Lesson Title: Describing the Characteristics of maintain stability while adjusting sperm and egg for a partner

fertilization leads to o Offers advantages

Living Things (SAS 1) to conditions that are optimal for genetic diversity and in rapid
survival. adaptation. production growth
o Bi parental and adaptation in
o Germ cells are stable
DYNAMIC EQUILIBIUM involved environments.
ORGANIZATION o Offspring are not o Reproduction is
o Continuous change occurs yet genetically identical FAST
o Life originated on a hierarchical structure relatively uniform conditions to parents o No Variation
o Reproduction is
that functions together seamlessly. prevail. SLOWER
o Genetic Variation
HERIDITY
METABOLISM
o Refers to the genetic heritage
Plant Animal
o The ability to acquire and utilize energy to passed down by our biological Reproduction Reproduction
sustain life process parents.
Life Cycle Alteration of No Alteration of
MOVEMENT Generations Generations
RESPONSE TO STIMULI Gametes Haploid Gametes Haploid Gametes
o Living things need to move to find
o Living things respond to changes in their nutrition, to breed, to excrete waste Spores Haploid Spores No spores
environment; this adaptability ensures products, to respire, to get a sense
survival. of the world, and to grow. Gametes Haploid Diploid Organism, by
Made by gametophyte, by Meiosis
Mitosis
REPRODUCTION ADAPTATION Spores made Diploid sporophyte, No spores
by by Meiosis
o The ability to produce offspring; and o The ability to change over time in
ensure the continuation of their species. response to the environment.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Lesson Title: PLANT AND ANIMAL

REPRODUCTION, NUTRITION AND GAS
o Increase in size, shape, and changes in EXHANGE (SAS 2)
features NUTRITION

ADAPTABILITY  Refers to the activities by which

living things obtain raw materials
o Evolve and adapt over time; species change from the environment and
and develop traits better suited for their transport them into their cells.
REPRODUCTION
environment.

o The process by which plants and animals

produce offspring. There are two main
HOMEOSTASIS forms: sexual and asexual reproduction.

