ANEES HUSSAIN

EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989

CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: ENGLISH | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 - 2024 |

TWENTY MINUTES WITH MRS OAKENTUBB

 What were the differences between the ideas of the lady and the gentleman about casual
meetings?
 Was the man justified in killing Mrs Oakenkubb? Describe with reasons.
 State briefly that Twenty Minutes with Mrs Oakentubb is a theme of revenge.
 What purpose did the meeting with the Korean girl give to the gentleman?

P
 Why did Mrs. Judy Oakentubb spend 18 months in prison? OR Give a brief Character sketch of
Mrs Oakentubb.

OU
 Describe the importance of the label? Why was it hidden by the lady?
 Why did the man want to kill Mrs. Oakentubb?

GR
THE DAY THE DAM BROKE
 How does the panic appear to have started on the High street?
 Who were called upon to restore the order in the city and what was the duration of panic? OR
ER
How long did the panic last and how was the order restored?
 How did panic start and how did it end?
 How did the author’s mother cope up in the panic?
ND

 How did the panic start in the cinema?

 Why did the citizens of the city of Columbus not talk about the events of the 12th March, 1913?
 What can we gather about grandfather’s age, physique and mental condition?
LA

 Why did Dr. Mallory think that the flood waters were about to engulf him?

THE DEVOTED FRIEND

ME

 How did the Miller persuade little Hans to carry the large sack of floor to the market?
 What was the supreme manifestation of selfishness of Miller that caused the death of little
Hans?
HO

 Why was little Hans unable to look after his garden?

 How can the story of Miller and Hans be applicable to water rat?
 How did the Miller’s wife reveal that she too was ready to exploit the generosity of Hans?

SVEN AGES OF MAN

 Describe first and second stages as depicted in the poem, The Seven Ages of Man’.
 What is the stage of justice and how does he look like and behave according to William
Shakespeare?
 Describe last two stages of man’s life as depicted in the poem, ‘Seven Ages of Man’?
 What is the view of Shakespeare about this world?

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS
THE MAN OF LIFEUPRIGHT
 What is the message of the poem, ‘Man of Life Upright?’
 What are the qualities of a ‘Man of life upright’ according to Thomas Champion?
 What does the Upright man think about this world?

SAMSON AGONISTES

 Who was Samson and how was he made captive?

 How were the Philistines leaders killed by the hero of John Milton? OR How did Samson take
revenge from his enemies?
 Why was Samson led to the stage?

P
AN ESSAY ON MAN

OU
 What is the great teacher according to Alexander Pope and why? OR what is the idea of death
according to the poet?

GR
 Describe with reference, “Heaven from all creatures hides ……. All but …prescribed their present
state”.
 Ignorance from future is a great blessing of God. Discuss with reference to Pope’s poem.
ER
THE SOLITARY REAPER

 Who composed the poem, ‘The Solitary Reaper’? Why was the poet unable to understand the
ND

song of the highland lass?

 How does William Wordsworth compare the song of the maiden to the song of two birds?
 Will no one tell me what she sings?’ Name the poet and the poem and why the words were
spoken?
LA

PAIR OF WORDS:

ME

Advice-advise
 Sack-sake
 Loose-lose

HO

Lessen-lesson
 Pair-pear
 Profit-prophet
 Piece-peace
 Principal-principle
 Story-storey
 Dear-deer
 Saint-sent
 Fair-fare
 In- inn
 Rice-rise

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS
PHRASAL VERBS
 To bring to bear
 To bring to light
 To bring up
 To peg out
 To kick up a row
 To kick off
 To call on
 To call off
 To cut down
 To take down

P
 To take off
 To take after

OU
WORDS MEANINGS
Words Meanings

GR
Antagonist Enemy
Assayed Attempt
Oblivion Forgetfulness
Calamity Disaster
Delude Deceit / untrue
ER
Hitherto Still
Plank Wood
Lass Girl
Blot out Clear
ND

Peg out Die

Melancholy Sorrowful / sad
Accustomed Usual / familiar/ habitual
LA

Inattentiveness Distracted
Irrelevant Immaterial / not to the point
Discard Dispose of/ throw away
ME

Burgomaster Mayor
Milch cows Milk yielding
Satchel Bag
HO

Hateful Abominable
Exponent Supporter
Trudge To walk slowly
Thoughtful Pensive/ sympathetic /
Treat Tend / attend to/ behave towards
ESSAYS :
 An interesting cricket match of world cup 2023
 Inflation ( causes and effects)
 Street crimes
 Social media

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS
‫‪XII-URDU‬‬ ‫)‪Preparation paper (2023 – 2024‬‬ ‫‪Page 1 of 2‬‬

‫‪ANEES HUSSAIN‬‬
‫‪EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989‬‬

‫| ‪CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: URDU | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 - 2024‬‬

‫ت‬
‫اطماعلیترپہچاُردوالزیمبراےئامجعارٹناسلدوم‬

‫امہاابتقاست‪:‬‬
‫ت‬ ‫ای ک‬ ‫ت‬
‫دولدنمےکےیل ک‬
‫رغیےکےیلدولدنمیکزدنیگلم‬ ‫رغییکزدنیگاور ک‬ ‫ک‬
‫زدنیگ‪،‬ای‬ ‫ایوکحممےکےیلاحمکیک‬ ‫ایاحمکےکےئلوکحممیکزدنیگ‪ ،‬ک‬‫ک‬ ‫‪)1‬‬
‫گ‬ ‫گ‬

‫‪P‬‬
‫اثملاورومنہنںیہننبیتکس‪،‬اسےیلرضورتےہہکاعریگملاوردایمئربمغیپیکزدنیگانامتمفلتخمانمرظےکرنبرنےکوھپول ںلمسدل ہتو‬
‫گت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫گ‬ ‫گت‬

‫‪OU‬‬
‫ی ےتچنہںیہاورسسجےکوغلیینعمراےتسےک‬ ‫س۔اتکبےسمقصقددخداےکااکحمںیہوجقراندیجمےکذرےعیمہ ت‬ ‫انچہچناالسمںیمدوزیچںیںیہاتکباور ت‬ ‫‪)2‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ک ک ث‬
‫وصبرتاافلظےہ۔‬ ‫ااحدیںیم‬‫ںیہوہرا ہتےہ۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔سجیک ر‬
‫وصتب‬
‫ث‬ ‫گگ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬

‫‪GR‬‬
‫رغیووتبعشِایباطلںیمامہمنیکتیفیکونس۔ارگتادشاہووتالساطنِ رعبلم‬ ‫ارگدولدنمووتہکمےکتاجراوررحبنیےکجرہنیداریکدیلقترکو۔ارگ ک پ‬ ‫‪)3‬‬
‫احلڑپوھ۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔رعمہکِادحےسربعتاحلصرکو۔‬
‫ث‬
‫ارگمتااتسداورملعمووتہفصیکدراگسہےکملعمدقسوکدوھکی۔ارگشارگدووتروحاالنیمےکاسےنمےنھٹیبواےلرپرظن‬ ‫‪)4‬‬
‫‪ER‬‬
‫امجؤ۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔افحتِہکملماظنرہرکو۔‬
‫گ‬ ‫گ‬ ‫گ گ‬
‫انینمراوج ںاوراناینالصوتیح ںاورادعتسادو ںےکاالتخفلمتامےہوتنیقیرکودمحمروسلاہللیک‬ ‫دووتس ںارگمتاطمہعلرطفتےکدعبنیقیرےتھکوہکہیداین ا‬ ‫‪)5‬‬
‫گ‬
‫‪ND‬‬

