wekÉvg, Avìv, ögY Avi wnsmv-`jv`wj wbGq gvbyl ‰Lb eÅÕ¦|” 7. AKvGj evevGK nvwiGq AvweGì gb fxlY Lvivc| e®¬y evGZb ‰Gm ejj,
K. cƒGeÆ cÍÏxevwmbxMY Kx w`Gq Kvco KvPGZb? 1 “Zzwg ˆZv NyiGZ Lye cQ±` KGiv, PGjv ˆbŒKvq ˆKv^vI NyGi Avwm| kiGZi ÷ö
L. “@ mfÅZv weÕ¦vGi mGã mGã ˆ`wk wkÍ¸mgƒn KÌgk wejyµ¦ nBqvGQ|”@ ˆRÅvrÕ²vq `y’avGi Kvkeb, g†`y evZvGm ˆbŒKvi ˆ`vjv@ ˆZvgvi gb fvGjv nGq
“KxfvGe? eywSGq `vI| 2 hvGe|” RevGe Avwe` ejj, “wbgÆj RGj iycvwj Puv` ˆKvGbv wKQyGZ Avi gb ˆbB
M. DóxcGKi wPZjgvix MÉvg ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z iPbvq ewYÆZ ˆKvb knGii K^v ÕÃiY e®¬y! Avgvi me fvGjv jvMv c†wêx ˆ^GK we`vq wbGqGQ|”
KwiGq ˆ`q? Zzjbvi ˆhŒwÚKZv ZzGj aGiv| 3 K. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwei bxieZvi KviY Kx? 1
N. “Kwig gvÕ¡vGii eÚGeÅ eãG`kxq Pvlvi wPi`vwiG`ËÅi KviY wbwnZ AvGQ”@ L. KweZvi Kwei eÅwÚ Rxeb KxfvGe aiv cGoGQ? 2
DwÚwU ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ iPbv AbymvGi gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGKi evGZb ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi Kvi K^v ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q?
2. ˆMŒix I méq AGbK w`b aGi ‰KB AwdGm PvKwi KiGQ wK¯§ mnKgÆxiv DfGqi f„wgKvi Zzjbv KGiv| 3
RvGb bv `yRbvi A¯¦Gi Mfxi ÞZ| ˆMŒixGK wbGR cQ±` KGi weGq KiGZ ˆPGqwQj N. “AvweGì RevGe ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi gƒjeÚeÅB cÉwZa»wbZ
méq| eQi cuvGPK AvGM ˆjvK LvIqvGbv wbGq weGq ˆfGOGQ ZvGì| wcZ‡nxb méq nGqGQ”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4
KvKvi AvkÉGq gvbyl ZvB Zvi ˆ`vl ˆRGbI cÉwZev` KiGZ cvGiwb| ‰Kw`b ˆMŒixi
KvGQ wbGRi Amnvq AeÕ©vi K^v ZzGj aGi méq| eGj, Zvi RbÅ ˆm mviv Rxeb M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
AGcÞv KiGe| ‰KUv `xNÆk¼vm ˆdGj ˆMŒix eGj, “Kx ìKvi, ‰B ˆZv êk AvwQ!” 8. AvGM ‰K MÉvgÅ gvZe»Gii kvmb I ˆkvlGY AwZÓ¤ wQj Õ¼icyi MÉvGgi gvbyl|
K. ˆKvb K^v ÕÃiY KGi AbycGgi gvgv I gv ‘‰KGhvGM weÕ¦i nvwmGjb’? 1 ‰Lb ˆmLvGb ‰Gm RyGUGQ ‰K fí wPwKrmK| AGjŒwKK Zvi wPwKrmv c«¬wZ| ˆm
L. “ˆgGqi ˆPGq ˆgGqi evGci LeiUvB Zvnvi KvGQ ài‚Zi”@ DwÚwU eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2 wbGRGK ‘wR¾Gbi ev`kv’ cwiPq ˆ`q| e®¬ÅvZ½, cãyZ½, KÅv´Övi cÉf‡wZ îvM wbGq
M. DóxcGKi méq ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? eywSGq `vI| 3 ˆjvGKiv Zvi KvGQ AvGm| gvbyGli AmnvqZ½ I mijZvi myGhvM wbGq ˆm wecyj A^Æ
N. ‘‰B ˆZv êk AvwQ!’ “ˆMŒixi ‰B DwÚGZ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i cwiYwZ nvwZGq ˆbq| gvZe»Gii KvGQ bvwjk KGiI ˆKvGbv cÉwZKvi ˆgGj bv| KviY, ˆPvGi
cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ’@ DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 ˆPvGi gvmZzZ fvB|
3. gywÚhy«¬ PjvKvGj ‰KwU Qvòvevm ˆ^GK wgwjUvwiiv mväv`GK ZzGj wbGq K. KZ eQi eqGm AvGgbv wewei weGq nGqwQj? 1
hvq| AgvbweK wbhÆvZb PvwjGq Zviv Zvi wcZvi m®¬vb Pvq| ÞZ-weÞZ nGqI L. ˆKvb NUbvq gwR` ‘weÕÃqKifvGe wbtmã êva’ KGi? 2
mväv` bxie ^vGK| gGb cGo evevi ˆkl DcG`k, “RxeGbi ˆPGq ˆ`k AGbK M. ‘ˆPvGi ˆPvGi gvmZzZ fvB’ K^vwU ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆh w`KwUi BwãZ
eo|” wbGRGK ‰KRb ˆ`kGcÉgx gywÚGhv«¬vi m¯¦vb gGb Kivq Zvi eyK dzGj IGV| KGi, Zvi cwiPq `vI| 3
K. “ˆmB ˆPvL fiv fq, ˆKej fq”@ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ˆKvb ˆPvGLi K^v ejv N. “Dcvq wf®² nGjI wRGbi ev`kv I DcbÅvGmi gwRGì DGókÅ Awf®²”@
nGqGQ? 1 DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
L. “ˆWÈwms UweGji mvgGb ùvwoGq wbGRi bZzbi…Gc ˆm fÅvevPÅvKv Lvq|”@ ˆK, 9. mggbv hyeKGì wbGq wbR MÉvGgi gvbylGK Õ¼vÕ©Å, cywÓ¡, wkÞv cwiGek,
ˆKb fÅvevPÅvKv Lvq? 2 agÆv®¬Zvi Kzdj BZÅvw` welGq mGPZb Kivi KvR KGi PGjGQ wkwÞZ hyeK
M. DóxcGKi mväv` ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^ Zzjbxq? Zzjbvi evwRZ| evwRGZi KvR-KGgÆ Lywk bq MÉvgÅ gvZe»i ˆPivMvwj| MÉvGgi gvbyl mGPZb
ˆhŒwÚKZv ZzGj aGiv| 3 nGj Zvi cÉfve ÞzY² nGe@ ‰B Zvi fq| Iiv Mvb-evRbv KGi, ˆgGq ˆjvGKi mvG^
N. mvävGì ˆPZbv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gƒjfveGK KZLvwb aviY KGi eGj Zzwg Avìv ˆ`q BZÅvw` AwfGhvM ZzGj ˆMuvov mg^ÆKGì mvG^ wbGq ˆm evwRGZi KÐvGe
gGb KGiv? ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4
4. wcZvi AfvGei msmvGi îGeKv AwZ KGÓ¡ gvbyl nGqGQ| RxeGb KZ Avàb awiGq ˆ`q|
K. gwR` ˆKb nvmcvZvGj wMGqwQj? 1
ˆQvULvGUv BœQvB ZvGK bxiGe wemRÆb w`GZ nGqGQ! wkwÞZ I mykxÉ nIqv mGî½I
ŠeevwnK RxeGb ‰KUv fvGjv msmvi ˆRvGUwb| wK¯§ wbGRi AeÕ©vGK ˆm fvMÅ L. “wek¼ v Gmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm ˆPvL”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
wnGmGe ˆgGb wbGqGQ ‰es M†n wkÞK Õ¼vgxi mvgvbÅ AvGq my±ìfvGe msmvi M. “DóxcGKi evwRZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi mvG^ KxfvGe Zzjbxq?
cwiPvjbv KiGQ| ˆgGb ˆbqv ‰B RxeGb Zvi ˆKvGbv weoÁ¼bv ˆbB| eywSGq `vI| 3
K. ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i evsjv Abyev`K ˆK? 1 N. “evwRZ I AvØvm gƒ j Z Õ¼ v ^Æ v G®¼ l x gnGji wnsmvi wkKvi”@ K^vwU gƒ jÅvqb
L. Õ¨xi cÉwZ ˆjvBGmGji fvGjvevmv I KZÆeÅcivqYZvi `ywU `†Ó¡v¯¦ `vI| 2 KGiv| 4
M. îGeKvi mvG^ ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i gvwZj`vi Zzjbv KGiv| 3 N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
N. “‘ˆgGb ˆbqv ‰B RxeGb ˆKvGbv weoÁ¼bv ˆbB’@ îGeKvi ‰B Rxeb mZÅB 10. we^x I mv^x `yB êvb| `xNÆw`b weG`Gk ˆ^GK we^x hLb ˆ`Gk wdij ZLb
‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i gƒjfve|”@ ‰B gGZi cGÞ ˆZvgvi eÚeÅ DcÕ©vcb KGiv|4 Zvi evevi g†ZzÅ nGqGQ| g†ZzÅi cƒGeÆ e†«¬ Zvi mÁ·wîi wKQy Ask mv^xGK `vb KGi
L wefvM  KweZv hvb| ‰B wbGq we^x fxlY ˆMvjGhvM m†wÓ¡ KGi| ˆm gGb KGi e†«¬ wcZvGK fzwjGq
5. gv`K MÉnGYi Aciva gv^vq wbGq cywjk fÅvGb DGV emj mvwR`| gv-evev, mv^x mÁ·wî Avñmvr KGiGQ| mÁ·wîi RbÅ ˆm fqsKi nGq IGV ‰es mv^xi
cvov-cÉwZGekx ˆKD KÍ¸bv KiGZ cvGiwb ‰gb `†kÅ ZvGì ˆ`LGZ nGe| ÷ay fvGjv KGjRco~qv ˆQGji ˆcQGb m¯¨vmx ˆjwjGq ˆ`q|
Qvò wnGmGe bq, Zvi gGZv mvnmx, cÉwZev`x, cGivcKvix meÆàGYi AwaKvix ‰KwU K. wmivGRi ˆKvb ˆmbvcwZ hyG«¬ cÉ^g g†ZzÅeiY KGi? 1
ˆQGjI LuyGR cvGe bv ˆKD| eqÕ•iv ejGZb, “Avnv“ ‰gb ˆmvbvi UzKiv hw` mevi L. “Avgvi mviv AwÕ¦Z½ RyGo ˆKej ˆhb ˆ`qvGji wfo|”@ DwÚwUi mcÉmã
NGi R¯ÃvZ!” Kv®²vRwoZ KG¥¤ mvwRGì gv eGjb, “wKQyw`b aGi AGPbv ‰KUv ˆQGj eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
Ii mvG^ ˆ`Lv KiGZ AvmZ| fveGZ cvwiwb ‰Z eo meÆbvk nGe Avgvi ˆQGji| M. DóxcGKi we^x I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi NGmwU êMg PwiGòi Zzjbv KGiv|3
K. ‘AvKvj’ myKv¯¦ fëvPvGhÆi Kx aiGbi iPbv? 1 N. “we^x I mv^xi «¼±«¼ wbZv¯¦B cvwievwiK| cÞv¯¦Gi NGmwU êMg I wmivGRi
L. ‘Zey AvVvGivi ÷GbwQ RGqva»wb’@ mcÉmã cO&wÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 «¼±«¼ AGbKUv ivR‹bwZK|”@ DwÚwU h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
M. ‘‰ eqGm KvGb AvGm KZ h¯Ÿv’@ DwÚwU mvwRGì ˆÞGò KxfvGe cÉGhvRÅ? 11. gvò mGZGiv Rb ŠmbÅ wbGq eLwZqvi LjwR my`ƒi ZziÕ• ˆ^GK ‰Gm evsjvi
eywSGq `vI| 3 wmsnvmb `Lj KGi wbGqwQj| mvgvbÅ KqRb Q«ÂGekx ewYK hyG«¬ Rqjvf KGiwQj
N. “Avnv! ‰gb ˆmvbvi UzKiv hw` mevi NGi R¯ÃvZ!”@ ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ ZvGì AmvgvbÅ mvnm, k†›Ljv I PvZzhÆ w`Gq| cÞv¯¦Gi jßY ˆmGbi ivRcÉvmv`
KweZvi ˆkl cO&wÚi AvGjvGK DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
wQj bvbv wek†›Ljvq cwicƒYÆ I AiwÞZ| Zvi wekvj evwnbx hy«¬ bv KGi cvwjGq
6. AvGM Kx my±ì w`b KvUvBZvg ˆMj| jßY ˆmbI ivRÅ ZÅvM KiGZ evaÅ nGjb| gƒjZ ˆmw`b hy«¬ nqwb, nGqGQ
MÉvGgi bIGRvqvb wn±`y-gymjgvb
hyG«¬i wZÚ AwfæZv|
wgwjqv evDjvMvb NvUzMvb MvBZvg\
......................................... K. HwZnvwmK cjvwk ˆKvb b`xi ZxGi AewÕ©Z? 1
Kwi fvebv ˆmw`b Avi cve bv L. UÇÅvGRwW wnGmGe ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi `ywU ŠewkÓ¡Å ˆjGLv| 2
wQj evmbv myLx nBZvg M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi NUbv ˆKvb ˆKvb ˆÞGò Zzjbxq? 3
w`b nGZ w`b AvGm ˆh KwVb N. “gƒjZ ˆmw`b hy«¬ nqwb, nGqGQ hyG«¬i AwfæZv|”@ ‰B DwÚ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
Kwig `xbnxb ˆKvb cG^ hvBZvg\ bvUGKi ˆÞGòI mgfvGe cÉGhvRÅ@ K^vwUi ZvrchÆ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
evsjv (AvewkÅK) cÉ^g cò welq ˆKvW:0 1 1
1. ‰Kw`b KgjvKv¯¦ ˆbkvq eyu` nGq ˆKvb hyG«¬i wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 11 I 12 bs cÉGk²i Dîi 19. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ fxZz cÉK‡wZi byi‚j ü`v gywÚGhv«¬v
K^v fvewQGjb? `vI: kÅvjGKi îBbGKvU MvGq w`Gj Zvi gGaÅ mçvwiZ
K cjvkxi L cvwbcGî Õ•zjwkÞK Avwei ævbPPÆvi gvaÅGg wbGRGK ˆhgb nq@
M IqvUvijyi N wek¼hyG«¬i mg†«¬ KGiGQb, ˆZgwb AvGjvwKZ KGiGQb wkÞv^ÆxGì| i. DúZv
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 2 I 3 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 11. DóxcGKi AvweGii ævbPPÆvi gvaÅGg wbGRGK ii. mvnm
Õ¼vZx mywkwÞZ I AvñwbfÆikxj bvix| weGqi ci k¼÷i mg†«¬ Kivi mvG^ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb iii. ˆ`kGcÉg
I kv÷woi PvGc PvKwi QvoGZ evaÅ nq| k¼÷i- welGqi wgj iGqGQ? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
kv÷woi aviYv PvKwiRxex eD AnsKvix nq| Zviv K b`xi mvMGi cwZZ nIqv K i L i I ii
msmvGii cÉwZ `vwqZ½kxj bq| L Š`wnK weKvk NUvGbv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
2. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i mGã DóxcGKi Õ¼vZxi M gbylÅGZ½i ê`bv Dcjwº¬ 20. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ iPbvq wKDGiUi
Šemv`†kÅ ˆKv^vq? N e†GÞi dzGj-dGj cwicƒYÆ nIqv ˆmŒiRMGZi Z‡Zxq MÉn ˆ^GK ˆKvb cÉvYx ZzGj ˆbq?
K bvixi cÉwZ ŠelGgÅ L AvcmnxbZvq 12. DóxcGKi fvGei cÉwZdjb NGUGQ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ K wcucov L gvbyl
M AvcmKvwgZvq N Õ¼v^Æwmw«¬GZ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb f„wgKvq? M cvwL N nwiY
3. DóxcGKi k¼÷i-kv÷woi gvbwmKZvi mvG^ K cGivcKvwiZvq L cÉvwµ¦ I `vGb
21. wbGPi PiYwU ˆZvgvi cvVÅ ˆKvb KweZvi cÉ^g
‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb DwÚwUi wgj iGqGQ? M AvñwbGe`Gb N weKvk mvaGb
PiY?
K ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i L ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969
K AvgvGì NGi ˆh ˆgGq AvwmGe ˆm gv^v ˆnuU 13. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq ‘ANÆÅ weiPb’ kõwU
M ˆmB AÕ¨
KwiqvB AvwmGe Kx AG^Æ eÅen†Z nGqGQ?
N iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©
L ênvB mÁ·É`vGqi Avi hvB ^vK ˆZR ^vKvUv K FZzivR em¯¦GK eiY
22. ‘Kjgv Rvb wgTv?’ cÉk²wU gwR` KvGK DGókÅ
ˆ`vGli L dzGji e±`bvMxZ KGi KGiwQj?
M Aci cÞGK ˆh bvKvj nBGZ nBGe, ˆmB M emG¯¦i AvMgbx Mvb
K ZvGni KvG`Gii evcGK
K^v ÕÃiY Kwiqv Avgvi mGã gv ‰KGhvGM N Aéwj ev Dcnvi iPbv L AvØvmGK
weÕ¦i nvwmGjb| wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 14 I 15 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: M `y`y wgTvGK
N Vvëvi mÁ·KÆGK Õ©vqx Kwievi BœQv Avgvi gywÚhyG«¬ cvwKÕ¦vwb ˆmbvkvmK, ivRbxwZwe` I N ajv wgTvGK
ˆbB KwZcq wec^Mvgx ˆ`vmiiv RbmvaviGYi Ici wbÓ¤zi 23. RvZxq Rv`yNi ˆKvb cwiPq enb KGi?
4. ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬ mfÅZvi ˆh ˆbwZevPK wbhÆvZb Pvjvq I RvbgvGji eÅvcK ÞqÞwZ KGi| ‰ K BwZnvm L Õ©vcZÅKjv
w`KàGjv dzGU DGVGQ@ ˆ`Gki Avcvgi RbZv ˆ`kGcÉGg D«¼y«¬ nGq cÉwZGiva M AvñcwiPq N RvwZmîv
K `vwi`ËÅ I `yGfÆvM eÅeÕ©v MGo ˆZvGj| 24. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm gvRviwU ˆ`LGZ ˆKgb?
L AbyKiYwcÉqZv I wejvwmZv 14. DóxcGKi cÉ^g evKÅ ‘beve wmivRDGóŒjv’ K DBwXwei gZ
M eÕ§wbfÆiZv I AvjmÅ bvUGKi ˆKvb ˆKvb PwiGòi KgÆKvíGK aviY L gvGQi wcGVi gGZv
N KzwUi wkGÍ¸i weGjvc I AvjmÅ KGi? M MvGiv cvnvGoi gGZv
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 5 I 6 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K DwgPuv`-RMrGkV N w«¼Zxqvi PuvGì gGZv
Rwni ivqnvGbi ‘nvRvi eQi aGi’ DcbÅvGmi MÉvgxY L ˆgvnbjvj-ivq`yjÆf 25. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq Kwei Kvw›ÞZ AÕ¨ DGîvwjZ
hyeK Aveyj eD wcwUGq Avb±` DcGfvM KGi| M NGmwU êMg-jyrdzw®²mv nGj jÞ jÞ gvbylGK wK cãy I weK‡Z KiGe
5. DóxcGKi AveyGji mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i N wgig`Ævb-ˆKÑUb bv?
ˆKvb PwiGòi wgj iGqGQ? 15. DóxcGK ˆkl evGKÅi welqeÕ§ ‘beve wmivRDGóŒjv’ K gynGƒ ZÆi A™²yÅrcvZ
K ŠKGjk L eyGov ingvb bvUGKi wbGPi ˆKvb evGKÅ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? L AGgvN AÕ¨-fvGjvevmv
M Rà N ˆMvKzj K AvcbvGì bZzb beve Rvdi Avjx LvbGK M AvwacGZÅi ˆjvf
6. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i DÚ PwiGòi mvG^ DóxcGKi Avwg gmbG` ewmGq w`jvg N weG«¼l-AnsKvi
AveyGji mv`†kÅ ˆKv^vq? L nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl ‰KGhvGM i‚GL ùvovGZ 26. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ wbGPi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡ÅwU
K Õ¨xi cÉwZ wbÓ¤zi AvPiGY cviGj ˆKŒkGji cÉGqvRb nGe bv we`Ågvb?
L Õ¨xi cÉwZ Aeævq M evsjvi NGi NGi nvnvKvGii ebÅv eBGq ˆ`Ge K RoZvgywÚ L mGZÅi c^
M Õ¨xi cÉwZ wbhÆvZGb wgiRvdi-KÑvBGfi jy¥¤b AZÅvPvi M Zvi‚YÅ N fqnxbZv
N Õ¨xi cÉwZ KZ‡ÆZ½civqYZvq N gvbyGli `†wÓ¡ ˆ^GK Avgvi ˆPvGii gGZv 27. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ˆK nuvUGj gvwUGZ AvIqvR
7. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq K‡wòg cYÅ ejGZ Kwe Kx cvwjGq cvwjGq c^ PjGZ nGe| nq?
eywSGqGQb? 16. ÌjZ Avgvi KvGQ ‘fMevGbi `v`vgkvGqi K nvmywbi gv L AvGgbv wewe
K AwfæZvjº¬ wkÍ¸ L bKj cYÅ ˆPGqI eo|’ Kvi KvGQ? M iwngv N Rwgjv
M A¯¦Gii ˆhvM ˆbB ‰gb K DwgPuv` L NGmwU êMg
28. “‰gb ˆ`kwU ˆKv^vI LuyGR cvGe bvGKv Zzwg,
N cmiv M RMrGkV N ivq`yjÆf
mKj ˆ`Gki ivYx ˆm ˆh Avgvi R¯Ãf„wg|”
8. ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq ˆh KweZv 17. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvq 1952 mvGj eãe®¬y DóxcGK ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi
÷bGZ RvGb bv ˆm Kx ÷bGe? ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi ˆKvb RxeGbi K^v wee†Z ˆKvb welGqi DGÍÏL cvIqv hvq bv?
K Õ¼vRvZÅGeva L ˆ`kGcÉg
K DœPvwiZ mZÅ nGqGQ? M cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ N R¯Ãf„wgi e±`bv
L AiYÅ ‰es k¼vcGì K^v K cvwievwiK Rxeb L ˆRj Rxeb
29. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq AvnZ Kwei Mvb
M cÉengvb b`xi KjZvb M mvgvwRK Rxeb N ivR‹bwZK Rxeb cƒYÆZv jvf KGi KxfvGe?
N SGoi AvZÆbv` wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 18 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K ŠkwÍ¸K DrKGlÆ
9. Kbdzwmqvm ˆKv^vKvi `vkÆwbK? cv^vwjqv ‰KwU Av`kÆ MÉvg| ‰LvGb wewf®² aGgÆi L cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ m±`kÆGb
K Bivb L g^yiv ˆjvKGì gGaÅ iGqGQ mÁ·ÉxwZ I övZ‡Z½Geva| abx M fvevGeGMi cÉveGjÅ
M Pxb N ˆRi‚RvGjg wbaÆb wbweÆGkGl ciÕ·iGK mvnvhÅ-mnGhvwMZv KGi N m†wÓ¡i ˆcÉiYvq, ˆPZbvi Jä¾GjÅ
10. ‘bƒij`xGbi mvivRxeb’ KweZvq bƒij`xb nGjv@ Zviv mvaÅgGZv| wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 30 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
i. HwZnvwmK Pwiò 18. DóxcGK ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU “Õ¼G`Gki DcKvGi bvB hvi gb
ii. cÉwZev`x Pwiò DGVGQ? ˆK eGj gvbyl ZvGi, c÷ ˆmB Rb|
iii. ˆPZbv`xµ¦ Pwiò K MÉvgxY `vwi`ËÅ 30. D«¬†Z KweZvskwU ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? L ˆjvKvwqZ Rxeb aviv ˆKvb PwiòGK BwãZ KGi?
K i I ii L i I iii M D`vi gvbweK mÁ·KÆ K iveY L wefxlY
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N msÕ•vivœQ®² mgvReÅeÕ©v M ˆgNbv` N jßY|
1 M 2 M 3 K 4 L 5 M 6 M 7 M 8 N 9 M 10 N 11 N 12 L 13 N 14 K 15 L
Dîi
16 K 17 L 18 M 19 N 20 K 21 N 22 M 23 N 24 L 25 K 26 L 27 M 28 M 29 K 30 L
26. ewikvj êvWÆ 2019

[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@ Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| K I L wefvM ˆ^GK KgcGÞ `ywU KGi
‰es M I N wefvM ˆ^GK KgcGÞ ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe|]
K wefvM  M`Å K. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi ˆhGKvGbv `yBwU MvGQi bvg ˆjGLv| 1
1.Avõvj wgqv ‰KRb KzGgvi| mvZ cyi‚l aGi Zvi cwievGii mevB ‰B ˆckvq L. ‘wekvjvÞx w`GqwQj ei,’ K^vwU «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
RwoZ| wK¯§ mgGqi cwieZÆGbi mvG^ mvG^ gvwUi ŠZRmcGòi Pvwn`v KGg hvIqvq M. DóxcGKi ‘ˆ`ke®¬y’ kõwU «¼viv ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi Kwei
Zvi Avw^ÆK AeÕ©v Avi AvGMi gGZv ˆbB| ZGe ˆm ˆfGO cGowb| cwievGii gGbvfvGei ˆKvb w`KwUi cÉwZ BwãZ ˆÌqv nGqGQ? eywSGq ˆjGLv| 3
mKGji mnGhvwMZv I KgÆgyLx wkÞv MÉnY KGi AbÅ ˆckvq wbGqvwRZ nGq ˆm N. ‘i…cK^v I wPòKGÍ¸i’ eÅenvGi DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’
AGbKUv AvñwbfÆikxj| cvkvcvwk ˆm mvZ cyi‚Gli ˆckvI QvGowb| mgq ˆcGjB KweZvi mv`†kÅ wePvi KGiv| 4
ˆm gvwUi ˆkŒwLb wRwbmcò ŠZwi KGi wewKÌ KGi| 7. “êÅvghvb, Kvgvb, c`vwZ
K. “avbÅ Zvi emy®¬iv hvi|”@ DwÚwU ˆK KGiwQGjb? 1 ˆh ivGÓ¡Çi Aã bq, bÅvq, Þgv, wgZvjx gbxlv
L. ‘avb fvwbGZ wkGei Mvb’@ K^vwU ˆKb ejv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 hvi gyLÅ AejÁ¼b, wRRxwelv
M. DóxcGKi ‘mgGqi cwieZÆb’ K^vwUi mvG^ ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwUi mvgvbÅ jÞY|”
mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? eYÆbv KGiv| 3 K. ‘ˆh AÕ¨ eÅvµ¦ nGj’@ ‰i cGii jvBbwU Kx? 1
N. DóxcGKi Avõvj wgqvi AvñwbfÆikxj nIqvi KviY wnGmGe ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ L. “‰es RÅvZÅwfgvbGK KGi evi evi civwRZ|”@ ‰LvGb ‘RvZÅwfgvb’ kõwU
cÉeG®¬ ˆh welqwUi cÉwZ BwãZ ˆÌqv nGqGQ, Zv AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
2. gxbvi evev nVvr gviv hvIqvq Zvi gv ivby ZvGK wbGq Amnvq nGq cGo| ˆm M. «¼KweZvskwUiviv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
‘gyLÅ AejÁ¼b’ K^vwU «¼viv ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi Kwei cÉZÅvkv
Zvi Õ¼vgxi îGL hvIqv mvgvbÅ K‡wlRwgGZ Drc®² dmj wewKÌ KGi hv Avq KGi cyGivcywi eÅÚ nGqGQ| g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 3
ZvGZ gxbvi ˆjLvcovi LiP PvjvGZ cvGi bv| ZvB AGbÅi evwoGZ avb fvbv, gvovB
ˆÌqv I M†ncwiPvwiKvi KvR KGi gxbvi ˆjLvcov I msmvGii LiP PvwjGq N. DóxcK I Kwei cÉZÅvkv eZÆgvGb kvw¯¦wcÉq c†wêxevmxi RbÅ ‰K wPivqZ
hvwœQj| wK¯§ nVvr evav nGq ùvovj gxbvi eqm| ˆlvokx gxbvGK MÉvgÅ ˆgvoGji cÉv^Æbv msMxZ@ hywÚmnKvGi eywSGq `vI| 4
Kz`†wÓ¡ ˆ^GK iÞvi RbÅ ˆm ZvGK weGq w`j| wK¯§ A^ÆGjvfx I Õ¼v^Æv®¬ cwievGi M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy]
gxbvi VuvB nGjv bv| ˆm gvGqi KvGQ PGj ‰Gjv| ÷i‚ nGjv gv-ˆgGqi bZzb KGi 8. bvivqY MGãvcvaÅvGqi ‘exZsm’ MGÍ¸ AvmvGgi Pv-evMvGb ˆhLvGb `Gj `Gj
êuGP ^vKvi jovB| ˆjvK KvjvR¾Gi gGi, gRyi LvUGZI ˆjvK ˆmLvGb ˆhGZ Pvq bv; ˆmLvGb Kzwj
K. ‘cvZvkƒbÅ ÷KGbv MvQUvq’ Kviv eGmGQ? 1 ˆhvMvb mgmÅv wbimGb muvIZvj ciMbvi AwkwÞZ, Amnvq, KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² gvbylGK
L. “ˆQGji gyL ˆ`GL cvlvY big nq,”@ ‰LvGb ‘cvlvY’ K^vwU «¼viv Kx my±ìjvj Zvi DGókÅ nvwmGji RbÅ wksGevOvi ŠèevYxGK KvGR jvMvq|
êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 K. mvZ ˆQGji evGci bvg Kx? 1
M. DóxcGKi mgvRwPGòi mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i mgvRwPGòi mv`†kÅ KZUzKz? L. ‘`ywbqvUv eo wewPò RvqMv’@ K^vwU KLb ‰es ˆKvb cÉmGã Kiv nGqGQ? 2
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 M. DóxcGKi ŠèevYxi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi KxGmi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ?
N. ‘êuGP ^vKvi jovB’@ K^vwU DóxcK I ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i AvwãGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
3. iweb gdÕ¼Gji ‰KwU KGjGR DœP gvaÅwgK ˆkÉwYi Qvò| ˆm Zvi wcÉq Kwe N. DóxcGKi muvIZvj ciMbvi gvbylàGjv ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi
KvRx bRi‚j BmjvGgi ‘msKÍ¸’ KweZvi “ˆ`Le ‰evi RMZUvGK” PiYwUi cÉwZ MÉvgevmxi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| g¯¦eÅwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
AbyiÚ| ZvB DœP gvaÅwgK cixÞv cvm KGi ˆm XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGq BwZnvm wefvGM 9. wòcyiv ivR gw±`Gii cyGivwnZ iNycwZ wg^Åv agÆGeva I A®¬msÕ•vGii aviK|
fwZÆ nq| wcÉq Kwei RMrUvGK ˆ`Lvi BœQvq ˆm cÉvqB ˆ`Gki wewf®² HwZnvwmK gw±`Gi ewj`vb cÉ^vi wei‚G«¬ cÉej cÉwZevGì evYx a»wbZ nq AcYÆvi gGaÅ| Zvi
Õ©vb I cÉðZvwî½K wb`kÆbàGjv ˆ`LGZ hvq| ‰GZ ævbwccvmy gGb ævGbi cwiwa QvM-wk÷ ewji wePvi `vwe ‘wemRÆb’ bvUGKi weGivGai exR| ‰ exR cÉ^g îvwcZ
e†w«¬i cvkvcvwk HwZnvwmK Zî½ mÁ·GKÆI RvbGZ cvGi|
K. ‘ˆKvwnbyi’ ˆ`LGZ mKGj ˆKv^vq wfo KGi? 1 nq ivRvi n†`Gq| Avi ‰ îvwcZ exGRi KviGY ivRvi wei‚G«¬ weGiva, RqwmsGni
L. evsjvG`k RvZxq Rv`yNi KLb I KxfvGe MGo IGV? 2 AvñwemRÆb, iNycwZi cÉwZgv wemRÆb ‰es cwiYwZGZ gvZ‡i…Gc AcYÆvi wbKU
M. DóxcGKi welqeÕ§ I ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvi welqeÕ§i gGaÅ fveMZ iNycwZi `cÆ P„YÆ nq|
cv^ÆKÅ KZUzKz? weGkÏlY KGiv| 3 K. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm Zvbywewe ˆK? 1
N. “gvbe RvwZi AvñcwiPq ZzGj aivq Rv`yNGii f„wgKv AbÕ¼xKvhÆ|”@ eÚeÅwU L. MÉvg AvØvGmi Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi Õ¼µ² KxfvGe ˆfGO hvq? 2
wK mg^ÆbGhvMÅ? DóxcK I ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvi AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv|4 M. DóxcGKi AcYÆvi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjvi mv`†kÅ KZUzKz|@
4. “auv KGi ‰KwU UÇvK hvGœQ QyGU, AvGivnx K’Rb eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
ˆPvL euvav, nvZ euvav AveQv gvbyl N. ‘cÉPwjZ cÉ^v I KzmsÕ•vi KLGbv eÅwÚ I mgvGRi RbÅ mnvqK bq eis
cvGk ivBGdjavix cvévwe ŠmwbK| A¯¦ivq’@ DóxcK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
Qvò bB, gywÚ ˆmbv bB ˆKvGbvI, Zey N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
nVvr nÅv´£m Avc eGj 10. Õ¼vaxbZv Õ·kÆgwY mevB fvGjvevGm,
ˆÕ¡bMvb nvGZ Avi cÉk² ˆ`q QyGo Nvo aGi@ myGLi AvGjv R¾vGj eyGK `ytGLi Qvqv bvGk|
evOvwjGnv Zzg”? Õ¼vaxbZv ˆmvbvi KvwV ˆLv`vi myav `vb,
K. wgwjUvwi cvív ˆKv^vq eGmwQj? 1 Õ·GkÆ Zvnvi ˆbGP DGV kƒbÅ ˆ`Gn cÉvY|
L. byi‚j ü`vi KvGQ ˆKvb welqwU ‘ˆmÉd DrcvZ’ eGj gGb nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 gbylÅGZ½i evb ˆWGK hvq c÷i n†`q ZGj,
M. DóxcGKi ‘ˆPvL euvav, nvZ euvav AveQv gvbyl’ ejGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ KvGì eyK dzwjGq ùvovq fxi‚ Õ¼vaxbZvi eGj|
K^v êvSvGbv nGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 `cÆ KGi c`vbZ DœP KGi wki,
N. DóxcGK wgwjUvwiGì eeÆGivwPZ nZÅvhGæi Qwe ˆhb ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i kwÚnxGbI Õ¼vaxbZv AvLÅv`vGb exi|
cÉwZœQwe@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 K. ‘wfÙwi Ai ˆW^, wfÙwi Ai ˆW^’@ DwÚwU KvGì cÉwZ Kiv nGqwQj? 1
L wefvM  KweZv L. ‘ˆZvgvi ÞgZv a»sm KGe, wmivR’@ ˆK, KvGK jÞÅ KGi ˆKb ‰ DwÚwU
5. Avwei ˆnvGmb ‰KRb wkÞK| wZwb Zuvi wkÞv^ÆxGì cvV`vGbi cvkvcvwk KGiwQj? 2
memgq mr, ÷f I my±`Gii cG^ Pjvi DcG`k w`GZb| RvwZ-agÆ-eYÆ-ˆMvÓ¤xi M. DóxcGKi ‘gbylÅGZ½i evb ˆWGK hvq, c÷i n†`qZGj” PiYwUGZ
EGa»Æ Avgiv ˆh mevB gvbyl, ˆmB gvbyGli K^v ejGZb, gbylÅGZ½i K^v ejGZb| ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb `†GkÅi Šemv`†kÅ jÞ Kiv hvq? AvGjvPbv KGiv|3
wZwb AviI ejGZb, Avwg ‰KRb gymjgvb nGq ÷ay gymjgvb wkÞv^ÆxGK covGZ N. DóxcGKi Õ¼vaxbZvi AvÕ¼v`b ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KxfvGe ˆ`LvGbv nGqGQ?
Avwmwb| Avwg ‰GmwQ mevi wkÞK, A^Ævr gvbyl Movi KvwiMi wnGmGe| eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
K. Cmv-gymv ˆKv^vq eGm mGZÅi cwiPq ˆcGjb? 1
L. “wK¯§ ˆKb ‰ cíkÉg gMGR nvwbQ kƒj?” ‰LvGb ‘cíkÉg” K^vwU «¼viv Kx 11. ˆnvGmb wgqv wekvj mÁ·wîi AwaKvix| Zvi Pvi ˆQGj mevB cÉwZwÓ¤Z| wK¯§
êvSvGbv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 cÉGZÅGKB wbR wbR Õ¼vG^Æi RbÅ ˆKŒkjx gGbvfvGei AwaKvix| ˆnvGmb wgqv mewKQy
M. DóxcGKi “Avwei ˆnvGmGbi `†wÓ¡fwã ‰es ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq Kwei eySGZ cviGjI m¯¦vb wnGmGe ZvGìGK evi evi Þgv KGi ˆ`b| Zvi ‰B Acwimxg
`†wÓ¡fwã ‰KB mƒGò Muv^v|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ˆKvgj gGbvfvGei KviGY ‰Kmgq ˆQGjiv ˆMvcGb cyGiv mÁ·wî AGbÅi KvGQ wewKÌ
N. DóxcGK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 KGi ˆ`q ‰es ˆkl cwiYwZGZ ˆnvGmb wgqv ivÕ¦vq ˆbGg AvGmb|
6. “ˆ`ke®¬y AvwmqvGQ Þziavi c«Âvq ‰evi, K. ‘wg^Åv Acev` w`GœQb ˆmbvcwZ’@ ‰LvGb ˆmbvcwZi bvg Kx? 1
Kvjx`Gn KÑv¯¦ MvOkvwjGLi wfGo ˆhb L. ‘Avgvi ˆkl hy«¬ cjvwkGZB’@ DwÚwU ˆK, KLb ‰es KvGK KGiwQGjb?
AvwmqvGQ So, eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
AvwmqvGQ Píx`vm@ M. DóxcGKi ˆnvGmb wgqvi Acwimxg gnvbyfeZv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
ivgcÉmvGì kÅvgv mvG^ mvG^ Zvi; wmivRDGóŒjvi civRGqi gƒj KviY| g¯¦eÅwU h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 3
k›Lgvjv, P±`Êgvjv; g†Z kZ wKGkvixi N. “mevB wgGj mwZÅB Avgiv evsjvGK wewKÌ KGi w`wœQ bv ˆZv?”@ eÚeÅwU
KâGYi Õ¼i| DóxcK I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
1. AvñvGK gayi I cyÓ¡ KGi MGo ZzjGZ cÉGqvRb@ 10. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ iPbvq ˆÕ¼œQv a»smKvix wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 22 I 23 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
i. wewPò AwfæZv cÉvYx ejGZ KvGì êvSvGbv nGqGQ? kvIGbi weGq P„ov¯¦ nq AbÅvi mvG^| ˆhŒZzGKi `vwe
ii. cËPzi ˆcÉg K mvc L nwiY cƒiY bv nIqvq ˆgvZvGje mvGne ˆQGji weGq ˆfGO
iii. Mfxi Abyf„wZ M cvwL N gvbyl w`GZ Pvb| evevi AbÅvq Ave`vi kvIb gvbGZ bvivR|
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 11 I 12 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ˆm hywÚ w`Gq evevGK eywSGq ˆhŒZzK bv wbGqB AbÅGK
K i I ii L i I iii mvjGeì AvGjG±` wQGjb wPwji wbeÆvwPZ ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ| weGq KGi|
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 1973 mvGj ˆ`Gki ˆmbvevwnbx ZvGK nZÅv KGi 22. ˆgvZvGje mvGne ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb
ÞgZv MÉnY KGi AvGj±` KZ‡ÆKB wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ ˆRbvGij PwiGòi BwãZen?
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 2 I 3 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI@ wcGbvGPU| K nwik L weby`v
abx cwievGii m¯¦vb ˆgvnmxb ˆPŒayix| ivRbxwZGZ 11. DóxcGKi wcGbvGPU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi M gvgv N kÁ¿zbv^
‰GmGQb AGbK w`b| RbKjÅvYgƒjK KvRI ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^ meÆvwaK wgj iGqGQ? 23. kvIGbi ˆKvb ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å AbycGgi gGaÅ
KGiGQb| wK¯§ cÉvw¯¦KRGbi mvG^ ˆZgbfvGe wZwb K RMrGkV L DwgPuv` ^vKGj AbycGgi weGqUv wUGK ˆhZ?
wgkGZ cvGibwb| MYgvbyGli ˆbZv nGZ bv ˆcGi Zvi M IqvUmb N wgiRvdi i. mvnwmKZv
AvGÞGci ˆkl ˆbB| 12. Dfq PwiGòi mv`†kÅMZ ŠewkÓ¡Å@ ii. eÅwÚZ½
2. DóxcGKi ˆgvnmxb ˆPŒayixi ggÆGe`bv wbGPi i. ÞgZvwj¶Öv
iii. Mfxi fvGjvevmv
ˆKvb PiGY cÉKvwkZ| ii. wek¼vmNvZKZv
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K gvGS gvGS ˆMwQ Avwg I cvovi cÉvãGYi iii. Kvcyi‚lZv
K i I ii L i I iii
avGi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
L ‰B Õ¼imvabvq ˆcuŒwQj bv eüZi WvK-/iGq K i I ii L i I iii
24. RvwZi wcZv eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi R¯Ã
ˆMGQ duvK wèm ˆKvbwU?
M ˆm Kwei evYx-jvwM Kvb ˆcGZ AvwQ 13. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬ Abyhvqx Õ¼vaxbZvi RbÅ
KiYxq Kx? K 10 Rvbyqvwi L 17 gvPÆ
N ZvB Avwg ˆgGb wbB ˆm wb±`vi K^v
K ˆMvjvwgi fve QvoGZ nGe M 14 ‰wcÉj N 23 Ryb
3. DóxcGK ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq ˆh welq cÉKvwkZ 25. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq ‘cyÓ·viwZ’ ejGZ
Zv nGjv@ L agÆ ŠelgÅ `ƒi KiGZ nGe
M AvñwbfÆikxj nGZ nGe êvSvGbv nGqGQ@
i. RbwewœQ®²Zv
N wki DuPz KGi ùvovGZ nGe| i. dzGji e±`bv
ii. kÉgRxexGì cÉwZ `vqe«¬Zv
14. Kwe Rxebvb±` `vk k›Lgvjvi i…cKGÍ¸ Kx ii. dzGji wbGe`b
iii. ævGbi `xbZv
êvSvGZ ˆPGqGQb? iii. dzGji ˆmŒif
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii K evsjvi i…c-ˆmŒ±`hÆ L ˆmÉvZwÕ¼bx b`x
M my±ìx bvix N iƒcK^vi ivRKbÅv K i I ii L i I iii
15. e~wo KvGK Zvi KvdGbi Kvco wKbGZ AbyGiva M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
4. bƒij`xb ˆK wQGjb?
KGiwQj? 26. ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq hyMveZvi ejGZ KvGì
K kÉwgK ˆbZv L K†lK ˆbZv
K ˆMvcvjGK L bvZ RvgvBGK êvSvGbv nGqGQ?
M gywÚGhv«¬v N weËwUk ŠmwbK
M w`MÁ¼ixGK N cvZvGbv ˆgGqGK K agÆài‚Gì
5. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq fvlvkwn` mvjvGgi
bvg KZevi DGÍÏL Kiv nGqGQ? 16. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ iPbvq ewYÆZ wbGRi L msMÉvgx ˆbZvGì
kixi ˆ^GK `k àY êwk wRwbm AbvqvGm wbGq M mgvR msÕ•viKGì
K wZb L Pvi
ˆhGZ cvGi ˆKvb cÉvYx? N wewf®² hyGM AeZxYÆ gnvcyi‚lGì
M cuvP N Qq
K evN L mvc wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 27 I 28 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
6. AvVvGiv eQi eqm `ytmn ˆKb? M wcucov N CMj
K cGî evav fvOGZ Pvq eGj
`vI:
17. jWÆ KvigvBGKGji bvg ˆKvb iPbvq DGÍÏL cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi AvKÌgY ˆ^GK ˆ`kGK iÞv
L evGÓ·i êGM wÕ¡gvGii gGZv PGj eGj
iGqGQ? Kivi RbÅ gywÚhyG«¬ Ask ˆbq jwZd| ˆ`kGK Õ¼vaxb
M cËvGY AmnÅ h¯Ÿvi KviGY
K Pvlvi `yÞz L Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve KGi ZGeB NGi wdiGe ‰B cÉZÅq wbGq hy«¬ KGi hvq
N Õ·aÆvq gv^v ˆZvjevi SzuwKi KviGY
M evqv®²i w`bàGjv N weovj jwZd| wWGmÁ¼Gii cÉ^g mµ¦vn, evsjvG`k hLb Õ¼vaxbZvi
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 7 I 8 bs cÉGk²i Dîi 18. ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq ‘wePwjZ
`vI: «¼vicÉvG¯¦ wVK ˆm mgq DwRicyGii cvwKÕ¦vwb KÅvGÁ·
ˆÕ²n’ ejGZ Kwe Kx eywSGqGQb? AcvGikGbi cÉÕ§wZ wbwœQj jwZdiv| Z^ÅwU ivRvKvi
Kwig gy´Öxi Õ¨x ˆgvGgbv êk mnR-mij| Õ¼vgxi cÉwZ K KcU gvqv L ˆjvK ˆ`LvGbv Avì
Zvi wek¼vm, AvÕ©v I wbfÆiZv cÉej| mvaviY gvbyGli wbRvgyóxb nvbv`vi evwnbxGK RvwbGq w`Gj cvwKÕ¦vwb
M AvcbRGbi DrK¥¤v N mÕ¨Õ¦ fvGjvevmv evwnbxi AZwKÆZ nvgjvq jwZdiv kwn` nq|
mvijÅ I ˆLv`vfxwZGK cyuwR KGi Zvi Õ¼vgx ZvweR 19. Rv`yNGi msiwÞZ eÕ§i mvaviY jÞY nGœQ@
wewKÌ KGi ‰es cvwb cov w`Gq A^Æ DcvRÆb KGi| 27. DóxcGKi wbRvgyóxb ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’
i. hv PgKcÉ` KweZvsGki ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZi…c?
7. DóxcGKi ˆgvGgbv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb ii. hv jyµ¦cÉvq
PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? K wefxlY L ivgP±`Ê
iii. hv weÕÃq DG`ËMKvix
K Rwgjv L iwngv M jßY N KyÁ¿KYÆ
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
M AvGgbv N nvmywbi gv 28. DóxcGK I ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvsGk
K i I ii L i I iii
8. DóxcGKi Kwig gy´Öx I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ˆKvb welqwU cÉejfvGe cÉKvwkZ?
gwR` DfGqiB eÅemvi Drm nGjv@ K gvZ‡f„wgi cÉwZ fvGjvevmv
20. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvq Kwe wbGRi
i. cÉZviYv L ˆ`kG`ËvwnZv
cwiPq ævcb KGiGQb@
ii. gvbyGli mijZv M mvnwmKZv
K gRjyg ˆbZv wnGmGe
iii. agÆfxwZ L ˆkvwlZ gvbyl wnGmGe N eeÆiZv
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? M MYgvbyGli wkÍ¸x wnGmGe 29. gv`vg ˆjvBGmGji RxeGbi `yieÕ©vi RbÅ `vqx
K i I ii L ii I iii N cËvw¯¦KRb wnGmGe Zvi@
M i I iii N i, ii I iii 21. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq gƒjZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ K AbyKiYwcÉqZv L wejvmx Rxebhvcb
9. “ˆZvgvi `vwo KB wgTv”@ DwÚ KvGK DGók K m†wÓ¡i weRq AekÅÁ¿vex M DœPvwfjvl N KgÆwegyLZv
KGi ejv? L wewœQ®²ZvGevGai h¯Ÿv 30. ‘weovj’ iPbvi gãjv ˆK?
K gwR`GK L ZvGniGK M KveÅ m†wÓ¡i ˆcÉiYv K gvRÆvi L Mvwf
M KvGìGK N AvØvmGK N wPivqZ evsjvi i…c M ˆMvqvwjbx N gvbÅ eÅwÚ
1 N 2 L 3 K 4 L 5 L 6 N 7 L 8 N 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 K 13 M 14 K 15 K
Dîi
16 M 17 K 18 M 19 N 20 M 21 K 22 M 23 K 24 L 25 K 26 N 27 K 28 L 29 M 30 L
27. mKj êvWÆ 2018

evsjv (AvewkÅK) cÉ^g cò welq ˆKvW: 10 1
1. PveyGKi evwoi w`GK byi‚j ü`vi Avi gGbvGhvM 11. Pzwi Kivi cÉGqvRb ˆbB eGj Kviv Pzwi KGi bv? wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 22 I 23 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
ˆ`qv nGq DGV bv ˆKb? K mvayiv L K‡cGYiv êPvivi ‰KUv êk `ytL wQj| ˆQGjcyGj ˆbB|
K AvNvZ mGq hvIqvq M abxiv N wePviGKiv ˆmŒ`vwgbxi Õ¼vgx wÕ©i KiGjv, Avi ‰KwU weGqB
L g†ZzÅ wbwøZ Rvbvq wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 12 I 13 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: hywÚhyÚ; A¯¦Z ˆPÓ¡v KGi ˆ`Lv hvK| esk ˆZv àg
M gywÚGhv«¬vGì mÁ·GKÆ Mfxi fvebvq Avwè I kvwdK `yB e®¬y| Avwè AnsKvix, wbRÆxe, KGi ˆÌqv PGj bv|
N kixi Aek nIqvq ˆcŒi‚lkƒbÅ| AbÅw`GK kvwdK DœQj, iwmK| kvwdK 22. DóxcGKi ˆmŒ`vwgbxi Õ¼vgxi gGaÅ ‘jvjmvjy’
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 2 I 3 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI : ˆhGKvGbv cwiGeGk `Ë‚Z wbGRGK gvwbGq ˆbq| ˆm nGq DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi gvbwmKZv we`Ågvb?
RvZxq `Gji ˆLGjvqvo gy®²v wZb eQGii wk÷cyòGK IGV AvGjvPbvi gaÅgwY| K LvGjK eÅvcvixi L `y`y wgqvi
nvwiGq ˆkvGK ˆgvnÅgvb| bv ˆdivi ˆ`Gk PGj hvIqv 12. DóxcGKi kvwdK ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb M gwRGì N gZjye Luvi
cyGòi ˆkvK mvgjvGZ bv ˆcGi ˆm ˆLjvayjv ˆQGo PwiGòi cÉwZwbwa? 23. DóxcGK ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm AvgvGì
w`GqGQ| ZvBGZv ˆm ˆ`Gki gvwUGZ AbywÓ¤Z ‰wkqvb K Abycg L nwik mgvGRi ˆKvb AmãwZ we`Ågvb?
ˆMgGm dzUej ˆLjvq AskGZv ˆbqB wb, ‰gbwK ˆLjv M weby N kÁ¿zbv^ K ˆÕ¼œQvPvwiZv L eüweevn
ˆ`LGZI hvq wb| 13. ˆKvb KviGY DóxcGKi Avwè I ‘AcwiwPZv’ M evjÅweevn N cyi‚lZvw¯¨KZv
2. DóxcGKi gy®²v ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi MGÍ¸ Abycg mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 24. “`vGivMvevey ‰Gm eGm AvGQb eveyi mvG^|”
ˆKvb PwiGòi K^v gGb KwiGq ˆ`q? i. AnwgKvq “gvwm-wcwm” MGÍ¸i ‰ evGKÅ cÉKvk cvq@
ii. wbÕ·†nZvq i. eveyi mvG^ `vGivMveveyi myymÁ·KÆ iGqGQ
K Kwe L KwefÚ
iii. ˆgi‚`ínxbZvq ii. `vGivMveveyi üKzg cvjb KiGZ nGe
M Kwei Õ¼vgx N Kwei cyò
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? iii. `vGivMvevey gvwmwcwmi wePvi KiGZ
3. DóxcGK I ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq
hyMcrfvGe dzGU DGVGQ@ K i I ii L i I iii ‰GmGQb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
i. wbwjÆµ¦Zv
14. “MÉvGgi ˆQGj MÉvGg evm KiGe”@ ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i K i I ii L i I iii
ii. ÕÃ†wZKvZiZv
‰ evGKÅ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ MÉvGgi cÉwZ/Dci@ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ê`bv
K fvGjvevmv L `vwqZ½ 25. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvi K^GKi mîvq Kx jÞÅ
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? Kiv hvq?
M AwaKvi N AvKlÆY
K i I ii L i I iii
15. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸i cÉvGYi ÷i‚ nGqGQ K `†pGPZv gGbvfve L ÞgZvi ˆjvf
ˆKvbwU ˆ^GK? M cGivcKvGii gvbwmKZv
4. “ˆKb ‰ cíkÉg, gMGR nvwbQ kƒj|”@ Kwe N AvGcvmKvwgZv
K eÅvKGUwiqv L RxeGKvl
ˆKb ‰gb DwÚ KGiGQb? 26. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq jÞYxq welq@
M g†ZGKvl N fvBivm
K wewea agÆM¯ É © msMÉn Kivq i. evOvwji msMÉvgx gvbwmKZv
16. “Õ¼PGÞ ˆ`GLQ iÞtGkÉÓ¤, civKÌg `vGmi!”@
L agÆMÉ¯© n†`qãg KiGZ eÅ^Æ nIqvq ii. evOvwji Õ¼vwaKvi êva
wbGRGK ‘`vm’ ejvi ˆcQGb ˆgNbvGì ˆKvb
M wewf®² agÆMÉ¯© gyLÕ© Kivq iii. msMÉvg evOvwji HwZnÅ
gGbvfvewU wKÌqvkxj?
N aGgÆi evYx cÉPvi Kivq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K webq L esk ˆMŒie
5. wmivRDGóŒjv cÉRvmvaviGYi KvGQ wbGRGK M AnwgKv N nxbÁÃbÅZv K i I ii L i I iii
Acivax gGb Kivi A¯¦wbÆwnZ KviY, wZwb@ 17. ‘ˆjvK ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq “AvnZ Kwei Mvb”@ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K cÉRvGì myL-Õ¼vœQG±`Åi weavb KiGZ cvGib wb cO&wÚwUGZ Kwe AvnZ ˆKb? 27. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq avGbi
L BsGiRGì evwYRÅ Kivi AbygwZ w`GqGQb K Kwei MvGq ˆKD AvNvZ KGiGQ MG®¬i gGZv AÕ¹zU ˆK?
M NGmwU êMgGK A¯¦tcyGi ‰Gb îGLGQb L Kwe mãxwenxb eGj K k›LwPj L k›Lgvjv
N wgiRvdiGK ˆhvMÅ kvwÕ¦ ˆ`b wb M Õ¼µ² I evÕ¦eZvi UvbvGcvoGb M jßxGcuPv N my`kÆb
6. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi Kwe AÞq DrmvGn Kx cGob? N wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ê`bvq wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 28 I 29 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
K cÉe®¬ L ˆQvUMÍ¸ wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 18 I 19 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: `vI :
M ögYe†îv¯¦ N KveÅ gvgyb, gvwUÆb ‰es kÁ¿z wZb mncvVx| C` DcjGÞ Kvjvg fvov Kiv evwoGZ emevm KGi| `xNÆw`b ‰K
7. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ˆKuvPwe«¬ nGq wbnZ nq ˆK? gvwUÆb gvgyGbi evwoGZ AmGâvGP ˆhGZ cviGjI kÁ¿z evwoGZ ^vKvi myevG` evwoIqvjv AvGbvqvGii mvG^
K ZvGni L KvGì ˆhGZ cvGi bv| Zvi iGqGQ cvwievwiK evav| mymÁ·KÆ MGo IGV| AvGbvqvGii PvPvZ fvB Rvwgj
M Qwgi‚wób N AvGe` 18. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬ I DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ˆKvb mÁ·wîi ˆjvGf AvGbvqviGK nZÅv KiGZ D`ÅZ nq|
wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 8 I 9 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI : Awf®² KviGY kÁ¿z gvgyGbi evwoGZ hvIqv ˆ^GK RvwgGji ‰ ZrciZv AbÅvq ˆRGb evav ˆ`q Kvjvg|
a»sm ˆ`GL fq ˆKb ˆZvi? cÉjq bZzb m†Rb ê`b| weiZ ^vGK? AeGkGl RvwgGji nvGZ wbnZ nq Kvjvg|
AvmGQ bexb Rxeb nviv Amy±`Gi KiGZ ˆQ`b| K agÆxq ˆMuvovgx L A®¬ wek¼vm 28. DóxcGKi KvjvGgi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
8. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq DwÍÏwLZ AvVvGiv M ˆKŒjxYÅ N ˆjvKjäv bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiòGK Zzjbv Kiv hvq?
eQi eqGmi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡ÅwU DóxcGK dzGU 19. DóxcGKi kÁ¿zi mvG^ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i K ˆgvnbjvj L wgig`b
DGVGQ? ˆjLGKi Õ¼vZ¯¨Å KxGm? M muvGdÌ N DwgPuv`
K AvñcÉZÅq L D`Åg K gvbweKZvq L D`viZvq 29. ‰i…c Zzjbvi KviY, DfGqB@
M J«¬ZÅ N mnbkxjZv M msÕ•‡wZGZ N Rxeb `kÆGb i. ewnivMZ
9. wbGPi ˆKvb PiGY DÚ ŠewkÓ¡ÅwU cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ? 20. ˆKvb b`xi KvRj eyGKi cwjGZ MwjZ ˆng? ii. Õ¼GMvòxGqi RGbÅ jGoGQ
K ‰ eqm ˆhb fxi‚, Kvcyi‚l bq K c«Âv L ˆgNbv iii. bÅvGqi cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ ˆPGqGQ
L AvVvGiv eQi eqm fqâi M hgybv N myigv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
M ‰ eqm euvGP `yGhÆvGM Avi SGo 21. ˆgvZvGni ˆnvGmb ˆPŒayix e†GÞi RxeGbi ˆKvb K i I ii L i I iii
N ‰ eqGm ZvB ˆbB ˆKvGbv mskq `ywU wRwbm Dcjwº¬ Kivi cÞcvZx? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
10. bymivZ kvGni Avkivdcyi wkjvwjwc ˆKvb niGd K mv^ÆKZv I mRxeZv 30. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq Kwei Kvw›ÞZ AÕ¨ DGîvwjZ
ˆjLv? L MwZ I weKvk nGj Kx Luv Luv KiGe bv?
M MwZ I cÉK‡wZ K dmGji gvV L M†nÕ©vwj
K Aviwe L dvwmÆ
N ŠÕ©hÆ I bxieZv M cÉv¯¦i N w`M¯¦
M ZzwKÆ N D`Æy
1 M 2 K 3 N 4 L 5 K 6 M 7 M 8 K 9 K 10 M 11 K 12 L 13 M 14 M 15 N
Dîi
16 K 17 M 18 K 19 N 20 N 21 L 22 M 23 L 24 L 25 K 26 N 27 M 28 M 29 L 30 L
28. XvKv, w`bvRcyi, wmGjU, hGkvi êvWÆ 2018

