Drilling Parameters

(Draw Work – Hook Load – Stand Pipe Pressure – Casing Pressure –

Revolution Per Minute – Rotary Torque)

1. Draw work:
Function:
This sensor is used to detect the Kelly
position and the direction of the Kelly
(Up or down).

Operation/ Installation:
Draw work sensor is 4 wires sensor, every 2
wires is supplied by 8VDC and
Send the detection as pulses to the
processing board (DAQ) to process the
Signal of the two proximity switch sensors.
The draw work gear has a specific numbers of teeth and the inductive
Sensors detect the gear movement in which direction and how many teeth moved from the
previous position.

Installation position

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 2. Hook Load (Tension type):
Function:
Measuring the hook load of the string.

Operation theory:
It is mainly working on conversion of
tension force into electrical signal that can
be detected and processed by the system.

Sensor Installation:
 Find an acceptable site to install the
TCE- 100K, keeping in mind the following:
a. The best place to install the device is close to the anchor; this reduces cable sway and
vibration. The shortest distance from the anchor to the TCE-100K is 3 feet (0.914m).
b. Reduce cable–routing effort by considering the location of the data- acquisition unit to
which the TCE-100K is attached.
 Make sure that the crank retaining screw is in place and tight
 Loosen the yoke by rotating the crank counterclockwise.
 Rotate the crank until there is enough gap to allow installation.
 Open the clamp by lowering the clamping mechanism and rotating it 180 degrees. This
allows the installation of the wire rope.
 Close the clamp by rotating 180 degrees, make sure that the holes in the clamping.
 Block line up with the guideposts.
 Tighten the clamp by rotating the crank clockwise one full turn after the wire rope contacts
the transducer body.
 When installing signal cable, PIN A is (-) signal and PIN C is (+) signal. Secure the cable near
the sensor, providing strain relief and preventing accelerated cable wear.
 Attach RF ground lead (minimum 1 inch ground braid) to one of the four socket head cap
screws next to the signal connector.

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 3. Stand Pipe Pressure/ Casing Pressure (Hummer Union type) :
Function:
Measuring the Stand Pipe Pressure/ Casing Pressure.

Operation principle:
The pressure-measuring cell is the heart of the
pressure transmitter converting the pressure into an
electrical signal. This pressure dependent signal is converted
by the integrated electronics into a standardized output
signal.

Installation:
This type of pressure sensor is put directly on the flow pipe of mud pipe or casing pipe.

4. Stand Pipe Pressure/ Casing Pressure (Transducer type):

Function:
Measuring the Stand Pipe Pressure/ Casing Pressure/ Hook Load.
Operation principle:
The pressure-measuring cell is the heart of the pressure
transmitter converting the pressure into an electrical signal. This
pressure dependent signal is converted by the integrated
electronics into a standardized output signal.
Installation:
This type of pressure sensor is put on a diaphragm; the
measured fluid is pushing the diaphragm and consequently the oil
between diaphragm and the pressure sensor.

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 5. Rotation Per Minute (Magnetic type):
Function:
RPM sensor is used to count the number of
rotations of the drill pipes or
(Kelly or top drive) per minute.

Operation Principal:
Inductive proximity sensors are designed on the
electrical theories and applications of magnetic,
electrical, eddy current, capacitance and inductance
methods; Inductance is where a fluctuating current, which has a magnetic component, induces
an electromotive force, this inductance is increased by passing a current through a tightly coiled
wire.

Installation:
RPM sensor is being installed in front of the rotary table’s target (in case of Kelly), but in
case of top drive, it is being installed on the Top drive itself (in front of a special shaft).while
installing RPM sensor, you should consider the maximum distance between sensor’s surface
and the target which usually is less than 10 cm.

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