Speed Sensor

Name of the Group

- Mohammed Ameen Ahmed
- Mahmood Abd Al-Hameed
Rasheed
- Mustafa Jasim Mohammed
 Work:

A speed sensor, commonly known as a speed gun, operates by emitting waves or pulses towards a
moving object, such as a vehicle, and then measuring the frequency shift in the waves reflected off
the object. This frequency shift is caused by the Doppler effect, which is directly proportional to the
object's velocity relative to the speed gun. By analyzing this frequency shift, the speed gun
calculates the speed of the object accurately. The process involves four main components: a
transmitter, a receiver, a signal processor, and a display unit. The transmitter emits waves or pulses,
the receiver detects the reflected signals, the signal processor analyzes the frequency shift, and the
display unit presents the speed measurement to the user. This technology allows speed guns to be
widely used in traffic enforcement, sports, and industrial settings for measuring the speed of
moving objects with precision and accuracy.
 Component
In an experimental setup of a speed sensor, also known as a speed
gun, several components are interconnected to facilitate the
measurement of the speed of moving objects. Here's an outline of the
main components:
• Transmitter: The transmitter emits waves or pulses towards the
target object. In the case of Doppler radar speed guns, the
transmitter generates radio waves, while LIDAR speed guns emit
laser pulses.
• Receiver: The receiver detects the waves or pulses reflected off
the moving object. It captures the reflected signals for further
analysis.
• Signal Processor: The signal processor processes the received
signals, extracting information about the frequency shift caused by
the Doppler effect. This component performs calculations to
determine the speed of the object based on the frequency shift.
• Display Unit: The display unit presents the calculated speed
measurement in a readable format, typically in miles per hour
(mph) or kilometers per hour (km/h). It provides real-time
feedback to the user.
 Connection:

- The transmitter and receiver are typically integrated into

a single unit, forming the main body of the speed gun.
- The signal processor is connected to the receiver to
receive the captured signals for analysis.

- The display unit is connected to the signal processor to

receive the calculated speed measurement and display it
to the user.
- In an experimental setup, these components may be
interconnected using wires or cables for data
transmission and power supply.
- Additionally, in the case of LIDAR speed guns, optical
components such as lenses and mirrors are employed to
focus the laser beam and ensure accurate detection of
reflected signals.
Disadvantage

Particularly in the context of speed gun sensors, include sensitivity to environmental conditions like fog and rain, limited
range, higher cost compared to other sensor technologies like Doppler radar, alignment challenges for accurate
measurements, and susceptibility to interference from ambient light sources. These factors can affect the reliability and
effectiveness of speed measurements in various scenarios.