KISII SCHOOL

NAME……………………………………………………………………..ADM…………………………..
1.Below are photographs showing plant seedlings at different stage of development. Examine them.

D
E

C
F

Photograph S
B
G

a) Name the partslabelled B, C, D and E and state the function of each. (6 marks)

Part Name Function

b)State the class to which the seedling belongs. Give a reason for your answer. (2marks)
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c(i)Giving reasons, state the type of germination exhibited by the seedling. (2 marks)
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(ii) Describe how the germination stated in (c) (i) above occurs. (5marks)
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d)Distinguish between endospermic seeds and non-endospermic seeds. (2 marks)
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e)List three adaptive features that structurally suit structure labelled E to its function. (3 marks)
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2.Examine the photograph below of a seedlings of the same plant at various stages of growth.

S R

U T
V

(a)Using observable features only identify the class the seedlings belong. Give two reasons for the answer.
(3 marks)
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Reasons……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(b)(i) State three functions of the parts labelled R during germination. (3 marks)
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(ii) what is the fate the structure R after development of the first foliage leaves. (1 mark)
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(c)(i) Explain the important role played by structure labelled S during germination. (2 marks)
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(ii) As germination proceeds on structure S becomes straight. Account for this phenomenon. (3marks).
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(d)Later in life of growth of the seedling it develops swelling in their roots.
(i)What is name of the swellings (1 mark)
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(ii)Name the organisms that would be found in the swelling. (1 mark)
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(iii) Explain the relationship between the organism and the plant. (2 marks)
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(iv) Explain how each of the organisms benefit from the relationship (2 marks)
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(d)(i) Name the type of germination represent by the above photographs. (1mark)
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(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (e) (i) above. (1 mark)
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(e)Suggest the observations that would be made if:
(i)the germination was carried in darkness for two weeks. (1 mark)
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(ii) the seedlings were grown in a dark room with an open window. (1 mark)
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(f)i) What is the name given to the observation made in (f) (i) above. (1 mark)
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(ii) Explain the importance of the process named in (g) (i) above. (1 mark)
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(g) Name the parts labelled T, Uand V. (3 marks)
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(h)Explain how the germination shown in the above photographs occurs. (5 marks)
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(i)State three differences between epigeal and hypogeal germination (3 marks)
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j) From the above specimens, give observable differences (4 marks)
(Differences between monocotyledonae and dicotyledonae)
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k) State factors within a seed and without that cause seed dormancy (6 Marks)
within
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Without
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l) Explain the conditions necessary for germination (6 marks)
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m) How can u test for presence of starch in a leaf ( 3 marks)
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n) Draw cross sections of internal structure of the stem of a monocot and a dicot (4 marks)