May 13, 2010

TO: PARTIES INTERESTED IN EVALUATION REPORTS ON ANCHORAGE TO

CONCRETE AND STEEL CONNECTIONS

SUBJECT: Proposed Acceptance Criteria for Anchor Channels in Concrete Elements,

Subject AC232-0610-R2 (BG/AHG)

Hearing Information:
Tuesday, June 15, 2010
8:00 a.m.
DoubleTree Hotel
808 South 20th Street
Birmingham, Alabama 35205
(800) 222-8733

Dear Madam or Sir:

The enclosed proposed AC232 will be considered at the hearing noted above. AC232
originated in 2003 and required additional review and input to resolve the many questions
and comments. Substantial input has been supplied to the staff recently, permitting staff to
submit the criteria for reconsideration. This new version has been completely revised and
therefore no underline/strikeout was applied to the enclosed draft.

The proposal is in a format similar to the ICC-ES Acceptance Criteria for Post-installed
Adhesive Anchors in Concrete Elements (AC308). Any evaluation report based on this
criteria will contain information relative to application, design, and installation, and will
consider the performance of the anchorage, the steel channel, and the steel bolt or screw.

Staff comments at this time are as follows:

1. Sections 1.3.16 to 1.3.17 include standards that are not referenced by the International
Building Code. The staff concern here is these references may not be equivalent to
code-referenced standards. For example, EN 4063 may not be equivalent to AWS D1.1
regarding welding of shear connectors. Additional input is solicited on this topic.

2. Section 2.2 and Annex A Section 11.3.1: These sections will allow up to 50 percent of all
testing to be done in a manufacturer’s facility. This proposal would permit too much
testing to occur at a facility without documented experience in testing procedures and
application of adequate quality control. Comments are requested as to whether the
amount of testing at the manufacturer’s facility should be reduced.
AC232-0610-R2 2

3. Annex A, Sections 2.1.24 to 2.1.26: It is unclear who is responsible for determining

whether the entity in question has “documented experience.” The task may be beyond the
scope of the assessment by an accreditation body. Placing the responsibility on ICC-ES
would require the manufacturer and the entity to submit their qualifications before any
work could be done on any project. Comments are requested.

4. Annex A, Table 4.1, footnote 1: The rationale for permitting a reduction in the number of
tests is needed.

5. Annex A, Section 7.6.2.1: This exception should be removed, as it may not be interpreted
properly. Comments are solicited.

You are cordially invited to submit written comments on agenda items, or to attend the
Evaluation Committee hearing and present verbal comments. If you wish to contribute to the
hearing, please note the following:

1. Written comments that are received by the Los Angeles business/regional office by June
1, 2010, will be forwarded to the committee prior to the hearing, and will be posted on the
ICC-ES web site shortly after the comment deadline.

2. Written comments received up to ten days before the meeting, and staff memos
responding to comments, will be posted to the web site on June 10, 2010.

3. ICC-ES is no longer providing printed copies at the meeting of proposed acceptance

criteria, staff memos or public comments. These documents will be available on a limited
number of CDs at the meeting, for uploading to computers; and ICC-ES will make
arrangements with the hotel business center to have hard copies available for
photocopying.

4. Written comments that miss the deadline noted in item (1), above, will only be available at
the meeting if you provide 35 copies, collated, stapled, and three-hole punched, either at
the meeting itself or to the Los Angeles business/regional office by June 10, 2010.

5. If you plan to speak for more than 15 minutes, or offer a visual presentation lasting longer,
you should notify ICC-ES staff as far as possible in advance. There will be a computer,
projector, and screen available at the meeting for anyone wishing to make a visual
presentation, and presentations in most cases will need to be in PowerPoint format. Also,
ICC-ES will need to be provided with your presentation at least a half-hour before the
start of the relevant meeting session (morning or afternoon) on either a CD or a flash
card.

6. If you have any special needs related to a presentation, you should contact ICC-ES staff
well in advance of the meeting.

7. Any visual aids for viewing at committee meetings (charts, overhead transparencies,
slides, videos, electronic presentations, etc.) will be permitted only if a copy is provided to
AC232-0610-R2 3

ICC-ES, before the presentation, in a medium that can be retained with other records of
the meeting.

8. Any materials submitted for committee consideration are considered nonconfidential and
available for public discussion, as noted in Section 2.7 of the ICC-ES Rules of Procedure
for the Evaluation Committee.

9. Prior to the meeting, you should refrain from trying to communicate directly with
committee members about agenda items, either verbally or in writing. Committee
members reserve the right to refuse such communications.

Your cooperation with these guidelines is much appreciated, as is your interest in the
deliberations of the Evaluation Committee. If you have any questions, please contact the
undersigned at (800) 423-6587, extension 3260, or Andra Hoerman-Gast, at extension 3334.
You may also reach us by e-mail at es@icc-es.org.

Yours very truly,

Brian Gerber
Principal Structural Engineer

BG/md

Enclosures

cc: Evaluation Committee

ICC EVALUATION SERVICE, INC.
Evaluate P Inform P Protect
ICC EVALUATION SERVICE, INC.,
RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE EVALUATION COMMITTEE
1.0 PURPOSE
The purpose of the Evaluation Committee is to monitor the
work of ICC-ES, in issuing evaluation reports; to evaluate
and approve acceptance criteria on which evaluation reports
may be based; and to sponsor related changes in the
applicable codes.
2.0 MEETINGS
2.1 The Evaluation Committee shall schedule meetings
that are open to the public in discharging its duties under
Section 1, subject to Section 3.
2.2 All scheduled meetings shall be publicly announced.
2.3 Two-thirds (2/3) of the voting Evaluation Committee
members shall constitute a quorum. A majority vote of
members present is required on any action.
2.4 In the absence of the nonvoting chairman-moderator,
Evaluation Committee members present shall elect an
alternate chairman from the committee for that meeting. The
alternate chairman shall be counted as a voting committee
member for purposes of maintaining a committee quorum
and to cast a tie-breaking vote of the committee.
2.5 Minutes of the meetings shall be kept.
2.6 An electronic audio record of meetings shall be made
by ICC-ES; no other audio, video, electronic or stenographic
recordings of the meetings will be permitted. Visual aids
(including, but not limited to, charts, overhead
transparencies, slides, videos, or presentation software)
viewed at meetings shall be permitted only if the presenter
provides ICC-ES before presentation with a copy of the
visual aid in a medium which can be retained by ICC-ES
with its record of the meeting and which can also be
provided to interested parties requesting a copy. A copy of
the ICC-ES recording of the meeting and such visual aids,
if any, will be available to interested parties upon written
request made to ICC-ES together with a payment as
required by ICC-ES to cover costs of preparation and
duplication of the copy. These materials will be available
beginning five days after the conclusion of the meeting but
will no longer be available after one year from the
conclusion of the meeting.
2.7 Parties interested in the deliberations of the
committee should refrain from communicating, whether in
writing or verbally, with committee members regarding
agenda items. All written communications and submissions
regarding agenda items should be delivered to ICC-ES. All
such written communications and submissions shall be
considered nonconfidential and available for discussion in
open session of an Evaluation Committee meeting, and
shall be delivered at least ten days before the scheduled
Evaluation Committee meeting if they are to be forwarded to
the committee. Materials delivered to ICC-ES at least ten
Business/Regional Office P 5360 Workman Mill Road, Whittier, California 90601 P (562) 699-0543
www.icc-es.org Regional Office P 900 Montclair Road, Suite A, Birmingham, Alabama 35213 P (205) 599-9800
Regional Office P 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills, Illinois 60478 P (708) 799-2305
days before the scheduled meeting will be posted on the
ICC-ES web site (www.icc-es.org) prior to the meeting. After
this time, parties wishing to submit materials for
consideration by the Evaluation Committee must deliver a
sufficient number of copies as directed by ICC-ES.
Consideration of materials not received by ICC-ES at least
ten days before the meeting is at the discretion of the
Evaluation Committee. Following the meeting, ICC-ES will
make all materials considered by the Evaluation Committee
available on the web site for a maximum period of one year
following the meeting. The committee reserves the right to
refuse recognition of communications which do not comply
with the provisions of this section.
3.0 CLOSED SESSIONS
Evaluation Committee meetings shall be open except that
the chairman may call for a closed session to seek advice of
counsel.
4.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
4.1 Acceptance criteria are established by the committee
to provide a basis for issuing ICC-ES evaluation reports on
products and systems under codes referenced in Section
2.0 of the Rules of Procedure for Evaluation Reports. They
also clarify conditions of acceptance for products and
systems specifically regulated by the codes.
Acceptance criteria may involve a product, material,
method of construction, or service. Consideration of any
acceptance criteria must be in conjunction with a current
and valid application for an ICC-ES evaluation report, an
existing ICC-ES evaluation report, or as otherwise
determined by the Evaluation Committee.
4.2 Procedure:
4.2.1 Proposed acceptance criteria shall be developed
by the ICC-ES staff and discussed in open session with the
Evaluation Committee during a scheduled meeting, except
as permitted in Section 5.0 of these rules.
4.2.2 Proposed acceptance criteria shall be available to
interested parties at least 30 days before discussion at the
committee meeting.
4.2.3 The committee shall be informed of all pertinent
written communications received by ICC-ES.
4.2.4 Attendees at Evaluation Committee meetings shall
have the opportunity to speak on acceptance criteria listed
on the meeting agenda, to provide information to committee
members.
4.3 Approval of acceptance criteria shall be as specified
in Section 2.3 of these rules.
4.4 Actions of the Evaluation Committee may be
ICC EVALUATION SERVICE, INC., RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE EVALUATION COMMITTEE

