Computer 7

3 components of the computer system

1. Hardware- tangible part of the computer
Example: mouse, keyboard, monitor
2. Software- application that runs on a computer
A. Application software- performs specific functions like word processing, video editing and internet
browsing.
B. System software- performs all the operations the computer needs to run
3. Peopleware- refers to the person that uses the computer in the development of software and hardware
systems.
BASIC PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
 System Unit- also known as a “tower” or chassis”,contains the main components of a desktop
computer.
 Monitor- is often used synonymously with “computer scree” or “display”. the monitor displays the
computer’s user interface and open programs, allowing the user to interact with the computer, typically
using the keyboard and mouse.
 Keyboard- is a peripheral input device modeled after the typewriter keyboard which uses an
arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches.
 Mouse- is a hand held pointing device that detects two- dimensional motion relative to a surface.
 Central Processing Unit- performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to function, and
is referred to as the brain of the computer.
 Memory- is used to store programs and data
 Primary Memory- RAM AND ROM
 Secondary memory
RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)- stores the code and data that are being actively
accessed by the CPU. Fore example, when a web browser us opened on the computer it takes up memory,
this is stored in the RAM until the web browser is closed.
READ ONLY MEMORY (ROM)- is a type of storage medium that permanently stores data on
personal computers and other electronic devices.

HARD DISK DRIVE- is a non-volatile computer storage device containing magnetic disks or
platters rotating at high speeds.
 Motherboard- is the main component of a computer. It is a board with integrated circuitry that
connects the other parts of the computer.
 Power supply unit- converts alternating current electric power to low-voltage direct current power for
the computer.
 Cooling fan- is any fan inside or attached to a computer case used fro active cooling. Fans are used to
draw cooler air into the case from the outside, expel warm air from inside and move air across a heat
sink to cool a particular component.
 Optical disk drive-is a disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves within near the visible
light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical discs.