[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@ Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI| M`Å Ask ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg `ywU, KweZvsk ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg
`ywU, DcbÅvm ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU I bvUK ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| ‰KB cÉGk²i DîGi mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÉY `ƒlYxq|]
K wefvM  M`Å 4. ‘weeZÆb’ msÕ•‡wZGKG±`Ê AbywÓ¤Z AvGjvPbv mfvq cÉavb AwZw^ Zuvi
1. `wi`Ë evev-gv ZvGì cÉ^g m¯¦vGbi bvg ivGLb mvRvnvb| ZvGì Õ¼µ² ÷GfœQv eÚGeÅ wkÞv^ÆxGì DGóGkÅ `yGUv DcG`k w`Gjb@
mvRvnvb AGbK eo nGe| wK¯§ Avw^ÆK Afve I wkÞv bv ^vKvq mvRvnvb i. DœPvwfjvl I wejvwmZvi KviGY nVvr wm«¬v¯¦ wbGq ˆKvGbv KvR KGiv
wKGkvi eqGmB KvGR ˆbGg cGo| cvGki MÉvGgi K‡cY I abx Avjg bv| Zv ˆZvgvGì wecG` ˆdjGe ‰es AvRxeb ˆZvgvGK AmyLx KiGe|
mvGnGei evwoGZ mvRvnvb KvGRi ˆjvK wnGmGe wbhyÚ nq| cÉwZw`b NGi I ii. mva I mvGaÅi gGaÅ mg®¼q KiGZ bv cviGj cwiYvGg `ytL ˆcGZ nq|
evBGi mgvb cwikÉg KGi mvRvnvb| wK¯§ cwikÉg Abyhvqx Zuvi fvGMÅ Lvevi K. wg. ˆjvBGmj I Zvi Õ¨x FY ˆkvGai RbÅ KZ eQi KÓ¡ KGiwQGjb? 1
ˆRvGU bv| ‰Kw`b evRvGii UvKv euvwPGq mvRvnvb jvìz wKGb Lvq| wK¯§ L. ˆjvBGmGji gGb meÆ`v `ytGLi Qvqv ^vGK ˆKb? 2
UvKvi wnGme w`GZ bv cvivq Avjg mvGne ZvGK wb`ÆqfvGe gvGi| gGb M. DóxcGKi cÉ^g DcG`k ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb w`GKi BwãZ wbG`Æk
ˆÞvf wbGqI mvRvnvb me mnÅ KGi, KviY ˆm RvGb, ˆm Mixe-Amnvq| KGi? weGkÏlY KGiv| 3
K. weovj KgjvKv¯¦GK KZw`b DGcvm KiGZ eGjGQ? 1 N. “DóxcGKi DcG`k `yGUv ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i Rxeb `kÆbGK aviY
KGiGQ|”@ ‰ g¯¦eÅ KZUv ˆhŒwÚK? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
L. “ˆPvi ˆ`vlx eGU, wK¯§ K‡cY abx Z`GcÞv kZàY ˆ`vlx|”@ ‰ K^vi
ZvrchÆ Kx? 2 L wefvM  KweZv
M. “DóxcKwU mvRvnvb I ‘weovj’ iPbvi weovj ‰KB weoÁ¼bvi 5. ˆn my±ìx emy®¬Gi, ˆZvgv cvGb ˆPGq
Askx`vi|”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 3 KZevi cÉvY, ˆgvi DwVqvGQ ˆMGq
cÉKví DÍÏvm fGi, BœQv KwiqvGQ
N. “DóxcKwU ‘weovj’ iPbvi fvemGZÅi ˆhb cÉZxKx i…c|”@ ‰ gZ
meGj AuvKwo awi ‰ eGÞi KvGQ
KZUv MÉnYGhvMÅ? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
mgy`Ë ˆgLjv civ Ze KwUG`k;
2. b`x Kfz cvb bvwn, KGi wbR Rj, cÉfvZ îŒG`Ëi gGZv Ab¯¦ AGkl
Zi‚MY bvwn Lvq, wbR wbR dj| eÅµ¦ nGq w`GK w`GK AiGYÅ f„aGi
Mvfx Kfz bvwn KGi wbR `y™¬ cvb KÁ·gvb cÍÏGei wnGÍÏvGji cGi
KvÓ¤ `™¬ nGq KGi, cGi A®²`vb| Kwi b†ZÅ mvivGejv;
K. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU ˆKvb KvGeÅi A¯¦MÆZ? 1
Õ¼YÆ KGi wbR i…Gc, AcGi ˆkvwfZ
L. “‰Gmv Kwe ALÅvZRGbi|”@ ALÅvZRGbi KweGK ˆKb Avn»vb Kiv
eskx KGi wbR Õ¼Gi AcGi ˆgvwnZ| nGqGQ? 2
kmÅ R¯ÃBqv bvwn Lvq RjaGi M. DóxcGKi eYÆbvi mvG^ ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi ˆh w`GKi wgj ˆ`Lv hvq Zv
mvayi Hk¼hÆÅ ÷ay ciwnZ ZGi| weGkÏlY KGiv| 3
K. b`xGK gbylÅGZ½i cÉZxK eGjGQb ˆK? 1 N. “DóxcGKi wPògq eYÆbvi mvG^ ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq wPwòZ wek¼ ˆmŒ±`hÆ
L. “hv Zvi cÉvwµ¦ ZvB Zvi `vb|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆhb ‰KvñZv jvf KGiGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGKi ggÆv^Æ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i eÚGeÅi mvG^ KZUv 6. Avgiv Pwj mÁÃyLcvGb
mv`†kÅcƒYÆ weGkÏlY KGiv| 3 ˆK AvgvGì euvaGe?
N. “DóxcGKi eÚeÅ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i mvgwMÉK fvGei mswÞµ¦ iBj hviv wcQyi UvGb
mvi|”@ ‰ g¯¦GeÅi h^v^Æ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 Kuv`Ge Zviv Kuv`Ge|
wQuoe evav iÚ cvGq,
3. ˆgveviK wbtm¯¦vb `wi`Ë K‡lK| ˆm kxGZi ˆKvGbv ‰K m®¬Åvq KvR Pje QyGU îŒG`Ë QvGq
ˆkGl eÅÕ¦fvGe evwo wdiwQGjv| nVvr eo Avg evMvGbi wfZi ˆ^GK ‰K RwoGq Iiv Avcb MvGq
wk÷i Kv®²vi kõ Zvi KvGb ‰Gjv| ˆm ‰KUz ‰wMGq ˆ`LGjv, ‰K i‚™² wk÷ ˆKejB duv` duv`Ge|
÷KGbv cvZvi wfZi boGQ| wk÷wUGK ˆgveviK evwo wbGq ‰Gjv ‰es Õ¨x K. AvVvGiv eQi eqm c`vNvGZ Kx fvOGZ Pvq? 1
dwi`vGK ˆWGK ejGjv, “‰B bvI, AvgvGì kƒbÅ NGii Avb±`|” `yRGb L. “‰ eqm RvGb iÚ`vGbi cyYÅ|”@ ‰ K^vi ZvrchÆ Kx? 2
wgGj wk÷wUi bvg ivLj ingZ| wk÷wUGK ˆgveviK I dwi`v m¯¦vb ˆÕ²Gn M. DóxcGKi fvevG^Æi mvG^ ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi ˆKvb w`GKi
jvjb-cvjb KiGZ jvMGjv| mv`†kÅ jÞYxq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
K. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ ˆjLK eywoGK cÉ^g ˆKv^vq ˆ`GLwQGjb? 1 N. DóxcGKi eÚeÅ I ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi ˆh fveMZ wgj
iGqGQ, Zv ˆKvb AG^Æ BwZevPK? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
L. ‘Ii ˆÕ²nvZzi Avñv eü`ƒi ˆ^GK Avgvq Avn»vb KGi ‰GbGQ|”@ ‰
DwÚi ZvrchÆ Kx? 2 7. cwiPGq Avwg evOvwj, Avgvi AvGQ BwZnvm MGeÆi@
M. DóxcGKi ˆgveviK `Á·wZi gvaÅGg ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb w`KwUi KLGbvB fq KwiwbGKv Avwg D`ÅZ ˆKvb LoGMi|
kò‚i mvG^ jovB KGiwQ, Õ¼Gµ²i mvG^ evm;
cÉwZ BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
AGÕÏ kvb w`GqwQ ˆhgb kmÅ KGiwQ Pvl;
N. “DóxcGKi A¯¦wbÆwnZ ZvrchÆ I ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i gƒj eÚeÅ ‰KB mƒGò
‰KB nvwm gyGL evwRGqwQ euvwk Mjvq cGowQ duvm
Muv^v|”@ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 AvGcvl-Kwiwb KLGbvB Avwg@ ‰B nGjv BwZnvm|
K. ‘wKse`w¯¦’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 M. DóxcGKi ing Avjx I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiGòi mv`†kÅ
L. “Zuvi wcGV iÚRevi gZ ÞZ wQj|”@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2 wbYÆq KGiv| 3
M. DóxcGKi BwZnvm cÉmã ‰es ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq N. “DóxcGKi kvnvbv I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjvi fvMÅ ‰KB mƒGò
HwZnÅGPZbvi mv`†kÅ wbG`Æk KGiv| 3 Muv^v|”@ ‰ g¯¦eÅ KZUv MÉnYGhvMÅ? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
N. “DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ msMÉvgxGPZbv ˆhb ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK : wmivRDGóŒjv ]
KweZvi fvemGZÅi msnZi…c|”@ ‰ AwfgZ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 10. BwZnvm c^ wbGjv KzwUj c«Âvi euvGK euvGK,
M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy] evi‚G` ˆRvqvi jvGM, cxZvã ˆMuvqvi evb WvGK@
8. KvRxcyi MÉvg ˆ^GK kni AGbKUv `ƒGi AewÕ©Z| cÉK‡wZ D`vi nvGZ ‰wkqvi mƒhÆ IGV ˆ`v`Æí cÉZvc|
‰ AçGji gvbylGK kGmÅ I mÁ·G` myLx îGLGQ| ‰ AçGji gvbyGli w`b AvZÆbv` KGi wbGZ AMwYZ cÉRvcyé
KvGU dmGji ˆÞGZ, M†nÕ©vwj KvGR, nvwm-DrmGe I cÉPwjZ wek¼vGm| ‰ wek¼vmNvZK cÉfz wbGqGQ we`vq;
MÉvGgi gvZe»i digvb Avjxi evwoGZ ‰K co¯¦ weGKGj gZje wgqv bvGg ˆh KÑxe cvjvGe Zvi gywÚ ˆbB Avi|
AGPbv ‰K ìGeGki AvMgb| `yMÆg c^ cvi nGq Avmv gZje wgqvi K. wmivRDGóŒjvi gvGqi bvg Kx? 1
ˆPvGL-gyGL-Avkâv, DG«¼M I Õ¼Gµ²i wewPò Avfvm| mevi mvgGb ˆm L. “Avgvi bvwjk AvR Avgvi wei‚G«¬”@ ‰ DwÚi ZvrchÆ Kx? 2
wbGRGK cxi wnGmGe cwiPq w`Gq bvbv iKg AGjŒwKK KgÆKvGíi MÍ¸ M. DóxcGKi eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cUf„wgMZ mv`†kÅ
ejGZ ÷i‚ KGi| KZUzKz weGkÏlY KGiv| 3
K. ‘giv gvbyl wR±`v nq KÅvgGb?’@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1 N. “wek¼vmNvZK cÉfz wbGqGQ we`vq|”@ ‰ DwÚwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
L. “MÉvGgi gvbyl ˆhb iwngviB AbÅ msÕ•iY|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 bvUGKi Kvwnbxi AvGjvGK KZUv mZÅ? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGKi gZje wgqv ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` 11. ‘ˆgNbvèa KvGeÅ’i ˆ`kGcÉwgK ivÞmivR iveY ˆ`Gk kò‚GewÓ¡Z I
AvñcwiPq`vGb I AvñcÉKvGk KZUv Awf®²? gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 3 Aei‚«¬| ivgP±`Ê I Zvi evbi ŠmbÅ jâv bMixGK Pviw`K ˆ^GK wNGi
N. DóxcGKi MÉvgRxeb ˆhb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi MÉvgRxeGbi îGLGQ| iveGYi AbyR wefxlY kò‚GmbvGì mvG^ ˆhvM w`Gq iveGYi
LwíZi…c@ ‰ g¯¦eÅ KZUv ˆhŒwÚK? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 wecGÞ ùvwoGqGQ| Pvwiw`GK Awek¼vm, cÉZviYv I wechÆGqi nvZQvwb|
9. w`bgRyi Aveyj wgqvi ‰Kgvò ˆgGq kvnvbv| ‰Lb ˆm evGiv eQGii hy«¬GÞò ˆ^GK exi cyòGì g†ZzÅi Lei AvGm Zuvi KvGb| wel®² I ˆ`ËvnÞzº¬
wKGkvix| ˆPnvivUv ‰KUz îvMv eGj eqmUv Zvi wVK KGZv Zv êvSv hvq iveY kò‚i ˆgvKvwejv Kivi RbÅ hy«¬mvR wbGq iYGÞGò AMÉmi nq|
bv| kvnvbv Lye Pçj I Õ¼vaxbGPZv| ˆm DœQj I nvmÅgyLi| nVvr iBP ˆ`Gki RbÅ ‰ msMÉvg cÉK‡Z exiGZ½i gwngvq Dä¾j|
NUK cvGki MÉvGgi ing Avjx bvGg ‰K gaÅeqmx cvGòi cÉÕ¦ve wbGq K. Kvi wbG`ÆGk wmivRDGóŒjvGK nZÅv Kiv nq? 1
AvGm| kvnvbvi wcZv AfvGei K^v ˆfGe kvnvbvi weGqi ‰ cÉÕ¦vGe ivwR L. “kIKZ Rã beve nGj mKGji DGókÅ nvwmj nGe|”@ ˆKb? 2
nq| kvnvbvi `y’ˆPvGL weÕÃq I ˆÞvf| kvnvbvi Õ¼µ²àGjv, ing Avjxi M. DóxcGKi iveY PwiòwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^
AvPiGY I i…pZvq weP„YÆ nGq hvq| mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? weGkÏlY KGiv| 3
K. AvØvm MÉvGg Kx cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ ˆPGqwQj? 1 N. DóxcGKi ˆ`kGcÉg ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KxfvGe cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ
L. “avb w`qv Kx nBe, gvbyGli Rvb hw` bv ^vGK?”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 Zv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
29. ivRkvnx, KzwgÍÏv, PëMÉvg, ewikvj êvWÆ 2018

[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@ Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI| M`Å Ask ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg `ywU, KweZvsk ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg
`ywU, DcbÅvm ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU I bvUK ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| ‰KB cÉGk²i DîGi mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÉY `ƒlYxq|]
K wefvM  M`Å K. ‘ZGcveb’ ˆcÉwgK ˆK? 1
1. KbÅvi evc meyi KwiGZ cvwiGZb, wK¯§ eGii evc meyi KwiGZ L. e†Þ KxfvGe bxie fvlvq AvgvGì mv^ÆKZvi Mvb ˆkvbvq? 2
PvwnGjb bv| wZwb ˆ`wLGjb, ˆgGqwUi weevGni eqm cvi nBqv wMqvGQ, M. DóxcGKi gƒjfve ˆKvb wePvGi ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i gƒjfveGK
wK¯§ Avi wKQy w`b ˆMGj ˆmUvGK f`Ë ev Af`Ë ˆKvGbv iKGg Pvcv wèvi aviY KGi, ˆZvgvi `†wÓ¡GKvY ˆ^GK wePvi KGiv| 3
mgqUvI cvi nBqv hvBGe| ˆgGqi eqm A‹ea iKGg evwoqv wMqvGQ eGU, N. “DóxcGKi ˆPZbv I ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i ˆPZbv mvgwMÉK `†wÓ¡GZ
wK¯§ cGYi UvKvi AvGcwÞK ài‚Z½ ‰LbI Zvnvi ˆPGq wKwçr DcGi AvGQ, ‰K bq”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
ˆmB RbÅ Zvov| 3. “AvGM Kx my±ì w`b KvUvBZvg|
K. AbycGgi wcmZzGZv fvBGqi bvg Kx? 1 MÉvGgi bIGRvqvb wn±`y-gymjgvb
L. ‘A®²cYƒ Ævi ˆKvGj MRvbGbi ˆQvU fvBwU’@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 wgwjqv evDjv Mvb NvUzMvb MvBZvg|
M. DóxcGKi eGii evGci mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi gvgvi elÆv hLb nBZ MvwRi MvBb AvBZ
mv`†kÅ I Šemv`†kÅ wbi…cY KGiv| 3 iGã XGã MvBZ Avb±` cvBZvg
N. “DóxcGKi NUbvwPGò ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Lívsk cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ”@ evDjv Mvb NvUzMvb AvbG±ì Zzdvb
DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 MvBqv mvwiMvb bvI ˆ`ŒovBZvg\”@ ‰B KweZvsGk K‡lKGì ‰Z
2. b`x Kfz cvb bvwn, KGi wbR Rj, AvbG±ì KviY ZvGì A^Æ‹bwZK Õ¼wbfÆiZv|
Zi‚MY bvwn Lvq, wbR wbR dj| K. ‘cLvj’ kõwUi A^Æ Kx? 1
Mvfx Kfz bvwn KGi wbR `y™¬ cvb L. ‘wkGi w`Gq euvKv ZvR
KvÓ¤ `™¬ nGq KGi, cGi A®²`vb| ˆXGK ivGL UvK&@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
Õ¼YÆ KGi wbR i…Gc, AcGi ˆkvwfZ M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ MÉvg evsjvi gvbyGli mvG^ ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i
eskx KGi wbR Õ¼Gi AcGi ˆgvwnZ| DwÍÏwLZ K‡lGKi AeÕ©vi ZzjbvgƒjK AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ K‡lKGì gZ myLx-mg†«¬ Rxeb wdGi ˆcGZ ‘Pvlvi AGbK `ƒGi ‰K MÉvGgi ˆKivgZ bvgK KweivGRi m®¬vb cvq| m¯¦vb
`yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i K‡lKGì Rxebgvb DîiGYi Dcvq Kx eGj ˆjLK gGb jvGfi Avkvq eÅvKzj igRvb `Ë‚Z nvwjgvGK ˆmLvGb wbGq hvq| KweivR
KGib? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 ˆnKgZ AGbKÞY chÆGeÞY KGi eGjb “ˆcGU êwo cGo eBjvBGZv
4. iZb Zvi ˆQvU fvBGK wbGq ‰Kw`b c›LxivR ˆNvovq ˆPGc DGo Õ¨xGjvGKi m¯¦vbvw` nq bv, KvGiv cGo mvZ cÅuvP KvGiv ˆPŒó|
DGo gãjMÉGn wMGq bvGg| ˆmLvGb A«¿zZ AvK‡wZi AmsLÅ cÉvYx ˆ`GL Zviv K. gwR` KvGK kvwo wKGb w`GqwQj? 1
weGgvwnZ nq| ˆmLvGb ‰KwU evMvGb cÉGek KiGZB bxj iGOi wZb ev L. ‘avb w`qv wK nBe, gvbyGli Rvb hw` bv ^vGK’@ ‰ DwÚ «¼viv Kx
wewkÓ¡ ‰K`j cÉvYx ZvGì AvKÌgY KGi| AvñiÞvi ZvwMG` iZb Zvi eySvGbv nGqGQ? 2
ˆQvU fvBGK ˆmLvGb îGLB c›LxivR ˆNvovq DGV eGm| wbwgGlB ˆm M. DóxcGKi igRvb I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi gGaÅ
‰KvKx gãjMÉn ˆ^GK Õ¼Õ©vGb wdGi ‰Gm c›LxivR ˆ^GK bvgGZ wMGq we`Ågvb mv`†kÅ I Šemv`†kÅ wbYÆq KGiv| 3
gvwUGZ cGo hvq ‰es Nyg fvOGZB Õ¼µ² nvwiGq hvq| N. DóxcGKi ˆKivgZ KweivR ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì ˆjvK
K. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ DwÍÏwLZ ˆmŒiRMGZi Z‡Zxq MÉGni bvg VKvGbvB ˆckv@ DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
Kx? 1 9. evwoGZ `yB eD ^vKvi ciI eRjy ˆPŒwK`vi MZ gvGm cÉ^g Õ¨xi
L. gvbyl wbGRivB wbGRGK a»sm KGi”@ KxfvGe? 2 AGaÆK eqmx AvGiKwU ˆgGqGK weGq KGi NGi ‰GbGQ| ‰ AÍ¸ eqÕ•v
M. iZb ‰KvKx gãj MÉn ˆ^GK Õ¼Õ©vGb wdGi Avmvi KviYwU eDGK eRjy KvGiv mvgGb AvmGZ ˆ`q bv| ‰i AbÅ^v nGj eDGK Kov
‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 kvmb KGi| ‰Kw`b cvGki evwoi ˆQGji mvG^ K^v ejvi AcivGa ˆQvU
N. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸i wcucov Avi gãj MÉGni A«¿zZ eDGK kxGZi ivGZ NGii evBGi êuGa ivGL| ‰ NUbvq cÉ^g eD Lye KÓ¡
cÉvYxàGjv ˆhb ‰KB gy`Ëvi ‰wcV-IwcV”@ DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 cvq| mviv ivZ ˆm Nygvq bv, Avevi Kg eqmx ˆgGqUvGK NGi ˆWGK ˆbGe
‰gb mvnmI cvq bv|
L wefvM  KweZv
K. gwR`GK ˆ`GL cÉ^g Rwgjvi Kx gGb nGqwQj? 1
5. nvRvi nvRvi ŠmbÅ hy«¬GÞGò cyZzGji gZ ùvwoGq ^vGK, ˆgvnbjvj L. Rwgjv gwRGì gyGL ^y^y w`GqwQj ˆKb? 2
I gxig`Ævb cÉvYcGY hy«¬ KGiI gxiRvdGii wek¼vmNvZKZvi KvGQ M. DóxcGKi eRjy ˆPŒwK`vGii gvbwmKZv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb
civwRZ nq| weËwUk ŠmbÅiv AbvqvGmB evsjv `Lj KGi ˆbq| ‰fvGeB PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
1757 mvGji 23 Ryb evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZvi Aemvb NGU| N. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` Pwiò weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
K. ˆmŒwgwò ˆK? 1
N wefvM  mncvV [bvUK ]
L. ‘nvq ZvZ, DwPZ wK Ze ‰ KvR?’@ ˆK, ˆKb ‰ DwÚwU KGiwQj? 2
10. bZzb evBGK ˆPGc ivGk` ‰Kw`b weGKGj Zvi gvgvi evwoi
M. “DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi ˆKvb PwiGòi
DGóGkÅ iIbv ˆ`q| cw^gGaÅ wbRÆb Õ©vGb jvwVGZ fi w`Gq ùvwoGq ^vKv
cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? ZzjbvgƒjK AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
‰KRb ˆjvK nvZ ZzGj ZvGK ^vgGZ eGj| ivGk` KvGQ wMGq evBK ^vgvGj
N. “DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi gƒjfvGei mvG^
ˆjvKwU ZvGK AbyGiva KGi eGj@ “fvB, Avwg ‰KRb cãy gvbyl, `qv
AvswkK mvgémÅcƒYÆ”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
KGi AvgvGK mvgGbi ˆgvGo bvwgGq w`Geb?” ivGk` ZvGK evBGKi wcQGb
6. bwg Avwg cÉwZRGb, Avw«¼R-Pívj, wbGq wKQy`ƒi ˆhGZB ˆjvKwU ˆKŒkGj Zvi nvGZi jvwV ˆdGj ˆ`q ‰es
cÉfz, KÌxZ`vm! ZvGK jvwVUv AvbGZ AbyGiva KGi| ivGk` evBK ˆ^GK ˆbGg jvwV AvbGZ
wm®¬ygƒGj Rjwe±`y, wek¼gƒGj AYy; ˆMGj ˆjvKwU wbwgGlB evBK wbGq DavI nGq hvq|
mgGMÉ cÉKvk! K. BsGiRiv civwRZ nGq ˆKvb RvnvGR AvkÉq ˆbq? 1
bwg K‡wl-Z¯§Rxex, Õ©cwZ, ZÞK L. “Bwb wK beve, bv dwKi?”@ gxiRvdi mÁ·GKÆ KÑvBGfi ‰ DwÚi
KgÆ, PgÆKvi! KviY Kx? 2
K. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU ˆKvb KveÅMÉ¯© ˆ^GK ˆbIqv nGqGQ? 1 M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ cãy ˆjvKwUi wek¼vmNvZKZvi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
L. “ˆh^v cvB wPògqx eYÆbvi evYx KzovBqv Avwb|”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 bvUGKi KZUzKz wgj AvGQ@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
M. DóxcK I ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi mv`†kÅ I Šemv`†kÅ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 N. mij wek¼vGmi KviGY gvbyl cÉZviYvi wkKvi nq@ DóxcGKi
N. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi ggÆv^Æ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 AvGjvGK g¯¦eÅwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv bvUGKi ˆÞGò KZUzKz mZÅ Zv
7. 1971 mvGj gywÚhyG«¬ cvK-nvbv`vi evwnbx wbweÆPvGi AMwYZ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
evOvwjGK nZÅv KGi| ˆ`Gk ‰gb AivRKZv ˆ`GL Zi‚Y hyeK iwdK Avi 11. eÅvsK gÅvGbRvi gGbvqvi ˆnvGmb AZÅ¯¦ mijgbv I D`vi cÉK‡wZi
Pzc ^vKGZ cvGi bv| Acwimxg mvnm wbGq ˆm gywÚhyG«¬ SuvwcGq cGo| gvbyl| eÅvsGKi cÉwZwU KgÆPvixGK wZwb AMva wek¼vm KGib| Zuvi gvgvi
RxeGbi gvqv ZÅvM KGi ˆ`k I `Gki KjÅvGY ˆm wbGRGK DrmMÆ KGi| AbyGivGa gvKmy` nvmvb bvGgi ‰K eÅwÚGK wZwb KÅvwkqvi cG` wbGqvM
K. ‘Qvocò’ KveÅMÉ¯©wU KZ mvGj cÉKvwkZ nq? 1 ˆ`b ‰es wm±`yGKi Pvwe nÕ¦v¯¦i KGib| ‰Kw`b ivGZi A®¬KvGi Šbk
L. Kwe ˆKb ˆhŒebkwÚi RqMvb KGiGQb? 2 cÉnixi mnvqZvq gvKmy` nvmvb eÅvsGKi mKj A^ÆmÁ·` AvñmvZ KGi
M. DóxcGKi iwdK ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi ˆKvb ŠewkGÓ¡Åi AvñGMvcb KGib|
cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv bvUGKi cÉ^g msjvc Kvi? 1
N. “AvñZÅvM I gvbe KjÅvY ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi AvGjvGK L. ievUÆ KÑvBf bvixi Q«ÂGeGk wgiGbi evwo ‰GmwQj ˆKb? 2
DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGKi ˆh welqàGjv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mvG^ mvgémÅcƒYÆ
M wefvM  mncvV [DcbÅvm : jvjmvjy] Zvi ZzjbvgƒjK AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
8. igRvb I nvwjgvi `k eQGii msmvi| weGqi ci ˆ^GK AGbK N. beve wmivRDGóŒjvi A`ƒi`wkÆZvmgƒn DóxcGKi eÅvsK gÅvGbRvGii
ˆPÓ¡vi ciI ZvGì ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb nq bv| AGbK ˆLuvRvLuywRi ci Zviv AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4

[`ËÓ¡eÅ:@ Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI| M`Å Ask ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg `ywU, KweZvsk ˆ^GK
bƒÅbZg `ywU, DcbÅvm ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU I bvUK ˆ^GK bƒÅbZg ‰KwU KGi ˆgvU mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| ‰KB cÉGk²i DîGi mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÉY `ƒlYxq|]
K wefvM  M`Å K. “Kwnj ˆm wÕ²™¬ AuvwL Zzwj”@ Kvi K^v ejv nGqGQ? 1
1. evsjvG`Gki KzwUi wkÍ¸GK mg†«¬ KGiGQ bK&kx Kuv^v| MÉvGgi ˆgGqiv mƒP- L. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwUGZ bvUKxq àYmÁ·®² KweZv ejv nGq ˆKb? 2
myZvi mvnvGhÅ AcƒeÆ bKkv ˆZvGj KvcGo| ‰B bK&kx Kuv^v wbGq KveÅ iwPZ M. DóxcGKi em¯¦ eYÆbvi mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi em¯¦ eYÆbvi
nGqGQ| weG`Gk iµ¦vwb nq bK&kx Kuv^v| ‰fvGe `wi`Ë ˆgGqiv Õ¼vejÁ¼x nGq DGVGQ| mv`†kÅ-Šemv`†kÅ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
knGiI KzwUi wkGÍ¸i RbwcÉqZv evoGQ| ‰wU ‰Lb ‰KwU jvfRbK eÅemv| ‰i N. DóxcGKi gƒjmƒi ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
dGj AvgvGì ˆjvKwkÍ¸ Zvi nvivGbv ˆMŒie wdGi cvGœQ| 7. “e®¬y ˆZvgvi Qvo DG«¼M, myZxÞ° Ki wPî
K. ÛGKv kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 evsjvi gvwU `yRÆq NuvwU eyGS wbK `ye†Æî
L. “wkGi w`Gq euvKv ZvR ˆXGK ivGL UvK”@ ejGZ ˆjLK Kx eywSGqGQb? 2 gƒp kò‚GK nvGbv ˆmÉvZ i‚GL, Z±`ÊvKi wQ®²,
M. DóxcGKi ˆKvb w`KwU ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ AvGjvPbv ‰KvMÉ ˆ`Gk kò‚iv ‰Gm nGq hvK wbwøn×|
KGiv| 3 NGi ˆZvj avb weµÏex cÉvY cÉÕ§Z ivGLv KvGÕ¦,
N. DóxcGKi A¯¦wbÆwnZ ZvrchÆwU ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK weGkÏlY MvI mvwi Mvb, nvwZqvGi kvb `vI AvR D`qvGÕ¦|”
KGiv| 4 myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ ‰B wek¼GK wk÷i evmGhvMÅ Kivi RbÅ gnvgvbeGK Avn»vb
2. wbtm¯¦vb ˆmŒ`vwgbx gvGjv `ywfÆGÞ g†Z ‰K gymjgvb K‡lK cwievGii RvwbGqGQb@ “ˆn gnvgvbe ‰Kevi ‰Gmv wdGi”..................
Amnvq wk÷ cyòGK gvZ‡GÕ²Gn eyGK ZzGj ˆbq| wk÷i bvg ˆ`q nwi`vm| eo nGq K. bƒij`xGbi evwo ˆKv^vq wQj? 1
nwi`vm hLb RvbGZ cvGi ˆm gymjgvGbi ˆQGj ZLb ˆm ˆmŒ`vwgbxGK ˆQGo L. “hLb Avgvi Õ¼µ² jyU nGq hvq”@ ejGZ Kwe Kx eywSGqGQb? 2
M. DóxcGKi KweZvwUi mvG^ ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvq ˆKvb
cvwjGq hvq| nwi`vmGK nvwiGq ˆmŒ`vwgbxi gvZ‡n†`q nvnvKvi KGi IGV| agÆ, welGq mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
eYÆ, A^Æ ‰me wKQyi EGa»Æ gvZ‡Z½| kIKZ ImgvGbi’ ˆmŒ`vwgbx gvGjv’ N. DóxcGKi Kwe ˆh KviGY gnvgvbGei AvwefÆve Kvgbv KGib Šmq` kvgmyj
ˆQvUMÍ¸wUGZ ‰fvGe gvbeZvi RqMvb a»wbZ nGqGQ| nKI ‰KB KviGY bƒij`xGbi cybivwefÆve Kvgbv KGib@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
K. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i eywoGK ˆK gv eGj WvGK? 1 M wefvM  DcbÅvm
L. “Avgvi gb nqGZv Ii WvK ‰evi Avi ZvwœQjÅ KiGZ cvGiwb”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 8. ewncxi : ..... wewe mvGne@
M. ‘ˆmŒ`vwgbx gvGjv’ MÍ¸wUi mvG^ ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i mv`†kÅ-Šemv`†kÅ AvGjvPbv ZvGniv: (evav w`Gq DœPÕ¼Gi) AvgvGK wewe WvKGeb bv| weGqGZ Avwg gZ w`B
KGiv| 3 bvB| Avcbvi mGã Avgvi weGq nqwb|
N. DóxcGKi gƒjeÚeÅ ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 ewncxi : (‰KUz îGM) Avcwb gZ bv w`GjI Avcbvi evcRvb w`GqGQb| Zvnv
3. ˆKD QvjUv QvwoGq wbGq wm«¬ KiGQ| cvZvàGjv wQuGo wkGj wclGQ ˆKD| Qvov mvÞx mvey` mGgZ KvwebbvgvI nBqv wMqvGQ| ‰Lb ˆmK^v ewjGj PjGe
KwP WvjàGjv ˆfGO wPGevq KZ ˆjvK..... ùvZ fvj ^vGK| KweivRiv cÉksmvq ˆKb| (myi e`wjGq) ˆ`Lyb gb w`qv Avgvi K^v ÷byb|
cçgyL| KvGU bv, wK¯§ hðI KGi bv| nVvr ‰Kw`b ‰KUv bZzb aiGbi ˆjvK ZvGniv : (Avevi evav w`Gq) Avwg Avcbvi ˆKvGbv K^v ÷bGZ PvB bv| Avgvi
‰j| gy™¬ `†wÓ¡GZ ˆPGq iBj wbgMvGQi w`GK| Qvj ZzjGj bv, cvZv wQuoGj bv, evcRvb Avi mrgv AvcbvGK Lywk Kivi RbÅ Avcbvi mGã weGq w`GqGQb|
Wvj fvOGj bv, gy™¬ `†wÓ¡GZ ˆPGq iBGj ÷ay| Avwg ˆhb ˆKvievwbi eKwi| Avcwb cywjGk Lei w`GZ cvGib, Avcwb Avgvi
K. e†GÞi Mvb ÷bGZ nGe KxfvGe? 1 evcRvbGK ˆWGK cvVvGZ cvGib, Avgvi Ici Ryjgy KiGZ cvGib| wK¯§ Avwg
L. “gvbyGli e†w«¬ ˆKej Š`wnK bq, AvwñK”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 Avcbvi mGã hve bv|
M. DóxcGKi wbgMvQwU ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i ˆÞGò KZUv cÉvmwãK K. ajv wgqv Kvi fvB? 1
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk”@ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
N. DóxcGKi gƒjeÚeÅ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGKi ZvGnivi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjv PwiGòi mv`†kÅ
4. “gvGMv, fvebv ˆKb? KZUzKz? 3
Avgiv ˆZvgvi kvw¯¦wcÉq kv¯¦ ˆQGj N. DóxcKwUGZ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ‰KwU LívsGki BwãZ iGqGQ@ g¯¦eÅwU
Zey kò‚ ‰Gj AÕ¨ nvGZ joGZ Rvwb weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
ˆZvgvi fq ˆbB gv Avgiv cÉwZev` KiGZ Rvwb|” 9. IqvR Kwievi mgq cxi mvGnGei cÉvqB Rh&ev AvwmZ| ˆm Rh&evGK
‰fvGeB ‰B ˆ`kGK fvGjvGeGm ‰G`Gki cÉwZev`x gvbyl eÅwÚMZ myL-Õ¼vœQ±`Å gywi`MY ‘dvbvwdÍÏvn’ ewjZ| ‰B ‘dvbvwdÍÏvn’i mgq cxi mvGne ‘R¾wjqv
wemRÆb w`GqGQb| ˆMjvg’ cywoqv ˆMjvg’ ewjqv wPrKvi Kwiqv wPr nBqv ÷Bqv cwoGZb| .....
K. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ cÉe®¬wU ˆKvb MÉG¯© msKwjZ? 1 ZvB Rhevi mgq ‰KLí KvGjv gLgj w`qv cxi mvGnGei ˆPvL-gyL XvwKqv
L. “gvbyGli hLb cZb AvGm ZLb cG` cG` fzj nGZ ^vGK”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 w`qv Zuvnvi nvZ-cv wUwcqv wèvi IwmqZ wQj|
M. DóxcGKi ˆkl evKÅwU ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ cÉeG®¬ KxfvGe cÉwZdwjZ K. ZvGni Avi KvGì gwR`GK cÉ^g ˆKv^vq ˆ`GLwQj? 1
nGqGQ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 L. “gwRGì kwÚ Ici ˆ^GK AvGm, AvGm H mvjy KvcGo Ave†Z gvRvi ˆ^GK”@
N. DóxcGKi ZvrchÆ ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’i ˆPZbvi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
L wefvM  c`Å M. DóxcGKi cxi mvGne ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwa? AvGjvPbv
5. “bwg Avwg cÉwZRGb, Avw«¼ZÅ-P´£vj KGiv| 3
cÉf,z KÌxZ`vm! N. DóxcGKi welqeÕ§ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi mgvRwPGòi cÉwZ ˆh BwãZ
wm®¬ygƒGj Rjwe±`y, wek¼gƒGj AYy; cÉ`vb KGi Zv AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
mgGMÉ cÉKvk! N wefvM  bvUK
bwg K‡wl-Z¯¦Rxex, Õ©cwZ, ZÞK, 10. w«¼GR±`Ê jvj ivGqi weLÅvZ HwZnvwmK bvUK ‘kvRvnvb|’ cyò JiãGRGei
KgÆ PgÆKvi! nvGZ `viv myRv Avi gyivGì g†ZzÅ e†«¬ mgËvU kvnRvnvbGK h¯Ÿvq ÞZ-weÞZ KGi
KZ ivRÅ KZ ivR MwoQ bxiGe ˆZvGj| Zuvi ew±``kv, wcZ‡n†`Gqi nvnvKvi ‰B bvUKwUGK ˆkÉÓ¤ UÅvGRwW bvUGK
ˆn cƒRÅ, ˆn wcÉq! cwiYZ KGiGQ| mgËvU kvnRvnvGbi bvg AbymvGi bvUGKi bvg ‘kvRvnvb|’
‰KGZ½ eGiYÅ Zzwg, kiYÅ ‰KGK@ K. wmivRDGóŒjv KvGK KjKvZvi ˆÌqvb wbhyÚ KGib? 1
Avñvi Avñxq|” L. “e†wUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb ‰ eo jävi K^v”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
K. HKZvb kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 M. welqeÕ§i w`K ˆ^GK DóxcGKi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mv`†kÅ
ˆKv^vq? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
L. “ˆh^v cvB wPògqx eYÆbvi evYx, KzovBqv Avwb”@ ejGZ Kwe Kx N. DóxcGKi AvGe`Gbi AvGjvGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi UÇÅvGRwWi Õ¼i…c
eywSGqGQb? 2 weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. DóxcKwU ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi ˆKvb welGqi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 11. BwZnvGmi ‰K exi Pwiò gnxkƒGii wUcy myjZvb| BsGiRGì wei‚G«¬ wUcy
N. DóxcGKi ˆkl cswÚ `ywU ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi gƒjmyiGK a»wbZ KGi hy«¬ KGi cÉvY w`GqGQb| PZzi BsGiR wUcyi ìevGii ‰K DœPvwfjvlx ˆmbvcwZGK
ˆZvGj@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 nvZ KGiwQj| ‰B ˆmbvcwZ ˆMvcGb wUcyi me Lei BsGiRGì KvGQ ˆcuŒGQ w`Z|
6. “PGj hvq gwi nvq emG¯¦i w`b| hyG«¬i ‰K chÆvGq ˆm `yGMÆi ìRv LyGj w`Gj BsGiRiv `yGMÆ cÉGek KGi| wbR
`ƒi kvGL wcK WvGK weivg wenxb|| ˆjvGKi wek¼vmNvZKZvq wUcy cÉvY nvivb|
Aaxi mgxi@ fGi DœQ¾wm eKzj SGi, K. wmivRDGóŒjvi Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
M®¬ mGb nj gb my`ƒGi wejxb| L. “÷f KvGR Ah^v wejÁ¼ Kiv eyw«¬gvGbi KvR bq”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
cyjwKZ AvgËexw^ dvÍš~GbiB ZvGc, M. DóxcGKi ˆmbvcwZi mGã ˆZvgvi cwVZ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi wgj
gayKi àéiGY QvqvZj KuvGc| iGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
ˆKb AvwR AKviGY mviv êjv AvbgGb N. ‘wUcy myjZvb ‰es beve wmivRDGóŒjvi RxeGbi wbgÆg cwiYwZ ‰KB mƒGò
civGb evRvq exYv ˆK ˆMv D`vmxb||” Muv^v’@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
0 1 1
1. iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi KZ mvGj mvwnGZÅ ˆbvGej 11. ey«¬Gè emy KvGK ‘wbRÆbZg Kwe’ eGj AvLÅvwqZ 21. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ îBbGKvUwU Kvi?
cyiÕ•vi jvf KGib? KGiGQb? K wg´Ÿzi
K 1907 L 1913 M 1917 N 1921 K KvRx bRi‚j Bmjvg L Rxebvb±` `vk L byi‚j ü`vi
2. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK Aâ msLÅv KZ? M mywdqv Kvgvj N Avj gvngy` M Ave`ym mvîvGii
K wZb L Pvi M cuvP N mvZ 12. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi N W. AvdvR AvnGgGì
3. ‘evsjvG`k ˆh Avcbvi KvQ ˆ^GK AGbK wKQy Avkv ˆKvb cÉvYxi eyw«¬gîv mÁ·GKÆ wbwøZ bq? 22. ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq BÕ·vGZi
KGi|’@ ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’GZ ‰B ‘AGbK wKQy’ K mvc L wZwg M nvwZ N cvwL
Zievwi hvGK mkÕ¨ KiGe, ˆm nGjv@
nGjv@ K ˆjŒnLí cÉR¾jbKvix L Mvwfi cwiPhÆvKvix
13. ‘hLb Avgvi K¥¤ evGRqvµ¦ KGi wbGq hvq;
K hy«¬ L Õ¼vaxbZv M grmÅ jvjbKvix N KlÆYKvix
bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’
M AfzÅïvb N ˆhvMÅ ˆbZ‡Z½ 23. ‘ˆRGj bq ˆMjvg ŠKGjk, wK¯§ ˆgqv hw`
cO&wÚGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `ywU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ˆmvqvwgi KvGQ bv ˆhGZ Pvq Lyb nevi fGq?’
K ˆ`kG`ËvnxGì weÕ¦vi L evKÕ¼vaxbZv niY
evevi ˆgvUv UvKvi ˆhŒZzGKi `vwei KviGY meyGRi weGq DwÚwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ gvwm-wcwm PwiGòi@
M Õ¼µ²fGãi Kvwnwb N kKzGbi wnsmÉZv
ˆfGO ˆhGZ emj| wcZvi AbyMZ m¯¦vb nIqv mGî½I K mvnwmKZv I evMvoÁ¼iZv
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `ywU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: L mvnwmKZv I eyw«¬gîv
meyR ˆkl chÆ¯¦ webv ˆhŒZzGK i^xGK weGq KGi Avbj|
‰jvKvi cwiÓ•vi-cwiœQ®²Zv iÞvi `vwqZ½ bewbeÆvwPZ M AvBb mGPZbZv I evMvoÁ¼iZv
4. DóxcGKi meyGRi evevi AvPiY ‘AcwiwPZv’
Kwgkbvi KvBDg mvGnGei Ici bÅÕ¦ KGi mevB hLb N AvBb mGPZbZv I eyw«¬gîv
MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiòGK ÕÃiY Kivq?
wbwøZ ZLb KvBDg mvGne ‰jvKvevmxi DGóGkÅ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `ywU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
K gv L gvgv M kÁ¿zbv^ N DwKj
5. DóxcGKi meyGRi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ejGjb, ‘AvcbvGìI ‰ ˆÞGò mRvM ^vKGZ nGe|’ Rjem¯¦ îvGM AvKÌv¯¦ ˆQvU ˆQGji wPwKrmvi RbÅ
AbycGgi PwiGò ^vKGj Zvi weGq fvOZ bv? 14. DóxcGKi KvBDg mvGnGei mvG^ wgj AvGQ mygbevey gGbvnvix ŠeG`Åi KvQ ˆ^GK cvwbcov I
K `†pZv L ewjÓ¤Zv ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i@ wbgcvZv wbGq AvGmb| KGjR co~qv eo ˆQGj ivRxe
M mvnwmKZv N eÅwÚZ½Geva K ˆjLGKi L mvi^xi ˆQvU fvBGK nvmcvZvGj wbGZ PvBGj wcZvi ‰KMuyGqwgi
6. ‘ZLb Pvlv A®²eGÕï KvOvj wQj bv| ZLb wK¯§ M gnvñv Mv®¬xi N c^-cÉ`kÆGKi KvGQ ˆm cÉGPÓ¡v eÅ^Æ nGq hvq|
15. DóxcGKi KvBDg mvGnGei DwÚGZ ‘Avgvi c^’ 24. DóxcGKi ivRxGei mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
ˆm AmfÅ eeÆi wQj’ ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i ‰
cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? ˆKvb PwiGòi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ?
eÚeÅ «¼viv êvSvq@
K LvGjK eÅvcvix L ajv wgqv
K PvlvGì cÉwZ ggZ½Geva K Õ¼vejÁ¼b L mZÅGeva
M ZvGni N AvØvm
L eeÆiZvi cÉwZ cÞcvZ M Avñwek¼vm N AvñghÆv`vGeva
25. DÚ PwiGò ˆh ŠewkÓ¡Å dzGU DGVGQ@
M mfÅZvi A¯¦tmvikƒbÅZv 16. ‘Avwg hw` LvBGZ bv cvBjvg, ZGe mgvGRi
K KzmsÕ•vigyÚZv L Õ¼vÕ©ÅmGPZbZv
N HwZnvwmK mGPZbZv D®²wZ jBqv Kx Kwie?’ ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬ ‰ DwÚGZ
M K„cgí„KZv N AevaÅZv
7. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq ‘wbR KgÆ- cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ 26. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ ˆMvcvjGK ˆÌqvi RbÅ nvRiv
ˆ`vGl, nvq, gRvBjv/‰ KbK-jâv ivRv’ K hywÚwbÓ¤ gGbvfwã L AwaKvi mGPZbZv eÅvUvi eD eywoGK Kx w`GqwQj?
D«¬†wZGZ ‘wbR KgÆ-ˆ`vl’ ˆKvb cÉmGã eÅen†Z? M AvñiÞvi cÉqvm N ivR‹bwZK cÉæv K cvKv Avg L cvwZGjey
K mxZvGK AcniY L mƒcYÆLvi bvK KZÆb 17. ‘‰Lb ˆm SGoi gyGL DGo Pjv cvZv bq”@ ‘jvjmvjy’ M KuvPKjv N `ya
M ivGgi wei‚G«¬ hy«¬ ˆNvlYv DcbÅvGmi ‰ evGKÅ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ gwRGì@ 27. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq ‘ˆjvKv¯¦Gi’ kõwU Kx
N ivGgi ebevm hvòv K agÆxq I Avw^ÆK cÉfve A^Æ cÉKvk KiGQ?
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `ywU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: L Avw^ÆK I kvixwiK mÞgZv K g†ZzÅ L ciKvj M m†wÓ¡RMr N KveÅiPbv
evey gRyg`vi ‰jvKvi RbMYGK AGbK fqfxwZ ˆ`wLGqI M Avw^ÆK I mvgvwRK cÉwZÓ¤v wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `ywU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
Rbmg^Æb Av`vGq eÅ^Æ nGqGQb; A^P Zvi ˆQGj Õ¼cb N agÆxq I mvgvwRK cÉwZcwî 1975 mvGji 15 AvMÕ¡ ˆ`wk-weG`wk PKÌvG¯¦ ‰K`j
gRyg`vi mvaviY gvbyGli myGL-`ytGL, mÁ·G`-wecG` wec^Mvgx ˆmbvm`GmÅi mnvqZvq RvwZi RbK
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `ywU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
KvQvKvwQ ˆ^GK mKGji wcÉq eÅwÚGZ cwiYZ nGqGQ| eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvbGK nZÅv KGi ÞgZv `Lj
‘Avwg ‰Lb wiÚ kƒbÅ/gb cGo iGqGQ Zvi RbÅ|’
8. DóxcGKi evey gRyg`vGii gGbvfve ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KGi L±`Kvi ˆgvkZvK|
18. DóxcGKi ‘Zvi’ kõwU ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’
KweZvi ˆKvb AbylGãi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 28. DóxcGKi RvwZi RbK eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi
KweZvi ˆKvb welqGK ÕÃiY Kivq?
K weG«¼l L AnsKvi ingvb-‰i mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb
K fÚ L kxZ M em¯¦ N m®²Åvmx
M RvZÅwfgvb N AvwacGZÅi ˆjvf PwiGòi wgj iGqGQ?
9. DóxcGKi Õ¼cb gRyg`vGii KgÆKví ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ 19. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi
K bvivb wms L ˆgvnbjvj
KweZv AbymvGi@ ˆKvb fvGei wgj cvIqv hvq?
M wmivRDGóŒjv N ew`Ë Avjx Luv
i. mfÅZvi cÉwZkÉ‚wZ ii. BwZevPK KgÆwbÓ¤v i. wiÚZvi nvnvKvi
29. DóxcGKi L±`Kvi ˆgvkZvK ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
iii. fvGjvevmv ii. `ytmn welY²Zv iii. D`vmxbZv bvUGKi wgiRvdGii DGókÅ ˆKvb AG^Æ Awf®²?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K AcgvGbi cÉwZGkva L ˆÕ¼œQv-civaxbZv
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ÞgZvi cvjve`j N eÅwÚÕ¼v^Æ D«¬vi
10. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq ‰KzGki K‡úP„ovGK 20. ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvq ˆjLK RvZxq Rv`yNi 30. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvq Kwe ˆKvb
AvgvGì KxGmi is ejv nGqGQ? Kx enb KGi eGj DGÍÏL KGiGQb? b`xi ˆhŒeb ˆPGqGQb?
K ÕÃ†wZgqZvi L AbvwejZvi K gvbemîvi ŠewkÓ¡Å L mvsÕ•‡wZK HwZnÅ K c«Âv L ˆgNbv
M ˆPZbvi N NvZGKi M RvwZmîvi cwiPq N evOvwji AvñcwiPq M hgybv N myigv
1 L 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 N 6 M 7 K 8 N 9 N 10 M 11 L 12 N 13 L 14 M 15 K
Dîi
16 K 17 M 18 L 19 N 20 M 21 K 22 K 23 L 24 N 25 K 26 N 27 M 28 M 29 N 30 K