appealed in accordance with the ICC-ES Rules of Procedure
for Appeal of Acceptance Criteria or the ICC-ES Rules of
Procedure for Appeals of Evaluation Committee Technical
Decisions.
5.0 COMMITTEE BALLOTING FOR ACCEPTANCE
CRITERIA
5.1 Acceptance criteria may be issued without a public
hearing following a 30-day public comment period and a
majority vote for approval by the Evaluation Committee
when, in the opinion of ICC-ES staff, one or more of the
following conditions have been met:
1. The subject is nonstructural, does not involve life safety,
and is addressed in nationally recognized standards or
generally accepted industry standards.
2. The subject is a revision to an existing acceptance
criteria that requires a formal action by the Evaluation
Committee, and public comments raised were resolved by
staff with commenters fully informed.
3. Other acceptance criteria and/or the code provide
precedence for the revised criteria.
5.2 Negative votes must be based upon one or more of
the following, for the ballots to be considered valid and
require resolution:
a. Lack of clarity: There is insufficient explanation of the
scope of the acceptance criteria or insufficient
description of the intended use of the product or
system; or the acceptance criteria is so unclear as to be
unacceptable. (The areas where greater clarity is
required must be specifically identified.)
b. Insufficiency: The criteria is insufficient for proper
evaluation of the product or system. (The provisions of
the criteria that are in question must be specifically
identified.)
c. The subject of the acceptance criteria is not within the
scope of the applicable codes: A report issued by ICC-
ES is intended to provide a basis for approval under the
codes. If the subject of the acceptance criteria is not
regulated by the codes, there is no basis for issuing a
report, or a criteria. (Specifics must be provided
concerning the inapplicability of the code.)
d. The subject of the acceptance criteria needs to be
discussed in a public hearings. The committee member
requests additional input from other committee members,
staff or industry.
5.3 An Evaluation Committee member, in voting on an
acceptance criteria, may only cast the following ballots:
• Approved
• Approved with Comments
• Negative: Do Not Proceed
6.0 COMMITTEE COMMUNICATION
Direct communication between committee members, and
between committee members and an applicant or
concerned party, with regard to the processing of a
particular acceptance criteria or evaluation report shall take
place only in a public hearing of the Evaluation Committee.
Accordingly:
6.1 Committee members receiving an electronic ballot
should respond only to the sender (staff). Committee
members who wish to discuss a particular matter with other
committee members, before reaching a decision, should
ballot accordingly and bring the matter to the attention of
ICC-ES staff, so the issue can be placed on the agenda of
a future committee meeting.
6.2 Committee members who are contacted by an
applicant or concerned party on a particular matter that will
be brought to the committee will refrain from private
communication and will encourage the applicant or
concerned party to forward their concerns through the ICC-
ES staff in writing, and/or make their concerns known by
addressing the committee at a public hearing, so that their
concerns can receive the attention of all committee
members.#
Effective March 18, 2008

2
 PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN
CONCRETE ELEMENTS (AC232)

www.icc-es.org | (800) 423-6587 | (562) 699-0543 A Subsidiary of the International Code Council ®

PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS

IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

AC232

Proposed May 2010

PREFACE
Evaluation reports issued by ICC Evaluation Service, Inc. (ICC-ES), are based upon performance features of
the International family of codes and other widely adopted code families, including the Uniform Codes, the BOCA
National Codes, and the SBCCI Standard Codes. Section 104.11 of the International Building Code® reads as
follows:

The provisions of this code are not intended to prevent the installation of any materials or to
prohibit any design or method of construction not specifically prescribed by this code,
provided that any such alternative has been approved. An alternative material, design or
method of construction shall be approved where the building official finds that the proposed
design is satisfactory and complies with the intent of the provisions of this code, and that the
material, method or work offered is, for the purpose intended, at least the equivalent of that
prescribed in this code in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability and safety.

Similar provisions are contained in the Uniform Codes, the National Codes, and the Standard Codes.

ICC-ES may consider alternate criteria, provided the report applicant submits valid data demonstrating that the
alternate criteria are at least equivalent to the criteria proposed in this document, and otherwise meet the
applicable performance requirements of the codes. Notwithstanding that a product, material, or type or method
of construction meets the requirements of the criteria proposed in this document, or that it can be demonstrated
that valid alternate criteria are equivalent to the criteria in this document and otherwise meet the applicable
performance requirements of the codes, ICC-ES retains the right to refuse to issue or renew an evaluation report,
if the product, material, or type or method of construction is such that either unusual care with its installation or
use shall be exercised for satisfactory performance, or malfunctioning is apt to cause unreasonable property
damage or personal injury or sickness relative to the benefits to be achieved by the use of the product, material,
or type or method of construction.