o Self–regulating process by which SEXUAL ASEXUAL

biological systems tend to o Involves courtships o Reproducing
and the union of without the need
  Is a migratory response that is elicited by PLANTS ANIMALS
chemicals. Hydrophytes - a plant that Living together
grows either partly or
THERMOTROPISM totally submerged in water.
 Is a movement or growth in response to also : a plant growing in
heat or temperature. waterlogged soil.
hydrophytic.
PHOTOTAXIS Hygrophytes - a plant living Migration - used by a variety
 Is an animal's response toward/away from above ground that is adapted of different species. The most
to the conditions of abundant common reasons for
light stimulus. moisture pads of surrounding migration are finding food
HYDROTROPISM air. and a good place to mate.
 Is a plant's movement or growth in Halophytes - plants that Hibernation - a state of
response to water. naturally inhabit saline reduced metabolic activity in
HERBIVORES environments and benefit animals that allows them to
PHOTOTROPISM from having substantial
 Animals that eat only plants. amounts of salt in the growth
conserve energy and survive
 The plant's movement in response to light. during periods of extreme
CARNIVORES media. cold or reduced food
CHEMOTROPISM
 Animals that eat only meat availability
 is the movement or growth in response to
OMNIVORES chemicals. Xerophytes - plants that are Artificial Bigness - Some
 Animals that eat plants and animals adapted to very dry animals can puff up or
conditions with a lot of sun expand their body to look
exposure, like cacti and much bigger than they are
ADAPTABILITY succulents. and scare predators.
PARASITE Mesophytes - terrestrial Camouflage - a defense or
 Process of change by which organism or
plants that are neither adapted tactic that organisms use to
 Organisms that get their nutrition species becomes better suited to its to particularly dry nor disguise their appearance,
through attaching themselves on thriving environment. particularly wet environments usually to blend in with their
inside a host.  Often develop in response to a change in the surroundings.
Mimicry - when one species
organism habitat. of animal (the mimic)
REMINDER! resembles another species
that has easily recognizable
characteristics (the model)
and as a result deceives a
Photosynthesis is a process where plants use potential predator (the dupe)
light from the sun to convert carbon dioxide TYPES OF ADAPTABILITY that might otherwise capture
from the air and water from the soil into and eat it.
energy to feed the plant and oxygen is given  PHYSICAL
out in the air. - Special body parts, shapes, skin,
IRRITABILITY
Lesson Title: Exploring Plant and Animal color- that helps organism survive
Irritability and Adaptability (SAS 3) in natural habitat.
PLANTS  PHYSIOLOGICAL ANIMALS
THIGMOTROPHISM - Metabolic changes in an animal
 Is a movement or growth in response to that helps them to survive.
STIMULI
touch or Anything
contact.that  BHEAVIORAL
- When an animal changes
GEOTROPISM will cause an
organism to react behavior to survive the
 A movement or growth in plants in
environment.
response to gravity.
CHEMOTAXIS
ADAPTABILITY
TROPISM The TAXIS is a response in
growth movement and which the organism moves
its direction. forward from the stimulus
 (negative) a light source, is
widespread among marine larvae.  Each inherited trait is defined by a gene
GEOTAXIS pair. Parental genes are randomly
-
a response to gravity, where separated to the sex cells so that sex cells
LAW OF DOMINANCE positive geotaxis means that the contain only one gene of the pair. Offspring
Thermotrophism organism moves with gravity. therefore inherit one genetic allele from
Aerotaxis
THIGMOTAXIS each parent when sex cells unite in
Phototropism Phototaxis - refers to a specific behavior of fertilization.
Geotropism animals (i.e., to stay close to walls  Will be separated
Geotaxis
when exploring an open space)  Gametes will be chromosome
Thigmotropism Thigmotaxis CHEMOTAXIS
Hydrotropism
- an animal must recognize a
Chemotaxis chemical, orient itself in the
gradient, and move in a coordinated
fashion to the peak concentration of
attractant.
REMINDER!!!
- The suffix – tropism is applicable 
LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
to the plants while – Taxis/es is for
animals. Irritability on animals is  Genes for
almost the same with that of plants. different
- The suffix – phytes refers to a traits are
taxonomic group of plants or algae. sorted
- Positive phototropism – growth of separately
plant towards a light resources. from one
AEROTAXIS - Negative Phototropism – growth another so
- Oxygen - dependent migration is away from light. that the
well-characterized in bacteria. inheritance
PHOTOAXIS Lesson Title: The Introduction to Genetics of one trait
- Directi (SAS 7) is not
onal dependent
on the
GREGOR MENDEL inheritance
 discovered the fundamental laws of of another.
inheritance.  Ensure genetic variations
 tracked the segregation of parental genes
and their appearance in the offspring as
dominant or recessive traits.
 Father of genetics  An organism with alternate forms of a gene
 Pisium sativum will express the form that is dominant.
movement along a light vector  Was an Austrian Monk
towards (positive) or away from
LAW OF SEGREGATION
Lesson Title: Feedback Mechanism and
Tracing the Process of Plant and Animal
Excretion (SAS 4)
 takes place in the cells of living organism
which is essential in carrying out the
different life processes. The sum of all these
reactions is called METABOLISM.
EXCRETION
 The removal of metabolic waste product
from the body of an organism due to
metabolism.
REMINDER!
Plants can remove their waste in 3 processes: these
are photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration.
The waste/product that is produced during
photosynthesis is oxygen, meanwhile, in respiration,
carbon dioxide is considered a by-product. Lastly,
the waste that was removed during transpiration in
plants is water. This is excreted through the stomata
of the leaves.
VARIATION
 the tendency of offspring to differ
from parents.
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
 a set of metabolic reactions and processes
that take place in the cells of organisms to
convert biochemical energy from nutrients
into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then
release waste products.
FEEDBACK MECHANISM
PLANTS ANIMALS
Positive Feedback Negative Feedback
- occurs when a - occurs when a stimulus
stimulus creates a chain happens and triggers the
reaction that amplifies organism counteract the
as it goesCHEMICAL REACTION
on. It stimulus. To It completes the
reinforces the stimulus, opposite act, causing the
and results in a much resulting effect to be
larger and much more lessened.
significant response.
HOMEOSTASIS
 the tendency of an organism and maintain
equilibrium, usually through a system of
stabilized health and functioning or cell to
regulate its internal environment feedback
controls (positive and negative), to stabilize
health and functioning.
Purpose of feedback mechanism:
1. If metabolic waste is not removed from the body, it
may become poisonous and kill living cells.
2. It maintains salt balance in the blood.
3. Keeps you from becoming a fecal grenade.