S32 - Seismic Design Provisions - Part 6

S. K. Ghosh Associates LLC.
International Code Council (ICC)
SEISMIC DESIGN BY BNBC

2020 – SEISMIC DESIGN USING
STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
Date: 15 February 2022
Session 32: Seismic 06
Dr. S. K. Ghosh
President, S. K. Ghosh Associates LLC
S-8A SEng PRP
Training Program
Permitted Analytical Procedures –

BNBC-2020 Section 2.5.6
ELF is allowed provided both of the following
conditions are satisfies:
(a) The building period in the two main horizontal
directions is smaller than both 4TC (TC is defined in
Sec 2.5.4.3) and 2 seconds. Tc is Ts = SD1/SDS of
ASCE 7-05.
(b) The building does not possess irregularity in
elevation as defined in Sec 2.5.5.3.
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1
2.5.8 Dynamic Analysis Methods
Dynamic analysis method involves applying

principles of structural dynamics to compute the
response of the structure to applied dynamic
(earthquake) loads.
2.5.8.1 Requirement for dynamic

analysis
Dynamic analysis should be performed to obtain the design
seismic force, and its distribution to different levels along the
height of the building and to the various lateral load resisting
elements, for the following buildings:
(a) Regular buildings with height greater than 40 m in Zones 2,
3, 4 and greater than 90 m in Zone 1.
(b) Irregular buildings (as defined in Sec 2.5.5.3) with height
greater than 12 m in Zones 2, 3, 4 and greater than 40 m in
Zone 1.
For irregular buildings, smaller than 40 m in height in Zone 1,
dynamic analysis, even though not mandatory, is
recommended.
2
2.5.8.2 Methods of analysis

Dynamic analysis may be carried out through the following two
methods:
(i) Response Spectrum Analysis method is a linear elastic analysis
method using modal analysis procedures, where the structure is
subjected to spectral accelerations corresponding to a design
acceleration response spectrum. The design earthquake ground
motion in this case is represented by its response spectrum.
(ii) Time History Analysis method is a numerical integration
procedure where design ground motion time histories
(acceleration record) are applied at the base of the structure. Time
history analysis procedures can be two types: linear and non-
linear.
2.5.9 Response Spectrum Analysis

(RSA)
2.5.9.1 Modeling (RSA)
2.5.9.2 Number of modes (RSA)
2.5.9.3 Modal story shears and moments (RSA)
• Elaborated upon in this presentation
2.5.9.4 Structure response (RSA)
Modal combination
Scaling
3
Design Ground Motion at Site
“Response Spectra”
1940 El Centro (Imperial Valley, CA Eq.)

Accelerogram
N-S component and corresponding derived
velocity and displacement plots
0.4
0.2
ẍg (g)
-0.2
-0.4 Ground acceleration, ẍg

ẋg (in./sec.)
12
8
4
0
-4
-8
-12 Ground velocity, ẋg
6
3
xg (in.)
0
-3
-6 Ground displacement, xg
0 10 20 30 40
Time, sec.
4
El Centro
SOOE Component
-0.4 g May 18, 1940
Acceleration,
Ground
ẍg (t)
0
0.4 g
0 10 20 30
Time, sec.
10
xmax = 63 mm
T = 0.5 sec 0
ζ = 0.02
-10
Deformation, u, in.
Computation of
10
T = 1 sec 0
Deformation (or
ζ = 0.02 xmax = 168 mm
-10
Displacement)
10
T = 2 sec
0
ζ = 0.02
-10
0 10
xmax = 225 mm
20 30
Response
500
Deformation
Time, sec.
Spectrum
375 (or Displacement)
Sd, mm.
Response Spectrum
250 ζ = 2 Percent
125
0
0 1 2 3
Natural Vibration Period, T, sec.
Response Spectra
Sd = umax
Sv = Sd = (2 / T)Sd
Sa = Sv = 2Sd
Sa = (2 / T)Sv =(2 / T)2 Sd
10
5
(a)Deformation (or
Displacement)
(b) Pseudo-velocity and
(c)pseudo-acceleration
response spectra
El Centro ground
motion – S00o E
component. Damping
ratio  = 2 percent
11
Four-Way Logarithmic Plot of