Acceptance criteria are developed for use solely by ICC-ES for purpose of issuing ICC-ES evaluation reports.
 PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN
CONCRETE ELEMENTS (AC232)
1.3.12 ASTM C 42-04, Standard Test Method for
1.0 Introduction Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of
1.1 Purpose: The purpose of this acceptance criteria Concrete, ASTM International.
is to establish requirements for anchor channels in normal- 1.3.13 ASTM E 8-04, Standard Test Methods for
weight concrete elements to be recognized in an ICC Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, ASTM International.
Evaluation Service, Inc. (ICC-ES), evaluation report under
®
the 2009 International Building Code (IBC), the 2009 1.3.14 ASTM E 119-07, Standard Test Method for Fire
®
International Residential Code (IRC), and the 1997 Tests of Building Construction and Materials, ASTM
Uniform Building Code™ (UBC). Bases of recognition are International.
IBC Section 104.11, IRC Section R104.11, and UBC
1.3.15 ASTM E 488-96(2003), Standard Test Method
Section 104.2.8.
for Strength of Anchors in Concrete and Masonry
The reason for the development of this criteria is to allow Elements, ASTM International.
for recognition of the use of anchor channels in concrete,
1.3.16 EN 10025:1993, Hot rolled products of non-
since the prescriptive requirements of Chapter 19 of the
alloy structural steels: technical delivery conditions.
IBC and Chapter 19 of the UBC do not include
European Committee for Standardization.
requirements for establishing the structural capacities of
anchor channels used to create connections between 1.3.17 EN ISO 4063:2000, Welding and allied
structural concrete and attachments. processes – Nomenclature of processes and reference
numbers. European Committee for Standardization.
1.2 Scope
1.4 Definitions:
1.2.1 Anchor channels recognized under this criteria
are alternatives to anchors permitted by Section 1912 of Definitions are presented in Section 2.1 of Annex A.
the IBC and Section 1923 of the UBC. The anchor
channels recognized in this criteria may also be used 1.5 Notations:
where an engineered design is permitted in accordance Notations are presented in Section 2.2 of Annex A.
with Section R301.1.2 of the IRC.
2.0 BASIC INFORMATION
1.3 Codes and Referenced Standards
®
2.1 General:
1.3.1 2009 International Building Code (IBC),
International Code Council. The following information shall be submitted:
® 2.1.1 Product description. Anchor channels shall be
1.3.2 2009 International Residential Code (IRC),
International Code Council. described as to:
™ 2.1.1.1 Generic or trade name.
1.3.3 1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC).
1.3.4 ACI 211.1-91 (2002), Standard Practice for 2.1.1.2 Manufacturer’s catalog number.
Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight and Mass 2.1.1.3 Height, width and length of anchor channel.
Concrete, American Concrete Institute.
2.1.1.4 Dimensions and spacing of anchors.
1.3.5 ACI 318-08, Building Code Requirements for
Structural Concrete, American Concrete Institute. 2.1.1.5 Method of connecting anchors to channel.
1.3.6 ACI 355.2-07, Qualification of Post-Installed 2.1.1.6 Geometry of channel bolt.
Mechanical Anchors in Concrete, American Concrete
2.1.1.7 Permitted manufacturing tolerances.
Institute.
2.1.1.8 Basic materials, including appropriate
1.3.7 ASTM A 153-05, Standard Specification for
physical properties before and after manufacture and
Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware, ASTM
protective coatings, shall be described. If the anchor
International.
channel consists of component parts involving different
1.3.8 ASTM B 695-04, Specification for Coatings of materials, differences shall be noted.
Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel, ASTM
2.1.1.9 Material properties:
International.
2.1.1.9.1 The physical proportion of the
1.3.9 ASTM C 31-06, Standard Practice for Making
materials used in the tests shall be tested for compliance
and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field, ASTM
in an appropriate specification.
International.
2.1.1.9.2 Elongation and reduction of area: The
1.3.10 ASTM C 33-03, Standard Specification for
anchor steel, elongation and reduction of area shall be
Concrete Aggregates, ASTM International.
determined in accordance with a recognized test standard
ε1
1.3.11 ASTM C 39-05 , Standard Test Method for and reported on the data sheet (in Section 9.0 of Annex
Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens, A). If the elongation is at least 14 percent and the
ASTM International. reduction of area is at least 30 percent, the anchor
channel shall be considered to be a ductile steel element.
2
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS
If the elongation or reduction of area cannot be
determined, the anchor channel shall be considered to be
a steel element.
2.1.2 Installation Instruction:
Manufacturer’s published instructions for installation and
application shall be submitted.
2.1.3 Packaging and Identification:
The manufacturer’s name or insignia, the size, and the
material specification, shall be marked on the anchor
channel itself and on packaging units. The evaluation
report number (ESR-XXXX) and the name of the
inspection agency shall appear on packaging units.
2.2 Testing Laboratories:
Testing laboratories shall comply with Section 2.0 of the
ICC-ES Acceptance Criteria for Test Reports (AC89) and
Section 4.2 of the ICC-ES Rules of Procedure for
Evaluation Reports. The testing laboratory shall verify that
all elements of the test program and analysis were in
compliance with this criteria. The testing laboratory shall
conduct or directly verify all procedures. All required
testing shall be conducted by an independent accredited
testing laboratory at their facility, except that up to 50
percent of the tests required by this criteria are permitted
to be witnessed by the accredited testing laboratory in the
manufacturer's facility as noted in Section 10 of Annex A.
Additional testing can be conducted by the manufacturer
as noted in Section 10 of Annex A.
2.3 Test Reports:
Test reports shall comply with AC85. In addition, the test
reports shall include information described in Section 13 of
ASTM E 488 and Chapter 11 of ACI 355.2, as well as the
following:
2.3.1 Mode of failure for each test.
2.3.2 Photographs of test equipment and typical
failures.
2.3.3 Report approval by a registered design
professional.
2.3.4 Verification that test specimen sampling
complies with Section 2.4 of this criteria.
2.3.5 Manufacturer’s published installation
instructions.
2.3.6 Strength of Test Specimen Materials: The
test report shall note the strength of the test specimen
materials. The appropriate specification shall be
referenced. When no specification exists, acceptable
properties for quality control purposes shall be established
by physical tests.
2.3.7 Normalization of Concrete and Steel
Strengths: Test specimen test capacities shall be
normalized, as required, in accordance with Section 8 of
Annex A and the normalized values reported within the
test report.
3
2.4 Product Sampling:
Sampling of the anchor channels for tests under this
criteria shall comply with Sections 3.1, 3.3 and 3.4 of
AC85.
2.5 Design Strengths:
Anchor channels shall be designed in accordance with
Section 3 of Annex A.
3.0 TEST AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
3.1 Durability:
When anchors are recognized for exterior exposure or
damp environments, evidence of durability shall be
submitted. The steel shall be corrosion-resistant, stainless,
or zinc-coated steel. The zinc coating shall be either hot-
dipped in accordance with ASTM A 153 Class C or D;
mechanically deposited in accordance with ASTM B 695
with a Class 55 coating having a minimum thickness of 2.1
mils (0.053 mm); or demonstrated through tests to be
equivalent to the coatings previously described in this
sentence. The corrosion-resistant materials shall be tested
as set forth in Annex A, Section 6.2.
3.2 Concrete:
The concrete used to produce test members are the tests
described in Section 3.3, shall comply with the following:
3.2.1 Concrete mix design shall follow
recommendations for proportioning in ACI 211.1 or ACI
318. The concrete shall also comply with Section 5.1 of
ACI 355.2. Proportions may be varied to achieve desired
nominal compressive strength. The reason for any
variation shall be described in the test report. No
cementitious additives shall be added to the concrete test
members.
3.2.2 Portland cement shall comply with ASTM C
150. Additional requirements in Section 5.1.2 of ACI 355.2
apply.
3.2.3 Coarse and fine aggregate in concrete shall
comply with ASTM C 33 for normal-weight concrete. The
aggregate description shall include the rock and mineral
components, shape, hardness, maximum size, and
grading specification. Additional requirements in Section
5.2 of Annex A also apply.
3.2.4 Concrete test cylinders shall be prepared in
accordance with ASTM C 31. Cylinders shall be stored
and cured in accordance with Section 9.3.1 of ASTM C 31
(field cure). To determine the compressive strength of test
members, cylinders shall be tested in accordance with
ASTM C 39 and Section 3.2.7 of this criteria.
3.2.5 When no test cylinders are available, or where
there is a question as to whether the concrete cylinders
represent the concrete compressive strength of the test
members, compressive strength shall be determined using
drilled cores from test members. Cores shall be obtained,
prepared, and tested in accordance with ASTM C 42 and
Section 3.2.7 of this criteria.
3.2.6 Test Members:
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS
3.2.6.1 General: Test members shall be prepared
in accordance with Section 6.4 of ASTM E 488 and
Section 5.3 of Annex A.
3.2.7 Reinforcement for tests in uncracked concrete
may only be used to stabilize test members during
transportation or as required in Sections 5.3.4 and 5.3.5 of
Annex A. Reinforcing elements in concrete test members
shall be outside the potential failure region of each test
specimen. The test laboratory shall verify the location of
the reinforcing. If anchor channels with anchor
reinforcement are tested, the type, diameter, and location
of this reinforcement and the location of the anchor
channel in the test member shall be reported.
3.2.8 Compressive Strength Determination:
3.2.8.1.1 Concrete compressive strengths at
time of tests shall comply with the ranges specified in
Section 5.2.5 of Annex A.
3.2.8.1.2 Test members shall be cured a
minimum of 21 days prior to the beginning of tests in
accordance with Section 5.3.2 of Annex A. Exception: For
tests to determine performance in high-early-strength or
uncured concrete, a lesser curing period may be used.
3.2.8.1.3 Where high-early-strength cement is
used, curing shall be for a minimum of seven days, with a
two-day allowable minus tolerance. Two cylinders shall be
crushed and the average compressive strength noted
during a 12-hour period immediately preceding and
following any test series.
3.2.8.1.4 For concrete less than 90 days old, two
tests of two cylinders, or cores, each prepared in
accordance with Section 3.2.4 or 3.2.5of this criteria, shall
be performed at the beginning and ending of testing in
accordance with
3.2.8.1.5 TABLE 1 of this criteria. The beginning
of the compressive strength tests shall be concurrent with
the initiation of anchor channel load testing. The beginning
and ending strength results shall be averaged (four
cylinders or cores, total) to establish the strength of the
test members during the test period.
3.2.8.1.6 For concrete aged 90 days or more,
the compressive strength test shall be a single test of
three cylinders or cores, performed within 30 days of any
testing.
3.2.8.1.7 Reported concrete compressive strength for
any test series shall be determined from tests in this
section, within the time limitations shown in Table 1 of this
criteria.
3.3 Anchor Channel Load Test Program:
3.3.1 Tests shall be performed in accordance with
Section 4.0 of this criteria.
3.3.2 Test Specimen Behavior: Test specimen
behavior shall be evaluated and reported in accordance
with Section 9.0 of Annex A. The test report shall comply
with Section 2.3 of this criteria.
3.4 Fire Resistance (Optional):
4
Test specimens intended for fire-resistive construction
shall be evaluated for load resistance during fire exposure.
General guidelines for fire exposure are in ASTM E 119.
3.5 Changes to Product:
Changes to product shall be qualified in accordance with
Section 10.0 of Annex A. ICC-ES shall approve the test
program proposed before tests are conducted.
4.0 TEST METHODS
4.1 Test Procedures:
4.1.1 The test program shall comply with Section 4.0
of Annex A.
4.1.2 Test procedures shall be in accordance with
Section 5.0 of Annex A based on the requirements set
forth in Section 7.0 of Annex A.
4.1.3 Concrete used in the anchor channel load tests
shall comply with Section 3.2 of this criteria.
4.1.4 Test equipment for tension and shear loading
shall be adequate to impose anticipated ultimate loads
and shall comply with the requirements of ASTM E 488. If
loading is not carried to failure, the highest value achieved
will be considered the peak load.
4.1.5 Direction of loading for tension testing shall be
coaxial with the anchors of the anchor channels. Direction
of loading for shear testing shall be perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis of the channel.
4.1.6 The test equipment shall not impose pullout or
shear reaction loading on the surface or edge of the
concrete test member within a distance that the formation
of a concrete breakout body is restrained. This condition
may be considered as satisfied if the clear distance
between the support reaction and the axis of the
outermost anchors of the anchor channel is ≥1.5 hef for
tension loading or ≥1.5 ca for shear loading. Equipment
used to apply a shear load shall be designed to minimize
frictional resistance, using a concrete surface finish
specified in ASTM E 488 and Section 5.2.1.2 of ACI 355.2.
4.1.7 Displacements under tension and shear loading
shall be recorded in a continuous manner for each test
specimen tested. The displacement shall be measured as
a function of the direction of load application as set forth in
ASTM E 488, Section 5.5, “Anchor Displacement
Measurement,” and Section 8.6.1, “Continuous Load
Application.”
4.1.8 Slab Thickness: The minimum allowable slab
thickness shall be hmin = hef + k + cnom where k = anchor
head thickness (example given in Figure 1 of Annex A)
and cnom = required concrete cover.
5.0 QUALITY CONTROL
5.1 The products shall be manufactured under an
approved quality control program with inspections
by an inspection agency accredited by the
International Accreditation Service (IAS) or
otherwise acceptable to ICC-ES. The program
shall address requirements in Section 10.0 of
Annex A. The Inspection agency shall inspect the
facilites at least four times per year.
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

