GROUP 4

GEOLOGICAL
STRUCTURES
DCVET 2 - 1
 THE TEAM

Diola, John Cedrick Ferrer, Humphrey Gonzales, Kyle

 THE TEAM

Jualo, Ann Regoita, Christian Turla, Brent

ICE BREAKER
Mission 00: “Guess the Drawing”
 TODAY'S AGENDA

Structural Geology Faults

Presented by: Ms. Jualo, Ann Presented by: Mr. Regoita,

Christian
Importance of Geologic
Strike and Dip
Structures

Presented by: Mr. Diola, John Presented by: Mr. Ferrer &
Cedrick Mr. Gonzales

Folded Structures Bibliography

Presented by: Mr. Turla,

Brent
 OBJECTIVES

• DISCUSS • DISCUSS THE STRUCTURES • LEARN THE

THE OF FOLDS, FAULTS AND ATTITUDE OF
IMPORTANCE JOINTS AND THEIR
BEDS
OF GEOLOGIC BEARING ON ENGINEERING
STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION
STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
is the study of the shapes,
arrangement, and interrelationships
of bedrock units and the forces that
cause them.
 STRESS AND STRAIN
Stress is a force per unit area
• The three basic types of stress are compressive, tensional, and
shear

Strain is a change in size or shape in response

to stress
• Structures produced are examples of strain that are indicative
of the type of stress and its rate of application, as well the
physical properties of the rock or sediment being stressed
 TODAY'S AGENDA

Structural Geology Faults

Presented by: Ms. Jualo, Ann Presented by: Mr. Regoita,

Christian
Importance of Geologic
Strike and Dip
Structures

Presented by: Mr. Diola, John Presented by: Mr. Ferrer &
Cedrick Mr. Gonzales

Folded Structures Bibliography

Presented by: Mr. Turla,

Brent
 STRIKE AND DIP
are attitudes in the rocks produced by
geologic forces and present after the rocks are
folded (bent) or faulted (cracked and moved
along the crack)
 ATTITUDES OF ROCKS

Strike - an imaginary line with compass

direction constructed on the surface of a
sedimentary bed or fault in which all points on
that line are of equal elevation.
Dip - is an imaginary line constructed down-
slope on a sedimentary bed or fault.
ADDITIONAL
QUIZ
 TODAY'S AGENDA

Structural Geology Faults

Presented by: Ms. Jualo, Ann Presented by: Mr. Regoita,

Christian
Importance of Geologic
Strike and Dip
Structures

Presented by: Mr. Diola, John Presented by: Mr. Ferrer &
Cedrick Mr. Gonzales

Folded Structures Bibliography

Presented by: Mr. Turla,

Brent
 [1] Convergent Plate Boundary
FOLDED STRUCTURES

Also known as deformation

of ductile rocks. [2] Lateral Shears

Stack of planar rock

surfaces that are bent or
deformed due to several [3] Compressive Stress
reason:
TYPES OF FOLDS
Anticline
Oldest rock layers are
typically found at the
center of the fold.
 TYPES OF FOLDS
Syncline

A series of down-
arched strata with
limbs dipping inward in
opposite directions
toward its central
portion of folding.
 TYPES OF FOLDS
Dome Basin
an up-arched series A down-arched series
of strata that dips of strata that dips in
away from the center towards the center.
forming a roughly
circular or elliptical
structure.
 TYPES OF FOLDS
Dome Basin
ADDITIONAL
TYPES OF FOLDS
Monocline
Simplest type of folds
which consist of only
one direction of dip.
 TODAY'S AGENDA

Structural Geology Faults

Presented by: Ms. Jualo, Ann Presented by: Mr. Regoita,

Christian
Importance of Geologic
Strike and Dip
Structures

Presented by: Mr. Diola, John Presented by: Mr. Ferrer &
Cedrick Mr. Gonzales

Folded Structures Bibliography

Presented by: Mr. Turla,

Brent
 FAULTS
It refers to an area of
fractures or a break
between rock formations
that allows these blocks to
shift in relation to each
other.
 VERTICAL
DIP-SLIP FAULT

