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ICSE - X : 2023 – ’24 HISTORY, CIVICS Mock Test – 2

Model Answer

PART – I
1. (i) (b) Parliament
(ii) (p) 35, qualified to become a member of the Lok Sabha.
(iii) (d) Elected or nominated within six months of his appointment to either House.
(iv) (d) Rajya Sabha
(v) (a) Consolidated Fund of India.
(vi) (d) Not fixed
(vii) (d) (A) is the cause for (B)
(viii)(a) W.C. Bonerjea
(ix) (b) Muslim League
(x) (c) The Movement became violent
(xi) (d) Forward Bloc
(xii) (b) Indian Independence Act
(xiii)(c) Britain, France, Russia
(xiv) (d) Serbia
(xv) (c) 33 billion dollars
(xvi) (d) 2 years
2. (i) Religious Disabilities Act, Widow Remarriage Act, Abolition of Sati, Taxes were imposed on the properties
of temples and mosques.
(ii) Brahmo Samaj attacked the Caste System, Polygamy, Child Marriage, Sati System, Purdah System.
(iii) Gopal Krishna Gokhale : Colonial form of self government.
Lala Lajpat Rai : Swaraj
(iv) State any two objectives of the Muslim League.
 To promote among Indian Muslims feelings of loyalty towards the British Government. To remove,
misconception that may arise regarding the intentions of government in relation to Indian Muslims.
 To protect the political and other rights of the Muslims and to place their needs before the government
in a mild language.
 To prevent the rise of hostile feelings between Muslims and other communities without adversely
affecting the objectives of the League.
(v) Japan handed over the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the Provisional Government of India. Subhas
Chandra Bose named Andaman as Shahid and Nicobar as Swaraj.
ICSE – X : 2023–’24 History, Civics : Mock Test-2 MODEL ANSWER

(vi) World Health Organisation :

 Promotes research in the fields of communicable diseases, maternal and child health mental
health, cancer, blindness, diabetes and heart attacks.
 It sets international standards with respect to food, biological and pharmaceutical products.
 It provides safe drinking water.
 Launched immunization programme for children against six killer diseases like T.B., Polio, whooping
cough, measles, diphtheria.
 Acts as a World Clearing House for medical and scientific information. It publishes health journals
like the ‘Bulletin of the World Health Organisation’ to create health consciousness among people.
 It organises conferences, seminars and training for health care personnel from different countries.
 It aims at fighting diseases and preventing them from spreading eg. malaria eradication.
 It makes special efforts in combatting diarrhoeae diseases which are killers of infants and young
children.
 It helps countries to improve their health system by building up infrastructure.
(vii) Germany, Italy, Japan.
PART – II
SECTION A
3. (i) The President can be removed from his office by Impeachment. A resolution accusing the President may
be initiated in either House of Parliament. It must be passed by two-third majority of the total membership
of the House. The charge should then be investigated by the other house. If the other house finds the
President guilty, the President is removed from his office.
(ii) The maximum strength is 250 members.
 Elected members of both House of Parliament and members of Legislative Assemblies elect the
President of India.
 Both Houses of Parliament elect the Vice President of India.
 The Speaker is elected by the Lok Sabha from among its members by a simple majority of members
present and voting.
(iii)  He presides over meetings of the House.
 He decides the admissibility of questions and resolutions.
 All bills passed by the House are authenticated by his signatures before they are sent to the Rajya
Sabha for its consideration or to the President for his assent.
 He decides whether a bill is a money bill or not.
 When the votes for and against a proposal are equal, the Speaker gives a casting vote. This vote
decides whether the proposal will be passed or not.
 He interprets the rules of procedure of the House.
Question Hour — The first hour in both Houses is allotted for asking and answering of questions to
obtain information on a matter of public importance or to ventilate a grievance. It keeps the Ministers
on their toes.
Adjournment Motion — It pinpoints the failure of the government in the performance of duties. The
Motion proposes that the House should lay aside all other business and take up a matter of urgent
public importance. It is moved only in the Lok Sabha.