5.2 Quality documentation complying with the ICC-ES 6.6 Optional Information:
Acceptance Criteria for Quality Documentation
(AC10) shall be submitted. The evaluation report may include information on seismic
use, based on the evaluation under this criteria:
5.3 Continuous special inspection shall be provided in
accordance with Section 1704 of the IBC or 6.6.1 Information on seismic use.
Section 1701 of the UBC and Section 10.3 of 6.6.2 Strength design values determined in
Annex A. The manufacturer shall submit accordance with Section 3.1 of Annex A may be converted
inspection procedures to verify proper installation. to values suitable for use with allowable stress design load
6.0 EVALUATION REPORT combinations in accordance with Section 3.2 of Annex A.
Conversions shall be in accordance with the following:
The evaluation report shall include the following:
6.1 Description: TABLE 1—STRENGTH TEST TIME LIMITATIONS
AGE OF MAXIMUM COMMENTS
Basic Information required by Section 2.1 of this criteria,
CONCRETE TIME
including product description, installation procedures and
AT BETWEEN
identification information.
BEGINNING STRENGTH
6.2 Information and statements as set forth in Section OF TESTING TESTS
9.0 of Annex A. Less than 21 3 days For special tests
6.3 Minimum member thickness and minimum edge days only. See Sections
distances shall be specified in the evaluation report. 3.2.8.1.1 and
3.2.8.1.2
6.4 When anchor channels are recognized for exterior
21-35 days 7 days None
exposure damage environment, Section 3.1 of this criteria
applies. 36-56 days 14 days None
57-90 days 30 days None
6.5 Special Inspection:
More than 90 60 days See Section
Special inspection details based on information described days 3.2.8.1.5
in Section 5.3 of this criteria shall be included in the
evaluation report.

5
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

ANNEX A
TESTING AND DESIGN OF ANCHOR CHANNELS

Synopsis:
This acceptance criteria prescribes a testing program, evaluation requirements, and design requirements for anchor channels

for use in uncracked and cracked normal weight concrete.

Keywords: Anchor channels, cracked concrete

Table of Contents

ANNEX A TESTING AND DESIGN OF ANCHOR CHANNELS…………………………………………………………...5

Synopsis:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....5

1.0 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..6

2.0 Definitions and notations…………………………………………………………………………………………….…..10

3.0 Design requirements……………………………………………………………………………………………………17

4.0 Test organization…………………………………………………………………………………………………………37

5.0 Requirements for test specimens, anchor channel installation and testing………………………………….39

6.0 Requirements for anchor channel identification…………………………………………………………………...43

7.0 Service Condition tests…………………………………………………………………………………………………44

8.0 Assessment……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....52

9.0 Data presentation………………………………………………………………………………………………………..61

10.0 Quality control requirements………………………………………………………………………………………….65

11.0 Requirements for the Independent Testing…………………………………………………………………………66

6
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

1.0 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
1.1.1 The purpose of this annex is to establish testing programs and evaluation requirements for recognition of anchor
®
channels in ICC Evaluation Service Inc. (ICC-ES) evaluation reports under the 2009 International Building Code (IBC), the
®
2009 International Residential Code (IRC), and the 1997 Uniform Building Code™ (UBC). Bases of recognition are IBC

Section 104.11, IRC Section R104.11, and UBC Section 104.2.8. This acceptance criteria describes the principles and

requirements for safety, serviceability and durability of anchor channels for use in uncracked or cracked concrete.

1.2 Scope
1.2.1 This annex to AC232 applies to anchor channels used to resist loads in cracked and uncracked concrete normal

weight concrete and includes assessment of strength capacity, design procedures and quality control. Special inspection is

required. Modifications to the strength design requirements of ACI 318, Appendix D are provided in Section 3.0 of this annex.

1.2.2 The following loading conditions are outside the scope of this acceptance criteria:

1.2.2.1 Shear load in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the channel.

1.2.2.2 Fatigue loading.

1.3 Anchor Channels Permitted Under This Acceptance Criteria
1.3.1 Anchor Channel Assemblies: Anchor channels consist of C-shaped channels produced from hot-rolled or

cold-formed unalloyed or stainless steel and at least two metal anchors on the channel web as illustrated in Figure 1 and

Figure 2 of this annex. The anchor channels shall be placed flush with the concrete surface as illustrated in Figure 3 of this

annex. A fixture shall be connected to the anchor channel by channel bolts (hammer head or hooked screws) with nut and

washer in accordance with Figure 1 and Figure 3 of this annex. The anchor channel may be used to transmit tensile loads,

shear loads, perpendicular to the longitudinal channel axis or any combination of these loads in accordance with Figure 4 of

this annex at any position within the outermost anchors of the channel into the concrete. Transfer of tension loads takes place

via interlock between the channel bolt and the channel flange stiffeners, bending of the channel, tension in the anchors, and

mechanical interlock with the concrete. Shear loads are partially transferred by compression stress between side of the

channel and concrete.

1.3.2 Channels: Height and The channel height shall be 0.6 in. (15 mm) ≤ hch ≤ 2 in. (51 mm) and the

corresponding channel width 1 in. (25.4 mm) ≤ bch ≤ 3 in. (76 mm). The minimum channel length shall be 4 in. (102 mm). The

maximum length is unlimited.

1.3.3 Anchors: The anchors shall be produced from carbon or stainless steel. The anchors may be welded or

forged to the channel.

