Learning

G7

SCIENCE
Activity
Sheet

Regional Office No. VIII - Eastern Visayas

Department of Education
Schools Division Office of Biliran
Larrazabal, Naval, Biliran
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Name: ______________________________
Grade & Section: ____________________
Date: _______________________________

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 Distance and Displacement Describe the motion of an object in terms
of distance or displacement, speed or velocity, and acceleration (S7FE-IIIa-1)

Observe your surroundings, can you say that everything moves? How
can you tell that an object is in motion? Can you describe it? What are your basis
in describing motion? In this lesson you will describe motion based on distance
and displacement.

Motion is the area of physics that studies how things move. It was
developed about 300 years ago by Isaac Newton. He discovered that all objects
move according to three basic laws. Newton’s Laws can explain almost all of
physics. When we look at the other branches of classical physics, they all can
be explained using these laws of motion.

This lesson will tackle how to define motion through

Lesson 1: Distance & displacement

Lesson 2 Speed or velocity, and acceleration

Am I Moving or NOT?

You don't always need to see something move to know that motion has taken place. A reference
point is needed to determine the position of an object. Motion and Position Motion occurs when an object
changes its position relative to a reference point. The motion of an object depends on the reference point
that is chosen.
The position of an object can be described in many ways. You can use words or visuals like diagrams
or graphs.
Consider the diagram in Figure 1. The positions of the objects are described in the diagram by their
coordinates along the number line.

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Q1. What is the position of the dog?
________________________________________________________________
Q2. What is the position of the tree?
________________________________________________________________
Q3. What is the position of the dog with respect to the house?
________________________________________________________________
Q4. What is the position of the tree with respect to the dog?
_______________________________________________________________
Q5. How many meters does the dog need to travel to go to the house?
_______________________________________________________________

In science, motion is defined as the change in position for a particular time

interval. You can describe it through distance and displacement.
Distance and displacement are two quantities that may seem to mean the same thing yet have distinctly
different definitions and meanings.
• Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to "how much ground an object has covered" during its
motion. It is the length of the path traveled by a body while moving from an initial position to a final position.
There is always a distance covered whenever there is a motion, and lastly distance measured is always
positive.
• Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to "how far out of place an object is"; it is the object's
overall change in position.It is the shortest distance between the initial position and final position of the body.
Displacement can be positive or negative depending on the reference point. Displacement will be zero if the
body comes back to its initial position..
Now Let’s understand the concept of distance and displacement with the help of the following
diagrams:

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 If the boy traveled from point A to point B to point C, the distrance traveled or the total path traveled
will be 7m. While the displacement, which is the shortest distance from the initial position (point A) to the
final position (point C) is 5m.

Based on figure 3 displacement is different from distance because displacement only sees the
beginning and ending positions.
Guide Questions:
1. What is motion?
________________________________________________________________________

2. What is reference point?

_________________________________________________________________________

Show Me the Way…

Explore &
Apply!

A. Read the descriptions of distance and displacement placed below the table. Write them in the
column where they belong. Write your answer in your notebook.

Distance Displacement

• It is the length of the path traveled by a body while moving from an initial position to a final
position.
• It is the shortest distance between the initial position and the final position of the body.
• It is a scalar quantity
• It is a vector quantity

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 • Measure is always positive
• Can be positive or negative depending on the reference point.
• There is always this whenever there is motion
• It will be zero if the body comes back to its initial position.

B. Calculate the distance and displacement given in the problems below.

1. Ana walked 10 m from their house to the store to buy some eggs and then went back home. What
is the total distance Ana has traveled? What is her displacement?

______________________________________________________________________________

2.Leila wanted to buy some fresh vegetables from the market, so she decided to go early in the
morning. She traveled 20 m north, then 15 m west, she then turned 20 m south and 10 m east to
arrive at the market. What is Leila’s total distance traveled?

Multiple Choice!
ASSESS!

Multiple Choice. Read the following questions and write the letter of your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

______1.Which of the following refers to the length of the entire path traveled by an object?
A. acceleration B. displacement C. distance D. motion

______2. Which of the following is needed to determine the position of an object?

A. displacement B. distance C. reference point D. velocity

______3. Which of the following is referred to as the shortest distance from the initial position to the
final position?
A. displacement B. distance C. reference point D. velocity

______4. Barry traveled 500m from the hospital to the market to buy fruits and then returned to the
hospital, what is the total distance traveled by Barry?
A. 0 m B. 550 m C. 1000 m D. 1500 m

______5. Barry traveled 500m from the hospital to the market to buy fruits and then returned to the
hospital, what is the displacement of Barry?
A. 0 m B. 550 m C. 1000 m D. 1500 m

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 LESSON 2 : Speed, Velocity and Acceleration

After determining how far the object moves, the next question will be “How
fast did the object move?” This information can be provided by the object’s speed
or velocity.