K wefvM  M`Å K. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ? 1
1. kvgmy``xb Aveyj KvjvGgi ‘ˆgŒmyg’ MÍ¸wU iwPZ nGqGQ ZrKvjxb L. Kwei gGZ MvGbi cmiv eÅ^Æ nq ˆKb? 2
Rwg`viGì Aaxb RbRxebGK ˆK±`Ê KGi| ˆm mgq Rwg`viGì ˆkvlGYi wei‚G«¬ M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Kwei Avn»vb ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq KZUv cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ?3
‰K`j mgvRi…cv¯¦i I Õ¼vaxbZvKvgxGì cÉGPÓ¡vq K‡lKiv AvG±`vjb ÷i‚ KGi| N. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq ˆh AcƒYÆZvi K^v eÅÚ nGqGQ DóxcGK Zv ˆbB’@
MGÍ¸ ˆ`Lv hvq, `xNÆ Livi ci e†wÓ¡i AvMgGb K‡lKiv fvGjv dmj cvIqvi weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
AvbG±` weGfvi nq| K‡lKGì gGbi ‰B Avb±` Rwg`vGii cQ±` nq bv| Pvj 7. ‘cøvGZ ˆdwj wMRÆv-cÅvGMvWv gmwR`-gw±ì
gRy` KGi `vg evwoGq K‡lKGì êKvq`vq ˆdGj ˆ`q Rwg`vi| ‰Zw`Gb Avwg gywÚcGî m®¬vbx gymvwdi|
K. ‘jvãyj’ Kx? 1 ˆZvgvGi LyuwRqv cG^ cG^ wdwi, ˆKv^v AvQ Zzwg ˆLv`v
L. ‘‰KwU cwZZ AvñvGK A®¬Kvi nBGZ AvGjvGK AvwbqvwQ, fvweqv KgjvKvG¯¦i ˆcÉwgK ˆZvgvi ˆZvgvi nGZ Avi KZw`b iGe Ry`v?’
eoB Avb±` nBj’@ ˆKb? 2 K. ‘ˆ`Dj’ Kx? 1
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ K‡lKGì AeÕ©vi mvG^ ‘weovj’ iPbvi weovGji mv`†kÅ L. Kwe mvGgÅi Mvb MvBGeb eGj cÉZÅq eÅÚ KGiGQb ˆKb? 2
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 M. DóxcGKi ‘ˆZvgvGi ˆLuvRv’ ‰es ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ‘ˆZvgvGi ˆLuvRv’i
N. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘weovj’ iPbvi àYMZ cv^ÆKÅàGjv ˆZvgvi hywÚmn DcÕ©vcb Šemv`†kÅ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
KGiv| 4 N. ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi wecixZagÆx fve DóxcGK we`Ågvb’@ ˆZvgvi gGZi
2. wek¼we`ÅvjGqi cov÷bvi cvV ˆkl KiGZ KiGZB Avgvi êvGbi AGbK mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
eqm nGq hvq| wZb wZbevi Zvi weGqi mÁ¼®¬ ˆfGã hvevi ci ˆKgb ˆhb nZvk M wefvM  DcbÅvm
nGq cwo| ‰Kw`b ZvGK ˆWGK ewj, ‘mvbwR`v, Kvj evmvq ‰KwU bZzb eicÞ 8. dqRyÍÏvncyi ‰KwU MÉvgxY kni| avb-mycvwii gImyGg ‰LvbKvi mKGji
ˆZvGK ˆ`LGZ AvmGe|’ ÷Gb Ii ˆPnviv KwVb nGq IGV, ‘ZzB ÷ay ÷ay eÅÕ¦ nwœQm nvGZB UvKv-cqmv ^vGK| nvU-evRvGi ^vGK ˆjvGKi fxo| ‰mgGq wfÞzGKi
Zcb, cÉwZe®¬xGì wbGq Avgvi hv KvR Zv Rxebfi ˆkl nevi bq|’ AvMgbI êGo hvq| ‰K`j wfLvix nvgvàwo ˆ`q Avi myi KGi ‘AvÍÏv ˆ`,
K. KvGK ‘gvKvj dj’ eGj we`Ë…c Kiv nGqGQ? 1 AvÍÏv ˆ`q’ eGj eGj wfÞv Pvq| ZvGì wewPò myGi dqRyÍvÏ ncyGii gvbyGli gb
L. AbycGgi weevn hvòvi eYÆbv `vI| 2 MGj, ˆKD UvKv ev Avayjx ˆdGj hvq ^vjvq| eÅvcviUv ‰LvbKvi Õ©vbxq
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi mv`†kÅ-Šemv`†kÅàGjv wfÞzKGì mnÅ nq bv| Zviv jvwVGmuvUv wbGq ‰Gì Dci SuvwcGq cGo|
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 K. ajv wgqv ˆK? 1
N. DóxcKwUGZ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i gƒjeÚeÅ KZUzKz cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? 4 L. ‘`wjj-`Õ¦vGeR Rvj nq, wK¯§ ˆLv`vZvjvi Kvjvg Rvj nq bv’@ ‰K^vi
3. “ˆmBw`b AvGRv R¾jR¾Gj ÕÃ†wZ, ˆhw`b gnvb ZvrchÆ Kx? 2
weRqx exi `ƒi ˆ`Gk ˆ^GK Õ¼G`Gk ‰Gjb wdGi| M. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb ˆKvb NUbvi mvG^ DóxcGKi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ@
÷GbwQ ˆmw`b RqXvK Avi Rb-DÍÏvm; eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
cG^-cÉv¯¦Gi ZuviB KxZÆb, wZwbB gywÚ`ƒZ| N. gwRGì mvG^ dwKiGì DGókÅMZ wgj ^vKGjI AvPiYMZ Awgj
wbnZ ‰ÅvMvGggbb, KeGi kvwqZ AvR|” iGqGQ@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
K. AvgjvZ¯¨ Kx? 1 9. Mdzi wgqvi msmvi wUwKGq îGLGQ Zvi Õ¨x gwiqg| wekvj msmvGii
L. ‘bvkZv Lvevi BœQv Avgvi bvB’@ ˆK, ˆKvb cÉmGã ‰K^v eGjGQ? 2 mKj `vwqZ½ gwiqGgi@ Mi‚evQyGii Zî½Zvjvk, avb gvovB ˆ^GK wm«¬ Kiv,
M. DóxcGKi ‘weRqx exGii’ Õ¼G`k cÉZÅveZÆGbi mvG^ eãe®¬yi ˆRjgywÚi ˆgngvb gymvwdi mewKQyB ‰KnvGZ mvgjvb wZwb| AekÅ ‰GZ Zvi KÑvw¯¦ ˆbB|
mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 ÷ay gvGS gvGS wbGRGK eo ‰Kjv gGb nq| Mdzi gwidGgi gGbi AeÕ©v
N. DóxcKwUGZ ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’i eÚeÅ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ
`vI| 4 êvGS| KviY ˆm RvGb, ZvGì ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb ˆbB|
4. “PKPGK îv`| moGKi DîGi ivBGdj îGéi gGaÅ MvgQv-civ ‰K wKGkvi K. ‘wbivK cov’ Kx? 1
wZb PviGU Mi‚ ˆLw`Gq wbGq hvGœQ| Zvi gv^vq Qvjv êvSvB Nvm| KuvGa jvOj- L. ‘kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk’@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
ˆRvqvj| mÁ¿eZ ˆm gvV ˆ^GK evwo wdiGQ| ‘gywÚ| gywÚ!’ ‰KRb ŠmwbK wPrKvi M. “gwiqg ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngvi gZB MdzGii NGii LuywU”@ eÅvLÅv
KGi IGV| KGiv| 3
‘Kuvnv? Kuuvnv?@ AcGiiv cÉk² KGi| N. ‘gwiqGgi m¯¦vb Kvgbv AZ‡µ¦ wK¯§ iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q wKQy cwiZ‡µ¦’@
‘Wvnbv Zid ˆ`GLv|’ KxfvGe? weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
Kwjgywó `dv`vi mwebGq ejGZ Pvq, ‘gywÚ ˆbwn KÅvG¶Ÿb mve, DGqv ivLvj nÅvq, N wefvM  bvUK
ˆgiv ˆPbvRvbv nÅvq|’ ‘PzcivI mvGj KvGdi Kv evœPv KvGdi| gywÚ, Avjer gywÚ|’ 10. jvj cjvGki fÕÃÕ¦„Gc wKGmi R¾vjv
eGjB mKGj ‰KmGã àwj ˆQvGo| ‰jvKv ˆKuGc IGV| a»wb cÉwZa»wbZ nGq `ƒGi Õ¦º¬ Aaxi eRÊMfÆ ˆgGNi gGZv?
QwoGq cGo| wkwei-mxgvq gGbi Qvqvq BZÕ¦Z
K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU Kvi ˆjLv? 1 Qovq ˆm Zvi K„U-g¯Ÿv N†Yvq Xvjv
L. ‘KÌÅvK WvDGbi’ ivGZ Kx NGUwQj? 2 `yB kZGKi ˆmB ‰Kw`b gGb wK cGo?
M. DóxcGK ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆh w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 wgiRvdGii àwji wkLvq, mgy«¬Z
N. DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK Õ¼vaxbZvhyG«¬ ‰G`Gki wbfj ˆZvgvi w`Gbi mƒhÆ w`M¯¦Gi
RbmvaviGYi AeÕ©v AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 `ƒi ˆMvaƒjxi ˆmB ‰Kw`b gGb cGo
L wefvM  KweZv gGb wK cGo?
5. AvevjÅ ˆZvgvi ˆh wbmMÆ wQj wb`vi‚Y wbweÆKvi, K. ‘KÑvBGfi Mvav’ ˆK? 1
myiwÞZ `yGMÆi gZb AvgvGì cÉwZGivGa ˆm nGjv mnvq, L. wmivRDGóŒjvi cZb nGj ˆK KZ UvKv cvGe eGj `wjj mB nq? 2
eÐÅvK-AvDU AgvbÅ KGi Zzwg w`MG¯¦ ˆR¾Gj w`Gj M. bvUGKi ˆKvb `†kÅàGjvi NUbvmgƒn DóxcGKi 3q I 4^Æ PiGYi mvG^
weG`Ëvnx cƒwYÆgv| Avwg ˆmB cƒwYÆgvi AvGjvq ˆ`GLwQ; weGklfvGe mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 3
Avgiv mevB wdiwQ Avevi wbRÕ¼ DGVvb cvi nGq wbGRGì NGi| N. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi gƒj ˆPZbvi ˆh wgj iGqGQ Zv
K. KZ eãvGõ bƒij`xb weµÏGei WvK w`GqwQGjb? 1 hywÚmnKvGi DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 4
L. ‘cvnvox XGji gGZv ˆbGg ‰Gm mgÕ¦ fvlvq’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 11. e†wUk kvmKGì AZÅvPvGi AwZÓ¤ fviZevmx| ˆÞvGfi Avàb QwoGq
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvi ˆPZbvMZ mv`†kÅ cGo meÆò| gvÕ¡vi`v mƒhÆGmGbi ˆbZ‡GZ½ BDGivwcqvb KÑve AvKÌgGY ‰wMGq
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 AvGmb Zvi AGbK Abymvix| ‰GìB ‰KRb cÉxwZjZv IqvGó`vi| ˆkl chÆ¯¦
N. DóxcKwUGZ ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvi gƒj welq KZUzKz wZwb g†ZzÅGK eiY KGi wbGqGQb wK¯§ AvñmgcÆY KGibwb|
cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ Zv eywSGq ˆjGLv| 4 K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆkl msjvc Kvi? 1
6. ‘‰evi wdivI ˆgvGi’ KweZvq iex±`Êbv^ Zuvi KwemîvGK Avn»vb L. ‘‰B AÕ¨ wbGq Avgiv Kvcyi‚l ˆ`kG`ËvnxGì AekÅB `gb KiGZ cvie’@
KGiwQGjb `vwi`ËcxwoZ gvbyGli cvGk ùvwoGq ZvGì kwÚi DG«¼vab NUvevi ‰LvGb ˆKvb AGÕï K^v ejv nGqGQ ‰es ˆKb? 2
RbÅ| wZwb ‰GZ eGjGQb, hviv `wi`Ë, Zviv esk ciÁ·ivq `vwiG`ËÅi huvZvKGj M. beve wmivRDGóŒjvi ˆKvb ˆKvb ˆmbvcwZi gGaÅ DóxcGKi ˆPZbv
wcÓ¡ nGœQ| ZvGì gyGLi A®² ˆKD ˆKGo wbGjI Zviv ^vGK gƒK I fxZm¯¨Õ¦| KxfvGe we`Ågvb wQj Zv eywSGq ˆjGLv| 3
cÉwZev` Kiv ˆZv `ƒGii K^v, mwebGq bvwjGki fvlvI ˆhGbv ‰Gì ˆbB| Õ¼qs N. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi gƒj DcRxeÅ ˆ`kGcÉg, hv DóxcGK we`Ågvb@
weavZvI ˆhGbv ‰Gì cÉwZ wegyL| Kwe eGjGQb ˆh ‰Gì gyGL w`GZ nGe fvlv| ˆZvgvi DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
evsjv (AvewkÅK) cÉ^g cò welq ˆKvW: 1
0 1
1. e†Þ e†w«¬ QvovI Avi KxGmi BwãZ enb KGi? 12. fvBivGmi ŠewkÓ¡Å nGjv@ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K wbGgÆvGni L cÉkvw¯¦i i. ‰Gì MVb mij I mvaviY Ki I ii L i I iii
M gvayGhÆi N mijZvi ii. ‰iv wÕ©i I wbøj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
2. ‘‰ eqm KvGjv jÞ `xNÆkv¼ Gm’@ ‰ cO&wÚ «¼viv Kx iii. AbÅ cÉvYxi msÕ·GkÆ RxeGbi jÞY ˆ`Lv hvq 23. `xNÆG`n wbGq bƒij`xb Avevi ˆKv^vq ˆ`Lv ˆ`q?
êvSvGbv nGqGQ? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K evsjvi NGi NGi L K‡lGKi DVvGb
K cÉvY wemRÆb L eÅ^ÆZvi `xNÆk¼vm K i I ii L i I iii
M giv AvwObvq N ‰G`Gki meyGR
M RxeGbi SuywK N fxwZi evZÆv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
13. ‘Avwg ˆhLvGbB ^vwK, ˆhgwb ^vwK, meÆ`v gGb wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 24 I 25 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i
3. gnvKwe ˆnvgvGii ˆnÙiGK Avgiv mwZÅKvGii
evsjvG`kGKB jvjb Kwi’@ DwÍÏwLZ Ask ‘Avwg Dîi `vI:
ˆ`kGcÉwgK wnGmGe ˆ`wL| ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’
KweZvq DÚ PwiòwU Kvi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi ˆKvb gGbvfveGK ˆZvgvi ˆhLvGb mva PGj hvI@ Avwg ‰B evsjvi cGi
K ivgP±`Ê L ˆgNbv` DcÕ©vcb KGi? iGq hve; ˆ`wLe KuvVvj cvZv; SwiGZGQ ˆfvGii evZvGm;
M iveY N wefxlY K ˆkKom®¬vbx L ˆ`kìw` ˆ`wLe LGqwi Wvbv kvwjGKi m®¬Åvq wng nGq AvGm aej
4. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq Kwe ˆmB AÕ¨GK Kx wnGmGe M cÉK‡wZ ˆPZbv N Õ¼vaxbZvi îvGgi wbGP Zvnvi njy` VÅvs NvGm A®¬KvGi ˆbGP
AwfwnZ KGiGQb? 14. ‘HKZvb’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? PGj........
K mfÅZvi cwieZÆb L AvKv›Þvi eÕ§ K mgÕ¼i L HKÅe«¬ 24. DóxcGKi 1g PiGYi mvG^ wbGPi ˆKvb cO&wÚwUi
M cÉÕ¼i N msMxZ
M mfÅZvi wb`kÆb N mfÅZvi cÉwZkÉ‚wZ fvevG^Æi AwaKZi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ?
5. KvRx bRi‚j BmjvGgi cÉe®¬ mvwnGZÅi ŠewkÓ¡Å 15. ajvwgqvGK AvIqvjcyGii wcGii KvGQ cvwVGqGQb
K ‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ@ meGPGq
nGjv@ ˆK?
my±ì Ki‚Y;
K iwngv L AvGgbv wewe
i. msÕ•vi ˆPZbvRvZ ii. cÉwZev`xgbÕ• L ZvB ˆm RG¯ÃGQ bxj evsjvi Nvm Avi avGbi
M LvGjK eÅvcvix N Zvby wewe
iii. AvñAnwgKvq Dä¾j
16. ‘Avwg MfbÆi ˆWÈGKi a»sm ˆ`LGZ PvB|’@ wfZi|
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
DwÚwU ˆK KvGK KGiGQ? M ˆmBLvGb jßxGcuPv avGbi MG®¬i gGZv AÕ¹zU,
K i I ii L i I iii
K gvwbKPuv` ˆKÑUbGK Zi‚Y;
L DwgPuv` ˆKÑUbGK N ˆmLvGb ˆjeyi kvLv byGq ^vGK A®¬KvGi
6. ‘‰Kmgq ‰ ˆ`Gki MÉvgàGjv Õ¼qsmÁ·ƒYÆ wQj’@
M gvwbKPuv` njIGqjGK NvGmi Dci;
DwÚwU ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGqi ˆKvb iPbvGK wbG`Æk
N DwgPuv`GK njIGqjGK 25. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’
KGi?
17. ‘cÉvGYi wewbgGq mÁÃvb iÞvB ˆkÉq’@ DwÚwUi mvG^ KweZvi Šemv`†kÅ cÉavbZ KxGm jwÞZ nq?
K Avgvi c^ L gvwm-wcwm
‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb `ywU PwiGòi Av`kÆMZ wgj
M Pvlvi `yÞz N Avn»vb K cÉK‡wZ eYÆbvq
iGqGQ?
7. 1952 mvGj ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi gywÚi RbÅ L AwaK cÉvwYevPK Dcgvq
K gv`vg ˆdvimwUqvi I gv`vg ˆjvBGmj
KqwU AWÆvi ‰GmwQj? L wg. ˆjvBGmj I gv`vg ˆjvBGmj
M Mfxi ˆ`kGcÉGg
K ‰KwU L `yBwU M wZbwU N PviwU N Abycg ˆmŒ±`hÆ m†wÓ¡GZ
M êËUb I wg. ˆjvBGmj
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 8 I 9 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi N ˆjLK I gv`vg ˆjvBGmj 26. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq@ ‘ˆKv^v Ze be
`vI: 18. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq K‡úP„ovi isGK Kwe cyÓ·mvR’ @ DwÚwU Kvi DGóGkÅ ejv nGqGQ?
‘jßxcyi MÉvGg bvwK ‰K m®²Åvmxi AvMgb NGUGQ| ‰B KxGmi is wnGmGe DGÍÏL KGiGQb? K emG¯¦i L fGÚi
m®²Åvmx bvwK ˆPvGLi cjGK AbÅ MÉvGg ˆhGZ cvGi, K gvwU I gvbyGli L evOvwji ˆPZbv M Kwei N kxGZi
evZvGmi MwZ ^vgvGZ cvGi|’ M evOvwji HwZnÅ N RvZxq cZvKv 27. msMÉnkvjvi w`K ˆ^GK AvGjKRvw±`Êqvi mvG^
8. DóxcGKi m®²Åvmx ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb 19. wgwjUvwii PveyGKi AvNvZ byi‚j ü`vi KvGQ Kx mv`†kÅ iGqGQ ˆKvb Rv`yNGii?
PwiòGK gGb KGi ˆ`q? eGj gGb nq? K XvKv wgDwRqvg
K gwR` L AvIqvjcyGii wci K AmnÅ h¯Ÿv L AZÅvPvi
L weËwUk wgDwRqvg
M ˆgv`vGœQi wci N LvGjK eÅvcvix M AgvbweK KÓ¡ N ˆmÉd DrcvZ
9. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi wgj nGjv@ M jyÅf wgDwRqvg
20. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ˆKvb îvMwU gnvgvwii A¯¦fÆyÚ?
i. wci mvGne mƒhÆGK aGi ivLGZ cvGib K UvBdGqW L em¯¦ N ˆMÉGKv-îvgvb wgDwRqvg
ii. wZwb üKzg bv w`Gj bvgvGRi mgq Movq bv M KGjiv N Rw´£m 28. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm wm«¬ avGbi fuvGci kõwU
iii. wZwb gymwjgGì Rv®²vZ cvIqvi eÅeÕ©v KGib wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 21 I 22 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i JcbÅvwmK KxGmi mvG^ Zzjbv KGiGQb?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? Dîi `vI: K mvGci wkm L KvGjv âuvqv
K i I ii L i I iii ‘Õ¼v^Æci KÑwWqvm ivYxi mvG^ nvZ wgwjGq ivRv M AvàGbi wkLv N AvGjvwKZ DVvb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii nÅvgGjUGK nZÅv KGi|’ 29. ˆKvb Kwe ‘MYgvbyGli Kwe’ wnGmGe cwiwPZ?
10. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ ˆK MÍ¸K^KGK eywoi KeGi gvwU 21. DóxcGKi ivRv ‘nÅvgGjU’ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK K Šmq` kvgmyj nK
w`GZ AbyGiva KGi eGj ‘`ÅvI evev@ Zzwg `ÅvI|’ ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? L Avey Rvdi Ievq`yÍÏvn
K Avõyj L ÷Kzi K wmivRDGóŒjv L ˆgvnbjvj
M Avj gvngy`
M bmi N AvGe`vwj M Avwjew`Æ Luv N wgig`Ævb
N w`jIqvi
11. ‘weovj’ iPbvq weovGji PvwiwòK ŠewkÓ¡Å wnGmGe 22. wgiRvdGii ˆÞGò cÉGhvRÅ nGjv@
i. ÞgZvGjvfx, cikÉxKvZi
30. Kwe Avj gvngy` ˆKv^vq ˆPvL ivLGZ cvGib bv?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU cÉGhvRÅ?
ii. K„UGKŒkjx, eÅwÚZ½kvjx K ebÅ cvbjZvi Ici L mv`v cvwLGZ
K wbÓ¤vevb L ˆjvfx
M ˆPvi N cÉwZev`x iii. myGhvMm®¬vbx, loh¯¨Kvix M ebÅ ˆSvGci Ici N P±`Gbi WvGj
1 L 2 L 3 L 4 N 5 K 6 M 7 L 8 L 9 K 10 L 11 N 12 N 13 K 14 K 15 M
Dîi
16 N 17 L 18 L 19 N 20 M 21 K 22 L 23 M 24 K 25 L 26 M 27 L 28 K 29 N 30 M

K wefvM  M`Å K. Kwe myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ ˆKvb Š`wbK cwòKvi mvG^ mÁ·†Ú wQGjb? 1
1. PwíMo knGii DcKG¥¤ evwo fvov ˆbq myGik I KjÅvYx eÅvbvRÆx| ZvGì L. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm gv^v ˆbvqvevi bq’@ ˆKb? 2
‰K m¯¦vb kv¯¦| Õ¼vgx-Õ¨x PvKzwiRxex nIqvq kv¯¦vGK ˆ`LvGkvbvi RbÅ MÉvg ˆ^GK M. DóxcGKi wdGivGRi gvbwmKZvi ˆh w`KwU ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi gGaÅ
Avbv nq AvU eQi eqmx `wi`Ë AwbZvGK| mvivw`Gbi LvUzwbGZ AwbZvi kÉv¯¦ kixGi we`Ågvb Zv eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
Nyg PGj AvGm m®¬ÅvivGZ| KjÅvYxi aviYv N. DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi gƒjfvGei ˆ`ÅvZK@ AvGjvPbv
AwbZvi LvevGii cwigvY AviI KgvGj Ii Nyg AvmGe bv| ZvB AwbZvi LvevGii KGiv| 4
cwigvY KwgGq ˆ`q KjÅvYx| Kg ˆLGZ ˆLGZ AwbZv kxYÆKvq nGq cGo| kv¯¦i 7. ˆ`k Õ¼vaxb nGqGQ cÉvq AaÆ kZvõx nGZ Pjj| AvGRv Þzav, `vwi`ËÅ, AwkÞv ˆ^GK
DwœQÓ¡ ˆm Pzwi KGi Lvq| ‰Uv RvbGZ ˆcGi KjÅvYx AwbZvi Dci wbhÆvZb Pvjvq, gywÚ ˆgGjwb| AvGRv cvnvo-evOvwj, DcRvwZ, Þz`Ë b†-ˆMvÓ¤x wKsev Avwèvmx BZÅvw`
ZIev Kivq ‰es DcG`k ˆ`q ˆh Pzwi KGi LvIqv cvc| wdÌGR fwZÆ Kiv Lvevi, AvgvGì Õ¼vaxbZvi Õ¼v` MÉnGYi A¯¦ivq| ‰B A¯¦ivqàGjv AwZKÌg KGi ˆ`kGK
kv¯¦ LvIqvi fGq cvwjGq êovq Avi AwbZv kv¯¦i DwœQGÓ¡i w`GK ˆjvjyc `†wÓ¡GZ AvGjvwKZ KiGZ cÉGqvRb ˆhvMÅ ˆbZ‡GZ½i| ˆh ˆbZ‡Z½ AvbGe ˆmB AvGjvi SÆYvaviv|
ZvwKGq ^vGK| ˆhgbwU ‰GbwQGjb 1971 mvGj eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb|
K. KvGK BZtcƒGeÆ hG^vwPZ cyiÕ•vi ˆÌqv wMGqGQ eGj KgjvKv¯¦ gGb Kij? 1 K. ‘wbjÞ’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
L. ‘mKj `ywø¯¦v cwiZÅvM Kwiqv agÆvPiGY gb `vI’@ ˆK, ˆKb eGjwQj? 2 L. “hLb kKzb ˆbGg AvGm ‰B ˆmvbvi evsjvq”@ DwÚwUi «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
M. DóxcGKi AwbZv ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb ˆkÉwYGK ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q@ eÅvLÅv
KGiv| 3 M. DóxcK I ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ w`K ˆKvbwU?
N. DóxcGKi fvev^Æ ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
2. g®¼¯¦Gii mgq wbtm¯¦vb nwi`vmx AvñxGqi evwo ˆ^GK ˆdivi cG^ avbGÞGZi N. “DóxcGKi eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’
cvGk cwiZÅÚ ‰KwU wk÷ ˆ`LGZ cvq| cig ˆÕ²Gn Amnvq wk÷GK ˆKvGj ZzGj ˆbq KweZvq bƒij`xGbi Av`kÆ@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4
ˆm ‰es gvZ‡GZ½i ggZvq ZvGK eo KGi ˆZvGj| wK¯§ ev` mvGa mgvR| ZvGì gGZ M wefvM  DcbÅvm
nwi`vmxi KzwoGq cvIqv ˆQGjwU gymjgvGbi ˆQGj, ZvGK KvGQ ivLGj eËvþY 8. wkwÞZ gvbyGli KvjPviB agÆ Avi mvaviY gvbyGli agÆB KvjPvi| ‰ KviGY
mgvGRi A÷wP nGe| wK¯§ nwi`vmx ‰Z wKQy fveGZ Pvq bv| Zvi KvGQ gvZ‡GZ½i `wi`Ë AçGj aGgÆi AceÅvLÅv w`Gq hyGM hyGM MGo ˆZvjv nGqGQ wewf®² agÆxq
`vwe`viB eo welq| msMVb| ˆhLvGb mvaviY gvbyGli mij wek¼vmGK cyuwR KGi ˆKG±`Ê ^vKv ˆbZviv
K. eywoGK gv eGj WvGK ˆK? 1 MGo ˆZvGjb mÁ·Gì cvnvo| ‰gwb ‰KRb AvaÅvwñK ˆbZv nGjb kwdDÍÏvn|
L. ‘wPbGe bv| Avwg AGbKw`b MuvGq Avwmwb”@ DwÚwU ˆK, ˆKb KGiGQ? 2 whwb fGÚi mvG^ mvÞvGZi bvg KGi wmãvcyi hvb wbGRi wPwKrmvi RbÅ| Avi
M. DóxcGKi nwi`vmxi gGaÅ ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi QvqvcvZ jÞYxq fÚGì wPwKrmvi RbÅ gGnŒla nGjv Zuvi cov cvwb|
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 K. iwngvi ˆcGU KqwU cuÅvP? 1
N. ˆcÉÞvcU Avjv`v nGjI eywo I nwi`vmxi gGaÅ cÉvavbÅ ˆcGqGQ gvZ‡GZ½i L. gwR` KxfvGe gne»ZbMi MÉvGg wkKo ˆMGowQj? 2
nvnvKvi@ DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGKi kwdDÍÏvn ‰i mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^
3. Õ¼µ²P„ov MÉ‚c Ae B´£vwÕ¡ÈR wjwgGUW ‰i ˆPqvigÅvb wg. ingvb ivkfvwi gvbyl| mv`†kÅcƒYÆ I KZUzKz@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
KgÆPvixiv AvbyMGZÅi fve cÉKvGk Zuvi me K^vGZB nuÅv mÅvi, wR mÅvi KGib| ˆKej N. “DóxcGKi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvswkK QvqvcvZ NGUGQ”@ g¯¦eÅwU gƒjÅvqb
gwZb mvGne Zv KGib bv| ˆhwU wVK ˆmLvGb nuÅv, ˆhwU wVK bq ˆmLvGb bv eGjb| KGiv| 4
mnKwgiv gwZb mvGneGK ˆMuvqvi I êqvè fvGeb| ˆPqvigÅvb mvGneI gvGS gGaÅ 9. Zcy fvMÅvG®¼lGY NyiGZ NyiGZ ‰Gm nvwRi nq ivRavbx XvKvq| wgUGdvGWÆ ‰K
gwZb mvGnGei ˆMuuvqviZzwgGZ weiÚ nb| nVvr ˆKvlvaÅGÞi g†ZzÅGZ c`wU kƒbÅ nGj dzUcvGZ ˆnvGUGj ˆLGZ wMGq ˆ`LGZ cvq cvGki b`Ægvq AGbKàGjv Jla cGo
ˆjvfbxq ‰ cG` c`vqb ˆcGZ mnKgÆxiv ˆPqvigÅvbGK ˆZvqvR KiGZ ^vGK| AeGkGl AvGQ| ˆnvGUj eGqi KvGQ RvbGZ cvGi ‰àGjv ˆgqv` DîxYÆ Jla ˆKvÁ·vwb ˆdGj
ˆPqvigÅvb ˆhw`b DÚ cGì wbGqvMcò BmyÅ KGib Zv ˆ`GL mevi ˆPvL Qvbveov| KviY
ˆmB cGì wbGqvMcò cvb gwZb mvGne| ˆMGQ| Zvi gv^vq we`yÅr ˆLGj hvq| ˆm H JlaàGjv KzwoGq bZzb cÅvGKGU gyGo
K. KvRx bRi‚j Bmjvg KZ eQi eqGm `yivGivMÅ eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ nb? 1 Kg `vGg wewKÌ KiGZ ^vGK| mvaviY gvbyl Kg `vGg ˆcGq mij wek¼vGm Zvi
L. gvbyl-agÆGK meGPGq eo agÆ ejv nq ˆKb? 2 ˆ`vKvb ˆ^GK Jla wKGb cÉZvwiZ nGZ ^vGK| Avi Zcy AÍ¸w`Gb eÅemvqx mwgwZi
M. DóxcGK ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 mfvcwZ eGb hvq|
N. ‘gwZb mvGnGei AvwgZ½ ZuvGK DÚ cGì mÁÃvGb f„wlZ KGi’@ DóxcK I K. ˆWvgcvov ˆ^GK KxGmi kõ ˆfGm AvGm? 1
cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK AvwgGZ½i Õ¼i…c weGkÏlY KGiv 4 L. nvmywbi gvGK Zvi evc wcwUGqwQj ˆKb? 2
4. iwdGKi msmvGi mœQjZv bv ^vKGjI kvw¯¦GZB wQj Zviv| wK¯§ ˆjvGf cGo M. DóxcGKi Zcyi gvGS dzGU DGVGQ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì Pwiò@
Dcwi cvIbvi Avkvq ˆKvÁ·vwbi gvj cvPvGi mnGhvwMZvi `vGq `vGivqvGbi eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
PvKwiUv PGj hvq Zvi| msmvGi ˆbGg AvGm Pig `vwi`ËÅ| evaÅ nGq iwdGKi Õ¨x N. ‘ˆcÉÞvcU Avjv`v nGjI Zcy I gwRGì jÞÅ ‰K’@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv
KÍ¸bvGK cGii evwoGZ wS-‰i KvR KiGZ nq| ivZ Aewa nvofvãv cwikÉg KGi gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
ˆm NGi ˆdGi| Zvi ˆPnvivq gwjbZvi Qvc ˆ`LGZ ˆcGq KÓ¡ cvq iwdK| ZGe gyL N wefvM  bvUK
dzGU wKQyB ejGZ cvGi bv| KviY ˆm RvGb Zvi ‰ kvwÕ¦ AvñK‡Z| KvDGK ˆm ˆ`vl 10. AvGe` Avjx ‰wZg RvjvjGK Avì, fvGjvevmv Avi wek¼vm-fimv w`Gq eo
w`GZ cvGi bv| KGi ˆZvGjb| ZvGK wek¼vm KGi nvGU evRvGi cvVvb wewKwKwb KiGZ| cÉwZGekxiv
K. gv`vg ˆjvBGmGji Õ¼vgx ˆKv^vq PvKwi KiZ? 1 mveavb KiGjI AvGe` Avjx Zv KvGb ˆZvGjbwb| 1971 mvGj hy«¬ ÷i‚ nGj AvGe`
L. gv`vg ˆjvBGmjGK ˆ`LGj ‰Lb eqÕ•v eGj gGb nq ˆKb? 2 Avjx evwoi wfZGi ˆ^GK RvjvjGK evBGi ˆ^GK Zvjv jvwMGq PGj ˆhGZ eGjb| wK¯§
M. DóxcGKi KÍ¸bvi mvG^ ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi mv`†kÅ AvGQ weGkÏlY Rvjvj cÉwZkÉ‚wZ w`GqI ˆjvGf cGo AvGe` AvjxGK awiGq ˆ`q ivRvKvi Avi cvK
KGiv| 3 nvbv`viGì nvGZ|
N. DóxcK I ‘ˆbKGjm’ MÍ¸ ‰KB e†GÞi `ywU dj@ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 K. wmivRDGóŒjvi nZÅvKvixi bvg Kx? 1
L wefvM  c`Å L. ‘weËwUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb, ‰ eo jäv K^v’@ ˆK, ˆKb ‰ K^v
5. Avõyj Mvd&dvi MÉvGgi Av`kÆ K‡lK| `y-Pvi MuvGqi gvbyl ZvGK ‰K bvGg eGjGQb? 2
ˆPGb| ˆm mgw®¼Z c«¬wZGZ Pvl KGi AÍ¸ Õ©vGb AwaK Drcv`Gbi bwRi Õ©vcb M. DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
KGi K‡wlGÞGò ŠeµÏweK mvdjÅ ARÆb KGi| miKvwi-êmiKvwi cyiÕ•viI cvq| N. “DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cyGiv fve cÉKvwkZ bv nGjI ‰KwU w`K
miKvwi eÅeÕ©vcbvq weG`k ögGY wMGq ˆ`GLb ˆmLvGb kxZKvjxb dmj djvGbv
nGœQ MÉxÓÃKvGj| wZwb Dcjwº¬ KGib ˆh K‡wli AGbK wKQy RvbGjI wZwb mewKQy gvò cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4
RvGbb bv| 11. kvnxb MÉvGg cÉwZGekxi evwoGZ Pzwi KGi aiv cGo| gv-evev mÁÃvb euvPvGZ
K. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU cÉ^Gg ˆKvb cwòKvq cÉKvwkZ nq? 1 ˆQGjGK gvgvevwo cvwVGq ˆ`q| ˆmLvGb wKQyw`b ^vKvi ci ˆbkvMÉÕ¦ nGq cGo|
L. ‘evaÅ nGq AvGQ ˆgvi êovàwj Rxebhvòvi’@ ‰ K^vi ZvrchÆ Kx? 2 gvgvi NGii ˆQvU ˆQvU `vwg wRwbmcò nvivGZ ^vGK| cÉ^gZ Zviv KvGRi ˆgGqGKB
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi Kx Šemv`†kÅ I mv`†kÅ AvGQ ˆjGLv| 3 mG±`n KGi| wK¯§ ˆgGqi R¯Ãw`Gbi Dcnvi nvwiGq ˆMGj Zv cvIqv hvq kvnxGbi
N. DóxcGKi Avõyj Mvd&dvi I ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi Kwei Dcjwº¬ ‰KB@ eÅvLÅv NGii Avjgvwii gGaÅ Zvjve«¬ AeÕ©vq| ZLb gyGLvk LyGj hvq kvnxGbi|
KGiv| 4 gvgvevwo ˆ^GK ˆm weZvwoZ nq|
6. gPgBj evRvGi cÉKvGkÅ wZbRb m¯¨vmx AvKÌgY KGi ZvGje gvÕ¡viGK| wZwb K. “AvñmgcÆY KivB ‰Lb hywÚmsMZ”@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1
gvwUGZ jywUGq coGj ˆgvUimvBGKjGhvGM m¯¨vmxiv cvwjGq hvq| ‰gb mgq NUbvÕ©Gj L. “gwZwSj ˆQGo Avwg ‰K cv boe bv”@ DwÚwUGZ NGmwU êMGgi ˆKvb
‰Gm cGo mvnmx ‰K Zi‚Y wdGivR| ˆm m¯¨vmxGì avIqv KGi ‰es ‰KRbGK aGi gvbwmKZv dzGU DGVGQ? 2
BDwbqb cwilG` ˆPqvigÅvGbi nvGZ ZzGj ˆ`q| wdGi ‰Gm ˆ`GL gvÕ¡vi ZLbI gvwUGZ M. kvnxb Pwiò ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? KxfvGe? 3
jywUGq cGo AvGQb| ˆKD mvnvGhÅ ‰wMGq AvmGQ bv, cywjwk SvGgjvi fGq| wdGivR N. ‘kvnxb wKsev jWÆ KÑvBGfi gGZv gvbyGli Afve mgvGR ˆbB’@ g¯¦eÅwU
ˆKvGbv wKQy bv ˆfGeB gvÕ¡vi gkvBGK wbGq hvq ˆgwWGKGj| weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
1. ‘wecyj hvnvi Avkv, KÑvw¯¦nxb hvnvi Drmvn, weivU wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
hvnvi J`vhÆ, Adzi¯¦ hvnvi cÉvY, AUj hvnvi Ki L i I iii Ki I ii L ii I iii
mvabv, g†ZzÅ hvnvi gywVZGj’@ Zvi‚GYÅi ‰ M ii I iii N i I ii Mi I iii N i, ii I iii
ŠewkÓ¡Å cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ 12. ‘jyÅf’ wgDwRqvg ˆKv^vq AewÕ©Z? 22. ‘Õ©vwcjv weayGi wewa Õ©vYyi jjvGU|’@ ‰LvGb
K mvgÅev`x KweZvq K j´£Gb L cÅvwiGm ‘weay’ kõwU ˆKvb AG^Æ eÅen†Z nGqGQ?
L AvVvGiv eQi eqm KweZvq M gGÕ•vq N ˆRGbfvq K bÞò L mƒhÆ
M HKZvb KweZvq
13. ‘mvGci ˆ`Gni Zvcgvòv wbqw¯¨Z bq’@ mixm†c M Puv` N dzj
N ˆmB AÕ¨ KweZvq
cÉvYx mvGci mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ cÉvYx ˆKvbwU? 23. ‘ˆh AvGQ gvwUi KvQvKvwQ,
2. 1969-‰i MY-AfzÅïvGb wbnZ nGqwQGjb@
K Kzwgi L eÅvO ˆm Kwei evYx jvwM Kvb ˆcGZ AvGQ|’@ Kwe
i. Avmv`yävgvb ii. W. kvgmyGävnv
M nvwZ N bxj-wZwg iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi ˆKvb Kwei evYxi RbÅ Kvb
iii. eiKZ
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 14. ‘Avi giGgi eÅ^v jyKvGq giGg ˆcGZ AvGQb?
Ki L i I ii
RVi AbGj `wnGZ|’ ‰LvGb ‘RVi Abj’ ejGZ K ˆh Kwe bvMwiK RxeGbi kwiK
M ii I iii N iii êvSvq@ L ˆh Kwe cÉK‡wZ ˆcÉGgi kwiK
3. ‘hLb kKzb ˆbGg AvGm ‰B ˆmvbvi evsjvq’@ K RVivw™² L ZxeË Þzavi Zvobv M ˆh Kwe ˆ`Ëvn-ˆPZbvi kwiK
PiYwUGZ evsjvi ˆKvb msMÉvGgi ˆPZbvGK DG¯ÃvPb M Dì N Dìvgq îvM N ˆh Kwe K‡lvGbi RxeGbi kwiK
Kiv nGqGQ? 15. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MÍ¸wU wbGPi ˆKvb MÉG¯© msKwjZ 24. ‘wbKzwÁ¿jv’ hævMvGi ˆgNbv` ˆh ˆèZvi cƒRviZ
K wmcvnx weµÏe L AmnGhvM AvG±`vjb nGqGQ? AeÕ©vq wQj@
M fvlv AvG±`vjb N Õ¼vaxbZv AvG±`vjb K cÉv‹MwZnvwmK K Aw™²G`Gei L ei‚YG`Gei
4. AvØvGmi evevi bvg Kx? L AvR Kvj ci÷i MÍ¸ M B±`ÊG`Gei N ˆmvgG`Gei
K LvGjK eÅvcvix L ˆgveviK wgqv M cwiwÕ©wZ N mixm†c 25. ‘Aeævi ZvGc ÷Ó• wbivb±` ˆmB gi‚f„wg’@
M Kvjy wgqv N ˆgv`vGe»i wgqv wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 16 I 17 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i PiYwU ˆh ZvrchÆ enb KGi@
5. ‘K^vUv wg^Åv ˆRGbI cÉPí R¾Gj IGV A¯¦i’@ Dîi `vI: i. mvwnGZÅ cÉvw¯¦K gvbyGli AbycwÕ©wZ
DwÚwUGZ Kvi A¯¦i R¾Gj IVvi K^v êvSvGbv nq? ivgmy±ì evey eGbw` Ni ˆcGq ˆgGq weGq w`GZ D`ÅZ ii. mvwnGZÅ DœPGkÉwYi gvbyGli AbycwÕ©wZ
K iwngvi L gwRGì nb| ‰GÞGò wZwb eicÞ ˆ^GK `vweK‡Z ˆ`bvcvIbv iii. gƒK hviv `ytGL myGL
M ZvGnivi evevi N Rwgjvi PzwKGq w`Gq gnvmvoÁ¼Gi ˆgGqi weGq mÁ·®² KGib| wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
6. ‘wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm-ˆPvL’@ DwÚwUi 16. DóxcGKi ivgmy±ì eveyi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ Ki L ii
ZvrchÆ nGjv@ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi Šemv`†kÅ iGqGQ? Mi I ii N ii I iii
i. wbw«¼Æavq wek¼vm Kiv
K nwik L kÁ¿zbv^ 26. wbGPi ˆKvb Õ©vbwU gymjgvb, wLËÓ¡vb I Büw`Gì
ii. weGkl ÞgZvi AwaKvix gGb Kiv
M weby N gvgv wbKU cweò?
iii. A®¬fvGe wek¼vm Kiv
17. DóxcGK I ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ dzGU DGVGQ@ K gØv L ˆRi‚RvGjg
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
i. KzmsÕ•vi ii. ˆhŒZzKcÉ^v M gw`bv N Mqv
K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. cÉwZev`x ˆPZbv 27. ‘nvwmGQb wZwb Ag†Z wnqvi wbf‡Z A¯¦ivGj’@
7. beve wmivRDGóŒjv KvGK AvjxbMGii ˆÌqvb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? ‰LvGb ˆèZv VvKzGii nvwmi KviY@
wbhyÚ KGib? Ki L i I ii i. A¯¦i agÆ eo agÆ@ AGbGK êvGS bv eGj
K DwgPuv`GK L gvwbKPuv`GK M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ii. agÆ n†`Gqi cwieGZÆ cyw^GZ ˆLuvGR eGj
M wgiRvdiGK N ivq`yjÆfGK 18. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬ AbymvGi Avgiv civaxb ˆh iii. agÆ-kvÕ¨GK AvñÕ© KiGZ cvGi bv eGj
8. wmivGRi wei‚G«¬ NGmwU êMGgi AvGKÌvGki KviY@ KviGY@ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K A^Æ`í K AæZvi L Õ¼vejÁ¼bnxbZvi Ki L ii
L ivR‹bwZK cÉvavbÅ jvf M gƒLÆZvi N Avw^ÆK `xbZvi Mi I ii N i, ii I iii
M bevGei `yeÆjZv 19. ‘ˆm givGZI kvw¯¦ AvGQ’@ ˆjLK ˆkL gywReyi 28. ‘ˆm RG¯ÃGQ bxj evsjvi Nvm Avi avGbi wfZi|’@
N gvwbKPuv`GK kvwÕ¦ cÉ`vb ingvb ˆKvb g†ZzÅGZ kvw¯¦i K^v eGjGQb? ˆK RG¯ÃGQ?
9. ivBmyj Rynvjv wQGjb@ K fvlv AvG±`vjGb Ask wbGq K myiébv L ebjZv ˆmb
K wmivRDGóŒjvi cÉavb àµ¦Pi L Õ¼vaxbZv AvG±`vjGb Ask wbGq M wekvjvÞx N k›Lgvjv
L wgiRvdGii mnGhvMx ŠmwbK M AbÅvq I AZÅvPvGii wei‚G«¬ cÉwZev` KGi 29. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq eÅen†Z ‘KzGnwj
M BsGiR cGÞi àµ¦Pi Dîix’ kõwU Kx A^Æ enb KGi?
N RbZvi wei‚G«¬ AvG±`vjb KGi
N NGmwU êMGgi cvwjZ cyò K gvGNi Kzqvkv L DîGii Kzqvkv
20. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ îBbGKvU enb KGiGQ@
10. ‘ˆmvwkqvwjwÕ¡K’ kõwU wbGPi ˆKvb eÅwÚGZ½i M Kzqvkvi Pvì N ˆcŒGli Kzqvkv
K gywÚhyG«¬i BwZnvm L gywÚhyG«¬i ˆcÉÞvcU
mvG^ mÁ·KÆhyÚ? 30. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨ DGîvwjZ nGj
M fvlv AvG±`vjGbi ˆPZbv
K ˆbGcvwjqvb L KvjÆ gvKÆm
N gywÚhyG«¬i ˆPZbv AiYÅ nGe AviI meyR
M ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv N gnvñv Mv®¬x
21. ‘Škevj `xwNGi eGj DœP Kwi wki b`x AviI KGÍÏvwjZ
11. ‘Ii ˆÕ²nvZzi Avñv eü`ƒi ˆ^GK Avgvq Avn»vb
KGi ‰GbGQ| Avgvi gb nqZ Ii WvK ‰evi wjGL ivGLv ‰K ˆduvUv w`Gjg wkwki|’ cvwLiv bxGo NyGgvGe’ ‰LvGb ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ ejGZ
Avi ZvwœQjÅ KiGZ cvGiwb|’@ DwÚwUGZ ˆKvb DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ŠecixZÅ cÉKvk êvSvGbv nGqGQ@
cÉmGãi BwãZ ˆÌqv nGqGQ? ˆcGqGQ ˆh ŠewkÓ¡Å aviY Kivq@ K fvGjvevmv I kvw¯¦
i. Mfxi gvbweK mÁ·GKÆi i. cviÕ·wiK mnGhvwMZvq L cÉK‡wZi wekvjZv
ii. eywoi KvdGbi Kvco wKGb ˆèvi Ave`vi ii. mnvbyf„wZ cÉKvGk M b`xi LiGmÉvZv i…c
iii. AnsKvixi Avñ`Á¿ iii. AnsKvGii `GÁ¿ N meyGRi mgvGivn
1 L 2 L 3 N 4 N 5 M 6 L 7 L 8 L 9 K 10 L 11 N 12 L 13 K 14 L 15 M
Dîi
16 L 17 L 18 L 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 M 23 N 24 K 25 K 26 L 27 M 28 N 29 M 30 K

K wefvM  M`Å M. DóxcGKi RvwgGii mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kvi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? eYÆbv KGiv| 3
1. cÉvq ‰K eQi nGjv evwRZcyi wbevmx ˆKivgZ Avjxi ˆQvU ˆgGq weRjxi mvG^ N. “DóxcGKi mvjgvi gGbi KÓ¡ Avi ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi Kwei n†`Gqi
gGbvnicyi MÉvGgi ˆnvGmb wgqvi ‰Kgvò ˆQGj nvwkGgi weGq nGqGQ| iÚÞiY ‰K mƒGò Muv^v’@ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
weGqi wKQyw`b ci ˆ^GKB nvwkGgi cwievi weRjxi Dci AgvbweK AZÅvPvi I wbhÆvZb 7. IGi bexb IGi Avgvi KuvPv
ki‚ KGiGQ| weRjxi Aciva@ weGqi mgq Zvi evev cÉwZkÉ‚wZ Abyhvqx ˆhŒZzGKi mgÕ¦ IGi meyR, IGi AeyS
UvKv cwiGkva KiGZ cvGiwb| ZvB weRjxGK bxiGe mnÅ KiGZ nGœQ ‰ wbhÆvZb| Ava-givGì Nv ˆgGi ZzB euvPv
K. ‘K´ÖUÆ’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 iÚ AvGjvi gG` gvZvj ˆfvGi
L. AbycGgi gvgvi gb KxfvGe big nGjv? 2 AvRGK ˆh hv eGj ejyK ˆZvGi,
M. DóxcGKi weRjxi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZ’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYx PwiGòi mv`†kÅ-Šemv`†kÅ ZzGj mKj ZKÆ ˆnjvq ZzœQ KGi
ai| 3 cyœQwU ˆZvi DGœP ZzGj bvPv|
N. hw` AbycGgi mvG^ KjÅvYxi weGq nGZv, Zvi cwiYwZI wK DóxcGKi weRjxi Avq `yi¯¦, AvqGi Avgvi KuvPv||
gGZv nGZv? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 K. myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ g†ZzÅi cƒeÆ chÆ¯¦ ˆKvb cwòKvi mÁ·v`K wQGjb? 1
2. ivRkvnx wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ivÓ¡Çweævb wefvGMi PZz^Æ eGlÆi Qvò wnGgj| ˆjLvcovi L. “‰G`Gki eyGK AvVvGiv AvmyK ˆbGg”@ cswÚwUi ZvrchÆ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
eÅÕ¦Zvq Zvi MÉvGgi evwoGZ Avmvi Lye ‰KwU myGhvM nq bv| ZGe CGì QywU, cƒRvi M. “DóxcGK ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ewYÆZ welGqi AvswkK cÉwZdjb NGUGQ”@
QywUGZ hLb wbR MÉvGg AvGm, Mwie-`ytLx gvbyGli ˆLuvR-Lei ˆbq; ˆmev-hð KGi| DwÚwU wePvi KGiv| 3
wbGRi bvÕ¦vi LiP, nvZ LiP ˆ^GK euvPvGbv UvKvq MÉvGgi nZ`wi`Ë AmyÕ© gvbylGì N. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm” KweZvq ‰es DóxcGK gƒjZ Zvi‚GYÅiB RqMvb MvIqv
wPwKrmvi RbÅ A^Æ mvnvhÅ KGi| ‰gbwK `yÕ©Gì ˆKD g†ZzÅeiY KiGj ˆm KvdGbi nGqGQ@ ‰ welGq ˆZvgvi ˆhŒwÚK gZvgZ `vI| 4
Kvco chÆ¯¦ wKGb ˆ`q| MÉvGgi mevB ZvGK cQ±` KGi ‰es fvGjvevGm| M wefvM  jvjmvjy
K. wef„wZf„lY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq KZ mvGj g†ZzÅeiY KGib? 1 8. cjvkcyi MÉvGgi mywkwÞZ ˆQGj dqmvj| kni ˆ^GK ‰g ‰ cvm KGi wbR MÉvGg
L. eywo ˆKb cÉvqB ˆjLGKi RbÅ ‰Uv-ˆmUv wbGq AvmZ? 2 wdGi ‰GmGQ| Zvi eo BœQv ‰jvKvi D®²qb Kiv, weGkl KGi wbiÞi gvbylGì mvÞi
M. DóxcGKi wnGgGji mvG^ ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiG`Ëi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 KGi ˆZvjv| ˆm cÉZÅvkvq dqmvj Zvi MÉvGg ‰KwU Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤v Kivi ˆPÓ¡v KGi| wK¯§
N. ‘MÉvGgi mevB ZvGK cQ±` KGi ‰es fvGjvevGm@ ˆMvcvGji ˆÞGòI ‰K^v ‰ gnr KvGR ˆm mnGhvwMZvi cwieGZÆ ZxeË evavi mÁÃyLxb nq| wbGRi cÉfve ÞzY² nGe
mgfvGe cÉGhvRÅ’@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 ˆfGe gvZe»i iRZ wgqv I Zvi ˆjvGKiv dqmvjGK AcgvwbZ KGi MÉvgQvov KGi| gƒLÆ
3. evc-gv giv AfvMx ˆgGq cÉwZgv `wi`Ë KvKv-KvKxi KvGQ eo nGqGQ| `vwiG`ËÅi MÉvgevmx Avi Õ¼v^Æev`x gvbyGli KvGQ mGZÅi Acg†ZzÅ NGU|
mvG^ msMÉvg KGi AGbK KGÓ¡ fvB-wSGK weGq ˆ`b KvKv| AfvMx cÉwZgv k¼÷ievwoGZI K. BDwbqb êvGWÆi ˆcÉwmGWG´Ÿi bvg Kx? 1
myGLi bvMvj cvq bv| KviY Zvi KvKvi KvQ ˆ^GK ˆhŒZzGKi UvKv Avbvi RbÅ Õ¼vgx- L. “wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm ˆPvL”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
kv÷wo cÉwZwbqZ kvixwiK I gvbwmK wbhÆvZb Pvjvq| ‰gbwK A¯¦tmî½v ˆRGbI Zvi Õ¼vgx M. DóxcGKi dqmvj ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? wbYÆq KGiv| 3
‰Kw`b gviai KGi ZvGK Aævb KGi ˆdGj| hLb ævb wdGi AvGm, cÉwZgv N. ‘gƒLÆ MÉvgevmx Avi Õ¼v^Æev`x gvbyGli KvGQ mGZÅi Acg†ZzÅ NGU”@ DwÚwU
ˆKvGbviKGg cvwjGq KvKv-KvKxi KvGQ PGj AvGm| fvBwS’i ‰gb cwiwÕ©wZ weGePbv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvGjvGK wePvi KGiv| 4
KGi KvKv-KvKx wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq Agb k¼÷ievwoGZ ZvGK cvVvGe bv Zviv| 9. wnRjZjx MÉvGgi gvbylàGjv AZÅ¯¦ cwikÉgx| ZvGì ˆMvjvfiv avb AvGQ, K¥¤fiv Mvb
K. gvwbK eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq KZ eQi êuuGPwQGjb? 1 AvGQ Avi AvGQ RxeGbi RbÅ msMÉvgx ˆPZbv| ‰ MÉvGgi hyeK-e†«¬ mKGj dmGji gvGV
L. ‘hyG«¬i AvGqvRb KGi ŠZwi nGq ^vGK gvwm-wcwm’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcGKi cÉwZgvi mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvw` PwiGòi mv`†kÅ-Šemv`†kÅ ˆhgb myGii gƒQÆbv ˆZvGj, ˆZgwb Avevi cÉvK‡wZK `yGhÆvGMi mgq MvRxcxi wKsev eìcxGii
wbi…cY KGiv| 3 mvnvhÅI Kvgbv KGi| ‰ MÉvGgi ˆjvKGì AGbGKi NGiB nqGZv Afve AvGQ wK¯§ ZvGì
N. “A^Æwj¶Öv gvbylGK cwicƒYÆ c÷ KGi ˆZvGj@ DóxcGK I ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ‰ `ytL-KÓ¡ AvGQ wKbv Zv êvSv `vq| ‰Gì `ytGLi KviY cÉZviK ˆkÉwYi gvbyl| ‰iv mij I
mZÅwU mG±`nvZxZfvGe cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ”@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4 agÆcÉvY wK¯§ agÆ mÁ·GKÆ Õ¼œQ aviYv bv ^vKvq fí avwgÆGKiv ‰Gì VKvq|
4. ewMÆ ‰j LvRbv wbGZ K. ‘Kjgv RvGbv wgTv?’@ gwR` cÉkw² U KvGK KGiGQ? 1
gvij gvbyl KZ| L. “ZvB Zviv ˆQvGU, ˆQvGU”@ ˆKb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
cyoj kni cyoj kÅvgj M. DóxcGKi MÉvgevmxi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gvybGli
MÉvg ˆh kZ kZ| mv`†kÅ LyuGR cvIqv hvq@ eYÆbv KGiv| 3
nvbv`vGii mGã ˆRvGi N. ‘‰Gì `ytGLi KviY cÉZviK ˆkÉwYi gvbyl’@ DóxcGKi ‰B DwÚi AvGjvGK
jGo gywÚ ˆmbv gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gvbyGli `y`Ækvi wPò ZzGj aGiv| 4
ZvGì K^v ˆ`Gki gvbyl N wefvM  wmivRDGóŒjv
KLGbv fzjGe bv| 10. BwZnvm eGj mgËvU eveGii g†ZzÅi ci Zvi ˆRÅÓ¤cyò ügvqyb hLb wmsnvmGb
K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i K^GKi bvg Kx? 1 eGmb, ZLb Zvi eqm gvò evBk eQi| ‰Kw`GK AÍ¸ eqGm kvmbKvGhÆi ài‚`vwqZ½,
L. “ivwkqvq wQj ˆRbvGij DBbUvi, AvgvGì ˆRbvGij gbmyb”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 AbÅw`GK wmsnvmGb emvi ci ˆ^GKB PGj bvbvgyLx loh¯¨| ‰ iKg cÉwZK„j
M. DóxcKwUGZ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 cwiwÕ©wZGZI hyeK kvmK ügvqyb wVKfvGe nvj aGi AZÅ¯¦ mvnwmKZvq kvmbKvhÆ
N. “nvbv`viGì mGã ˆRvGi jGo gywÚ ˆmbv@ DóxcGKi ‰B eÚGeÅi gGZv PvwjGq hvb| ügvqyGbi fvBGqiv ‰es Avñxq-Õ¼RGbiv hwÌ mnGhvwMZvi cwieGZÆ
‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸I cÉwZGivGai wPò iGqGQ”@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 lohG¯¨ wjµ¦ wQj, Z^vwc `y`Æv¯¦ cÉZvGc kÚ nvGZ mewKQyi ˆgvKvGejv KGib wZwb|
L wefvM  c`Å K. gywÚhyG«¬i mgq KjKvZv ˆ^GK wmKvb`vi Avey Rvdi ˆKvb cwòKv mÁ·v`bv KGib? 1
5. gvbyl gvbyGli RbÅ/ Rxeb RxeGbi RbÅ L. “Avgvi mviv AwÕ¦Z½ RyGo ˆKej ˆhb ˆ`qvGji fxo”@ DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ ˆjGLv| 2
‰KUz mnvbyf„wZ wK gvbyl ˆcGZ cvGi bv/ I e®¬y M. DóxcGKi ügvqyGbi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi wgj iGqGQ
gvbyl gvbylGK cYÅ KGi ‰es KxfvGe? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
gvbyl gvbylGK RxweKv KGi N. “DóxcGKi ügvqyGbi RxeGbi ˆkl cwiYwZ Avi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve
cyGivGbv BwZnvm wdGi ‰Gj wmivRDGóŒjvi RxeGbi ˆkl cwiYwZ ‰KiKg bq”@ g¯¦eÅwUi mcGÞ ˆZvgvi
jäv wK Zzwg cvGe bv? gZvgZ `vI| 4
K. ˆR±`vGeÕ¦v Kx? 1 11. nvRvi eQGii ˆkÉÓ¤ evOvwj, Awemsevw`Z ˆbZv eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb|
L. “ˆhLvGb wgGkGQ wn±`y-êŒ«¬-gymwjg wKÌøvb”@ evKÅwUi ZvrchÆ eYÆbv KGiv| 2 ivRbxwZGZ, kvmbKvGhÆ meÆ`vB wZwb wQGjb AvGcvlnxb| myÓ¤z MYZG¯ï Õ¼vG^Æ AZÅvPvix,
M. DóxcGK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb w`KwU ZzGj aiv nGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 ˆkvlYKvix, ŠÕ¼ivPvix kvmGKi wei‚G«¬ jovB KGi ˆMGQb AvRxeb| 19522, 1966,
N. “DóxcGK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi gƒjmyi a»wbZ nGjI ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZv ŠewPòÅgq 1969, 1970 mGeÆvcwi 1971 mGb Zuvi ewjÓ¤ ˆbZ‡GZ½i ˆgŒwjKZ½ AbÕ¼xKvhÆ| Zuvi mwVK
Z^Å Dcgvq AwaKZi eÅébvmn nGqGQ”@ g¯¦eÅwU ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn AvGjvPbv ˆbZ‡Z½ I w`K-wbG`Ækbvq Õ¼vaxb mveÆGfŒg ‘evsjvG`k’ bvgK ivGÓ¡Çi R¯Ã| A^P ˆ`k
KGiv| 4 Õ¼vaxGbi ci eãe®¬yi wek¼vm I D`viZvi myGhvM wbGq ‰G`Gki emevmKvix
6. mvjgv I Rvwgj `vÁ·ZÅ RxeGb myGLB w`bvwZcvZ KiwQj| nVvr ‰K `yivGivMÅ cvwKÕ¦vwbGì ˆ`vmiiv Mfxi lohG¯ï wkKo ˆMGo eGm| ˆmB lohG¯ï Pig cwiYwZ
eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ nGq g†ZzÅeiY Kij Rvwgj| Q±`cZb NUj mvjgvi myLgq RxeGb| hwÌ NGU 1975 mGbi 15 AvMÕ¡ RvwZi RbKGK wbgÆgfvGe nZÅvi gvaÅGg|
cieZÆxKvGj kvgxg bvGgi ‰K f`ËGjvGKi mvG^ mvjgvi Avevi weGq nq| wK¯§ cÉ^g K. ivBmyj Rynvjvi cÉK‡Z bvg Kx? 1
Õ¼vgxi ÕÃ†wZ ˆm ‰K w`Gbi RGbÅI fzjGZ cvGiwb| KviY, ˆm wQj Zvi mKj KvGRi L. “........... mevB wgGj mwZÅB Avgiv evsjvGK wewKÌ KGi w`wœQ bv ˆZv?”
ˆcÉiYv`vZv| cÉwZ emG¯¦ mvjgv cÉ^g Õ¼vgxi K^v ÕÃiY KGi ‰K`g D`vmxb nGq hvq eÚeÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 2
‰es Õ¼vgxi KeGii cvGk eGm bxiGe AkÉ‚cvZ KGi| ˆKbbv Zvi ˆmB fvGjvevmvi gvbylwU M. ‘DóxcGKi eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi beve
em¯¦KvGjB ZvGK ˆQGo wPiw`Gbi gGZv PGj ˆMGQ| wmivRDGóŒjv PwiGòi mv`†kÅ wbi…cY KGiv| 3
K. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` ˆjLv? 1 N. “DóxcGKi ˆkL gywReyi ingvb ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wmivRDGóŒjv
L. ‘KzGnwj Dîix ZGj gvGNi m®²Åvmx’ ejGZ Kwe Kx eywSGqGQb? 2 `y’RGbB ˆ`kGcÉgx ‰es wbgÆg lohG¯ï wkKvi”@ DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ wePvi KGiv| 4
1. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i eÚeÅ Abyhvqx hviv ˆcÉg 11. ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvq ˆjLK RvZxq Rv`yNi 21. ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq BÕ·vGZi
I ˆmŒ±`GhÆi Õ·kÆ jvf KGiwb ZvGì ‰Kgvò Kx enb KGi eGj DGÍÏL KGiGQb? Zievwi hvGK mkÕ¨ KiGe, ˆm nGjv@
ˆèZv ˆK? K gvbemîvi ŠewkÓ¡Å L mvsÕ•‡wZK HwZnÅ K ˆjŒnLí cÉR¾vjbKvix
K wbÓ¤ziZv L AnsKvi L Mvwfi cwiPhÆvKvix
M RvwZmîvi cwiPq N evOvwji AvñcwiPq
M Õ©ƒjeyw«¬ N weK‡wZ M grmÅ jvjbKvix
12. “ZLb Pvlv A®²eGÕï KvOvj wQj bv| ZLb wK¯§
2. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq Kwe ævGbi `xbZv cƒiY KGib N KlÆYKvix
ˆm AmfÅ eeÆi wQj|”@ ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i ‰ 22. “evsjvG`k ˆh Avcbvi KvQ ˆ^GK AGbK wKQy
Kx «¼viv? eÚeÅ «¼viv êvSvq@
K ögYe†îv¯¦ L gvbyGli KxwZÆ
Avkv KGi|”@ evqv®²i w`bàGjv’GZ ‰B DwÚi
K mfÅZvi A¯¦tmvikƒbÅZv ‘AGbK wKQy’ nGjv@
M wfÞvjº¬ ab N wPògqx evYx
L eeÆiZvi cÉwZ cÞcvZ K hy«¬ L Õ¼vaxbZv
3. “Avwg hw` LvBGZ bv cvBjvg, ZGe mgvGRi
M PvlvGì cÉwZ ggZ½Geva M AfzÅïvb N mwVK ˆbZ‡Z½
D®²wZ jBqv Kx Kwie?” ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬i ‰ 23. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq mfÅZvi ˆmB cÉwZkÉ‚wZ «¼viv
N HwZnÅcÉxwZ
DwÚGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ êvSvGbv nGqGQ@
K hywÚwbÓ¤ gGbvfwã L AwaKvi mGPZbZv
13. ‘ˆmLvGb ei‚Y/KYÆdzjx aGjk¼ix c«Âv RjvãxGi
ˆ`q Aweij Rj;’@‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb K meyR AiYÅ L bMi mfÅZv
M AvñiÞvi cÉqvm N ivR‹bwZK cÉæv M weævbgbÕ•Zv N gvbweK ˆPZbv
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `yBwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: AvGQ’ KweZvi D«¬†Z AsGk cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `yBwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
‰K`j kÉgRxex bvix-cyi‚l jGç KGi MÉvGg hvwœQj CGì K evsjvG`Gki b`xgvZ‡KZv
aGgÆi AceÅvLÅv Avi mvgvwRK KzmsÕ•vGii KvGQ
QywUGZ| weîevb ˆgvwnZ mvGne Õ¨x-m¯¦vb ‰es Avñxq- L K‡wlwfwîK A^ÆbxwZ Amnvq AvñmgcÆY KGi AvGjqv, A^P ZviB eo êvb
cwiRb wbGq jGç DVGj jçKgÆxiv kÉgRxexGì wmUàGjv M ei‚GYi `vbkxjZv N cÉvK‡wZK ŠewPòÅ ivGnjv mewKQyGKB hywÚ w`Gq wePvi KiGZ Pvq, hwÌ
ˆQGo w`GZ eGj| AGbGKB ˆQGo w`GjI cÉwZev` RvwbGq wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `yBwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: cwiYvGg ZvGK KwVb djB ˆfvM KiGZ nq|
wbGRi wmGU `†pfvGe eGm ^vGK M†nKgÆx nvwjgv| ˆgwWGKGji mvgGb w`Gq cÉwZw`Gbi gGZv KgÆÕ©Gj 24. DóxcGKi ivGnjv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb
4. DóxcGKi nvwjgv ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KvGK hvwœQj m`vMwi AwdGmi KwbÓ¤ ˆKivwb géy; nVvr wgwQj PwiGòi Abyi…c?
cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? Avi àwji kõ| fvlv AvG±`vjbKvixGì mvG^ géyi K Zvby L iwngv
K DwKj L KjÅvYx M Abycg N kÁ¿zbv^ IciI êaoK jvwVPvRÆ KGi cywjk evwnbx| Zvici M Rwgjv N AvGgbv
5. DóxcGK DGV Avmv ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i cÉmã nGjv@ ˆ^GK géyI nGq IGV fvlv AvG±`vjGbi mwKÌq KgÆx| 25. DóxcK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvm wbGPi ˆKvb
i. cÉwZev` ii. ˆkÉwY‹elgÅ 14. DóxcGKi ‘cyywjk evwnbx’ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ KvGK g¯¦eÅGK ˆhŒ^fvGe aviY KGi?
iii. agÆxq Drme hvòv K aGgÆi AceÅvLÅvKvixiv mgvGR cÉejfvGe
cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? cÉfve weÕ¦vi KGi
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K ivRvKvi L wgwjUvwi L ˆhGKvGbv ÷f DG`ÅvMGK KzmsÕ•viev`xiv
K i I ii L i I iii M cywjk N wgmwKÌGq´Ÿ mG±`Gni ˆPvGL ˆ`GL
15. DóxcGKi géy I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`vi M aGgÆi AceÅvLÅv hviv ˆgGb ˆbq Zviv kvw¯¦gq
6. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ AvnÐvwì evev Kx îvGM gviv PvwiwòK HKÅ@ Rxebhvcb KGi
wMGqwQj? N cÉPwjZ mgvReÅeÕ©vi wei‚«¬vPiYKvixiv
K KGgÆ L wkÞvq
K ˆµÏM L hßv M em¯¦ N KGjiv memgqB wbM†nxZ nq
M fvlv ˆPZbvq N ˆPZbvi cwieZÆGb
7. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq “wbR-KgÆ-ˆ`vGl, 26. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK cÉ^g AGâi cÉ^g
nvq, gRvBjv/ ‰ KbK-jâv ivRv” D«¬†wZGZ ‘wbR 16. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvq Kwe ˆKvb
b`xi ˆcÉg ˆPGqGQb? `†kÅwUi Õ©vb ˆKvbwU?
KgÆ-ˆ`vl’ ˆKvb cÉmGã eÅenvi Kiv nGqGQ? K bevGei ìevi L NGmwU êMGgi evwo
K mxZvGK AcniY L mƒcÆYLvi bvK KZÆb K c«Âv L ˆgNbv M hgybv N myigv
M ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg `yMÆ
M ivGgi wei‚G«¬ hy«¬ ˆNvlYv 17. Mv®¬xwRi ˆkLvGbv ‘wbGRi Ici AUzU wek¼vm’ N ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg RvnvR
N ivGgi ebevm hvòv ejGZ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ êvSvGbv nGqGQ@ 27. ‘‰Lb ˆm SGoi gyGL DGo Pjv cvZv bq|’ ‘jvjmvjy’
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `yBwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K AvñAnsKvi L AvñRvMiY DcbÅvGmi ‰ evGKÅ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ gwRGì@
wbGRGK Rvbv nGœQ wkÞvi ˆgŒwjK DGókÅ hvi A^Æ M AvñcÉPviYv N AvñÕ¼xKvGivwÚ K agÆxq I Avw^ÆK cÉfve
cÉK‡Z AG^Æ gvbyl nGq IVv| A^P AvRGKi `ywbqvq wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `yBwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: L Avw^ÆK I kvixwiK mÞgZv
wkwÞZ nGq AGbGKB gvbweK àY ARÆb KiGZ eÅ^Æ ˆRjv knGii ‰Kgvò ˆLjvi gvVwU Avevmb ˆKvÁ·vwb `Lj M Avw^ÆK I mvgvwRK cÉwZÓ¤v
nGœQ, eÅ^Æ nGœQ wkÞv| KiGZ ˆMGj knGii Zi‚Y ˆMvÓ¤x cÉwZev` Rvbvq| 52-‰i N agÆxq I mvgvwRK cÉwZcwî
8. DóxcGKi ‘wbGRGK Rvbv’ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi fvlvkwn` iwdGKi ˆcÉiYvq D«¼y«¬ nGq ˆhGKvGbv MYweGivax wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo cieZÆx `yBwU cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
ˆKvb PiGYi mvG^ ZzjbvGhvMÅ? Šnie Avi Šfie `yB fvB| wP¯¦v-ˆPZbvq Õ¼vG^Æ-civG^Æ
KvGR evav ˆ`qvi kc^ ˆbq Zviv| knievmx wek¼vm KGi
K ˆZvgvi n†`q wek¼ ˆ`Dj mKGji ˆèZvi
ˆhvRb `ƒGii evwm±`v Zviv; wK¯§ ZvGì gv `yivGivMÅ
cÉwZevG`-msMÉvGg iwdK ZvGì mvG^B AvGQb| eÅvwaGZ AvKÌv¯¦ nGj weGf` fzGj Šnie ŠfieGK gvGqi
L mKj kvÕ¨ LuyGR cvGe mLv LyGj ˆ`L wbR cÉvY 18. DóxcGK fvlvkwn` iwdGKi cÉwZevG`-msMÉvGg wPwKrmvq Zvi cvGk ^vKvi AbyGiva Rvbvq| Šfie Õ¼v^Æ
M ‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eGov ˆKvGbv gw±ì-Kvev bvB knievmxi mvG^ ^vKvi welqwU ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb wP¯¦v ZÅvM KGi webv w«¼avq eo fvBGqi cvGk ùvovq|
N ˆhLvGb wgGkGQ wn±`y-êŒ«¬-gymwjg wKÌøvb
cGo hvq’ KweZvi ˆKvb PiGYi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 28. DóxcGKi ‘gvGqi wPwKrmv’ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK
9. DóxcKwU ˆKvb weGePbvq ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi wmivR I wgiRvdGii ˆÞGò ˆKvb cÉmGã Zzjbxq?
K bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq
cÉwZdjb? K BsGiRGì civRq L ˆ`kevmxi KjÅvY
L iscyGi bƒij`xb ‰Kw`b WvK w`GqwQj
i. DGókÅ mdj bv nIqv M wmivGRi eÅ^ÆZv N evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZv
M AZxZ nVvr nvbv ˆ`q gvbyGli e®¬ ìRvq
ii. gvbweK àY ARÆGbi eÅ^ÆZv 29. DóxcGKi Šfie I wgiRvdi PwiGò hyMcr
N Avevi bƒij`xb ‰Kw`b Kvj cƒwYÆgvq w`Ge WvK
iii. wPiKvjxb mgvRevÕ¦eZv cÉwZdwjZ@
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 19. DóxcKwU ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’
K Õ¼v^Æv®¬Zv L êBgvwb
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii KweZvi mvG^ mÁ·wKÆZ ˆKvb mƒGò? M AbyGkvPbv N DœPvwfjvwlZv
10. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq ˆK MG®¬ Aaxi K fvlvq L AvwãGKM ˆPZbvq N AvLÅvGb 30. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ Kviv AbÅGK euvPvGbvi
AvKzj nGqGQ wKbv RvbGZ PvIqv nGqGQ? 20. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq NvZGKi ^vevi mÁÃyGL RbÅ AKvZGi cÉvY w`Gq hvGœQ eGj DGÍÏL AvGQ?
K AvGgi gyKzj L `wÞY `yqvi ˆK eyK cvGZ? K gvbyl L nwiY
M `wLbv mgxi N evZvwe ˆjeyi dzj K mvjvg L weµÏex M RbMY N eiKZ M KzKzi N wcucov
1 L 2 M 3 L 4 L 5 K 6 N 7 K 8 L 9 K 10 M 11 M 12 K 13 K 14 L 15 N
Dîi
16 M 17 L 18 M 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 N 23 N 24 M 25 N 26 M 27 M 28 L 29 K 30 N

