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Solar Energy Based Refrigeration System Using Peltier Device 18 ABHISHEK
Solar Energy Based Refrigeration System Using Peltier Device 18 ABHISHEK
V. RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Renewable energy sources also called non-conventional
energy are sources that are continuously replenished by Fig. 6. Solar Energy.
natural processes. For example, solar energy, wind B. Solar Thermal Energy Application
energy, bio-energy - bio-fuels grown sustain ably), In solar thermal route, solar energy can be converted
hydropower etc., are some of the examples of into thermal energy with the help of solar collectors and
renewable energy sources. receivers known as solar thermal devices. The Solar-
A renewable energy system converts the energy found Thermal devices can be classified into three categories:
in sunlight, wind, falling-water, sea-waves, geothermal Low-Grade Heating Devices - up to the temperature
heat, or biomass into a form, we can use such as heat or of 100°C.
electricity. Most of the renewable energy comes either Medium-Grade Heating Devices -up to the
directly or indirectly from sun and wind and can never temperature of 100°-300°C
be exhausted, and therefore they are called renewable. High-Grade Heating Devices -above temperature of
However, most of the world's energy sources are 300°C
derived from conventional sources-fossil fuels such as Low-grade solar thermal devices are used in solar water
coal, oil, and natural gases. These fuels are often termed heaters, air-heaters, solar cookers and solar dryers for
non-renewable energy sources. Although, the available domestic and industrial applications.
quantity of these fuels are extremely large, they are Solar water heaters. Most solar water heating systems
nevertheless finite and so will in principle ‘run out’ at have two main parts: a solar collector and a storage
some time in the future . tank. The most common collector is called a flat-plate
Renewable energy sources are essentially flows of collector (Fig. 7). It consists of a thin, flat, rectangular
energy, whereas the fossil and nuclear fuels are, in box with a transparent cover that faces the sun,
essence, stocks of energy mounted on the roof of building or home. Small tubes
Various forms of renewable energy [7-8]: run through the box and carry the fluid – either water or
• Solar energy other fluid, such as an antifreeze solution – to be
• Wind energy heated. The tubes are attached to an absorber plate,
• Bio energy which is painted with special coatings to absorb the
• Hydro energy heat. The heat builds up in the collector, which is
• Geothermal energy passed to the fluid passing through the tubes.
• Wave and tidal energy
Sharma, Agrawal and Shrivastava 115
lighting for commercial buildings, outdoor (street)
lighting, rural and village lighting etc. Solar electric
power systems can offer independence from the utility
grid and offer protection during extended power
failures. Solar PV systems are found to be economical
especially in the hilly and far flung areas where
conventional grid power supply will be expensive to
reach.