‫اجعمتیصخشےکوسااسلموکیئآجریاوردایمئاوراعریگملرامنہںیہنواتکس۔‬
‫ث‬
‫ارگمتتادشاہووتریمیریپویرکو۔ارگمتراعتکاووتریمیریپویرکو۔ارگمتہپساسالرووتریمیریپوی‬ ‫‪)6‬‬
‫گ‬
‫‪LA‬‬

‫رکو۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔ارگمفخداےکاعدبووتریمیریپویرکو۔‬
‫ت‬
‫رکتےہ۔اشنہشہےکوضحرافسرش‪،‬اامرتاوربصنمیکھچکشیپںیہناجیت۔ہکلبادینٰےسادینٰ‬ ‫لغمِامظعدعللمدر کتاےئامظعےہ۔ےچجےلتااصنفےسوہےلصیف ا‬ ‫‪)7‬‬
‫گت‬ ‫آدیمیکاو ک‬
‫ساھت‪،‬سجرطحہکبرےےسبرےارسفیک۔‬ ‫رزگنیاسدعتسمیےستات ا‬
‫‪ME‬‬

‫ث‬
‫وہاصفودیفسلملمیکوپشاکےنہپوےئاصعےئریپیےکاہسرےاریمو ںےکرھجمںیمڑھکااھتاورایکسڑگپیںیمبراڑکٹازرمدلماکنٹوا‬ ‫‪)8‬‬
‫گ‬ ‫ت ث‬
‫اہنیشادا ںوقراح ںےہ۔‬ ‫اھت۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔ ک‬
‫‪HO‬‬

‫امہااعشر‪:‬‬
‫گ‬ ‫گ‬
‫ھجت ےس ھچک داھکی ہن مہ ےن جر افج‬ ‫داھکی‬ ‫ہن‬ ‫قرام‬ ‫ولجہ‬ ‫کتا ں‬ ‫اج‬ ‫وک‬ ‫یھجت‬
‫رپ وہ ایک ھچک ےہ ہک یج وک اھب ایگ‬ ‫داھکی‬ ‫ہن‬ ‫داھکی‬ ‫وک‬ ‫داین‬ ‫ےہ‬ ‫برابر‬

‫وکیئ وخاشہ‬ ‫ویئ‬ ‫رتصخ‬ ‫ےس‬ ‫دل‬ ‫رجہا ں‬ ‫وم ِ‬

‫سن‬ ‫ک‬
‫ای‬ ‫اھت‬ ‫ربص‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫آتا‬
‫ت‬ ‫ںیہن‬ ‫س‬ ‫ےب‬ ‫ھچک‬ ‫رگہی‬ ‫آتا‬
‫ت‬ ‫اب ںیہن‬ ‫ےس‬ ‫دمت‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫وس‬

‫‪FACULTY OF URDU‬‬
‫‪XII-URDU‬‬ ‫)‪Preparation paper (2023 – 2024‬‬ ‫‪Page 2 of 2‬‬

‫ت‬
‫ویئگ‬ ‫یس‬ ‫کلم‬ ‫زغل‬ ‫زنیمِ‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫نالہ‬ ‫اغتلف‪،‬‬ ‫اجتلہ‪،‬‬
‫ت‬
‫ایک‬ ‫بلکل‬ ‫ںیم‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ترف‬ ‫ہعطق‬ ‫ہی‬ ‫ایک‬ ‫وتلک‬ ‫لکشم‪،‬‬ ‫لمم‬ ‫وا‬

‫ت‬ ‫گ‬ ‫گ‬

‫آج وا ں غیت و نفک تادنےھ وےئ اجتا و ں ںیم‬ ‫رش راہ‬
‫دیدہ و دل ق ِ‬ ‫رضحت تاحص رگ آںیئ ک‬ ‫ِ‬
‫جم‬
‫ذعر ریمے لتق رکےن ںیم وہ اب الںیئ ےگ ایک؟‬ ‫وکیئ ھکو ہی وت اھجمس دو ہک اھجمسںیئ ےگ ایک؟‬

‫ت‬ ‫مج‬
‫رگدش دمام ےس ھگرا ہن اجےئ دل ت‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ویک ں‬ ‫کات رب زامہن ھکو اٹمتا ےہ سک ےئیلت‬
‫گ‬
‫انان و ں ایپہل و اسرغ ںیہن ُہ ں ںیم ت‬ ‫ِ‬
‫رحف رکمر ںیہن و ں ںیم‬ ‫ولحِ اہج ں ہپ‬

‫‪P‬‬
‫گ‬

‫‪OU‬‬
‫رمکریایخل‪:‬‬
‫ت‬
‫ت‪‬دبیللماچدن‬ ‫ت‪‬اچدناورتارے ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪‬افہمطزہراءیکریتصخ‬

‫ت‪‬اچراملدار‬ ‫‪GR‬‬‫ت‪‬ےئندوریکڑلیک ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬

‫الخےص‪:‬‬
‫‪‬زنیم ت‬
‫‪ER‬‬
‫ث‬
‫شارعاہنوصخایصت‪:‬‬
‫‪ND‬‬

‫ت‪‬ریمدرد ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‪‬ریمیقتریم‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪‬رمزااغل‬

‫‪LA‬‬

‫رثناگنرو ںرپرصبتہ‪:‬‬
‫‪ME‬‬

‫ت‪‬ردیشادمحدصیقی‬ ‫ت‪‬العہمیلبشامعنین ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪‬دیسامیلسندنوی ت‬

‫‪HO‬‬

‫ت‬ ‫تگ‬
‫برنیئوبربیت‪:‬دمحمفیفعاخن‬
‫ت‬

‫‪FACULTY OF URDU‬‬
 XII-PAKISTAN STUDIES Preparation paper (2023 – 2024) Page 1 of 1

ANEES HUSSAIN
EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989
CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: PAKISTAN STUDIES | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 – 2024|

PREPARATION PAPER OF XII – PAKISTAN STUDIES FOR 2023-2024

Short Questions and Answers:
 Define Two Nation Theory?
 What is the Condition of South Asia before the advent of Islam?
 Write down 5 objectives of Khilafat Movement?

P
 Write down 5 points of Quaid-e-Azam’s 14 Points?

OU
 Define main Features of Lucknow Pact?
 Describe Educational services of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan?
 Write down 5 Difference between Hindu & Muslim Society?

GR
 Write down 5 Islamic Provisions of 1973 Constitution?
 Define key features of Objective Resolution?

Long Questions and Answers:

ER
 Write down Import political events which took place between 1940 to 1947?
 Write down the aims and objectives of establishment of Pakistan?
ND

 What problems were faced by Pakistan soon after the creation?

 What is the Importance of Geographical location Of Pakistan?
LA

Prepared by: Muhammad Afif Khan

ME
HO

FACULTY OF PAKISTAN STUDIES

ANEES HUSSAIN
EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989
CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: PHYSICS | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 - 2024 | BY: SIR NAVEED SHAH

PREPARATION PAPER OF XII – PHYSICS FOR 2023-24

SECTION ‘A’
(MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION)
Note: It Consist of Thirty three MCQs. Each question carries equal marks.
SECTION ‘B’ & ‘C’
(SHORT & LONG – ANSWER QUESTIONS)
CHAPTER # 11
Obtain Boyle’s and Charles’ Law on the basis of K.M.T also show that K.E ∝ T
Using 1st law of thermodynamics in two isotherms of an ideal gas at different temperatures show that

P
Cp - Cv =R
2
S Show that 𝑝 = 1⁄3 𝜌𝑉

OU
What is Carnot engine? Give its construction and working also derive mathematical expression for
its efficiency
Exercise: Q3, 4, 9, 11

GR
Solved Example: Q11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6
Past 30 Years Assignment
CHAPTER # 12
State Gauss’s Law and apply the law to find electric intensity due to infinite charge sheet and
opposite charge sheet. OR
ER
For uniformly distributed infinite charged sphere.
Explain electric flux under what condition with the flux through the surface be zero and maximum
State and explain coulomb’s Law? Define electric intensity and derive the formula for the electric
intensity due to point charge?
ND

Define Potential Gradient. Derive the mathematical relation between Electric field Intesity and
Potential difference
Exercise: Q5, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 19, 22
LA

Solved Example: Q12.3, 12.7, 12.13

Past 30 Years Assignment
CHAPTER # 13
Derive expression of equivalent resistance for three resistor in parallel and series combination
ME

State the law which governs the potential difference across the conductor and the current passing
through it. How is the resistance conductor related to its dimensions? Derive an expression for the
temperature coefficient of resistance.
HO

Power dissipation in Resistors.