Response Spectrum
El Centro ground
motion – S00o E
component.
Damping ratio  = 2
percent
1.0
12
6
Response Spectra for Elastic SDOF

Systems Subjected to 1940 El Centro
Record
N-S
component
13
Site-Specific Response Spectra
14
7
Smoothed Site-Specific Response

Spectra
15
Applied Technology
Council
Recommendations for
Specifying Ground
Shaking at a Site
ATC-3; 1985, 1988

NEHRP Provisions
Soil Type 4 in 1988
16
8
Normalized Response Spectra Shapes
1988 UBC
17
Two-Factor Approach to
Local Site Response
1994 NEHRP Provisions

18
9
1997 UBC
Design Response Spectra
Ca = FaAa, Cv = FvAv
19
2000, 2003 IBC

Design Spectrum
SDS ↔ 2.5Ca, SD1 ↔ CV
20
10
ASCE 7-05 Figure 11.4-1: Design

Response Spectrum
21
Design Earthquake Ground Motion

Prior to IBC
Approximately 90% probability of non-exceedance

in 50 years (approx. 475-year return period)
22
11
IBC Ground Motion
Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE):
The maximum level of earthquake ground shaking

that is considered reasonable to design buildings
to resist.
23
IBC Ground Motion
Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE):
2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (approx,

2500 yr. return period) where deterministic approach
is not used.
24
12
IBC Ground Motion
 Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE):
Deterministic earthquake (in coastal California) -

best estimate of ground motion from maximum
magnitude earthquakes on seismic faults with high
probabilities of occurrence.
25
IBC Design Ground Motion

 SS = MCE spectral acceleration in the short period range for Site Class
B
 Sl = MCE spectral acceleration at 1.0-sec period for Site Class B
 SMS= FaSS, MCE spectral acceleration in the short period range
adjusted for Site Class effects.
 SMl = FvSl, MCE spectral acceleration at 1.0-sec period adjusted for Site
Class effects.
 SDS = (2/3) SMS, spectral acceleration in the short period range for the
design ground motion
 SDl = (2/3) SMl, spectral acceleration at 1.0-sec period for the design
ground motion.
26
13
BNBC-2020 Table 6.C.4: Parameter 𝑺𝑫S

for Different Seismic Zones and Soil
Types
Soil Type Zone-1 Zone-2 Zone-3 Zone-4
SA 0.2 0.333 0.466 0.6
SB 0.24 0.4 0.56 0.72
SC 0.23 0.383 0.536 0.69
SD 0.27 0.45 0.63 0.81
SE 0.28 0.466 0.653 0.84
27
BNBC-2020 Table 6.C.5: Parameter 𝑺𝑫1

for Different Seismic Zones and Soil
Types
Soil Type Zone-1 Zone-2 Zone-3 Zone-4

SA 0.08 0.133 0.186 0.24
SB 0.12 0.2 0.28 0.36
SC 0.138 0.23 0.322 0.414
SD 0.216 0.36 0.504 0.648
SE 0.14 0.233 0.326 0.42
28
14
ASCE 7-10 ELF Design Base Shear
29
ASCE 7-10 ELF

Minimum Design Base Shear
All Seismic Design Categories…
Vmin = 0.044SDSIW ≥ 0.01W (Eq. 12.8-5)
wherever S1 > 0.6g…

0.5𝑆 𝐼
𝑉 𝑊
𝑅
(Eq. 12.8-6)
30
15
BNBC-2020 Fig. 6.2.25: MCE Response

Spectrum
BNBC- ASCE
2020 7-05
TB T0
TC TS
TD TL
Tc = TS = SD1/SDS
TD = 2s, fixed unlike TL
TB ≠ (>)T0 = 0.20TS = 0.20TC;
unclear how values were arrived at.
31
Table 6.2.16: Site Dependent Soil Factor

and Other Parameters Defining Elastic
Response Spectrum
32
16
Figure 6.2.26 Normalized MCE

