WEEK 3-6 ASSESSMENT

QUARTER 3

Direction: Write the letter of best answer in your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following set represents a correct flow of stimulus and response from a receptor to an effector?
A. organ->effector->brain->receptor->organ C. organ->receptor->brain->effector->organ
B. brain->effector->organ->receptor->organ D. brain->receptor->organ->effector->organ
2____is any factor in the environment that may trigger a nerve impulse.
A. reaction time B. response C. stimulus D. relay
3. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE?
A. cerebellum controls balance, posture and coordination C. peripherals are nerves in the body
B. spinal cord carries messages to the brain D. cranial nerves carry motor & sensory signals

4. Which of the following reflects a correct number of human chromosomes?

A. 21 pairs B. 22 pairs C. 23 pairs D. 46 pairs
5. If a mutation occurs in the DNA of ______ cells it can be transferred from one generation to the next generation.
A. Egg and sperm cells B. Autosomal cells C. diploid cells and haploid cells D. nerve cells

6. Which of the following is TRUE about mutation?

A. The movement of a ribosome from one reading frame to another at an internal position within a gene.
B. A permanent heritable alteration in the base sequence of the DNA.
C. Acceptable variations in the normal DNA and protein sequences.
D. The exchange of DNA between chromosomes during meiosis.
7. Digong and Trilla are planning to get married, but they fear that their children may acquire sickle-cell anemia since both
of them have a brother with sickle-cell anemia. Neither Digong nor Trilla and their respective parents manifest the
disease. They decided to consult a genetic counselor. Which of the following do you think is the best suggestion the
counselor can give?
A. that all of their children will have sickle-cell anemia
B. there is a slight chance that any of their children will have sickle -cell anemia
C. that one out of four of their children could be expected to have sickle -cell anemia
D. that it’s possible that none of their children will have the disease but blood tests on them both will be required to
make sure.
8. Which of the following refers to the factors like toxic chemicals and harmful radiations that may induced mutation?
A. mutant B. frameshift C. point gene mutation D. mutagens
9. Which type of mutation takes place when it involves deletion or insertion of a nucleotide wherein the number of
deleted pairs is not divisible by three?
A. conservative B. frameshift C. point gene mutation D. nonconservative
10. The following statements are true EXCEPT ______________
A. Mutation is an aberration in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. C. Many mutations cannot be repaired by
enzymes.
B. Mutation may occur in either somatic cell or gametes. D. Almost all mutations are neutral.
11. Which of the following is caused by genetic or chromosomal abnormality?
A. Heredity B. Karyotyping C. Genetic disorders D. Mutagens
12. _________ is described as DNA or RNA mutation in which only one nucleotide is added, changed or deleted.
A. Chromosomal mutation B. Gene mutation C. Frameshift mutation D. Point
gene mutation
13. Which of the following types of mutation causes reproductive cells to have too many too few chromosomes.
A. translocation B. nondisjunction C. inversion D. insertion
14. Which type of substitution mutation has a serious effect on an organism?
A. silent B. conservative C. nonsense D. missense
15. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Majority of mutations have neither adverse nor beneficial impact on an individual.
B. There are three effects of mutation, harmful, neutral and beneficial.
C. Translocation occurs when segments of a chromosome are reversed from end to end.
D. Deletion takes place when a piece of chromosome is accidentally removed.
16. A male with Klinefelter syndrome has sex organs, but the testes are normally small and the man is sterile. More so,
some breast enlargement and other female body characteristics are common. The affected individual is usually of normal
intelligence. What could be the cause of this syndrome?
A. Duplication B. Nondisjunction C. Deletion D. Insertion
18. Some events that take place during the synthesis of a specific protein are listed below.
A. Messenger RNA attaches to a ribosome.
B. DNA serves as a template for RNA production.
C. Transfer RNA bonds to a specific codon.
D. Amino acids are bonded together.
E. RNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
The correct order of these events is
A. B E A C D B. B C E D A C. D A E C B D. C B A E D