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ICSE – X : 2023–’24 History, Civics : Mock Test-2 MODEL ANSWER

No Confidence Motion — It is moved by a member or leader of Opposition. If the Motion is passed

the Government has to resign.
Monetary Controls — When the budget is under consideration, a Cut Motion may be moved.
4. (i)  The President is the Head of the Union Executive. All executive orders are issued in the name of the
President.
 The President appoints the Prime Minister. Other Ministers are appointed by the President on the
advice of the Prime Minister.
 The Prime Minister informs the President all decisions of the Council of Ministers.
 The President appoints the High Dignitaries like the Attorney-General of India, the Judges of the
Supreme Court and High Courts, Governors.
The President has the power to remove the Ministers, Attorney-General, Governors and other high
dignitaries.
 Every Union Territory is administered by the President.
 During President's Rule the control of the Union Government over states is complete.
(ii)  The Council of Ministers consists of all categories of Ministers — the Cabinet Ministers, Ministers
of State and Deputy Ministers. The Cabinet is a smaller group consisting of 25 Senior Ministers.
 In the day to day working of the government the Council of Ministers as a whole rarely meets. The
Cabinet meets as frequently as possible to determine the policy and programme of the government.
 Cabinet Ministers attend Cabinet meetings in their own right. Ministers of State can attend only
when invited. A Deputy Minister cannot attend such meetings.
 The Constitution says that there shall be a Council of Ministers to aid and advice the President in
the exercise of his functions. In fact the President acts on the advice of the Cabinet.
 Since the Council of Ministers as a whole rarely meets the Prime Minister always consults the
Cabinet Ministers for advice.
(iii) Members of the Cabinet swim and sink together. When a decision has been taken by the Cabinet, every
Minister has to stand by it without hesitation. If a vote of no confidence is passed the Ministry has to
resign.
Legislative functions :
 Although the Houses are summoned by the President, initiative in this matter is taken by the Ministry of
Parliamentary Affairs.
 The Cabinet prepares the President's Address to the Parliament.
 More than ninety five percent of the Bills are Government Bills which are prepared, introduced, explained
and defended in the Parliament by the Ministers.
 The ordinances are issued by the President on the advice of the Ministers.
 The Cabinet is instrumental in planning and moving an amendment to the Constitution.
5. (i)  In appointing the Judges the President acts on the recommendations of the Collegium headed by
the Chief Justice of India.
 A Judge can be removed by the President on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity on an
Address of each House of Parliament.

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ICSE – X : 2023–’24 History, Civics : Mock Test-2 MODEL ANSWER

 Judges’ Salaries and allowances are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. Salaries etc.
cannot be changed to their disadvantage during their term of office except during Financial
Emergency.
 No discussion in the Parliament with respect to the conduct of any Judge.
 It has the power to punish for contempt of itself.
 After retirement a Judge of the Supreme Court cannot practice in any Court.
(ii)  Hears civil cases
 Hears criminal cases
 Against the judgement of a Sessions Judge where the sentence of imprisonment exceeds seven
year.
 Against the judgement of Assistant Sessions judge where the sentence of imprisonment exceeds
four years.
 Appeals concerning land revenue and against order of the Tribunals such as the Rent Controller.
 A sentence of death must be confirmed by the High Court before it can be carried out.
(iii) The President appoints the Chief Justice of the High Court.
Differences between Court of the District Judge and Sessions Court :
 The Court of the District Judge is the Highest Civil Court of the district. Sessions Court is the
highest criminal court of the district.
 The Court of the District Judge is presided over by a District Judge. The Sessions Court is presided
over by a Sessions Judge.
 The District Judge and the Additional District Judges are appointed by the Governor in consultation
with the Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned state. The Sessions Judge and the
Additional Sessions Judges are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Justice of
the High Court of the concerned State.
 The District Judge decides civil cases like land property, marriage, divorce, will. The Sessions
Judge decides criminal cases like murder, theft, dacoity.
 The District Judge acts as a Deputy Commissioner and District Collector and in this capacity he
maintains law and order and supervises the collection of revenue and taxes in the district. The
Sessions Judge does not perform any administrative functions.
SECTION B
6. (i)  To strike at the roots of Bengali nationalism.
 To divide the Hindus and Muslims.
 To demonstrate the strength of the British.
(ii) At the Kolkata Session the resolutions on Swadeshi and Boycott were adopted by the Congress. Moderate
leaders were not happy and they wanted Swaraj to be achieved through constitutional means. Assertive
Nationalists believed that unless they put strong pressure on the government they would never achieve
their objective. That is why the Congress got split at Surat.
Assertive Nationalists proposed the name of Lala Lajpat Rai as President of the Surat Session. The
Moderate leaders proposed the name of Rash Behari Ghosh. When the session at Surat began there
was confusion and it ended in a failure. At the Surat Session the split in the Congress became official.
For about nine years the Assertives kept out of the Congress.