1.3.3.1 Anchors that are welded to the channel may consist of I-shaped profiles or round-headed anchors. The

welding shall be performed by any appropriate welding method in accordance with EN ISO 4063:2000. The manufacturer of

the anchor channel shall demonstrate that the manufacturing plant is capable of performing the selected welding process.

7
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

3
1.3.3.2 I-shaped anchors shall comply with the following dimensions: length lA ≥ 2 /8 in. (60 mm), web thickness
5 9 3
p ≥ /32 in. (4 mm), width of anchor head d1 ≥ /16 in. (14 mm), cutting length /8 in. (10 mm) ≤ wA ≤ 2 in. (51 mm).

1
1.3.3.3 Round headed anchors shall comply with the following dimensions: length lA ≥ 1 /5 in. (30 mm), shaft
1 1
diameter d2 ≥ /5 in. (5 mm), and head diameter d1 ≥ /2 in. (12 mm). The head is forged to the anchor or may consist of a nut.

1.3.3.4 Round headed anchors that are forged to the channel back shall comply with the requirements of

Section 1.3.3.3 of this Annex. The anchors shall be placed into prefabricated holes in the back of the channel and connected

rigidly with the channel back by a cold forging process.

1.3.3.5 The axial distance between the end of the channel and the nearest anchor shall be ≥ 1 in. (25.4 mm).

1.3.3.6 The axial distance between anchors shall be at least 2 in. (51 mm). The maximum distance is not limited.

If more than two anchors are connected to the channel back, their distance shall be constant.

1.3.4 Durability: Depending on the material of channel bolt, channel and anchor channels may be used in dry

internal environment, under external atmospheric conditions or in industrial atmosphere and in marine environment.

8
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

FIGURE 1—EXAMPLES OF ANCHOR CHANNELS WITH CORRESPONDING CHANNEL BOLT

a) Cold formed channel with welded I-shaped anchor
b) Cold formed channel with welded round anchor
c) Hot rolled channel with forged round anchor

9
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

a)

b)

FIGURE 2—EXAMPLE OF AN ANCHOR CHANNEL (A) EMBEDDED IN A CONCRETE MEMBER (B)

FIGURE 3—ANCHOR CHANNEL INSTALLED IN CONCRETE MEMBER (CROSS SECTION)

10
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

tension load: z-direction (in direction of anchor)

shear load: y-direction (perpendicular to longitudinal axis of channel)
FIGURE 4—LOAD DIRECTIONS COVERED BY THIS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

2.0 Definitions and Notations

2.1 Definitions
2.1.1 Anchor channel – Steel profile with rigidly connected anchors installed prior to concreting.
2.1.2 Anchor channel loading: Axial tension – Load applied perpendicular to the surface of the base material and in
direction of the anchor axis.
2.1.3 Anchor channel loading: Bending – Bending effect induced by a tension load applied in direction of the anchor axis
at any location between anchors.
2.1.4 Anchor channel loading: Combined – Axial tension and shear loading applied simultaneously (oblique loading).
2.1.5 Anchor channel loading: Shear – Shear acting parallel to the concrete surface and perpendicular to the longitudinal
axis of the channel.
2.1.6 Anchor channel installation – Instructions for placement of subject anchor channel.
2.1.7 Anchor diameter – Nominal diameter of the anchor element.
2.1.8 Anchor Reinforcement – Steel reinforcement to resist tension on shear load acting on the anchor channel
illustrations are provided in Figures RD.5.2.10.9 and RD.6.2.9.8.2 of this annex.
2.1.9 Anchor spacing – Axial distance between anchors.
2.1.10 Attachment – Structural assembly, external to the surface of the concrete, that transfers loads to or receives loads
from the anchor channel.
2.1.11 Base material – Material in which the anchor channel is installed.
2.1.12 Blow-out failure – Spalling of the concrete on the side face around the embedded anchor end with no major

breakout at the top concrete surface. This is usually associated with tensioned anchors with small side cover and deep

embedment.

2.1.13 Characteristic spacing – Spacing for ensuring the characteristic resistance of a single anchor.

11
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

2.1.14 Characteristic resistance – Five (5) percent fractile of the resistance (value corresponding to a 5 percent probability

of non-exceedance, with a confidence of 90 percent), based on a noncentral student’s t-distribution for which the population

standard deviation is unknown.

2.1.15 Clamping force – Prestressing force resulting from tightening of the screw against the fixture.

2.1.16 Concrete breakout failure – Failure of an anchor channel is an unconfined tension test characterized by the

formation of a conical fracture surface originating at the head of the anchor and projecting to the surface of the concrete

member (Illustrations are provided in Figure 5 a6 of this annex).

2.1.17 Concrete edge failure – Failure of an anchor channel installed at the edge of a concrete member and loaded in

shear towards the edge by the formation of a fracture surface originating at the channel and projecting towards the edge of the

concrete member (Illustrations are provided in Figure 5 b3 of this annex).

2.1.18 Concrete pryout failure – Failure of an anchor channel loaded in shear by the formation of a fracture surface

originating at the anchor head and projecting towards the concrete surface (Illustrations are provided in Figure 5 b4 of this

annex).

2.1.19 Cracked concrete – For the purpose of this criteria, a test member with an approximately uniform crack width over

the depth of the concrete member.

2.1.20 Displacement – Movement of an anchor channel, measured relative to the concrete member in which the load is

transmitted. In tension tests, displacement is measured parallel to the anchor axis; in shear tests, displacement is measured

perpendicular to the anchor axis.

2.1.21 Effective embedment depth – Distance between the concrete surface and side of the anchor head towards the

concrete surface (Illustrations are provided in Figure 3 of this annex).

2.1.22 Fastening – Assembly of fixture and anchor channel used to transmit loads to concrete.

2.1.23 Fixture – Steel part attached to the anchor channel by channel bolt (also see attachment).

2.1.24 Independent Testing Laboratory (ITL) – Testing laboratory accredited by a recognized accreditation body as

conforming to the requirements of ISO/EC 17025. In addition to compliance with ISO/EC 17025, the accreditation of the ITA

shall be predicated on documented experience in the testing of anchors in accordance with ASTM E 488, ACI 355.2, ICC-ES

AC193, and this criteria.

2.1.25 Independent Evaluation Agency (IEA) – Agency accredited by the International Accreditation Service as

conforming to the requirements of ISO/EC 17020. In addition to compliance with ISO/EC 17020, the accreditation of the IEA

shall be predicated on documented experience in the evaluation of anchors in accordance with ACI 355.2, ICC-ES AC193, this

criteria and the services of a registered design professional.

12
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

2.1.26 Independent Inspection Agency (IIA) – Inspection agency accredited by a recognized accreditation body as

conforming to the requirements of ISO 17020. In addition to compliance with this standard, the accreditation of the IIA shall be

predicated on documented experience in the inspection of anchors in accordance with ASTM E 488, ACI 355.2, ICC-ES

AC193, and this criteria.

2.1.27 Manufacturer’s published installation instructions – Printed instructions for the correct installation of anchor

channels under all anticipated installation conditions as supplied with the product. Manufacturer’s printed installation

instructions shall be clear, concise and easy to understand. In particular, the use of pictorial representation of procedures is

encouraged. All relevant steps shall be shown; in particular modifications to the installation process to accommodate non-

standard conditions (e.g. installation at the top side of a concrete member) shall be clearly denoted.

2.1.28 Mechanical interlock – Load transfer to a concrete member via constrained surfaces.

2.1.29 Minimum edge distance – Minimum location from anchor channel to concrete boundary, to allow adequate

placement and compaction of concrete and to avoid damage to the concrete during torquing of the channel bolt, to be reported

in the ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

2.1.30 Minimum member thickness – Minimum member thickness, where the anchor channels can be installed, to be

reported in the ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

2.1.31 Minimum spacing – Minimum distance between anchor channels, measured perpendicular to the longitudinal

channel axis to allow adequate placing and compaction of concrete, measured centerline to centerline, to be reported in the

ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

2.1.32 Pullout failure – A failure mode in which the anchor withdraws out of the concrete without developing the full

concrete resistance.

2.1.33 Channel Bolt – Threaded fastener that connects the element to be attached to the anchor channel.

2.1.34 Splitting failure – A failure in which the concrete fractures along a plane passing through the axis of the tensioned

anchor or anchors.