K wefvM  M`Å N. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq ewYÆZ emG¯¦i i…cwPò ‰es DóxcGKi FZzivGRi
1. ‘KbÅvi evc meyi KwiGZ cvwiGZb, wK¯§ eGii evc meyi KwiGZ PvwnGjb bv| i…cwPò ‰KB AG^Æ mgv^ÆK@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
wZwb ˆ`wLGjb, ˆgGqwUi weevGni eqm cvi nBqv wMqvGQ, wK¯§ Avi wKQy w`b ˆMGj 7. eüw`b aGi eüGKÌvk `ƒGi
ˆmUvGK f`Ë ev Af`Ë ˆKvb iKGg Pvcv wèvi mgqUvI cvi nBqv hvBGe| ˆgGqi eü eÅq Kwi eü ˆ`k NyGi
eqm A‹ea iKGg evwoqv wMqvGQ eGU, wK¯§ cGYi UvKvi AvGcwÞK ài‚Z½ ‰LGbv ˆ`wLGZ wMqvwQ ceÆZgvjv
Zvnvi ˆPGq wKwçZ DcGi AvGQ, ˆmB RbÅB Zvov|’ ˆ`wLGZ wMqvwQ wm®¬y|
K. KbÅvGK AvkxeÆv` Kivi RbÅ KvGK cvVvGbv nGjv? 1 ˆ`Lv nq bvB PÞz ˆgwjqv
L. AbycGgi gvgv ˆmKivGK weGqevwoGZ ‰GbwQj ˆKb? 2 Ni nGZ ÷ay `yB cv ˆdwjqv
M. DóxcGKi KbÅvi evGci mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi gvgvi m†v`†kÅ ‰KwU avGbi kxGli Dci
ˆ`LvI| 3 ‰KwU wkwki we±`y|
N. DóxcGKi NUbvwPò ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i LívsGki cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi gvò@ K^vwUi K. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ? 1
h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4 L. Kwei AGMvPGi Kx iGq ˆMGQ? eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
2. ˆmB evsjvG`Gk wQj mnGmÉi ‰KwU Kvwnwb M. DóxcK ‰es ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi gGaÅ Šemv`†kÅàGjv AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
ˆKvivGb-cƒivGY, wkGÍ¸, cvjv-cveÆGY XvGK-ˆXvGj, N. DóxcGK ‰es ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi gƒjfvGe AvcvZ ŠecixZÅ ^vKGjI `yGUvGZB
AvDj-evDj bvGP; cyYÅvGni mvbvB iwéZ `ƒi I wbKUGK Rvbvi AvMÉn cÉvavbÅ ˆcGqGQ@ DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
îvóyGi AvKvkZGj ˆ`L Kviv nvGU hvq, gvwS M wefvM  DcbÅvm
cvj ˆZvGj, ZuvwZ êvGb, Lo QvIqv NGii AvàGb 8. gwZb I LvBi‚Gbi cuvP eQGii msmvi| weGqi ci nGZB AGbK ˆPÓ¡vi cGiI
gvGV NvGU-kÉgmãx bvbv RvwZ aGgÆi emwZ ZvGì m¯¦vb nq bv| AGbK ˆLuvRvLyuwRi ci Zviv AGbK `ƒGii ‰K MÉvGg ˆnKgZ
wPiw`b evsjvG`k@ KweivGRi m®¬vb cvq| m¯¦vb jvGfi Avkvq eÅvKzj gwZb `Ë‚Z Õ¨xGK ˆmLvGb wbGq
K. wef„wZf„lY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvGqi KvjRqx hyMj DcbÅvGmi bvg Kx? 1 hvq| ˆnKgZ KweivR AGbKÞY aGi LvBi‚bGK wbixÞY Kivi ci eGjb@ ‘ˆcGU
L. ‘ˆÕ²Gni `vb ‰gb Kiv wVK nqwb’@ K^vwU «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 êwi cGi eBjvBGZv Õ¨x ˆjvGKi m¯¦vbvw` nq bv, KvGiv cGo mvZ cuÅvP, KvGiv ˆPŒó|’
M. DóxcGKi gƒjfve ˆKvb wePvGi ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i gƒjfveGK aviY KGi@ ˆZvgvi K. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi BDwbqb êvGWÆi ˆcÉwmGWG´Ÿi bvg Kx? 1
`†wÓ¡GKvY ˆ^GK wePvi KGiv| 3 L. ‘avb w`qv Kx nBe, gvbyGli Rvb hw` bv ^vGK’@ ‰ DwÚ «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
N. “DóxcGKi AmvÁ·É`vwqK gGbvfve ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i MÍ¸ K^GKi gGbvRMGZ M. DóxcGKi gwZb I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi gGaÅ we`Ågvb mv`†kÅ
aiv cGoGQ”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv cÉwZc®² KGiv| 4 wbYÆq Ki| 3
3. K‡úvã ˆbZv ˆbjmb ˆgG´£jv RxeGbi AwaKvsk mgqB Kvivew±` wQGjb| N. DóxcGKi ˆnKgZ KweivR ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiGòi AvswkK
ˆRjLvbvq eGmB wZwb eYÆ-ŠelGgÅi wei‚G«¬ AvG±`vjb ‰es AbkbKGiGQb| ew±` cÉwZdjbgvò@ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvGjvGK eÚeÅwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
AeÕ©vGZI wZwb wewf®² MÉ¯© cÉKvGki gvaÅGg AwaKvi Av`vGqi ˆRvi msMÉvg 9. wZb Õ¨xi mvG^ msmvi KGib Ave»vm Avjx `dv`vi| MZ gvGm cÉ^g Õ¨xi AGaÆK
PvwjGq wMGqGQb| eqmx AvGiKwU ˆgGqGK Avevi weGq KGi NGi ‰GbGQ| ‰ AÍ¸ eqÕ•v eDGK Ave»vm
K. îYy ˆK? 1 Avjx ˆKvGbv cicyi‚Gli mvgGb ˆhGZ ˆ`q bv| KLbI K^vi AbÅ^v nGj eDGK
L. ‘hw` ‰ cG^ g†ZzÅ ‰Gm ^vGK ZGe ZvB nGe’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 bvbvfvGe kvmb KGi| ‰Kw`b cvGki evwoGZ Ûwjwfkb ˆ`Lvi AcivGa ˆQvU eDGK
M. DóxcGK ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ cÉeG®¬i cÉwZdwjZ w`KàGjv AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 ˆm kxGZi ivGZ NGii evBGi êuGa ivGL| ‰ NUbvq eo eD Lye KÓ¡ cvq| mvivivZ ˆm
N. “ˆbjmb ˆgG´£jvi AvG±`vjb wQj eYÆevGì wei‚G«¬ Avi ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ Nygvq bv| Avevi Kg eqmx ˆgGqUvGK ˆh NGi ˆWGK ˆbGe ˆm mvnmI cvq bv|
iPbvq ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi AvG±`vjb wQj RvwZ-mîvi cGÞ”@ DwÚwUi K. gwR`GK cÉ^g ˆ`GL Rwgjvi Kx gGb nGqwQj? 1
h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
4. KÍ¸bvi ivRKzgvi Zvi ˆQvU fvBGK wbGq ‰Kw`b c›LxivR ˆNvovq PGo DGo L. gwRGì gyGL ˆK ^y ^y w`GqwQj? ˆKb? 2
DGo gãj MÉGn wMGq bvGg| ˆmLvGb A«¿zZ AvK‡wZi AmsLÅ cÉvYx ˆ`GL Zviv weGgvwnZ M. DóxcGK Ave»vm Avjx `dv`vi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½
nq| ‰KwU evMvGb cÉGek KiGZB bxj iGOi wZb cv wewkÓ¡ ‰K`j cÉvYx ZvGì KGi? wbRÕ¼ gZvgZ `vI| 3
AvKÌgY KGi| AvñiÞvi ZvwMG` ivRKzgvi Zvi ˆQvU fvBGK îGLB c›LxivR ˆNvovq N. ‘iwngvi gvZ‡n†`q eÅvKzj nGq IGV KbÅv m`†k m¯¦vbwUi RbÅ’@ DóxcGK
DGV eGm| wbGgGlB ivRKzgvi ‰KvKx gãj MÉn nGZ Avcb ivGRÅ wdGi AvGm| ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvm AejÁ¼Gb g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒÆjÅvqb KGiv| 4
K. ˆmŒiRMGZi Z‡Zxq MÉGni bvg Kx? 1 N wefvM  bvUK
L. “gvbyl wbGRivB wbGRGì a»sm KGi”@ KxfvGe? 2 10. IqvÎ£Æ MvGWÆb ˆbUIqvKÆ bvGg ‰KwU êmiKvwi ˆKvÁ·vwb ivZvivwZ mviv ˆ`k
M. DóxcGKi ivRKzgvGii gãj MÉn nGZ ‰KvKx wdGi Avmvi KviYwU ‘gnvRvMwZK eÅvcx cÉmvi jvf KGi| Õ¼Í¸ wewbGqvGM ˆgvUv AsGKi gybvdv ˆ`qvi cÉwZkÉ‚wZ w`Gq Zviv
wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 3 ˆ`Gki mvaviY gvbyGli wbKU nGZ UvKv ˆZvjv ÷i‚ KGi| KGqK gvGmi gGaÅ
N. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸i wcucov Avi DóxcGKi gãj MÉGni A«¿zZ cÉvYxàGjv ˆKvÁ·vwbwUi RbwcÉqZv eÅvcK nvGi e†w«¬ cvq| cÉPzi cwigvGY UvKv nvwZGq wbGq
ˆhb ‰KB gy`Ëvi ‰wcV-IwcV@ gZvgZ `vI| 4 ˆKvÁ·vwbwU ‰K ivGZi gGaÅ mviv ˆ`k nGZ MvGqe nGq hvq| ‰B fzqv ˆKvÁ·vwbi
L wefvM  c`Å wbKU ˆ`Gki mvaviY gvbylàGjv ZvGì meÆÕ¼ LyBGq `vi‚YfvGe cÉZvwiZ nq|
5.ŠekvLx Drme AvgvGì cÉvGYi Drme| me ˆckv, ˆkÉwY I aGgÆi gvbyl ‰ K. beve Avjxew`Æ Luvi wcÉqcvò ˆK wQGjb? 1
Drme cvjb KGi| Hw`b Avcvgi evOvwj ZvGì agÆ, eYÆ, ˆMvò I ˆf`vGf` fzGj L. BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi cÉwZbwa ˆKb wmcvnmvjvGii mvG^ ˆ`Lv KiGZ
‰KB gvGV ˆbGP ˆMGq bZzb eQiGK aviY KGi| ŠekvLx ˆgjv, cv¯¦v-Bwjk, ‰GmwQGjb? 2
‰KZviv, bvMiG`vjv, cyZzj bvP BZÅvw` mvsÕ•‡wZK KgÆKvGíi gaÅ w`Gq cyGiv RvwZ M. DóxcGK IqvÎ£Æ MvGWÆb ˆbUIqvKÆ ˆKvÁ·vwbi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
ZvGì nvRvi eQGii msÕ•‡wZ I HwZnÅGK ÕÃiY KGi| ‰ w`Gb evOvwj RvwZ BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi mv`†kÅ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
mvÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbv fzGj ‰KvKvi nGq hvq| N. DóxcGKi ˆKvÁ·vwbi DGóGkÅ ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ewYÆZ BÕ¡ Bw´£qv
K. PveÆvK ˆK? 1 ˆKvÁ·vwbi DGókÅ ‰KB mƒGò Muv^v’@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
L. “ˆZvgvGZ iGqGQ mKj wKZve, mKj KvGji ævb’@ PiYwUGZ Kwe Kx êvSZ 11. nDK ˆm gnvævbx gnvabevb,
ˆPGqGQb? 2 Amxg ÞgZv Zvi AZzj mÁÃvb|
M. DóxcGKi ŠekvLx DrmGei mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi mv`†kÅ ev Šemv`†kÅ wbYÆq -------------------------
KGiv| 3 nDK exGi±`Ê ˆm ˆhb îvÕ¦g
N. ‘‰ w`Gb evOvwj RvwZ mvÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbv fzGj ‰KvKvi nGq hvq’@ DwÚwUi kZ kZ `vm Zvi ˆmeyK PiY
AvGjvGK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi gƒjfve AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 Ki‚K Õ¦veK`j Õ¦e msKxZÆb|
6. FZzivR emG¯¦ cÉK‡wZ ‰K bZzb mvGR mwäZ nq| kxGZi ÷Ó•Zv KvwUGq wK¯§ ˆh mvGawb Kfz R¯Ãf„wg wnZ,
cÉK‡wZ ZLb be ˆhŒeb jvf KGi| MvGQ MvGQ bZzb cvZv MRvq, dzGj dzGj fGi hvq Õ¼RvwZi ˆmev ˆh KGiwb wKwçr
AevwiZ gvV-NvU I evMvb| AvGgi gyKzj ˆgŒ ˆgŒ MG®¬ ZLb Pviw`K gyLwiZ nGq RvbvI ˆm bivaGg RvbvI mZ½i
IGV| ‰B FZzGZ weinxGì gb wcÉqRGbi mvw®²aÅ ˆLuvu GR| ZvGì K^v êwk êwk AZxe N†wYZ ˆm cvlí eeÆi|
gGb cGo| KviY, cÉK‡wZi mGã gvbe gGbi ‰KUv NwbÓ¤ mÁ·KÆ iGqGQ| cÉK‡wZi K. ivBmyj Rynvjvi cÉK‡Z bvg Kx? 1
ˆmŒ±`GhÆi cÉfve ZLb gvbe gGb cGo| Kwe-mvwnwZÅKMY ZLb bZzb bZzb mvwnZÅ L. “NGii ˆjvK Awek¼vmx nGj evBGii ˆjvGKi cGÞ meB mÁ¿e” ejGZ Kx
PPÆvq AvñwbGqvM Kivi AbyGcÉiYv jvf KGib| êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
K. gvGNi m®²Åvmx ˆKv^vq PGj wMGqGQ? 1 M. “DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi bevGei RbÅ cÉGhvRÅ bq”@
L. emG¯¦i AvMgb mGî½I Kwei bxie f„wgKv cvjGbi KviY Kx? 2 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
M. emG¯¦i mGã gvbe gGbi ‰KUv NwbÓ¤ mÁ·KÆ iGqGQ’@ DóxcGKi DwÚwU N. DóxcGKi ˆkl PiY ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cÉavb ˆmbvcwZGK wbG`Æk KGi
‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 3 wK? ˆZvgvi DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4
0 1 1
1. eywo ˆKb evievi ˆMvcvGji KvGQ ˆhGZb? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 22. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq ˆKvb dzGji DGÍÏL
K cqmv cvIqvi ˆjvGf K i I ii L i I iii AvGQ?
L ˆÕ²n-fvGjvevmvi UvGb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K Rev L ˆMvjvc M K‡úP„ov N cjvk
M wbtmãZv `ƒi KiGZ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 13 I 14 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 23 I 24 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i
N AwZw^civqY eGj Dîi `vI: Dîi `vI:
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 2 I 3 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: eZÆgvb weGk¼i AMÉMwZi PvKv wbfÆi KGi K‡lGKi Z^v ‰KvîGii gnvb gywÚhyG«¬ cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx
Pviw`GK wbweÆPvGi e†Þ wbab nGœQ| K‡wli AMÉhvòvi Ici| AvgvGì ˆ`Gk eÅvcK wbhÆvZb Pvjvq| AmsLÅ gvbyGli
2. DóxcGK ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi KxGmi wechÆq 13. DóxcGKi mGã ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉe®¬ KxfvGe evwoNi cywoGq ˆ`q| gv-êvbGì mÁÃvbnvwb KGi ‰es
cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ? mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvcK MYnZÅv Pvjvq|
K cÉK‡wZi L gvbyGli
K K‡wlRxexi `ytL ˆgvPGb
23. nvbv`vi evwnbxi AZÅvPvi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
M mfÅZvi N gvbweKZvi
L K‡wlRxexi AeÕ©v cÉZÅÞKiGY
bvUGKi ˆKvb NUbvi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?
3. DÚ wechÆq iÞv KiGZ cÉGqvRb gvbyGli@ K KzwVi mvGneGì wbhÆvZb
M K‡wlRxexi ài‚Z½ AbyaveGb
i. D`viZv L BsGiRGì cÉRv cxob
N K‡wlRxexi bÅvhÅZv cÉvwµ¦GZ
ii. D`vmxbZv M wmivRDGóŒjvi eeÆiZv
14. DÚ mv`†GkÅi wfwîGZ cÉe®¬wUi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ welq@
iii. msGe`bkxjZv N wgiRvdGii KzwUjZv
i. K‡wlKvGRi cÉwZ ài‚Z½vGivc
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 24. ‰i…c mv`†GkÅi A¯¦wbÆwnZ KviY@
ii. K‡lKGK `vwqZ½kxjKiY
K i I ii L i I iii i. KzwVqvj BsGiR KZ‡ÆK wbixn cÉRvGì Ici
iii. K‡lGKi AeÕ©vi D®²qb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii AZÅvPvi
4. Avmi RgvGZ Aw«¼Zxq ˆK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? ii. jeY weGKÌZvi evwoNi R¾vwjGq ˆÌqv
K Abycg L KjÅvYx K i I ii L i I iii iii. bevGei A^Æ Avñmvr Kiv
M weby `v`v N nwik M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
5. bƒij`xb ‰Kw`b Kvj cƒwYÆgvq WvK ˆ`Ge ˆKb? 15. hyÚivGRÅi AÝGdvWÆ wek¼we`Åvjq cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq K i I ii L i I iii
K msMwVZ nGZ L hy«¬ KiGZ ˆKvb kZGK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M msMÉvg KiGZ N BwZnvm ejGZ K AvVvGiv L ˆlvGjv 25. ‘Š`wbK cvwKÕ¦vb’ cwòKvwU cieZÆxKvGj Kx bvGg
6. ‘H `ytLRbK ˆ`bv ˆkva Kiv cÉGqvRb|’@ M evGiv N cGbGiv cÉKvwkZ nq?
gvwZj`vi ‰gb fvebv KxGmi cwiPvqK? 16. Šmq` IqvjxDÍÏvn&i meÆGkl KgÆÕ©j ˆKv^vq wQj? K Š`wbK evsjv L Š`wbK gwbÆs ‰R
K D`viZv L eÅwÚZ½ K KivwP L j´£b M Š`wbK BGîdvK N Š`wbK msev`
M gnî½ N fxi‚Zv M RvgÆvwb N cÅvwim 26. ‘weËwUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb, ‰ eo
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 7 I 8 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 17. ‘gvRviwU Zvi kwÚi gƒj’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv jävi K^v’@ DwÚwU Kvi?
ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv `wÞY AvwdÌKvi RbMGYi RbÅ Avg†ZzÅ nGqGQ? K njIGqj L DwgPuv`
jovB KGiGQb| `xNÆ 27 eQi KviveiY KGiI ˆkvlK- K wek¼vm L AvbyMZÅ M ˆKÑUb N Iqvwj Lvb
ŠÕ¼ikvmGKi mGã Avcm KGibwb| M fxwZ N AbyivM 27. AwZ m¯¦cÆGY avGbi duvGK duvGK Zviv ˆbŒKv
7. DóxcKwU ˆZvgvi cvVÅ ˆKvb iPbvi mvG^ wgj wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 18 I 19 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Pvjvq ˆKb?
iGqGQ? Dîi `vI: K gvGQi DcwÕ©wZ Ûi ˆcGq
K ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969 Avevi Avwme wdGi avbwmuwowUi ZxGi ‰B evsjvq| L `Þ wkKvwi eGj
L evqv®²i w`bàGjv 18. DóxcGKi mGã ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ M kõ KiGj gvQ cvjvq eGj
M îBbGKvU KweZvi Šemv`†kÅ nGjv@ N mZKÆZvi gvi ˆbB eGj
N bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq i. kõ cÉGqvGM 28. ˆgNbvGì gGi ˆhGZ BGœQ KGi ˆKb?
8. ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv I eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb ii. Q±` eÅenvGi
K wcZvi AvPiGY L webv AGÕ¨ hy«¬ Kivq
ˆKvb w`K ˆ^GK mgv^ÆK? iii. wPòKÍ¸ eÅenvGi
M jßGYi K^v ÷Gb N wefxlGYi K^v ÷Gb
i. KvivGfvGM
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 29 I 30 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i
ii. cÉwZevG` Dîi `vI:
K i I ii L i I iii
iii. ˆ`kGcÉGg mGKÌwUm wQGjb wek¼LÅvZ `vkÆwbK| Zuvi cÉPvwiZ
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? ‘wbGRGK RvGbv’ eÚeÅwU mviv weGk¼ AvGjvob ZzGjGQ|
19. Šemv`†kÅ ^vKGjI DfGqi ˆhvMmƒò ˆKvbwU?
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Zuvi Avcb mîvGK ˆPbvi `kÆb AvRI Agwjb|
K HwZnÅ wbgÆvGY L AvñÕ¼xKvGivwÚGZ
9. Õ¼Í¸cÉvY, Õ©ƒjeyw«¬ I Rei`wÕ¦wcÉq gvbyGl ˆKvbwU 29. DóxcGKi ‘wbGRGK RvGbv’ eÚeÅwUi mGã
M RxeGbi cÉKvGk N MfxiZv mçvGi
cwicƒYÆ? ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ w`K ˆKvbwU?
K RMr L mgvR M msmvi N ˆ`k 20. ‘mÁÃvGbi wPiwbeÆvmb’ K^vwUi MfxGi ˆKvb K Avcb n†`Gqi Ici wbfÆi Kiv
10. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MÍ¸wU cÉ^g cÉKvwkZ nq ˆKvb cwòKvq? welqwU wbwnZ? L wbGRi AãcÉZÅãGK ˆPbv
K mgKvj L cƒeÆvkv K AvñcÉmv` L Avñ`nb M wbGRi gGbi `xbZv kbvÚ Kiv
M mgvPvi `cÆY N fviZx M AvñZzwÓ¡ N Avñ«¼±«¼ N Õ¼xq gGbi «¼viv ZvwoZ nIqv
11. KgjvKvG¯¦i fvebvq ˆK Avwdg wfÞv KiGZ 21. Kwe myKv¯¦ fëvPvGhÆi R¯Ã ˆKvb ˆRjvq? 30. IcGii mv`†kÅævcK w`KwU wbGPi ˆh PiGYi
‰GmGQ? K ˆMvcvjMé L ewikvj mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ Zv nGjv@
K ˆbGcvwjqb L wePviK M eËvþYevwoqv N KzwoMÉvg i. ‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eo ˆKvGbv gw±ì-Kvev bvB
M gvRÆvi N IGqwjsUb we.`Ë.: cÉk²wU ò‚wUcƒYÆ ‰es cvVÅeB ewnf„ÆZ| mwVK ii. ‰B n†`qB ˆm bxjvPj, Kvkx, g^yiv, e†±`veb
12. fzGji gGaÅ mZÅGK cvIqvi Dcvq nGjv@ Z^Å nGjv, myKv¯¦ fëvPvhÆ KjKvZvq R¯ÃMÉnY iii. ZÅvwRj ivRÅ gvbGei gnv-ê`bvi WvK ÷wb
i. fzj ˆ^GK wkÞv ˆbIqv KGib ‰es Zuvi ŠcZ‡K wbevm ˆMvcvjMé wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
ii. webqx nIqv (ZrKvjxb dwi`cyi) ˆRjvi ˆKvUvwjcvovq| K i I ii L i I iii
iii. AvñmGPZb nIqv Z^Åmƒò: msm` evOvwj Pwiòvwfavb, msÕ•iY-2002| M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1 L 2 K 3 L 4 N 5 M 6 L 7 L 8 N 9 M 10 L 11 N 12 L 13 M 14 L 15 M
Dîi
16 N 17 K 18 N 19 M 20 L 21 @ 22 M 23 L 24 K 25 K 26 L 27 M 28 N 29 K 30 K

K wefvM  M`Å M. DóxcGKi WvÚvGii mnKvixi ‘`yeÆÅenvi’-‰i mGã ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi
1. ˆkl chÆ¯¦ ‰K K‡lRxex cwievGiB weGq nq Qwe ivYxi| Õ¼vgx abcwZi ‰KwU D®²Z ‘ˆ`vKvGb ˆKb ‰ ìKlvKwl’ PiGYi fveMZ mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
RvGZi Mvwf AvGQ; Mvwfi ‰KwU ˆQvë evQyi AvGQ| ˆmB evQyiGK gvZ‡`y™¬ ˆ^GK ewçZ N. “DóxcGKi wPwKrmK ‰es ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi Kwe DfGqB gvbeZvevGì gƒ^Æ
KGi `yB êjv Mvwfi meUzKz `ya ˆ`vnb KGi ˆbq abcwZ| evQyiGK ˆRvicƒeÆK AvUGK cÉZxK”@ DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
îGL Õ¼vgxGK mnvqZv KGi Qwe ivYx| Mvwf ˆhb mvgvbÅ `yaI evQyGii RbÅ ivLGZ bv 7. LÅvwZgvb mgvRweævbx W. mvgv` Zi‚Y wkÞv^ÆxGì DGóGkÅ eGjb, ‘Qvµ¸v®²
cvGi, ˆmw`GK Kov bRi ZvGì| K’w`b AvGM Qwe ivYxi ˆKvj RyGo AvGm beRvZ nvRvi eMÆgvBGji ‰ evsjvG`Gki BwZnvm ˆkvlY Avi eçbvi| K‡wlB wQj AvgvGì
dzUdzGU ‰K wk÷ m¯¦vb| ‰B wk÷ hLb Þzavq Kv®²v KGi, Qwe ivYx ZLb cwievGii me cƒeÆcyi‚lGì cÉavb AejÁ¼b Avi wQj g†rwkÍ¸, ZuvZ wkÍ¸, grmRxexZv| AvgvGì
KvR ˆdGj cig ggZvq m¯¦vbGK gvZ‡`y™¬`vGb Z‡µ¦ KGi| ‰Kw`b Zvi wk÷ m¯¦vbGK cƒeÆcyi‚lGì ev ZvGì ˆckvi cÉwZ AkÉ«¬v ˆ`wLGq RvwZ wnGmGe Avgiv D®²wZ KiGZ
gvZ‡`y™¬`vGb cwiZ‡µ¦ KiGZ wMGq ˆm Abyfe KGi, gvZ‡`y™¬-ewçZ îGL Kx wbgÆg AvPiY cvie bv| weG`wk ˆkvlGYi wbgÆg AZÅvPvi mnÅ KGi AvgvGì cƒeÆcÉR¯Ã AvgvGì RbÅ
KGi hvGœQ Zviv Mvwfi Amnvq evQyGii Ici| Zvici ˆ^GK ˆm Õ¼vgxGK ‰B KvGR Avi eZÆgvGbi ˆh wfZ ŠZwi KGiwQGjb, ZvB-B AvgvGì wkÍ¸ mvwnGZÅi ˆgŒwjK ˆcÉiYv|’
mnvqZv KGi bv| K. wRn»vq DœPvwiZ cÉwZwU mZÅ kõ Kx? 1
K. ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬ `ya `ywnqvGQ ˆK? 1 L. “Zvi wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
L. “ZvnvGì i…Gci QUv ˆ`wLqv, AGbK gvRÆvi Kwe nBqv cGo’@ Kvi, ˆKb? 2 M. DóxcGKi weG`wk ˆkvlGKi AZÅvPvi ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi ˆKvb
M. DóxcGKi Qwe ivYx ˆKvb w`K w`Gq KgjvKvG¯¦i mGã Zzjbxq? 3 cÉmãGK gGb KwiGq ˆ`q? ˆKb? 3
N. DóxcGK wee†Z ‘wbgÆg AvPiY’ AwaKvi niGYiB bvgv¯¦i@ DóxcK I ‘weovj’ N. “DóxcGKi W. mvgv` ‰es ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi Kwe ŠPZbÅMZ
iPbvi AvGjvGK weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 w`K ˆ^GK Awf®²”@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4
2. wbSzg Avi Anbv ciÕ·iGK MfxifvGe fvGjvfvGm| Zviv weevn e®¬Gb Ave«¬ M wefvM  DcbÅvm
nGZ Pvq| wK¯§ wbSzGgi cwievi ˆmUv ˆgGb ˆbq bv| KviY, wbSzg wkwÞZ ‰es abx 8. ivGnjvi gv Qvov msmvGi Avi ˆKD ˆbB| mvgvbÅ covGjLv wkGLGQ ˆm| Avw^ÆK
cwievGii ‰Kgvò m¯¦vb| Aciw`GK, Anbvi cwievi AZÅ¯¦ `wi`Ë| wbSzg cwievGii AeÕ©vi KviGY Zvi gv evaÅ nGqB ‰K eqÕ• ˆjvGKi mvG^ ivGnjvi weGq ˆ`q| Õ¼vgxi
mÁÃwZGZ AbÅò weGq KGi ‰es ‰Kmgq AnbvGK fzGj hvq| Anbvi w`b KvGU KGÓ¡i evwo wMGq ˆ`GL, ˆmLvGb Zvi Õ¼vgxi AvGiv ‰KwU eD iGqGQ| ivGnjvi fvMÅB Lvivc|
mgyG`Ë| KviY, mwZÅKvGii fvGjvevmv KLGbv gGi bv| eo eD ivGnjvGK ˆgvGUB mnÅ KiGZ cvGi bv| mvivw`b LvUvq, wVKgGZv ˆLGZ-ciGZ
K. weevn fvOvi ci nGZ KjÅvYx ˆKvb eËZ MÉnY KGiGQ? 1 ˆ`q bv| ivGnjvi wei‚G«¬ Õ¼vgxi Kvb fvixi KGi| ivGnjv ‰Kw`b AvweÓ•vi Kij Zvi
L. ‘Avgvi fvGMÅ cÉRvcwZi mGã cçkGii ˆKvb weGiva bvB’@ evKÅwUi ZvrchÆ Kx?2 Õ¼vgx ewmi wgqv ˆPvivKvievGii mvG^ hyÚ| NGi A‹ea wRwbmcò ivGL| Avi gaÅivGZ
M. DóxcGKi wbSzGgi mGã ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AbycGgi Kx Šemv`†kÅ iGqGQ ˆjGLv| 3 Zvi `Gji AbÅGì mvG^ ‰me wRwbmcò cvPvi KGi| ivGnjv ‰me ˆ`GL fq ˆcGq
N. DóxcKwU ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Abycg-KjÅvYxi RxeGbi wecixZ cÉwZœQwe@ hvq| ˆm cÉwZev` KGi, wewbgGq jvw^ SuvUv Lvq| ‰Kw`b cywjk AvGm NGi| ivGnjv
gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 cywjGki KvGQ mgÕ¦ ˆMvcb Z^Å duvm KGi ˆ`q| ewmi wgqvi gyGLvk LyGj hvq|
3. eKzj hLb Õ¼vgxnviv nq ZLb Zvi ˆgGq cvi‚Gji eqm `yB eQi| ‰Kw`GK A^ÆKÓ¡, K. ‘üoKv’@ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
Aciw`GK e`GjvGKi Kz`†wÓ¡| ˆjvGKi evwoGZ wSGqi KvR KGi, ˆLGq bv ˆLGq L. ‘AvR ˆmLvGb wbGfÆRvj wbÓ¤iz wnsmÉZv’@ ‰i A^Æ eywSGq `vI| 2
ˆgGqUvGK eo KGi eKzj| ‰Kmgq ˆgGqi weGqI ˆ`q| wK¯§ eQi bv NyiGZB AZÅvPvix M. DóxcGKi ewmi wgqvi eo eDGqi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi iwngv PwiGòi
Õ¼vgxi mvG^ mÁ·KÆ ˆQa KGi gvGqi KvGQ wdGi AvGm cvi‚j| mÁÃvGbi mvG^ êuGP ^vKvi Zzjbv KGiv| 3
RbÅ ˆgGq cvi‚j nq eKzGji AejÁ¼b| gvGqi Rxeb-msMÉvg ˆ`GL eo nIqv cvi‚j gvGqi N. “DóxcGKi ivGnjv ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Rwgjvi RxebwPò ‰K myZvq
ˆPGq mvnmx ‰es AvñghÆv`vkxj| evwoi cvGk kvK-mewR Pvl KGi, NGi nuvm-gyiwM Muv^v”@ g¯¦eÅwU h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4
cvjb KGi, avb ˆfGb, Kuv^v ˆmjvB KGi Õ¼vejÁ¼x nIqvi ˆPÓ¡v KGi gv I ˆgGq| ˆh 9. K`g Avwj ‰Kmgq ‘gvwÎŸcvicvm RbKjÅvY dvDG´£kb’ bvGg ‰KwU cÉwZÓ¤vb MGo
ˆKvGbv A÷f kwÚi wei‚G«¬ Rxeb ewj ivLvi `†p cÉZÅq eKzj I cvi‚Gji Pvj PjGb| ˆZvGj| PUK`vi weævcb Avi ˆjvfvZzi cÉPviYvq AÍ¸ mgGq ˆm mKGji `†wÓ¡ AvKlÆY
K. gvwbK eG±`ÅvcvaÅvGqi wcZ‡cÉ`î bvg Kx? 1 KGi| AwaK gybvdv jvGfj Avkvq ‰jvKvi AwkwÞZ-AÍ¸wkwÞZ ˆLGU LvIqv gvbyl Zvi
L. “wbGRGK Zvi QuÅvPov, ˆbvsiv, b`Ægvi gGZv jvGM”@ Kvi, ˆKb? 2 cÉwZÓ¤vGb A^Æjw™² KiGZ ^vGK eQGii ci eQi hvq; wK¯§ RgvKvixiv jvGfi gyL ˆ`GL bv|
M. DóxcGKi cvi‚Gji mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i AvnÐvwì PvwiwòK ŠewkGÓ¡Åi ŠecixZÅ wbKU AZxGZ K`g Avwji Avw^ÆK AeÕ©v fvGjv bv ^vKGjI ‰Lb ˆm cÉPzi ab-mÁ·Gì
ˆ`LvI| 3 gvwjK| ‰jvKvi ‰K wkwÞZ Zi‚Y mvMi ‰K hyM ci MÉvGg ‰Gm ˆ`GL K`g Avwj mnR-
N. “DóxcKwU AwaKvsk ˆÞGò ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i eÚeÅ aviY KGi@ ˆZvgvi mij gvbylGK KxfvGe cÉZvwiZ KGi hvGœQ| ˆm ˆ`wi bv KGi ‰jvKvi D`xqgvb Zi‚YGì
gZvgZ `vI| 4 mymsMwVZ KGi K`g Avwji cÉPviYv welqwU cÉkvmGbi bRGi AvGb| cÉkvmb Z`¯¦
4. wek¼Kwe iex±`Êbv^ VvKzGii ‘elÆvhvcb’ KweZvq evsjv ˆQvUMGÍ¸i MVb-cÉK‡wZ mvGcGÞ UvKv Avñmvr I cÉZviYvi `vGq’ K`g AvwjGK ˆRj nvRGZ ˆcÉiY KGi|
K. gwZMGéi moKUv w`Gq `Gj-`Gj ˆjvK ˆKvbw`GK PjGQ? 1
mÁ¼G®¬ cvIqv hvq@ L. “iwngvi AjGÞÅ QvwcGq IGVv AkÉ‚i mGã KZÞY jovB KGi Rwgjv Zvici
“ˆQvGUvcÉvY ˆQvGUveÅ^v ˆQvGUv ˆQvGUv `ytL K^v ˆKuG` ˆdGj”@ Zvi ‰B Kv®²vi Kvib Kx? 2
wbZv¯¦B mnR mij, M. DóxcGKi mvMGii mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
mnmÉ weÕÃ†wZ ivwk cÉZÅn ˆhGZGQ fvwm N. “DóxcGKi K`g Avwj I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` ‰KB gy`Ëvi ‰wcV-
Zvwi `y’PvwiwU AkÉ‚Rj| IwcV|”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
bvwn eYÆbvi QUv NUbvi NbNUv N wefvM  bvUK
bvwn Zî½ bvwn DcG`k 10. ˆkvbv hvq, wZÕ¦vcvGo ‰Lb Avi dmwj Rwg ˆbB| ‰K ˆkÉwYi Amvay
A¯¦Gi AZ‡wµ¦ iGe mvã Kwi gGb nGe
ˆkl nGq nBj bv ˆkl|” eÅemvqx RwgGZ ˆgwkb ewmGq DGîvjb KGi wbGœQ f„MfÆÕ© cvî| ‰B AçGj
ˆQvGUvMGÍ¸i ‰gb PgrKvi msæv Avi ˆKD ˆ`bwb| dmGji Zzjbvq cv^Gii gƒjÅ êwk| w`Gb w`Gb ˆgwkGbi msLÅv e†w«¬ cvIqvq
K. gw¯¨mfvi me m`GmÅi gv`vg ˆjvBGmGji msæv ˆKvb b†ZÅ KiGZ BGœQ nwœQj?1 cwiGeGki Dci ˆbwZevPK cÉfve coGQ| ‰jvKvi mGPZb RbGMvÓ¤x ˆ`Gki Õ¼vG^Æ
L. gv`vg ˆjvBGmj `wi`Ë RxeGbi fqvenZv KxfvGe eySGZ cvGi? 2 ‰GZ evav w`Gj Zviv mvgwqKfvGe cvî DGîvjb-e«¬ ivGL| wK¯§ mswkÏÓ¡
M. DóxcGKi ‘bvwn Zî½ bvwn DcG`k’ ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸ KxfvGe cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ?3 g¯¨ YvjGqi wZbwU ˆgwkb emvGbvi AbygwZ wbGq evÕ¦Ge wZbkZ ˆgwkb ewmGq Avevi
N. “DóxcGKi ewYÆZ ˆQvUMGÍ¸i ŠewkÓ¡Å ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸ ˆKv^vI wewN³Z nqwb’@ cvî DGîvjb KGi hvGœQ eÅemvqxiv| ‰GZ ˆhgb eÅvnZ nGœQ Lv`Å Drcv`b,
g¯¦eÅwU mÁ·GKÆ ˆZvgvi AwfgZ hywÚmnKvGi ZzGj aGiv| 4 ˆZgwb bÓ¡ nGœQ cwiGeGki fvimvgÅ| eÅemvqxGì ZvGZ wKQy hvq-AvGm bv, AwaK
gybvdv ARÆbB ˆhb ZvGì jÞÅ| ‰fvGe PjGZ ^vKGj ‰Kw`b nqGZv ˆkvbv hvGe,
L wefvM  c`Å gvwUi wbGP ZwjGq ˆMGQ wZÕ¦vcvGoi wekvj Rbc`|
5. evevi eÅemvq `yw`Æb ˆ`Lv w`Gj eo ˆQGj evevi eÅemvwqK cÉwZcGÞGi mvG^ K. ˆgvnbjvGji Z^Å gGZ, beve wmivRDGóŒjvi ŠmbÅ msLÅv KZ ? 1
nvZ ˆgjvq fwelÅGZi Avkvq| ˆQvU ˆQGj evevi eÅemvwqK `yw`Æb KvUvGbvi ˆPÓ¡vi L. NGmwU êMg beve wmivRDGóŒjvGK AwfmÁ·vZ KiGjb ˆKb? 2
AskwnGmGe eo fvBGK evevi cvGk ^vKvi AbyGiva KGi, wK¯§ eo ˆQGji AwfGhvM@ M. DóxcGKi mGPZb RbGMvÓ¤x ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½
evevi ‰KàuGq gGbvfve Avi fzj wm«¬vG¯¦i KviGY cvwievwiK eÅemv WzeGZ eGmGQ| KGi? KxfvGe? 3
Zuvi eÅ^ÆZvi `vqfvi Avwg ˆbe ˆKb? eo fvBGqi mg^Æb bv ˆcGq myw`b wdwiGq N. “ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DóxcGKi Amvay eÅemvqx Avi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
AvbGZ ‰Kv msMÉvg PvwjGq hvq ˆQvU ˆQGj| BsGiR êwbqvGì Pwiò Awf®²”@ ‰B welGq ˆZvgvi AwfgZ AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
K. evmeòvm ˆK? 1 11. Agi I mgi A¯¦iã e®¬y| ‰K`v Zviv ‰K eGbi wfZi w`Gq hvwœQj|
L. “jâvi Kjâ AvwR fwée AvnGe”@ «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 Zviv cÉwZæv KGiGQ cG^ ˆKvGbv wecG` ˆKD KvDGK ˆQGo hvGe bv| eGbi
M. DóxcGKi ˆQvU ˆQGj ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi ˆKvb PwiGòi Abyi…c? KxfvGe? 3 gvSvgvwS AvmGZB Zviv ‰K wnsmÉ fvjyGKi AvKÌgGYi wkKvi nGjv| Agi e®¬yi
N. “DóxcGKi eo ˆQGj ‰es wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi wefxlGYi AvPiY K^v bv ˆfGe wbGRi cÉvY euvPvGZ ‰KwU e†GÞi Dci DGV ˆMj; wK¯§ mgi MvGQ
wf®² DGókÅcÉmƒZ”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGePbv KGiv| 4 DVGZ cvGi bv| Dcvq bv ˆ`GL ˆm g†Z gvbyGli gGZv gvwUGZ ÷Gq coj| wnsmÉ
6. ˆRjv knGii miKvwi nvmcvZvGj `Þ wPwKrmK WvÚvi ügvqyb| abx-Mwie fvjyKwU ˆ`ŒGo ‰Gm mgGii ˆ`nwUGK AGbKÞY wbixÞY KGi AeGkGl g†ZG`n
wbweÆGkGl îvMxGì wZwb cig hGð ˆmev w`Gq hvGœQb| ‰Kw`b hgybv bvGg ‰K ˆfGe PGj ˆMj| wec`gyÚ ˆfGe Agi ‰evi e†Þ ˆ^GK bvgj Avi e®¬y mgGii KvGQ
Amnvq e†«¬v UvKvi AfvGe nvmcvZvGii wUGKU bv ˆKGU WvÚvGii ˆPÁ¼vGi XzGK RvbGZ PvBj, fvjyK Zvi KvGK KvGb Kx eGj ˆMGQ? mgi MÁ¿xi Õ¼Gi Dîi w`j@
coGj WvÚvGii mnKvix `yeÆÅenvi KGi ZvGK nvmcvZvj ˆ^GK êi KGi w`GZ Pvq| ‘aƒZÆ I cÉwZæv fãKvixiv wPiKvjB kò‚ nq, e®¬y nq bv, ‰B K^vB eGjGQ|’
WvÚvi ügvqyb hgybvGK ˆWGK Zvi K^v ˆkvbb ‰es webvgƒGjÅ wPwKrmvi eÅeÕ©v K. beve wmivRDGóŒjvi cƒYÆ bvg Kx? 1
KGib| cGi mnKvixGK ˆWGK eGjGQb, “Amnvq gvbyGli ˆmev Kiv gvbeZvi KvR| L. “Ii KvGQ me wKQyB ˆhb eo iGKig RyGqv ˆLjv’@ Kvi KvGQ, ˆKb? 2
mKj gvbyl Avgvi KvGQ mgvb|” M. DóxcGKi mgi Pwiò ˆKvb weGePbvq wmivRDGóŒjv PwiGòi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 3
K. KvRx bRi‚j Bmjvg KZ mvGj R¯ÃMÉnY KGib? 1 N. ‘aƒZÆ I cÉwZæv fãKvixiv wPiKvjB kò‚ nq, e®¬y nq bv,’@ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
L. ‘gvbGei gnv-ê`bvi WvK’ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? 2 bvUGK I DóxcGKi ‰B eÚGeÅi mZÅZv LuyGR cvIqv hvq@ wePvi KGiv| 4
1. ‘ˆ`Dj’ kGõi mgv^ÆK kõ ˆKvbwU? 11. DóxcGKi Avõyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbxi mvG^ 20. DóxcKwUGZ dzGU IVv fvGei mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ
K gw±ì L evwo M ˆèZv N gZÆÅ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvsGki ˆKvb PiY ˆKvbwU?
2. ÷wbGZ cvB kZ ermi cƒGeÆ fviZevmx PwiGòi wgj ˆ`Lv hvq? K Zuvi KiZGj cwjgvwUi ˆmŒif wQj
AmfÅ wQj| K ˆjLK eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb L Zuvi wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj
K ‰K L ˆò M `yB N wZb L bƒi‚j Avwgb M mkÕ¨ my±`Gii AwbevhÆ AfzÅïvb KweZv
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 3 I 4 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: M L±`Kvi ˆgvÕ¦vK Avng` N KviY wZwb KÌxZ`vm wQGjb
÷bn gvbyl fvB N gIjvbv Ave`yi ikx` ZKÆevMxk 21. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ Kx dzGU DGVGQ?
mevi Dci gvbyl mZÅ 12. ‰i…c mv`†GkÅi A¯¦wbÆwnZ KviY@ K ˆ`kGcÉg L mGZÅi Õ¼i…c
Zvnvi DcGi bvB i. Avcmnxb gGbvfve M wg^Åvi cÉeçbv N ZÅvGMi gwngv
3. DóxcKwUGZ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb fvewU ii. Abkb «¼viv `vwe Av`vq 22. LvGjK eÅvcvixi cÉ^g Õ¨xi bvg Kx?
cÉKU nGq DGVGQ? iii. DGókÅ evÕ¦evqb K iwngv L Rwgjv M AvGgbv N Zvbywewe
K gvben†`Gqi ài‚Z½ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 23. bxie fvlvq e†Þ AvgvGì KxGmi Mvb ˆkvbvq?
L gvbyGli ÞgZvi cÉvavbÅ K i I ii L i I iii K mvGgÅi L kvw¯¦i
M gvbGei mngwgÆZv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M mv^ÆKZvi N cÉxwZi
N weGeGKi Zvobv 13. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi gƒj 24. ‘ˆKb evev, cqmv ˆKb?’ eywoi ‰ eÚGeÅ ˆKvb
4. DchÆyÚ fve cÉKvkK PiY nGjv@ DcRxeÅ welq evsjvi@ welqwU dzGU DGVGQ?
K ˆhLvGb Avwmqv ‰K nGq ˆMGQ me evav-eÅeavb K b`b`xi ˆmŒ±`hÆ L cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ K f`ËZv L ˆÕ²n-fvGjvevmv
L ˆhLvGb wgGkGQ wn±`y-êŒ«¬-gymwjg-wKÌøvb M mgvReÅeÕ©v N ˆMŒie Mv^v M ˆmŒRbÅGeva N mÁÀgGeva
M ‰BLvGb ‰Gm jyUvBqv cGo mKj ivRgyKzU wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 14 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 25 I 26 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i
N ‰BLvGb ewm MvwnGjb wZwb ˆKvivGbi mvg- AvgvGì gywÚhyG«¬ cvwKÕ¦vb nvbv`vi evwnbx RbMGYi Dîi `vI:
Mvb! Ici eÅvcK wbhÆvZb Pvjvq| evwoNi cywoGq ˆ`q, gv- ‘Pvi mZxGbi Ni’ PjwœPGò ˆ`GLwQjvg bvqK ‰KRb
5. gv`vg ˆjvBGmGji kvixwiK AeÕ©vi cZb NUvi êvbGì mÁÀgnvwb KGi ‰es eÅvcK nZÅvhæ Pvjvq| abvXÅ eÅwÚ| Zvi NGi wZb Õ¨x| A^P ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb
gƒj KviY@ 14. DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb ˆbB| ZvB m¯¦vGbi Avkvq bvqK AveviI kvebƒiGK
K kvixwiK `yeÆjZv L KGVvi cwikÉg w`KwUGK aviY KGi? PZz^Æ Õ¨x wnGmGe NGi AvGb|
M cÉwZwnsmv N DœPvwfjvl K beve evwnbxi KgÆKví 25. DóxcGKi bvqK ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb
6. ‘UvIqvi Ae j´£b’ ˆKvb b`xi ZxGi AewÕ©Z? L wgiRvdGii KzwUjZv PwiGòi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?
K wmb L UvBwMÉm M NGmwU êMGgi KzwUjZv K ajv wgqv L LvGjK eÅvcvix
M Ûgm N BDGdÌwUm N BsGiRGì eeÆiZv M gwR` N ˆgv`vGe»i wgqv
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 7 I 8 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 15. ‘KzGnjx’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 26. DóxcGKi bvqGKi ‰i…c mv`†GkÅi KviY
wmay I Kvby wQj muvIZvj weG`ËvGni AbÅZg K Kzqvkv L Pvì M Dîixq N m®²Åvm DfGqiB@
ˆbZ‡Z½`vbKvix| Zviv mkÕ¨ msMÉvGg AvñvüwZ `vb KGib| 16. “weËwUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb ‰ eo i. m¯¦vbjvf AvKv›Þv ii. eü Õ¨x MÉnY
7. DóxcKwUi mvG^ ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb KweZvi jävi K^v”@ DwÚwU ˆK KGiGQb? iii. agÆ eÅemv
mv`†kÅ ev wgj iGqGQ? K wgiRvdi L RMrGkV wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K ˆmB AÕ¨ M ivq`yjÆf N DwgPuv` Ki L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii
L Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 17 I 18 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i 27. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq jÞYxq welq@
M bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq Dîi `vI: i. AvG±`vjb-msMÉvGg evOvwji ˆPZbvGeva
N iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ© evsjvG`Gki AGbK cwievi ˆhŒZzGKi RbÅ cyòeaƒGK ii. AvG±`vjb I msMÉvGg evOvwji ˆPZbvi RvMiY
8. DÚ wgj cÉhyÚ nGqGQ iPbvsGki@ wbhÆvZb KGi| ‰gbB wbhÆvZGbi wkKvi ggZv| ggZv iii. RxeGbi ZvrcGhÆi `vkÆwbK DG¯ÃvPb
i. bvgKiGY ii. cUf„wgGZ Zvi Õ¼vgx I Õ¼vgxi cwievGii mKjGK êvSvGbvi ˆPÓ¡v wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
iii. welq fvebvq KGi wK¯§ Õ¼vgxi cwievGii ˆjvKRb ˆZv `ƒGii K^v K i I ii L i I iii
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? Zvi Õ¼vgxB wKQy eySGZ Pvq bv| ZvB ggZv evaÅ nGq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K i I ii L i I iii Õ¼vgx-msmvi ZÅvM KGi miKvwi cÉv^wgK we`ÅvjGq 28. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUGii’ iPbvq mvc Kx aiGbi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wkÞK wnGmGe PvKzwi MÉnY KGi| cÉvYx wnGmGe DwÍÏwLZ?
9. Kwe Avnmvb nvexGei R¯ÃÕ©vb@ 17. DóxcGKi ggZv ˆZvgvi cwVZ ˆKvb PwiGòi K Õ¦bÅcvqx L mixm†c
K ewikvj L wcGivRcyi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? M RjPi N DfPi
M KjKvZv N XvKv K gvwm L wcwm M KjÅvYx N AvnÐvw` 29. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±`
10. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvi gƒj cÉwZcv`Å 18. cÉwZwbwaGZ½i KviY@ ˆjLv?
welq Kx? i. cÉwZev`x gvbwmKZv ii. ˆckvMZ Rxeb K Õ¼ie†î L gvòve†î
K gvbeGcÉg L gvbeGPZbv iii. ŠeevwnK AeÕ©v M AwgòvÞi N Õ¼igvwòK
M RvZxq msMÉvgkxjZv N RvZxq HKÅ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 30. ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU cvV ˆkGl wkÞv^Æxiv RvbGZ
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 11 I 12 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii cviGe@
Dîi `vI: 19. wgig`Ævb wQGjb@ i. gywÚGhv«¬vi Õ¼i…c
gIjvbv Avõyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx ˆ`Gki gvbyGli RbÅ K bvixGjvjyc L cÉZviK ii. mvaviY eÅwÚi gywÚhyG«¬i ˆPZbv
AvG±`vjb KGib| AvG±`vjb msMÉvGgi ˆbZ‡GZ½ wZwb M ˆ`kGcÉwgK N ˆ`kG`Ëvnx iii. cvKevwnbxi eeÆiZv
wQGjb cyGivav, wbGew`ZcÉvY| wZwb KLGbv KvGiv KvGQ B`vbxs mÁÀv¯¦ cwieviàGjv M†nKgÆxi Ici AgvbweK wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
gv^v bZ KGibwb| cvkweK wbhÆvZb KGi ^vGK| K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1 K 2 L 3 K 4 L 5 L 6 M 7 M 8 M 9 L 10 M 11 K 12 L 13 L 14 N 15 K
Dîi
16 N 17 N 18 K 19 M 20 L 21 L 22 M 23 M 24 N 25 M 26 M 27 K 28 L 29 M 30 N