Derive relevant expression between terminal potential difference and drop voltage.
Exercise: Q2, 5, 8, 10, 12, 16, 17, 19, 22
Solved Example: Q13.2, 13.4, 13.5, 13.7, 13.8, 13.13, 13.14
Past 30 Years Assignment
CHAPTER # 14
Describe J.J Thomson’s experiment for the determination of e/m ratio of an electron.
State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction explain the phenomenon of mutual induction and
self-induction derive expression for mutual inductance and self-inductance with its unit.
Derive an expression for magnetic torque produced in current carrying coil placed in magnetic field?
Draw a labelled diagram of A.C. Generator and give its construction and working and derive the
expression for A.C. voltage produced?
State Ampere’s Law. Derive the expression for magnetic field of induction inside a long solenoid
OR Toroid
Define motional e.m.f with its mathematical results?

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR NAVEED SHAH | SIR SALMAN | SIR ZAEEM | SIR NOMAN
 .
Exercise: Q5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
Solved Example: Q14.1, 14.2, 14.6, 14.7, 14.8, 14.9
Past 30 Years Assignment
CHAPTER # 15
Define galvanometer and also show that the current measure by the galvanometer is directly
proportional to the deflection produced by the pointer
Define Ammeter and Voltmeter explain how galvanometer converted into an ammeter and
voltmeter?

Exercise: Q1, 2, 3, 5, 7
Solved Example: Q15.1
Past 30 Years Assignment

P
CHAPTER # 16
Explain the working of transistor as an amplifier

OU
Define Electromagnetic wave? Calculate the speed of electromagnetic waves? Describe the working
of NPN and PNP transistor?
CHAPTER # 17

GR
What is Compton Effect? Derive expression for the Compton shift in wavelength
What is perfect BLACK BODY? What are the Max Plank’s assumptions to explain Black Body
Radiations? Also write Plank’s Law of Black Body Radiation. OR
What is a perfect Black Body and also write down Stefan’s Law and Wien’s Displacement Law.
Explain the process of pair production briefly?
ER
Exercise: Q2, 3, 5, 6, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19
Solved Example: Q17.1, 17.7, 17.10, 17.13
Past 30 Years Assignment
CHAPTER # 18
ND

Gives the postulates of Bohr’s atomic theory derive an expression for the n’th radius of Hydrogen
atom & Explain the formation of hydrogen spectrum write down the expression for five different
lines of spectral series.
LA

Describe the production of x-rays? Explain the phenomenon of ruby laser.

What is laser? Discuss Meta stable and population inversion in a lasing material.
Exercise: Q2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8
Solved Example: Q18.2, 18.3, 18.4
ME

Past 30 Years Assignment

CHAPTER # 19
What is the half-life of radioactive nuclei? State the law of decay and give relation between the decay
HO

constant and half-life?

Define mass defect? Binding Energy and fission reaction explain the fission chain reaction?
Exercise: Q2, 3, 4, 5
Solved Example: Q19.4, 19.6
Past 30 Years Assignment
CHAPTER # 20
Explain construction and working of Wilson cloud chamber OR Geiger Muller Counter?

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR NAVEED SHAH | SIR SALMAN | SIR ZAEEM | SIR NOMAN
ANEES HUSSAIN
EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989

CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 - 2024 |

Ex # 3.1: Q # 3, 4
Ex # 3.2: Q # 1 (ix) (x), Q # 2 (All)
Ex# 3.4: Q # 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (iii), Q # 14, 15
Chapter # 3
Ex# 3.5: Q # 1 (x) (xii), Q # 2 (iv) (v) (vi), Q # 4, 5
Ex# 3.6: Q # 1, 2
Review CH # 3: Q # 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10

P
Ex # 4.1: Q # 6, 7, 9

OU
Ex # 4.2: Q # 1(i) (ii) (iii) (vi) (vii), Q # 2
Chapter # 4 Ex # 4.3: Q # 3,5,6
Ex #4.4: Q # 3 (i) (ii) (iv) (v), Q # 4, 5, 7
Review CH # 4: Q # 10, 11, 12, 13

GR
Ex # 5.1: Q: # 4, 5
Chapter # 5 Ex # 5.2: Q # 2, 3, 4, 5
Review CH # 5: Q # 4, 6, 7, 8
ER
Ex # 7.1: Q # 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 18
Ex # 7.2: Q # 5, 6, 8
Ex # 7.3: Q # 8, 9, 10, 11
ND

Ex # 7.4: Q # 3
Chapter # 7 Ex # 7.5: Q # 6, 9, 10
Ex # 7.6: Q # 1
Ex # 7.7: Q # 2, 4
LA

Ex # 7.8: Q # 1, 2, 5
Review CH # 7: Q # 6, 12, 14, 16
ME

Ex # 8.1: Q # 1 (iii), Q # 4, 5
Chapter # 8 Ex # 8.2: Q # 1 (ii) (v), Q # 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13
Ex # 8.3: Q # 2, 9, 11, 12, 15, 6, 7, 8 (iii), (iv), Q # 5 (ii)
HO

Ex # 11: Q # 4, 5, 6
Chapter # 11
Review CH # 11: Q # 4, 5, 6, 7

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS
 1|P a g e

ANEES HUSSAIN
EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989
CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: BIOLOGY | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 - 2024 |SIR SAROSH JAWED

WORKSHEET FOR SESSION 2023 – 2024

SECTION “A”
(Objectives)
Note: See all the Mcq’s discussed in class lectures and test papers.
SECTION “B” & “C”
(Subjective Questions)
CHAPTER 15: HOMEOSTATSIS

P
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Explain the detailed structure of Nephron with labelled diagram.

OU
2. Explain the functions of kidney.
3. Explain the causes of kidney failure and its treatment.
SHORT QUESTIONS:

GR
1. Why the physiological integration of internal body environment is important for living organisms?
2. Why it is important that positive and negative feedback mechanisms counter act upon each other?
3. How the aquatic Osmoregulators overcome the osmoregulatory problems?
4. Why animals excrete different types of excretory waste?
5. What is the use of counter current mechanism in kidney?
6. What is the role of kidney as an endocrine organ?
ER
7. How kidney stones are formed?
8. What is the impact over the human body if kidneys suddenly or gradually loss the filtering abilities?
9. What are the problems associated with kidney transplant?
ND

10. What is hypothermia? How body overcome this condition?

CHAPTER 16: SUPPORT & MOVEMENT
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Explain the structure of skeletal muscles and ultra structure of skeletal muscle fiber with labelled
LA

diagram
2. Explain the repair process of simple fractures.
3. Explain the cross-bridge cycle of muscle contraction with labelled diagram
ME

SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. How is the cartilage useful for our skeletal system?
2. Give a comparison of major types of joints
3. How is the healing of fractured bone initiated pain developing?
HO

4. How to conduct a first aid treatment for joint injuries and fractures?
5. Give a comparison of types of muscles.
6. Why is calcium essential for cross bridge formation? regulates muscle contraction
7. How the nervous coordination mechanism?
8. How is tetany different from tetanus?
9. Explain the different types of cartilage.
CHAPTER 17: CHEMICAL COORDINATION
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Describe structure and function of neurons.
2. Describe mechanism of action membrane potential.
3. Explain vascular and infectious disorders of CNS.
4. Describe anatomy and physiology of human brain.
5. Describe sensory receptors and their working.

FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
 2|P a g e

SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why receptors are called transducers?
2. Why neurolemma is polarized?
3. What do you mean by threshold potential?
4. Why impulses move faster in myelinated neurons?
5. Why interneurons are called association neuron?
6. What do you mean by saltatory conduction?
7. Differentiate between following
(a) Electrical and Chemical synapse
(b) CNS and PNS
(c) Excitatory neurotransmitters and Inhibitory neurotransmitters
(d) Parasympathetic nervous system and Sympathetic nervous system
8. Define following terms

P
(a) Endorphins (b) Pacinian corpuscles (c) Nociceptors (d) Reflex arc
(e) Stroke (f) Meningitis

OU
CHAPTER 18: CHEMICAL CO-ORDINATION
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Define hormone? Describes hormone action with the help suitable diagram.

GR
2. Explain pituitary gland their lobes and hormones of pituitary glands.
3. Explain position and physiology of adrenal gland.
4. Describe hormones and their functions of other endocrine tissues.
5. Describe mechanism of positive feedback.
SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why hydrophilic hormones need secondary messengers?
ER
2. Why hormones are called chemical messengers?
3. Why posterior pituitary is called neurohypophysis?
4. Enlist hormones of anterior pituitary?
ND

5. Why pancreas is called as exocrine and endocrine gland?

6. Why secretions of adrenal cortex are called corticosteroids?
7. Differentiate between following
(a) Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism (b) Insulin and glucagon
LA

(b) Calcitonin and Parathyroid hormone (d) Lipophilic and hydrophilic hormones
8. Define following terms
(a) Hormones (b) Goiter (c) Thymosin
ME

(d) Atrial natriuretic hormone (e) Erythropoietin

CHAPTER 19: ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Define innate behavior in term of reflexes shown by vertebrates and invertebrates
HO

2. Describe the construction of an intricate web by a spider a instinct behavior.

3. What is imprinting? Describe the imprinting in young ducks, How is it adaptive?
4. Describe the agonistic behavior and relate it with the maintenance of social order in terms of
territories and dominance hierarchies.
SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Define stimuli. How organisms respond to different stimuli?
2. What is reflex? Give three examples of reflexes in vertebrates.
3. What is the relationship between heredity and behavior?
4. Define biological rhythms. How are biological rhythms important to man?
5. What do you know about taxis? Give examples of positive taxis and negative taxis.
6. What is the difference between innate behavior and learning behavior?
7. How do bees communicate about food sources?
8. How do old word monkeys defend their territory?

FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
 3|P a g e

CHAPTER 20: REPRODUCTION

LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Describe the structures of male reproductive system identifying their functions.
2. Explain the principal reproductive hormones of human male and explain their role in the
maintenance and functioning of reproductive system
3. Explain the structures of female reproductive system and describe their functions.
4. Describe phases of menstrual cycle.
SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why urethra in male is called urinogenital duct?
2. Why hormonal system of female is better than male?
3. Why testes descend down in human male foetus before birth?
4. What are symptoms of gonorrhea?

P
5. Why inner uterine wall thicken during secretory phase?

OU
6. Enlist causes of male and female infertility.
7. Differentiate between the following
(a) Testes and Ovaries (b) Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis

GR
CHAPTER 21: DEVELOPMENT & AGING
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Explain blastula/blastocyst with emphasis on segmentation cavity.
2. List the tissues and organs formed from the three germ layers.
3. Through experimental narration, describe the role of the nucleus and cytoplasm in controlling
ER
development.
4. Describe the events of development in humans in terms of first, second and third trimesters.
5. Describe the maternal derived abnormalities (rubella, abnormal neural tube, thyroid gland and limb
development).
ND

SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why cleavage in birds and reptiles called meroblastic?
2. Why morula is named so?
LA

3. How embryonic tissues influence other embryonic tissues?

4. Define organizers and differentiate between primary and secondary induction.
5. Differentiate between blastula and gastrula.
ME

6. Why monozygotic twins having same sex?

CHAPTER 22: CHROMOSOMES & DNA
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Describe the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
HO

2. Describe the semi conservative process of DNA replication?

3. Describe the chemical structure of chromosome.
4. Describe the process of transcription during gene expression.
5. What is gene regulation how gene regulate during expression?
SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why DNA is negatively charged molecules?
2. Why replication is called semi-conservative process?
3. Do genes of prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cells are different in structure? If so give the main
differences between them?
4. What are leading and lagging strand of DNA?
5. Give the name of enzymes involved in replication of DNA, also give their brief functions.
6. Do introns are transcribed, and involve in translation?

FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
 4|P a g e

7. Give changes occur in mRNA during transport from nucleus to cytoplasm.

8. Give site at ribosome and their functions during translation.
9. Draw structure of tRNA and give functions of their different sites.
10. Do mutation is always harmful? Justify you answer.
CHAPTER 23: INHERITANCE
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Explain epistasis with reference to the inheritance of coat colour in Labrador retriever.
2. Describe inheritance of two traits with the help of genetic cross.
3. Describe ABO blood system in human with genetic cross.
4. Explain sex determination in human and sex linked (x-linked) trait with genetic cross.
5. A male has co-dominant blood group marry with female whose blood group is homozygous A, both
have a male child who marry with a female with recessive blood group what will be the chances of

P
blood group in their children? Prove it with genetic cross.
SHORT QUESTIONS:

OU
1. Why Rh-incompatibility could be a danger to the developing foetus and mother?
2. Why haemophilia is common in human male?
3. What do you mean by sex-influenced trait?

GR
4. Differentiate between following
a) Linkage and crossing over d) Autosomes and sex-chromosome
b) Monohybrid Cross and Dihybrid Cross e) Incomplete dominance and Co-dominance
c) X-linked trait and Y-linked trait
5. Why human male are heterogametic?
ER
6. What do you mean by dichromacy and monochromacy?
7. What do you known about ZZ and ZW in sex determination?
8. Why incomplete dominance is called partial dominance?
9. Define following terms
ND

(a) Genetics (f) Linkage (k) Crossing over

(b) Allele (g) multiple allele (l) Erythroblastosis foctilus
(c) Gene (h) Test cross (m) Isoagglutinogen.
LA

(d) Karyotype (i) test cross (n) Protanopi

(e) Mutant (j) Back cross
CHAPTER 24: EVOLUTION
ME

LONG QUESTIONS:
1. State and explain the contribution of Lamarck in organic evolution
2. Discuss the process of origin of single cell Eukaryotes.
HO

3. How biogeography and paleontology provide evidences in support of evolution?

4. What is speciation? Explain different ways of speciation.
5. Describe the Theory of Natural Selection.
SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Differentiate between the following:
a) Special Creation and Evolution d) Bottle-neck effect and Founder's effect
b) Lamarckism and Darwinism e) Convergent and Divergent evolution
c) Invagination theory and Endosymbiotic theory
2. How the homologous organs support the theory of evolution?
3. What are analogous organs? Give example.
4. How Alfred Wallace contributed Charles Darwin regarding the Natural Selection?
5. What do understand by the "descent with modification"?
6. How Neo-Darwinism differs from Darwinism?

FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
 5|P a g e

7. How the sympatric speciation differs from parapatric speciation?

8. Justify Lamarck as an early proponent of evolution.
9. What is genetic drift?
10. List out the factors affecting allele frequency
CHAPTER 25: MAN & HIS ENVIRONMENT
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. What is a biogeochemical cycle? Explain nitrogen cycle in detail.
2. Describe the effects of Carbon dioxide and global warming on human health.
3. What is succession? Describe different stages of secondary succession with examples.
4. What factors determine the growth rate of the human population? Give their reason also
SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why biogeochemical cycle is named so?

P
2. Differentiate between nitrification and de-nitrification?
3. How does energy flow between trophic levels?

OU
4. What are the major producers in a terrestrial ecosystem?
5. How does ecological succession affect the community?
6. What are the causes of ozone layer depletion?

GR
7. Why should we conserve biodiversity?
8. Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources.
CHAPTER 26: BIOTECHNOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. What is DNA sequencing, and how has it been used to study genetic mutations and diseases?
ER
2. What is the role of DNA analysis in forensic science and paternity testing, and what are some of the
methods used in this field?
3. Describe the process of creating genomic maps and explain how this technology has been used to
study genes and diseases.
ND

SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why AmpR and LacZ are used in construction of rDNA?
2. What do you mean by RFLPS?
LA

3. How is biotechnology used in healthcare, and what are some of the potential benefits and
challenges associated with its use?
4. Why restriction enzymes are called molecular scissors?
ME

5. What do you mean by palindrome?

6. Enlist enzymes use in rDNA technology?
CHAPTER 27: BIOLOGY & HUMAN WELFARE
HO

LONG QUESTIONS:
1. Explain in detail different steps of sewage treatment.
2. Explain vaccination and its importance.
3. Describes the role of microbes in food processing and sewage treatments.
SHORT QUESTIONS:
1. Why vaccination is important for infectious disease?
2. List the outstanding milk producing breeds of cow.
3. What do you mean by integrated diseases and its management?
4. What is the role of livestock?
5. Differentiate between following
(a) Selection and Backcross
(b) Vegetables of summer and vegetables of winter
(c) Selection and Hybridization

FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
ANEES HUSSAIN
EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989
CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 - 2024 | BY: SIR ASIF IZHAR

MID TERM PREPARATION PAPER OF XII–CHEMISTRY FOR 2023-24

CHAPTER # 01: (CHEMISTRY OF REPRESENTATIVE ELEMENTS)
SHORT QUESTION ANSWER
1. Give scientific reasons of the following:
• Alkali metals are powerful reducing agents.
• Alkaline earth metals are more strongly hydrated than alkali metals.
• Alkali metals cannot be used in voltaic cell.

P
• Alkaline earth metals are harder than alkali metals.
• Alkali and alkaline earth metals form only +1 and +2 ion respectively.

OU
• Alkali metals form cation easily.
• Lithium and Beryllium markedly differ from each other members of their respective groups.
2. Complete the following reactions.

GR
1. Zn(OH)2 + NaOH →
2. 100℃
3. CaSO4.2H2O →
𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑 & 𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
4. Cl2+NaOH →
ER
5. CaOCl2 + H2O → ……………………………………………..
6. MgCO3 + H2SO4 → ……………..………………………….
7. CaOCl2 + CO2 + H2O → ………………………………….
ND

∆
8. CaSO4 . 2H2O → ……………………………………………..
∆
9. P + N2 → ……………………………………………...
LA

10. NH4Cl + NaOH → …………………………………….….

11. Na + 2H2O → ………………………………………………..
ME

12. Mg + N2 → ……………….………………….………………..
13. K + O2 → ……………………………………………………..
14. Na / Hg + 2H2O → ……………………………………………...
HO

15. Rb + O2 → ……………………………………………...
16. NaOH + Cl2 → ……………………………………………...
17. Glucose + H2SO4 → ……………………………………………...
18. Sucrose + H2SO4 → ……………………………………………...
19. Mg + N2 → ……………………………………………...
DETAILED QUESTION ANSWER
1. Draw a flow diagram of contact process and describe various steps involved in the manufacturing of
sulphuric acid.
2. Explain with the help of diagram of Castner Kellner cell, how caustic soda is obtained by the
electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride?
3. Write the balance equations for the following chemical process.
FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 i. A piece of aluminum is dipped into concentrated sulphuric acid.
ii. Ferric chloride is mixed with an aqueous solution of caustic acid.
iii. Sodium burns in excess of air.
iv. Magnesium is heated with nitrogen gas.
v. Potassium is put into ethyl alcohol.
vi. Chlorine gas is passed through an aqueous solution of caustic soda.
4. What is bleaching powder? How is it prepared? Give the reaction of bleaching powder with water
and hydrochloric acid.
CHAPTER # 02: (CHEMISTRY OF OUTER TRANSITION (d-BLOCK) ELEMENTS)
SHORT QUESTION ANSWER
1. With the help of crystal field theory, explain the colour of transition metal complex ions.
2. How does crystal field theory explain the colour of complex ions?

P
3. Why is the electronic configuration of chromium (Cr) 4s1, 3d5 instead of 4s2, 3d4 while that of copper
(Cu) is 4s1, 3d10 instead of 4s2, 3d9?

OU
4. What are chelating agents explain with examples.
5. Write I.U.P.A.C names of the following complexes:
• [Pt(NH3)2 Cl4]

GR
• NH4[Cr(SCN)4 (NH3)2]
• [Cu (CN)4]-2
• [Co (H2N – CH2 – CH2 – NH2)3] (NO3)3
• [Co (NH3)3 Cl]
• [Cr (en)3] Cl3
ER
• Na3 [Cu (OH)2 (NO3)2]
• Na2 [Fe (CN)6 NO]
• [Fe (NO2)6]−3
ND

• [Cr(en)2Cl2]Cl
• Na3[Fe (CN)5 (NO)]
• Ni(CO)4
LA

• [Cr(NH3)6]+3
• [Fe(CN)6]-3
• [Co(en)3] (NO3)3
ME

• [Cu(NH3)4]2+
• [AuCl4]-1
• Na3[Fe(CN)5NO]
HO

6. Give scientific reasons of the following:

• H2O and NH3 acts as ligands but H3O+ & NH4+ do not.
• Blue crystals of copper sulphate turn white on heating.
• Anhydrous CuSO4 is white while hydrated CuSO4 is blue.
• Transition element show variable oxidation.
• Most of the transition elements and their compounds are paramagnetic.
• Ligands are generally called Lewis bases.
• In d block elements, 4s orbitals are filled prior to 3d orbitals but 4s electrons are lost first in
ionization.
7. Write down the balanced chemical equations for the following:
i. Reaction of conc. Nitric acid with copper.
ii. Reaction of conc. sulphuric acid with copper.

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 iii. Reaction of permanganate with oxalic acid.
iv. Reaction of manganese with dilute sulphuric acid.
v. Reaction of iron with chlorine.

DETAILED QUESTION ANSWER

1. Describe any two of the following properties of ‘d’ block element:
• Magnetic properties
• Catalytic properties
• Formation of color
• Variable oxidation state
2. Write a note on corrosion and its prevention?
3. Describe how 99.99% pure copper is obtained from its chalcopyrite ore.

P
CHAPTER # 03 : (ORGANIC COMPOUNDS)

OU
SHORT QUESTION ANSWER
1. Define Isomerism. Give its types with examples.
2. What is vital force theory? Why was it disapproved?

GR
3. What is meant by Reforming? Why was it consider a useful technique?
4. Define the following:
• Polymerization
• Functional group
• Isomerism
ER
• Homologous series
• Isomers
• Polymers
ND

5. Write the classification of organic compounds with examples.

DETAILED QUESTION ANSWER

LA

1. Explain destructive distillation of coal? What are the various products obtained from it?
2. Describe the natural sources of organic compounds.
ME

CHAPTER # 04 : (NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS)

IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
HO

OF SATURATED HYDROCARBON (ALKANE OR PARAFFINE)

NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
In the early days of development of organic chemistry, the organic compounds were called by their common
ames. For example, CH4 is called as Marsh gas, Firedamp. The created a lot of confusion in naming the organic
compounds. To avoid such confusion & mutual understanding in the knowledge of organic compounds was introduced.

