What is motivation defined as?

✗ - The process of setting goals

✗ - The process of completing tasks efficiently
✗ - The process of managing employees
✓ - The process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behaviour
According to Muogbo (2013), what do motivated employees constantly look for?
✓ - Improved practices to do their job
✗ - Ways to compete with their colleagues
✗ - Ways to avoid work
✗ - Ways to impress their superiors
What role does employee performance play in determining organizational success?
✓ - A critical role
✗ - No role
✗ - An unpredictable role
✗ - A minor role
What are the two categories of motivation theories?
✓ - Content theories and process theories
✗ - Social theories and economic theories
✗ - Individual theories and group theories
✗ - Behavioral theories and cognitive theories
Which theory is part of the content theories of motivation?
✗ - Goal setting theory
✗ - Expectancy theory
✗ - Equity theory
✓ - Maslow's hierarchy
What do people compare when applying the equity theory?
✗ - The rewards they receive and the goals they achieve
✗ - The work they perform and the effort they put in
✓ - The work they perform and the rewards they receive
✗ - The rewards they receive and the effort they put in
What are the likely outcomes when people perceive an imbalance of rewards for effort?
✓ - Unhappiness, reduced work efforts, and possible exit from the organization
✗ - Maintaining consistent work effort
✗ - Feelings of guilt and increased work efforts
✗ - Increased motivation and higher work efforts
What do positive job attitudes help predict?
✗ - Job turnover
✓ - Constructive behaviors
✗ - Job dissatisfaction
✗ - Undesirable behaviors
What is job involvement?
✗ - Believing that the organization values your contribution
✗ - Being satisfied with a job
✗ - Being committed to a job
✓ - Identifying with a job, actively participating in it, and considering performance as important to self-worth
What is employee engagement?
✗ - Believing that the organization values your contribution
✓ - Involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work one does
✗ - Considering performance as important to self-worth
✗ - Being committed to the organization
What is motivation defined as?
✗ - The process of managing employees
✓ - The process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behaviour
✗ - The process of setting goals
✗ - The process of achieving personal goals
According to Muogbo (2013), what do motivated employees constantly look for?
✗ - Opportunities for promotion
✗ - Ways to avoid work
✗ - Recognition from their peers
✓ - Improved practices to do their job
What role does employee performance play in determining organizational success?
✗ - An insignificant role
✗ - A minor role
✗ - No role
✓ - A critical role
What are the two types of motivation theories?
✗ - Individual motivation and group motivation
✗ - Motivation by rewards and motivation by punishment
✓ - Content theories and process theories
✗ - Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation
Which theory is part of the content theories of motivation?
✓ - Maslow's hierarchy
✗ - Equity theory
✗ - Cognitive evaluation theory
✗ - Goal setting theory
What is the equity theory?
✗ - People are motivated by rewards
✗ - People are motivated by intrinsic factors
✓ - People compare the work they perform and the rewards they receive to others
✗ - People are motivated by punishment
What are the likely outcomes when people perceive an imbalance of rewards for effort
according to the equity theory?
✗ - Feelings of guilt and increased work efforts
✗ - Maintaining consistent work effort
✓ - Unhappiness, reduced work efforts, and possible exit from the organization
✗ - Increased motivation and work efforts
What are job attitudes?
✗ - The skills and knowledge required for a job
✗ - The tasks and responsibilities of a job
✗ - The salary and benefits of a job
✓ - Positive or negative evaluative statements that relate to objects, people, and events
What is job involvement?
✗ - The emotional attachment to the organization and its beliefs
✓ - Identifying with a job, actively participating in it, and considering performance as important to self-worth
✗ - The belief that the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being
✗ - The perceived economic value of remaining with an organization vs leaving
What is job satisfaction?
✓ - An enjoyable or positive emotional state based on the evaluation of one's job or job experiences
✗ - The emotional attachment to the organization and its beliefs
✗ - The belief that the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being
✗ - The perceived economic value of remaining with an organization vs leaving
What is motivation defined as?
✓ - The process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behaviour
✗ - The process of setting goals
✗ - The process of achieving personal goals
✗ - The process of managing employees
According to Muogbo (2013), what do motivated employees constantly look for?
✗ - Recognition from their peers
✗ - More vacation time
✗ - Higher salaries
✓ - Improved practices to do their job
What role does employee performance play in determining organizational success?
✓ - A critical role
✗ - A minor role
✗ - An insignificant role
✗ - No role
What are the two types of motivation theories?
✗ - Individual theories and group theories
✓ - Content theories and process theories
✗ - Behavioral theories and cognitive theories
✗ - Social theories and economic theories
Which theory is part of the content theories of motivation?
✗ - Goal setting theory
✗ - Cognitive evaluation theory
✓ - Maslow's hierarchy
✗ - Equity theory
What do people compare when applying the equity theory?
✗ - The time they spend at work
✗ - Their work performance with their colleagues
✓ - The work they perform and the rewards they receive
✗ - The effort they put into their work
What are the likely outcomes when people perceive an imbalance of rewards for effort?
✗ - Maintaining consistent work effort
✓ - Unhappiness, reduced work efforts, and possible exit from the organization
✗ - Increased motivation and higher work efforts
✗ - Feelings of guilt and increased work efforts
What do positive job attitudes help predict?
✗ - Undesirable behaviors
✓ - Constructive behaviors
✗ - Employee turnover
✗ - Job dissatisfaction
What is job involvement?
✗ - The emotional attachment to the organization and its beliefs
✗ - The belief that the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being
✓ - Identifying with a job, actively participating in it, and considering performance as important to self-worth
✗ - The obligation to remain with the organization for moral or ethical reasons
What is job satisfaction?
✓ - An enjoyable or positive emotional state based on the evaluation of your job or job experiences
✗ - The belief that the work provides meaning
✗ - The perception of fair rewards
✗ - The involvement and satisfaction with the work

