Abstract: The structural fracture of the compressor blade is the main cause of fatigue failure.

The
novelty of this paper is the creative application of bent swept-back modeling to the blade of the
turbocharger impeller. This paper is based on a compressor impeller satisfying the k-# turbulence
model. A simulation model was established in ANSYS software, the fluid–structure interaction was
calculated in the three models before and after improvement, and the results were compared and
analyzed. The optimized blade could improve the blade structure, reduce stress and deformation, and
improve the pressurization ratio. In this paper, the optimization scheme of different parameters was
discussed in line with the optimal solution. Based on the combination of fuzzy and grey correlation
theory, it was concluded that the correlation between pressure and total deformation was higher than
that of equivalent stress, and these two values reached 0.8596 and 0.8001, respectively. The results
showed that the pressure and total deformation were significantly related to the flow rate. It provides
a feasible scheme for further improvement of the supercharger compressorrunoff blade with a shaft guide wheel [14]. After
entering the 21st century, due to the
further improvement of the degree of pressurization and the demand for a wide efficient
flow range, a large number of swept blades with a sweep angle of 20–50_ are adopted,
which greatly improves the performance of the compressor impeller and turbocharger
stage. A performance evaluation test was carried out for the sweep angle = 30_, the
influence of the leading-edge sweep angle on the performance of the delta blade turbine,
and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow around the turbine are analyzed. The
literature data show that the leading-edge sweep angle influences the turbine efficiency
and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow around the turbine [15]. The continuous
progress of science and technology provides objective conditions for turbo machinery to
develop in the direction of high speed, high load, and automation, and also puts forward
higher and higher requirements for turbomachinery in terms of speed, capacity, efficiency,
safety, and reliability [16,17]. However, turbo machinery often has a variety of faults, such
as impeller and blade row being able to resonate with any excitation generated by turbo
machinery, affecting its normal operation. Fatigue is often the root cause of rotating parts
failure, and sometimes there will be even serious machine damage and fatal accidents,
resulting in huge economic losses [18].
In the design method of the turbocharger, the aerodynamics calculation, flow field
analysis, and structure design of compressor and turbine are implemented by computer
for many years. Subsequently, the aerodynamic calculation, three-way flow field analysis,
impeller and blade profile design, and strength analysis of the centrifugal compressor are
carried out by computer. At present, major turbocharger manufacturers have advanced
CAD/CAM and cat systems, and conduct three-dimensional viscous flow modeling and
verification analysis [19].
The root of the blade is usually the point of maximum stress. To reduce the maximum
stress here, the structural parameters of the turbine blade can be adjusted [20]. At the
same time, the adjustment of the blade aerodynamic model can improve the turbocharger
ratio. Naik et al. [21] analyzed the vibration stress of different blade shapes and deduced
the relationship between the total stress and the thickness of the blade. The research of
Sadanandam et al. [22] showed that to improve the blade bearing higher temperature
and pressure in the thermal cycle, the operating speed could be changed appropriately
or the blade material could be changed. To optimize the flow field in the compressor,
Wang et al. [23] made a comparative analysis of different flow fields at different inclination
angles in this section. These studies showed that optimization of blade aerodynamic
characteristics, in other words, the shape, could positively impact all aspects of turbocharger
characteristics [24]. However, design analysis of the upper blade (that is, the windward
side) of the blade is rare when searching [25], which provides ideas for the research strategy
and innovation of this paper [26].
In recent years, the first stage blades of each aero-engine turbocharger are bent towards
the leading edge and the swept-back. The reason is that this kind of type can effectively
reduce the blade fatigue failure rate, and at the same time, the efficiency and the outflow
rate are meant to be significantly improved.
The purpose of this paper is to translate and apply these ideas to the impeller of
turbochargers. On this basis, a new type of blade is developed. The advantages of the new
blade in pressure, stress, and deformation are illustrated by software simulation, and a
more suitable blade size is obtained by comparison.
2. Materials and Methods
With the continuous improvement of various design parameters of the compressor,
the running conditions and dynamic characteristics of the impeller are becoming more and
more complex. Considering only the static stress under centrifugal force, the reliability of
the impeller cannot be satisfied. As the core part of the compressor, the interaction between