Tutorial T03 – Elasticity Stress

Answer the following questions as they could come up in an exam.

1 Stress basics (geometry)

... based on sections 3.1 (Exercise V1 in old material before 2022)

Given:
E = 200 GPa, υ = 0.25 √
OA = OB = a and OC = 21 2 · a

In this stress-state, the maximal principal stress must not be larger than: 150 MPa.

Questions:
a) Find normal stress σABC and shear stress τABC acting on the area ABC.

1
2 Stress and transformation
... based on sections 3.1-3.4 (Exercise V4 in old material before 2022)

Given:
E = 2 · 1011 Pa, υ = 0.25  √ 
19 −5 −√6
Stress-state in point P: σ =  −5
√ 19
√ − 6 MPa
− 6 − 6 10
Questions:
a) Show that the principal stresses are 8, 16 and 24 MPa.
Compute the directional cosines (transformation matrix entries) of the smallest eigen-stress.

2
3 Stress equilibrium
... based on sections 3.1-3.6 (Exercise V12 in old material before 2022)

In a linear elastic (E = 2 · 105 MPa, υ = 0.25) body under load, the stress-field is given (with four
free parameters), with respect to the Cartesian x1 − x2 − x3 coordinate system as:

σ11 (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = σ0 20 + α1 ( xL1 ) − 10( xL2 ) + α2 ( xL1 )2

 

σ22 (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = σ0 10 + 8( xL1 ) + β1 ( xL2 ) + β2 ( xL2 )2

 

σ12 (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = σ0 12 − 10( xL1 ) + 7( xL2 ) − 8( xL1 )( xL2 )

 

σ13 (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = σ23 (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = σ33 (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = 0

with reference stress σ0 = 1 MPa and reference length L = 1 m.

Note that all stresses are independent on x3 and that the calculation in question (a) below is general
with variables x1 , x2 , and x3 ; from question (b) on, use the point P (x1 = 0, x2 = 0, x3 = 0).

Questions:
a) Does the stress field agree with the stress-equilibrium equations in absence of volume-forces?
Which relations have to be valid for the free parameters α1 , α2 , β1 , β2 due to stress equilibrium.
b) Compute the eigen-stresses in point P using linear algebra, mathematics -– not the circle of
Mohr.
Describe and name the state of stress in point P (and in all other points in the body).
c) Compute the eigen-direction of the major eigen-stress.