John has been working in the same position for a company for over 5 years. He is not
interested in promotions and is happy doing his current job. He does not show any
interest in taking up new responsibilities. Which of the following best describes John’s
attitude?

A. High job involvement

B. Low job involvement

C. High job satisfaction

D. High job commitment

Answer: B. Low job involvement

Sarah, a team leader in a multinational company, notices that one of her team members,
Mark, has been performing poorly. She learns that Mark feels his efforts are not
recognized and he is not treated fairly compared to his peers. Which theory of
motivation might explain Mark’s situation?

A. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

B. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory

C. Equity Theory

D. Expectancy Theory

Answer: C. Equity Theory

Emma loves her job as a graphic designer. She enjoys the creative aspects of her job
and feels accomplished when she finishes a design. However, she is not happy with the
pay and feels she should be earning more. According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory,
which factors are influencing Emma’s job satisfaction?

A. Hygiene factors

B. Motivational factors

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

Answer: C. Both A and B

David has been with his current employer for 10 years. Despite receiving several job
offers from other companies, he chooses to stay because he feels a sense of loyalty and
attachment to his team and the organization. This scenario best illustrates:

A. Job satisfaction

B. Job involvement

C. Organizational commitment

D. Job stability

Answer: C. Organizational commitment

Question: Describe the concept of motivation in the context of organizational behaviour.

How does it influence an employee’s performance?

o Answer: Motivation in the context of organizational behaviour refers to the set of

internal and external forces that initiate work-related behaviour, and determine its
form, direction, intensity, and duration. It influences an employee’s performance as it
determines the level of effort and persistence displayed in the face of obstacles. The
 higher the level of motivation, the more likely an employee is to work diligently and
strive to achieve their work goals.

Question: Explain the role of job satisfaction in an organization and how it impacts
work-related attitudes.

o Answer: Job satisfaction is the extent to which people like or dislike their jobs. It
plays a crucial role in an organization as it directly impacts an employee’s attitude
towards their work, colleagues, and the organization as a whole. High job satisfaction
can lead to positive work attitudes such as increased commitment, reduced turnover,
and improved performance. Conversely, low job satisfaction can lead to negative
work attitudes such as absenteeism, low morale, and decreased productivity.

Question: Discuss the relationship between motivation and job satisfaction.

o Answer: Motivation and job satisfaction are closely related concepts in

organizational behaviour. While motivation refers to the drive and effort an
individual is willing to expend on work, job satisfaction refers to the feelings an
individual has about their job. When an individual is highly motivated and finds their
work rewarding and fulfilling, it often leads to high job satisfaction. Conversely, if an
individual is not motivated by their work, it can lead to dissatisfaction.

Question: How can an organization foster positive work-related attitudes among its
employees?

o Answer: An organization can foster positive work-related attitudes by creating a

supportive work environment, providing opportunities for growth and development,
recognizing and rewarding employee achievements, promoting work-life balance,
and ensuring fair treatment of all employees. Additionally, effective communication,
constructive feedback, and employee involvement in decision-making can also
contribute to positive work-related attitudes.