Chapter 4

States of Matter
1. Answer (B)
Correction factor in pressure is directly proportional to square of density.

an2
 It is .
V2
2. Answer (C)
 a 
 P  2  V = RT
 V 
a
PV + = RT
V
a
PV = RT –
V
1
So, plot of (PV) vs   has slope – a.
V
20.1  24.6
 Slope =  – 1.5
3
 a = 1.5 atm L2 mol–2
3. Answer (B)
Due to symmetrical graph given, the average value of velocity will be at the middle, which is also most probable
velocity.
While calculating rms speed, we have to take average of square of speeds and its root. In square of speeds,
higher speeds will give more contribution. So the value will be more than the average value.
4. Answer (A, C, D) or (A, C)
 a  a
Because V is very large, so in Van der Waal’s equation  P  2  (V – b) = RT, 2 and b are neglected and
 V  V
equation becomes PV = RT. Coefficients depends on the identity of the gas but are independent of the temperature.
Real gas exert lower pressure than the same gas behaving ideally due to intermolecular force of attraction.
5. Answer (A, C, D)
According to Kinetic theory of gases,
(i) Collisions are always elastic

Fraction of
(iii) molecule

Velocity

(iv) Between collisions the molecules move in straight lines with constant velocity.

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6. Answer (C)

V(r)
0
r

As per given conditions atoms have no interaction at long range but repell at short range.
7. Answer (A, C, D)
3
EK  KT Average kinetic energy depends only on absolute temperature
2
K = Boltzmann constant

Urms  T
3RT
Urms  1
M Urms 
M
Using above formulae, correct statements are (A, C, D).
8. Answer (C)
x 40

24 – x 10

x
2
24 – x
x = 16
9. Answer (D)
Increased collision frequency of X with the inert gas as compared to that of y with the inert gas. Therefore,
the experimental value of d is found to be smaller than the estimate obtained using Graham's law.
10. Answer A(p, s); B(r); C(p, q); D(p, s)
11. Answer (4)

3RT
Urms( X ) 
M
2RT
Vmp( Y ) 
M
Equating both, we get
3R(400) 2R(60)

40 X
X=4
12. Answer (7)

1 atm PT = 1 atm
1 atm vapour pressure of compound = 0.68 atm
 PHe = 0.32

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PHeV = nHeRT

0.1 0.082  273

V= = 7 litre
0.32
13. Answer (4)
Diffusion coefficient 
Here  = mean free path
 = mean speed

T
since  
P

and   T

T T
 Diffusion coefficient 
P
As per question, 'T' is increased four times and 'P' is increased two times.
Hence, diffusion coefficient becomes four times.
14. Answer (2.20 to 2.23)
From figure - 1,
5 1 5
nA = 
R  400 400 R

1 3 3 1
nB =  
R  300 300 R 100 R

From figure. 2,
After the system attains equilibrium,
PA = PB and TA = TB = T

n A RT nBRT
 
VA VB
5 1
 
400 R.VA 100 R.VB

VA 5 4
   VB  VA
VB 4 5

4
 VA + VB = 4 m3  VA + VA  4
5

20
 VA = = 2.22 m3
9


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