19. What is the role of tRNA during translation?

A. bond to open the DNA strand to carry the code for protein synthesis out of the nucleus
B. Carry amino acids to the mRNA for correct placement into the protein chain
C. break apart mRNA and send it back to the nucleus so that it can be reused
D. carry ribosomes to the site of protein synthesis
20. What is a structural difference between DNA and RNA?
A. There are not structural differences, they are exactly the same.
B. DNA is double stranded, while RNA is single stranded
C. RNA is double stranded, while DNA is single stranded
D. DNA utilizes 16 nitrogen bases, while RNA uses 4.
Refer to the diagram below to answer questions 21 and 22.

21. Which processes occur in the nucleus?

A. 1 and 2 B. 3 and 4 C. 2 and 3 D. 4 and 5
22. The process involved in number 3 from the diagram is known as ___________.
A. replication B. transcription C. mutation D. translation
23. Which of the following illustrates a translocation type of a gene mutation?
Original chromosomes

A B D E F G H

I J K L M N O

A. Chromosome segment K L joins to chromosome segment ABCDEFGH

B. Chromosome segment K L replaces to chromosome segment AB.
C. Chromosome segment K L lost in the succeeding sequences.
D. Chromosome sequence I to O reverses and becomes O to I
24. If a mutation occurs in the DNA of ______ cells it can be transferred from one
generation to the next generation.
A. Egg and sperm cells B. Autosomal cells C. diploid cells and haploid cells D. nerve cells
25. Which of the following is TRUE about mutation?
A. The movement of a ribosome from one reading frame to another at an internal position within a gene.
B. A permanent heritable alteration in the base sequence of the DNA.
C. Acceptable variations in the normal DNA and protein sequences.
D. The exchange of DNA between chromosomes during meiosis.
26. Digong and Trilla are planning to get married but they fear that their children may acquire sickle-cell anemia since
both of them have a brother with sickle-cell anemia. Neither Digong nor Trilla and their respective parents manifest the
disease. They decided to consult a genetic counselor. Which of the following do you think is the best suggestion the
counselor can give?
A. that all of their children will have sickle-cell anemia
B. there is a slight chance that any of their children will have sickle -cell anemia
C. that one out of four of their children could be expected to have sickle -cell anemia
D. that it’s possible that none of their children will have the disease but blood tests on them both will be required
to make sure.

27. What will likely to occur if there are changes in the chromosome level resulting to gene deletion, rearrangement or
duplication during the cell meiosis.
A. Gene mutation C. Genetic engineering errors
B. Chromosomal mutation D. Autosomal mutation
28. Consider the following sequence:

ACGGATTCATTATA ACGGTTCATTATA

TGCCTAAGTAATAT TGCCAAGTAATAT

What kind of mutation has occurred?

A. Deletion B. Inversion C. translocation D. substitution

29. Which of the following sequences illustrates the ‘’Central Dogma’’ of genetics that states the usual order of events in
protein synthesis?
A. RNA DNAProtein C. DNA RNAProtein
B. DNA ProteinRNA D. RNA RibosomeRNA
30. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA directs the order of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA) during the process
called _____
A. transcription B. replication C. translation D. protein synthesis
31. Which of the following statements is true under ordinary conditions?
A. DNA and RNA lasts only for a short time within a cell.
B. DNA lasts forever within a cell while RNA lasts only for a short period of time.
C. RNA lasts forever within a cell while DNA lasts only for a short period of time.
D. DNA and RNA both last forever within a cell.
32. Which defines a codon?
A. A protein formed by transcription through the breaking apart of H bonds.
B. A free-floating base that attaches to an open DNA strand.
C. The genetic code word of three bases on mRNA that specify one amino acid.
D. The strong bond between two complementary nitrogen bases.
33. How many amino acids should code for a sequence of DNA that reads: 5’ ATGCCTGAATCAGCTTTA 3’, after all the steps
of conversion are complete?
A. 6 B. 5 C. 8 D. 7
34. RNA molecules differ from DNA in the following ways EXCEPT ________
A. It has ribose, not deoxyribose as its 5-carbon sugar. C. It is single stranded
B. It has no adenine content D. It is shorter and smaller
35. The image on the right side illustrates what evolutionary concept?
A. embryological similarities C. vestigial structures
B. variation among species D. homologous structures