2.1.35 Statistically equivalent – Two groups of test results shall be considered as statistically equivalent if there are no

significant differences between the means and between the standard deviations of the two groups. Such statistical

equivalence shall be demonstrated using a one-sided Student’s t-Test at a confidence level of 90 percent.

2.1.36 Steel failure of anchor channel loaded by axial tension – Failure mode characterized by one of the following:

Fracture of the channel bolt (thread, shaft or screw head) (as Illustrated in Figure 5 a1 of this annex)

Bending and local fracture of the channel lips and subsequent pullout of the channel bolt (as Illustrated in Figure 5 a2 of this

annex)

13
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Bending failure of the channel (as Illustrated in Figure 5 a3 of this annex)

Fracture of connection between anchor and anchor channel (as Illustrated in Figure 5 a4 of this annex)

Fracture of anchor (as Illustrated in Figure 5 a5 of this annex)

Steel failure of anchor channel loaded by shear – Failure mode characterized by one of the following:

Fracture of the channel bolt (as Illustrated in Figure 5 b1 of this annex)

Bending and local fracture of the channel lips and subsequent pullout of the channel bolt (as Illustrated in Figure 5 b2 of this

annex)

2.1.37 Test member – A concrete element in which anchor channels are installed and tested.

2.1.38 Test series – A group of identical anchor channels tested under identical conditions.

2.1.39 5 percent Fractile – Value corresponding to a 5 percent probability of non-exceedence with a confidence of 90

percent, based on a Gaussian distribution for which the population standard deviation is unknown. See also characteristic

resistance.

14
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

a 1) a 2) a 3)

a 4) a 5) a 6)

b 1) b 2) b 3) b 4)
a) Tension: a1) steel failure of channel bolt; a2) flexural failure of channel lips; a3) flexural failure of channel; a4) failure of

connection between channel and anchor; a5) steel failure of anchor; a6) concrete cone failure. Pullout, splitting and

blowout failure not shown

b) Shear: b1) steel failure of channel bolt; b2) flexural failure of channel lip; b3) concrete edge failure; b4) pryout failure.

Pullout failure not shown.

FIGURE 5—FAILURE MODES OF ANCHOR CHANNELS UNDER TENSION AND SHEAR LOADING

2.2 Notations

Equations are provided in units of inches and pounds. For convenience, SI (metric) units are provided in parentheses where

appropriate. Unless otherwise noted, values in SI units shall be not used in equations without conversion to units of inches and

pounds.

bch width of channel, as shown in Figure 1 of this Annex, inch [mm]

bfix width of fixture, inch [mm]

ca edge distance of anchor channel, measured from edge of concrete member to axis of anchor channels, in.

(mm)

ca1 edge distance of anchor channel in direction 1, in. (mm)

ca1,red reduced edge distance of the anchor channel, as referenced in Eq. (D-27.a)
ca2 edge distance of anchor channel in direction 2, in. (mm)
ca,min minimum edge distance of anchor channel, in. (mm)]
cac edge distance required to develop full concrete capacity in absence of reinforcement to control splitting, in.
(mm)]

15
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

ccr edge distance required to develop full concrete capacity in absence of anchor reinforcement, in. (mm)]
ccr,N critical edge distance for anchor channel for tension loading for concrete breakout, in. (mm)]
ccr,Nb critical edge distance for anchor channel for tension loading, concrete blow out, in. (mm)
ccr,V critical edge distance for anchor channel for shear loading, concrete edge breakout, in. (mm)
d1 width of head of I-anchors or diameter of head of round anchor, as shown in Figure 1 of this Annex, in. (mm)
d2 shaft diameter of round anchor, in. (mm)
da diameter of anchor reinforcement , inch [mm]
ds diameter of channel bolt , as shown in Figure 1 of this Annex, inch [mm]
e1 distance between shear load and concrete surface, inch [mm]
es distance between the axis of the shear load and the axis of the anchor reinforcement resisting the shear load,
inch [mm]
f distance between anchor head and surface of the concrete , inch [mm]
f′c concrete compresseive strength measured from cylinder tests, psi (MPa)
f′c specified concrete compressive strength, psi [MPa]
fc,test,x concrete compressive strength corresponding to concrete used for test series x ,psi [MPa]
futa specified ultimate tensile strength of anchor, psi (MPa)
futa specified ultimate tensile strength of anchor, psi (MPa)
futc specified ultimate tensile strength of channel, psi (MPa)
futs specified ultimate tensile strength of channel bolt, psi (MPa)
fut,test,x tensile strength of steel used for test series x, psi (MPa)
fy specified yield tensile strength of steel, psi (MPa)
fya specified yield strength of anchor, psi (MPa)
fuc specified yield strength of channel, psi (MPa)
fus specified yield strength of channel bolt, psi (MPa)
fuci specified ultimate tensile strength of channel, psi (MPa)
futs specified ultimate tensile strength of channel bolt, psi (MPa)
fut,test,x tensile strength of steel used for test series x, psi (MPa)
fy specified yield tensile strength of steel, psi (MPa)
fya specified yield strength of anchor, psi (MPa)
fuc specified yield strength of channel, psi (MPa)
fus specified yield strength of channel bolt, psi (MPa)
fy specified yield tensile strength of steel ,psi [MPa]
h height of concrete member or test member, as shown in Figure 3 of this annex, inch [mm]
hch height of channel, as shown in Figure 1 of this Annex, inch [mm]
hcr,V critical member thickness, inch [mm]
hef effective embedment depth, as shown in Figure 1 of this Annex, inch [mm]
hef,red reduced effective embedment depth, as referenced in Eq. (D-7.c), in. (mm)
k load distribution factor, as referenced in Eq. (D-0.a)
kcp pryout factor [-]
lA length of I-anchor or rounded anchor , inch [mm]
l lever arm of the shear force acting on the channel bolt, inch [mm]
li influence length of an external load Nua along an anchor channel, in. [mm]
p web thickness of I-anchor , in. [mm]
s spacing of anchors in direction of longitudinal axis of channel, in. (mm)
scr anchor spacing required to develop full concrete capacity in absence of anchor reinforcement, in. [mm]
16
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

scr,N critical anchor spacing for tension loading, concrete breakout, in. [mm]
smax maximum spacing between anchor elements in anchor channels, in. (mm)
smin maximum spacing between anchor elements in anchor channels, in. (mm)
scr,Nb critical anchor spacing for tension loading, concrete blow-out, in. (mm)
scr,V critical anchor spacing for shear loading, concrete edge breakout, in. [mm]
x distance between end of channel and nearest anchor , in. [mm]
z internal lever arm of the concrete member, in. [mm]
Ai ordinate at the position of the anchor I, as illustrated in Figure RD.3.1.1 of this annex, inch [mm]
2
Ase,N effective cross-sectional area of anchor or channel bolt in tension, in , [mm²]
Ase,V effective cross-sectional area of channel bolt in shear [mm²]
Ftest test result from a test series, lbf [N]
Ftest,x test result from test series x, lb (N)
4 4
Iy moment of inertia of the channel about principal y-axis, in. (mm ), as illustrated in Figure 1 of this annex
M1 bending moment on fixture around axis in direction 1, lbf-in [Nm]
M2 bending moment on fixture around axis in direction 2, lbf-in [Nm]
Ms,flex nominal flexural strength of the anchor channel, lbf-in [Nm]
Ms,s flexural strength of the channel bolt, lbf-in [Nm]
0
M s,s nominal flexural strength of the channel bolt, lbf-in [Nm]
Mu,flex bending moment on the channel due to tension loads, lbf-in [Nm]
Nb basic concrete breakout strength of a single anchor in tension, lbf [N]
Ncb concrete breakout strength of a single anchor of anchor channel in tension, lbf [N]
Neq maximum tension load to be applied in simulated seismic tension test, lbf [N]
Ni intermediate tension load to be applied in the simulated seismic tension test, lbf [N]
Nm minimum tension load to be applied in the simulated seismic tension test, lbf [N]
Nn lowest nominal tension strength from all appropriate failure modes under tension, lbf [N]
Nsa nominal tensile steel strength of a single anchor, lbf [N]
Nsb nominal concrete side-face blowout strength, lbf [N]
0
N sb basic nominal concrete side-face blowout strength, lbf [N]
Nsc nominal tensile steel strength of the connection channel/anchor, lbf [N]
Nsl nominal tensile steel strength of the local bending of the channel lips, lbf [N]
a
Nua factored tension load on a single anchor of the anchor channel, lbf [N]

a
Nua,i factored tension load on anchor i of the anchor channel, lbf [N]