In 1889, international chemical congress appointed a committee to formulate the rules. The rules were accepted
in a meeting held at Geneva in 1892. The naming of organic compounds was called Geneva System of Nomenclature.

International Union of Chemistry (IUC) took the charge of modifying the rules in 1919. The system was modified
by IUC in 1930 at liege (Belgium).

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 Further modification in IUC rules were made by international Union of pure & Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in a
meeting held at Amsterdam (Holland) in 1949. The most recent rules for Nomenclature of organic compounds were
published in 1979.

01 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH3 CH3

│ │ │ │ │
CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 08 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ C ─ H
│ │ │
CH2 ─ CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3 CH3
│ │ H
02 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3 │
09 C6H5 ─ C ─ C6H5
│

P
03
CH3 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH3 C6H5
│ │ │

OU
CH3 CH3 CH3 10
CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3
C2H5 CH3 │
│ │ CH3 ─ CH ─ CH3

GR
04 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ C ─ CH2 ─ CH3
│ 11 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH3
CH3 │
CH2
05 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3 │
ER
│ CH3
CH2
│ 12 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3
CH3 │ │
ND

CH3 C2H5
C2H5
│
06 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3 (H3C)2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ C ─ (CH3)3
LA

13

07 (CH3)2 CH ─ CH ─ CH (CH3)3
14 CH3─C(CH3)2─(CH2)2─CH3
│
ME

CH3

15 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3

│ │
HO

CH3 CH3

Q16  Name the following compounds a/c to IUPAC System?

1) CH3-C(CH3)2-(CH2)2-CH3 4) CH3(CH2)2.CH(C2H5).CH2CH(CH3)2
2) (CH3)3C-CH2-CH(CH3)2 5) (CH3)2.CH,CH2,CH2,CH(C2H5),CH3
3) (CH3)2CH(CH2)2-CH3 6) (CH3)2.CH.CH2.CH(C2H5).C(CH3)3

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBON (ALKENE OR OLEFFINE)
CH3
H H H │
│ │ │ H H CH2 H
01 H ─ C ─ C ─ C = C─ H │ │ │ │
│ │ │ 05 H ─ C = C ─ C ─ C─ H
H H H │ │
H H

P
H H H
│ │ │ CH3
H ─ C ─ C = C ─ C─ H │

OU
02
│ │ │ 06 CH3 ─ C = C ─ H
H H H │
H

GR
H H H H
│ │ │ │ 07 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ C ─ CH2
03 H─C─C─C─C=C─H │
│ │ │ │ CH2
H H H H │
ER
CH2
H H H H │
│ │ │ │ CH3
04 H─C─C= C─C─C─H
│ │ │ │
ND

H H H H
CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3
│
LA

08 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH = CH2

09 CH3 ─ CH2 CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3

ME

C = C

CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3 CH2 ─ CH3

HO

H H H H H
│ │ │ │ │
10 H─C=C─C─C=C─H
│
H

11 CH3 ─ CH = C = CH2

12 CH2 = CH ─ CH ─ CH = CH ─ CH = CH2
CH3
│
13 CH3 – CH2 – C = C – CH(CH3)2
│
CH3
FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
Q  Name the following a/c to IUPAC System?
01) CH3-CH=CH(CH2)2-CH3 02) CH3-CH(CH3)CH=CH-CH3

03) CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 04) CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2

05) CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH3 06) CH2=C(C2H5)-CH2-CH(CH3)2

IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBON (ALKYNE OR
ACETYLENE)

P
OU
01 H2C ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH 06 H2C ≡ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ C ≡ CH
│ │
CH3 CH3

GR
CH3 CH2
02 HC ≡ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3 │ │
│ 07 H3C ≡ C ─ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH
CH3 │
C2H5
03 H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ C ≡ C ─ H
ER
│ 08 H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH
C2H5 │ │
C2H5 C2H5
H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ H
ND

04
H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3
│ │ 09
│ │
C2H5 CH3
C2H5 CH3
CH3
LA

H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ H
│
05
│ │ │ 10 H3C ─ C ─ C ≡ CH
C2H5 CH3 CH3 │
CH3
ME

IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
HO

NAME TO STRUCTURE OF ALKANE, ALKENE & ALKYNE

Q  Write the structural formulas for?
01) 2,2,4 – trimethyl pentane 02) 2-methyle , 3-ethyl pentane
03) 2,2,3,3-tetrachloro hexane 04) 2,3,4 – trimethyl hexane
05) 2,2 – dimethyle butane

Q  Write the structural formulas for?

01) 2-methyle propene 02) 2,4-dimethyle,1-pentene
03) 2,5-heptadiene 04) 1,3-butadiene
05) 1,3,5-hexatriene 06) 2-pentyne
07) 3-methyle-1-hexyne 08) 4,4-dimethyle, 2-pentyne
09) 1-pentene, 4-yne 10) 1,3-pentadiyne

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
OF ALKENYNE (HAVING ALL TYPES OF BOND (ANE, ENE, YNE)
01) H2C ═ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3 CH3 CH3
│ │ │
CH3 07) H3C ═ C ─ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ H
02) H3C ─ CH ═ C ─ CH2 ─ C ≡ C ─ H │
│ C2H5

P
CH3
03) H2C ─ CH ═ C ─ CH2 ─ C ≡ C ─ H 08) H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ CH ─ CH2

OU
│ │ │
C2H5 CH2 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH3
│
05) H ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH CH3
│ │ │

GR
CH2 CH3 CH3 09) H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3
│ │ │
CH3 C2H5 CH3
06) H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ H
│ │ │
ER
CH3 CH3 C2H5

ALKYL HALID
ND

IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Halo-Alkane)

LA

TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Halide)

1) CH3l2 Cl
│
ME

2) HCCl3 8) CH3 – CH2 – C – CH2 – CH2 – Br

│
3) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2Br Cl
HO

9) CH2 – CH2
4) CH3 – CH2 – CHCl – CH4 │ │
Cl Cl
CH3
│
10) CH2 = CH – CH2Cl
5) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – Cl
Br
CH3
│
│
6) CH3 – CH – CH2Br 11) CH3 – CH – CH = CH – CH3

CH3
CH3
│
│
7) CH3 – C – CH2 12) CH3 – C – CH2 – CH2 – C = CH
│
│
Br Br
FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 AMINES
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkane Amine)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Amine)
1) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH3 5) H2N – CH3 – CH2 – CH2 - NH2
│
NH2
6) CH2 = CH – CH2 NH2
2) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH3
│ 7) CH3 – NH2
NH2

P
8) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – NH2
3) (CH3)2 CH – NHCH3

OU
CH3
9) CH3 – NH2 – CH3
│
4) CH3 – CH – NH – CH3 10) CH3 – CH2 – N – CH – CH3
│ │

GR
CH3 CH3

ALCOHOL
ER
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanol ; Suffix: ol)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Alcohol)
ND

1) CH3 OH 8) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH3

│
H – C – OH
LA

2) C2H5 – OH
│
3) CH3 – CH2 - CH2OH H

H2C = CH – CH2 – OH
ME

9)
4) CH3 – CHOH – CH3

5) CH3 – CH – CH3OH OH
│ │
HO

CH3 10) CH2 = CH – CH2 – CH – CH3

CH3
│ 11) CH2 – CH2
6) CH3 – C – CH3 │ │
│ OH OH
OH
Cl
Cl │
│ 12) CH3 CH = C – CH – CH2 – OH
7) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH – CH – CH2OH
│ │
CH3 Br
CH3 CH3 │ │
13) OH - CH2 – CH – CH – CH3