Response Spectra for Different Site
Classes
33
Mode Superposition Analysis of

Earthquake Response
x1  11 X 1  12 X 2  13 X 3  x1  11 12 13   X 1 

    
x2  21 X 1  22 X 2  23 X 3 or  x2   21 22 23   X 2 
 x    
x3  31 X 1  32 X 2  33 X 3  3   31 32 33   X 3 
X – so-called normal
coordinates, representing or
x  12 3 X 
vibration mode amplitudes   X 
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34
17
Mode Superposition Analysis of

Earthquake Response
35
Example
• Given
hs = 3050 mm
w = 1719 kN/floor
E = 27,579 MPa
Icol = 1.87 E9 mm4 each

column (0.7Ig )
36
18
Determine Mass Matrix
m = w/g = 1719 kN / 9810 mm/s2

= 0.175 kN-s2/mm = 175,000 N-s2/m
= 175,000 kg
1 0 0
𝑚 175,000 0 1 0
0 0 1
37
Determine Stiffness Matrix
12EI/hs3 = 12 x 27,579 x 3.74E9 / (3050)3 ≅ 44 kN/mm = 44X106 N/m
44 - 44
- 44 88 - 44
- 44 88
kij = force corresponding to  2 1 0 

displacement of coordinate i 6  1
k X10250 2  1
resulting from a unit
k = 44 
displacement of coordinate j  0  1 1 
38
19
Equations of Motion
Multi-degree-of-freedom system
- mass concentrated at floor levels which are
subject to lateral displacements only
mx cx k x  p(t)
39
Equations of Motion
Undamped free vibration
[C] = [0], {p(t)} = {0}

m x k x   0 
40
20
Equations of Motion
Motion of a system in free vibration is simple

harmonic
x  A sin t
x  ω A cos t
x  ω2 A sin t
41
Equations of Motion
-ω 2 m A   k A   0 
k  ω m A  0 
2
42
21
Find Determinant for Matrix

[k] - 2[m]
𝑘 𝜔 𝑚
88 10 175,000𝜔 44 10 0
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔 44 10
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔
Setting the determinant of

the above matrix equal to The period is equal
zero yields the following to 2/:
frequencies: T1 = 0.893 sec.
1 = 7.036 radians/sec.
T2 = 0.319 sec.
T3 = 0.221 sec.
43
Find Mode Shapes
First Mode:
88 10 175,000𝜔1 44 10 0 𝜑
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔1 44 10 𝜑
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔1 𝜑
0
0
0
31 = 1.0, 21 = 0.802, 11 = 0.445
44
22
Find Mode Shapes
Second Mode:
88 10 175,000𝜔2 44 10 0 𝜑 𝟐
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔2 44 10 𝜑 𝟐
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔2 𝜑 𝟐
0
0
0
32 = 1.0, 22 = -0.55, 12 = -1.22
45
Find Mode Shapes
Third Mode:
88 10 175,000𝜔3 44 10 0 𝜑 𝟑
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔𝟑 44 10 𝜑 𝟑
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔3 𝜑 𝟑
0
0 33
0
23
33 = 1.0, 23 = -2.25, 13 = 1.802

13
46
23
ASCE 7-05 Section 11.4.5

Design Response Spectrum
A five percent damped elastic design response

spectrum constructed in accordance with Figure
11.4-1, using the values of SDS and SD1 consistent
with the specific site.
47

Site-Specific Ground Motion
Procedures
The site-specific ground motion procedures set forth
in Chapter 21 are permitted to be used to determine
ground motions for any structure. A site response
analysis shall be performed in accordance with
Section 21.1 for structures on Site Class F sites,
unless the exception to Section 20.3.1 is applicable.
For seismically isolated structures and for structures
with damping systems on sites with S1 greater than or
equal to 0.6g, a ground motion hazard analysis shall
be performed in accordance with Section 21.2.
48
24
ASCE 7-05 Section 21.2

