2.1.3.

Legislative initiative and referendum

Santiago v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 127325, Mar. 19, 1997. in relation to RA

6735

Delector, Gunay, Lubiano

2.1.4. Recall

[Angobung v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 126576, Mar. 5, 1997.] Mantes, Oyang-

o, Cerello

2.2.1. In General

Lambino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 174153, Oct. 25, 2006. Gunay, Delector,
Gabriel

2.2.2. Proposal

a. By Congress as a Constituent Assembly

Gonzales v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 28196, Nov. 9, 1967. Ofril, Lubiano,

Mantes

Occena v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 56350, Apr. 2, 1981. Oyang-o, Duncan,

Cerello

c. By People’s Initiative

Santiago v. COMELEC, supra. Delector, Gabriel, Gunay

Lambino v. COMELEC, supra. Lubiano, Mantes, Ofril

d. Outlawed Modes:
[By the President: Sanidad v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 44640, Oct. 12,
1976.Duncan, Cerello, Oyang-o

e. Doctrine of Fair and Proper Submission / Single Plebiscite Rule /

Justiciability

Tolentino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 34150, Oct. 16, 1971.Gabriel, Gunay,

Delector

Planas v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 35925, Jan. 22, 1973. Mantes, Ofril,
Lubiano
[United Democratic Opposition (UNIDO) v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 56515, Apr.
3, 1981.] Cerello, Oyang-o, Duncan

2.2.3. Ratification

[Javellana v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 36142, Mar. 31, 1973.] Lubiano,
Oyang-o, Ofril

D. Constitution of Liberty- LECTURE

3.1. Independent Foreign Policy CONST. art. II, §§ 7-8.

CONST. art. XVIII, §§ 4, 25 (on foreign military bases).

BAYAN v. Executive Secretary, supra. Duncan, Lubiano, Mantes

Saguisag v. Ochoa, G.R. No. 212426, Jan. 12, 2016. Gunay, Ofril, Cerello

3.2.1. Definition of Social Justice CONST. art. XIII, §§ 1-2.

Calalang v. Williams, G.R. No. 47800, Dec. 2, 1940.

3.3. Human Rights

CONST. art. XIII, §§ 17-19.

Cariño v. Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 96681, Dec. 2, 1991. Oyang-o,
Delector, Gabriel

Cudia v. Superintendent of the Philippine Military Academy, G.R. No. 211362,

Feb. 24, 2015.

Lubiano, Mantes, Duncan

3.4. Priority of Education, Science, Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports

CONST. art. XIV.

Guingona v. Carague, G.R. No. 94571, Apr. 22, 1991, in rel. CONST. art. XIV, §
5(5).

Ofril, Cerello, Gunay

3.4.1. Right to Education CONST. art. XIV, § 2.

Department of Education, Culture and Sports v. San Diego, G.R. No. 89572, Dec. 21,
1989.
Delector, Gabriel, Oyang-o

3.4.2. Academic Freedom CONST. art. XIV, § 5(2).

Garcia v. Faculty Admission Committee - Loyola School of Theology, G.R. No.

40779, Nov. 28, 1975. Mantes, Duncan, Lubiano

Non v. Dames II, G.R. No. 89317, May 20, 1990.Cerello, Gunay, Ofril

Calawag v. University of the Philippines Visayas, G.R. No. 207412, Aug. 7, 2013.
Gabriel, Oyang-o, Delector

3.5. Health and Ecology

Oposa v. Factoran, G.R. No. 101083, July 30, 1993.Duncan, Ofril, Gabriel

MMDA v. Concerned Residents of Manila Bay, G.R. No. 171947, Dec. 18, 2008.
Gunay, Lubiano, Delector

3.6. Family as Basic Social Institution CONST. art. XV.

Imbong v. Ochoa, G.R. No. 204819, Apr. 8, 2014 (main op.; Carpio, J.,
concurring). Oyang-o, Cerello, Mantes

3.7.1. National Economy and Patrimony CONST. art. XII, § 1.

Tañada v. Angara, G.R. No. 118295, May 2, 1997. Ofril, Gabriel, Duncan

Manila Prince Hotel v. Government Service Insurance System, G.R. No. 122156,
Feb. 3, 1997.

Lubiano, Delector, Gunay

National Federation of Hog Farmers, Inc., v. Board of Investments, G.R.

No.205835, Jun. 23, 2020. Cerello, Mantes, Oyang-o

3.7.2. Natural Resources

La Bugal-B’Laan Tribal Association v. Ramos, G.R. No. 127882, Dec. 1,
2004.Gabriel, Duncan, Ofril

Resident Marine Mammals of the Protected Seascape Tanon Strait v. Secretary of

Energy, G.R. No. 180771, Apr. 21, 2015 Delector, Gunay, Lubiano

Yinhu Bicol Mining Corporation v. Trans-Asia Oil and Energy Development

Corporation, G.R. No. 207942, Jan. 12, 2015. Mantes, Oyang-o, Cerello
3.8. Indigenous Peoples
[Cariño v. Insular Government, G.R. No. 2869, Mar. 25, 1907.]Gunay, Delector,
Gabriel

Cariño v. Insular Government, 212 U.S. 449 (1909).Ofril, Lubiano, Mantes

Cruz v. Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources, G.R. No. 135385, Dec. 6,
2000 (main op. and Puno, J., separate op.) (on Regalian Doctrine).Oyang-o,
Duncan, Cerello

3.9. Full Public Disclosure

In rel. CONST. art. III, § 7.

Chavez v. Public Estates Authority, G.R. No. 133250, July 9, 2002. Delector,
Gabriel, Gunay

IDEALS v. PSALM, G.R. No. 192088, Oct. 9, 2012. Lubiano, Mantes, Ofril

[Villafuerte v. Robredo, G.R. No. 195390, Dec. 10, 2014.] Duncan, Cerello,
Oyang-o