Are you familiar with the traffic signs? These signs tell us the maximum or
minimum speed limits allowed by law for road vehicles.

In general, the minimum speed limit in the Philippines is 60 km/h and the
maximum speed limit is 100 km/h. Speed, velocity and acceleration are things
that are common to us in our daily lives, but are abstract when discussed.

In this lesson you will learn how to define motion by speed, velocity and
acceleration.

Find Me

Find and encircle the terms indicted below the word hunt.

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 What is Speed?

You are probably familiar with the concept of speed. Speed is a type of rate. A rate tells
you the amount of something that occurs during a given unit of time. If you know the distance
an object travels in a certain amount of time, you know the speed of the object. For example,
if a car travels 70 miles in one hour, the car is traveling at a speed of 70 miles/hour (miles per
hour).
If the speed of an object does not change during its motion, the object is traveling at a
constant speed.
Most objects do not move at a constant speed very long. Most moving objects change
speed many times while in motion. Marathon runners do not run at a constant speed during the
entire race. At the starting line, there are many runners crowded together, so the runners are
forced to move slowly. As the crowd thins out, a runner can increase his or her speed. The
runner may slow down as he or she climbs a hill and increases speed going down the hill.
When the race is over, a runner may calculate his or her average speed. The average speed
of an object tells you the average rate at which it covers distance.

𝑑
You can calculate speed by dividing distance over time. 𝑠 = 𝑡

, where s is the speed, d is the distance traveled by an object, and t is the time. SI unit: m/s, m s−1

What is Velocity?
Have you heard the term velocity? Many people often use the terms speed and
velocity interchangeably, but speed and velocity are different.
Look at the statements below. What is the difference in the statements on the
cards below?

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 One of the statements describes the speed of the airplane, and the other one
describes the velocity. Which statement shows velocity?

When you know both the speed and direction of an object's motion, you know the velocity of the
object, thus statement 1 describes the speed of an airplane while statement 2 describes the velocity of
an airplane.
Velocity (v) is a vector quantity that measures displacement (or change in position, Δs) over
the change in time (Δt), represented by the equation v = Δs/Δt.

What is Acceleration?
As mentioned earlier, the speed at which an object travels can change. An object can increase
in speed or decrease in speed. The direction an object travels can also change. A car can travel north
for 20 meters and then turn right and travel west for 50 meters. When an object changes speed or
direction, we call this acceleration. Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. Since acceleration
(a) is the change in velocity (Δv) over the change in time (Δt), it is represented by the equation a =
Δv/Δt. This allows you to measure how fast velocity changes in meters per second squared (m/s2).
Acceleration is also a vector quantity, so it includes both magnitude and direction.

KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER

• If an object does not change its position at a given time interval, then it is at rest or
its speed is zero or not accelerating.

• If an object covers equal distance at equal intervals of time, then it is moving at

constant speed and still not accelerating.

• If an object covers varying distances at equal intervals of time, then it is moving

with changing speed or velocity, it means that the object is accelerating.

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 Speed, Velocity, Acceleration
Explore &
Apply ! Activity 1: Calculating Speed
Read the problems below and calculate the speed of an object.
Sample problem: An object traveled a distance of 500 m in 60 s, what is the speed of the object?

1. An object traveled a distance of 100 m in 10 s, what is the speed of the object?

2. A car moved 500 m in 20 s, what is the speed of the car?

3. A truck travels 110 miles in 2 hours. What is the average speed of the truck?

Activity 2: Calculating Velocity

Read the problems below and calculate the velocity of an object.
Sample problem:
What is the velocity of a car that traveled a total of 75 km north in 1.5 hours?

1. What is the velocity of an object that traveled a distance of 1000 m due south in 50 s?

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2. A car traveled a total distance of 55 km due east in 2 hrs, what is the velocity of the car?

3. What is the velocity of a plane that traveled 3000 km west from New York to California in 5 hours?

Activity 3: Calculating Acceleration

Read the problems below and calculate the acceleration of an object.
Sample problem:
In a summer storm, the wind is blowing with a velocity of 8 m/s north. Suddenly in 3 seconds, the
wind’s velocity is 23 m/s north. What is the wind’s acceleration?

1. A slug traveling at 3 mm/h, East decided to race the slug next to him increasing his velocity to 5
mm/h, East in one hour. What was the slug’s acceleration?

2. A driver starts his parked car and within 5 seconds reaches a speed of 60 km/h, as he travels east.
What is his acceleration?

3. An object at rest started to travel at 10 m/s south in 10 s, what is the acceleration of the object?

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 Multiple Choice!
ASSESS!