Ground Motion Hazard Analysis
… The ground motion hazard analysis shall account for the
regional tectonic setting, geology, and seismicity, the expected
recurrence rates and maximum magnitudes of earthquakes on
known faults and source zones, the characteristics of ground
motion attenuation, near source effects, if any, on ground
motions, and the effects of subsurface site conditions on
ground motions. The characteristics of subsurface site
conditions shall be considered either using attenuation
relations that represent regional and local geology or in
accordance with Section 21.1. …
49
ASCE 7-05 Section 21.4
Where the site-specific procedure is used to determine the design

ground motion, the parameter SDS shall be taken as the spectral
acceleration, Sa, obtained from the site-specific spectra at a period
of 0.2 sec, except that it shall not be taken less than 90 percent of
the peak spectral acceleration, Sa, at any period larger than 0.2
sec. The parameter SD1 shall be taken as the greater of the
spectral acceleration, Sa, at a period of 1 sec or two times the
spectral acceleration, Sa, at a period of 2 sec. The parameters SMS
and SM1 shall be taken as 1.5 times SDS and SD1, respectively. The
values so obtained shall not be less than 80 percent of the values
determined in accordance with Section 11.4.3 for SMS and SM1 and
Section 11.4.4 for SDS and SD1.
50
25

Structural Modeling
A mathematical model of the structure shall be

constructed for the purpose of determining
member forces and structure displacements
resulting from applied loads and any imposed
displacements or P-Delta effects. The model shall
include the stiffness and strength of elements that
are significant to the distribution of forces and
deformations in the structure and represent the
spatial distribution of mass and stiffness
throughout the structure.
51

Mathematical Model
Structures that have horizontal structural irregularity Type 1a,
1b, 4, or 5 of Table 12.3-1 shall be analyzed using a 3-D
representation. Where a 3-D model is used, a minimum of
three dynamic degrees of freedom consisting of translation in
two orthogonal plan directions and rotation about the vertical
axis shall be included at each level of the structure. Where
the diaphragms have not been classified as rigid or flexible in
accordance with Section 12.3.1, the model shall include
representation of the diaphragm’s stiffness characteristics
and such additional dynamic degrees of freedom as are
required to account for the participation of the diaphragm in
the structure’s dynamic response.
52
26

Mathematical Model
In addition, the model shall comply with the
following:
a. Stiffness properties of concrete and masonry

elements shall include the effects of cracked
sections.
b. For steel moment frame systems, the

contribution of panel zone deformations to
overall story drift shall be included.
53
Modal Response Spectrum Analysis
An elastic dynamic analysis of structure utilizing the

peak dynamic response of all modes having a
significant contribution to total structural response.
Peak modal responses are calculated using the
ordinates of the appropriate response spectrum
curve which correspond to the modal periods.
Maximum modal contributions are combined in a
statistical manner to obtain an approximate total
structural response.
54
27
ASCE 7-05 Section 12.9.4 Design

Values
Vt < 0.85 VELF (based on T  CuTa)
Must scale up to 0.85VELF
(based on T  CuTa)
No scale down, except by R/I-factor
55
Step 1 – Develop mathematical model of structure...

to represent proper spatial distribution of mass and
stiffness of structure (ASCE 7-05 Section 12.7.3)
Step 2 – Determine mode shapes {ϕm} and

corresponding periods Tm of structure... by
eigenvalue analysis
56
28
Step 3 – For each mode m, determine:
wiim
n
Earthquake participation factor: Lm  
i 1
g
wiim2
Modal Mass: M m  
i 1
g
57

Step 3 – For each mode m, determine (cont’d):
L2m
Effective Weight Wm  g
Mm
Participating Mass L2m
PM  W
n
Mm
Where W   wi  weight at floor level i
i 1
im  displacement at floor level i for mode m
58
29
Step 4 – Determine number of modes to be

considered... to represent at least 90% of
participating mass of structure (ASCE 7-05 Section
12.9.1)
 PM =  (Wm/W)  0.90
59
Step 4 – Determine number of modes to be

considered... to represent at least 90% of
participating mass of structure (ASCE 7-10 Section
12.9.1)
 PM =  (Wm/W)  0.90
60
30
Step 5 – Determine spectral acceleration and

seismic design coefficient for each mode
(1) From Design Response Spectrum (ASCE 7-05