Nua,re factored tension load acting on the anchor reinforcement, lbf [N]
Tallowable,ASD allowable tension load for use in allowable stress design environments, lb (N)
Vallowable,ASD allowable shear load for use in allowable stress design environments, lb (N)
Vb basic concrete breakout strength in shear a single anchor, lbf [N]
Vca nominal strength of the anchor reinforcement, lbf [N]
Vca,max maximum value of Vca to be used in design, lbf (N)
Vcb nominal concrete breakout strength in shear of an anchor channel, lbf [N]
Vcp nominal pry-out strength of a single anchor, lbf [N]
Veq maximum shear load to be applied in the simulated seismic shear test, lbf [N]
Vi intermediate shear load to be applied in the simulated seismic shear test, lbf [N]
Vm minimum shear load to be applied in the simulated seismic shear test, lbf [N]
Vn lowest nominal steel strength from all appropriate failure modes under shear, lbf [N]
17
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Vsa nominal shear steel strength of a single anchor, lbf [N]

Vsl nominal shear steel strength of the local bending of the channel lips, lbf [N]
Vs,s nominal strength of channel bolt in shear, lbf [N]
Vua factored shear load on anchor channel, lbf [N]
a
Vua factored shear load on a single anchor of the anchor channel, lbf [N]

Vuaa ,i factored shear load on anchor i of the anchor channel, lbf [N]
3
Wel elastic section modulus, in [mm³]
αch factor to account for the influence of channel size on concrete breakout [-]
αM factor to account for the influence of restraint of fixture on the flexural strength of the channel bolt [-]
αp factor to account for the influence of channel size and anchor diameter on concrete edge failure [-]
αr factor to account for the influence of restraint of the embedded channel on the channel bending [-]
ψc,N modification factor to account for influence of cracked or uncracked concrete on concrete breakout [-]
ψc,Nb modification factor to account for influence of cracked or uncracked concrete on concrete blowout [-]
ψc,V modification factor to account for influence of cracked or uncracked concrete for concrete edge failure [-]
ψco,N modification factor for corner effects on concrete breakout for anchors loaded in tension [-]
ψco,Nb modification factor for corner effects on concrete blowout for anchors loaded in tension [-]
ψco,V modification factor for corner effects on concrete edge failure for anchor channels loaded in shear [-]
ψcp,N modification factor for anchor channels to control splitting
ψed,N modification factor for edge effect on concrete breakout for anchors loaded in tension [-]
ψg,Nb modification factor to account for influence of bearing area of neighboring anchors on concrete blowout for
anchors loaded in tension [-]
ψh,Nb modification factor to account for influence of member thickness on concrete blowout for anchors loaded in
tension [-]
ψh,V modification factor to account for influence of member thickness on edge failure for anchors channels loaded in
shear[-]
ψs,N modification factor to account for influence of location and loading of neighboring anchors on concrete breakout
for anchor channels loaded in tension [-]
ψs,Nb modification factor to account for influence of location and loading of neighboring anchors on concrete blowout
for anchor channels loaded in tension [-]
ψs,V modification factor to account for influence of location and loading of neighboring anchors for anchor channels
loaded in shear [-]

3.0 Design requirements

3.1 Strength design - amendments to ACI 318:

This section provides amendments to ACI 318-08 Appendix D (ACI 318) as required for the strength design of anchor

channels.

Add Sections D.3.1.1, D.3.3.2.1, D.4.1.4, D.4.1.5, D.4.4.1, D.5.1.3, D.5.2.10, D.5.3.7, D.5.4.3, D.6.1.4, D.6.2.9, D.6.3.2,

D.6.2.3, D.7.4 and D.8.8 to ACI 318, Appendix D as follows:

D.3.1.1 – Anchor channels shall be designed for critical effects of factored loads as determined by elastic analysis taking into

account the elastic support by anchors and the partial restraint of the channel ends by concrete compression stresses. As an

18
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

alternative, the triangular load distribution method in accordance with D.3.1.1.1 through D.3.1.1.3 to calculate the tension and

shear loads on anchors shall be permitted.

D.3.1.1.1 – The tension loads on anchors due to a tension load acting on the channel shall be computed in accordance with

Eq. (D-0.a). An example for the calculation of the forces acting on the anchors is given in Figure RD 3.1.1.

N uaa , i = k ⋅ Ai' ⋅ N ua , lbf (N) (D-0.a)

where:
Ai’ = ordinate at the position of the anchor i assuming a triangle with the unit height at the position of
load Nua and the base length 2li with li determined in accordance with Equation (D-0.c). Examples
are provided in Fig. RD.3.1.1.

k = 1/ ∑ A i' (D-0.b)

li = 4.93 ⋅ l y0, 05 ⋅ s 0,5 ≥ s , inch (D-0.c)

li = 13 ⋅ I 0,05
y ⋅s 0,5
≥s mm (D-0.c)

s = anchor spacing , inch [mm]

Nua = factored tension load on anchor channel, lbf ( N)

D.3.1.1.1.1 – The moment of inertia of the channel shall be taken from the relevant ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

D.3.1.1.1.2 – If several tension loads are simultaneously acting on the channel, a linear superimposition of the anchor forces

for all loads shall be assumed.

D. 3.1.1.1.3 –If the exact position of the load on the channel is not known, the most unfavorable loading position shall be

assumed for each failure mode (e.g. load acting over an anchor for the case of failure of an anchor by steel rupture or pull-out

and load acting between anchors in the case of bending failure of the channel).

19
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Nua

,1 = N ua,5 = 0
a a
Nua

a
Nua,2 Nua

a
Nua,3 Nua

a
Nua,4 Nua

FIGURE RD.3.1.1 – EXAMPLE FOR THE CALCULATION OF ANCHOR FORCES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE
TRIANGULAR LOAD DISTRIBUTION METHOD FOR AN ANCHOR CHANNEL WITH FIVE ANCHORS - THE INFLUENCE
LENGTH IS ASSUMED AS lI = 1.5s

D. 3.1.1.2 – The bending moment Mu,flex on the channel due to tension loads acting on the channel shall be computed

assuming a simply supported single span beam with a span length equal to the anchor spacing.

0
D. 3.1.1.3 – Shear loads V ua,i on anchors due to a shear load Vua acting on the channel perpendicular to its longitudinal axis

shall be computed in accordance with Section D.3.1.1.1 through D.3.1.1.3 replacing Nua in Eq. (D-0.a) by Vua

D. 3.1.1.4 – Tension forces of anchor reinforcement shall be computed in accordance with D.3.1.1.4.1 and D.3.1.1.4.2

D. 3.1.1.4.1 – If tension loads are acting on the anchor channel, the factored tension forces of the anchor reinforcement for
0
one anchor shall be computed for the factored tension load ,N ua,i, of the anchor assuming a strut-and-tie model.

D. 3.1.1.4.2 – If a shear load Vua is acting on the anchor channel, the resultant factored tension force of the anchor

reinforcement shall be computed by Eq. (D-0.d)

20
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

⎛e ⎞
Nua,re = Vua ⎜⎜ s + 1⎟⎟ lbf (N) (D-0.d)
⎝ z ⎠

where (as illustrated in Figure RD.3.1.1.4):

es = distance between reinforcement and shear force acting on the anchor channel, in. (mm)
z = internal lever arm of the concrete member, in. (mm)
≈ 0.85·(h-hch-0,5da)

⎧2h ef ⎫
⎪ ⎪
≤ ⎨ ⎬
⎩2c a1 ⎪
⎪ ⎭

Vua

Nua,re

Cua

ca1

FIGURE RD.3.1.1.4 – ANCHOR REINFORCEMENT TO RESIST SHEAR LOADS

D.3.3.2.1 – Anchor channels shall be qualified for use in cracked concrete and shall have passed the Simulated Seismic Tests

in accordance with this criteria. Strength of the anchor channel in tension and shear shall be based on the results of the

Simulated Seismic Tests.

