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    This document provides a more detailed table classifying microorganisms based on various characteristics and example techniques. It outlines morphological characteristics like cell shape, arrangement, and presence of flagella or pili. It also discusses phylogenetic techniques like 16S rRNA gene sequencing and comparative genomics. Additionally, it examines physiological characteristics such as growth requirements, metabolic capabilities, antibiotic susceptibility, and other traits. The table indicates which characteristics are most important in microbial classification and provides examples of techniques used to analyze each characteristic.

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    This document provides a more detailed table classifying microorganisms based on various characteristics and example techniques. It outlines morphological characteristics like cell shape, arrangement, and presence of flagella or pili. It also discusses phylogenetic techniques like 16S rRNA gene sequencing and comparative genomics. Additionally, it examines physiological characteristics such as growth requirements, metabolic capabilities, antibiotic susceptibility, and other traits. The table indicates which characteristics are most important in microbial classification and provides examples of techniques used to analyze each characteristic.

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    3 views3 pages

    Classifying Microorganisms

    Uploaded by

    2022337020
    This document provides a more detailed table classifying microorganisms based on various characteristics and example techniques. It outlines morphological characteristics like cell shape, arrangement, and presence of flagella or pili. It also discusses phylogenetic techniques like 16S rRNA gene sequencing and comparative genomics. Additionally, it examines physiological characteristics such as growth requirements, metabolic capabilities, antibiotic susceptibility, and other traits. The table indicates which characteristics are most important in microbial classification and provides examples of techniques used to analyze each characteristic.

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    of 3

    Classifying Microorganisms: A More Detailed Table

    Example Importance in
    Characteristic Sub-categories
    Techniques Classification

    * Direct
    * Cell Shape: Cocci
    microscopy *
    (round), Bacilli (rod- Indicates basic type of
    Electron
    shaped), Spirilla (spiral), organism, potential
    Morphological microscopy *
    Vibrio (comma-shaped), motility, and cell wall
    Staining
    Coccobacilli (oval), composition.
    techniques (e.g.,
    Filamentous
    Gram stain)

    Provides clues about


    * Direct
    * Cell Arrangement: cell division patterns
    microscopy *
    Single, Pairs, Chains, and potential
    Colony
    Clusters, Sheets interactions with
    morphology
    other cells.

    Indicates motility
    * Staining potential and
    * Presence of Flagella or
    techniques (e.g., attachment
    Pili: Flagella
    flagellar stains) * capabilities,
    (locomotion), Pili
    Electron suggesting ecological
    (attachment)
    microscopy roles and virulence
    factors.

    * Capsule or Cell Wall Identifies specific


    Composition: * Staining groups of organisms,
    Presence/absence, techniques (e.g., aids in pathogenicity
    composition (e.g., capsule stains) * assessment, and
    peptidoglycan, Chemical analysis influences antibiotic
    glycoproteins) susceptibility.

    Phylogenetic * 16S rRNA Gene * PCR Gold standard for


    Sequencing: Identifies amplification and bacterial and archaeal
    bacterial and archaeal sequencing of identification, highly
    conserved but with
    species 16S rRNA gene variable regions for
    species discrimination.

    Reveals evolutionary
    relationships,
    * Whole-genome
    * Comparative identifies functional
    sequencing and
    Genomics: Comparison genes, and provides
    bioinformatic
    of entire genomes insights into metabolic
    analyses
    pathways and
    potential applications.

    Confirms closely
    * DNA-DNA * Hybridization of
    related species and
    Hybridization: Measures labeled DNA
    subspecies, valuable
    similarity between DNA probes to target
    for taxonomic
    strands organisms
    revisions.

    * Growth Requirements:
    * Culture Determines ecological
    Temperature, pH,
    experiments in niche, potential
    Physiological Oxygen requirements,
    different media pathogens, and
    Nutrient needs (carbon,
    and conditions industrial applications.
    nitrogen, etc.)

    * Metabolic Capabilities: * Biochemical Identifies specific


    Carbohydrate tests (e.g., pathways, provides
    fermentation, Protein fermentation insights into energy
    utilization, Lipid tests, enzyme acquisition and
    metabolism, assays) * potential uses in
    Anaerobic/aerobic Metabolic bioremediation or
    respiration profiling biofuel production.

    * Antibiotic * Antibiotic Crucial for clinical


    Susceptibility: Sensitivity susceptibility treatment decisions
    to different antibiotics testing and assessing
    potential antibiotic
    resistance.

    Provides insights into


    * Other Physiological virulence factors,
    Traits: Toxin production, * Specific assays communication
    Motility patterns, and tests abilities, and
    Quorum sensing ecological
    interactions.

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