Fig. 11.4-1), determine Sam for Tm,
61
Step 5 – Determine spectral acceleration and

seismic design coefficient for each mode
(1) From Design Response Spectrum (ASCE 7-10

Fig. 11.4-1), determine Sam for Tm,
62
31
Step 5 (Contd.) – (2) Determine modal seismic

design coefficient,
Csm = (Sam x I) / R
where I = Importance Factor from ASCE 7-05 Table

11.5-1 and R = Response Modification Factor from
Table 12.2-1
63
Step 6 – Determine modal base shears, Vm, and

total dynamic base shear, Vt
Vm = (Csm/g) x Wm
Vt = (V12 + V22 + ... + Vn2)1/2
64
32
Step 7 – Determine design base shear from Static

Force Procedure (ASCE 7-05 Section 12.8) and
compare with base shear from dynamic analysis.
65
Step 8 – Scale dynamic analysis results (ASCE 7-05

Section 12.9.4)
Scale factor = 0.85VELF /Vt  1

VELF = the equivalent lateral force procedure base shear,
computed based on ASCE 7-05 Sections 12.9.4 and
12.8
Vt = the base shear from the required modal
combination
66
33
Step 8 (cont’d) – Scale dynamic analysis results

(ASCE 7-05 Sec. 12.9.4)
Adjusted Vt = mean root square of adjusted Vm

values
Vt = (V12 + V22 + ... + Vn2)1/2
67
Step 9 – Distribute base shear for each mode over

height of structure w
Fim  i im
Vm
 w i im
where Fim = lateral force at level i

for mode m
Vm = base shear for mode m
68
34
Step 10 – Perform lateral analysis for each mode...

to determine member forces for each mode of
vibration being considered (ASCE 7-10 Section
12.9.2)
For rigid diaphragms... include accidental torsion

(ASCE 7-05 Section 12.8.4.2) in the distribution of
story shears to seismic force-resisting systems.
69
Step 11 – Combine dynamic analysis results

(moments, shears, axial forces, and displacements)
for all considered modes using root mean square
combination (SRSS)... to approximate total
structural response (ASCE 7-05 Section 12.9.3) or
resultant design values
70
35
Example 1
71

Example
• Given
hs = 3050 mm
w = 1719 kN/floor
E = 27,579 MPa
Icol = 1.87 E9 mm4 each

column
72
36
Find Determinant for Matrix

[k] - 2[m]
1 0 0 2 1 0
𝑚 175,000 0 1 0 𝑘 44 10 1 2 1
0 0 1 0 1 1
𝑘 𝜔 𝑚
88 10 175,000𝜔 44 10 0
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔 44 10
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔
73
Find Mode Shapes

First Mode: ω =7.036 rad/s
88 10 175,000𝜔1 44 10 0 𝜑 0
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔1 44 10 𝜑 0
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔1 𝜑 0
31 = 1.0, 21 = 0.802, 11 = 0.445
74
37
Find Mode Shapes

Second Mode: ω =19.685 rad/s
88 10 175,000𝜔2 44 10 0 𝜑 𝟐 0
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔2 44 10 𝜑 𝟐 0
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔2 𝜑 𝟐 0
32 = 1.0, 22 = -0.55, 12 = -1.22
75
Find Mode Shapes

Third Mode: ω =28.491 rad/s
88 10 175,000𝜔3 44 10 0 𝜑 𝟑 0
44 10 88 10 175,000𝜔3 44 10 𝜑 𝟑 0
0 44 10 44 10 175,000𝜔3 𝜑 𝟑 0
33
33 = 1.0, 23 = -2.25, 13 = 1.802 23
13
76
38
Determine Modal Mass and

