Chapter 2

Theoretical Framework

2.1. Introduction

This chapter includes the ideas, finished thesis, methodologies,

generalization or conclusions, and others. Those that were included in this

chapter helps in familiarizing information that are relevant and like the

present study.

Computer-based system is a complex system in which computers

play a major role where it can make work faster, easier, and more

accurate. Switching from manual to automated system brings more

income to company but some of the small businesses sticks to

the manual because of lack of funds.

An inventory management system with pos monitors inventory and

calculates the amount owed by the customer, indicates that amount, may

prepare an invoice for the customer, and indicates the option for the

customer to make payment. These systems help businesses optimize

their inventories and improve supply chain efficiency. Advance inventory

management system provides real-time inventory control and auditing

functionalities.

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 Manual inventory system programs, is inefficient and time

consuming. These methods cannot handle complex task such as

inventory auditing, inventory control, and real-time inventory tracking.

Inefficient inventory system harms your business, excess inventory

increases your total cost of warehousing, while inadequate stock leads to

lost sales and negative consumer experience.

Inventory system is a key factor that influence whether you make a

sale or lose toa competitor, and helps your business avoid such damage

while overcoming relate challenges

2.2. Inventory Management System with POS

The point of sale (POS) is the time and place at which a retail

transaction is completed. At the point of sale, the merchant calculates the

amount owed by the customer, indicates that amount, may prepare

an invoice for the customer (which may be a cash register printout), and

indicates the options for the customer to make payment. It is also the point

at which a customer makes a payment to the merchant in exchange for

goods or after provision of a service. After receiving payment, the

merchant may issue a receipt for the transaction, which is usually printed

but can also be dispensed with or sent electronically.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_of_sale

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2.2. Visual Studio

Microsoft visual studio is an integrated development environment

(IDE) from Microsoft. It is used to develop computer programs, as well as

websites, web apps, web services and mobile forms, windows

presentation foundation, windows store and Microsoft Silverlight. It can

produce both native code and managed code.

Visual studio includes a code editor supporting IntelliSense (the

code completion component) as well as code refactoring. The integrated

debugger works both as a source-level debugger and a machine-level

debugger. Other built-in tools include a code profiler, design for building

GUI applications, web designer, class designer, and database schema

designer. It accepts plug-ins that’s expands the functionality at almost

every level- including adding support for source control systems (like

subversion and Git) and adding new toolsets like editor and visual

designers for domain-specific languages or toolsets for other aspects of

the software development lifecycle (like the azure DevOps client: Team

Explorer).

Visual Studio supports 36 different programming languages and

allows the code editor and debugger to support (to varying degrees)

nearly any programming language, provide a language-specific service

exists. Built-in languages include C, C++, visual basic.net, C#, F#, java

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script, TypeScript, XML, XSLT, HTML, and CSS. Support other languages

such as Python, Ruby, Nodes.js and M among others is available via

plug-ins. Java (and J#) were supported in the past.

2.3. MySQL

MySQL is an open-source relational database management

system. Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder

Michael Widenius's daughter My, and "SQL", the acronym for Structured

Query Language. A relational database organizes data into one or more

data tables in which data may be related to each other; these relations

help structure the data. SQL is a language programmers use to create,

modify and extract data from the relational database, as well as control

user access to the database. In addition to relational databases and SQL,

an RDBMS like MySQL works with an operating system to implement a

relational database in a computer's storage system, manages users,

allows for network access and facilitates testing database integrity and

creation of backups.

MySQL for Visual Studio provides access to MySQL objects and

data from Visual Studio. As a Visual Studio package, MySQL for Visual

Studio integrates directly into Server Explorer providing the ability to

create new connections and work with MySQL database objects.

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Functionality concepts includes:

SQL Development: By integrating directly into Visual Studio, database

objects can be created, altered, or dropped directly inside Server Explorer.

Visual object editor includes helpful information to guide you through the

editing process. Standard data views are also available to help you view

your data.

Query Designer: Visual Studio’s query design tool is also directly

supported. With this tool, you can query and view data from tables or

views while combining filters, group conditions, and parameters. Stored

routines can also be queried.