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
Q  Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?
01) CH3-CHOH-(CH2)4Br 02) CL-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-OH
03) CH3-CH=CH(CH3)-CH2OH 04) CH2=CH-CH2-OH
Q  Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Sec-butyl alcohol 02) Neo-pentyl alcohol
03) 3-methyl butanol 03) Iso-butyl alcohol
05) Tert-butyl alcohol 06) 3-ethyl-3-methyl-2-pentanol
07) 2,2-dimethyl,1-4-hexandiol

ETHER
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkoxy Alkane)

P
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Alkyl Ether )

OU
1) CH3 – CH2 – CH3 – O – CH3
O
CH3
│

GR
2) CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OCH2 – CH3 7) CH2 = CH2

3) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH3 O

OCH2 – CH3
│ 8) CH2 – CH - CH3
ER
4) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH3
O
CH3 OCH2CH3
│ │
ND

5) CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH – CH3 9) CH3 – CH = CH – CH3

CH3 10) CH3 – O – CH3

│
LA

6) C2H5 – O – C – CH3 11) CH3 – O – CH2 – CH3

│
CH3
ME

Cl CH3 – CH2 Br CH3

│ │ │ │
12) CH3 – CH – C – CH2 – CH2 –C – CH2 – CH – CH3
│ │
HO

O O
│ │
CH3 C2H5

Q  Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01 C6H5-O-C6H5 04) (CH3)2CH-O-C2H5
02 C2H5-O-C(CH3)3 05) CH3-CH(OC2H5)-CH2-CH3
03. C3H7-O-C2H5 06) C2H5-O-C(CH3)2-CH3
Q  Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Di-isopropyl ether 02) Ethyle-tert-butyl ether
03) Isobutyl methyl ether 04) 2-methoxy hexane
05) 2-methyle-2-methoxy butane 06) 3-ethoxy heptane
07) Di-methyle ether 08) Ethoxy ethane
09) 2-methyl-2-ethoxy propane 10) Methyl propyl ether

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 ALDEHYDE
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanal Suffix: al)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Prefix + Aldehyde)
Prefix:
1) Form 2) Acet 3) Propian 4) Butyl 5) Valer 6) Capro
O O

P
01) CH3 – C - H (vii) Br – CH2 – CH2 – C - H

OU
CHO CH3
O

(viii) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH – CH2 – CH3

GR
2) CH3 – CH2 – C – H O
O
(ix) CH3 – CH – CH – CH2 – CH – C – H
(iii) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – C - H
ER
CH3 O CH2 C2H5 Cl

Cl O
ND

(iv) CH3 – CH – CH2 – C - H

CH3
(x) CH3 – C – CH = CH – C - H
LA

(v) CH3 – C – CHO

CH3
O O
ME

OH
(vi) C. Cl3 CHO
(xi) H – C – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – C – H
HO

Q  Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01) CH3-CH2-CH(CHO)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 03) CH3-C(CL)(CH3)-CH=CH-CHO
02) CH3-CH2-C(C2H5)2-CHO 04) CHO-(CH2)3-CHO
Q  Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Isobutraldehyde 02) 2-chloropropanal
03) -methyl propionaldehyde 04) -methyl butyraldehyde
03) Propanal 06) Valeraldehyde

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 KETONE
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanone Suffix: one)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Alkyl Ketone)

O O CH2

P
1) CH3 – C – CH2 – CH3 5) CH3 – C – CH – CH3

OU
O
CH3 CH3

GR
2) CH3 – CH2 – C – CH2 – CH3
6) CH3 – CH – CO – CH – CH3
CH3 O
O O
ER
3) CH3 – CH – CH2 – C – CH3
7) CH3 – C – CH2 – CH2 – C – CH3
O O O
ND

4) CH3 – C – CH – Br2 8) CH3 – C – CH = CH – C – CH3

LA

Q  Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01) CH3-CO-CHBr2 02) CH3-CO-C(CH3)2-CH3
03) CH3-CH2-CO-CH(CL)-CH3 04) CH3-CH(CH3)-CO-CH(CH3)-CH3
04) CH3-CO-CH=CH-CO-CH3 06) CH3-CO-CH2-CH2-CO-CH3
ME

07) CH3-CH(CH3)-CO-CH(C2H5)-CH2-CH3

Q  Write the structural formulae of the following?

01) Methyle-ter-butyl ketone 02) Pentan-2-one
HO

03) 4,5-dimethyl, 3-heptanone 04) 1-bromo,3-methyle hexan-2-one

05) Methyl ethyl ketone 06) 2,4-dimethyl hexane-3-one

07) Methyl propyl ketone 08) 5,5-dimethyl hexan, 3-one

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 CARBOXYLIC ACID
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanoic acid ; Suffix: oic)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Prefix + Oic Acid)
CH3 O

01) CH3 – CH – CH2 – C – OH 08) CH3 – CH – CH – CH2 - COOH

CH3
CH3 Br

P
02) CH - COOH 09) CH – CH = CH - COOH

OU
10) CH3 – CH = CH – CH – CH - COOH
CH3
03) CH3 – CH2 - COOH

GR
NO2 Br
04) COOH

05) Cl2C. COOH COOH CH2COOH

Br O
ER
11) COOH (xii) CH2COOH

06) CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – C – OH CH2COOH

CH3
ND

12) CH2
CH3 CH3 O
LA

CH2COOH
07) CH3 – CH – CH – CH2 – C – OH
ME

Q  Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01) (CH3)2-CH-COOH 02) CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-COOH
03) CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(Br)-CH2-COOH 04) CH3-CH(CL)-CH(CH3)-COOH
05) CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH(Br)-COOH
HO

Q  Write the structural formulae of the following?

01) 3-chloropentanoic acid 02) , -dimethyl butyric acid
03) Valeric acid 04) 2-bromo-3-methyl hexanoic acid
05) -hydroxy propionic acid

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 ESTER
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanoate ; Suffix: oate)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Prefix + ate)
O
CH3

P
01) H – C- OCH3
05) CH3 – CH – CH2 – COO – CH2 – CH3

OU
O
O CH3

GR
02) CH3 – C – OC2H5
06) CH3 – C – O - CH
O

CH3
03) CH3 – CH2 – C – OCH3
ER
04) CH3 – COO – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2
Q  Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?
01) CH2-CH2-COO-CH(CH3)2 02) CH3-(CH2)4-COO-CH3
03) CH3-CH2-COO-(CH2)3-CH3 04) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-COO-C(CH3)3
ND

Q  Write the structural formulae of the following?

01) Isopropyl propionate 02) Butyl acetate
03) Isobutyl formate 04) Butyl Propionate
LA

CHAPTER # 05 : (HYDROCARBONS)

ETHENE:
ME

PREPARATION OF ETHENE:
HO

1. By the dehydration of Alcohol

𝑯𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟒 (𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒄)
C2H5OH 𝟏𝟕𝟎𝟎 𝑪

𝑨𝒍𝟐 𝑶𝟑
C2H5OH 𝟑𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝑪−𝟑𝟔𝟎𝟎𝑪

𝑯𝟑 𝑷𝑶𝟒/
C2H5OH 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝑪

2. By the dehydrohalogination of Ethyl Chloride

Alcoholic
CH3 - CH2 - Cl + KOH
Heat

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 REACTION OF ETHENE:
3. Addition of Hydrogen.
CH2 = CH2 + H2𝟑𝟎𝟎𝑵𝒊 𝑪 𝟎

4. Addition of Halogenation.

CH2 = CH2 + Cl2 R.T.