Participation Factors for Each Mode
3
 w i i1
L1  i 1
= 175,000 kg (ϕ11 + ϕ21 + ϕ31)
g
= 175,000 (0.445 + 0.802 + 1.0) = 393,225 kg
3
 w 2
i i1
M1  i 1
= 175,000 kg (ϕ112 + ϕ212 + ϕ312)
g
= 175,000 (0.4452 + 0.8022 + 1.02)
= 322,215 kg
77

3
 w i i2
L2  i 1
= 175,000 kg (ϕ12 + ϕ22 + ϕ32)
g
= 175,000 (-1.22 - 0.55 + 1.0) = -134,750 kg
3
 w 2
i i2
M2  i 1
= 175,000 kg (ϕ122 + ϕ222 + ϕ322)
g
= 175,000 (1.222 + 0.552 + 1.02)
= 488,407 kg
78
39

3
 w i i3
L3  i 1
= 175,000 kg (ϕ13 + ϕ23 + ϕ33)
g
= 175,000 (1.802 – 2.25 + 1.0) = 96,600 kg
3
 w 2
i i3
M3  i 1
= 175,000 kg (ϕ132 + ϕ232 + ϕ332)
g
= 175,000 kg (1.8022 + 2.252 + 1.02)
= 1,629,198 kg
79
Determine Effective Weight and

Participating Mass for Each Mode
𝐿 393,225 m
𝑊 𝑔 9.81 kg 𝟒𝟕𝟎𝟕 kN
𝑀 322,215 sec
𝐿 134,750
𝑊 𝑔 9.81 𝟑𝟔𝟓 𝐤𝐍
𝑀 488,407
𝐿 96,600
𝑊 𝑔 9.81 56 kN
𝑀 1,629,198
80
40

𝑊 4707
𝑃𝑀 0.914
𝑊 5156
𝑊 365
𝑃𝑀 0.071
𝑊 5156
𝑊 56
𝑃𝑀 0.011
𝑊 5156
𝑃𝑀 0.996
81

Consideration of Modes 1, 2 and 3 is sufficient per

ASCE 7-05 Section 12.9.1.
Indeed, the consideration of just the first mode

would have been sufficient (as PM1  0.90).
82
41
Determine Seismic Design Coefficient,

Csm, for Each Mode
For the example building considered
Ie
C sm = S am × R
S D1 I e 0.6 ×1 0.075
= g= g= g
RTm 8Tm Tm
S DS I e 1.0 ×1
≤ g= g = 0.125 g
R 8
83
Determine Seismic Design Coefficient,

Csm, for Each Mode
Mode 1: T1 = 0.893 sec
Cs1 = (0.075g/0.893) = 0.0840g
Mode 2: T2 = 0.319 sec
Cs2 = (0.075g/0.319) = 0.2351g  0.125g Use 0.125g
Mode 3: T3 = 0.221 sec

Cs3 = (0.075g/0.221) = 0.3394g  0.125g Use 0.125g
84
42
Determine Modal Base Shears
Csm
Vm  Wm
g
Mode 1: V1 = (CS1W1/g) = 0.0840 x 4707 = 395 kN
Mode 2: V2 = (CS2W2/g) = 0.125 x 365 = 46 kN
Mode 3: V3 = (CS3W3/g) = 0.125 x 56 = 7 kN
Vt = [3952 + 462 + 72]1/2 = 398 kN

85
Design Base Shear

Determine design base shear from static-force
procedure and compare with base shear from dynamic
analysis
S D1 I e
V= W
RT
S DS I e
≤ W
R
≥ 0.044S DS I e W ≥ 0.01W
Ie
≥ 0.5S1 W
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86
43
ASCE 7-10 Section 12.8.2.1

Approximate Fundamental Period
Ta = Ct (hn)x
Ct = 0.016 (MRF system)
x = 0.9 (MRF systems)
hn = structural height = 9.14 m
Ta = 0.0466 x (9.14)0.9 = 0.342 sec
87

Period of CuTa
T = 1.4 x 0.342 = 0.479 sec
Vs = SD1IW/(RT) = [0.60 x 1 / (8×0.479)]W = 0.157W
< SDSIW / R = 1.0 × 1 × W / 8 = 0.125W governs
> 0.5S1IW / R = 0.5x0.6x1xW/8 =0.0375W
≥ 0.044SDSIW = 0.044x1.0x1xW = 0.044W
Use V = 0.125 x 3 x 1719 = 645 kN
88
44