36. The distinction between homologous and analogous structures can be summarized as follows:
A. Homologous structures share common ancestral origins while analogous structures do not.
B. Analogous structures share common ancestral origins while homologous structures do not.
C. Homologous structures are like bird wings and bat wings, while analogous structures are like dolphin and shark
body plans.
D. Analogous structures are like bird wings and dolphin body plans, while homologous structures are like shark
body plans and bat wings.
37. When lions prey on a herd of zebra, some zebras were killed and some escaped.
Which part of Darwin’s concept of Natural selection might be used to describe this situation?
A. acquired characteristics C. survival of the fittest
B. reproductive isolation D. descent with modification
38. During a study session about evolution, one of your fellow students remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck while
reaching for higher leaves; its offspring inherited longer necks as a result." Which statement is most likely to be helpful in
correcting this student's misconception?
A. Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on
through genes.
B. Spontaneous mutations can result in the appearance of new traits.
C. Disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance.
D. Only favorable adaptations have survival value.
39. Currently, two surviving elephant species (X and Y) are placed in the genus Loxodonta, and a third species (Z) is placed
in the genus Elephas. Thus, which statement should be true?
A. Species X and Y share a greater number of homologies with each other than either does with species Z.
B. Species X and Y are the result of artificial selection from an ancestral species Z.
C. Species X and Y share a common ancestor that is still existing.
D. Species X and Y are not related to species Z.

40. Which of the following examples best illustrates the process of evolution by natural selection?
A. A person with asthma has trouble breathing.
B. A group of species has common DNA sequences.
C. A man and a woman have 10 children together.
D. A population becomes immune to a lethal disease over many generations.

41. Frogs, lizards, and birds all have a similar arrangement of bones in their limbs. Which of the following does this
similarity most likely indicate about these animals?
A. They move in the same way. C. They evolved at the same time.
B. They have a common ancestry. D. They are comparable in size as adults.

42. Which of the following statements best describes how this information provides evidence for evolution?
A. It shows how different organisms sometimes look alike.
B. It shows that herbivores are the strongest selection force on organisms.
C. It shows that a variety of structures can be effective in protecting an organism from herbivores.
D. It shows that environmental pressures can cause unrelated organisms to change in similar ways

43. Some scientists use molecular evidence to study evolution. One type of molecular evidence is the amino acid
sequence of particular proteins in various species. Which of the following best describes what the study of these
sequences reveals about the species?
A. The more similar sequences are, the faster the species will coevolve
B. The more similar the sequences are, the more closely related the species are
C. The longer the sequences are, the earlier the species evolved in geologic history
D. The longer the sequences are, the more adapted the species are to their environments.

44. Which of the following provides the most conclusive evidence that organisms of two
different species share a common ancestor?
A. They live in the same ecosystem. C. They have similar DNA sequences.
B. They reproduce at the same time. D. They have similar body movements.

II. MATHCHING TYPE

Directions: Match the following description with the given genetic disorder. Write only the letter that corresponds to each
item.
A. Description B. Genetic Disorder
___1. contains X Chromosome only instead of XX or XY. A. Edwards syndrome
___2. contains extra X chromosome. B. Jacobsen syndrome
___3. contains extra copy of chromosome 21. C. Cri du chat
___4. Deletion of part of chromosome 5. D. Down syndrome
___5. A trisomy of chromosome 18 E. Turner's Syndrome
___6. A terminal 11q deletion disorder F. Klinefelter's syndrome