EPIDEMIOLOGI

The prevalence of UTIs varies with age and gender. In newborns

and infants up to 6 months of age, the prevalence of abacteriuria
is approximately 1% and is more common in boys. Most of these
infections are associated with structural or functional
abnormalities of the urinary tract and also have been correlated
with noncircumcision.

Between the ages of 1 and 6 years, UTIs occur more frequently in

females. The prevalence of abacteriuria in females and males of
this age group is 3% to 7% and 1% to 2%, respectively. Infections
occurring in preschool boys usually are associated with
congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract.
 EPIDEMIOLOGI

Approximately 60% of females will develop a UTI during their

lifetime with about one-fourth having a recurrence within a year.
Infections in men occur much less frequently until the age of 65
years at which point the incidence rates in men and women are
similar.

The rate of infection increases further for elderly persons who

are residing in nursing homes, particularly those who are
hospitalized frequently. The increase is probably the result of
factors such as obstruction from prostatic hypertrophy in males,
and increased urinary instrumentation (catheterization).
ETIOLOGI

The bacteria causing UTIs usually originate

from bowel flora of the host. The most
common cause of uncomplicated UTIs is
Escherichia coli, which accounts for 80% to
90% of community-acquired infections.

Organisms isolated from individuals with

complicated infections are more varied and
generally are more resistant than those found
in uncomplicated infections. Enterococci
represent the second most frequently
isolated organisms in hospitalized patients.
ETIOLOGI