5. Addition of HCl.

CH2 = CH2 + HCl

P
6. Addition of HOCl (Chlorine water)

OU
CH2 = CH2 + HOCl
7. Addition of Water.

GR
+
H
CH2 = CH2 + H2O
8. Combustion Reaction
CH2 = CH2 + O2
ER
9. Reaction with S2Cl2
CH2 = CH2 + S2Cl2
ND

10. Reaction with KMnO4.

CH2 = CH2 + H2O + {O}

LA

11. Polymerization.
𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑪−𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒂𝒕𝒎
(CH2 = CH2)
𝑻𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝑶𝟐
ME

12. Epoxidation.
HO

13. Ozonolysis.

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 PREPARATIONS OF ETHYNE:
13. Br Br
| |
Alcholic
CH2 CH2 + KOH
1,2 – Dibromoethan

14. Br Br
| |
CH CH + Zn (dust)
| |

P
Br Br

OU
CHEMICAL REACTION OF ETHYNE:

GR
H /Ni H /Ni
27. CH ≡ CH 2 2

28. CH ≡ CH + Cl2
ER
Ethanal
29. CH≡CH + I2

30. CH ≡CH + HBr

ND

32. CH ≡CH + H2O 𝑯𝒈𝑺𝑶𝟕𝟓𝟒𝟎𝑯𝑪𝟐𝑺𝑶𝟒 intermediate Viny / alcohol Rearrangement

LA

𝑲𝑴𝒏𝑶𝟒
33. CH ≡CH + H2C + 3{O}
𝒉𝒐𝒕

𝑲𝑴𝒏𝑶𝟒
ME

34. CH≡CH + 4{O}

𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒅

Ammonia
37. CH ≡ CH+ 2AgNO2
HO

Simple Chemical Test Distinguish Between

An Alkane & Alkene
KMnO4
i) CH3 - CH3 + Br2 / No - Change in Colour

KMnO4
ii) CH2 = CH2 + Br2 / CH2 CH2 Colourless

Br Br

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 An Alkane &Alkylhalide
Br Br
i) CH3 - CH3 + KOH / 2
No - Reaction 2
No-Change in colour

Alcoholic Br
ii) CH3 - CH2 - Cl + KOH H2-C = CH2 2
CH2 - CH2

Br Br Colourless

An Alkane and an Alkyne

P
i) CH2 = CH2 + Cu2Cl2 No - Reaction

OU
ii) CH • CH + Cu2Cl2 CuCCCu
Red PPt.

Aliphatic & Aromatic

GR
i) C6H6 Combustion burns (Dark black smoke)
ii) C6H14 Combustion burn (without smoke)
ER
Describe the mechanism of chlorination?

Give Equation:
ND

(i) Ethanol to ethene

(iii) Chloro ethane to ethene
(iv) Vicinal di halid to ethene
LA

(v) Ethyne to ethane

Convert Ethene into
(i) Ethane
(ii) 1, 2 – Dibromoethane
ME

(iii) Poly ethene

(iv) Chloroethanol
(v) 1, 2-Ethandiol
Describe the structure of Sp2 OR Sp Hybrid molecules?
HO

Give equation:
(i) Ethyne from tetrabromoethane
(ii) 1, 2-dibromoethane to Ethyne
Convert Ethyne into:
(i) Ethane
(ii) 1, 1, 2, 2-Tetrachloroethane
(iii) Geminal di bromide
(iv) Acrylonitrile (Vinyl Cyanide)
(v) Red Solid (Copper acetylide)

Describe simple chemical test that would distinguish between:

(i) An Alkene and an Alkane
(ii) An Alkene and an Alkyne
(iii) An Alkane and Alkyl – halide
FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
What is Markownikoff’s rule? Describe with an example?

Draw the orbital structures of ethane and ethyne and describe the types of hybridization in each them

Draw the orbital picture of ethyne.

How are white solid and red-solid (P.M.) obtained from acetylene? Give chemical equations.

How does the ethyne react with the following?

a) Cl2 water
b) water
c) Ozone
Acetylene show acidic properties. Give two reactions to justify it.

P
What would happen when ethyne react with:

OU
a) Silver nitrate
b) Water in the presence of HgSO4 and H2SO4

GR
How is Ethyne obtained from the following?
a) Dichloroethane
b) Tetrahlo alkane
Give two methods for the preparation of acetylene.

How can acetylene be converted into following.

ER
a) Acetaldehyde
b) glyoxal
c) Copper acetylide
ND

Started with Benzene how would you prepare

(1) m – nitrobenzene (2) o – nitrotoluene (3) P – Nitrochlorobenzene
(4) m – chloronitrobenzene (5) m – bromoacetophenone (6) m – bromobenzoic acid
(7) Benzene Sulphonic acid (8) Hexabromocyclohexane (9) Glyoxal
LA

(10) T.N.T (11) O, P-Bromo phenol

Explain the structure of benzene by molecular orbital treatment

Why does the benzene rind enter into electrophilic substitution reaction? Explain the mechanism of Friedel craft
ME

alkylation of benzene?

Give one equation only in each of the following cases to show that the. (2004)
HO

a) Benzene behaves a saturated hydrocarbon b) Benzene behaves as a unsaturated hydrocarbon

Define and explain the following with examples: (2004)

a) Ortho para directors b) Meta directors

Differentiate between aliphatic and aromatic, test to identify them.

Discuss briefly the orientation in benzene.

Brief about the following conversations. (2001)

a) Benzene to m-nitrotoulene b) Benzene to benzoic acid

Give the names of the product when each of the following, is nitrated. (1990)
a) Toluene b) Benzoic acid c) Phenol

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 CHAPTER # 10 : (BIOCHEMISTRY)
1. Carbohydrates

CHAPTER # 10 : (INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY)

1. Synthetic polymer
2. Cosmetics

P
OU
GR
ER
ND
LA
ME
HO

FACULTY TEACHER : SIR ASIF IZHAR | SIR FAIZAN SIDDIQUI | SIR ANAS SOORTI | SIR NAVEED HASAN | SIR FAHAD KHAN | SIR TALHA
 ANEES HUSSAIN
EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION SINCE 1989
CLASS: XII| SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES | PREPARATION PAPER 2023 - 2024 |SIR ABDUL QADIR
[SECTION B]
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Define problem solving.
2. Make a list of all problem solving tools.
3. Difference between low level language and high level language.
4. Write three points for Pascal language.
5. Difference between compiler and interpreter.
6. Define Algorithm with example.

P
7. Define flowchart with example.

OU
8. Write all flowchart symbol with its description.
9. Difference between micro and macro flowchart.
10. Draw a sketch of a computer C program.

GR
11. Difference between syntax error and logical error.
12. Write any four rules of naming variable.
13. Define format specifier.
14. What is if… statement.?
15. What do you know about top down approach?
ER
16. Define Escape sequence with its any three sequences.
17. What is pre processor directives?
18. Define comments used in C with its types.
ND

19. What is a statement terminator in C language?

20. Write any three advantages of algorithm.
21. Write any three disadvantages of flowchart.
22. Define switch statement with its syntax.
LA

23. What is nested if statement? Also write its syntax.

24. Define computer error.
25. What is a debugging process mean?
ME

[SECTION C]
DESCRIPTIVE ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Describe formatted and unformatted input functions with syntax in detail.

HO

2. Difference between the following:

 Relational operator and logical operator
 Assignment operator(=) and equality (==) operator
 Increment and decrement operator
3. Describe different data types used in C language with example.
4. Describe formatted and unformatted output functions with syntax in detail.
5. Draw and describe all flowchart symbols in detail.

FACULTY OF COMPUTEER STUDIES

HO
ME
LA
ND
ER
GR
OU
P