K wefvM  M`Å K. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU cÉ^g ˆKvb cwòKvq cÉKvwkZ nq? 1
1. KvGiv Ni fvGO SGo L. ‘cyÓ·kƒbÅ w`MG¯¦i cG^’@ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
KvGiv msmvi cyGo hvq ˆhŒZzGKi AvàGb| M. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwei nvnvKvGii `†kÅ ˆhb DóxcGK
ˆKD KGi nvq nvq, evc-gv KuvG` cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
ˆgGqGK weGq w`GZ nq-cGo ˆhŒZzGKi duvG`| N. “DóxcKwUi weinGe`bvi eYÆbvi mvG^ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi
KiGe bv weGq ˆmvbvwj wbGRGK KGi cYÅ Kwei gGbvGe`bvi cÉK‡wZNwbÓ¤ ˆh eYÆbv, Zvi mvG^ wgGji ˆPGq
‰Uv Zvi cY ˆmvbvwj RxeGbi RbÅ| AwgjB êwk”@ g¯¦eÅwU ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn hvPvB KGiv| 4
K. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KbÅvGK Kx w`Gq AvkxeÆv` Kiv nGqwQj? 1 7. Avgvi ˆ`Gki gZb ‰gb ˆ`k wK ˆKv^vI AvGQ
L. ‘wK¯§ fvMÅ Avgvi fvGjv, ‰B ˆZv Avwg RvqMv cvBqvwQ’@ eÚvi ‰gb eD K^v KI cvwL WvGK wbZÅ wnRj MvGQ||
Abyf„wZi KviY eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2 ˆ`vGqi ˆKvGqj KzUzg cvwL, eb-ev`vGo hvqGi WvwK
M. “DóxcGKi ‘ˆmvbvwj’ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiòGK BwãZ KGi? eYÆbv AvGQ kvcjv kvjyK wSGj weGj, cyKzi fiv gvGQ||
KGiv| 3 nvRvi Zvivi gvwbK R¾Gj ˆn^vq gvwUi NGi
N. “DóxcGK wbwnZ mvgvwRK KvVvGgv ‰es ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i mvgvwRK mevi gyGLi wgwÓ¡ K^vq mevi n†`q fGi î||
cUf„wg mv`†kÅhyÚ”@ ˆZvgvi hywÚmn g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB KGiv| 4 K. Kwe Rxebvb±` `vmGK ‘wbRÆbZg’ Kwe eGj AvLÅvwqZ KGiGQb ˆK? 1
2. ‘nvqGi wKlvY@ L. “‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ@ meGPGq my±ì Ki‚Y”@ cO&wÚwUi
ˆZvGìB kxYÆ ˆ`n ˆ`GL ˆgvi AkÉ‚ gvGb bv ggÆv^Æ eYÆbv KGiv| 2
eyjeywjGZ avb jyGU ˆbq, Zey ˆKb Nyg fvGO bv|| M. DóxcKwUi mvG^ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZv KZUzKz
ˆcŒl cveÆGY ˆMvjvi NGi, kƒbÅ ˆ`GL AkÉ‚ SGi
kÅvgj MuvGqi gyLiZv, ˆ^Gg ˆh hvq AbvnvGi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ eYÆbv KGiv| 3
‰iv wckvP Abvnvix, NGi NGi Þzavi Zvobv|| N. DóxcK I ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi AvGjvPÅ evsjvG`Gki
K. îvGKqv mvLvIqvZ ˆnvGmGbi ˆjLv ‰KwU M`Å MÉG¯©i bvg ˆjGLv| 1 cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`GhÆi eYÆbv `vI| 4
L. ‘AbyKiYwcÉqZv’ bvgK Avi ‰KUv f„Z ZvnvGì Õ•G®¬ Pvwcqv AvGQ”@ M wefvM  mncvV
cÉmãwUGZ ˆjwLKv ˆKvb welqàGjvi cÉwZ AvGjvKcvZ KGiQb? 2 (bvUK- wmivRDGóŒjv)
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i mv`†kÅ wbi‚cY KGiv| 3 8. Zzwg wK ˆ`GLGQv Kfz RxeGbi civRq
N. ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬ Pvlvi `vwi`ËÅ weowÁ¼Z Rxeb wPGòi cvGk Pvlvi `yÞz `ytGLi `nGb Ki‚Y îv`Gb wZGj wZGj Zvi Þq||
hvnvGZ `ƒi nq ‰gb eÚeÅI AvGQ@ hv DóxcGK ˆbB”@ eÚeÅwUi Avwg ˆh ˆ`GLwQ KZ ˆh Õ¼µ² gyKzGjB SGi hvq
mvG^ Zzwg Kx ‰KgZ? hywÚmn AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 ÷KGbv cvZvi ggÆi evGR KZ myi ê`bvq
3. weG`wk ˆmbvi Kvgvb eyGjGU we«¬ AvKvGk evZvGm wbÓ¹j-Avkv nvnvKvi nGq iq||
bvix wk÷ Avi hyeK-ˆRvqvb-e†«¬ K. wmivRDGóŒjvi gvGqi bvg Kx? 1
kò‚ ˆmbviv nZÅvi AwfhvGb L. “divwmiv WvKvZ Avi BsGiRiv AwZkq mäb eÅwÚ, ˆKgb?”@
gywÚevwnbx cÉwZGivGa DïvGb DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 2
gywÚi c^ hyG«¬I iq ˆRGb M. DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi KviY ggÆGe`bv cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ?
NvZK a»sm KGiGQ AÕ¨ ˆnGb| eywSGq ˆjGLv| 3
K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU KZ mvGj cÉKvwkZ nq? 1 N. “DóxcKwU wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvswkK fve aviY KGiGQ gvò”@
L. “ˆhb e†wÓ¡ coGQ wg´Ÿzi îBbGKvGUÆi Ici”@ evKÅwU eywSGq ˆjL| 2 gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGK ‘weG`wk ˆmbv’ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i KvGì mvG^ Zzjbxq? cvVÅMGÍ¸ 9. i‚by I Szby `y’êvb| i‚byi `yB m¯¦vb| Szbyi ˆKvGbv m¯¦vb ˆbB| ZvB
ZvGì ZrciZvi mvG^ DóxcGKi eYÆbvi wgjàGjv ZzGj aGiv| 3
N. “DóxcKwUi ‘gywÚevwnbx’i mvG^ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ gywÚhyG«¬i Szby i‚byi m¯¦vbGì gvZ‡GÕ²Gn eo KGi| wK¯§ ‰ ˆÕ²n êwkw`b Õ©vqx jvf
mcÞkwÚi eYÆbv AGbKUv mv`†kÅhyÚ nGjI Šemv`†kÅI iGqGQ”@ KGi bv| KviY i‚by-Szbyi evev Zuvi mgÕ¦ mÁ·wî i‚byi `yB m¯¦vbGK DBj
g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^Æ wbi…cY KGiv| 4 KGi ˆ`b| ‰GZ Szby gbtKÓ¡ wbGq eGj, AvGM RvbGj i‚byi m¯¦vbGì
4. ab-ið my‹Lk¼hÆ wKQyGZB myL bvB, ˆQvUGejvq ˆgGi ˆdjZvg|
myL ci-DcKvGi, Zvwi gvGS ˆLuvR fvB| K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KZwU Aâ iGqGQ? 1
‘AvwgZ½’GK ewj w`qv Õ¼v^Æ ZÅvM Ki hw`, L. ‘wfKUwi Ai ˆW^, wfKUwi Ai ˆW^’@ DwÚwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 2
cGii wnGZi RbÅ fve hw` wbiewa| M. DóxcGKi Szbyi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi wgj
wbR myL fzGj wMGq fvweGj cGii K^v, AvGQ? eywSGq ˆjGLv| 3
ZGeB cvBGe myL Avñvi wfZGi Zzwg| N. “DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvswkK wPò gvò”@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
K. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬ ‘ZGcveb ˆcÉwgK’ KvGK ejv nGqGQ? 1 DcbÅvm  jvjmvjy
L. “mvabvi eÅvcvGi cÉvwµ¦ ‰KUv eo wRwbm”@ eYÆbv KGiv| 2 10. eUZjx MÉvGgi AwaKvsk gvbyl AwkwÞZ, agÆv®¬ I KzsmsÕ•vivœQ®²| ˆmB
M. DóxcK ‰es ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i mv`†kÅ eYÆbv KGiv| 3 MÉvGgi ˆQGj gywbi KGjGR ˆjLvcov KGi| MÉvGgi AwkwÞZ gvbylGK wkwÞZ
N. ‘cGii wnGZi RbÅ fve hw` wbiewa’@ ‰ DwÚGZ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ KiGZ ˆm MÉvGg ‰KwU Šbkwe`Åvjq KiGZ Pvq| ‰ welGq MÉvGg mfv emGj,
cÉeG®¬i gƒjfve cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ@ DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 MÉvGgi gvZe»i ‰ cÉÕ¦vGe Lywk nGq gywbiGK mnGhvwMZv KiGZ Avk¼vm ˆ`b|
L wefvM  KweZv K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
5. ˆQvUGì eoGì mKGji, MixGei wbtGÕ¼i dwKGii L. “kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
Avgvi ˆ`k me gvbyGli, me gvbyGli|| M. DóxcGKi gywbi Pwiò ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi K^v gGb
ˆbB ˆf`vGf` ˆn^v Pvlv Avi PvgvGi, KwiGq ˆ`q? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
ˆbB ˆf`vGf` ˆn^v Kzwj Avi KvgvGi|| N. DóxcGKi gvZe»i ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gvZe»i PwiGòi wecixZ
wn±`y, gymwjg, êŒ«¬, wLËÓ¡vb, ˆ`kgvZv ‰K mKGji| f„wgKv cvjb KGiGQ@ ˆZvgvi hywÚmn DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
K. ‘ˆ`Dj’ A^Æ Kx? 1 11. AvGUvqvix ^vbvi ‘evi AvDwjqv’ bvgK Õ©vGb evGivwU gvRvi AvGQ|
L. ‘‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eo ˆKvGbv gw±ì Kvev bvB’@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
M. DóxcKwU ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb w`KwUi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ˆmLvGb ŠekvL gvGmi ˆkl e†nÕ·wZeviGK ˆK±`Ê KGi MGo IGV eÅemv
N. “DóxcKwU ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ nGjI ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq evwYRÅ| bvbviKg eÅemvi gvGS wKQy Amvay eÅwÚ agÆGK AvkÉq KGi gvbyl
iGqGQ ŠewPòÅgq D`vniY I eÚGeÅi wekvj weÕ¦‡wZ”@ hywÚmn eÅvLÅv VKvGbvi KvR KGi wbGRGì Õ¼v^Æ nvwmj KGi ˆbq|
KGiv| K. gwR` mevBGK Kx eGj mGÁ¼vab KGi ^vGKb? 1
6. ˆm PGj ˆMGQ eGj wKGMv ÕÃ†wZ wK Zvi hvq ˆfvjv L. ˆPvGL Zvi ˆZgwb wkKvwii mƒPvMÉ ‰KvMÉZv’@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2
AvGRv gGb nGj Zvi K^v, gGgÆ ˆh ˆgvi ˆ`q ˆ`vjv|| M. DóxcGKi ‘Amvay eÅwÚ’ jvjmvjyi ˆKvb PwiòwUGK BwãZ KGi, eYÆbv
H cÉwZwU aƒwjKYvq, AvGQ Zvi ˆQuvIqv ˆjGM ˆn^vq KGiv| 3
AvGRv Zvnvwi Avmvi Avkvq, ivwL ˆgvi NGii me «¼vi ˆLvjv| N. “agÆ KLGbv KLGbv ‰KGkÉwYi eÅwÚi eÅemvi DcRxeÅ nGq DGVGQ|”
ˆn^v ˆm ‰GmwQj hGe Ni fGi wQj dzj DrmGe DóxcGKi Kvwnwb I cwiYwZi ˆPGq DcbÅvGmi Kvwnwb I cwiYwZ
ˆgvi KvR wQj ÷ay fGe, Zvi nviMuv^v Avi dzj ˆZvjv|| AwaKZi ŠewPòÅgq@ welqwU ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4
1. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` 10. eRjy ‰es bvUGKi PwiGò ˆh wRwbmwUi Pig 21. ‘Avgvi c^’ iPbvq KvRx bRi‚j Bmjvg KxGmi
iwPZ? Afve Zv nGjv@ ˆPGq AnsKviGK fvGjv eGjGQb?
K gyÚK L AwgòvÞi K ŠbwZKZv L ˆ`kGcÉg K fxi‚Zv L A®¬ AbyKiY
M Õ¼ie†î N gvòve†î M Avñmshg N agÆ-wek¼vm M wg^Åv webq N civaxbZv
2. ‘Avwg Kwe@ eGbi cvwLi gGZv Õ¼fve Avgvi Mvb 11. cjvwki hyG«¬ wmivGRi cZGbi RbÅ Zvi wbGRi wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 22 I 23 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i
Kiv’@ ‰K^vi cÉwZa»wb AvGQ ˆKvb KweZvq? ˆh PvwiwòK ŠewkÓ¡Å AGbKLvwb `vqx, Zv nGjv@ Dîi `vI:
K HKZvb L ˆmB AÕ¨ K mijZv L A`ƒi`wkÆZv wcZ‡nxb mij cÉK‡wZi g†`yjGK cÉfvekvjx gxi mvGnGei
M ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i M mZÅcÉxwZ N ‰KGivLvwg ˆjvGKiv aGi wbGq hvq ‰es ‰KUv wg^Åv `wjGj Õ¼vÞi
N iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©
12. ‘A^Ævr Nyl ˆLGq ˆLGq Nyl K^vwUi A^ÆB e`Gj KiGZ eGj| g†`yGji gGb cGo hvq evevi ˆkl DcG`Gki
3. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm fqsKi’ KviY, ‰ eqGm@ ˆMGQ Avcbvi KvGQ’@ DwÚwU Kvi? K^v@ ‘AbÅvGqi KvGQ KLGbv gv^v bZ KGiv bv|’
K BsGiR gwnjv L wKjcÅvwUÇK
i. AvNvZ AvGm ii. cÉvGY AmnÅ h¯Ÿv wecGì mÁ¿vebv ˆRGbI g†`yj Zvi wm«¬vG¯¦ AUj ^vGK|
M nÅvwi N gvwUÆb
iii. cÉvY ZxeË Avi cÉLi 22. DóxcGKi g†`yj ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi
13. ‘jvjmvjy’ Kx aiGbi DcbÅvm?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi?
K agÆ-AvwkÉZ L mgvR-mgmÅvgƒjK
K i I ii L ii I iii K BmnvK L Avõym mvîvi
M AvçwjK N NUbvwbfÆi
M i I iii N i, ii I iii M AvdRvj N byi‚j ü`v
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 14 I 15 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 4 I 5 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi Dîi `vI: 23. DóxcGKi welGqi mvG^ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i
`vI: evjÅweevnweGivax AvG±`vjb MGo ZzjGZ wMGq wkwÞZ mv`†kÅ ˆKv^vq?
1971 mvGj ‰KwU MÉvGg gywÚGhv«¬v msMÉn KiGZ wMGq hyeK wiqvR MÉvgÅ gvZe»Gii KvGQ jvèbvi wkKvi K cÉZxKx eÅébvq L cUf„wgGZ
KÅvG¶Ÿb gbmyi eãe®¬yi 7 gvGPÆi fvlY evRvGZ nGjv| ˆKD Zvi mvnvGhÅ ‰wMGq ‰Gjv bv| M NUbvq N mgvRwPGò
jvMGjb| ‰GZB KvR nGjv| AmsLÅ hyeK gywÚGhv«¬vi 14. DóxcGKi wiqvR ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb 24. ‘wKDGiUi’ A^Æ Kx?
ZvwjKvq bvg ˆjLvGjb| mvaviY gvbyGli AskMÉnGY PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? K ‰K ˆKvlwewkÓ¡ cÉvYx L Rv`yNi iÞK
÷i‚ nGjv ˆMwijv hy«¬| K ZvGni L KvGì M gnvRvMwZK inmÅ N gnvKvk hvb
4. DóxcGKi gƒjfvGei mvG^ ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb M AvØvm N ajvwgqv wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 25 I 26 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i
cGo hvq’ KweZvi mv`†kÅ gƒjZ@ 15. wiqvR I DcbÅvGmi ˆmB PwiGòi jvèbvi KviY Dîi `vI:
K ˆPZbvMZ L NUbvMZ Kx? 1910 mvGj cÉwZwÓ¤Z evsjvG`Gki ‰KwU weLÅvZ Rv`yNGi
M PwiòMZ N eYÆbvMZ K ‰KvwKZ½ L PvwiwòK `yeÆjZv bvbv aiGbi gƒjÅevb fvÕ•hÆ I wkjvwjwc ˆ`GL wmwg Lye
5. DóxcGKi ˆkl evKÅwUi fve wbGPi ˆKvbwUGZ M AckwÚi cÉfve N mykvmGbi Afve wewÕÃZ nGjv| ivGZ ˆm evsjvi cÉvPxb I gaÅhyGMi
cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? 16. iwngv gwRGì w«¼Zxq weGqGZ cÉwZev` KGi bv Õ©vcZÅ wkGÍ¸i Ici ‰KwU wbe®¬ wjGL ˆdjj|
K hLb Avgvi K¥¤ evGRqvµ¦ KGi wbGq hvq ˆKb? 25. wmwg AvmGj ˆKvb Rv`yNi `kÆGb wMGqwQj?
L aej `yGai gGZv ˆRÅvrÕ²v Zvi XvwjGZGQ i. Õ¼vgxfwÚ K evsjvG`k RvZxq Rv`yNi
Puv`-cƒwYÆgvi ii. agÆwbÓ¤v L eGi±`Ê Rv`yNi
M hLb kKzb ˆbGg AvGm ‰B ˆmvbvi evsjvq iii. mgvGRi AvbyMZÅ M RvwZZvwî½K Rv`yNi
N mgÕ¦ b`xi AkÉ‚ AeGkGl eËþcyGò ˆgGk wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? N XvKv bMi Rv`yNi
6. Kvi Aci bvg ˆmŒwgwò? K i I ii L ii I iii 26. Rv`yNi `kÆGbi ˆh DGókÅwU wmwgi gGaÅ AwaK
M i I iii N i, ii I iii djcÉmƒ nGqGQ, Zv nGjv@
K ivg L jßY
M ˆgNbv` N wefxlY
17. ‘IbvGi Kb, Avgvi gIGZi RbÅ Rvwb ˆ`vqv K AvGñvcjwº¬ L Av¯¦RÆvwZKZv
7. wbGPi ˆKvbwUGZ Kwei Awfgvb cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ? KGi’@ DwÚwU Kvi?
M ˆ`kGcÉg N HwZnÅ ˆPZbv
K iwngv L Rwgjv
K Kwnj ˆm KvGQ mGi Avwm 27. ‘eyw«¬i gywÚ’ AvG±`vjGbi mvG^ ˆKvb bvgwU hyÚ?
M AvGgbv N nvmywbi gv
L Kwnj ˆm g†`y gay-Õ¼Gi K ˆgvZvGni ˆnvGmb ˆPŒayix
18. ˆKvb NUbvq AbycGgi gb ‘cyjGKi AvGeGk’ fGi
M Kwnj ˆm my`ƒGi Pvwnqv L gynÁÃ` Rvdi BKevj
wMGqwQj?
N Kwnj ˆm cig ˆnjvq M Avwbmyävgvb
K weby`v KZ‡ÆK ˆgGq cQ±` nIqv
8. 1757 mvGji ˆKvb ZvwiGL cjvwki hy«¬ msNwUZ L weevGni w`b-ÞY avhÆ nIqv
N AvLZvi‚ävgvb Bwjqvm
nq? M weevn bv KiGZ KjÅvYxi cY
28. ‘k›Lgvjv’ bvGgi i…cmx Kx iGOi kvwo cGi AvGQ?
K 15 ‰wcÉj L 02 RyjvB N MvwoGZ KjÅvYxi mvG^ mvÞvr K njy` L bxj
M 21 RyjvB N 23 Ryb 19. ˆKvb w`K weGePbv KGi ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i bvgKiY M meyR N jvj
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 9 I 10 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi Kiv nGqGQ? 29. gymjgvb, wLÓ¡vb I Büw`Gì KvGQ mgfvGe
`vI: K MÍ¸eÕ§ L fveeÕ§ M Pwiò N Õ©vb mgv`†Z ˆKvbwU?
Õ¼vaxbZvi hyG«¬ MÉvGgi ‰K evwoGZ AvkÉq wbGqwQj 20. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉe®¬ AbymvGi Avñvi cwicywÓ¡i K ˆR±`vGeÕ¦v L ˆRi‚RvGjg
AvnZ KGqKRb gywÚGhv«¬v| UvKvi ˆjvGf evwoi gvwjK RbÅ cÉGqvRb@ M bxjvPj N Kb&dzwmqvm
ZvGì cvKGmbvGì nvGZ ZzGj ˆ`q| ˆmB ˆ^GK ˆm i. wewPò AwfæZv 30. wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbvGì Pig N†Yv cÉKvk
eRjy ivRvKvi bvGg mKGji N†Yvi cvò nGq AvGQ| ii. DœPwkÞv ˆcGqGQ ˆKvbwUGZ?
9. eRjy ivRvKvi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb iii. Mfxi mnvbyf„wZ K ˆn wcZ‡eÅ, Ze evGKÅ BwœQ gwievGi!
PwiGòi K^v ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? L Kn, gnvi^x, ‰ wK gnvi^xcÉ^v?
K ivq`yjÆf L KÑvBf K i I ii L ii I iii M wbMÆyY Õ¼Rb ˆkÉqt. cit cit m`v|
M kIKZRã N ivBmyj Rynvjv M i I iii N i, ii I iii N MwZ hvi bxP mn, bxP ˆm `ygÆwZ|
1 N 2 M 3 L 4 K 5 N 6 L 7 N 8 N 9 K 10 L 11 L 12 N 13 L 14 M 15 M
Dîi
16 K 17 N 18 M 19 L 20 M 21 M 22 N 23 M 24 L 25 L 26 N 27 K 28 K 29 L 30 N

K wefvM  M`Å M. DóxcGKi gƒjeÚGeÅi mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi gƒjeÚeÅ KZUzKz mvgémÅcƒYÆ?
1. WvÚvi AcƒeÆ iscyi evmÕ¡GcGR ùvwoGq ˆ`LGZ ˆcGjb ‰KwU Õ•zj evGm ‰KRb AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
wkwÞKv wkÞv^ÆxGì Qov Mvb ˆkLvGZ ˆkLvGZ wbGq hvGœQb| wkwÞKvGK Zvi ˆPbv ˆPbv N. ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq Kwei gGbi K^vB ˆhb AvGjvPÅ DóxcGKi mviK^v@
gGb nGjv| Zvi mGãB wK AcƒGeÆi weGq nevi K^v g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
wQj? AcƒGeÆi ˆKŒZƒnj Avi ˆKvjvnGji gGaÅB evmwU PGj ˆMj| wkwÞKvGK ˆ`GL gGb 7. wdwjwÕ¦Gbi cwøg ZxieZÆx ivgvÍÏvi ‰KwU MÉvGg ‰K bvix BmivGqj-wdwjwÕ¦wb
nGjv Õ¼vaxbGPZv I eÅwÚZ½gqx| WvÚvi AcƒGeÆi gGb coj ˆmB weLÅvZ MvGbi Kwj: hyG«¬ eÅen†Z ˆLvjm eÅenvi KGi Zv w`Gq dzj Pvl KGi mvwRGq ZzGjGQb wbGRi
Avgvi ejvi wKQy wQj bv, ..........| evMvb| ‰ ˆhb ‰K Awfbe cÉwZev` hyG«¬i fqvenZvi wei‚G«¬| ˆh ˆMÉGbW hyG«¬
K. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KvGK MRvGbi ˆQvU fvB ejv nGqGQ? 1 ˆKej a»sGmi KvGR eÅenvi Kiv nq ˆmB ˆMÉGbGWi ˆLvjGm dzGji Pvl ˆhb AÕ¨,
L. “Vvëvi mÁ·KÆUvGK Õ©vqx Kwievi BœQv Avgvi bvB”@ DwÚwU ˆKvb cÉmGã iÚ Avi ÞgZvi `vcGU MGo IVv AvaywbK weGk¼i fqvenZvi gyGL PGcUvNvZ| Avi
Kiv nGqGQ? 2 ‰B AvNvZ ˆhb hyG«¬i e`Gj fvGjvevmvi Reve|
M. WvÚvi AcƒeÆ ‰es ‘AwcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Abycg ˆhw`K ˆ^GK mv`†kÅcƒYÆ Zv eÅvLÅv K. AGgvN AbbÅ AÕ¨ Kx? 1
KGiv| 3 L. ‘mfÅZvi ˆmB cÉwZkÉ‚wZ’ ejGZ Kwe ˆKvb welGqi cÉwZ BwãZ KGiGQb? 2
N. DóxcGKi wkwÞKvi gGaÅ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi PvwiwòK cÉeYZvmgƒn M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ bvixi `†wÓ¡fwãi mvG^ ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq Kwei `†wÓ¡fwãi
h^vh^fvGe cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ eGj Zzwg gGb KGiv wK? ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
`vI| 4 N. DóxcK ‰es ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvi gƒj cÉwZcv`Å welq nGœQ ‘hy«¬ bq kvw¯¦, AÕ¨
2. Avõyj Kwig AvgjvMvQx MÉvGgi ‰K `wi`Ë K‡lK| w`bivZ KGVvi cwikÉg KGi ˆm bq fvGjvevmv’@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv wePvi KGiv| 4
gvGV dmj djvq| gv^vi Nvg cvGq ˆdGj dmj djvGjI msmvi wVKgGZv PvjvGZ cvGi
bv ˆm| cwievGii mKGji Pvwn`v ˆgUvGbv Zvi cGÞ mÁ¿e nq bv| ‰Z cwikÉg KGiI byb M wefvM  mncvV (DcbÅvm@ jvjmvjy )
AvbGZ cvbZv dzivGbvi gGZv AeÕ©v Zvi| 8. ˆnvGmb wgqv ‰K inmÅgq Pwiò| cÉ^g RxeGb Pvj-PzGjvnxb AeÕ©vq ˆKZzcyi
K. ‰KLvbv ‘‰w´£’ Kvco AevGa KZ eQi ÛGK? 1 MÉvGgi Rni gvwSi evwoGZ AvkÉq wbGjI cieZÆÆxKvGj wZwb ‰B ‰jvKvi weGkl ‰KRb
L. ‘cvQvq ˆRvGU bv ZÅvbv”@ KviYàGjv ZzGj aGiv| 2 nGq IGVb| mKjGKB wZwb wgqv eGj mGÁ¼vab KGib, K^v eGjb nvwm gyGL, ‰wMGq
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N. ‘bƒb AvbGZ cv¯¦v dzivq’@ ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬i AvGjvGK DwÚwU wePvi KGiv| 4 wZwb MGo ZzGjGQb wekvj cÉwZcwî|
3. Avwg RxeGb AGbK AvñcÉeçbv KGi KGi A¯¦Gi AGkl h¯Ÿv ˆfvM KGiwQ| K. ‘wbivK cov’@ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
KZ ivwò AbyGkvPbvq Nyg nq bvB| ‰Lb fzj eySGZ ˆcGiwQ| ‰Lb ˆmvRv ‰B L. ‘kGmÅi ˆPGq Uzwc êwk, aGgÆi AvMvQv êwk’@ DwÚwU «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv
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ZvGZ ˆjvGK hZB wb±`v Ki‚K, Avwg Avgvi KvGQ ˆQvU nGq ^vKe bv, AvñcÉeçbv M. DóxcGKi ˆnvGmb wgqv I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiGòi gGaÅ mv`†kÅ
KGi Avi AvñwbhÆvZb ˆfvM Kie bv| ZzGj aGiv| 3
K. KZ mvGj KvRx bRi‚j Bmjvg evOvwj cÎŸGb ˆhvM ˆ`b? 1 N. ‘Õ¼v^ÆiÞvq DóxcGKi ˆnvGmb wgqv ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` Pwiò
L. ‘gvbyl-agÆB meGPGq eo agÆ’@ eywSGq ˆjGLv| 2 ‰KB cGî cw^K@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv cÉwZc®² KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGKi fvevG^Æi mvG^ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLGKi gGbi ˆh mv`†kÅcƒYÆ 9. evsjvG`Gki AeGnwjZ RbcGì cjvkbMi MÉvGgi wkwÞZ hyeK myRb MÉvGg
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N. DóxcKwUGZ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬wUi AvswkK w`K cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ@ DwÚwUi ˆPGqwQj wK¯§ Zvi ˆmB Õ¼µ² aƒwjmvr nGq hvq ‰K AckwÚi cÉfvGe|
h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY KGiv| 4 K. ‘giv gvbyl wR±`v nq ˆKgGb’@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1
4. L. ‘ˆ`kUv ˆKgb givi ˆ`k’@ ‰LvGb ˆKvb AçGji K^v ejv nGqGQ, ˆKb? 2
M. DóxcGKi myRb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb Pwiò I NUbvGK wbG`Æk KGi?
AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3
N. DóxcGK AckwÚ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb kwÚGK wbG`Æk KGi? ˆmB kwÚi
Drm mÁ·GKÆ gZvgZ ˆck KGiv| 4
N wefvM  bvUK
10. “Iiv àwj ˆQvGo ‰G`Gki cÉvGY, ˆ`Gki `vexGK îGL
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K. wgmwKÌqv´Ÿ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1
L. ‘gGb nGœQ ˆhb e†wÓ¡ coGQ îBbGKvGUÆi Dci’ @ DwÚwU «¼viv ˆjLK Kx Iiv ‰G`Gki bq,
êvSvGZ ˆPGqGQb? 2 ˆ`Gki fvMÅ Iiv KGi weKÌq|”
M. wPGò ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆh w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ Zv eÅvÅLv KGiv| 3 K. wmivRDGóŒjvGK ˆK nZÅv KGib? 1
N. wPwòZ w`KwU ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i welqeÕ§GK AviI kvwbZ KGiGQ eGj Zzwg L. ‘ÌjZ Avgvi KvGQ fMevGbi `v`vgkvGqi ˆPGq eo’@ DwÚwUi «¼viv Kx
gGb KGiv wK? mcGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4 êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
L wefvM  KweZv M. DóxcGKi 1g `y B PiGYi fvev^Æ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb w`KwUi mvG^
5. 1757 mvGj cjvkxi cÉv¯¦Gi evsjvi Õ¼vaxbZvi mƒhÆ AÕ¦wgZ nGqwQj hvGì mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
wek¼vmNvZKZvq ZvGì gGaÅ AbÅZg cÉavb ˆmbvcwZ gxiRvdi| cÉavb ˆmbvcwZ nGqI N. “DóxcGKi ˆkl `y B PiGYi fvev^Æ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ‰KwU ZvrchÆ c ƒ Y Æ
wZwb BsGiRGì wei‚G«¬ hyG«¬ AskMÉnY KGibwb| ÷ay gxiRvdiB bq ivReÍÏf, ivq`yjÆf, w`K”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv cÉwZc®² KGiv| 4
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cÞv¯¦Gi gxiRvdi ‰es Zvi ˆ`vmiiv evOvwj RvwZi mvG^ wek¼vmNvZKZv KGiGQ ‰es gvbwPGò ‰KwU Õ¼vaxb I mveÆGfŒg ivÓ¡Ç wnGmGe evsjvG`Gki c^ Pjvq cwøgv
evOvwj RvwZGK cÉvq 200 eQi BsGiRGì ˆMvjvwg KiGZ evaÅ KGiGQ| kvmKGMvÓ¤x QvovI evav nGq ùvwoGqwQj ‰G`kxq ivRvKvi ˆkÉwY| MYnZÅv, jyU, alÆY,
K. ‘weay’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 Aw™²msGhvMmn bvbv N†YÅ KgÆKvGí kvwgj nq Zviv| wK¯§ ‰G`Gki Õ¼vaxbZvi Rqhvòvq
L. ‘PívGj emvI Avwb ivRvi AvjGq’@ cO&wÚwUi ZvrchÆ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆKvGbvfvGeB Zviv evav nGq ùvovGZ cvGiwb| ‰G`Gki meÆÕ¦Gii gvbyGli mwÁÃwjZ
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ wek¼vmNvKZv ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi welqeÕ§GZ cÉGPÓ¡vq ‰G`Gk Õ¼vaxb nGqGQ|
KxfvGe cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 3 K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KZwU Aâ iGqGQ? 1
N. “DóxcKwU ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi AvswkK i…cvqY gvò”@ ˆZvgvi L. NGmwU êMg ˆKb wmivGRi a»sm Kvgbv KGib? 2
gZvgZmn DwÚwU wePvi KGiv| 4 M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ivRvKvi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb ˆKvb PwiòàGjvi
6. eüi…Gc mÁÃyGL ˆZvgvi, Qvwo ˆKv^v LyuwRQ Ck¼i? cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
RxGe ˆcÉg KGi ˆhBRb, ˆmBRb ˆmweGQ Ck¼i|” N. “evsjvG`Gki mvaviY RbMY ivRvKviGì wei‚G«¬ ˆRGM DVGjI
K. ˆK gnvGe`bvi WvK ÷bGZb? 1 wmivRDGóŒjvi cÉRviv gxiRvdiGì wei‚G«¬ ˆRGM IGVwb”@ DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv
L. ‘ˆZvgvi n†`q wek¼-ˆ`Dj mKj ˆèZvi’@ ‰ K^v ejv nGqGQ ˆKb? 2 wePvi KGiv| 4
0 1 1
1. Ab¯¦ gnvRMr ˆ^GK AvMZ `yBRb wKDGiUi DóxcKwU gGbvGhvM w`Gq cGov ‰es 13 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i 23. gvwm-wcwm Kuv^v-KÁ¼j wfwRGq ivGL@
ˆKvb cÉvYxGK ˆKŒZ„nGjvóxcK eGj mveÅÕ¦ KGi? Dîi `vI: K hyG«¬i AvGqvRb wnGmGe
K nwiYGK L evNGK Avgiv wnGivwkgv-bvMvmvwKi eÅw^Z Avñv L Rwg`viGì ˆÌqv Avàb ˆbfvGZ
M mvcGK N wcucovGK Avgiv kvw¯¦ PvB M AGbK w`b AcwiœQ®² wQj eGj
2. AbycGgi weGq ˆfGO hvIqvi cGi gvgv gvgjv Avgiv wfGqZbvg I evsjvG`Gki N ˆcqv`vGì RvcGU aiGZ
Kivi cwiKÍ¸bv KGiwQGjb KxGmi RbÅ? Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬i kwn` wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 24 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
i. weevGni PzwÚfGã Avgiv kvw¯¦ PvB| KvwbGRi evev-gvi gGaÅ mvivw`b «¼±«¼ ˆjGMB ^vGK|
ii. Avw^ÆK ÞwZ ˆcvlvGZ 13. DóxcGKi ˆKvb ˆKvb Abylã ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq ZvGì ‰B «¼G±«¼ AwZÓ¤ nGq ˆm Õ©vbxq ˆPqvigÅvGbi KvGQ
iii. gvbnvwbi `vweGZ eÅen†Z nGqGQ? wePvi ˆ`q| ˆPqvigÅvGbi ˆjvjyc`†wÓ¡ cwieviwUGK a»sm
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K wnGivwmgv-bvMvmvwK L wfGqZbvg-evsjvG`k KGi ˆ`q|
Ki L ii M Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬i kwn` N Avgiv kvw¯¦ PvB 24. DóxcGKi cwieviwUi a»sGmi w`K ˆ^GK
Mi I ii N i, ii I iii 14. PveÆvK AvÕ©vkxj wQGjb bv@ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ZvGnGii evc-gvi msmvi
we. `Ë.: mwVK Dîi i I iii i. êG` ii. Avñvq a»sGmi w`KwU ˆh ZvrchÆ enb KGi@
3. mnmÉ cÉvY ÞZ-weÞZ nq@ iii. ciGjvGK i. ÞgZvi cÉfve ii. A^Æ‹bwZK cÉfve
K RxeGbi jÞÅ wVK ^vGK bv eGj wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? iii. agÆxq ˆMuvovwg
L mgvGRi AbvPvi cÉwZKvGi AcviM eGj K i I ii L i I iii wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
M ˆbwZevPK welGqi cÉwZ êwk ˆSuvGK eGj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii
N ARmÉ AvNvZ cÉwZGivGa AÞg eGj 15. my`kÆb nGjv ‰KwU@ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
4. ‘gy™¬ giY euvGK euvGK’ ejGZ êvSvGbv nGqGQ@ K b`x L Nvm M ˆcvKv N cvwL 25. ‘K‡wòg cGYÅ eÅ^Æ nq MvGbi cmiv’ ejGZ êvSvq@
i. b`xi euvGK g†ZzÅi duv` wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 16 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K MvGb K‡wòg cYÅ ^vKGj PjGe bv
ii. Rxeb giGYi mÁ·†wÚ Avgiv Kwi fzj L eÅ^ÆZvi Mvb K‡wòg cGYÅ cwicƒYÆ
iii. mwZÅKvGi g†ZzÅ evavnxb AMva RGj Suvc w`Gq M msMxGZi myi I jq evÕ¦evbyM nGZ nq
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? hywSGq cvB K„j| N mvwnGZÅ evÕ¦eZv bv ^vKGj Zv eÅ^Æ nq
Ki L ii ˆhLvGb WvK cGo 26. ‘Avgvi bvwjk AvR Avgvi wbGRi wei‚G«¬’ ejGZ
Mi I ii N i, ii I iii Rxeb giY SGo beve êvSvGZ ˆPGqGQb@
5. gwnDwób ivR‹bwZK KviGY KvivGfvM KGib@ Avgiv cÉÕ§Z|
K ÞgvkxjZvB Zuvi cZGbi KviY
i. weËwUk AvgGj ii. cvwKÕ¦vb AvgGj 16. DóxcGKi mGã AwaKZi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ PiY nGjv@
L hy«¬GKŒkj bv ˆRGbB hyG«¬ AeZxYÆ nIqv
iii. evsjvG`k AvgGj i. ÞZ-weÞZ nq mnmÉ cÉvY
M ˆmbvcwZ I AgvZÅGì wPbGZ bv cviv
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? ii. AvVvGiv eQi eqm RvGb bv Kuv`v
N cÉvmv` loh¯¨ bmÅvr KiGZ bv cviv
K i I ii L i I iii iii. weivU `ytmvnGmiv ˆ`q ˆh DuwK
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 27. ‘mævGb bv RvbGjI Zviv ‰Kvëv, c^ ZvGì
K i I ii L i I iii
‰K’@ D«¬†Zvsk «¼viv êvSvGbv nGqGQ@
6. ‘Avgiv wK Zuvi gGZv KweZvi K^v ejGZ cviGev?’@
K gwR`-LvGjK eÅvcvixi DGókÅ
‰ AsGk Kwei ˆKvb AvKv›Þv eÅÚ nGqGQ? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
17. ‘ˆm ˆhb LuvPvq aiv cGoGQ’@ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm L ZvGni-KvG`Gii övZ‡Z½Geva
K cÉwZev`x ˆPZbvi
Kvi aiv covi K^v ejv nGqGQ? M Rwgjv-iwngvi gGbvKvgbv
L ˆmŒ±`hÆGeva cÉKvGki
K iwngv L nvmywbi gv N gZjye Luv I AvIqvjcyGii wcGii BœQv
M fvlvi cÉMvpZvi N Õ¼G`kcÉxwZi
M Rwgjv N AvGgbv wewe wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 28 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
7. ‘Avevi dzGUGQ `ÅvGLv K‡úP„ov ^Gi ^Gi knGii
18. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU cÉKvwkZ nq@ ‰KwU AvswUi gGZv ˆZvgvGK cGiwQ Õ¼G`k Avgvi
cG^’@ cO&wÚGZ RvZxq RxeGbi ˆKvb w`KwU
K 1932 wLËÓ¡vGõ L 1933 wLËÓ¡vGõ KwbÓ¤ AvOzGj, KLGbv D«¬Z ZGjvqvGii gGZv `xµ¦gvb
ZzGj aiv nGqGQ?
M 1935 wLËÓ¡vGõ N 1936 wLËÓ¡vGõ NvGmi wfZGi, ˆ`GLwQ ˆZvgvq ˆWvivKvUv R¾jR¾Gj i…c
K MY-AvG±`vjGbi L fvlv AvG±`vjGbi
19. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cÉ^g msjvc@ ˆRÅvrÕ²vq|
M gnvb gywÚhyG«¬i
K DwgPuvGì L RGRÆi 28. DóxcGK ‘AvswUi gGZv Õ¼G`k’ Avj gvngyGì
N ŠÕ¼ivPvix AvG±`vjGbi
M ˆKÑUGbi N Iqvwj LvGbi ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq ˆKvb aiGbi ZvrchÆ enb
8. ‘AZ‰e cyi‚Gli bÅvq AvPiY KivB weGaq’@
20. ‘ˆWv´Ÿ ˆKqvi fve AvGb’ ‘D«¬†Zvsk «¼viv êvSvGbv KGi?
ejGZ weovGji cÉwZ ˆKvb aiGbi AvPiGYi K^v
nGqGQ@ K wewœQ®²ZvGevGai h¯Ÿv
ejv nGqGQ?
i. bRi‚Gji fqnxbZv L cÉvGYi cÉvPzhÆ
K cÉ^vMZ L wei‚«¬ev`x
ii. wbGRi cÉwZ cÉMvp wek¼vm M cÉK‡wZi gGaÅ m†wÓ¡i emevm
M Õ¼fvewei‚«¬ N AÕ¼vfvweK
iii. mGZÅ ejxqvb nIqv N Kwei AwÕ¦Z½Geva
9. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆcÉÞvcGU wbGÁ²vÚ ˆKvb
welqwUi cÉwZ ˆjLK êwk mGPÓ¡ wQGjb? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? DóxcKwU cGo 29 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
K ivRvKvGii ˆ`ŒivñÅ L ˆMwijvGì AvKÌgY Ki L i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii ‰ ˆ`Gki evZvm, Avgvi cÉwZwU we÷«¬ wbk¼vm
M byi‚j ü`vi ˆ`kGcÉg 21. ‘e†GÞi cvGb ZvwKGq Avgiv jvfevb nGZ cvwi’@ ˆKD PvBGjB@
N nvbv`viGì wbcxob KxfvGe? Avgvi wbk¼vGmi evZvGm evi‚Gì M®¬ QovGZ cvGi bv|
10. Šmq` kvgmyj nGKi iPbv bq@ K e†ÞGK AbymiY I AbyKiY KGi Avgiv Zv wKQyGZB w`GZ cvwi bv.........
K KgGji ˆPvL L MYbvqK L e†GÞi gGZv cGivcKvix nGq 29. DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb ZvrchÆ
M civGbi Mnxb wfZi N ‰LvGb ‰Lb M cÉwZw`b e†GÞi e†w«¬ ˆ`GL enb KGi?
N e†GÞi dzj dj ˆfvM KGi K BsGiR nUvGbvi msKÍ¸
11. divwm fvlvq ˆbKGjm MGÍ¸i ÷«¬ evbvb@
K La Parure L La Perure 22. ‘mÁ·ÉwZ cwÍÏMÉvGgi `y`Ækvi cÉwZ ˆ`ke®¬y ˆbZ‡e†G±ì L Õ¼vaxbZv iÞvi ˆPZbv
M La Purerue N La Porure `†wÓ¡ cwoqvGQ’ ejGZ êvSvGbv nGqGQ@ M cÉvmv` loh¯¨ i‚GL ˆÌqvi ˆPÓ¡v
12. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq ‘ZÕ•i’ ejv K ˆbZ‡e†±` ˆ`k mÁ·GKÆ fveGQb N ˆ`Gk kvw¯¦ cÉwZÓ¤vi AãxKvi
nGqGQ@ L ˆ`kGbZviv ˆ`Gki `y`Ækv ˆ`LGQb 30. ˆMvcvj ˆKvb gvGm eywoi mGã nvRivi eDGK
K ivgGK L jßYGK M ˆbZviv ˆ`Gki D®²qGbi KvR KiGQb ˆ`GLwQGjb?
M wefxlYGK N evmeGK N ˆbZviv cwÍÏi D®²qGb KvR KiGQb K fv`Ë L ŠRÅÓ¤ M Avwk¼b N kÉveY
1 M 2 @ 3 K 4 M 5 N 6 K 7 K 8 K 9 M 10 K 11 K 12 L 13 K 14 N 15 M
Dîi
16 N 17 M 18 M 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 L 23 K 24 L 25 N 26 N 27 K 28 M 29 L 30 L

[`ËÓ¡eÅ: Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM w`Gq co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi h^vh^ Dîi `vI| cÉGZÅK wefvM ˆ^GK
`ywU KGi ˆgvU QqwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| ‰KB cÉGk²i DîGi mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÉY `ƒlYxq|]
K Ask  M`Å 6. Avgiv bƒZb ˆhŒeGbi `ƒZ
1. ‘KbÅvi wcZv ivgmy±ì AvgvGì ivq evnv`yGii nvGZ cvGq awiqv Avgiv Pçj Avgiv A«¿zZ|
ewjGjb, “÷f KvhÆ mÁ·®² nBqv hvK, Avwg wbøqB UvKvUv ˆkva Kwiqv Avgiv êovfvwO|
wè|” ivq evnv`yi ejGjb, “UvKv nvGZ bv cvBGj ei mfvÕ© Kiv hvBGe Avgiv AGkvKeGbi
bv|” ‰B `yNÆUbvq A¯¦tcyGi ‰KUv Kv®²v cwoqv ˆMj| .............. ivOv ˆbkvq ivwO|
BZtgGaÅ ‰KwU myweav nBj| ei mnmv Zvi wcZ‡G`Gei AevaÅ nBqv Sêvi e®¬b wQ®² KGi ˆ`B-
DwVj| ˆm evevGK ewjqv ewmj, “ˆKbvGePv ì`vGgi K^v Avwg eywS bv; Avgiv we`yÅr|
weevn KwiGZ AvwmqvwQ, weevn Kwiqv hvBe|” Avgiv Kwi fzj
K. weGqi mgq AbycGgi eqm KZ wQj? 1 AMva RGj Suvc w`Gq
L. ‘A®²cƒYÆvi ˆKvGj MRvbGbi ˆQvGUv fvBwU|’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 hywSGq cvB K„j|
M. DóxcGKi eGii mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Abycg PwiGòi Šemv`†kÅ ZzGj ai|3 ˆhLvGb WvK cGo
N. “DóxcGKi NUbvwU ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ mvgvwRK AmãwZi w`KwU Rxeb giY SGo
ZzGj aiGZ mÞg nGqGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÐlY Ki| 4 Avgiv cÉÕ§Z|
K. myKv¯¦ fëvPvGhÆi ŠcZ‡K wbevm ˆKvb ˆRjvq? 1
2. iwdKzj Bmjvg ‰KRb mv`v gGbi gvbyl| wkÞKZv ˆckvq ˆ^GK L. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm Kx `ytmn’ ejGZ Kwe Kx eywSGqGQb? 2
MGoGQb AvGjvwKZ gvbyl| wbGRi ˆbZ‡GZ½ cwiPvjbv KGiGQb ˆmevgƒjK M. DóxcGKi ‘Avgiv Kwi fzj’ cswÚi mvG^ ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvi
cÉwZÓ¤vb “Kvjv¯¦i”| RbKjÅvGYi cvkvcvwk wZwb ‰jvKvi gvZe»iGì ˆKvb welGqi mãwZ iGqGQ? eYÆbv Ki| 3
fívwgi cÉwZev` KGib| wg^Åv I bZRvbyZvi wei‚G«¬ wZwb m`v ˆmvœPvi| N. “DóxcGKi cÉvYagÆ I ˆhŒeb-agÆ ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq
dGj AGbGKiB kò‚GZ cwiYZ nb wZwb| ZGe wZwb `Gg hvb bv, wZwb cwijwÞZ nq”@ g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB Ki| 4
wek¼vm KGib ‘mZÅ I bÅvGqi c^B mnR c^|’ M Ask  mncvV
K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ KvGK ˆjLK mvjvg RvwbGqGQb? 1 7. gnvmoGKi cvGk cyivZb ‰KwU KeiGK gvRvi evwbGq RgRgvU
L. ‘meGPGq eo `vmZ½’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 eÅemvq PvwjGq hvGœQ ˆgvLGjQ| KeiwUGK gvRvGi i…cv¯¦wiZ Kivi NUbvwU
M. DóxcGKi iwdKzj BmjvGgi wek¼vGmi mGã ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i wQj êk bvUKxq| ‰Kw`b ‰KwU hvòxevnx evm KeiwUi cvGk mvgvbÅ avØv
ˆKvb w`KwUi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 ˆjGM ˆ^Gg hvq| wVK ZLwb KeGii cvGk ùvovGbv ˆgvLGjQ WÈvBfviGK
N. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆh w`KwU DóxcGK cÉwZdwjZ bq, Zv AvGjvPbv Ki| 4 agGK eGj, “jÅvsUv evevi mvG^ êqv`we| mvgGb ˆZvi RbÅ gnvwec`
3. AvwdÌKvi RbgvbyGli wcÉq ˆbZv ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv| eYÆev`, ŠelgÅ AGcÞv KiGQ| euvPGZ PvBGj evevi ìevGi hvi hv AvGQ ˆdGj hv|”
Avi ˆkvlY wbcxoGbi cÉwZevG` dzuGm IVv `wÞY AvwdÌKvi KvGjv gynƒGZÆi gGaÅ evGmi Rvbvjv w`Gq KeGii cvGk e†wÓ¡i gGZv coGZ jvMGjv
gvbylàGjvi `xNÆ AvG±`vjb msMÉvGg ˆbZ‡GZ½i cyGivav wQGjb wZwb| ZuvGK `k UvKv, wek UvKv ‰es ‰Kk UvKvi ˆbvU|
mBGZ nGqGQ wbhÆvZb, LvUGZ nGqGQ ˆRj, mvZvk eQi mkÉg KvivGfvM I K. “avb w`qv Kx nBe gvbyGli Rvb hw` bv ^vGK?”@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1
ZÅvGMi wewbgGq AvwdÌKvi gvbylGì gywÚ Z^v Õ¼vaxbZv AwRÆZ nq| L. “MÉvGgi ˆjvGKiv ˆhb iwngviB AbÅ msÕ•iY”@ g¯¦eÅwU eywSGq ˆjL|2
K. RvwZi RbK eãe®¬y KZ wLËÕ¡vGõ R¯ÃMÉnY KGib? 1 M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ gvRvi cÉwZÓ¤vi NUbvwU ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb
L. “ ..... AZÅvPvGii wei‚G«¬ cÉwZev` KGi hw` giGZ cvwi, ˆm givGZI NUbvi Abyi…c? weGkÐlY Ki| 3
kvw¯¦ AvGQ|”@ ˆjLK ‰ K^v eGjwQGjb ˆKb? 2 N. DóxcGKi ˆgvLGjQ ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì AvZÄcÉwZÓ¤v
M. DóxcGKi ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jvi mvG^ “evqv®²i w`bàGjv” iPbvi ˆjLGKi ‰KB mƒGò Muv^v|”@gZvgZ `vI| 4
mv`†kÅcƒYÆ w`KwU ZzGj ai| 3 8. AvaywbK wkÞvq wkwÞZ hyeK ‰g`v`| agÆ-ˆLv`v-imyj wKQyB wek¼vm
N. cwiGcÉwÞZ wf®² nBGjI ‘msMÉvgx ˆPZbvq gywRe-gÅvG´£jv ‰K mƒGò Muv^v’@ KGi bv| ˆLjvdZ AvG±`vjGb ˆhvM w`Gq ‰GKevGi e`Gj ˆMj| cxGii
DóxcK I ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvi AvGjvGK g¯¦eÅwU weGkÐlY Ki| 4 gywi` nGqGQ ‰es wbqwgZ bvgvR coGQ| cxGii fívwg I ˆjvjyc `†wÓ¡
L Ask  c`Å ‰g`vGì KvGQ aiv coj| gywiGì my±ìx eD KwjgbGK ˆRvicƒeÆK ZvjvK
4. 1971 mvGji 25 gvPÆ KvjivGZ cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx evsjvi wbiÕ¨ cwoGq wbGR weGq KGiGQ| ‰g`v` ‰GZ KÌz«¬ nGq cxGii ˆgGnw` iwéZ
evOvwji Ici eeÆGivwPZ nvgjv Pvjvq| ‰GZ `Lj`vi cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxGK `vwo aGi ˆnuPKv UvGb gvwUGZ ˆdGj w`j|
mnGhvwMZv KGiwQj ‰ ˆ`kxq ˆ`vmi NGii kò‚ ivRvKvi, Avj-eì, Avj- K. LvGjK eÅvcvixi w«¼Zxq Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
kvgm evwnbx| hwÌ hyG«¬i bxwZGZ wbiÕ¨ gvbyl nZÅv Kvcyi‚GlvwPZ| L. ‘ˆcvjv gvBb&Gli gv^vq ‰KUv e` ˆLqvj XzKGQ’@ DwÚwU w`Gq Kx
K. ‘Awi±`g’ ˆK? 1 êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
L. ‘Õ©vwcjv weayGi wewa Õ©vYyi jjvGU’ K^vwU eywSGq `vI| 2 M. DóxcGKi ‰g`v` ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?
M. DóxcGK ewYÆ Z ivRvKvi-Avj-eì evwnbx ‰es KweZvq ewYÆ Z AvGjvPbv Ki| 3
N. “DóxcGKi cxi I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì ÞgZvi Drm ‰K”@
wefxlGYi f„wgKvi mv`†kÅ eÅvLÅv Ki| 3
g¯¦eÅwU weGkÐlY Ki| 4
N. ‘wbiÕ¨ gvbyl nZÅv Kvcyi‚GlvwPZ’ DóxcK I ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’
KweZvi AvGjvGK DwÚwU wePvi Ki| 4
9. cvwKÕ¦vwb kvmKeMÆ `xNÆ Pwe»k eQi evOvwjGì Dci kvmb, ˆkvlY,
AZÅvPvi I wbhÆvZb PvwjGqGQ| eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb-‰i ˆbZ‡GZ½ ‰
5. gvbyl agÆB meGPGq eo agÆ| wn±`y-gymjgvbGì wgjGbi A¯¦ivq ev ˆ`Gki gvbyl Õ¼vaxbZvi RbÅ eyGKi ZvRv iÚ ˆXGj w`GqGQ I ˆ`k Õ¼vaxb
duvwK ˆKvbLvGb Zv ˆ`wLGq w`Gq ‰i Mj` `ƒi Kiv ‰i AbÅZg DGókÅ| KGiGQ| ˆ`Gki gvbyGli RbÅ eãe®¬y eüevi ˆRj ˆLGUGQb| 1975 mvGj ˆ`wk
gvbyGl gvbyGl ˆhLvGb cÉvGYi wgj, Av`Z mGZÅi wgj, ˆmLvGb aGgÆi ŠelgÅ I weG`wk Õ¼v^ÆvG¯¼lx gnj loh¯¨ KGi ˆ`kGcÉwgK ‰ gnvb ˆbZvGK nZÅv KGi|
ˆKvGbv wnsmvi `ykgbxq fve AvGb bv| hvi wbGRi aGgÆ wek¼vm AvGQ, ˆh K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi iPwqZv ˆK? 1
wbGRi aGgÆi mZÅGK wPGbGQ, ˆm KLGbv AbÅ agÆGK N†Yv KiGZ cvGi bv| L. ‘Zvi beve nIqvUvB Avgvi gÕ¦ ÞwZ’@ DwÚwUi ZvrchÆ ˆjL| 2
K. kvKÅgywb ˆK? 1 M. DóxcGKi eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb-‰i ˆ`kGcÉGgi welqwU
L. ‘‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eGov ˆKvGbv gw±ì Kvev bvB|’@ cswÚwU eywSGq ˆjL| 2 ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi mGã AwaKZi mãwZcƒYÆ?
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi mv`†kÅ AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 eÅvLÅv Ki| 3
N. “DóxcGK gvbeZvi ‰KwU w`K cÉwZdwjZ nGjI ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq N. DóxcGKi Õ¼v^ÆvG¯¼lx gnGji f„wgKv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi AvGjvGK
iGqGQ mvgwMÉK gvbeZv|”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÐlY Ki| 4 weGkÐlY Ki| 4
0 1 1
[weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ: mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmg…ƒn nGZ mwVK/mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii e†îwU () ejcGq´Ÿ
1. “@ Kx wgTv? ˆZvgvi w`Gj wK gqjv AvGQ?”@ DwÚwU 14. DóxcGKi f‡ZÅ Kwig ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb 27. “Avgvi KbÅvi Mnbv Avwg Pzwi Kwie ‰ K^v hviv gGb
Kvi? PwiGòi Abyi…c? KGi ZvGì nvGZ Avwg KbÅv w`GZ cvwi bv|”@
K gwRGì L ˆgv`vGe»Gii K muvGdÌ L jyrdv DwÚwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ kÁ¿zbv^ eveyi@
M LvGjK eÅvcvixi N wci mvGnGei M ˆgvnbjvj N bvivb wms K ˆÞvf L Awfgvb
2. beve wmivRDGóŒjv KvGK AvwjbMGii ˆÌqvb wbhyÚ 15. DóxcGK wmivRDGóŒjv bvUGKi ˆh fve cÉKvwkZ, Zv M ‰KàuGqwg N AvñghÆv`vGeva
KGiwQGjb? nGjv@ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 28 I 29 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
K gvwbK Puv`GK L DwgPuv`GK i. Õ¼v^Æv®¬Zv Pviw`GK DrmGei iO| bZzb eQiGK eiY Kivi cÉvYv¯¦
M RMrGkVGK N ivq`yjf Æ GK ii. eÅwÚRxeGbi wechÆq cÉqvm| mµ¦vn `yGqK AvGM gvGK nvivGbv ˆgGqwUGK ˆkvK
3. “iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©” PiYwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ iii. AvñxqZvi e®¬Gbi Škw^jÅ ˆfvjvGZB wbGq ‰GmGQ ev®¬exiv| gvGqi ÕÃ†wZ eyGK wbGqI
K msMÉvgx ˆPZbvi ZxeËZv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? axGi axGi ˆgGqwU mnR nGq DVGQ; DcGfvM KiGQ elÆeiY|
L RvwZmîvi HwZnÅGK aviGYi Abyf„wZ K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 28. DóxcGKi ‘elÆeiY’ ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi ˆKvb
M AZxZGK AuvKGo ^vKvi cÉeYZv 16. bƒij`xb ‰Kw`b WvK w`GqwQj KZ mGb? welGqi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?
N MYgvbyGli wkÍ¸x wnGmGe AvñcÉKvGki AvKzjZv K 1189 L 1197 M 1272 N 1289 K dvÍš~b eiY L em¯¦ eiY
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 4 I 5 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 17. “iwngvI ˆKuGc IGV, Kx ‰KUv gnvfq Zvi iÚ kxZj M dvàb e±`bv N em¯¦ e±`bv
wbGRi ˆkÉÓ¤Z½ cÉgvGYi cÉej AvKv›Þvq fqfxwZ ˆ`wLGq, AZÅvPvi KGi ˆ`q|”@ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi D«¬†wZGZ iwngvi 29. DóxcGK ˆgGqwUi mnR nGq IVv Avi ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’
wbhÆvZb KGiI BDwbqb cwilGì ˆPqvigÅvb cG` ‰jvKvevmxi fGqi KviY@ KweZvq Kwei AvPiGY cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@
mg^Æb cvqwb wgRÆv mvGne; A^P ZviB ˆQGj `ytGL myGL RbMGYi K gwRGì wbÓ¤i z AvPiY i. ŠecixZÅ ii. ÕÃ†wZgy™¬Zv
cvGk ˆ^GK, MÉvGg we`Åvjq nvmcvZvj cÉwZÓ¤v KGi ‰Lb mKGjiB L cÉvK‡wZK `yGhÆvGMi cƒeÆvfvm iii. gvbe gGbi inmÅgqZv
wcÉq eÅwÚ| M Rwgjvi êcGivqv AvPiY
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
4. DóxcGK wgRÆv mvGnGei ˆPqvigÅvb nevi AvKv›Þv ‘ˆmB K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N gvRvGii Hkx kwÚi KÍ¸bv
AÕ¨’ KweZvi ˆKvb AbylGãi mvG^ Zzjbxq? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 18 I 19 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 30. AvnÐvw`GK Zvi Õ¼vgx ˆhfvGe wbGq hvGe eGj ŠKjvkGK
K weG«¼l L AnsKvi BGqm-ˆbv-ˆfwiàW UvBc BsGiwR wkGL evOvwj ivgKvbvB BsGiR Rvbvq@
K ˆbŒKvq KGi L ˆRvi LvwUGq
M RvZÅwfgvb N AvwacGZÅi ˆjvf bxjKiGì KvGQ wbGRGK wek¼Õ¦ cÉgvY Kivi RbÅ
M gvgjv KGi N ˆKŒkj KGi
5. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq cÉZÅvwkZ AGÕï DGîvjGb I bxjPvlxGì Dci AgvbweK wbhÆvZGbi Dcvq evZGj ˆ`q|
DóxcGK wgRÆv mvGnGei ˆQGji KgÆKvGí cÉKvk 31. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq “PZzw`ÆGK gvbweK evMvb,
wbhÆvZb Amnbxq nGq DVGj cÉwZGiva Qvov Dcvq ^vGK bv
Kgjeb nGœQ@|”
ˆcGqGQ@ evOvwj PvlxGì|
K ZQbQ L a»sm M jyw¥¤Z N wechÆÕ¦
i. mfÅZvi cÉwZkÉ‚wZ ii. BwZevPK KgÆwbÓ¤v 18. DóxcGKi ivgKvbvB I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i BmnvK
32. ‰w´£ Kvco ŠZwi e®¬ nIqvi KviY Kx?
iii. gvbyGli mvgwÓ¡KZv wgqvi mv`†kÅ@
K K‡lGKi AvivgwcÉqZv L K‡lGKi wejvwmZv
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? i. fvlv eÅenvGi ii. weG`wk cÉxwZGZ
M BsGiRGì loh¯¨ N mfÅZvi AvMÉvmb
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. wbhÆvZGbi mnGhvwMZvq
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 33 I 34 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
6. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ cÉeG®¬ ewYÆZ KvGì ˆ`Gni wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? cÍÏxKwe wnGmGe cwiwPZ Kwe RmxgD`&`xb ‘bK&mx Kuv^vi gvV’,
Zvcgvòv wbqw¯¨Z bq? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I
‘ivLvjx’, ‘ˆmvRb evw`qvi NvU’ KvGeÅ wbLyuZfvGe DcÕ©vcb
K Dw«¿Gì L mixm†Gci iii
19. DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ hyMcr cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ@ KGiGQb MÉvGgi AeGnwjZ gvbyGli Š`bw±`b RxebwPò|
M Õ¦bÅcvqxi N eÅvKGUwiqvi 33. DóxcGKi RmxgD`&`xb ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi AvGjvGK
7. “Zvi evmKGÞi `vwi`ËÅ, nZkÉx ˆÌqvj, RxYÆ ˆPqvi ‰es K weG`wk fvlvi AvMÉvmb
L weG`wk kvmK KZ‡ÆK mxgvnxb wbhÆvZb
ˆKvb aiGbi Kwe?
weeYÆ wRwbmcGòi RbÅ ˆm eÅw^Z nGZv|”@ ‘ˆbKGjm’ K wbeÆvK gGbi L wbeÆvwmZ
MGÍ¸ gvwZj`vi ‰ Abyf„wZi KviY Zvi@ M ˆ`qvGj wcV ˆVGK hvIqv gvbyGli mÁÃyL Mgb
M gnr N cÍÏx
K ˆmŒ±`hÆGeva L DœPvKv›Þv N ˆ`Gki RbÅ Rxeb evwR îGL hyG«¬ SuvwcGq cov
20. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm AkxwZci e†«¬ ˆK? 34. DóxcGK cÉKvwkZ ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi cÉZÅvwkZ ŠewkÓ¡Å
M RxebvKv›Þv N AnsKvix gGbvfve nGjv@
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 8 I 9 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K wci mvGne L AvØvGmi evc
i. g†wîKv msj™²Zv ii. meÆòMvgx ŠewPòÅ
MÉvGgi gvbyGli wPwKrmvnxbZvi K^v weGePbv KGi cÉevmx M mGjgGbi evc N ZvGni-KvG`Gii evc
iii. mvaviGYi gGbvhvZbv cÉKvk
weîevb Zi‚Y Õ¼cb ‰KwU nvmcvZvj cÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ mKGji 21. ‘weovj’ iPbvq “ˆZjv gv^vq ˆZj ˆÌqv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
mvG^ ˆhvMvGhvM ÷i‚ KiGj MÉvGgi nvZzGo WvÚvi Avi gbylÅRvwZi”@
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
KweivR K„UGKŒkGj Õ¼cbGK bvbvfvGe ˆnbÕ©v KGi| K îvM L ˆ`vl M AfÅvm N Õ¼fve
35. Rv`yNGii ‘Rv`y’ kõwUi AvMgb ˆKvb fvlv ˆ^GK?
8. DóxcGKi Õ¼cb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiòGK 22. e†GÞi AâzwiZ nIqv ˆ^GK djevb nIqv chÆ¯¦ ˆmLvGb K D`yÆ L evsjv
ÕÃiY Kivq? ˆKejB@ M msÕ•‡Z N dviwm
K AvIqvjcyGii wci L LvGjK eÅvcvix K wbgÆvGYi BwZnvm L KÌ±`Gbi BwZnvm
36. “Õ·aÆvq ˆbq gv^v ˆZvjevi SzuwK”,@ ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’
M AvØvm N gwR` M cÉwZÓ¤vi BwZnvm N e†w«¬i BwZnvm KweZvi PiYwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ Zi‚YGì@
9. DóxcGK cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi@ 23. “Õ©vwcjv weayGi wewa Õ©vYyi jjvGU; K `†pZv L J«¬Zv
K cÉvPzhÆ L KzmsÕ•vi cwo wK f„ZGj kkx Lvb MovMwo M mvnwmKZv N AvñwbfÆiZv
M Õ¼v^Æv®¬Zv N bMivqY aƒjvq?”@ evKÅwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 37 I 38 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
10. “divwmiv WvKvZ Avi BsGiRiv AwZkq mäb eÅwÚ, K gwZœQ®²Zv L AvnvRvwi welq mÁ·GKÆ cƒeÆaviYv wbGq ˆh mKj wkÞv^Æx ‰GmwQj
ˆKgb?”@ DwÚwU Kvi? M gZ cwieZÆb N AvñghÆv`v ˆKej ZvivB ˆkÉwYKGÞi cvV`vb eySGZ cvij| êvSvGbvi
K muvGdÌi L ˆgvnbjvGji wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 24 I 25 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: RbÅ wkÞK ˆZv AvGQbB, ‰B fimvq hviv ˆkÉwYKGÞ
M DwgPuvGì N wmivGRi wecðxK ingvb mvGnGei cÉwZwÓ¤Z cyò KbÅviv mKGjB cÉevmx wMGqwQj ZvGì ARÆb kƒbÅ|
11. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq m®¬Åvi evZvGm nIqvq wecG`-AvcG` cÉwZGekxGì DciB Zvi wbfÆikxjZv| 37. DóxcGKi wkÞK ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i Kvi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?
ˆK DGo hvq? Õ¨x-m¯¦vbmn ˆhŒeGbi Avb±`gq w`bàGjv gGb coGj e†«¬ K Mv®¬xwR L KYÆavi
K evi‚Yx L jßxGcuPv AvGeMvµÏyZ nGq cGob| M cÉvew®¬K N c^cÉ`kÆK
M my`kÆb N k›Lgvjv 24. DóxcGKi ingvb mvGne ‰es ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i eywoi 38. DóxcK ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆh Abylã aviY KGi Zv
12. “Zuvi KiZGj cwjgvwUi ˆmŒif wQj”@ ‘Avwg mv`†kÅ@ nGjv@
wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi PiYwUGZ êvSvGbv K AvGeGM L evaÆGKÅ i. `vmZ½ ii. Õ¼vejÁ¼b
nGqGQ cƒeÆcyi‚lGì@ M evrmGjÅ N ciwbfÆiZvq iii. civejÁ¼b
K `vmZ½ L kÉgwbÓ¤v 25. DóxcKwUGZ ‰es ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ hyMcr cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
M f„wgwbfÆiZv N g†wîKv msj™²Zv i. ÕÃ†wZKvZiZv K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
13. “AvR beveGK ˆWvevGœQb, Kvj AvgvGì cG^ emvGeb bv ii. evaÆKÅRwbZ wbtmãZv 39. “AvIqvgx jxGMi ˆKvGbv KgÆxB êva nq Avi evBGi
Zv wK wek¼vm Kiv hvq?”@ KÑvBGfi ‰ DwÚGZ cÉKvk iii. e†nîi RxeGbi Avn»vGb mÁ·GKÆi Škw^jÅ bvB|”@ DwÚwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ AvIqvgx jxM
ˆcGqGQ gxiRvdi I Zvi mãxGì cÉwZ@ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? KgÆxGì@
K ˆÞvf L mG±`n K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K e±`x`kv L M†Gn AvñGMvcb
M weZ‡úv N AvÕ©vnxbZv 26. PveÆvK ˆK? M hyG«¬ AskMÉnY
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 14 I 15 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K Pxbv `vkÆwbK I Fwl N kiYv^Æx wkweGi AvkÉq MÉnY
Pig eÅemvwqK wechÆGqi mgq Õ¼vG^Æi KviGY iwk` mvGnGei L eÕ§ev`x `vkÆwbK I gywb 40. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq Kwei ˆPZbvi cvwLi iO Kx?
cÉwZ Õ¨x-m¯¦vbivI gyL wdwiGq ˆbq; A^P RxeGbi ˆkl w`b M fveev`x `vkÆwbK I Fwl K jvj L mv`v
chÆ¯¦ iwk` mvGneGK ˆmev Kivi kc^ ˆbq f‡ZÅ Kwig| N bv±`wbK hywÚev`x I gywb M meyR N njy`