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ICSE – X : 2023–’24 History, Civics : Mock Test-2 MODEL ANSWER

(iii)  Revivalism — Tilak revived the Shivaji festival. The Assertives wanted to build the national movement
of the basis of the religious beliefs of the people.
 Swadeshi — It was popularised by the bonfires of foreign cloth, salt and sugar.
 Boycott — It included not only boycott of British goods but also boycott of government services,
honours and titles.
 National education — New educational institutions were started.
 Passive resistance — They believed in non-violent resistance.
 Personal sacrifices — They were ready for self sacrifice to achieve their goal.
 Mass involvement — They proposed to win freedom through mass action.
Bipin Chandra Pal
 At the Chennai Congress he pleaded that the Arms Act should be repealed.
 He edited the New India.
 In the anti-partition and Swadeshi movement he spread the message of Swadeshi and boycott.
 He wanted National Education to be the basis of the freedom movement and it would arouse
nationalistic passions and would be an instrument of social progress.
 He did not support Gandhiji's Non Cooperation Movement but instead wanted stern measures.
 His publications included ‘‘The Spirit of Indian Nationalism’’ and ‘‘The New Economic Menace to
India.’’
 To eradicate poverty he suggested remedies like developing a lot of industries, to tax the rich
heavily than the poor and the money be spent on education and health, 48 hours of work in a week,
increase in wages, the practice of swadeshi and boycott.
 He wanted to remove social evils like caste system, advocated widow remarriage, to educate
women.
7. (i) Amritswar had observed a peaceful hartal against the Rowlatt Act. Dr. Satpal and Dr. Kitchlew were
unnecessarily deported from Amritsar. To protest against the detention of the two leaders people marched
towards the residence of the Deputy Commissioner. The mounted police resorted to firing which made
the mob violent. General Dyer took command of the city and issued proclamations prohibiting all meetings.
On 13th April 1919 a public meeting took place at Jallianwala Bagh. The Jallianwala Bagh was an open
space with only one exit and the other three sides were enclosed by buildings. General Dyer without any
warning opened fire upon the peaceful crowd killing over 400 people and leaving about 200 wounded.
(ii) Civil Disobedience programme involved defiance of salt laws — boycott of liquor — boycott of British
goods — non payment of taxes and revenues.
(iii)  The movement caused a patriotic fervour in the country. It resulted in mass strikes and the setting
up of parallel governments in several places.
 The Government of India Act 1935 introduced the Federal principle and the principle of Provincial
Autonomy.
 It changed the social life of the poor and the exploited. The depressed classes could enter schools,
temples and wells which were denied to them earlier.
 It brought women in large numbers out of their homes.
 It made people understand the significance of non violence.

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ICSE – X : 2023–’24 History, Civics : Mock Test-2 MODEL ANSWER

 The movement popularised new methods of propaganda. Prabhat Pheris in which hundreds of men
and women went around singing patriotic songs became popular. Handwritten news-sheets were
issued.
 The movement revived the will to fight the elections. In 1937 the Congress achieved positive results
in the elections to the Central Legislative Assembly and Provincial Legislative Assemblies.
8. (i)  10 mobilise all their forces to lead Indian people to regain their lost freedom.
 To prepare the Indian people inside and outside India for an armed struggle.
 To organise a Provisional Government of Free India.
 To go on fighting till the last Britisher is either put in prison or thrown out of the country.
 The motto was unity, faith, sacrifice.
(ii) Mountbatten Plan had the following proposals :
 Proposed the partition of Bengal and Punjab.
 The existing Constituent Assembly would continue to work but the Constitution framed by it would
not apply to Pakistan.
 The Legislative Assembly of Sindh would take its decision at a special meeting.
 In the NWFP a referendum was to be held to decide the future of the Province.
 The Muslim majority district of Sylhet was to decide by referendum whether it would join East
Bengal or remain in Assam.
 The treaties with the Princely States would come to an end. They would be free to associate
themselves with either of the Dominions or to remain independent.
 Creation of a Boundary Commission to settle the boundaries of the two Dominions in case partition
was decided upon.
 It was for the two Dominions to decide what relations they would have with the British Commonwealth
and with each other.
 It declared that the transfer of power would take place earlier than June 1948.
(iii) Reasons for accepting the Mountbatten Plan are :
 Communal riots had taken a serious turn.
 The League had joined the Interim Government to obstruct and not to cooperate.
 The only alternative to Partition was a Federation with a weak centre.
 The leaders felt that Partition would rid the Constitution of separate electorates and other
undemocratic procedures.
 The leaders felt that further delay in the transfer of power could find India in the midst of Civil War.
9. (i) Germany had Kaiser Wilhelm II as her new Emperor. He wanted to establish a vast German empire and
gain important position in the World. France and Germany were old rivals. After defeating France in the
Franco-Prussian War Germany had seized Alasace and Lorraine. The French wanted to take back their
lost provinces. The Italians wanted to get back Trentino and the Port of Trieste which were inhabited by
Italians but were still part of Austria-Hungary.
The Balkan States like Serbia wanted that their fellow nationals (Slavs) who lived in others States should
come together to form a greater Balkan State. The political leaders were successful in fanning hatred
and passion under the cover of Nationalism.

