Service Information

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Servo system, description 914 Service Information 2024/01/08
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L150H Volvo

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Servo system, description

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Valid for serial numbers

Model Production site Serial number start Serial number stop
L150H Volvo Arvika 4001 5823
L150H Volvo Arvika 5825 5919
L150H Volvo Arvika 9001 9184
L150H Volvo Arvika 14001 14266

The hydraulic servo system controls the working hydraulic system and is supplied primarily by oil from hydraulic pump P2
and is supported by pump P1. Affected main components for the hydraulic servo system are hydraulic pump P1 and P2,
central valve, main control valve, and boom lowering valve.
General function
As soon as the engine starts, oil from pump P2 will be directed to the central valve’s port P and its prioritization spool. The
prioritization spool maintains a standby pressure for steering function, where all surplus oil is directed to working hydraulics,
to the servo system, and to charging of the accumulator for the boom lowering function.
If the machine's steering is used, the prioritization spool in the central valve will prevent pump P2 from supplying the servo
circuit with oil. For these cases only hydraulic pump P1 will maintain a sufficient servo standby pressure via a non-return
valve.
Even though working hydraulics and steering can reach high oil pressures, a pressure limiting valve in the central valve
ensures that the servo circuit's oil pressure does not exceed approx. 37 bar (537 psi), see figure below.
Figure 1
Oil from pump P2 supplying the servo circuit and working hydraulic system via the prioritization spool (currently no
steering).

Orange Servo pressure

Red Working pressure
Green Return oil

1. Central valve
2. Main control valve
3. Boom lowering valve
4. Pressure limiting valve, servo circuit

From the central valve’s port PR, servo pressure oil is directed to the boom lowering valve where the accumulator for the
boom lowering function is charged via a non-return valve. The purpose of the accumulator is to provide sufficient servo
pressure for affecting the directional spool in the main control valve, so that the boom can be lowered safely with the engine
off.
From the boom lowering valve, servo pressure oil is directed to the main control valve’s port PP. The servo pressure oil is
directed to the corresponding hydraulic function’s PWM-valve. When energized these PWM-valves will direct servo pressure
oil on its control spool to obtain desired hydraulic function. When not energized, the PWM-valves allow oil from the control
spools to be drained to tank and blocks servo pressure oil from the central valve, thereby the hydraulic function remains
unaffected.
Other hydraulic control valves, for optional hydraulic equipment, are also supplied by oil on the corresponding servo
pressure port's inlet.
Control of working hydraulics
Lift, lower, and tilt functions are controlled via electric servo levers FX1024 or FX1025 which are connected to GPMECU2, see
figure below.
Depending on the affected servo lever, GPMECU2 sends a signal to the corresponding PWM-valve, PWM9101/PWM9102 or
PWM9103/PWM9104 located on the main control valve, to obtain desired hydraulic function. Calibration and adjustments of
servo lever performance for the working hydraulic system can be performed with corresponding operations in Tech Tool.

Figure 2
Electric servo system, signal diagram overview.

GPMECU2 General purpose machine electronic control unit

FX1024 Lever, lift/lower
FX1025 Lever, tilt
SW9174 Electric lever lock
PWM9101 Boom up
PWM9102 Boom down
PWM9103 Tilt-in
PWM9104 Tilt-out

An affected servo lever will reach its so-called sensing point at full lever stroke. In this position the GPMECU2 provides
corresponding PWM-valve with 100% current to obtain full oil flow to desired hydraulic function. The PWM-valve's position,
see figure below, will be maintained even if the lever is moved passed its sensing point (see 100% and 120% lever stroke,
respectively).

Figure 3
Output current to PWM-valve as a function of lever stroke.

X Lever stroke (%)

Y Output PWM-current (%)

The purpose of sensing points is to avoid unintended hold (detent) function if these are activated, but still maintain
maximum oil flow to the hydraulic function. See Working hydraulic system, description for more information about hold
(detent) hydraulic function.
Hydraulic safety features
Servo pressure can be prevented from being directed to the hydraulic control valves if the lever lock switch SW9174 is
engaged. This switch disables the electric servo control levers.
To obtain emergency boom lowering function, the ignition key must be in position "I" when the engine is off and the servo
circuit accumulator must be charged.
For more information about safety when working with hydraulic systems, see Safety when working on hydraulic systems.
Parameters
Relevant parameters for servo system function.

Parameter (code) Setting

- -

Supplementary information

¡ Central valve, description

¡ Control valve, description
¡ Working hydraulic system, description
¡ Working hydraulic system, component location
¡ Hydraulic pumps, description
¡ Hydraulic diagram, basic machine
¡ Lever control, electric servo, description
 ¡ 3rd, or 3rd/4th hydraulic function, description
¡ Hydraulic diagram, complete

Function check

¡ Servo pressure, checking and adjusting

¡ Accumulator removed, checking
¡ Tech Tool op. 91402–3 Electric servo Lift/Lower, test
¡ Tech Tool op. 91403–3 Electric servo Tilt in/out, test

Diagnostics
Detailed information about relevant warnings and error codes are available under the diagnostics tab.