K Ask  M`Å K. ‘g†ZzÅÞzav’ KvRx bRi‚j BmjvGgi ˆKvb aiGbi MÉ¯©? 1
1. ‰g.‰. cvm iwdK e®¬yGì mGã eÅwÚMZ Rxeb wbGq K^vevZÆv ejvi L. cG^ ZvRv dzj ˆdvGU ˆKb? 2
mgq eGj wbGRi cvGq bv ùvwoGq weGq bq| wK¯§ wcZ‡nxb iwdK PvPvi M. BkvGbi mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKv^vq wgj cvIqv hvq| eÅvLÅv Ki|3
wm«¬vG¯¦i evBGi ˆhGZ cvGi bv| ci mÁ·` ˆjvfx PvPvi AvG`Gk ZvGK N. “DóxcGKi ‘BkvGbi’ Zzjbvq ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi Kwei ˆPZbv AviI
weGqi wcuwoGZ emGZ nq| wbGRi gZvgZ cÉKvGki gvbwmK `†pZv bv ^vKvi êwk MfxGi wbwnZ|” AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
KviGY weGq evoxGZ ˆhŒZzGKi gvjvgvj wbGq ˆjvfx PvPvi cÉGk²i KviGY 6. ab avbÅ cyÓ·fiv AvgvGì ‰B emy®¬iv
weGq ˆfGã hvq| iwdKI PvPvi c`vâ AbymiY KGi weGq evox ˆ^GK Zvnvi gvGS AvGQ ˆ`k ‰K mKj ˆ`Gki ˆmiv
AmnvGqi gZ PGj AvGm| I ˆm Õ¼µ² w`Gq ŠZwi ˆm ˆ`k ÕÃ†wZ w`Gq ˆNiv
K. KjÅvYx ˆKvb ˆÕ¡kGb ˆbGgwQj? 1 ‰gb ˆ`kwU ˆKv^vI LyuGR cvGe bvGKv Zzwg
L. ‘KbÅvi wcZv gvGòB Õ¼xKvi KwiGeb Avwg mrcvò’@ ˆKb? 2 mKj ˆ`Gki ivYx ˆm ˆh Avgvi R¯Ãf„wg|
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ iwdK PwiGòi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’@ MGÍ¸i Abycg K. ei‚GYi Õ¨xi bvg Kx? 1
PwiGòi mv`†kÅ weGkÐlY Ki| 3 L. Kwei R¯Ãf„w gi gGZv ‰Z my ± ì f„
w g Ly u G R cvIqv hvGe bv ˆKb? 2
N. `†pZvi AfvGe iwdK wbGRi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆ^GK mGi ‰Gm PvPvi wm«¬v¯¦ M. DóxcGKi cÉ^g PiGYi mvG^ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’@
ˆgGb wbGqGQ@ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK ‰ wm«¬vG¯¦i mvG^ Zzwg wK KweZvi mv`†kÅ wbi…cY Ki| 3
‰KgZ? 4 N. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’@ KweZvi gƒjfve
2. mvGgÅi Mvb MvB@ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ DwÚwUi cGÞ gZvgZ `vI| 4
Avgvi PGÞ cyi‚l igYx ˆKvb ˆf`vGf` bvB| M Ask  mncvV
weGk¼ hv wKQy gnvb m†wÓ¡ wPiKjÅvYKi, 7. gwZqvi nVvr avwgÆK nGq DGVGQ| cuvP IqvÚ bvgvR ˆm gmwRG`
AGaÆK Zvi KwiqvGQ bvix, AGaÆK Zvi bi| RvgvGZi mGã cGo| ˆcvkvGKi cwieZÆb nGqGQ| ˆm ‰Lb cvRvgv cvévex
K. Kvi kv÷ox bb` evGNi gZ wQj? 1 cGi| gy L fwZÆ `vwo îGLGQ| gmwRGì Bgvg mvGnGei dGZvqv ˆgvZvGeK
L. “giY ˆVKvGZB dzwiGq AvmGQ ZvGì RxebxkwÚ”| DwÚwU eÅvLÅv Ki|2 ‰Kw`b nVvr evox wdGi Zvi `vwg ÛwjwfkbwU ˆfGã UzKGiv UzKGiv KGi
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3 ˆdGj| Õ¨x m¯¦vbiv evav w`GZ ‰Gj ˆm ˆÞvGfi msGM Dîi ˆ`q, “‰àGjv
N. DóxcGK DwjÐwLZ PiYàGjvi mvG^ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ˆjLGKi kwiqZ weGivax KvR| `ywbqvi Rxeb ˆKvGbv RxebB bq| ciKvGji RbÅ
gGbvfvGei hG^Ó¡ wgj cvIqv hvq@ ‰ welGq ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 wbGRGK ŠZwi Ki|”
K. LvGjK eÅvcvix ˆK? 1
3. “Zzwg AvmGe eGj ˆn Õ¼vaxbZv, L. “‰Lb ˆm SGoi gyGL DGo Pjv cvZv bq, mœQjZvq wkKoMvov
mwLbv wewei Kcvj fvOGjv, e†Þ”@ ˆKb? 2
wmuwî wmu`yi gyGQ ˆMj nwi`vmxi| M. DóxcGKi gwZqvGii mGã MÉvGgi gvbyGli mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
Zzwg AvmGe eGj, ˆn Õ¼vaxbZv, N. DóxcGKi gwZqvi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvixi AbÅ
knGii eyGK RjcvB iGOi UÅvâ ‰Gjv msÕ•iY@ cGÞ-wecGÞ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
`vbGei gGZv wPrKvi KiGZ KiGZ 8. ‰bvGqZ imyjcyi gmwRGì Bgvg| meÆ`v ‰ev`Z eG±`wMGZ gkàj
Zzwg AvmGe eGj, ˆn Õ¼vaxbZv ^vGK ˆm| gv`Ëvmv wkÞvi mGeÆvœP wkÞvq wkwÞZ nIqvq mevB ZvGK gvbÅ
Qvòvevm, ewÕ¦ DRvo nGjv| KGi| my±ì bƒivbx ˆPnviv nIqvq ‰jvKvi mevB ZvGK cxi mvGne wnmvGe
K. KvGì mvG^ byi‚j ü`vi AuvZvZ AvGQ? 1 MYÅ KGi| ˆm nVvr dGZvqv Rvwi KGi mKj `vb LqivZ ‰jvKvi gvbyl
L. ‘Ave»y ˆQvU gvgv nGqGQ’@ ˆQvë ˆgGqi ‰ DwÚGZ cÉGdmi ˆKb PgGK ˆhb gmwR` gv`Ëvmvq ˆ`q| ‰K^v ÷Gb ‰jvKvi AvaywbK wkwÞZ hyeK
DGVb? 2 ˆgGniv cÉwZev` Rvbvq| wK¯§ ‰jvKvi KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² gvbyl ˆgGnivi K^vq
M. DóxcGKi mGã ‘îBbGKvU’@ MÍ¸wU ˆKvb w`K w`Gq mv`†kÅcƒYÆ eÅvLÅv mvq ˆ`q bv eis weGivwaZv KGi| ZvGì aviYv evsjv, BsGiwR cov Õ•zj
Ki| 3 KGjGR coGj gvbyl kqZvGbi ˆ`vmi nq| ciKvj ˆkl nGq hvq| ZvB
N. Õ¼vaxbZvGK cvIqvi RbÅ evOvwj RbmvaviGYi AvZÄZÅvMB DóxcGKi mKj `vb LqivZ, cov÷bv gmwR` gv`ËvmvwfwîK nIqv ìKvi|
KweZvsk ‰es ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i gƒj cÉwZcv`Å| g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv K. AvGgbv wewe ˆKvb w`b îvRv ivGL? 1
cÉwZc®² Ki| 4 L. “MÉvGgi gvbyl ˆhb iwngviB AbÅ msÕ•iY”@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
L Ask  c`Å M. imyjcyi MÉvGgi ‰bvGqGZi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì mv`†kÅ
4. mvóvg ˆnvGmb BivGKi ˆjŒngvbe wQGjb| BivKGK c†wêxi ˆkÉÓ¤ I Šemv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
ˆ`k wnGmGe MGo ZzjGZ cÉvYcY ˆPÓ¡v KGiGQb| wZwb bÅvGUv evwnbxi mGã N. DóxcGK ewYÆZ gmwRGì Bgvg ‰bvGqGZi dGZvqvi weGivwaZv KGi
hy«¬ KiGZ w«¼av KGibwb| hwÌ hyG«¬ ˆnGiGQb| ZviciI mvgGbi w`GK AvaywbK wkwÞZ hyeK ˆgGniv ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi
‰wMGq ˆMGQb| Zuvi hy«¬ wbGq gZGf` ^vKGjI wZwb c†wêxi gvbylGK cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi@ AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
ˆ`wLGq w`Gq wMGqGQb gvZ‡f„wg iÞvi RbÅ kò‚i mGã ˆKvGbv AvGcvm bq| 9. Awemsevw`Z ˆbZv eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb| MYZ¯¨ iÞvi Õ¼vG^Æ
K. wefxlGYi gvGqi bvg Kx? 1 ŠÕ¼ivPvix cvwKÕ¦vb kvmGKi wei‚G«¬ AvRxeb jovB KGiGQb| 1952, 1969
L. “kvGÕ¨ eGj, àYevb hw` ciRb, ‰es ˆkl chÆ¯¦ Ewbk kZ ‰Kvîi mGb ‰Gm ZuviB ˆbZ‡GZ½ Õ¼vaxb mveÆGfŒg
àYnxb Õ¼Rb, Z^vwc wbàÆY Õ¼Rb evsjvG`k bvGgi ivGÓ¡Èi R¯Ã nq| wK¯§ cvwKÕ¦vwb loh¯¨Kvix `vjvjiv ˆ^Gg
ˆkÉq, citci m`v”@ eywSGq `vI| 2 ^vGKwb| Zuvi D`viZvi myGhvGM Zviv ‰G`Gk Avevi wkKo ˆMGo eGm| ÷i‚
M. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi mvG^ DóxcGKi ˆKvb w`KwUi nq bZzb loh¯¨| ZviB Pig cwiYwZ nq 1975 mvGji cGbiB AvMÕ¡|
mv`†kÅ iGqGQ Zv AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 K. gxiRvdi ˆK? 1
N. DóxcGKi ‘mvóvg’ ˆnvGmGbi mvG^ ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq L. “÷ay IB ‰KwU cG^B Avgiv DfGq DfGqi KvQvKvwQ AvmGZ cvwi|”
ˆgNbvGì PwiòwU cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ@ Õ¼xKvi Ki Kx? AvGjvPbv Ki|4 wKfvGe? 2
5. Bkvb ‰KRb ‰g.‰ cvm hyeK| cÉPwjZ aÅvb-aviYvi mvG^ KLbB M. wmivRDGóŒjv bvUGKi mvG^ DóxcGK eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi
ˆm ‰KgZ nGZ cvGi bv| ZvB Zvi e®¬yiv hLb AvPvi meÆÕ¼ aGgÆi ˆKvGbv mv`†kÅ AvGQ wK? AvGjvPbv Ki| 3
AvbyÓ¤vwbKZv cvjb KGi ZLb ˆm gvbe ˆmevq wbGRGK wbGqvwRZ ivGL| N. DóxcGKi eãe®¬y ˆkL gy w Rey i ingvb ‰es bvUGKi wmivRDGóŒjv
ˆm wbGRi A¯¦iagÆ ˆ^GK Abyfe KGiGQ m†wÓ¡KZÆv meÆò weivRgvb| DfGq AvcbRGbi lohG¯ï wkKvi nGjI DóxcGKi mvG^ bvUGKi
AvKvGk LyuGR ZuvGK cvIqv hvq bv| gvbyGli gvGS ZuvGK LyuRGZ nGe| Šemv`†kÅ iGqGQ AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
1. ˆmKvGj Avmvg I iscyGi Drcvw`Z weGkl aiGbi 16. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’@ Õ©vbwU ˆKgb? 28. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cÉ^g AGâi w«¼Zxq
wmGÍ•i bvg Kx? K cvnvwo L Rjg™² `†GkÅi NUbvàGjv msNUGbi Õ©vb ˆKvbwU?
K ‰w´£ L g´£v M gUKv N WÅvw´£ M Dúgíjxq N my±ì mKi‚Y K ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg `yMÆ
2. ˆh kwÚi «¼viv gvwm-wcwm AvnÐvw`GK cÉwZK„j wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 17 I 18 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: L ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg RvnvR
cwiGek ˆ^GK euvPvGZ mÞg nGqwQj Zv nGœQ@ Mvwn mvGgÅi Mvb@ M NGmwU êMGgi evwo
i. mvnm ii. HKÅ gvbyGli ˆPGq eo wKQy bvB, bGn wKQy gnxqvb| N bevGei ìevi
iii. MvGqi ˆRvi bvB ˆ`k-Kvj-cvGòi ˆf`, AGf` agÆ RvwZ, 29. ‘`kw`GKi `kwU nvZ fwZÆ KiGZ wngwkg ˆLGq
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? me ˆ`Gk, me KvGj, NGi NGi wZwb gvbyGli ævwZ|@ hvGœQ BsGiR, WvP Avi divwmiv|’@ ‰ K^vi
K i L ii M i I ii N ii I iii 17. DóxcGKi eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi gGaÅ ˆKvb Z^Å iGqGQ?
3. gvwbK eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq KZ mvGj R¯ÃMÉnY KGib? msMwZcƒYÆ PiY@ K BDGivcxqGì `vbkxjZv
K 1808 L 1908 i. ˆZvgvi n†`q wek¼-ˆ`Dj mKGji ˆèZvi L ‰G`kxqGì `vwi`ËÅ
M 1838 N 1938 ii. ˆhLvGb wgGkGQ wn±`y-êŒ«¬-gymwjg wKÌøvb M bevGei cwilèGMÆi ˆjvf
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 4 I 5 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: iii. ‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eGov ˆKvGbv gw±ì-Kvev bvB N bevGei D`vmxbZv
Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 30. bevGei ŠmbÅiv ˆdvUÆ DBwjqvg `yMÆ AvKÌgY KiGj
Avwg Avgvi cƒeÆcyi‚Gli K^v ejwQ| K i L ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ˆK ˆgGqGì ˆbŒKvq KGi cvwjGq wMGqwQj?
Zuvi wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj 18. ˆKv^vq mKj ivRgyKzU jywUGq cGo eGj Kwei K KÑvBf L njIGqj
KviY wZwb KÌxZ`vm wQGjb| wek¼vm? M ˆWÈK N IqvUm
4. wbGPi ˆKvb MÍ¸wUGZ DóxcGK ewYÆZ HwZGnÅi K gmwR`-gw±`Gi L ivRcÉvmvG` 31. ‘AZ‰e cyi‚Gli gGZv AvPiY KivB weGaq|’@
K^v cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ? M hy«¬GÞGò N gvbeZvi ˆÞGò
K^vwUGZ Kx cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ?
K evqv®²i w`bàGjv L Avn»vb 19. ‘‰Lb ˆhŒeb hvi wgwQGj hvevi Zvi ˆkÉÓ¤ mgq’@ K ˆkÏl L JwPZÅGeva
M îBbGKvU N Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve wbGPi ˆKvb PiGYi mvG^ DóxcGKi fveMZ wgj M D`viZv N cÉwZGkva Õ·†nv
5. cÉðZvwî½K I HwZnvwmK msMÉnkvjv RvwZi@ iGqGQ? 32. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ ewYÆZ eywoi Õ¼vgx ˆckvq Kx wQGjb?
K ævb QwoGq ˆ`q L AvñcwiPq ZzGj aGi K KivZx L wgwÕ¨ M gvwS N K‡lK
K c`vNvGZ Pvq fvOGZ cvî evav
M fvev`kÆ QwoGq ˆ`q N HwZnÅGK QwoGq ˆ`q L wknwiZ ÞGY ÞGY Avb±` Avi îŒG`Ëi Qvqvq
33. ‘Rwogv’ kGõi A^Æ Kx?
6. ˆjLK ˆKv^vq ˆKvwnbyi ˆ`LGZ ˆcGjb? K RwoGq ^vKv L AvoÓ¡Zv
M KvQ ˆ^GK `ƒGi hviv ZvnvGì evYx ˆhGbv ÷wb
K UvIqvi Ad j´£Gb L weËwUk wgDwRqvGg M PvKwPKÅ N Rsaiv
N AfvMv gvbyl ˆhGbv Avevi ˆRGM IGV ‰B Avkvq
M ˆjwjbMÉvGì nvwgÆwZGq 34. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ˆjLGKi KYÆavi ˆK?
20. ‘KweZv’GK Kwe Kx eGj AwfwnZ KGiGQb?
N jyÅfi wgDwRqvGg K ivÓ¡Ç L miKvi M Mv®¬xwR N wbGR
K AwZKÌv¯¦ cvnvo L DbyGbi Avàb
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 7 I 8 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 35. ‘@ wPbGjB AvñwbfÆiZv AvGm|’ evKÅwUi
M KwlÆZ Rwgi kmÅ`vbv N cwjgvwUi ˆmŒif
bwg K‡wl-Z¯§Rxex, Õ©cwZ, ZÞK, KgÆ, PgÆKvi! kƒbÅÕ©vGb Kx emGe?
21. gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi gwnjvGì mvG^ gwRGì K e®¬yGìGK L mncvVxGìGK
7. wbGPi ˆKvb KweZvq DóxcGKi fvGei mv`†kÅ ˆhvMmƒò@
iGqGQ? M AvñvGK N kò‚GK
K Rwgjv L AvGgbv wewe 36. ‘Õ¼Í¸cÉvY Õ©ƒjeyw«¬ I Rei`wÕ¦wcÉq gvbyGl msmvi
K HKZvb L ZvnvGiB cGo gGb M iwngv N nvmywbi gv
M iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ© cwicƒYÆ| ZvGì KvR@
22. ‘Zvwb eywS `yjvi evc’|@ Rwgjv Kvi mÁ·GKÆ ‰ i. fvGjv KvGR mnvqZv Kiv
N Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ DwÚ KGiGQ?
8. ‘HKZvb’ KweZv Kwei Rxeb mvqvGn×i@ ii. fvGjv KvGR A¯¦ivq m†wÓ¡ Kiv
K ˆgv`vGe»i wgTv L LvGjK êcvix iii. AcGii wb±`v iUvGbv
i. wRævmv ii. mgxKiY
M gZjye wgTv N gwR` wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
iii. KÍ¸bv wejvm
23. ‘eGZvi w`b’ KxGmi mvG^ mÁ·wKÆZ? K i L ii M i I ii N ii I iii
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K C` L cyGRv wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 37 I 38 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
K i L ii
M i I ii N ii I iii M Pvlvev` N weGq Avwg ˆZvgvi mvgGb Avevi bZRvby nGqwQ, bvix
9. gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi«¼q gvbyl mÁ·GKÆ wm«¬vG¯¦ 24. ‘`ywbqvUv eo wewPò RvqMv| mgq-AmgGq wg^Åv bv, ˆcÉGg bq, AvGkÏGl bq
DcbxZ nq ˆh gvbyl@ K^v bv ejGj bq|’@ ‰ K^vi gGaÅ gwR` Þgv ˆPGq
K AvñNvZx L m†wÓ¡kxj PwiGòi ˆh w`KwU cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ, Zv nGjv@ ***
M eyw«¬gvb N jovKz i. AbyGkvPbvGeva ii. AwÕ¦Z½ iÞvi cÉqvm ˆKbvGePv PjGQ ˆZvgvGK wbGq
10. gv`vg ˆdviwÕ¡qvGii ˆbKGjGmi gƒjÅ KZ dÌuv wQj? iii. AvñcÞ mg^ÆGbi ˆPÓ¡v ˆhGbv Zzwg kvKmewR
K cuvP kZ L Qq kZ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? Avjy cUj
M mvZ kZ N AvU kZ K i L ii M i I ii N ii I iii Lvwmi gvsm|
11. ‘RxgƒGZ±`Ê’ KxGmi MRÆb? 25. ‘gwRGì gb K-w`b aGi wP¯¦vq ˆNvicvK 37. DóxcGKi fvGei mvG^ wbGPi ˆKvb MGÍ¸i wgj
K evZvGmi L ˆgGNi Lvq’|@ KviY Kx? iGqGQ?
M KvgvGbi N mvMGii K Rwgjvi AevaÅZv K gvwm-wcwm L AcwiwPZv
12. ‘gnvi^xcÉ^v’ ejGZ ˆKvb cÉ^vi K^v êvSvGbv nGqGQ? L nvmywbi gvGqi DcwÕ©wZ M Avn»vb N ˆbKGjm
K exGii hy«¬ixwZ L gnvRbx Kvievi M AvIqvjcyGi wcGii DcwÕ©wZ 38. DóxcGK ewYÆZ AegƒjÅvqGbi wkKvi nGqGQ ˆKvb
M ivR‹bwZK ˆKŒkj N `vbkxjZv N iwngvi m¯¦vb Kvgbv Pwiò?
13. ‘ˆjvK ˆ^GK ˆjvKv¯¦Gi Avwg ˆhGbv Õ¦º¬ nGq 26. ‘beve gmbGì cvGk ùvwoGq AvGQb| Bwb wK K AvnÐvw` L Avmgv
÷wb’@ Kwe Kx ÷bGZ cvb? beve bv dwKi|’@ ‰ K^vi gaÅ w`Gq wgiRvdi M KjÅvYx N gv`vg ˆjvBGmj
K cvwLi Mvb L b`xi KGÍÏvj PwiGòi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ? 39. wbGPi ˆKvbwUGZ iex±`Êbv^ VvKzGii mvwnZÅ KGgÆi
M RbZvi ˆKvjvnj N KweZvi Avm®² weRq K mv`v-wmGa L `†pwPî DGÍÏL Kiv nGqGQ?
14. ‘ˆjvK ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq ewYÆZ cvwL ˆKv^vq eGm M K„UKzkjx N ciwbfÆikxj K weovj L Avgvi c^
AvGQ? 27. ‘DB nÅvf Kvg Uz AvbÆ gvwb AÅv´£ bU Uz ˆMU B´Ÿz M Pvlvi `yÞz N Rxeb I e†Þ
K AkGïi WvGj L RvGgi WvGj cwjwUKm|’@ IqvUGmi ‰ K^v BsGRGì@ 40. ‘gvbyGli hLb cZb AvGm ZLb cG` cG` fzj nGZ
M P±`Gbi WvGj N AvGgi WvGj i. evKPvZzhÆ ^vGK|’@ ‰LvGb ˆKvb cÉmGã K^vwU ejv nGqGQ?
15. iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvq Kwe iGÚ ii. Q«ÂGek K mvZPwÍÏGk ˆ`kfvM
KxGmi AwÕ¦Z½ Abyfe KGib? iii. cÉZviYv L fvlv AvG±`vjGb àwj elÆY
K Õ¼G`Gki L mgGqi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? M EbmîGii AfzÅïvGb àwj elÆY
M HwZGnÅi N msÕ•‡wZi K i L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii N 25 gvGPÆ àwj elÆY

K Ask  M`Å M. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi kÉgRxex gvbyGli RxebwPò eYÆbv
1. cÉv^Æbv êkx wKQy bq Ki| 3
Avgvi NvGgi `vg| N. DóxcGK ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi fvev^Æ cwicƒYÆfvGe cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ wKbv
Zv’Gqv ˆ`Ge bv wK? AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
ZGe ˆkvb, avb KvUv ˆkl 6. ˆn ˆ`k Avgvi, ebÅvi gGZv
KvGÕ¦i AeKvk| mgÕ¦ cwjgvwUi AwfæZvGK MwoGq ‰Gb ‰KwU ˆPZbvGK
myZivs mgq KvUvGZ DeÆi KGiwQ;
ˆZvgvi K¥¤bvjx ‰LvGb AvgvGì g†ZzÅ I RxeGbi mw®¬,
‰evi ˆm ˆQuvGe| mgy`Ë ŠmKGZ `ytmvnmx bvweGKi KGivwUi ˆfZi ˆhgb
K. ‘gvRÆvi’ A^Æ Kx? 1 `ƒiw`MG¯¦i nvIqv nvnvKvi KGi
L. ‘mgvGRi abe†w«¬i A^Æ abxi abe†w«¬|’@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 ˆZgwb ‰LvGb iGqGQ ‰KwU ˆKvgj bvixi AvkvnZ mwLbv n†`q
M. DóxcGK ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬ ewYÆZ eçbvi K^v KZUv cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ ‰LvGb iGqGQ gv Avi wcZv,
AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 fvB Avi êvb, Õ¼Rb weayi cwiRb
N. ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬ ewYÆZ AwaKviGevGai mkÕ¨ cÉKvk NGUGQ DóxcGK| Avi Zzwg Avwg, ˆ`k Avgvi|
@ g¯¦eÅ gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4 K. ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ? 1
2. e®¬y, ˆZvgvi Qvo DG«¼M, myZxÞ° Ki wPî L. ‘Zuvi wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj|’@ ˆKb? 2
evsjvi gvwU `yRÆq NuvwU eyGS wbK `ye†Æî| M. DóxcGK D«¬†Z ‘cwjgvwU’ ‰es KweZvq D«¬†Z ‘cwjgvwUi ˆmŒif’
gƒp kò‚GK nvGbv ˆmÉvZ i‚GL, Z±`ÊvGK Ki wQ®², ‰KB A^Æ enb KGi wKbv AvGjvPbv Ki| 3
‰KvMÉ ˆ`Gk kò‚iv ‰Gm nGq hvK wbwøn×| N. “DóxcKwUGZ ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvi gGZvB evOvwj
NGi ˆZvj avb weµÏex cÉvY cÉÕ§Z ivGLv KvGÕ¦, msÕ•‡wZi nvRvi eQGii BwZnvm wea†Z nGqGQ|”@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
MvI mvwi Mvb, nvwZqvGi kvb `vI AvR D`qvGÕ¦| M Ask  mncvV
K. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ ˆKvb RvZxq iPbv? 1 7. myGL ^vwKqv ‰es ˆcU fwiqv LvBqv wKQyw`Gbi gGaÅ wfLyi ˆ`Gn cƒGeÆi
L. ‘fimv nGjv, Avi `gvGZ cviGe bv’@ ˆKb? 2 Õ¼vÕ©Å wdwiqv Avwmj| Zvnvi QvwZ dzwjqv DwVj, cÉGZÅKwU Aã mçvjGb
M. DóxcGK ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ cÉeG®¬i cÉwZevGì fvlvi ˆh Šemv`†kÅ nvGZi I wcGVi gvsmGcwk bvwPqv DwVGZ jvwMj| Aei‚«¬ kwÚi DGîRbvq KÌGg
dzGU DGVGQ Zv wbGRi fvlvq ˆjL| 3 KÌGg Zvnvi ˆgRvRI D«¬Z Amwnúz nBqv cwoj| AfÅÕ¦ eywj AvIovBqv
N. DóxcKwUGZ ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’i ˆPZbv mv^ÆKfvGe cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ| KvZifvGe ˆm ‰Lb wfÞv Pvq| wK¯§ wfÞv bv cvBGj Zvnvi ˆKÌvGai mxgv ^vGK
g¯¦eÅwU wK h^v^Æ? weGkÏlY Ki| 4 bv| ˆjvKRb bv ^vwKGj Zvnvi cÉwZ D`vmxb cw^KGK AkÏxj Mvj w`qv eGm|
3. bxie fvlvq e†Þ AvgvGì mv^ÆKZvi Mvb ˆMGq ˆkvbvq| Abyf„wZi Kvb ‰K cqmvi wRwbm wKwbqv dvD bv cvBGj ˆ`vKvwbGK gvwiGZ IGV| b`xi NvGU
w`Gq ˆm Mvb ÷bGZ nGe| ZvnGj eySGZ cviv hvGe RxeGbi gvGb e†w«¬, aGgÆi ˆgGqiv ÕÏvb KwiGZ bvwgGj wfÞv Pvwnevi QGj RGji avGi wMqv ùvovq|
gvGbI ZvB| cÉK‡wZi ˆh agÆ gvbyGli ˆm agÆ; cv^ÆKÅ ˆKej Zi‚jZv I RxeR¯§i K. AvGgbv wewe ˆK? 1
e†w«¬i Ici ZvGì wbGRGì ˆKvb nvZ ˆbB, gvbyGli e†w«¬i Ici Zvi wbGRi L. gwR` wKfvGe gne»ZbMi MÉvGg wkKo ˆMGowQj? 2
nvZ iGqGQ| Avi ‰LvGbB gvbyGli ghÆv`v| gvbyGli e†w«¬ ˆKej Š`wnK bq, M. ‘wfLyi gGZv igYxG`Gni cÉwZ gwRGìI ˆjvjyc `†wÓ¡ wQj|’@ ˆZvgvi
AvwñKI| gvbylGK Avñv m†wÓ¡ KGi wbGZ nq, Zv ŠZwi cvIqv hvq bv| gGZi cGÞ hywÚ `vI| 3
K. c†wêxi cÉ^g Rv`yNi ˆKv^vq wQj? 1 N. ‘wfLy I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì wUGK ^vKvi msMÉvg ‰K wK¯§
L. Rv`yNGii cÉavb KvR Kx? 2 c«¬wZ wf®²’@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4
M. DóxcKwUi mvG^ ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ cÉeG®¬i welqMZ A‹bKÅ 8. kwbi nvIGii cvGi ˆMvUv KGqK evwo wbGq wMqvGmi MÉvg| Ni nGZ
iGqGQ| AvGjvPbv Ki| 3
N. ‘e†GÞi gGZv Rv`yNiI AvgvGìGK mv^ÆKZvi Mvb ˆkvbvq|’@ ˆZvgvi `y’cv ˆdjGZB nvIGii ÷i‚, ˆklUv ˆPvGL Av±`vR Kiv hvq bv| avb Avi
gZvgZ eÅvLÅv Ki| 4 gvQ wbGq ZvGì Rxeb| evGbi cvwbGZ avb ZwjGq ˆMGj Zviv ˆPvGL
A®¬Kvi ˆ`GL| AmyL-wemyGL Icvovi wcGii cvwb Avi ˆZj covB ZvGì
L Ask  c`Å
fimv| MZ eQi wMqvm Zvi wbtm¯¦vb Õ¨xGK wbGq knGi WvÚvi ˆ`LvGZ
4. bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq wMGqwQj| êc`ÆvfvGe Õ¨xGK WvÚvGii KvGQ wbGq hvIqvq wcGii evwoGZ
hLb kKzb ˆbGg AvGm ‰B ˆmvbvi evsjvq; WvK coj wMqvGmi| ZLb AvZGii myevm Avi AvMGii âuvqvq wci
bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq mvGnGei gyL ˆ`LvB hvwœQj bv| ˆhGbv A`†kÅ KG¥¤i ˆNvlYv nGjv wMqvmGK
hLb AvgvGì ˆ`k ˆQGq hvq `vjvGjiB AvjLvÍÏvq; MÉvg QvoGZ nGe| wcGii ˆNvlYvcò Zvi mvMGiìv Zv evÕ¦evqb Kij|
bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq|
K. ‘Õ©vby’ A^Æ Kx? 1 K. gwRGì mnGhvMx eÅwÚwUi bvg Kx? 1
L. ˆgNbv` hævMvGi welv` Abyfe KGiwQj ˆKb? 2 L. AvGgbv weweGK wKi…c kvwÕ¦ w`GqwQj gwR`? 2
M. DóxcGKi PZz^Æ cO&wÚi mvG^ ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi mÁ·KÆ M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb NUbvi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ? 3
wbYÆq Ki| 3 N. ‘DóxcGKi RbRxeb ‰es gne»ZbMi MÉvGgi RbRxeGbi wPò ‰KB
N. ‘bƒij`xb I ˆgNbv` DfGqi gGaÅ ˆ`kGcÉwgGKi wb`kÆb iGqGQ|’@ iKg|’@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY Ki| 4
weGkÏlY Ki| 4 9. iÚ SGi
5. IB ˆh ùvovGq bZwki Aw™²i gGZv euvGki ˆKÍÏv êwì cGi
gƒK mGe, ÁÏvb gyGL ˆjLv ÷ay kZ kZvõxi iÚ SivB duvwmi gGç `xcv¯¦Gi
ê`bvi Ki‚Y Kvwnbx; Õ•G®¬ hZ PvGc fvi SGiGQ mKj iÚ| ‰Lb KLvbv nvGo
ewn PGj g±`MwZ hZÞY ^vGK cÉvY Zvi@ SKSK KGi ZxeË ZxÞ° ekÆv-djv
Zvi cGi m¯¦vGbGi w`Gq hvq esk esk awi, bZzb `myÅ AvGm hw`, ˆ`k ˆ`Gev bv ZvGi
bvwn frÆGm A`†GÓ¡Gi, bvwn wbG±` ˆèZvGi, ÕÃwi, BÕ·vZ nvGo MGowQ eRÊ ewn×-R¾vjv\
gvbGeGi bvwn ˆ`q ˆ`vl, bvwn RvGb Awfgvb, K. ˆK AvÍÏvni Kvjvg QyuGq Iqv`v KGiwQj? 1
÷ay `ywU A®²LyuwU ˆKvbgGZ KÓ¡wKÑÓ¡ cÉvY L. beve wmivRDGóŒjv ˆKb wgiRvdi PKÌGK ew±` KGibwb? 2
îGL ˆ`q euvPvBqv| M. DóxcGKi ‘euvGki ˆKÍÏv’ Avi cjvkxi AvgËKvbb KZUzKz mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? 3
K. ‘Dèvwi’ A^Æ Kx? 1 N. “bZzb `myÅ AvGm hw`, ˆ`k ˆ`Gev bv ZvGi”@ DwÚwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv
L. ‘euvav nGq AvGQ ˆgvi êovàwj Rxebhvòvi|’@ ‰ K^vi ZvrchÆ Kx? 2 bvUGKi ˆ`kGcÉg AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
1. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ ˆKvb MÉ¯© ˆ^GK ˆbIqv nGqGQ? 15. ivBmyj Rynvjv PwiGòi gvaÅGg bvUÅKvi bvUGK 28. DóxcGKi ˆh w`KwU ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb
K ‰KvîGii w`bàwj L nvOi b`x ˆMÉGbW ˆh welGqi AeZviYv KGiGQb@ AvGQ’ KweZvq wea†Z nGqGQ Zv nGjv@
M Amgvµ¦ AvñRxebx N gywÚhyG«¬i BwZnvm K nvmÅim L KÑvBGgÝ K cÉK‡wZGcÉg L ˆ`kGcÉg
2. ‘nvq ZvZ DwPZ wK Ze ‰ KvR’@ ‰LvGb Kx M fveMvÁ¿xhÆ N ê`bv M ˆ`Gki cÉwZ ‰KvMÉZv N ˆ`Gki cvwL cÉxwZ
êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 16. ‘eãe®¬y Rv`yNi’ ˆKv^vq AewÕ©Z? 29. DóxcGKi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ PiY nGjv@
K wefxlGYi mnvqZv L jßGYi cÉGek K wgicyGi L kvnevGM K ‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ@ meGPGq
M KzÁ¿KGYÆi mnvqZv N ivgPG±`Êi Avæv M avbgwíGZ N eãe®¬y ‰wfwbDGZ my±ì Ki‚Y
3. cvwKÕ¦vb euvPvGZ nGj Õ•zj KGjR ˆ^GK kwn` 17. gwR` KxfvGe Zvi cÉfveGK cÉwZwÓ¤Z KGi? L ˆmLvGb MvGQi bvg : KuvVvj, Ak¼^, eU,
wgbvi nUvGZ nGe@ ‰ wbGe`bwU KGiGQ@ K AGjŒwKK ÞgZveGj Rvi‚j, wnRj
K wg´Ÿz L BmnvK L mevi mvG^ fvGjv eÅenvi KGi M KYÆdzjx aGjk¼ix c«Âv RjvãxGi ˆ`q Aweij Rj
M AGXj A^Æ cÉwZcwîi ˆRvGi N my`kÆb DGo hvq NGi Zvi A®¬Kvi m®¬Åvi
M wcÉbwmcÅvj N byi‚j ü`v
4. ‘cwjGZ MwjZ ˆng’ ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? N mKjGK A®¬wek¼vGm AvœQ®² KGi evZvGm
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 18 I 19 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 30. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i ˆjLGKi bvGgi ÷«¬ evbvb
K Kvi‚KvhÆgq cwjgvwU
ˆLvKGbi `yB eDGqi gGaÅ ˆQvU êby| msmvi Kx Zv ˆKvbwU?
L cwjgvwUi is ˆmvbvi gGZv
ˆm êvGS bv| myGhvM ˆcGj mgeqwm ev®¬exGì mvG^ K wef„wZf„lY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq
M ˆmvbv MGj RGj ˆfRv gvwU
MÍ¸ KGi| ˆnGm-ˆLGj w`b KvGU Zvi| L wefzwZfzlY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq
N MwjZ ˆmvbv ˆgkvGbv cwjgvwU M wef„ZxfzlY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 5 I 6 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 18. DóxcGKi êby ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb
PwiGòi Abyi…c? N wefzwZf„lY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq
“gvGMv Iiv eGj 31. “‰ msmvGi Þxi, mi, `y™¬, `wa, grmÅ, gvsm
mevi K^v ˆKGo ˆbGe K iwngv L Rwgjv M AvGgbv N nvmywb
19. êbyi mvG^ PwiòwUi mv`†kÅ cvIqv hvq@ mKjB ˆZvgiv LvBGe”@‰LvGb hvGìGK
ˆZvgvi ˆKvGj ÷Gq ‘ˆZvgiv’ ejv nGqGQ@
i. eqGm
MÍ¸ ÷bGZ ˆ`Ge bv|” K ˆPvi L weovj M gvbyl N AavwgÆK
ii. gvbwmKZvq
5. DóxcGKi mGã ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvi ˆKvb wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 32 I 33 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
iii. evjÅweevGn
welqwU mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? me mvaGKi eo mvaK Avgvi ˆ`Gki Pvlv
K 1952 mvGji fvlv AvG±`vjb
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
ˆ`k gvZviB gywÚKvgx ˆ`Gki ˆm ˆh Avkv|
L 1969 ‰i MY-AfzÅïvb 32. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb
20. ‘ˆK ‰wMGq AvmGe ‰Gmv, euwUi ‰K ˆKvGc Mjv DwÚwU mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?
M 1970 ‰i mvaviY wbeÆvPb
duvK KGi ˆ`Gev|’@ ‰LvGb Kx eywSGqGQ?
N 1971 ‰i gywÚhy«¬ K Pvlvi `vwi`ËÅ
K hw` ‰wMGq AvGmv ZGe gviv coGe
6. DóxcK I ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvi gƒjfvGe L avb fvwbGZ wkGei MxZ
L AekÅB `y-‰KUvGK KvUGev
cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ@ M avbÅ Zvi emy®¬iv hvi
M `y-‰KUvGK bv ˆgGi kvw¯¦ ˆbB
i. Õ¼G`kGcÉg ii. gvZ‡fvlv cÉxwZ N PvlvB mgvGRi ˆgi‚`í
N ‰wMGq bv ‰Gj Mjv KvUGev 33. ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉe®¬ I DóxcK Dfq Õ©vGb dzGU
iii. Rxeb cÉxwZ
21. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KqwU Aâ iGqGQ? DGVGQ Pvlvi@
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K wZbwU L PviwU M cuvPwU N QqwU
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K `ytL L Ae`vb M ê`bv N nZvkv
22. 1189 mGb K‡lKGbZv bƒij`xb KxGmi WvK 34. AvVvGiv eQi eqmxGì ZvRv cÉvGY ˆKgb h¯Ÿvi
7. MRvbb ‰i mwVK eÅvmevKÅ ˆKvbwU? w`GqwQGjb?
K MR I Avbb L MGRi Avbb
m†wÓ¡ nq?
K wgwQGji L weG`ËvGni K mvgvbÅ L exfrm M mnbxq N AmnÅ
M MR Avbb hvi N ˆh MR ˆm Avbb M avbKvUvi N Rbmfvi
8. DwgPuvGì KvGQ fMevGbi `v`vgkvGqi ˆPGqI eo 35. ‘Kjg RvGbv wgTv’@ gwR` KvGK ‰ cÉk² KGi?
23. ‘Zvi wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj’@ KviY wZwb K `y`y wgTv L ZvGnGii evc
Kx? wQGjb@ M ˆgv`vGe»i N LvGjK êcvix
K ÞgZv L bevex K ˆhv«¬v L KÌxZ`vm 36. gv`vg ˆjvBGmj Zvi mncvwVbxi mvG^ ˆ`Lv KGi
M evwYRÅ N ÌjZ M Awfkµ¦ N ebÅc÷ «¼viv AvKÌv¯¦ wdGi ‰Gm KGÓ¡ ^vKGZb KviY@
9. ‘cÉK‡wZi HKZvbGmÉvZ’ ejGZ êvSvGbv nGqGQ@ 24. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆkl evKÅ ˆKvbwU? i. ev®¬ex abx nIqvq
K cÉK‡wZi b†ksmZv L wewPGòi wgjb K bvdigvwb KwiI bv ii. ev®¬exi AvPiGY KÓ¡ ˆcGq
M wbi¯¦i eGq Pjv N Rjg™² cÉK‡wZ L gynGƒ ZÆi gGaÅ ˆKqvgZ nGe iii. wbGRi Avw^ÆK AeÕ©vi K^v ˆfGe
10. ‘hZ eo gyL bq ZZ eo K^v’@ evKÅwUi ggÆv^Æ M ˆLv`vi Ici ˆZvqvØj ivL wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
nGjv@ N wek¼vGmi cv^Gi ˆhb ˆLv`vB ˆm-ˆPvL K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K êwk Õ·aÆv L IRbnxb K^v wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 25 I 26 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 37. Kwei Kvw›ÞZ AÕ¨ DGîvwjZ nGj b`x nGe AviI@
M ài‚Z½nxb K^v N Ab^ÆK K^v Õ•zj wkÞK `xcKevey ævb PPÆv KGi wbGRGK mg†«¬ K êMevb L `xNÆ
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 11 I 12 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: KGi ZzGjGQb| Aciw`GK ˆm ævb wkÞv^Æxi gvGS M Dîvj N KGÍÏvwjZ
‰KmvG^ AvwQ ‰KmvG^ euvwP wewjGq w`Gq AvGjvwKZ KiGQb ZvGì Rxeb| wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 38 I 39 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
AviI ‰KmvG^ ^vKeB| 25. Õ•zj wkÞK `xcKeveyi ævb PPÆv ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ “wn±`y bv Iiv gymwjg H wRævGm ˆKvb Rb!
me weGfGì îLv gyGQ w`Gq cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb welGqi BwãZ enb KGi? Kvívix ej WzweGQ gvbyl m¯¦vb ˆgvi gvi|”
mvGgÅi Qwe AuvKeB| K Š`wnK weKvk NUvGbv 38. DóxcGK ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb gGbvfvGei
11. DóxcGK ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU L gvbevñvi cwicywÓ¡ mvab Kiv cÉwZdjb NGUGQ?
DGVGQ? M b`xi mvMGi cwZZ nIqv K msKxYÆ L agÆxq
K aGgÆi ŠelgÅ L eGYÆi ŠelgÅ N e†GÞi dzGj-dGj cwicƒYÆ nIqv M mvgÅev`x N bv±`wbK
M AmvÁ·É`vwqK fvebv N bvix cyi‚Gli ŠelgÅ 26. DóxcGKi fvGei cÉwZdjb ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ 39. DóxcGKi fvGei mvG^ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi
12. DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ Kwe ˆh aGgÆi K^v cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb f„wgKvq ˆ`Lv hvq@ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ PiY nGjv@
eGjGQb, Zv nGjv@ K AvñwbGe`Gb L cGivcKvwiZvq i. ˆhLvGb wgGkGQ wn±`y-êŒ«¬-gymwjg wKÌøvb
K Bmjvg L wn±`y M êŒ«¬ N gvbe M mwnúzZvq N cÉvwµ¦ I `vGb ii. ˆhLvGb Avwmqv ‰K nGq ˆMGQ me evav-eÅeavb
13. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvwU Kwe Avj-gvngyGì Kx 27. ‘em¯¦-e±`bv Ze KG¥¤ ÷wb-‰ ˆgvi wgbwZ’@ ‰ iii. ‰BLvGb eGm Cmv-gymv ˆcj mGZÅi cwiPq
aiGbi KweZv? wgbwZ KGi@ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K KwefÚ L Kwe K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K fvegƒjK L AvñcwiPqgƒjK
M inmÅgƒjK N mGbU RvZxq M wcÉqRb N `wLbv mgxi 40. ‘weËwUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb@ ‰ eo
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 28 I 29 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: jävi K^v’@ DwÚwU Kvi?
14. ‰KwU gvò ˆKvlwewkÓ¡ cÉvYxGK Kx ejv nq?
“cjvk XvKv ˆKvwKj WvKv Avgvi ‰ ˆ`k fvBGi; K wgiRvdi L RMrGkVr
K mixm†c L AÅvwgev
avGbi gvGV ˆXD ˆLjvGbv ‰gb ˆKv^vI bvBGi\” M ivq`yjÆf N DwgPuv`
M ‰KGKvlx N Õ¦bÅcvqx