Design Base Shear
The base shear, V, using modal analysis should not
be less than 85 percent of the calculated base
shear using the static procedure based on a period
= CuTa
V= 0.85 × 645 kN = 547 kN > 398 kN
So the modal forces must be scaled up.
Scale factor = 0.85 × 645 / 398 = 1.375

89
Scale Up Modal Results
V1 = 1.375 x 395 = 542.7 kN
V2 = 1.375 x46 = 62.7 kN
V3 = 1.375 x 7 = 9.7 kN
V = [542.72 + 62.72 + 9.72]1/2
= 547 kN
90
45
Distribute Base Shear for Each Mode

over Height of Structure
Lateral force at level i for mode m
wiim
Fim  Vm
 wiim
91

Mode 1 V1 = 542.7 kN
Level, Weight,
ϕi1 wi ϕi1 Fi1
i wi
3 1718.8 1 1718.8 241.5
2 1718.8 0.802 1378.5 193.7
1 1718.8 0.445 764.9 107.5
= 3862.2 542.7
92
46

Mode 2 V2 = 62.7 kN
Level, Weight,
ϕi2 wi ϕi2 Fi2
i wi
3 1718.8 1 1718.8 -81.4
2 1718.8 -0.55 -945.3 44.8
1 1718.8 -1.22 -2096.9 99.3
= -1323.4 62.7
93

Mode 3 V3 = 9.8 kN
Level, Weight,
ϕi3 wi ϕi3 Fi3
i wi
3 1718.8 1 1718.8 17.8
2 1718.8 -2.25 -3867.3 -39.9
1 1718.8 1.802 3097.3 31.9
= 948.8 9.8
94
47

Example
241.5 81.4 17.8

3 @ 10 ft = 30 ft
193.7 44.8 39.9
107.5 99.3 31.9
95
Questions?
Thank you
96
48

S32 - Seismic Design Provisions - Part 6

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S32 - Seismic Design Provisions - Part 6

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S. K. Ghosh Associates LLC.

International Code Council (ICC)

SEISMIC DESIGN BY BNBC

Session 32: Seismic 06

Permitted Analytical Procedures –

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

2.5.8 Dynamic Analysis Methods

Dynamic analysis method involves applying

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

2.5.8.1 Requirement for dynamic

2.5.8.2 Methods of analysis

2.5.9 Response Spectrum Analysis

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

Design Ground Motion at Site

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

1940 El Centro (Imperial Valley, CA Eq.)

-0.4 Ground acceleration, ẍg

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

Sv = Sd = (2 / T)Sd

Sa = (2 / T)Sv =(2 / T)2 Sd

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

Four-Way Logarithmic Plot of

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

Response Spectra for Elastic SDOF

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

Site-Specific Response Spectra

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

Smoothed Site-Specific Response

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

ATC-3; 1985, 1988

Normalized Response Spectra Shapes

1994 NEHRP Provisions

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2000, 2003 IBC

SDS ↔ 2.5Ca, SD1 ↔ CV

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

ASCE 7-05 Figure 11.4-1: Design

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

Design Earthquake Ground Motion

Approximately 90% probability of non-exceedance

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

IBC Ground Motion

Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE):

The maximum level of earthquake ground shaking

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

IBC Ground Motion

Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE):

2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (approx,

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

IBC Ground Motion

 Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE):

Deterministic earthquake (in coastal California) -

02/15/2022 URP | RAJUK | S-8 COMPONENT

IBC Design Ground Motion

BNBC-2020 Table 6.C.4: Parameter 𝑺𝑫S

Soil Type Zone-1 Zone-2 Zone-3 Zone-4

SA 0.2 0.333 0.466 0.6

SB 0.24 0.4 0.56 0.72

SC 0.23 0.383 0.536 0.69

SD 0.27 0.45 0.63 0.81

SE 0.28 0.466 0.653 0.84