A vertical or dip-slip fault involves

movement along the dip of the
fault plane.
 NORMAL
FAULTS
It occurs when the crust is
extended. This type of fault is also
often called an extensional fault,
and in this situation, the hanging
wall moves downward relative to
the footwall.
 REVERSE
FAULT
It occurs when the hanging wall
moves upward concerning the
footwall. When this reverse fault
has a shallow angle, it's
specifically termed a thrust fault.
 HORIZONTAL
STRIKE-SLIP FAULT

A strike slip fault is a fault zone

where two blocks of land move
horizontally rather than vertically
along a fault plane.
 TRANSFORM
FAULT BOUNDARY

A transform boundary is a type of

strike-slip fault that occurs
between crustal plates. The San
Andreas Fault is the most famous
transform fault.
 Additional Info
In strike-slip faulting, the blocks of crust on either side
of the fault move laterally, either to the left (sinistral)
or to the right (dextral) relative to one another. These
faults are closely associated with crustal shear,
leading to the lateral displacement of rock blocks.
Strike-slip faults are commonly referred to as wrench
faults due to the twisting or shearing motion they
generate within the Earth's crust.
 TODAY'S AGENDA

Structural Geology Faults

Presented by: Ms. Jualo, Ann Presented by: Mr. Regoita,

Christian
Importance of Geologic
Strike and Dip
Structures

Presented by: Mr. Diola, John Presented by: Mr. Ferrer &
Cedrick Mr. Gonzales

Folded Structures Bibliography

Presented by: Mr. Turla,

Brent
 IMPORTANCE OF
GEOLOGIC
STRUCTURES

• It can help us examine
patterns and pinpoint geological
features.
• Can discover deformation
histories.
• Able to evaluate the geological
risks.
• Natural gas and oil are created and
trapped in subterranean folds.
• Faults, joints, and cracks can serve as a
conduit for groundwater and a home for
precious mineral deposits such as gold,
silver, and copper ores.
 IMPORTANCE OF
GEOLOGIC
STRUCTURES
• To identify potentially • To create design specifications
challenging ground conditions • To have the best selection of
before completing detailed engineering materials for
design and building. construction.
• To choose the ideal location for • Geologic structures determine
engineering purposes.. ground stability, and where to build
cities.
 References
[1] PARBIN SIGNH, “ENGINEERING AND GENERAL GEOLOGY”, KATSON PUBLICATION HOUSE
[2] P.C. VARGHESE, “ENGINEERING GEOLOGY FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS”. PHI LEARNING PVT. LTD.,
[3] WICANDER, REED “ESSENTIALS OF PHYSICAL GEOLOGY” 2009, 5TH EDITION.
[4]HTTPS://GEO.LIBRETEXTS.ORG/BOOKSHELVES/GEOLOGY/GEOLOGICAL_STRUCTURES_-
_A_PRACTICAL_INTRODUCTION_(WALDRON_AND_SNYDER)/01%3A_TOPICS/1.01%3A_GEOLOGICAL_STRUCTURES#:~:TEXT=
SUCH%20STRUCTURES%20CAN%20TELL%20US,IN%20WHICH%20THEY%20ARE%20FOUND.
[5] HTTPS://WWW.VEDANTU.COM/GEOGRAPHY/STRUCTURAL-GEOLOGY
[6] HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/USAMAZIA1/STRUCTURAL-GEOLOGY-40200360#42
[7] HTTPS://WWW.STUDYPOOL.COM/DOCUMENTS/5758646/CIVIL-ENGINEERING-STRUCTURAL-GEOLOGY
[8] HTTPS://WWW.USGS.GOV/FAQS/WHAT-A-FAULT-AND-WHAT-ARE-DIFFERENT-TYPES
[9] HTTPS://WWW.KIDS-FUN-SCIENCE.COM/STRIKE-SLIP-FAULT.HTML
 TODAY'S AGENDA

Structural Geology Faults

Presented by: Ms. Jualo, Ann Presented by: Mr. Regoita,

Christian
Importance of Geologic
Strike and Dip
Structures

Presented by: Mr. Diola, John Presented by: Mr. Ferrer &
Cedrick Mr. Gonzales

Folded Structures Bibliography

Presented by: Mr. Turla,

Brent
 THE TEAM

Diola, John Cedrick Ferrer, Humphrey Gonzales, Kyle

 THE TEAM

Jualo, Ann Regoita, Christian Turla, Brent

THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!