K Ask  M`Å K. meyR WvOv KxGm fGi AvGQ? 1
1. gZjecyi MÉvGg mymwäZ Õ•zj-KGjR, nvmcvZvj, ˆLjvi gvV, ˆmvbvdjv L. “ˆmLvGb ei‚Y
dmwj Rwg-meB AvGQ wK¯§ nvmcvZvGji wPwKrmv ev Õ•zj-KGjGRi wkÞv KYÆdzjx, aGjk¼ix, c«Âv, RjvãxGi ˆ`q Rj Aweij?”@ ejGZ Kx êvS? 2
MÉnGYi RbÅ ˆh Avw^ÆK mvgG^ÆÅi cÉGqvRb Zv MÉvGgi AwaKvsk gvbyGliB ˆbB| M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ‘wegy™¬ ê`bvi kvw¯¦’ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’
dmwj Rwgi dmj IGV KGqKwU f„-Õ¼vgx cwievGii ˆMvjvq| ZvB AaÆvnvGi, KweZvi ˆKvb AbylGãi mvG^ Zzjbxq? 3
AwkÞvq Avi wPwKrmvnxbZvq gvbGeZi Rxebhvcb KGi gZjecyi MÉvGgi Avwk N. “DóxcK I ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’@ Dfq KweZvq ˆ`kGcÉgB
fvM gvbyl| evBGi ˆ^GK ˆ`LGj ˆh MÉvgGK Av`kÆ gGb nq wbweo chÆGeÞGY cÉej nGq DGVGQ cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ eYÆbvi A¯¦ivGj|”@ DwÚwU
ˆfGm IGV ˆm MÉvGgi ewçZ MÉvgevmxi Amnvq gyLœQwe| weGkÏlY Ki| 4
K. ˆPvi AGcÞv kZàGY ˆ`vlx ˆK? 1 6. cÉej ebÅvq wechÆÕ¦ nGq cGoGQ c«ÂvZxieZÆx ˆmvbvLvjx MÉvg| Lv`Å
L. “hLb wePvGi civÕ¦ nBGe ZLb MÁ¿xifvGe DcG`k cÉ`vb KwiGe|”@ msKU, îvM-eÅvwa cÉwZGivGa KvR Kivi ˆPÓ¡v KiGQ KGqKRb Zi‚Y| ZvGì
eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 mKGjiB gGb cGo ‰jvKvi wcÉq gyL cÉqvZ Mdzi mvGnGei K^v| ‰jvKvi
M. DóxcGKi ‘dmj’ ‰i mvG^ ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬i abe†w«¬i Zzjbv Ki| 3 gvbyGli ˆh ˆKvGbv wecG` mevBGK HKÅe«¬ KGi mvnwmKZvi mvG^ wec`
N. “DóxcGK ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬i AvswkK eÚeÅ cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ|”@ ˆgvKvwejvq Mdzi mvGnGei Zzjbv wQj bv| ‰LGbv ZvB cÉvK‡wZK ev gvbem†Ó¡
evKÅwUi ZvrchÆ ˆjL| 4 ˆh ˆKvGbv mgmÅv ˆgvKvwejvq Mdzi mvGne ˆcÉiYvi Drm nGq ^vGKb|
2. Awdm ˆ^GK ˆdivi cG^ ivGk` evGm `xNÆw`b ci ˆ`LGZ ˆcj K. ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvq KZ nvRvi ˆjvKvjGqi DGÍÏL AvGQ?1
ivGeqvGK| gGb coj ivGeqvi mvG^ Zvi weGq wVK nGqwQj| mgÕ¦ L. “bÓ¡ ˆÞZ, bÓ¡ gvV, b`x bÓ¡, exR bÓ¡, eo bÓ¡ hLb msmvi|”@ ejGZ
AvGqvRb mÁ·®² nIqvi ci nVvr ivGkGì evev ˆgvUv AsGKi ˆhŒZzK `vwe Kx êvS? 2
KGi eGm ˆgGqi evevi KvGQ| DœPwkwÞZ my`kÆb cyGòi RbÅ ‰Uv bvwK Zvi M. DóxcGKi Mdzi mvGnGei mvG^ ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’
bÅvhÅ `vwe| ivGeqvi evevi hG^Ó¡ mvg^ÆÅ ^vKv mGî½I wZwb ivwR nGjb bv KweZvi bƒij`xGbi Zzjbv Ki| 3
ˆhŒZzK w`GZ| ˆÞvGf AcgvGb ZrÞYvr ˆfGO ˆ`b weGq| Þzº¬ ivGeqvI N. “ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI gvbe KjÅvGYi e†nîi ˆPZbvq DóxcK I
mg^Æb KGi evevGK| weGq ˆfGO ˆMGjI ivGeqv ˆ^Gg ^vGKwb| ‰K ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZv Awf®² A^Æen|”@ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ
eÅvsKviGK weGq KGi msmvix nGqGQ| PvKwi KiGQ ‰KUv KGjGR| `vI| 4
K. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ kÁ¿zbv^ ˆmGbi ˆckv Kx wQj? 1 M Ask  mncvV
L. “fvGjv gvbyl nIqvi ˆKvGbv SêvU ˆbB”@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 7. gvwbK eG±`ÅvcvaÅvGqi ‘c«Âvb`xi gvwS’ DcbÅvGm c«ÂvcvGoi ˆRGj I
M. DóxcGKi ivGeqvi evevi mvG^ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i kÁ¿zbv^ eveyi mv`†kÅ gvwSGì Rxeb msMÉvGgi wPò dzGU DGVGQ| ZvGì ‰Kgvò AejÁ¼b, myL-
ˆKv^vq? 3 `ytGLi mv^x c«Âvb`x| Rxeb msMÉvgx ‰me ˆRGjGì gGaÅ KzGei I Zvi
N. “DóxcGKi ivGeqv ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYx PwiòGK mÁ·ƒYÆfvGe mãxGì RxebvPiY wbGq AvewZÆZ nGqGQ DcbÅvGmi Kvwnbx| ŠewPòÅnxb
aviY KGi bv”@ Õ¼xKvi Ki Kx? ˆZvgvi gGZi cGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4 ‰KGNGq ZvGì Rxeb| abéGqi ˆbŒKvq gvQ aGi, KzGei I MGYk| gvwjK
3. weËwUk kvmbvgGj bxjKi mvGneiv K‡lKGì AwMÉg UvKv (`v`b) wnGmGe abéq ˆbq AGaÆK Avi KzGei I MGYk cvq evwK AGaÆK| ‰Qvov gvGQi
cÉ`vb KGi bxj Pvl KiGZ evaÅ KiZ| bM` UvKv ˆcGq K‡lKiv wKQyw`b msLÅv Kg ˆ`wLGq abéq ZvGì VKvq| me eyGSI Zviv ˆKvGbv cÉwZev` KiGZ
Avivg AvGqGk KvUvZ| Drcvw`Z bxj hLb BsGiRiv AwZ Õ¼Í¸ gƒGjÅ wbGq cvGi bv| ‰B AeÕ©v meÆò, me ˆbŒKvq| kZ kZ ˆbŒKvq kZ kZ KzGei I
ˆhGZv ZLb Lv`Åvfve cÉKU nGq DVZ| Þzavq KvZi gvbylàGjv Avi `v`b MGYk kÉg w`Gq gvQ aGi| ‰K mgq KzGeiB Kvwnbxi cÉvYGKG±`Ê ‰Gm ùvovq|
ˆbGe bv eGj cÉwZæv KiGjI bM` UvKvi ˆjvf mvgjvGZ cviZ bv| evaÅ ˆm-B c«ÂvcvGoi mKj ˆRGj-gvwSGì cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi| ZvB “c«Âvb`xi gvwS”
nGq Zviv AÍ¸ AÍ¸ Rwg wewKÌ KiZ| KÌgk Rwg KgGZ ^vKvq Afve AviI bvgKiGYi gaÅ w`Gq JcbÅvwmK Zvi Rxeb-mZÅGKB cÉwZÓ¤v w`GqGQ|
gv^vPvov w`Gq DVZ| ‰fvGeB Zviv Afve-PGKÌi gvGS AvewZÆZ nZ| K. “giv gvbyl wR±`v nq KÅvgGb?”@ DwÚwU Kvi? 1
K. îvGKqv mvLvIqvZ ˆnvGmb KZ wLËÕ¡vGõ R¯ÃMÉnY KGiGQb? 1 L. “mævGb bv RvbGjI Zviv ‰Kvëv, c^ ZvGì ‰K|”@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
L. ‘wkGi w`Gq euvKv ZvR M. DóxcGKi abéGqi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiGòi Zzjbv Ki| 3
ˆXGK ivGL UvK’@ DwÚwUi ggÆv^Æ ˆjL| 2 N. “DcbÅvGmi bvgKiGYi w`K ˆ^GK ‘c«Âvb`xi gvwS’ ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’
M. DóxcGKi K‡lGKi mvG^ ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i Pvlvi hvwcZ-RxeGbi Awf®² ˆPZbvi Abymvix”@ gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4
KZUzKz wgj iGqGQ@ AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 8. m¯¦vbZzjÅ QvMwk÷GK Kvjx ˆèxi gw±`Gi ewj ˆÌqvq ˆkvKvZÆ
N. “DóxcK I ‘Pvlvi `yÞ’z cÉeG®¬i ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DfqGÞGò AcYÆv ivRvi KvGQ wePvicÉv^Æx nq| m¯¦vbnviv wfLvwiYxi `ytL ivRvGK
Afve wPivqZ”@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY Ki| 4 ggÆvnZ KGi| wZwb ivGRÅ c÷ewj e®¬ KGi ˆ`b| wK¯§ ivRvi ‰ AvG`k
L Ask  c`Å ˆgGb wbGZ cvGi bv ivRcyGivwnZ iNycwZ| ˆcŒiwnGZÅi `vwÁ¿KZv wbGq
4. ˆjvKvqZ wek¼vm ‰B@ ÷KGècyi MÉvGg `ƒi AZxGZ ‰K gnvcyi‚Gli weG`Ëvn ˆNvlYv KGib wZwb| ivRvi AbyR bÞòivqGK ivRÅGjvGf ek KGi
R¯Ã nGqwQj| mKj aGgÆi AbymvixivB Zuvi KvQ ˆ^GK BnGjŒwKK I ivRvGK nZÅv KiGZ ivwR Kivb| ivRv nevi Õ¼Gµ² weGfvi bÞòivqI
cviGjŒwKK gãj jvGfi w`K wbG`Ækbv ˆcGZv| gvbylB mKj ævb Avi iÚmÁ·KÆ övZ‡GcÉg fzGj wMGq ivRvGK nZÅvi lohG¯¨ ˆgGZ IGV|
cÉævi Avavi; cÉGqvRb ˆKej ˆmB gvbevñvi RvMiY@ ‰B wQj K. cjvkxi hy«¬ KZ mvGj msNwUZ nq? 1
gvbeGcÉwgK gnvcyiG‚ li mvabvi gƒjK^v| Zuvi wkÞv aviY KGi ÷KGècyi L. “weËwUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb, ‰ eo jävi K^v|”@ ˆK,
MÉvg myL-kvw¯¦-mg†w«¬i Pig wkLGi ˆcuŒGQGQ| ‰LvGb wf®² wf®² aGgÆi ˆKb eGjGQ? 2
Abymvixiv agÆfxi‚ nGjI ZvGì gGaÅ ˆbB agÆxq D¯Ãv`bv; agÆ ZvGì KvGQ M. DóxcGKi iNycwZi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi BsGiRGì mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
ˆkvlYnxb bÅvq wePviwfwîK mgvR cÉwZÓ¤vi AejÁ¼b| N. “DóxcGKi bÞòivGqi gGZv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi NGmwU êMgI
K. mKGji ˆèZvi wek¼-ˆ`Dj Kx? 1 ÞgZvGjvfx|”@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4
L. “wK¯§ ˆKb ‰ cíkÉg, gMGR nvwbQ kƒj?” «¼viv Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 9. XvKv ˆRjvi wbPz ‰jvKvi Rjvf„wgàGjv f„wg`myÅGì KeGj cGo
M. DóxcGKi ‘gvbevñvi RvMiY’ ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi ˆKvb eÚGeÅi KÌgvMZ wbwøn× nGq hvGœQ| w`Gbi ci w`b gvwU ˆdGi fivU Kiv nGœQ
cÉwZdjb? hywÚmn ˆjL| 3 Hme Rjvkq| dGj XvKvi cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ ˆhgb jyµ¦ nGœQ ˆZgwb bÓ¡
N. “DóxcGKi ÷KGècyi MÉvgwU ˆhb ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvq Kvw›ÞZ gvbe nGœQ cwiGeGki fvimvgÅ| mGPZb bvMwiK mgvR ˆRvivGjv cÉwZev`
mgvGRiB gƒZÆ i…c|”@ gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4 RvwbGq AvmGQ `xNÆw`b aGi| gvbee®¬b, AeÕ©vb agÆNUmn bvbv KgÆmƒwP
5. Avgvi cƒeÆ evsjv ‰K àœQ wÕ²™¬ cvjb KGiGQ Zviv| wK¯§ f„wg`myÅGì ZrciZv e®¬ nq bv wKQyGZB|
A®¬KvGii Zgvj K. ˆKvjKvZv ˆ^GK Zvov ˆLGq ˆWÈK `jejmn ˆKvb RvnvGR AvkÉq MÉnY KGi?1
AGbK cvZvi NwbÓ¤Zvq L. “mevB wgGj Avgiv evsjvGK wewKÌ KGi w`wœQ bv ˆZv?”@ DwÚwU ˆK,
‰KwU cÉMvp wbKzé ˆKb KGiGQ? 2
m®¬Åvi DG¯ÃGli gGZv M. DóxcGKi mGPZb bvMwiK mgvGRi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi
mGiveGii AZGji gGZv wmivRDGóŒjvi mv`†kÅ ˆ`LvI| 3
KvGjv-ˆKk ˆgGNi mçGqi gGZv N. “ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DóxcGKi f„wg`myÅGì ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
wegy™¬ ê`bvi kvw¯¦| bvUGKi BsGiRGì gGbvfve ‰K I Awf®²|”@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4
0 1 1
1. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`v ˆKvb welGqi wkÞK? 13. KvRx bRi‚j BmjvGgi cÉe®¬ MÉ¯©@ 28. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ?
K wRIMÉvwd L êvUvwb K KzGnwjKv L g†ZzÅÞzav K Õ¼ie†î L gvòve†î
M wnwÕ¡È N ˆKwgwÕ¡È M i‚`-Ë gãj N cÉjq-wkLv M AÞie†î N M`ÅQ±`
2. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ wKDGiUiGì KzKzi 14. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬ iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi b`xGK 29. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq ‘evmeweRqx’@
msMÉn bv Kivi KviY@ KxGmi cÉZxK KiGZ ˆPGqGQb? K exievü L KzÁ¿KYÆ
K AmvgvwRK AvPiY L `je«¬ AeÕ©vb K gbylÅGZ½i L ˆmŒ±`GhÆi M ˆgNbv` N wefxlY
M eyw«¬gîvi Afve N Õ¼KxqZvi Afve M MwZi N mv^ÆKZvi 30. eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvbGK KZ ZvwiGL XvKv
3. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvq fqvj NƒwYÆi 15. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ AÍ¸w`b AvGM Kvi ˆgGqUv k¼÷i ˆm´ŸÈvj ˆRGji ˆMGU wbGq hvIqv nq?
mGã ZzjÅ@ evwoGZ gGiGQ? K 27-‰ ˆdeË‚qvwi L 21-‰ ˆdeË‚qvwi
K ˆKÌva L ˆhŒeb M Õ¼µ² N Õ¼Rb K ŠKjvGki L ingvGbi M 15B ˆdeË‚qvwi N 22-‰ ˆdeË‚qvwi
4. bƒij`xb evsjvi gvbylGK WvK w`GqwQGjb@ M ˆMvKzGji N KvbvBGqi 31. ‘i‚VvRwg’ Kx?
K 1189 eãvGõ L 1971 wLËÓ¡vGõ 16. ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸ ej bvGPi w`Gb gv`vg ˆjvBGmj K wbÓ¹jv Rwg L DeÆi Rwg
M 1757 wLËÓ¡vGõ N 1400 eãvGõ wQj meGPGq@ M avwb Rwg N wbivK Rwg
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 5 I 6 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: i. my±ìx ii. myi‚wPgqx wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 32 I 33 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
b`x, gvV, K‡lK, jZv, cvwL, Mwb wgqv I AvmgvwbGK iii. nvmÅgqx ˆRÅvwZl kvÕ¨we` nibv^ emy gvbyGli AZxZ, eZÆgvb I
wbGq KÍ¸bv I Õ¼Gµ²i gvayix w`Gq wPòi…cgq KweZv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? fwelÅr `ËÓ¡v eGjB ˆmvbvcyi MÉvGgi gvbyl wek¼vm KGi|
Dcnvi w`GqGQb RmxgD`&`xb| Mwb wgqv, Avmgvwb I K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii wecG`-AvcG` îvGM-ˆkvGK ˆmvbvcyi MÉvgevmx AGbK
cÉK‡wZGK wbGqB RmxgD`&`xb wPiKvj êuGP ^vKGZ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 17 I 18 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: UvKv LiP KGi fvMÅ MYbv KwiGq nibv^ emyi wbKU
Pvb| hv Kwei KÍ¸GjvGK mÁ¿e nGjI evÕ¦Ge mÁ¿e bq| `yB e®¬y Dîg PKÌeZÆx I iZb gyLvwRÆ AwPb MuvGq ‰K giv nGZ ið cvî MÉnY KGi| MÉvGgi ivRxe wK¯§
5. DóxcGKi cÉ^g AsGki mGã ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ e†«¬GK ˆ`LGZ ˆcj| Dîg g†Z gvbylwUGK mrKvGii nibvGî ‰B AGjŒwKKZvq wek¼vm KGi bv|
KweZvi wgj@ DGóGkÅ KuvGa ZzGj wbGZB iZb RvZ-cvGZi cÉk² ZzGj 32. DóxcGKi ivRxGei mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
K wPivqvZ MÉvgevsjv L ˆPZbvi D¯Ãv`bv ev` mvaj| Dîg ejj, “givi Avevi RvZ Kx?” mv`†kÅcƒYÆ Pwiò@
M i…cgvayhÆ N mgvR msmvi 17. Dîg PKÌeZÆxi mGã ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i mv`†kÅcƒYÆ K gwR` L `y`ywgqv
6. DóxcGKi ˆkl Ask I ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq Pwiò@ M AvØvm N ZvGnGii evc
cÉKvwkZ gƒj ˆPZbv@ K LyGov gkvq L PGØvwî gkvq 33. DóxcGKi ˆmvbvcyi ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
K m†wÓ¡i Acvi Avb±` M ˆMvcvj N ÷Kzi wgqv gne»ZbMi MÉvgevmxi cÉZvwiZ nIqvi KviY@
L wewœQ®²ZvGevGai ê`bv 18. DóxcK I ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ cÉKvwkZ fve@ i. A®¬ agÆwek¼vm ii. AæZv I KzmsÕ•vi
M MÉvgxY mîvi gayiZv K D`vi gvbweKZv L RvwZGf` cÉ^v iii. A®¬ fvMÅwek¼vm
N wbmGMÆi Awb±`Å cÉKvk M wbweo Av¯¦wiKZv N kvÕ¨xq KGVviZv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
7. ‘weovj’ iPbvq AvwdGgi gwngv cÉKvkK@ 19. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq AvgvGì ˆPZbvi is@ K i L ii M iii N i, ii I iii
K wbDgvGbi MÉ¯© L KgjvKvG¯¦i `µ¦i K iÚ L K‡úP„ov M dzj N ey«¼y` 34. gwRGì fvlvq Õ¨xGjvKGì m¯¦vbvw` nq bv ˆKb?
M cvKÆvi MÉ¯© N K‡úKvG¯¦i DBj 20. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ‰ eqGm cÉvY ZxeË K gvRvGi wkiwb bv ˆÌqvq
8. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ kÁ¿zbv^ PwiGòi RbÅ cÉGhvRÅ@ Avi cÉLi|’ ejGZ êvSvGbv nGqGQ@ L c`ÆvcÉ^v bv gvbvq
i. PzjKuvPv, ˆMuvdcvKv, mycyi‚l K weG`Ëvn I RwUjZv M ˆcGU êwo covq
ii. PzcPvc, PzjKuvPv, fvlvAuvU L ZxeËZv I msGe`bkxjZv N wciGì cvwbcov bv LvIqvq
iii. mycyi‚l, PzcPvc, PzjcvKv M cÉMwZ I msMÉvgkxjZv 35. “Avnv, ˆLv`v hw` AvgvGK ˆcvjvcvBb w`Z|”@
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? N `ytmvnm I ˆÕ²nggZv K^vUv eÅ^vwe`xYÆ A¯¦Gi RvMÉZ nq@
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 21 I 22 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: i. iwngvi ii. AvGgbvi
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 9 I 10 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: MÉ¯©vMvi ævGbi wekvj fvívi| ‰Uv RvZxq BwZnvm, iii. gwRGì
ˆckvq K‡lK nGjI Rwjj ˆkL ˆmŒwLb gvbyl| wiKkv HwZnÅ I msÕ•‡wZi aviK I evnK eGj gvbyGli gbGK wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
Qvov evRvGi hvq bv| Pv LvIqviI `vi‚Y ˆbkv| evwoGZ RvwMGq ZzjGZ mvnvhÅ KGi| K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
iv®²v nGjI evRvGii ˆnvGUGj cÉvqB ˆm LvIqv-`vIqv 21. DóxcK I ‘hv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvq wgj iGqGQ 36. ‘hZ eo gyL bq ZZ eo K^v?’ msjvcwU eGjGQ@
KGi| ˆKvbw`K ˆ^GK? K njIGqj L Iqvwj Lvb
9. DóxcGKi Rwjj ˆkL PwiGò ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ K msMÉGni ŠewPGòÅ L msMÉGni mv`†GkÅ
M ˆKÑUb N wmivR
cÉeG®¬i ˆh w`KwUi wgj iGqGQ@ M Avw^ÆK gƒGjÅ N meÆRbxb cÉ`kÆGb
37. wmivRDGóŒjv bvUGK wek¼vmNvZK wnGmGe
i. wejvwmZv ii. i‚wPkxjZv 22. DóxcKwU Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvi mGã wPwn×Z@
iii. mœQjZv mv`†kÅcƒYÆ, KviY@ K ivq`yjÆf, muvGdÌ, wgiRvdi
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K `†wÓ¡b±`b I gGbvMÉvnx
L ivReÍÏf, wgiRvdi, ivBmyj Rynvjv
K i L ii M iii N i, ii I iii L m®²Åvmx I we`Åv^Æxi mvabvÕ©j
M DwgPuv`, ˆgvnbjvj, wgiRvdi
10. DóxcGKi welqeÕ§ ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬i gGZv, M mfÅZv I msÕ•‡wZi msiÞK
N ivq`yjÆf, DwgPuv`, wgiRvdi
KviY@ N wkÍ¸Kjv I b†we`Åv PPÆvGK±`Ê
K PvlvGì mfÅZvi D®²qb 23. ‘gynGƒ ZÆi A™²yÅrcvZ’ «¼viv ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq 38. wgib wmivRDGóŒjvi wei‚G«¬ ˆhme AwfGhvM
L PvlvGì AbyKiYwcÉqZv BwãZ Kiv nGqGQ@ ÷wbGqwQj@
i. evsjvi RbmvaviYGK Drcxob
M KÌgk mfÅ nIqv K 1971 mvGji gywÚhy«¬GK
ii. ìevGii c`Õ© Avwgi-DgivGì ghÆv`vnvwb
N RvwZi mgKÞ nIqv L 1952 mvGji fvlv AvG±`vjbGK
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 11 I 12 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: iii. gwZwSGji Rjmv wPiKvGji gGZv ˆfGO ˆÌqv
M BsGiRGì wei‚G«¬ evOvwji msMÉvgGK
Avwg ˆZv ‰GmwQ wZZzgxi Avi nvRx kwiqZ ˆ^GK| N w«¼Zxq wek¼hyG«¬ wnGivwkgvq êvgv elÆYGK
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
Avwg ˆZv ‰GmwQ MxZvéwj I Aw™²exYvi ˆ^GK| 24. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq ‘Dîix’ kGõi A^Æ K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
‰GmwQ evOvwj Þzwìvg Avi mƒhÆGmGbi ˆ^GK| Kx? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 39 I 40 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
‰GmwQ evOvwj Rqbyj Avi Aeb VvKzi ˆ^GK| K Kzqvkv L Dîi w`K weîkvjx AvwkK ˆPŒayix Zvi ‰Kgvò m¯¦vb Rvwgj
‰GmwQ evOvwj ivÓ¡Çfvlvi jvj ivRc^ ˆ^GK| M Pvì N kxGZi ZxeËZv ˆPŒayix I mÁ·Gì ˆ`LvGkvbvi RbÅ bvwmi wgqvGK
11. DóxcGKi ˆPZbvi mGã ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v 25. Rxebvb±` `vkGK ‘wbRÆbZg Kwe’ eGj AvLÅvwqZ cwievGii ‰KRGbi gGZvB Õ©vb ˆ`b| wK¯§ ˆPŒayix
ejwQ’ KweZvi ˆh PiGYi wgj iGqGQ@ KGiGQb@ mvGnGei g†ZzÅi cGi bvwmi wgqv mÁ·Gì ˆjvGf Nyg¯¦
K Avwg Avgvi fvGjvevmvi K^v ejwQ K iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi L ey«¬Gè emy Rvwgj ˆPŒayixGK nZÅv KGi|
L Avgiv wK Zuvi gGZv Õ¼vaxbZvi K^v ejGZ cviGev M Avey Rvdi Ievq`yÍÏvn N kvgmyi ivngvb 39. DóxcGKi bvwmi wgqvi mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’
M mkÕ¨ my±`Gii AwbevhÆ AfzÅïvb KweZv 26. ‘AvGeÕ¦v’ Kx? bvUGKi ˆh PwiGòi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ@
N Avwg Kwe ‰es KweZvi K^v ejwQ K cviGmÅi ‰KwU RvwZ K wgiRvdi L DwgPuv`
12. DóxcK I ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’ KweZvq L cviGmÅi Aw™² DcvmKGì agÆMÉ¯© M ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM N NGmwU êMg
cÉKvwkZ gƒjfve@ M ŠRbGì agÆMÉ¯© N ‰KwU Þz`Ë b†GMvÓ¤x 40. DóxcK I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi cwiYwZ@
K HwZnÅcÉxwZ I gywÚi AvKv›Þv 27. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq Kwei meÆò cÉGeGk evav nGq K Ki‚Y I h¯Ÿv`vqK
L fvGjvevmv Avi kâv AvGQ@ L AwbevhÆ I fqven
M gvbweK D«¿vmGbi Õ¼µ² K Avb±` ˆfvM L Rxebhvòv M ê`bven I bvUKxq
N KweZvi mZÅ Abyaveb M AcƒYÆZv N KgÆfvi N wbqwZcÉavb I bvUKxq

K Ask  M`Å wQj hviv wPi giY AvnZ,
1. gvZ‡GÕ²Gni Zzjbv bvB, wK¯§ AwZGÕ²n AGbK mgq Agãj Avbqb DwVqvGQ RvwM eÅ^v RvMÉZ,
KGi| ˆh ˆÕ²Gni DîvGc m¯¦vGbi cwicywÓ¡, ZvnviB AvwaGKÅ ˆm Amnvq ‘LvGj`’ Avevi awiqvGQ Awm, ‘ARyÆb’ ˆQuvGo evY|
nBqv cGo| gvZ‡n†`Gq ggZvi cÉvejÅ, gvbyl AvcbvGK nvivBqv Avcb kwÚi ˆRGMGQ fviZ awiqvGQ jvwV wn±`y-gymjgvb|
ghÆv`v eywSGZ cvGi bv|.... `yeÆj Amnvq cÞx kveGKi gGZv wPiw`b -------------------------
ˆÕ²nvwZkGhÅ AvcbvGK ˆm ‰Kv¯¦ wbfÆikxj gGb KGi| KÌGg Rbbxi cig -------------------------
mÁ·` m¯¦vb Ajm, fxi‚, `yejÆ I ciwbfÆikxj nBqv gbylÅZ½ weKvGki c^ cÉfvGZ nGe bv fvGq fvGq iY,
nBGZ `ƒGi mwiqv hvq| A®¬ gvZ‡GÕ²n ˆm K^v eyGS bv| wPwbGe kò‚, wPwbGe Õ¼Rb|
K. iex±`Êbv^ VvKzGii ˆKvb Õ©vGb emevGmi mgqwUGK ‘ˆQvUMÍ¸ iPbvi K. ˆR±`vGeÕ¦v Kx? 1
Õ¼YÆhyM’ wnGmGe weGewPZ nq? 1 L. ‘‰B n†`Gqi ˆPGq eGov ˆKvGbv gw±ì-Kvev bvB’@ cO&wÚGZ Kx ggÆv^Æ
L. KjÅvYxi ‘gvZ‡Avæv’i aib AvGjvPbv Ki| 2 cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ? 2
M. DóxcGKi ZvrchÆ AbymvGi A®¬ gvZ‡GÕ²Gni KeGj cGo ˆhi…c PwiòagÆ M. DóxcGKi LvGj` I ARyÆGbi eYÆbv cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi
weKwkZ nIqvi K^v Zvi AGbKLvwbB ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i Abycg ˆKvb ˆKvb cÉmGãi K^v gGb KwiGq ˆ`q? ˆKb? 3
PwiGò ˆ`Lv hvq|@ g¯¦eÅwU weGkÏlY Ki| 3 N. “DóxcGKi ggÆv^Æ ˆhb ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZviB gƒjmyi”@ g¯¦eÅwU ˆZvgvi
N. “DóxcGKi fvevG^Æi gGZv mxgve«¬ZvB Abycg PwiGòi ‰Kgvò w`K gZvgZmn eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
bq, e†îfvOvi Avb±Ì Zvi AvGQ”@ ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i AvGjvGK 6. elÆvq evsjvi cÉK‡wZ ˆhb wf®² ‰K i…Gci cmiv mvRvq| weGji eyGK
ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB Ki| 4 KjwgjZv, kvcjvi Abvwej ˆmŒ±`hÆ, cvbGKŒwoi jyGKvPzwi@ Kvi bv fvGjv
2. wgwQjUv ZLb ˆgwWGKGji ˆMU ˆcwiGq KvRÆb nGji KvQvKvwQ ‰Gm jvGM| wK¯§ wkÍ¸x bvRgv weGji avGi êovGZ ‰GmI ˆhb ˆKb Avbgbv nGq
ˆMGQ| wZbRb Avgiv cvkvcvwk nuvUwQjvg| ivnvZ ˆÕÏvMvb w`wœQGjv| Avi Zcyi AvGQb| ‰gwb ‰K elÆvq ˆbŒKvWzweGZ wPiZGi nvwiGq hvq Zvi ˆÕ²Gni `ywU
nvGZ wQGjv ‰KUv gÕ¦ µÏÅvKvWÆ| Zvi Ici jvjKvwjGZ ˆjLv wQGjv, ivÓ¡Çfvlv fvB-êvb| kvcjv-kvjyKfiv kvk¼Z evsjvi elÆv cÉK‡wZ ˆ`GLI AvR ZvB
evsjv PvB| wgwQjUv nvBGKvGUÆi ˆgvGo ˆcuŒQyGZ AKÕÃvr AvgvGì mvgGbi K¥¤wkÍ¸x bvRgvi KG¥¤ a»wbZ nq bv ˆKvGbv Mvb| Zvi n†`q RyGo ÷ayB welY²Zv|
ˆjvKàGjv wPrKvi KGi cvjvGZ jvMGjv PvicvGk| eÅvcviUv Kx eySevi AvGMB K. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwU cÉ^g ˆKvb cwòKvq cÉKvwkZ nq? 1
ˆPGq ˆ`wL, µÏÅvKvWÆmn gvwUGZ jywUGq cGoGQ Zcy| KcvGji wVK gvSLvbUvq L. ‘KzGnjx’ DîixZGj gvGNi m®²Åvmx’@ cO&wÚwUi ZvrchÆ AvGjvPbv Ki|2
ˆMvj ‰KUv MZÆ| Avi ˆm MZÆ w`Gq wbSÆGii gGZv iÚ SiGQ Zvi| M. “‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvi mvG^ DóxcKwUi welqMZ cÉPzi Šemv`†kÅ
K. îYyi cyGiv bvg Kx? 1 iGqGQ”@ weGkÏlY Ki| 3
L. “Avgiv Abkb fvOe bv”@ DwÚwU eywSGq `vI| 2 N. “DóxcGKi K¥¤wkÍ¸x bvRgvi mvG^ Kwe êMg mywdqv KvgvGji wkÍ¸x
M. DóxcGKi mvG^ cvVÅeBGqi ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ kxlÆK AvñRxebxgƒjK mîvi ZvrchÆcYƒ Æ wgj iGqGQ”@ DwÚwUi gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4
iPbvi cUf„wgMZ Awf®²Zv iGqGQ|@ g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB Ki| 3 M Ask  mncvV
N. DóxcGK MÍ¸K^GKi RevbxGZ ewYÆZ gnvb ‰KzGki fvlvwPòwUi mvG^ 7. DîivçjGK AGbGKB eGjb, ‘evGnigyÍÏyK’| ˆmB ‘evGnigyÍÏyGKi’ AGbK
‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ iPbvwUi K^K I Kvwnbxi wf®²ZvI iGqGQ|@ Õ©vbB wd-eQi wZÕ¦v-eËþcyGòi fqvj fvOGbi KeGj cGo| ‰B fvOb KewjZ
ˆZvgvi gZvgZmn g¯¦eÅwU hvPvB Ki| 4 M†nnxb gbmyi wgqv mcwievGi PGj hvb my`ƒi `wÞGYi «¼xcvçGj| ˆmLvGb ˆflR
3. Zzwg AvmGe eGj, ˆn Õ¼vaxbZv wPwKrmGKi ˆckvq Zuvi AÍ¸w`GbB mybvg nq| RwUj îvMxi AvMgb NUGj
mvwKbv wewei Kcvj fvOGjv; mivmwi nvmcvZvGj wMGq D®²Z wPwKrmv ˆbqvi civgkÆ ˆ`b| DcvRÆGbi cqmvq
wmuwî wmu`yi gyGQ ˆMj nwi`vmxi| w«¼cvçGj wkÞvi AvGjv QovGbvi RbÅ Õ•zj cÉwZÓ¤vi K^vI fvGeb|
Zzwg AvmGe eGj, ˆn Õ¼vaxbZv, K. ‘jvjmvjy’ KZ mvGj cÉKvwkZ nq? 1
knGii eyGK RjcvB iGOi UÅvâ ‰Gjv| L. ‘ˆLv`vi ‰GjGg eyK fGi bv Zjvq ˆcU kƒbÅ eGj’@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
`vbGei gGZv wPrKvi KiGZ KiGZ M. DóxcGKi gbmyi wgqvi weowÁ¼Z Rxeb ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi Kvi K^v
Zzwg AvmGe eGj, ˆn Õ¼vaxbZv gGb KwiGq ˆ`q? AvGjvPbv Ki| 3
Qvòvevm, ewÕ¦ DRvo nGjv| wiKGqjGjm ivBGdj N. “DóxcGKi gbmyi wgqvi D«¼vÕ§ RxeGbi mvG^ DcbÅvGmi gwR`
Avi ˆgwkbMvb LB ˆdvUvGjv hòZò| PwiGòi Šemv`†kÅB AwaK”@ gZvgZmn eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
K. ‘îBbGKvU’ MÍ¸wU ˆKvb MÍ¸MÉG¯©i A¯¦fzÆÚ? 1 8. gaÅhyGM evsjvi gymwjg bvix mgvR AGbKUvB wcwQGq wQj| wkÞv
L. ‘‰àGjv nGjv cvwKÕ¦vGbi kixGii KuvUv’@ DwÚwU eywSGq `vI| 2 MÉnGYi myGhvM ˆZv Zviv ˆcZB bv eis Pvi ˆ`qvGj ew±` Rxeb KvUvGZ
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ weGkl mgGqi fqvenZv ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i mvG^ nGZv| aGgÆi bvGg AaGgÆi êmvwZ PvjvGbv nGZv ZvGì Ici| cyi‚lZvw¯¨K
mv`†kÅhyÚ|@ g¯¦eÅwU eywSGq `vI| 3 mgvGR meÆ`vB bvixiv wQj AeGnjvi cvò| wbZv¯¦B üKzg cvjb I NiK®²Åv
N. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ wkÞK byi‚j ü`vi kvixwiK I gvbwmK cwiYwZi ˆh Qvov ZvGì Avi ˆKvb AwaKvi wQj bv|
wPò ewYÆZ nGqGQ Zvi cÉZxKx eÅébv DóxcGK ˆbB|@ g¯¦eÅwU ˆZvgvi K. MvGiv cvnvo gaycyiMo ˆ^GK KZw`Gbi c^? 1
hywÚmn weGkÏlY Ki| 4 L. gwR` KxfvGe w`Gbi ci w`b Zvi Avñwek¼vm wdGi cvq? 2
L Ask  c`Å M. “DóxcGKi ewYÆZ welqàGjv iwngvi gGaÅ we`Ågvb”@ g¯¦eÅwUi cGÞ
4. PëMÉvGgi ‰K ˆRGjcvovq nwiksKi Rj`vm R¯ÃMÉnY KGib| I wecGÞ gZvgZ `vI| 3
`vwi`ËÅcxwoZ ˆRGj RxeGbi m`mÅ nGjI Avcb cÉwZfveGj eZÆgvGb wZwb N. DóxcGKi ewYÆZ welqàGjv Qvov ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm bvix Aegvbbvi
‰KRb cÉwZwÓ¤Z K^vmvwnwZÅK I MGelK| evsjv mvwnGZÅ Abv`†Z ˆRGj Avi Kx Kx wPò cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? 4
Rxeb wbGq MÍ¸-DcbÅvm I MGelYv KGgÆi RbÅ ‰KvwaK cyiÕ•vi ˆcGqGQb| 9. 1971 mvGji 25 gvPÆ, cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbx MYnZÅv ÷i‚ KiGj
ˆRGjcvovi myweav ewçZ, AbvnviwKÑÓ¡ gvbyGli `ytL-KGÓ¡ RRÆwiZ wec®²Zvi Awemsevw`Z ˆbZv eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb 26 gvPÆ cÉ^g cÉnGi
‰K ŠewPòÅgq fvlvwPò wZwb AsKb KGiGQb Zuvi K^vmvwnGZÅ| Zuvi ˆjLbx Õ¼vaxbZvi ˆNvlYv ˆ`b| ÷i‚ nq gywÚhy«¬| ZLb cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vGbi MfbÆi wQGjb
K‡wògZvi AveiGY XvKv bq, Mfxi ggZvq wPòvwqZ wbÁ²eGYÆi mgvR RxeGbi ˆgvbvGqg Luv| evOvwj nGqI wZwb Õ¼G`k I Õ¼RvwZi mvG^ wek¼vmNvZKZv
PvjwPò evsjv mvwnGZÅi AgƒjÅ mÁ·G` cwiYZ nGqGQ| KGib| Zvi mvG^ bvbv AcZrciZvq hyÚ nq ‰ ˆ`Gki wKQy `vjvj-ˆ`vmi|
K. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU cÉ^Gg ˆKvb cwòKvq cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ? 1 ˆgvbvGqg Luv I Zvi mnGhvMx KzjvãviGì cÉZÅÞ I cGivÞ mnGhvwMZvq
L. ‘mgvGRi DœP gGç eGmwQ msKxYÆ evZvqGb’@ cO&wÚwUi ggÆv^Æ eywSGq ˆjL|2 nvbv`vi evwnbx jvL jvL ˆ`kGcÉwgK evOvwjGK nZÅv KGi|
M. DóxcGKi nwiksKi Rj`vGmi Rxeb I KgÆ “‘HKZvb’ KweZvq ewYÆZ K. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK KqwU Aâ iGqGQ? 1
‘mgvGRi DœP gGç emv’ Kwei Rxeb I KGgÆi wecixZ”@ g¯¦eÅwU L. divwmiv WvKvZ Avi BsGiRiv AwZkq mäb eÅwÚ, ˆKgb?@DwÚwUGZ
wePvi Ki| 3
N. “KvGQ ˆ^GK `ƒGi hviv ZvnvGì evYx ˆhb ÷wb” Kwe iex±`Êbv^ VvKzGii Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
‰iKg cÉZÅvwkZ mvwnZÅKgÆB ˆhb DóxcGKi nwiksKi Rj`vGmi M. DóxcGKi ˆgvbvGqg Luv ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ‰KwU ài‚Z½cYƒ Æ
iPbvi welqeÕ§|@ AwfgZwU hvPvB Ki| 4 PwiGòi K^v gGb KwiGq ˆ`q| PwiòwU Kvi ‰es ˆKb? eÅvLÅv Ki| 3
5. gv‹ft! gv‹ft ‰Zw`Gb eywS RvwMj fviZcÉvY, N. Zzwg Kx gGb Ki DóxcGK ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi welqeÕ§i cÉwZdjb
mRxe nBqv DwVqvGQ AvR kÄkvb-ˆMviÕ©vb| NGUGQ? hywÚmn eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
1. îvGKqv mvLvIqvZ ˆnvGmGbi gGZ mfÅZvi mGã 11. DóxcGKi fve ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi ˆKvb PiGYi 24. “iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©” KweZvq KqwU b`xi
`vwi`ËÅ e†w«¬i KviY Kx? mvG^ AwaK msMwZcƒY?Æ bvg DGÍÏL iGqGQ?
K ‰KGkÉwYi wejvwmZv L KzwUiwkGÍ¸i wechÆq K bvbv Kwe XvGj Mvb bvbv w`K nGZ K 5 L 6 M7 N 8
M K‡lGKi AvjmÅ N wkÞvnxbZv L mgvGRi DœP gGç eGmwQ msKxYÆ evZvqGb 25. ˆZvgvi `vwo KB wgTv?@ KvGK ejv nGqGQ?
2. fvlvkwn`Gì ‘iGÚi ey«¼y`’ ˆKvbwU? M IGMv àYx K AvØvm L ZvGni
K cjvkdzj L Kgjeb KvQ ˆ^GK `ƒGi hviv ZvnvGì evYx ˆhb ÷wb M KvGì N ajv wgTv
M eYÆgvjv N K‡úP„ov N Avgvi KweZv Rvwb Avwg 26. ‘ivBmyj Rynvjv’ ˆK?
3. “weËwUk wmsn fGq ˆjR àwUGq wbGjb@ ‰ eo ˆMGjI wewPò cG^ nq bvB ˆm meÆòMvgx K wgig`Ævb L ˆgvnbjvj
jävi K^v|”@ DwgPuvGì ‰ DwÚGZ cÉKvk 12. ‘HKZvb’-‰i Kwe DóxcGKi gvwbK eG±`ÅvcvaÅvGqi M bvivb wms N wgib
ˆcGqGQ@ gGZv mvwnwZÅGKi cÉZÅvkvq AGcÞgvY| KviY 27. AvVvGiv eQi eqm ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ?
‰uiv@ K AÞie†î L Õ¼ie†î
K nvmÅim L iãim
i. Rbev®¬e ii. Rxebev`x M M`ÅQ±` N gvòve†î
M we`Ë‚c N ™Ïvwb
4. eGi±`Ê Rv`yNi ˆKv^vq AewÕ©Z? iii. KGgÆ I gGgÆ ‰K 28. bƒij`xGbi evwo ˆKv^vq?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K iscyi L w`bvRcyi
K bIMuv L ivRkvnx
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M cçMo N VvKziMuvI
M eàov N XvKv wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 29 I 30 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
5. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i K^K ˆK? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 13 I 14 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
Avgiv `k-cGbi UvKvi wewbgGq gbylÅZ½, Õ¼vaxbZv cÉ^g hLb ˆnvGmb wgqv ˆKZzcyGi ‰GmwQj ciGb ‰KUv
K byi‚j ü`v L MÍ¸Kvi ˆQuov jywã, gv^vq ‰K SuvK i‚Þ Pzj@ Nlv w`Gj MvGq
AbvqvGm cÉfzi cvGq weKvBqv wè Zey eÅemv-evwYGRÅ
M Ave`ym mvîvi N g´Ÿz wgqv Lwo DVZ| ‰Lb ˆm AGbK mÁ·` I cÉwZcwîi gvwjK|
nvZ wè bv, wbR cvGq ùvovGZB ˆPÓ¡v Kwie bv| ‰B
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 6 I 7 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: RNbÅ `vmZ½B Avgvw`MGK ‰gb ˆQvU nxb Kwiqv 29. DóxcGKi ˆnvGmb wgqv I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi
Qvò: e†Þ ˆ^GK Avgiv Kx wkLGZ cvwi? ZzwjGZGQ| gwR` DfGqB@
wkÞK: e†Þ gvbyGli cig e®¬y I wkÞK| gvwU dzuGo 13. DóxcGKi wbR cvGq ùvovGbvi RbÅ ‘Avgvi c^’- K ˆjvfx L AvM¯§K M fí N avwgÆK
wbGRi R¯Ã ˆ^GK dzGj-dGj weKwkZ nIqv chÆ¯¦ ˆm ‰ ˆKvb w`KwUGK ài‚Z½ ˆÌqv nGqGQ? 30. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì gGZv ˆnvGmb wgqvI@
gvbylGK wkÞv w`Gq ^vGK| K Zvi‚GYÅi kwÚGZ L fívwg ˆ^GK gywÚGZ i. fvMÅvG®¼lx ii. mœQj
6. DwÚGZ ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i wbGPi ˆKvb M ivRfGq fxZ bv nIqvq iii. mdj
PiYwUi AwaKZi wgj cvIqv hvq? N wbGRGK wPGb wbR mGZÅ c^ Pjvq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K e†GÞi w`GK ZvKvGj RxeGbi ZvrchÆ 14. DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ AbymvGi AvgvGì wbGPi K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Dcjwº¬ mnR nq ˆKvbwUi Afve iGqGQ? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 31 I 32 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
L hv Zvi cÉvwµ¦ ZvB Zvi `vb K AvñwbfÆiZv L gnvcyi‚Gl fwÚ ‰wZg dvi‚KGK ivÕ¦v ˆ^GK wk÷ AeÕ©vq KzwoGq ‰Gb
M e†GÞi AâzwiZ nIqv ˆ^GK djevb nIqv M Avñwek¼vm N aGgÆi mZÅ eo KGiGQ MGYGki evev| A^P dzUej ˆLjGZ wMGq
chÆ¯¦ ˆmLvGb ˆKejB e†w«¬i BwZnvm 15. ‘ˆmvwkqvwjwÕ¡K’ kGõi A^Æ Kx? mvgvbÅ K^v KvUvKvwUi ˆRi aGi MGYkGK KzwcGq
N bxie fvlvq e†Þ AvgvGì mv^ÆKZvi Mvb K mgvRZvwî½K L ivR‹bwZK nZÅv KGi dvi‚K|
ˆMGq ˆkvbvq M mgvRZvw¯¨K N mgvRKgÆx 31. DóxcGKi gymwjg PwiòwU bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 7 I 8 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 16. ˆKvb ˆKvb b`x RjvãxGi Aweij Rj ˆ`q? cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi?
ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv `wÞY AvwdÌKvq RbMGYi RbÅ K KYÆdzjx, aGjk¼ix, hgybv K wgiRvdi L wgib
L KYÆdzjx, aGjk¼ix, ˆgNbv M ˆgvnvÁÃw` êM N beve wmivRDGóŒjv
Avg†ZzÅ jovB KGiGQb| `xNÆ 27 eQi KviveiY KGiI
ˆkvlK-ŠÕ¼ikvmGKi mGã AvGcvl KGibwb| M KYÆdzjx, aGjk¼ix, KxZÆbGLvjv 32. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb w`KwU DóxcGK
7. DóxcGK ˆZvgvi cvVÅ ˆKvb iPbvi wgj iGqGQ? N KYÆdzjx, aGjk¼ix, c«Âv
DcwÕ©Z?
17. mvjwZ Kx KvGVi ŠZwi? K ivR‹bwZK DœPvKv›Þv L eÅwÚMZ DœPvKv›Þv
K evqv®²i w`bàGjv L ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969
K Avg ev Zvj L Rvg ev kvj M mvÁ·É`vwqK gGbvfve N K‡ZN³Zv
M îBbGKvU 33. “ˆZvgvi AcivGai RbÅ bevGei `ívæv ˆkvbvGZ
N bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo M Zvj ev kvj N Mve ev Zvj
18. ‘wbKlv’ Kvi gv? ‰GmwQ|”@ ˆKvb bevGei?
8. ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv I eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb K wgiRvdi L wmivRDGóŒjv
ˆKvb w`K ˆ^GK mgv^ÆK? K ivGgi L iveGYi
M KÑvBf N wgib
i. KvivGfvGM ii. cÉwZevG` M ˆgNbvGì N wefxlGYi
[`ËÓ¡eÅ: mwVK Dîi L I N `yGUvB|] 34. “ˆLv`vi Ici ˆZvqvØj ivL|”@ ‰wU Kvi DwÚ?
iii. ˆ`kGcÉGg K LvGjK eÅvcvix L ZvGnGii evc
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 19. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ mvgvwRK cÉvYx
M gwR` N AvIqvjcyGii wci
ejGZ KvGì êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 35. “wgmwKÌGq´Ÿiv me LZg”@ ‰LvGb ‘wgmwKÌGq´Ÿ’
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 9 I 10 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: i. cvwL ii. gvbyl
iii. wcucov
ejGZ KvGì êvSvGbv nGqGQ?
“Iiv Kviv eyGbv`j ˆXvGK wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K gywÚGdŒR L cvKevwnbx
........................... K i I ii L ii M iii N ii I iii
M kvw¯¦evwnbx N wgòevwnbx
AÕ¨ nvGZ bvGg mv¯¨x Kvcyi‚l 36. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvwUi MVbixwZ ˆKvb
20. “ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i” KweZvq ‘bvwi’ kõwU «¼viv Kx ŠewkGÓ¡Åi?
ˆKvwU gvbyGli mgevqx mfÅZvi fvlv ‰iv i` KiGe êvSvGbv nGqGQ?
fvGe?” K eYÆbvñK L bvUKxq
K bvix L bv cvwi
9. DóxcGKi ‘eyGbv`j’, “ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969” KweZvq M gnvKvweÅK N ˆkvKagÆx
M bvox N bvwiGKj
KvGì cÉwZwbwa? 37. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i KjÅvYxi weGq bv Kivi KviY
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 21 I 22 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: Kx wQj?
K cvwKÕ¦vwb kvmK L cvwKÕ¦vwb nvbv`vi iwngvi Õ¼vgxi wbhÆvZb mBGZ bv ˆcGi weaev dzdz ivGnjv
M cvK miKvi N cwøgv ˆkvlK K ˆjvKjäv L Acev`
êMGgi wbKU PGj AvGm| MÉvGgi gvZe»Gii ˆQGj M wcZvi AvG`k N AvñghÆv`v
10. DóxcGK ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvi ˆh fvGei RMjyi Kz`†wÓ¡ cGo Zvi Ici| `†p cÉZÅqx ivGnjv êMg
cÉwZdjb NGUGQ@ 38. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ‘gvGQi wcGVi gGZv gvRvi’
gv-cvwLi gGZv AvMGj ivGL Abv^ iwngvGK| ejGZ i…cK AG^Æ êvSvGbv nGqGQ@
i. cvwKÕ¦vwbGì Ackvmb 21. ivGnjv êMg ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i Kvi cÉwZwbwaZ½ K gvRvGii MVb L gvRvGii inmÅgqZv
ii. nvbv`viGì eeÆiZv KiGQb? M gwRGì fívwg N Rwgjvi cÉwZev`
iii. fvlvi K¥¤GivGa evOvwj`gb K gvwm-wcwm L gvwm 39. “ˆmB AGgvN AbbÅ AÕ¨|”@ ‰LvGb ˆKvb AGÕï
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? M wcwm N AvnÐvw` K^v ejv nGqGQ?
K i L i I ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 22. DóxcKwUGZ ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb w`GKi K ˆÕ²Gni L wnsmvi
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 11 I 12 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: cÉwZdjb NGUGQ? M fvGjvevmvi N N†Yvi
gvwbK eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq cÉ^g MÍ¸ ‘AZmxgvgx’ wjGLwQGjb K bvixi KGVviZv L cyi‚Gli jvjmv 40. cƒeÆcyi‚Gli wcGV iÚRevi gGZv ÞZ wQj| KviY
Zuvi evwoi M†nKgÆxGK Pwiò KGi| ‰ici ˆ^GK Zuvi M cYcÉ^v N RxweKvi msMÉvg wZwb@
mvwnGZÅ mgvGRi mKj Õ¦Gii gvbyGli DcÕ©vcb ˆ`Lv 23. gv`vg ˆdviwÕ¡qvGii ˆbKGjmwUi `vg KZ? K KÌxZ`vm wQGjb L wkKvwi wQGjb
hvq| ˆRGj, kÉwgK, ˆhgwb Zuvi mvwnGZÅi Pwiò, K wZbk dÌuv L Pvik dÌvu M c÷i «¼viv AvKÌv¯¦ nGqwQGjb
ˆZgwb mgvGRi DuPz ˆkÉwYi PwiòI iGqGQ| M cuvPk dÌuv N Qqk dÌuv N AGÕï AvNvZcÉvµ¦ nGqwQGjb

K Ask  M`Å K. fxj Kx? 1
1. mgvRcwZGì PvGc cGo ˆkl chÆ¯¦ ˆmŒ`vwgbx cÉKvk KiGZ evaÅ nq L. ‘Mvwn mvGgÅi Mvb’ ejGZ Kwe Kx eywSGqGQb? 2
ˆh, Zvi cvwjZcyò nwi`vm bgkƒ`Ë bq, ˆm gymjgvGbi JimRvZ| nwi`vmI M. DóxcGKi mGã ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi fvebvi Zzjbv Ki| 3
wbwøZ nq ˆmŒ`vwgbx gvGjv Zvi gv bq| Avi ‰ K^v ˆRGbB ˆm wbi‚wóÓ¡ N. “‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi AmÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbv DóxcGKi ‘NGi’ weivR
nq| dGj AwPGiB Zvi gwÕ¦Ó• weK‡wZ NGU| mgvGRi PvGc ˆmŒ`vwgbxi KGi|”@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv hvPvB Ki| 4
gvZ‡n†`Gqi ewj NGU eGU, ZGe Zvi n†`Gqi nvnvKvi AvKvGk evZvGm a»wbZ 6. ‘ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv Zzwg’ msMÉvgx ˆPZbv DäxweZ Kivi MvGbi ‰KwU Kwj|
nGZ ^vGK| Zvi `xNÆk¼vGm DœPwKZ nq@ gvZ‡n†`Gqi KvGQ agÆ, A^Æ mKjB MvbwUi jÞÅ wKse`w¯¦i bvqK ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv, whwb `wÞY AvwdÌKvi KvGjv
ZzœQ| ‰fvGeB Rq nq gvbweK mÁ·GKÆi| gvbyGli gywÚi cÉZxK| wZwb mvgËvRÅev`, eYÆev`, ŠelgÅ Avi wbcxob weGivax
K. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ ˆjLK eywoGK cÉ^g ˆKv^vq ˆ`GLwQGjb? 1 AvG±`vjGbi ‰K jovKz ŠmwbK| `wÞY AvwdÌKvi ˆk¼Zvã kvmK mÁ·É`vq MY
L. “Ii ˆÕ²nvZzi Avñv eü`ƒi ˆ^GK Avgvq Avn»vb KGi ‰GbGQ|”@ gvbyGli AvG±`vjbGK bmÅvr KiGZ ZvGK ˆRGj cvVvq wK¯§ RbZvi msMÉvg ˆ^Gg
eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 ^vGKwb| KvGjvGì ‘Õ¼µ² Pzigvi’ I AwaKvi jyw¥¤Z nIqvi iÚvÚ cÉwZevG`
M. DóxcGKi ˆmŒ`vwgbx gvGjv ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i Kvi mGã Zzjbxq? ZvGì ˆPvGLi mvgGb ˆfGm IGV ˆKej gÅvG´£jvi Qwe| mgMÉ weGk¼i kvw¯¦Kvgx
AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 gvbyGli PvGc ‰K mgGq wZwb KviMvi nGZ gywÚjvf KGib| AvwdÌKvi gvbyGli
N. “DóxcK I ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ AcZÅ ˆÕ²Gni wbKU mvÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbv fvjevmv Avi ggZ½GevGa wZwb wPi Agi nGq AvGQb|
civwRZ nGqGQ|”@ AvGjvPbv Ki| 4 K. bƒij`xGbi evwo ˆKv^vq? 1
2. ‘c«ÂivM’ DcbÅvGmi cÉavb Pwiò wmwóKv| eÅvwiÕ¡vi jwZd L. ‘cvnvwo XGji gGZv ˆbGg ‰Gm mgÕ¦ fvmvq’,@ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
AvjgvGmi mGã Zvi weGqi K^v cvKv nq| jwdGZi PvPvi wQj mÁ·Gì M. DóxcGKi ‘Õ¼µ² Pzigvi’, ‘AwaKvi jyw¥¤Z I ‘iÚvÚ cÉwZev`’ cÉmã
ˆjvf wK¯§ wmwóKvi eo fvB ˆmvGjgvb Zvi êvbGK mÁ·wî wjGL w`GZ ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvi ˆKvb ˆKvb welGqi mGã
AcviMZv cÉKvk KGi| ZvB PvPv jwZd AvjgvmGK AbÅ ‰K weîkvjx mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? ZzGj ai| 3
weaevi KbÅvi mGã weGq ˆ`b| AGbK NUbv-`yNÆUbvi ci wmwóKvi mGã N. “DóxcGKi ˆbjmb gÅvG´£jv I ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’
jwZGdi hLb ˆ`Lv nq ZLb wecðxK jwZd wmwóKvGK cybivq weGqi KweZvi bƒij`xb `yRGbB msMÉvgx RbZvi kvk¼Z gywÚi cÉZxK|”@
cÉÕ¦ve ˆ`q| wmwóKv mewKQy Rvbvi ci jwZdGK Þgv KGi wK¯§ msmvi h^v^ÆZv wbi…cY Ki| 4
Kivi cÉÕ¦ve wdwiGq ˆ`q| KviY ZZw`Gb ˆm bvix gywÚi jGÞÅ wewf®² M Ask  mncvV
KvhÆKÌGg RwoZ nGq RxeGbi DGókÅGK e`Gj ˆdGjGQ| 7. iZbcyi MÉvGgi ˆZvZv wgqv AGbKUv mnR mij cÉK‡wZi| wcZvi
K. AbycGgi wcZvi ˆckv Kx wQj? 1 îGL hvIqv RwgRgv iÞv ‰es mgvGRi cÉ^vMZ gvZe»wi Kivi `vwqZ½
L. ‘Vvëv ˆZv AvcwbB Kwiqv mvwiqvGQb’@ eywSGq `vI| 2 ZvGKB cvjb KiGZ nq| ‰ KvGR ˆm PZzi ˆKve»v` ˆgÁ¼vGii mnGhvwMZv
M. DóxcGKi PvPvi mGã ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiòwU Zzjbxq?@ ˆbq| iZbcyi MÉvGgi ˆjvGKiv ‰Lb ˆgÁ¼viGKB fq cvq| gvZe»i ejGZ
AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 Zviv ˆgÁ¼viGKB êvGS, cÉGqvRGb Zviv ˆgÁ¼vGii civgkÆ MÉnY KGi| ‰K
N. “ˆcÉÞvcU wf®² nGjI DóxcK I ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i gƒj jÞÅ mgq ˆgÁ¼vGii KzcivgGkÆ ˆZvZv wgqv Zvi AGbK wcÉq emZevwo I
‰KB|”@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4 evMvbevwo ˆgÁ¼vGii wbKU weKÌq KGi Amnvq nGq cGo|
3. “Zi‚ZGj eGm cv¯© kÉvw¯¦ KGi `ƒi K. Kvi DwÚwU `yB w`GK KvGU? 1
dj AvÕ¼v`Gb cvq Avb±` cÉPzi| L. “eÅvcviUv ˆNvov wWwOGq Nvm LvIqvi gGZv|”@ eywSGq `vI| 2
we`vGqi KvGj nvGZ Wvj ˆfGO jq, M. DóxcGKi ˆKve»v` ˆgÁ¼vGii mvG^ gwR` PwiGòi wgj I Awgj ˆ`LvI| 3
Zi‚ Zey AKvZi, wKQy bvwn Kq| N. “DóxcGKi ˆZvZv wgqv ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvix
`yjÆf gvbe R¯Ã ˆcGqGQv hLb `yRGbiB cwiYwZ ê`bven|”@ wePvi Ki| 4
Zi‚i Av`kÆ Ki RxeGb MÉnY 8. AeÕ©vc®² K‡lK Rwgi Dwób Zvi ˆQGjGK WvÚvi evbvGbvi BœQvq
civG^Æ Avcb myL w`Gq wemRÆb knGi coGZ cvVvq| ˆkl chÆ¯¦ Zvi ˆQGj dvnv` WvÚvwi cvm KGi evevi
ZzwgI nIGMv abÅ Zi‚i gZb|” Avkv cƒiY KGi| dvnvGì BœQv MÉvGgi Amnvq, `yÕ© îvMxGì wPwKrmv ˆmev
K. mvabvi eÅvcvGi eo wRwbm Kx? 1 w`Gq myÕ© KGi ˆZvjv ‰es ZvweR KeR, Svo dzuK cÉf‡wZ A®¬wek¼vm,
L. ‘AbeiZ âGq Pjv gvbyGli mvabv nIqv DwPZ bq’@ eywSGq `vI| 2 KzmsÕ•vi nGZ MÉvgevmxGK gyÚ Kiv| MÉvGgi gmwRGì Bgvg dGZn Avjx
M. DóxcGKi mGã ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉe®¬wU KxfvGe mvgémcƒYÆ? 3 wK¯§ eÅvcviUv wVK cQ±` KGib bv| dvnvGì evevI Pvb bv ˆQGj MÉvGg
N. “‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬ weKvk I `vGbi K^v ewYÆZ nGjI DóxcGK emevm Ki‚K| ZGe Wvt dvnv` ˆh ˆKvGbv gƒGjÅ Zvi BœQv cƒiGY `†p cÉZÅqx|
÷ayB ZÅvGMi gwngv KxZÆb Kiv nGqGQ|”@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4 K. ZvGni KvG`Gii ˆQvU fvB Kx nGZ Pvq? 1
L Ask  c`Å L. “‰Lb ˆm SGoi gyGL DGo Pjv cvZv bq, mœQjZvq wkKo Mvov
4. Acyi ˆKgb gGb nq wbwøw±`cyGii ˆmB AcƒeÆ gvqvi…c ‰LvbKvi e†Þ|”@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
wKQyGZB bvB| ˆKv^vq ˆm wbweo cywÓ·Z QvwZg eb, WvGj WvGj ˆmvbvi M. DóxcGKi dvnv` PwiGòi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb Pwiò
wmu`yi QovGbv m®¬Åv? AvR KZw`b ˆm wbwøw±`cyi ˆ`GL bvB@ wZb ermi! KxfvGe Zzjbxq? 3
KZ Kvj! ˆm RvGb wbwøw±`cyi ZvnvGK w`Gb-ivGZ memgq WvGK| N. “DóxcGKi dGZn Avjx ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwR` PwiòGK AvswkK
euvkebUv WvK ˆ`q, ˆèx wekvjvÞx WvK ˆ`b| ‰Zw`Gb ZvnvGì ˆmLvGb aviY KiGZ ˆcGiGQ|”@ ˆZvgvi gZ cÉKvk Ki| 4
BQvgwZGZ elÆvi Xj bvwgqvGQ| ˆSvGc ˆSvGc bvUv KuvUv, ebKjgxi dzj 9. gaygwZ b`xGZ ˆRGM DGVGQ PvG±ì Pi| cwjgq DeÆi ˆm f„wg|
awiqvGQ| eb AcivwRZvi bxj dzGj eGbi gv^v QvIqv| ˆ`LGj ˆh KvGiviB ˆPvL UvUvq| g¯§ wgqvI ‰i evBGi bq| wK¯§ ‰jvKvi
K. Rxebvb±` `vGki gvGqi bvg Kx? 1 cÉej cÉZvckvjx Rwg`vGii mGã joGe ˆK? g¯§ wgqv ZvB ˆMvcGb nvZ
L. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ@ meGPGq my±ì Ki‚Y’@ K^vwUi ˆgjvq Rwg`vGii ævwZ fvB MRbex ˆPŒayixi mGã| Zvi mnvqZvq g¯§
ZvrchÆ Kx? 2 wgqv ‰es Zvi jvwVqvj evwnbx PiwU `Lj KGi ˆbq| ‰evi g¯§ wgqvi bZzb
M. DóxcGKi Acyi cÉK‡wZ ˆcÉGgi mGã ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ PGii `vwqZ½ ˆbIqvi cvjv| ˆm MRbex ˆPŒayixi DcwÕ©wZ I ˆ`vqv Qvov
KweZvi mv`†kÅ cvIqv hvq wK?@ AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 PvG±ì PGii `vwqZ½ MÉnY KiGZ AcviMZv cÉKvk KGi| ‰fvGeB b`xi
N. “DóxcGKi A¯¦jÆxb ˆ`kGcÉg ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvqI eyGK ˆRGM IVv bZzb Pi wPiKvGji RbÅ Rwg`vGii nvZQvov nGq hvq|
dzGU DGVGQ|”@ g¯¦eÅwUi h^v^ÆZv hvPvB Ki| 4 K. wmivRDGóŒjvi k¼÷Gii bvg Kx? 1
5. “nvGZi KvGQ hvGi cvI L. “Avgvi bvwjk AvR Avgvi wbGRi wei‚G«¬|”@ eywSGq `vI| 2
(ZvGi) XvKv-w`wÍÏ LyuRGZ hvI M. DóxcGKi g¯§ wgqvi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdi PwiGòi
ˆKvb AbymvGi| Zzjbv Ki| 3
‰gwb eyw«¬nxb nwj gbGi ZzB ‰ msmvGi N. “DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ê`bven cwiYwZi Lí wPò|”@
NGii gGaÅ ‰ NiLvbv AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
NGi ˆK weivR KGi|”
0 1 1
1. “i‚VvRwg” Kx? 15. ‘bƒij`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvq bƒij`xb 29. iex±`Êbv^ ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq Kvi ‘evYx-jvwM’ Kvb
K avwb Rwg L DeÆiv Rwg KvGì ˆRGM IVvi Avkvq WvK w`Geb? ˆcGZ AvGQb?
M wbÓ¹jv Rwg N wbivK Rwg K mvaviY gvbyl L kÉgRxex gvbyl K bexb Kwei L ALÅvZRGbi Kwei
2. nvmywbi gvGK eyGov êaoK cÉnvi KGi ˆKb? M AfvMv gvbyl N msMÉvgx gvbyl M RxebwegyL Kwei N weLÅvZ Kwei
K mxgvj›Nb Kivq wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 16 I 17 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 30 I 31 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
L AvG`k AgvbÅ Kivq nVvr `vIqv ˆ^GK QyGU ‰Gm gynƒGZÆ nvwjgvi PzGji ˆMvQvUv aij “ˆKvivGb cyivGY wkGÍ¸, cvjv-cveÆGYi XvGK ˆXvGj
M NGii K^v evBGi ejvq Aveyj| Zvici ˆKvGbv wP¯¦v bv KGi mGRvGi ‰KUv jvw^ ewmGq AvDj evDj bvGP; cyYÅvGni mvbvB iwéZ
N gwRGì evwoGZ hvIqvq w`j Ii ZjGcGU| Dn&! gvGMv eGj ˆcUUv ˆPGc aGi gvwUGZ îvóyGi AvKvkZGj ˆ`L Kviv nvGU hvq,
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 3 I 4 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: eGm coj nvwjgv| ..... gvGV NvGU kÉgmãx bvbvRvwZ aGgÆi emwZ
AvdRvj wgqvi Õ¨x nvwjgv cici wZbwU KbÅv m¯¦vb R¯Ã 16. DóxcGKi AveyGji mGã ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆh PwiGòi wPiw`b evsjvG`k @”
ˆ`q| cyò m¯¦vb jvGfi Avkvq LÅvwZgvb wci RybvB` Avjx mv`†kÅ iGqGQ@ 30. DóxcGKi cÉ^g AsGki mGã ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi wgj
KzZzekvnxi ìevGi Mgb KGi| wci KzZzekvnx ‰K êvZj K ŠKGjk L Rà iGqGQ@
M gvwm-wcwm N KvbvB-ˆMvKzj K AmvÁ·É`vwqKZvq L ˆcÉGgi euvaGb
‘cov cvwb’ w`Gq eGjb ˆh, ‰B ‘cov cvwb’ ˆLGq Zvi hw`
cyò-m¯¦vb bv nq ZGe eySGZ nGe ˆm cvcx| nvwjgv h^vixwZ 17. DóxcGKi mGã ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸i ˆh w`KwU msMwZcƒYÆ@ M n†`q aGgÆ N AZxZ BwZnvGm
K bvixi msMÉvgx gGbvfve 31. DóxcK I ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZvi Aw®¼Ó¡@
PZz^Æ KbÅvi R¯Ã ˆ`q ‰es Õ¼vgxi îvlvbGj cGo|
L bvixi wbhÆvwZZ i…c K agÆkvÕ¨ Abykxjb L gvbeZvi RqMvb
3. DóxcGKi nvwjgvi mGã ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb
M mgvGRi wjã ŠelgÅ M cviGjŒwKK gywÚ N eÕ§ev`x `kÆb
PwiGòi mv`†kÅ iGqGQ?
N kvk¼Z gvZ‡GZ½i gwngv 32. ‘evi‚Yx’ KvGK ejv nGqGQ?
K Zvbywewe L iwngv
18. wef„wZf„lY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvGqi ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ ˆh welqwU K k›Lgvjv L RGji ˆèx
M AvGgbv wewe N Rwgjv
dzGU DGVGQ@ M wekvjvÞx N aGjk¼ix
4. DóxcK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm cÉKvwkZ fve@ K evOvwji RxebNwbÓ¤ w`K
i. A®¬wek¼vm ii. agÆxq ˆMuvovwg 33. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwei gb welY²Zvq AvœQ®²
L `vwi`ËÅcxwoZ gvbyGli RxebwPò
iii. wci cÉ^v ˆh KviGY@
M bMi I MÉvgxY RxeGbi «¼±«¼
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K KwefGÚi D`vmxbZvq
N D`vi gvbweK ˆPZbv
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii L wcÉqRb nvivGbvi ˆkvGK
19. mÅvwUb Kx?
5. wmKv±`vi AveyRvdi ˆKvb mvwnZÅ cwòKvi mÁ·v`K M emG¯¦i AvwefÆvGe N cÉK‡wZi wewPò mvGR
K ivRKxq cÉvmv` L gm†Y îkwg eÕ¨
wQGjb? wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 34 I 35 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
M wLËÓ¡vbagÆxq cÉZxK N wgkbvwiGì Avevm
K behyM L mgKvj 20. Rv`yNi ‰KUv kwÚkvjx @ msMVb| “Õ¼µ² bq@ kvw¯¦ bq
M meyRcò N jvãj K mvgvwRK L mvsÕ•‡wZK
fvGjvevmv bq
6. ‘wmivGRi cZb ˆK bv Pvq?’@ msjvcwU Kvi? M RvZxq N HwZnvwmK
n†`Gqi gvGS ‰K êva R¯Ã jq
K ivq`yjf Æ L wgiRvdi 21. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ Avjv`vfvGe cÉvYnxb ejv Avwg ZvGi cvwi bv ‰ovGZ|”
M DwgPuv` N NGmwU êMg hvq ˆh cÉvYxGK? 34. DóxcGKi fvGei mGã ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi ˆKvb
7. beve wmivR ivRavbxGZ wdGi AvmGZ ˆPGqGQb ˆKb? K fvBivm L eÅvKGUwiqv
PiGYi wgj cvIqv hvq?
K wbR cÉvY euvPvGZ L hy«¬ Rq wbwøZ ˆfGe K msmvi mgvR agÆ ZzœQ nGq hvGe ˆjvKvjq
M wcucov N mvc
M cybivq msMwVZ nGZ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 22 I 23 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: L Avgvi ˆPZbv ˆhb ‰KwU mv`v mwZÅKvi cvwL
N civRq AcwinvhÆ eGj “ˆgviv ‰KwU dzjGK euvPvGev eGj hy«¬ Kwi M hLwb Dä¾j nq Avgvi ‰ ˆPZbvi gwY
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 8 I 9 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: ˆgviv ‰KwU gyGLi nvwmi RbÅ AÕ¨ awi|” N eGm AvGQ meyR AiGYÅ ‰K P±`Gbi WvGj
1971 mvGji gywÚhyG«¬ ivRvKvi I Avjeìiv ˆMvcGb 22. DóxcGK ‘ˆgviv’ kõwU ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb 35. DóxcK I ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ
cvwKÕ¦vwb evwnbxGK mnvqZv KGi ‰es evOvwj RvwZi wei‚G«¬ PwiòGK cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? PiYwUGZ AbyiwYZ nq@
K byi‚j ü`v L wg´Ÿz i. cÉK‡wZ fvebv ii. inmÅgqZv
lohG¯¨ wjµ¦ nq| ZvGì mnvqZvq cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx
M wcÉw´Öcvj N AvKei mvwR` iii. wewœQ®²ZvGeva
evsjvG`Gk eyw«¬Rxex nZÅvi bxj bKkv cÉYqb KGi|
8. DóxcGKi ivRvKvi I AvjeìGì mvG^ 23. DóxcGKi fvevbylã ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆh w`KwUGK wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
cÉwZdwjZ KGi@ K i I ii L ii I iii
‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi mv`†kÅcƒYÆ Pwiò@
K mvefvwmÆi AÅvKwUwfwUR M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K DwgPuv`, wgiRvdi, ivReÍÏf
L ivq`yjf Æ , NGmwU êMg, muvGdÌ L ˆ`kGcÉg 36. ‘wePwjZ ˆÕ²n’ ejGZ ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’
M DwgPuv`, RnrGkV, ˆgvnbjvj M a»smhæ I MYnZÅv N gvbeZvGeva KweZvq Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ?
24. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ iPbvq Kviv cÉK‡wZi ˆKvGbv i. AvcbRGbi DrK¥¤v ii. fvGjvevmv Avi kâv
N NGmwU êMg, ivReÍÏf, bvivb wms
ÞwZ KGi bv? iii. wedj ˆÕ²n
9. DóxcK ‰es ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi gƒj welq@
K gvbyl L WvBGbvmi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K civaxbZv L Õ¼v^ÆciZv
M cvwL N wcucov K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M wek¼vmNvZKZv N ClÆvKvZiZv
10. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq ‘Avevi mvjvg bvGg 25. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ KjÅvYxGK AvkxeÆv` KiGZ hvq@ 37. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvwU ˆKvb QG±` iwPZ?
K nwik L gvgv M weby N gv K Õ¼ie†î L M`ÅQ±`
ivRcG^’@ ˆKb?
26. “AbÅvq I AZÅvPvGii wei‚G«¬ cÉwZev` KGi hw` giGZ M AÞie†î N gvòve†î
K fvlv msMÉvGg ˆhvM w`GZ
cvwi, ˆm givGZI kvw¯¦ AvGQ|”@ ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 38 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
L RvwZMZ `vãv cÉwZGiva KiGZ
iPbvi DwÚwUGZ ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi ˆh gGbvfve “ˆLvKv NygvGjv cvov RyovGjv
M MYRvMiGY ˆhvM w`GZ
cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ@ ewMÆ ‰j ˆ`Gk
N NvZGKi AvÕ¦vbv a»sm KiGZ
i. ˆ`kGcÉg ii. fvlvcÉxwZ eyjeywjGZ avb ˆLGqGQ
11. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq Kwe Avnmvb nvexGei cÉZÅvkv@ iii. AvñmgcÆY LvRbv wè wKGm|”
K RvZÅwfgvGbi civRq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 38. DóxcGKi ‘ewMÆi mGã iGÚ ‘Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’
L ˆkvlYgyÚ mgvR cÉwZÓ¤v K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii KweZvi ˆh welqwU Zzjbxq@
M c†wêxGZ fvGjvevmv eÅvµ¦ Kiv wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 27 I 28 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K MYgvbe L gy™¬ giY
N c†wêxGZ AvwacGZÅi webvk MÉ¯©vMvi ævGbi wekvj fvívi| ‰Uv RvZxq BwZnvm, HwZnÅ M cÉvGYi RvnvR N bi `vbe
12. ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬ gvRÆviGK ‘cwZZ Avñv’ ejvi KviY@ I msÕ•‡wZi aviK I evnK eGj gvbyGli gbGK RvwMGq wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 39 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
K Þz`ËvG^Æ L bxwZwei‚«¬ êvSvGZ ZzjGZ mvnvhÅ KGi| “evsjvG`k-a»sm-KvGeÅ RvGb bv ˆcuŒQj Rvnv®²vGg ‰ RG¯ÃB’
M eÅãvG^Æ N `y`ÆkvMÉÕ¦ êvSvGZ 27. DóxcK I ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvi wgj iGqGQ ˆKvb evsjvG`k Ab¯¦ AÞZ gƒwZÆ RvGM\”
13. ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq ‘iGÞviw^’ ˆK? w`K ˆ^GK? 39. DóxcK I iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvi ggÆevYx@
K jÞY L ˆgNbv` K msMÉGni ŠewPGòÅ L msMÉGni mv`†GkÅ K RvwZmîvi AwÕ¦Z½ L Avengvb evsjvG`k
M KzÁ¿KYÆ N wefxlY M Avw^ÆK gƒGjÅ N meÆRbxb cÉ`kÆGb M evsjvG`Gki e±`bv N weG`wkGì AvMÉvmb
14. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬ ‘ZGcveb ˆcÉwgK iex±`Êbv^’ 28. DóxcKwU ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’ iPbvi mGã mv`†kÅcƒYÆ, 40. iwngv fq cvq@
ejGZ hv êvSvGbv nGqGQ@ KviY@ i. ˆLv`vGK ii. gvRviGK
K AiYÅ I e†GÞi e±`bv K `†wÓ¡b±`b I gGbvMÉvnx iii. gwR`GK
L b`x I e†GÞi Zzjbv L m®²Åvmx I we`Åv^Æxi mvabvÕ©j wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
M e†GÞi ê`bv Dcjwº¬ M mfÅZv I msÕ•‡wZi msiÞK K i L ii
N RxeGbi Mƒpv^Æ m®¬vb N wkÍ¸Kjv I b†Zî½ PPÆv ˆK±`Ê M iii N i, ii I iii