Read the following questions and write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_______ 1. What is the velocity of an object that traveled a distance of 100 m due east in 10 s?
A. 10 m/s2 B. 10 m/s due east C. 10 m east D. 10 m/s

________2.. An object traveled a distance of 50 m in 10 s, what is the speed of the object?

A. 5 m/s B. 5 m/s2 C. 5 m/s2 D. 5 m/s due west

________3. In a summer storm, the wind is blowing with a velocity of 8 m/s north. Suddenly in 3
seconds, the wind’s velocity is 23 m/s north. What is the wind’s acceleration?
A. 5 m/s2 north B. 5 m/s north C. 5 m/s2 south D. 5m/s south

________4. Anna travelled 500 m to their house in 600 s. What is the speed of Anna?
A. 0.83 m/s B. 2 m/s C. 2.7 m/s D. 3 m/s

_______5. Which of the following graphs shows that the object’s motion is accelerating?

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Let’s Assess
1.B
2.A
3.A
4.B
5.B
Let’s Try This
LESSON 2
Let’s Assess
1.C
Let’s Try
2.C This
3.A
4.C
5.A
B.
1. Distance-20m
LESSON 1
Displacement-0 m
2. 65 cm
Directions: Read the question carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook.
(1 point each)

_____1. How can you explain your travel through an illustration if you travel 200m from your house to
the market then back to your house?

*For numbers 2-7, please refer to the illustration below:

_____2. What is the position of the dog?

A. -15 m B. -10 m C. 5 m D. 15 m
_____3. What is the position of the house?
A. -15 m B. -10 m C. 5 m D. 15 m
______4. What is the position of the tree?
A. -15 m B. -10 m C. 0 m D. 5 m
_____5. What is the position of the dog with respect to the tree?
A. 10 m to the right of the tree
B. 10 m to the left of the tree
C. 15 m to the right of the tree
D. 15 m to the left of the tree
_____6. What is the position of the tree with respect to the house?
A. 5 m to the left of the house
B. 5 m to the right of the house
C. 10 m to the right of the house
D. 10 m to the left of the house
_____7. What is the position of the house with respect to the dog?
A. 5 m to the right of the dog
B. 10 m to the right of the dog
C. 20 m to the right of the dog
D. 25 m to the right of the dog
______8. What is the velocity of an object that traveled a distance of 100 m due east in 10 s?
A. 10 m/s2 B. 10 m/s due east C. 10 m east D. 10 m/s

_____9. An object traveled a distance of 50 m in 10 s, what is the speed of the object?

A. 5 m/s B. 5 m/s2 C. 5 m/s2 D. 5 m/s due west
_____10. In a summer storm, the wind is blowing with a velocity of 8 m/s north. Suddenly in 3
seconds, the wind’s velocity is 23 m/s north. What is the wind’s acceleration?

A. 5 m/s2 north B. 5 m/s north C. 5 m/s2 south D. 5m/s south

Congratulations!!! You did very well in this lesson!!!

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 Science 7 Learner’s Material, First Edition 2017 Alvie J. Asuncion et.al

Dela Cruz, Edith A., Science7 Quarter No 3 - Module 1: Motion: Distance, Displacement, Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration First Edition, 2021

https://wonders.physics.wisc.edu/what-is-motion/

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-1/Distance
andDisplacement#:~:text=Distance%20is%20a%20scalar%20quantity,object's%20overa
ll%20change%20in%20position.

https://byjus.com/physics/distance-and-displacement/

http://thescienceclassroom.org/physics/motion-in-1-d/distance-anddisplacement/

https://www.livingston.org/cms/lib9/NJ01000562/Centricity/Domain/1355/Moti
on%20Notes%20PPT%20STUDENT%20KEY.pdf

https://www.texasgateway.org/resource/speed-velocity-and-acceleration

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/one-dimensionalmotion/displacement-velocity-
time/v/calculating-average-
velocityorspeed#:~:text=Velocity%20(v)%20is%20a%20vector,equation%20r%20%3D%20d%2
F%CE%94t.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-physics/one-dimensionalmotion-2/average-and-
instantaneousacceleration2/v/acceleration#:~:text=Acceleration%20(a)%20is%20the%20change,inclu
des%20 both%20magnitude%20and%20direction.

https://www.lcps.org/cms/lib/VA01000195/Centricity/Domain/15490/Speed%2
0and%20Velocity%20Extra%20Practice.pdf

https://www.mayfieldschools.org/Downloads/Speed_Velocity_Acceleration_Worksh eet_Blank.pdf

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SY 2020-2021
EDDIE M.CUESTA,T-I
Writer, Biliran National Agricultral HS

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