Basic Calculus

Quarter 3 Week 1
ILLUSTRATING
LIMIT OF A
FUNCTION
 INTRODUCTION
You live in a world that is
constantly changing. You
experience things that move
at different paces and at
different times. Some are in
constant motion, while the rest
are still. Humans have
developed several machines
and tools to explain these
phenomena.
1.One of the tools used
in explaining motion is
CALCULUS. Calculus is
a numerical
language that
creates
mathematical models
to solve problems
dealing with objects
or things in motion.
The calculation of
velocity and motion,
the concept of
growth and decay,
the calculation of
marginal cost and
marginal revenue
are some of the real-
life contexts where
calculus can be
applied.
The basic idea of
calculus lies on the study
of limits and the
continuity of functions.
The limit of a function
determines the possible
location of moving
objects as they
approach a certain
place or location.
This can be best
understood if one
would consider a
moving vehicle with a
known rate of speed at
a given time. Thus,
calculus is the
mathematics of
change.
OBJECTIVES

➢ Illustrate the limit of a function using a table

of values and the graph of the function
➢ Distinguish between lim 𝑓 𝑥 and 𝑓 𝑐
𝑥→𝑐
➢ Illustrate the limit laws
➢ Apply the limit Laws in evaluating the limit
of algebraic functions(polynomial, rational,
and radical)
Drill

Find the value of f(x) given

the specified value of x.
𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 5 when x = 9
𝑓 𝑥 = 5𝑥 2 + 1 when x = 2.9999
𝑥 2 +5𝑥−3
𝑓 𝑥 = when x = 1.5
𝑥+2
𝑓 𝑥 =∣ 2𝑥 − 7 ∣ when x=3.8
 𝑓 𝑥 = {𝑥 − 3, 𝑥 < 1
{𝑥 2 + 5, 𝑥 ≥ 1 , 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(3)
Discussion
Learning Task 2
Complete the table of values representing the
limit of a function. Compare and analyze the
table of values.
x F(x) x F(x)
𝐥𝐢𝐦(𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙)= L
3 14 5 22
𝒙→𝟒
3.5 16 4.8 21.2
3.8 17.2 4.5 20
3.9 17.6 4.1 18.4
3.99 17.96 4.001 18.004
3.9999 17.999 4.000001 18.000004
Guide Questions
 How did you find the values of
f(x)?
 What did you notice about the
given values of x in the 2 tables?
 What did you observe about the
values on f(x)?
 By synthesizing your observations
on the values of x and f(x) on the
2 tables, how are you going to
define limit?
 2
𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 2
lim
𝑥→2 𝑥−2
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2
lim lim
𝑥→2− 𝑥−2 𝑥→2+ 𝑥−2

X F(x) X F(x)
1 0 3 2
1.5 0.5 2.8 1.8
1.8 0.8 2.5 1.5
1.9 0.9 2.1 1.1
1.999 0.99 2.001 1.001
1.9999 0.9999 2.000001 1.000001
 𝑥 − 3, 𝑥<1
lim 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑖𝑓, 𝑓 𝑥 = ቊ 2
𝑥→1 𝑥 + 5, 𝑥≥1
lim− 𝑓(𝑥) = -2
𝑥→1
lim+ 𝑓(𝑥)=6
𝑥→1

X f(x) x f(x)
0 -3 2 9
0.5 -2.5 1.8 8.24
0.8 -2.2 1.5 7.25
0.9 -2.1 1.1 6.21
0.99 -2.01 1.001 6.002001
0.9999 -2.0001 1.000001 6.000002
Find the ff:
1. lim 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥→−1.5
2. lim 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥→0
3. lim 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥→2
PERFORMANCE
TASK #01
 1. The limit of a constant lim 𝑘=k
𝑥→𝑐
Limit 2. Identity Rule lim 𝑥 = 𝑐
𝑥→𝑐
Theorem 3. Sum Rule-
lim (3𝑥 + 4)=lim 3𝑥 + lim 4
𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥→2
4. Difference Rule
lim (3𝑥 − 4)=lim 3𝑥 − lim 4
𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥→2
5. Constant Multiple rule- lim 5𝑥 2
𝑥→−1
6. Product Rule- lim 𝑓(𝑥) ∗ lim 𝑔(𝑥)
𝑥→𝑐 𝑥→𝑐
 7. Quotient Rule
lim 𝑓 𝑥
Limit lim
𝑓 𝑥
= 𝑥→𝑐 𝐿
= ,𝑀 ≠ 0
𝑥→𝑐 𝑔 𝑥 lim 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑀
Theorem 𝑥→𝑐
8. The Power Rules
[lim 𝑓 𝑥 𝑝 = 𝐿𝑝
𝑥→𝑐
9. Radical Root Theorem
n n n
lim 𝑓 𝑥 = lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝐿
𝑥→𝑐 𝑥→𝑐
SEATWORK
#01