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ICSE – X : 2023–’24 History, Civics : Mock Test-2 MODEL ANSWER

(ii) On 23th June 1914, Archduke Frances Ferdinand, the Crown Prince of Austria and his wife were
assassinated at Sarajevo. The assassin was Gavrilo Princep. The assassination was planned by a
secret society called Black Hand. They wanted to achieve the Union of all South Slavs under Serbia.
Austria blamed Serbia for the assassination. Austria sent a stiff ultimatum to Serbia for apprehending
the criminal and handing them over to Austrian Government. She sought a ban on all anti-Austrian
publications, anti-Austrian Schools and anti-Austrian meetings. Serbia refused to accept some of the
demands on the ground that they involved violation of its sovereignty.
(iii)  It declared Germany guilty of aggression. She had to pay 33 billion dollars as War Indemnity to the
Allies.
 The area of the Rhine Valley was to be demilitarised. Germany could not construct any fortification
either on the left bank or on the right bank of the Rhine.
 France got back Alsace — Lorraine which she had lost in the Franco-Prussian War. To compensate
France for the deliberate destruction of her coal mines by the Germans, she was given full ownership
of the coal mines for 15 years.
 The fate of Schleswig taken away from Denmark was determined by a plebiscite. The northern
zone voted for incorporation in Denmark and the central zone voted for Germany.
 Germany had to surrender Eupen and Malmedy to Belgium.
 Poland, a newly created State, got back all the territories she had lost in the War. Posen and
almost the whole of West Prussia were included in the Polish State. To provide Poland with a port,
the German city of Danzig was internationalised.
 Germany lost all her colonies and overseas possessions. Togoland and Cameroon were partitioned
between Britain and France, German East Africa was shared between Britain and Belgium.
 In order to prevent future aggression the German Army was restricted 1,00, 000 soldiers, Navy was
limited to 15,000 men and 36 ships. Air Force was totally banned and no submarines were allowed.
 Germany had to supply huge quantities of coal France, Italy and Belgium for 10 years.
 The independence of Belgium, Poland and Czechoslovakia was recognised by Germany. The Czeches
got Silesia, Bohemia and Morvia and thus was created Czechoslovakia. Serbia got the Slavonic
States of Slovenia, Bosnia, Croatia and Herzegovina and assumed the name of Yugoslavia.
 The League of Nations was added to the Treaty of Versailles.
10. (i) The Court consists of 15 Judges. The Security Council and the General Assembly each separately
chooses 15 Judges. No two Judges can be nationals of the same State. If two persons of the same
nationality are chosen only the elder becomes a member of the Court. The Court elects its President
and Vice President for a term of 3 years. They may be re-elected after their term expires. The Court
appoints its Registrar. The Judges are elected for a 9 year term. The Court is permanently in session at
The Hague in the Netherlands.
(ii) Principles of Panchsheel are
 Mutual respect for one another's territorial integrity.
 Mutual non-aggression.
 Non-interference in one another's internal affairs.
 Equality and working for each other's benefit Peaceful Co-existence.
 Peaceful Co-existence

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ICSE – X : 2023–’24 History, Civics : Mock Test-2 MODEL ANSWER

(iii) Non Aligned Movement :

Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Marshal Joseph Tito of erstwhile Yugoslavia, Abdul Nasser of Egypt.
 Abolition of imperialism and colonialism.
 To maintain international peace
 Reject racism
 Disarmament
 Helping the United Nations to carry on its functions
 Creation of New International Economic Order
 Protection of environment
 Cultural equality
 Enforcement of human rights.