K Ask  M`Å M. DóxcGKi w«¼Zxq PiGYi fvebvi mGã ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi wgj ˆ`LvI|3
1. wkÞvi jÞÅ nGœQ ævbPPÆv I gbylÅGZ½i weKvk mvab| wK¯§ eZÆgvGb N. “HKZvb’ KweZvi ggÆevYx DóxcGK LyuGR cvIqv mÁ¿e|”@ g¯¦eÅwU
wkÞvi jGÞÅ ˆcuŒQvGbvi RbÅ wkÞv^ÆxGì ˆjLvcovi AvMÉn Kg| wePvi Ki| 4
AvñwbfÆikxj nIqvi RbÅ Zviv wbGRGì ˆhvMÅ KGi MGo ˆZvGj bv| ZvB 6. “A¯¦nxb wgwQGji ˆ`k,
Avñ cÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ ZvGì LyuwUi ˆRvGii AvkÉq wbGZ nq| dGj ævbvRÆGbi mvwi mvwi gvbyGli AvKvGi nGj gƒwZÆgqx
Avb±` ˆ^GK Zviv `ƒGi mGi cGo| ‰fvGe Zviv wbGRGì Ici AvÕ©v mgÕ¦ Õ¼G`k AvR ivOv ivRcG^|
nvwiGq ˆdGj| cwiYwZGZ ZvGì gGaÅ R¯Ã ˆbq nZvkv I ciwbfÆikxjZv| wèvGjvK nGq ˆdvGU cÉvéj weµÏe
K. ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ ‘Avgvi c^’ AvgvGK Kx ˆ`LvGe? 1 mvZ ˆKvwU gyL nvGm g†ZzÅi iwOb Zxi nvGZ wbGq|
L. ‘AvàGbi mÁÃvRÆbv’ ejGZ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2 ˆkÉwYe«¬ ‰B wfGo mKGjB mevi AvGM
M. DóxcGKi mGã ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i wgjmgƒn wPwn×Z Ki| 3 ‰Kevi kò‚GK ˆkl ˆ`Lv ˆ`GL wbGZ Pvq|”
N. “wbGRi wek¼vm Avi mZÅGK cÉKvk KiGZ bv RvbGj ŠZwi nq ciwbfÆiZv”@ K. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq Kwe ‘Kgj eb’GK KxGmi cÉZxKi…Gc eÅenvi
DóxcK I ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉe®¬ AejÁ¼Gb g¯¦eÅwU wePvi Ki| 4 KGiGQb? 1
2. mgvRcwZGì PvGc cGo ˆkl chÆ¯¦ ˆmŒ`vwgbx cÉKvk KiGZ evaÅ nq L. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq ‘NvZGKi A÷f AvÕ¦vbv’ ejGZ Kwe Kx
ˆh, Zvi cvwjZcyò nwi`vm bgkƒ`Ë bq, ˆm gymjgvGbi JimRvZ| nwi`vmI eywSGqGQb? 2
wbwøZ nq ˆmŒ`vwgbx gvGjv Zvi gv bq| Avi ‰ K^v ˆRGbB ˆm wbi‚wóÓ¡ nq| M. DóxcKwU ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvi ˆh w`KwUGK AvGjvKcvZ KGi Zv
ˆmŒ`vwgbxi gvZ‡GZ½i Aemvb nq| dGj AwPGiB Zvi gwÕ¦Ó• weK‡wZ NGU| ZzGj ai| 3
mgvGRi PvGc ˆmŒ`vwgbxi gvZ‡n†`Gqi ewj NGU eGU, ZGe Zvi n†`Gqi N. “DóxcK ‰es ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZv gvbyGli Õ¼ZtÕ¹„ZÆ msMÉvgx
nvnvKvi AvKvGk evZvGm a»wbZ nGZ ^vGK| Zvi `xNÆk¼vGm DœPwKZ nq@ ˆPZbvi ‰K AmvaviY wkÍ¸ fvlÅ|”@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4
gvZ‡n†`Gqi KvGQ agÆ, A^Æ mKjB ZzœQ| ‰fvGeB Rq nq gvbweK mÁ·GKÆi| M Ask  mncvV
K. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ ˆjLK eywoGK cÉ^g ˆKv^vq ˆ`GLwQGjb? 1 7. `wi`Ë evjK meyGRi wZb KzGj ˆKD ˆbB| ˆcGUi `vGq jçNvGU
L. “Ii ˆÕ²nvZzi Avñv eü`ƒi ˆ^GK Avgvq Avn»vb KGi ‰GbGQ|”@ wMGq cuvP UvKvi wewbgGq ‰KRGbi eÅvM gv^vq wbGZB cyGivGbv Kzwjiv
eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 ZvGK avØv ˆgGi ˆdGj ˆ`q| meyR `Gg bv wMGq ˆmLvGb ˆkKo Mvovi
M. DóxcGKi ˆmŒ`vwgbx gvGjv ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i Kvi mGã Zzjbxq? ˆPÓ¡v KGi| ‰Kmgq ˆm KzwjGì m`Ævi nq| ZvGZI ˆm wbwø¯¦ nGZ cvGi
AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 bv| wekvj ‰ `ywbqvq ˆm A^Æweî ARÆGbi cvkvcvwk cÉfve, cÉwZcwî I
N. “DóxcK I ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ AcZÅ ˆÕ²Gni wbKU mvÁ·É`vwqK ˆPZbv AvwacGZÅi ˆbkvq ˆgGZ IGV| cieZÆxGZ Zvi me nq| ‰Lb Avi ˆKD
civwRZ nGqGQ|”@ wePvi Ki| 4 ZvGK avØv w`Gq ˆdGj w`GZ cvGi bv|
3. “Zi‚ZGj eGm cv¯© kÉvw¯¦ KGi `ƒi K. iwngvi ˆcGU KqwU cuÅvP? 1
dj AvÕ¼v`Gb cvq Avb±` cÉPzi| L. ‘ˆhb wekvj mƒGhÆv`q nGqGQ, Avi ˆm AvGjvq cÉ`xGci AvGjv wbwøn×
we`vGqi KvGj nvGZ Wvj ˆfGO jq, nGq ˆMGQ|’@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
Zi‚ Zey AKvZi, wKQy bvwn Kq| M. DóxcGKi meyR ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gwRGì mGã KxfvGe
`yjÆf gvbe R¯Ã ˆcGqGQv hLb mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?@ AvGjvPbv Ki| 3
Zi‚i Av`kÆ Ki RxeGb MÉnY N. “DóxcK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi gvbyGli AwÕ¦Z½ msKU ‰es Zv nGZ
civG^Æ Avcb myL w`Gq wemRÆb DîiGYi cÉqvm cwijwÞZ nq|”@ wePvi Ki| 4
ZzwgI nIGMv abÅ Zi‚i gZb|” 8. iZbcyi MÉvGgi ˆZvZv wgqv AGbKUv mnR mij cÉK‡wZi| wcZvi
K. mvabvi eÅvcvGi eo wRwbm Kx? 1 îGL hvIqvi RwgRgv iÞv ‰es mgvGRi cÉ^vMZ gvZe»wi Kivi `vwqZ½
L. ‘AbeiZ âGq Pjv gvbyGli mvabv nIqv DwPZ bq’@ eywSGq `vI| 2 ZvGKB cvjb KiGZ nq| ‰ KvGR ˆm PZzi ˆKve»v` ˆgÁ¼vGii mnGhvwMZv
M. DóxcGKi mGã ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉe®¬wU KxfvGe mvgémÅcƒYÆ? 3 ˆbq| iZbcyi MÉvGgi ˆjvGKiv ‰Lb ˆgÁ¼viGKB fq cvq| gvZe»i ejGZ
N. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬ weKvk I `vGbi K^v ewYÆZ nGjI DóxcGK ÷ayB Zviv ˆgÁ¼viGKB êvGS, cÉGqvRGb Zviv ˆgÁ¼vGii civgkÆ MÉnY KGi| ‰K
ZÅvGMi gwngv KxZÆb Kiv nGqGQ|@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4 mgq ˆgÁ¼vGii KzcivgGkÆ ˆZvZv wgqv Zvi AGbK wcÉq emZevwo I
L Ask  c`Å evMvbevwo ˆgÁ¼vGii wbKU weKÌq KGi Amnvq nGq cGo|
4. Õ¼vaxbZvi AMÉbvqK eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvGbi ˆbZ‡GZ½ mvov K. Kvi DwÚwU `yB w`GK KvGU? 1
w`Gq gywÚhyG«¬ SuvwcGq cGo ‰ ˆ`Gki Avcvgi RbZv| gywÚhyG«¬i exi L. ‘eÅvcviUv ˆNvov wWwOGq Nvm LvIqvi gGZv|’@ eywSGq `vI| 2
ˆmbvbxGì ˆkŒhÆ, exhÆ, mvnwmKZv, KZÆeÅwbÓ¤v, ˆ`kGcÉg I ZÅvGMi wewbgGq M. DóxcGKi ˆKve»v` ˆgÁ¼vGii mvG^ gwR` PwiGòi wgj I Awgj ˆ`LvI| 3
Avgiv ˆcGqwQ Õ¼vaxbZv| gywÚhyG«¬ knx` exi ˆhv«¬viv RxeGbi wewbgGq N. “DóxcGKi ˆZvZv wgqv ‰es ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi LvGjK eÅvcvix
AvgvGì w`Gq ˆMGjb jvj meyGRi cZvKv| `yRGbiB cwiYwZ ê`bven|”@ wePvi Ki| 4
K. jßGYi gvGqi bvg Kx? 1 9. gaygwZ b`xGZ ˆRGM DGVGQ PvG±ì Pi| cwjgq DeÆi ˆm f„wg|
L. ‘cÉdzÍÏ KgGj KxUevm?’ eywSGq `vI| 2 ˆ`LGj ˆh KvGiviB ˆPvL UvUvq| g¯§ wgqvI ‰i evBGi bq| wK¯§ ‰jvKvi
M. DóxcGKi gywÚGhv«¬vGì ˆKvb ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ cÉej cÉZvckvjx Rwg`vGii mGã joGe ˆK? g¯§ wgqv ZvB ˆMvcGb nvZ
KweZvq ˆgNbvGì PwiGòi mGã Zzjbxq? AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 ˆgjvq Rwg`vGii ævwZ fvB MRbex ˆPŒayixi mGã| Zvi mnvqZvq g¯§
N. ‘ˆ`kGcÉg cÉK‡Z exGii agÆ’@ DóxcK I ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ wgqv ‰es Zvi jvwVqvj evwnbx PiwU `Lj KGi ˆbq| ‰evi g¯§ wgqvi bZzb
KweZv AbymiGY weGkÏlY Ki| 4 PGii `vwqZ½ ˆbIqvi cvjv| ˆm MRbex ˆPŒayixi DcwÕ©wZ I ˆ`vqv Qvov
5. “AvñZî½ wePvi Ki ˆ`wL IGi gb-cvLx PvG±ì PGii `vwqZ½ MÉnY KiGZ AcviMZv cÉKvk KGi| ‰fvGeB b`xi
Zzwg wK cGo cwíZ nGqQ, ˆZvgvi Õ¼ieYÆ AvGQ evwK eyGK ˆRGM IVv bZzb Pi wPiKvGji RbÅ Rwg`vGii nvZQvov nGq hvq|
AvñZî½ Õ¼ieYÆ, ˆm ˆZv bq î mvgvbÅ, K. wmivRDGóŒjvi k¼÷Gii bvg Kx? 1
ciZî½ eÅébeYÆ djvGZ MYÅ, L. ‘Avgvi bvwjk AvR Avgvi wbGRi wei‚G«¬|’@ eywSGq `vI| 2
ˆm ˆh Õ¼i wf®² bq, M. DóxcGKi g¯§ wgqvi mGã ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi wgiRvdi PwiGòi
Õ¼i nGZ nq `yGqGZ gvLvgvwL\” Zzjbv Ki| 3
K. ‘HKZvb’ ˆKvb KveÅMÉG¯©i A¯¦MÆZ? 1 N. “DóxcKwU ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ê`bven cwiYwZ Lí wPò|”@
L. ‘K‡wòg cGYÅ eÅ^Æ nq MvGbi cmiv|’@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
evsjv (AvewkÅK) cÉ^g cò welq ˆKvW: 1
0 1
1. ‘‰KwU Dä¾j Rvbvjvi K^v ejwQ’@ ‰LvGb wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 15 I 16 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 26. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸i bvgKiGYi ˆÞGò ˆKvb welqwU
Dä¾j Rvbvjv’ KxGmi cÉZxK? Rwg`vi Kv¯¦ ivGqi g†ZzÅi ci ‰Kgvò cyò nxiK ivq AwaK ài‚Z½ ˆcGqGQ?
K Õ¼vaxbZvi mƒhÆ L ævGbi cƒYÆ weKvk Rwg`vwi jvf KGib| nxiK ivq eqGm Zi‚Y I mij K NUbv L Pwiò M welqeÕ§ N fveeÕ§
M wP¯¦vi Õ¼vaxbZv N gyÚ RxeGbi cÉZÅvkv cÉK‡wZi gvbyl| mijZvi myGhvM wbGq KvKv Zcb ivq wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 27 I 28 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
2. ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ ˆKvb welqwU AwaK eÅébvgq AgvZÅGì wbGq Mfxi lohG¯¨ wjµ¦ nq| Ûi ˆcGq bqbcyi MÉvGgi f„wgnxb I Þz`Ë K‡lKiv cƒGeÆ ‰KGejv
nGq DGVGQ? nxiK ivq KGVvi nGÕ¦ ˆm loh¯¨ `gb KGib| gvGV KvR KiZ, ‰KGejv wiKkv PvjvZ| ‰Lb Zviv
K ˆMwijv AvKÌgY 15. nxiK ivGqi AgvZÅGì mvG^ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ ‰K êjv AGUvwKkv Pvjvq, AvGiK êjv PvGqi
L nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbcxob bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi wgj AvGQ? ˆ`vKvGb Avìv ˆ`q| ZvGì evwnÅK AvPiY ˆ`GL
M byi‚j ü`vi ˆ`kGcÉg K jWÆ KÑvBf L wgig`Ævb D®²Z gGb nGjI MÉvGgi mvgwMÉK A^Æ‹bwZK AeÕ©v
N ivRvKviGì ˆ`ŒivñÅ M ivq`yjÆf N NGmwU êMg cƒGeÆi gGZvB ˆkvPbxq iGq ˆMGQ| MÉvgÅ gvZe»i
3. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸i wkÍ¸ixwZi ŠewkÓ¡Å 16. nxiK ivq KZ‡ÆK loh¯¨ `gb ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ Re»vi wgqv welqwU mevBGK eySvGjb|
nGœQ, ‰wU@ bvUGKi ˆKvb NUbvGK ÕÃiY KwiGq ˆ`q? 27. DóxcGKi AGUvwiKkv Pvjbvi mvG^ ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’
i. ŠeævwbK KÍ¸Kvwnwb ii. bvUÅagÆx cÉeG®¬i KxGmi Zzjbv Kiv hvq?
i. wmivGRi KjKvZv Awfhvb
iii. cwinvmgƒjK K îkg wkÍ¸ L cvUKj kÉwgK
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? ii. NGmwU êMGgi bRiew±`
M KvMRKj kÉwgK N jeY wkÍ¸
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii iii. ˆKvÁ·vwbi wei‚G«¬ hy«¬ ˆNvlYv
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 28. DóxcGKi Re»vi wgqv ‘Pvlvi `yÞz’ cÉeG®¬i ˆKvb
4. ˆKvb b`xi cwjGZ ‘MwjGZ ˆng’ AvGQ? PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi?
K c«Âv L ˆgNbv M myigv N KYÆdzjx K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K gnvñv Mv®¬x L wPîiéb
5. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ˆkl chÆ¯¦ Jä¾jÅ jvf KGiGQ@ 17. ˆXov eyov Kvi K^vq weöv¯¦ nq? M gIjvbv fvmvbx N ‰ ˆK dRjyj nK
K gvwm-wcwmi eyw«¬`xµ¦ cÉwZGiva K gwR` L LvGjK eÅvcvix
29. PveÆvK wQGjb ‰KRb@
L AvnÐvwì Rxeb msMÉvg M eywo N nvmywbi gv K agÆhvRK L `vkÆwbK
M gvwm-wcwmi gaÅKvi HKÅ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 18 I 19 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: M gnvexi N chÆUK
N KjÅvYxi cÉwZ Rài AvKlÆY `xNÆw`b wbGLuvR ^vKvi ci ZvRy MÉvGg wdGi eo ivÕ¦vi 30. ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvq Kwei
6. ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvq cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ Kwei@ ˆZuZzj MvQwUi wbGP AvÕ¦vbv MGo ˆZvGj| Zvi gv^vq ˆ`kGcÉg cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@
i. `vkÆwbK wP¯¦v ii. AvñcwiPq RU, jvj jvj ˆPvL| ˆm wbGRGK AGjŒwKK cyi‚l eGj K HwZnÅ ˆPZbvq L wbmMÆ eYÆbvq
iii. wewœQ®²ZvGeva cwiPq ˆ`q| MÉvGgi mij wek¼vmx gƒLÆ ˆjvGKiv Zvi M ˆ`Ëvn ˆPZbvq N gvbeGcÉGg
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? KvGQ wPwKrmv ˆbq| AÍ¸w`Gbi gGaÅ mÁ·G` Avi 31. ‘Kwnj ˆm KvGQ mGi Avwm’@ cGii cO&wÚ ˆKvbwU?
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii cÉfvGe ZvRy dzGj-ˆduGc IGV| Zvi KvGR mnvqK nq K KzGnjx Dîix ZGj gvGNi m®²Åvmx
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 7 I 8 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: cÉfvekvjx MÉvgÅ Zi‚Y RyjwdKvi| Zvi fGq ZvRyi L evZvwe ˆjeyi dzj dzGUGQ wK
wmGjGUi ‰KwU Pv-evMvGbi kÉwgKiv bvbvfvGe ewçZ fívwgi cÉwZev` ˆKD KGi bv| M bvB nGjv, bv ˆnvK ‰evGi
nGjI cÉwZev` Kivi mvnm cvq bv| ‰Kw`b NƒwYÆSo 18. DóxcGKi RyjwdKvi ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb N ÷wb bvB, ivwLwb m®¬vb
IVvi Avkâv ˆRGbI gvwjK ZvGì KvR KiGZ evaÅ PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi? 32. RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRi‚j BmjvGgi g†ZzÅ wèm
KGi| SGoi mvG^ msMÉvg KGi kÉwgKiv cÉvGY êuGP K AvØvm L LvGjK eÅvcvix ˆKvbwU?
hvq| ‰ici Zviv cÉwZev`x nGq IGV| SGoi KvQ M gvZjye Luv N gwR` K 25 ŠekvL L 11 ŠRÓ¤Å
ˆ^GK Zviv cÉwZevGì fvlv ˆkGL| 19. ‘jvjmvjy’i gwR` PwiGòi ˆh w`KwU ZvRy PwiGò M 22 kÉveY N 12 fv`Ë
7. DóxcGKi ‘So’ ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvi ˆh Õ·Ó¡ bq, ZvnGjv@ 33. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq AÕ¨ Kx?
NUbvi BwãZ KGi, wbGPi ˆKvbwU ˆmB NUbvi K AwÕ¦Z½Kvgx L wjweGWv K gƒjÅGeva L msMÉvg
mvG^ mÁ·wKÆZ? M cwikÉg N fvGjvevmv
M `vwi`ËÅ N aƒZÆZv
K KGbÆj AvZvDj Mwb Imgvbx wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 34 I 35 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
L Avmv`yävgvb-gwZDi
20. gbxlx ‰wiÕ¡Uj bvUGKi KqwU HGKÅi K^v
eGjGQb? eoGjvK Avñxq evwoGZ hvIqvi RbÅ Zvnwg` e®¬yi
M mvjvg-eiKZ N knx`yÍÏvn Kvqmvi
K wZb L Pvi M cuvP N Qq `vwg ˆgvUimvBGKj avi KGi ˆbq| ivGZ MvwowU Pzwi
8. kÉwgKGì cÉwZev`x ˆPZbv ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ nGq hvq| ˆm welqwU e®¬yGK RvbvGj e®¬y eGj, ‘Kx
KweZvi ˆKvb NUbvi BwãZ KGi? 21. ‘ˆgI’ kõ ÷Gb KgjvKvG¯¦i cÉ^g Kx gGb cGowQj?
K cÉmG®²i îGL hvIqv `yGai K^v Avi Kivi| hv nevi ˆm ˆZv nGqGQ|’
K mvZPwÍÏGki ˆ`kwefvM L fvlv AvG±`vjb
L IGqwjsUGbi weovjZ½ jvf 34. DóxcGKi Zvnwg` ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb
M Qq`dv AvG±`vjb
M IqvUvijy hyG«¬ ˆbGcvwjqGbi civRq PwiGòi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi?
N EbmîGii MY-AfzÅïvb
N ˆPvGii `íweavb Kiv KZÆeÅ K gvwZj`v L ˆjvBGmj
9. AvnÐvw`GK iÞvi RbÅ gvwm-wcwmi cÉGPÓ¡vq ZvGì M ˆdviwÕ¡qvi N gÅvGWvbv
PwiGòi ˆh w`KwU cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ Zv nGjv@ 22. ‘gnvg¯¨-eGj h^v bgËwkit dYx
gwjbe`b jvGR, Dîwijv i^x’@ ‰LvGb i^x ˆK? 35. DóxcGKi Zzjbvq ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i cwimgvwµ¦
K `vqe«¬Zv ˆ^GK gywÚ L msMÉvgkxjZv
M gvbweKZv N AwÕ¦Z½ iÞv K ivg L jßY
AwaK@
K bvUKxq L Õ¼vfvweK
10. e†GÞi w`GK ZvKvGj RxeGbi ZvrchÆ Dcjwº¬ M ˆgNbv` N wefxlY
M cÉZÅvwkZ N AvKlÆYxq
mnR nq, KviY@ 23. ˆKvb NUbvGK ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸i kxlÆgynƒZÆ ejv hvq?
K e†Þ nGjv mv^ÆKZvi cÉZxK
36. wbGPi ˆKvbwUGZ AvVvGiv eQi eqGmi BwZevPK
K îjMvwoGZ KjÅvYxi mvG^ AbycGgi mvÞvr
L e†GÞi `vGb ˆKvGbv Õ¼v^Æ ˆbB
w`GKi cÉwZdjb NGUGQ?
L KjÅvYx KZ‡ÆK weevn cÉÕ¦ve cÉZÅvLÅvb
K ‰ eqGm KvGb AvGm KZ g¯Ÿv
M e†Þ ˆ^GK bvbv Jla ŠZwi nq M kÁ¿zbv^ KZ‡ÆK KbÅv-mÁ·É`vGb AmÁÃwZ L ‰ eqm KuvGc ê`bvq ^Giv^Giv
N e†Þ b`xi gGZvB engvb N AbycGgi gnvmgvGivGn weevn hvòv
11. ˆ`Gk ˆ`Gk wciGì mdi ÷i‚ nq KLb? M muGc AvñvGK kcGî ˆKvjvnGj
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 24 I 25 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: N `yGhÆvGM nvj wVKgGZv ivLv fvi
K avGbi ˆgŒmyGg L `ywfÆGÞi mgq nvmvb mvGne `xNÆ 12 eQi ci MÉvGg wdGi Zuvi Mwie
M MvGqwe wbG`Æk ˆcGj
37. Kwe Avey Rvdi Ievq`yÍÏvni gGZ KweZv nGjv@
AvñxqGì evwoGZ ˆMGjb| Zuvi `vwg Mvwo, `vwg i. mkÕ¨ my±`Gii AwbevhÆ AfzÅïvb
N gywi`Gì Avn»vb ˆcGj ˆcvkvK Avi AvPiYMZ cwieZÆb ˆ`GL Avñxqiv mgvì
12. wmKv±`vi Avey Rvdi ˆKvb cwòKv mÁ·v`bv ii. gvGqi ˆKvGj ÷Gq MÍ¸ ˆkvbv
KGib? Kivi mvnmB ˆcj bv| wZwb nZvk nGq knGi wdiGjb| iii. KwlÆZ Rwgi cÉwZwU kmÅ`vbv
24. nvmvb mvGnGei Mwie Avñxqiv ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K Kvwj-Kjg L Š`wbK evsjv
M gvwmK mgKvj N gvwmK ˆgvnvÁÃ`x
hvGì mvG^ Zzjbxq, Zviv@ K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
13. ‘Zzwg Kg mvwcbx bI’@ NGmwU êMGgi ‰B i. msmvGii AwZ Þz`Ë AsGk evm KGi 38. RvwZi RbK eãe®¬y ˆkL gywReyi ingvb KZ
DwÚGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ ii. myGL-`ytGL bxie ^vGK mvGj ‘Amgvµ¦ AvñRxebx’ iPbv KGib?
K wnsmv L N†Yv iii. wewPò I cÉmvwiZ RxeGbi AwaKvix K 1965 L 1967 M 1952 N 1955
M weG`Ëvn N cÉwZGkva wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 39. RwZZvwî½K Rv`yNi evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb knGi
14. LvGjK eÅvcvixi PvwiwòK ŠewkÓ¡Å nGjv, ˆm@ K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii AewÕ©Z?
i. `yeÆjwPî 25. nvmvb mvGnGei gGZv ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi Kwei K PëMÉvg L XvKv M ivRkvnx N eàov
ii. agÆfxi‚ iii. eÅwÚZ½nxb AZ‡wµ¦i KviY Kx? 40. ‘bƒij`xGbi mvivRxeb’ Kx aiGbi iPbv?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K mvgvwRK AeÕ©vb L `xNÆ weGœQ` K KveÅ bvUK L MxwZKveÅ
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii M `vwi`ËÅ I AwkÞv N AnsKvi I msKxYÆZv M bvUÅKveÅ N Mv^vKveÅ

K Ask  M`Å K. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvwU iex±`Êbv^ VvKzGii ˆKvb KveÅMÉG¯©i A¯¦MÆZ? 1
1. AvwRR wek¼we`ÅvjGqi mgvRKjÅvY wefvGMi ‰g‰ KÑvGmi Qvò| L. ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq Kwe ævGbi `xbZv Abyfe KGiGQb ˆKb? 2
mgvGRi KjÅvY KiGZ ˆm cQ±` KGi| ‰Kevi Zvi ‰jvKvq eÅvcK ebÅv M. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi Kx Šemv`†kÅ AvGQ ˆjL| 3
ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| MÉvGgi eÅvcK ÞqÞwZ nq| Lv`Å Avi wPwKrmvi AfvGe N. “DóxcK I ‘HKZvb’ KweZvq wbKUGK `ƒGi I `ƒiGK wbKU Kivi
mvaviY gvbyl bvbv iKg `yGfÆvGM cGo| mvaviY gvbyGli KGÓ¡ AvwRGRi gGbvfve cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ|”@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
cÉvY ˆKuG` DGV| gvbyGli ‰gb cwiYwZ ˆm ˆgGb wbGZ cvGiwb| ZvB ˆm 6. evsjvi wbmMÆ cÉK‡wZ ‰i gvV-NvU, gvbyl AZzjbxq ‰es weGkl
e®¬yGì wbGq ebÅvZÆ gvbyGli cvGk ‰Gm ùvovq| AvGe`bgq| ˆh Rb ‰B wbmMÆ cÉK‡wZ ˆ^GK bMGii Avn»vGb ˆmLvGb Õ©vqx
K. gvRÆvi kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 emwZ MGob, ZvGKI Zvi ‰K KvGji cwÍÏ cÉK‡wZ evievi AvKlÆY KGi;
L. ‘cGivcKviB cig agÆ’@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 loFZz Zvi gGb AvGeGMi isaby ˆZvGj| ‰i kvk¼Z KviY nGjv, gvbyl
M. DóxcGKi AvwRGRi cGivcKvGii gvGS ‘weovj’ iPbvq cÉwZdwjZ Õ¼fveZB Zvi wbR f„Ggi cÉwZ FYx|
w`KwU eÅvLÅv Ki| 3 K. evi‚Yx ˆK? 1
N. DóxcKwUi fvGei mvG^ ‘weovj’ iPbvi AvswkK w`K cÉwZdwjZ L. m®¬Åvi evZvGm NGi ˆdivi gaÅ w`Gq Kwe Kx êvSvGZ ˆPGqGQb? 2
nGqGQ|@ AvGjvPbv Ki| 4 M. DóxcGKi fvGei mvG^ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ KweZvi fvGei
2. mv`†kÅ KZUzKz Zv eÅvLÅv Ki| 3
N. “cÉK‡wZi wPò DcÕ©vcGb DóxcGKi mvG^@ Rxebvb±` `vk mgvb
cviãg|” DwÚwU eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
M Ask  mncvV
7. cjvkcyi ‰KwU ARcvov Muv| cvovi êwkifvM ˆjvKB AwkwÞZ,
agÆv®¬ I KzmsÕ•vivœQ®²| ˆmB MÉvGgi ˆQGj AbxK knGii KGjGR cGo|
MÉvGgi AwkwÞZ gvbylGK wkwÞZ KGi ZzjGZ ˆm MÉvGg ‰KUv Õ•zj KiGZ
K. bxie fvlvi e†Þ AvgvGì Kx ˆkvbvq? 1 Pvq| MÉvGg mfv emGj gvZe»i Rwjj gíj I fícxi QvGe` Avjx MÉvGg
L. gvbyGli e†w«¬ ˆKej Š`wnK bq, AvwñKI eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 ˆKvivb wkÞvi RbÅ gÚe MoGZ Pvq| AbxK ‰i cÉwZev` KiGj ZvGK MÉvg
M. DóxcGKi MvGQi mGã ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉe®¬wU KZUzKz mv`†kÅcƒYÆ Qvov Kiv nq|
AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 K. ‘ˆZvgvi `vwo KB wgTv?’@ DwÚwU ˆK KGiwQj? 1
N. “DóxcGKi wPò ‰es ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉeG®¬i eÚeÅ ‰KB mƒGò Muv^v”@ L. ‘‰Lb ˆm SGoi gyGL DGo Pjv cvZv bq, mœQjZvq wkKoMvov e†Þ’@
K^vwU weGkÏlY KGi ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 DwÚwU eywSGq ˆjL| 2
3. m¯¦vbGK iÞv KiGZ wbGRi eyGK àwj chÆ¯¦ ˆLGjb wjwc gíj| M. DóxcGKi AbxGKi DGóGkÅi mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvGmi
‰iciI ˆkl iÞv nGjv bv| Qq eQGii wk÷ cyò civM gíjGK w`b `ycyGi DGóGkÅi Kx wgj cvIqv hvq? @ ˆjL| 3
AcniY KGi wbGq ˆMj `ye†Æîiv| wk÷wUi ‰LGbv ˆKvGbv ˆLuvR ˆbB| ‰ N. “DóxcGKi AbxK I ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi AvØvm DfGqi DGókÅ gnr
aiGbi ‰KwU NUbv ZLbB NGU hLb AvBbk†›Ljvi Pig AebwZ NGU| nGjI A®¬ agÆ wek¼vGmi KvGQ Zviv gv^v bZ KGiGQ|”@ DwÚwU
AvBbk†›Ljvi AebwZGZ RbgGb DG«¼M I DrK¥¤vi R¯Ã w`GqGQ| eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
K. Kvi RbÅ byi‚j ü`vGK ZUÕ© ^vKGZ nq? 1 8. IqvR Kwievi mgq cxi mvGnGei cÉvqB Rhev AvwmZ| ˆm Rh&evGK
L. byi‚j ü`vi Õ¨x ˆKb evwo cvÎŸvGbvi RbÅ nGbÅ nGq ˆjGM ˆMGjb? 2 gywi`MY ‘dvbvwdÍÏvn&’ ewjZ| ˆmB ‘dvbvwdÍÏvn&’i mgq cxi mvGne ‘R¾wjqv
M. DóxcGKi wjwc gíGji mvG^ ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i ˆKvb PwiGòi mv`†kÅ ˆMjvg’, ‘cywoqv ˆMjvg’ ewjqv wPrKvi Kwiqv wPr nBqv ÷Bqv cwoGZb|
AvGQ? AvGjvPbv Ki| 3 ...... ZvB Rh&evi mgq ‰KLí KvGjv gLgGji Kvco w`qv cxi mvGnGei
N. “DóxcGKi m¯¦vbnviv wjwc gíj ˆhb ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i byi‚j ü`viB ˆPvGL gyL XvwKqv w`qv Zvnvi nvZ-cv wUwcqv wèvi IwmqZ wQj|
cÉwZwbwaZ½ KGi|”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv Ki| 4 K. AvIqvjcyi I gne»ZbMGii gvS cG^ ‰KUv gÕ¦ Kx MvQ AvGQ? 1
L Ask  c`Å L. gwR` cxi mvGneGK kqZvb AvLÅv w`j ˆKb? 2
4. “Õ¼agÆ hw` àYnxbI nq M. DóxcGKi cxi mvGnGei mvG^ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiGòi
Zey Zv Dîgi…Gc AbywÓ¤Z ciaGgÆi ˆPGq ˆkÉq; mv`†kÅ AvGQ Zv wbYÆq Ki| 3
Õ¼aGgÆ wbabI fvGjv, wK¯§ ciagÆ fqven|” N. “DóxcGK ewYÆZ cxi mvGne ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm ewYÆZ gwRGìB
K. “wbàÆY Õ¼Rb ˆkÉqt, cit cit m`v!” DwÚwU Kvi? 1 cÉwZœQwe|”@ weGkÏlY Ki| 4
L. àYevb ciRb AGcÞv wbàÆY Õ¼Rb ˆkÉq ˆKb? 2 9. 1971 mvGj evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv hyG«¬i mgq I ˆ`Gki wKQy
M. DóxcGKi eÚGeÅi mvG^ ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi eÚGeÅi Kx Õ¼v^ÆvG®¼lx gvbyl cvKnvbv`vi evwnbxi mvG^ ˆhvM w`Gq ˆ`Gki cÉPzi ÞqÞwZ
wgj cvIqv hvq wjL| 3 KGiGQ| ZvGì ‰KRb ˆmvenvb gy´Öx| gvbeZvweGivax AcivGa Zvi
N. “DóxcGKi gƒjfve ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ ˆgNbv`’ KweZvi gƒjfve ‰KmƒGò wei‚G«¬ gvgjv nq| gvgjvi mvÞx `wei eGjb, ‰B ˆmvenvb gy´ÖxB
Muv^v|” DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv gƒjÅvqb Ki| 4 cvKnvbv`vi evwnbxGK ZvGì MÉvGg AvGb ‰es ˆm Zvi fvBGK àwj KGi
5. eüw`b aGi eü ˆKÌvk `ƒGi nZÅv KGi|
eü eÅq Kwi eü ˆ`k NyGi K. wmivRDGóŒjvi nZÅvKvixi bvg Kx? 1
ˆ`wLGZ wMqvwQ ceÆZgvjv L. “NGii ˆjvK Awek¼vmx nGj evBGii ˆjvGKi cGÞ meB mÁ¿e|”@
ˆ`wLGZ wMqvwQ wm®¬y| ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? 2
ˆ`Lv nq bvB PÞz ˆgwjqv M. DóxcGKi ˆmvenvb gy´Öx ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb PwiGòi mvG^
Ni nGZ ÷ay `y’cv ˆdwjqv mv`†kÅcƒYÆ?@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 3
‰KwU avGbi wkGli Dci N. “DóxcGKi ˆmvenvb gy´Öx I ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi gxiRvdi Pwiò
‰KwU wkwki we±`y| ˆhb ‰KB mƒGò Muv^v|”@ DwÚwU eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
0 1 1
1. ‘A^Ævr Nyl ˆLGq ˆLGq Nyl K^vUvi A^ÆB e`Gj ˆMGQ 15. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm AwekÉv¯¦ ˆXvjK êGR PGj ˆKv^vq? 27. DóxcGKi ‘wkÞK’ ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i Kvi mvG^
Avcbvi KvGQ|’@ ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK msjvcwU Kvi? K gwZMGé L MvGiv cvnvGo mv`†kÅcƒY?Æ
K NGmwU êMg L DwgPuv` M ˆWvg cvovq N AvDqvjcyGi K Mv®¬xwR L KYÆavi
M gvwUÆb N wmivR 16. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm “ˆhLvGb mvc RvGM ˆmLvGb Avevi M cÉvew®¬K N c^cÉ`kÆK
2. ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGm gwZMGéi moK ˆ^GK gne»ZbMi ˆKvgjZvi dzj ˆdvGU|”@ ‰LvGb ‘mvc’ Kx A^Æ cÉKvk 28. DóxcK ‘Avgvi c^’ cÉeG®¬i ˆh Abylã aviY KGi Zv
MÉvg ˆKvb w`GK? KGi? nGjv@
K cƒeÆ L cwøg M Dîi N `wÞY K cÉwZwnsmv L kqZvb i. `vmZ½ ii. Õ¼vejÁ¼b
3. ‘AcwiwPZv’ MGÍ¸ ‘ˆgGqi weGq nBGe bv ‰ fq hvi gGb M jvjmv N Kvgbv iii. civejÁ¼b
bvB Zvi kvwÕ¦i Dcvq Kx|’ DwÚGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 17 I 18 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K AvMvgx mgGqi BwãZ my±ìxcvov MÉvGgi AvKvGk mƒGhÆv`Gq ŠZwi nq Aci…c ‰K K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L cwiewZÆZ mgvReÅeÕ©v `†kÅ| MÉvGgi gvS w`Gq eGq hvIqv BQvgwZ b`x Adzi¯¦ 29. ‘bƒi‚j`xGbi K^v gGb cGo hvq’ KweZvq ‘e®¬ ìRv’
M kÁ¿zbv^ eveyi mvnwmKZv ggZviGm wmÚ KGi ZzGjGQ `y’cvGoi Mvp meyR cÉK‡wZ I ejGZ gvbyGli Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ?
N kÁ¿zbv^ eveyi wbweÆKviZ½ RbRxebGK| K Õ¼µ² L mywµ¦ M ˆPZbv N AwaKvi
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 4 I 5 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 17. DóxcGKi BQvgwZ b`xi cÉmã ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb 30. ‘Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ’@ KweZvq Rbbxi
‘bK&mx Kuv^vi gvV’, ‘ˆmvRb evw`qvi NvU’, ‘iwOjv bvGqi gvwS’, AvGQ’ KweZvi ˆKvb PiGYi mvG^ mv`†kÅcƒYÆ? AvkxeÆvG` ˆK `xNÆvqy nGe?
‘ivLvwj’, ‘evjyPi’ BZÅvw` RbwcÉq KvGeÅi iPwqZv Kwe K ˆmLvGb meyR WvOv fGi AvGQ gayK„cx NvGm Aweij K ˆh KlÆY KGi L Mvwfi cwiPhÆvKvix
RmxgD`&`xb KweZvq wbLyuZfvGe DcÕ©vcb KGiGQb MÉvGgi L ˆmLvGb evi‚Yx ^vGK MãvmvMGii eyGK M grmÅ jvjbKvix N ˆjŒnLí cÉR¾vjbKvix
AeGnwjZ gvbyGli cÉvZÅwnK Rxeb| M ˆmLvGb ei‚Y KYÆdzjx aGjk¼ix c«Âv I RjvãxGi ˆ`q 31. ‘gnvRvMwZK wKDGiUi’ MGÍ¸ KvGK cÉvwYRMGZ wcwQGq
4. DóxcKwUi Kwe RmxgD`&`xb ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi Aweij Rj cov cÉvYx ejv nGqGQ?
AvGjvGK ˆKvb aiGbi Kwe? N ‰ wekvj c†wêxi ˆKvGbv b`x NvGm ZvGi Avi LyuGR K Õ¦bÅcvqx L mixm†c
K wbeÆvK gGbi L wbeÆvwmZ Zzwg cvGe bvGKv M Z‡YGfvRx N ‰KGKvlx
M gnr N cwÍÏ 18. DóxcGKi mvG^ ‘‰B c†wêxGZ ‰K Õ©vb AvGQ’ 32. ‘iGÚ Avgvi Abvw` AwÕ©’ KweZvq Kvi Dcgv ˆbB?
5. DóxcGK cÉKvwkZ ‘HKZvb’ KweZvi cÉZÅvwkZ ŠewkÓ¡Å KweZvi ˆKvb fveMZ mv`†kÅ jÞ Kiv hvq? K MwjZ ˆng L RxeGbi is
nGjv@ i. b`xi cÉfve ii. cÉK‡wZi i…cgy™¬Zv M Abvw` AwÕ© N fqvj NƒwYÆ
i. g†wîKv msj™²Zv ii. meÆòMvgx ŠewPòÅ iii. b`xGKw±`ÊK RbRxeb 33. ‘Rxeb I e†Þ’ cÉe®¬ Abyhvqx gvbyGli ghÆv`v KxGm?
iii. mvaviGYi gGbvhvZbv cÉKvk wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K cGivcKvGi
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L Avñe†w«¬i ÞgZvq
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 19. ‘gvwm-wcwm’ MGÍ¸ ‘eävZ ˆnvK, LyGb ˆnvK, RvgvB M Avñv ŠZwii mÞgZvq
6. ÛwjGdvb, ÛwjMÉvd, AcvGikb, BbGRKkb BZÅvw`GK ˆZv|’@ evKÅwUGZ cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ N AvGñvcjwº¬i ÞgZvq
ˆh mfÅZvi wb`kÆb eGj bv ˆm îvGKqv mvLvIqvZ K KzmsÕ•vi L cÉ^vbyMZÅ wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 34 I 35 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
ˆnvGmb ‰i weGePbvq@ M RvgvBcÉxwZ N RvgvBfxwZ mKj ˆjvGKi gvGS e’Gm
K AmfÅ L wg^Åvev`x 20. ‘ˆmB AÕ¨’ KweZvq ‘fvGjvevmv’ KvGK evievi civwRZ Avgvi wbGRi gy`ËvG`vGl
M KzmsÕ•vivœQ®² N wbgKnvivg KGi? Avwg ‰Kv nGZwQ Avjv`v|
7. ‘wbàÆY Õ¼Rb ˆkÉqt’ ‘Õ¼Rb’ ejGZ ‘wefxlGYi cÉwZ K c†wêxi hveZxq AÕ¨ L gynƒGZÆi A™²yÅrcvZ 34. DóxcGKi gy`ËvG`vl ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi ˆKvb
ˆgNbv`’ KweZvq êvSvGbv nGqGQ@ M AvwacGZÅi ˆjvf N RvZÅwfgvb cOwÚGK aviY KGi?
K AGhvaÅvevmx L jâvevmx 21. ‘evqv®²i w`bàGjv’GZ KvivAfÅ¯¦Gi eãe®¬yi Abkb K Avgvi ˆPZbv ˆhb ‰KwU mv`v mwZÅKvi cvwL
M ivNe N jßY Kivi KviY@ L msmvi mgvR agÆ ZzœQ nGq hvGe ˆjvKvjq
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 8 I 9 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: K fvlv msMÉvg L ˆRjvGii `yeÆÅenvi M ˆhb Zvi ZG¯¨ gG¯¨ fGi AvGQ P±`Gbi Wvj
cÉevmx weîevb Zi‚Y mRj MÉvGgi gvbyGli hvZvqvZ I cYÅ M miKvGii `gb-cxob N hLwb Dä¾j nq Avgvi ‰ ˆPZbvi gwY
cwienGbi myweavG^Æ b`xGZ weËR wbgÆvGYi RbÅ KZ‡ÆcGÞi N webv wePvGi AvUK ivLv 35. DóxcGK ‘ˆjvK-ˆjvKv¯¦i’ KweZvi ˆh fve cÉKvwkZ@
mvG^ ˆhvMvGhvM ÷i‚ KiGj b`xi NvGUi BRviv`vi mRjGK 22. ‘AvVvGiv eQi eqm’ KweZvq ‘muGc AvñvGK kcGî i. AvñmgvGjvPbv ii. wkGÍ¸i RbÅ wkÍ¸
bvbvfvGe ˆnbÕ©v KGi| ˆKvjvnGj|’@ ejGZ Kx êvSvq? iii. wkÍ¸xi wewœQ®²ZvGeva
8. DóxcGKi mRj ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi ˆKvb PwiòGK K iÚ`vGbi cyYÅ L AvñZÅvGMi gwngv wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
ÕÃiY Kivq? M K^v I KvGRi HKÅ N ˆhŒeGbi `ytmvnwmKZv K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K AvIjvjcyGii wci L LvGjK eÅvcvix
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 23 I 24 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 36. ‘ˆbKGjm’ MGÍ¸i gƒj MÍ¸KvGii cyGiv bvg ˆKvbwU?
M AvØvm N gwR`
Õ¼vG^Æi KviGY Zgvj mvGnGei RxeGbi Pig wechÆGqi mgq K Henri-Henri-Nicholas-Guy the Moupassant
9. DóxcGK cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ ‘jvjmvjy’ DcbÅvGmi@ Õ¨x-cyò-KbÅv `ƒGi mGi ˆMj, A^P wek¼Õ¦ f‡ZÅ AvGbvqvi L Henri-Henri-Albert-Guy the Maupassant
K cÉvPzhÆ L KzsÕ•vi M Õ¼v^Æv®¬Zv N bMivqY M Henri-Renri-Nicholas-Guy de Moupassant
Rxeb w`Gq nGjI Zgvj mvGnGei wbivcîv wbwøZ Kivi N
10. ‘ZvnvGiB cGo gGb’ KweZvq Kwe KvGK eÅ^v w`GqGQb? Henri-Renri-Albert-Guy de Maupassant
kc^ ˆbq| 37. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK Iqvwj LvGbi ‘evOvwj Kvcyi‚l
K dvÍš~b L cÉK‡wZ M cvVK N FZzivR
23. DóxcGKi AvGbvqvi ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGKi ˆKvb bq’ msjvGc cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@
11. ‘Avn»vb’ MGÍ¸ eywoi evwo ˆ^GK wdGi Avmvi mgq MÍ¸K^K
PwiGòi Abyi…c? K Õ¼vRvZÅGeva L BsGiRweG«¼l
eywoi cvZvGbv ˆgGqwUi nvGZ wKQy w`Gq ‰GmwQj, Kx RbÅ?
K muvGdÌ L jyrdv M ˆ`kGcÉg N exiZ½
K wPwKrmvi L c^Å I dGji
M bvivb wms N ˆgvnbjvj wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 38 I 39 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
M Lv`Å I dGji N c^Å I IlyGai
12. ‘mvgÅev`x’ KweZv ‘gvbGei gnvGe`bvi WvK’ «¼viv 24. DóxcGK wmivRDGóŒjv bvUGKi ˆh fve cÉKvwkZ, Zv bxjKi BsGiRGì evOvwj mnGhvMx Avwgb BGqm-ˆbv-ˆfwiàW
cÉKvk ˆcGqGQ@ nGjv@ RvZxq BsGiwR wkGL wbGRGK bxjKiGì mGMvòxq cÉgvY Kivi RbÅ
i. Õ¼v^Æv®¬Zv bxjPvwlGì Ici AgvbweK wbhÆvZGbi Dcvq evZGj ˆ`q| wbhÆvZb
K gvbeGcÉg L gvbeh¯Ÿv
ii. eÅwÚRxeGbi wechÆq Amnbxq nGq DVGj cÉwZGkva Qvov Dcvq ^vGK bv evOvwj PvwlGì|
M gvbegywÚ N gvbevñv
iii. AvñxqZvi e®¬Gbi Škw^jÅ 38. DóxcGKi Avwgb I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸i BmnvK wgqvi
wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 13 I 14 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI:
`yw`b aGi cwievGii mevBGK wbGq AfzÚ ^vKvq evaÅ nGqB wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? mv`†kÅ@
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. fvlv eÅenvGi ii. weG`wk cÉxwZGZ
‰jvKvi ‰Kgvò f„Õ¼vgx ˆPŒayix mvGnGei RwgGZ KgÆiZ
kÉwgKGì RbÅ cvVvGbv Lvevi cw^gGaÅ wQwbGq wbGqwQj 25. ‘ˆdeË‚qvwi 1969’ KweZvq mvjvGgi nvZ ˆ^GK Kx SGi? iii. wbhÆvZGb mnGhvwMZvq
w`bgRyi gwdR| wQbZvBGqi AcivGa gwdRGK ˆPŒayix mvGne K eYÆgvjv L ÕÃ†wZM®¬ wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
KwVb kvwÕ¦ ˆ`qvi ˆNvlYv w`Gj mgGeZ mKGji DGóGkÅ gwdR M iGÚi ey«¼y` N gvZvi AkÉ‚Rj K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
cÉk² QyGo ˆ`q, Avgvi NGi Lvevi bvB ˆKb? 26. ‘Rv`yNGi ˆKb hve’GZ AvñcwiPq jvf ejGZ Kx 39. DóxcK I ‘îBbGKvU’ MGÍ¸ hyMcr cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ@
13. DóxcGKi gwdR I ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬i weovGji mv`†kÅ@ êvSvGbv nGqGQ? K weG`wk fvlvi AvMÉvmb
K ˆPŒhÆe†wîGZ L eçbvq K cvwievwiK cwiPq jvf L agÆxq cwiPq jvf L weG`wk kvmK KZ‡ÆK mxgvnxb wbhÆvZb
M PvZzGhÆ N Õ¼vGÕ©Å M ˆcŒivwYK AwfæZv ARÆb M ˆ`qvGj wcV ˆVGK hvIqv gvbyGli mÁÃyLMgb
14. DóxcK I ‘weovj’ cÉeG®¬ hyMcr cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ@ N wbRÕ¼ BwZnvm-HwZnÅ Rvbv N ˆ`Gki RbÅ Rxeb evwR îGL hyG«¬ SuvwcGq cov
i. mÁ·Gì Amg e¥Ÿb ii. abxi wbÓ¤ziZv wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 27 I 28 bÁ¼i cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 40. ‘wmivRDGóŒjv’ bvUGK ˆK beve nGj mKGji DGókÅB
iii. LvG`Åi AcÉZzjZv wkÞK ˆkÉwYKGÞ hv ejGjb Zv eySGZ cvij cƒeÆcÉÕ§wZ ˆbIqv nvwmj nGe?
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? KGqKRb wkÞv^Æx| wkÞKGZv AvGQbB êvSvGbvi RbÅ, ‰B K wgiRvdi L gvwbKPuv`
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii fimvq hviv ˆkÉwYKGÞ wMGqwQj ZvGì ARÆb kƒbÅ| M NGmwU êMg N kIKZRã

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ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cò I Dîi 1

gƒj eBGqi AwZwiÚ Ask

cvUÆ ‰: AaÅvqwfwîK cixÞv cÉÕ§wZ

11. ZvnvGiB cGo gGb

12. AvVvGiv eQi eqm

14. Avwg wKse`w¯¦i K^v ejwQ

K ivBmyj Rynvjvi cÉK‡Z bvg bvivY wms|

K eÅvãvG^Æ L cÉksmvG^Æ M RvgvGji N KvgvGji wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?

19. XvKv ˆevWÆ 2019

20. ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ 2019

21. w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ 2019

22. KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ 2019

23. PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ 2019

24. wmGjU ˆevWÆ 2019

25. hGkvi ˆevWÆ 2019

26. ewikvj ˆevWÆ 2019

27. mKj ˆevWÆ 2018

28. XvKv, w`bvRcyi, wmGjU, hGkvi ˆevWÆ 2018

29. ivRkvnx, KzwgÍÏv, PëMÉvg, ewikvj ˆevWÆ 2018

30. XvKv ˆevWÆ 2017

31. ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ 2017

32. w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ 2017

33. KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ 2017

34. PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ 2017

35. wmGjU ˆevWÆ 2017

36. hGkvi ˆevWÆ 2017

37. ewikvj ˆevWÆ 2017

38. XvKv ˆevWÆ 2016

39. ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ 2016

40. w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ 2016

41. KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ 2016

42. PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ 2016

43. wmGjU ˆevWÆ 2016

44. hGkvi ˆevWÆ 2016

45. ewikvj ˆevWÆ 2016

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