Stored Routine Debugging: Use the full debugging support for stored

routines. Using the standard Visual Studio environment and controls, you

can set breakpoints, add watches, and step into, out of, and over routines

and calls. Local variables can be added to the watch window and call

stack navigation is also supported.

Entity Framework: The Entity Framework is supported, to allow

template-based code generation and full support of the model designers

and wizards.

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2.4. Graphical User Interface

a digital interface in which a user interacts with graphical

components such as icons, buttons, and menus. In a GUI, the visuals

displayed in the user interface convey information relevant to the user, as

well as actions that they can take.

2.5. Database Concept

The proponent uses Relational database that organizes data into

rows and columns, which collectively form a table. Making it easy to see

and understand how different data structures relate to each other.

2.5.1. Database Normalization

The process of organizing data in a database. This includes

creating tables and establishing relationships between those tables

according to rules designed both to protect the data and to make the

database more flexible by eliminating redundancy and inconsistent

dependency.

Its main purpose is to eliminate redundant data, minimize data

modification errors, and simplify the query process. Ultimately,

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normalization goes beyond simply standardizing data, and can even

improve workflow, increase security, and lessen costs.

2.6. Development of the Proposed System

The proposed system is endorsed to a businessman at Cawag,

Subic, Zambales. According to the client it is good to have an inventory

management system with pos which will make the company attain much

higher success.

1.0 Water fall Model

The proponent used water fall model as methodology of the

system. The waterfall model is a breakdown of project activities into

linear sequential phases, meaning they are passed down onto each

other, where each phase depends on the deliverables of the

previous one and corresponds to a specialization of tasks. The

approach is typical for certain areas of engineering design.

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 The proponent used Waterfall Model which is one of the

most traditional and commonly used software development

methodologies for software development. When errors are detected

at some later phase, these feedback paths allow correcting errors

committed by programmers during some phase. The feedback path

allows the phase to be reworked in which errors are committed and

these changes are reflected in the later phase.

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/software-engineering-classical-wate

rfall-model/

1.1. Feasibility Study

a preliminary exploration of a proposed project or

undertaking to determine its merits and viability. A feasibility study

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 aims to provide an independent assessment that examines all

aspects of a proposed project.

1.2. Requirements analysis and specification

The aim is to collect data and understand the client’s

requirements properly. And ensure that the requirements are being

met.

1.3. Design

The proponent coverts the client’s requirements into a format

that can be coded in a programming language.

1.4. Coding and Testing

In this phase the proponent the design is being code using

vb.net. The aim is to check if each form is working properly.

1.5. Integration and System Testing

Integration of different modules are undertaken soon after

they have been coded and unit tested. Integration of various

modules is carried out incrementally over a number of steps. During

each integration step, previously planned modules are added to the

partially integrated system and the resultant system is tested.

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 Finally, after all the modules have been successfully integrated and

tested, the full working system is obtained and system testing is

carried out on this.

1.6. Maintenance

Maintenance is the most important phase of a software life

cycle. The effort spent on maintenance is 60% of the total effort

spent to develop a full software. There are basically three types of

maintenance:

● Corrective Maintenance: This type of maintenance is carried

out to correct errors that were not discovered during the product

development phase.

● Perfective Maintenance: This type of maintenance is carried

out to enhance the functionalities of the system based on the

customer’s request.

● Adaptive Maintenance: Adaptive maintenance is usually

required for porting the software to work in a new environment

such as working on a new computer platform or with a new

operating system.

2.7 IPO Chart

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 IPO CHART
Input Process Output
Stocks Processing Items: Stocks List
Add New Item
Edit/Update Item
Add Stocks/Remove Stocks

Inventory Manage Supplier Inventory List

Manage Accounts
Mange Stocks
Manage POS

2.8. Summary

In this chapter, the proponent has researched and study about the

inventory systems and POS that can be helpful for developing the system

for LCA27 Construction & Supply. This can be helpful to the proponent so

that he will have more knowledge and more ideas about Inventory system

to satisfy the client.

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