D.4.1.4 – Strength design of anchor channels shall be based either on computation using design models that comply with the

requirements of D.4.2 or on testing using the 5 percent fractile of test results for the following:

Tension Load:

a) Steel Failure: Steel strength of anchor, strength of connection between anchor and channel, strength for local failure

of channel lip, strength of channel bolt, bending strength of channel (D.5.1)

b) Concrete breakout strength of anchor in tension (D.5.2)

c) Pullout strength of anchor channel in tension (D.5.3)

d) Concrete side-face blowout strength of anchor channel in tension (D.5.4)

Shear Load:
21
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

e) Steel Failure: Strength of channel bolt, strength for local failure of channel lip, and strength of anchor (D.6.1)

f) Concrete edge breakout strength of anchor channel in shear (D.6.2.)

g) Concrete pryout strength of anchor channel in shear (D.6.3.)

In addition, anchor channels shall satisfy the requirements for edge distances, spacings, and member thickness to prevent

splitting failure, as required in D.8

D.4.1.5 – In Eq. (D-1) and (D-2), φNn and φVn are the lowest design strengths determined from all appropriate failure modes.

φNn is the lowest design strength in tension of an anchor channel determined from consideration of φNsa, φNsc, φNs,l, φNs,s,

φNs,flex, φNcb, φNpn, and φNsb. φVn is the lowest design strength in shear of an anchor channel as determined from φVss, φVsl,

φVcb, and φVcp. The design strengths for all anchors of an anchor channel shall be determined.

D.4.4.1 – For anchor channels the strength reduction factors,φ, for cast-in headed bolts in D.4.4 or D.4.5 shall be used. For the
connection between anchor and channel, the strength reduction factor shall be φ = 0.6.

D.5.1.3 – For anchor channels the nominal steel strength shall be determined as follows:

D.5.1.3.1 – The nominal strength Nsa of a single anchor shall be computed in accordance with D.5.1.2
D.5.1.3.2 – The nominal strength Nsc of the connection between anchor and anchor channel shall be taken from the ICC-ES

Evaluation Report.

D.5.1.3.3 – The nominal strength of the channel lips to take up tension loads transmitted by a channel bolt, Ns,l, shall be taken

from the ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

This value is valid only if the clear distance between two channel bolts, ss, at least 2bch. If this requirement is not met than the
value Nsc given in the ICC-ES Evaluation report shall be reduced by the factor (0.5+ss/(2bch)) ≤ 1.0.

D.5.1.3.4 – The nominal strength of the channel bolt, Nss, shall be taken from the ICC-ES Evaluation Report and shall not

exceed the valve determined in accordance with Eq. (D-319).

Nss = Ase,N futs (D-3.a)

2 2
where Ase,N is the effective cross-sectional area in tension, in (mm ); and futs shall be taken as the smaller of 1.9 fys and
125,000 psi (860 MPa).

D.5.1.3.5– The nominal bending strength of the anchor channel, Ms,flex, shall be taken from the ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

D.5.2.10– Concrete breakout strength of anchor channel in tension

D.5.2.10.1 – The nominal concrete breakout strength Ncb of a single anchor in tension of an anchor channel shall be
determined in accordance with Eq. (D-4.a)

Ncb = Nb ψs,N ψed,N ψco,N ψc,N ψcp,N (D-4.a)

Factors ψs,N, ψed,N, ψco,N, ψc,N, and ψcp,N are defined in D.5.2.10.4, D.5.2.10.5, D.5.2.10.6 and D.5.2.10.7, respectively. Nb is
defined in D.5.2.10.2.
22
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

D.5.2.10.2 – The basic concrete breakout strength of a single anchor in tension in cracked concrete, Nb, shall be determined in
accordance with Eq. (D-7.a).

Nb = 8.9 ⋅ α ch ⋅ fc´ ⋅ h1.5

ef , lbf
(D-7.a)

Nb = 10 ⋅ α ch ⋅ fc ⋅ h1.5
ef (D-7.a)
,N

where

hef 0.15
αch = ( ) ≤ 1 , inch-pound units (D-7.b)
180

0.15 (D-7.b)
αch
⎛ hef ⎞
= ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ≤1 (SI-units)
⎝ 7 .1 ⎠

D.5.2.10.3 – Where anchor channels with hef > 7.1 in. (180mm) in an application with three or more edges (as illustrated in Fig.
RD.5.2.10.3) with edge distances less than ccr,N (ccr,N in accordance with Eq. (D-11a)) from the anchor under consideration, the
values of hef used in Eq. (D-7.a), (D-7.b), (D-9.b) and (D-11.a) may be reduced to hef,red in accordance with Eq. (D-7.c)

c a ,max s
h ef ,red = max( ⋅ h ef ; ⋅ h ef ) in. (mm) (D-7.c)
c cr, N s cr, N

where

ca,max is the maximum value of edge or corner distance, in. (mm). The values ccr,N and scr,N in Eq. (D-7c) shall be computed

with hef.

a b

FIGURE RD.5.2.10.3 – EXAMPLES OF ANCHOR CHANNELS WHERE A REDUCED VALUE OF THE EMBEDMENT

DEPTH SHALL BE USED: a) ANCHOR CHANNEL WITH INFLUENCE OF AN EDGE AND TWO CORNERS; b) ANCHOR

CHANNEL WITH INFLUENCE OF TWO EDGES AND ONE CORNER

23
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

D.5.2.10.4 – The modification factor to account for the influence of location and loading of neighboring anchors, ψs,N, shall be

computed in accordance with Eq. (D-9.a)

1
ψ s,N =
n +1 ⎡⎛ si ⎞
1.5 a ⎤
Nua (D-9.a)
⎢
1 + ∑ ⎜1 −⎜ ⎟ i ⎥

i= 2 ⎢ s ⎟ ⋅ Na ⎥
⎣⎝ cr ,N ⎠ ua,1
⎦
where (as illustrated in Fig. RD.5.2.10.4):

si = distance between the anchor under consideration and neighbouring anchor, in. (mm)
≤ scr,N
scr,N = 2 ⋅ (2.8 − 1.3 ⋅ hef / 7.1) ⋅ hef ≥ 3 ⋅ hef in. (D-9.b)

scr,N = 2 ⋅ (2.8 − 1.3 ⋅ hef / 180) ⋅ hef ≥ 3 ⋅ hef , mm

N a =
ua ,i Factored tension load of an influencing anchor, lbf (N)
a
Nua = Factored tension load of the anchor under consideration, lbf (W)
,1

n = number of anchors within a distance scr,N to both sides of the anchor under consideration

1 anchor under consideration

2 to 4 influencing anchors
FIGURE RD.5.2.10.4– EXAMPLE OF AN ANCHOR CHANNEL WITH DIFFERENT ANCHOR TENSION FORCES

D.5.2.10.5 – The modification factor for edge effect of anchors loaded in tension, ψ ed , N , shall be computed in accordance
with Eq. (D-10.a) or (D-10.b)

If c a,min ≥ c cr ,N
then ψ ed,N = 1.0 (D-10.a)

24
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

If c a,min < c cr ,N
c a,min
then ψ ed,N = ( ) 0.5 ≤ 1.0 (D-10.b)
c cr,N

where

ccr,N = 0.5 ⋅ s cr ,N = (2.8 − 1.3 ⋅ h ef / 7.1) ⋅ h ef ≥ 1.5h ef in (D-11.a)

ccr,N = 0.5 ⋅ s cr , N = (2.8 − 1.3 ⋅ hef / 180) ⋅ hef ≥ 1.5hef , mm (D-11.a)

If anchor channels are located in a narrow concrete member with different edge distances ca1 and ca2 (as shown in Figure

RD.5.2.10.5b), the minimum value of ca1,1 and ca1,2 shall be inserted in Eq. (D-10.b).

ca1 ca1 ca2

FIGURE RD.5.2.10.5 – ANCHOR CHANNEL AT AN EDGE (A) OR IN A NARROW MEMBER (B)

D.5.2.10.6 – The modification factor for corner effect for anchors loaded in tension, ψ co, N , shall be computed in accordance
with Eq. (D-11.b) or (D-11.c)

If c a 2 ≥ c cr ,N
then ψ co,N = 1.0 (D-11.b)

If c a,2 < c cr ,N
c a 2 0.5
then ψ co,N = ( ) ≤1 (D-11.c)
c cr ,N

25
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

where

ca2 = distance of the anchor under consideration to the corner (see Figure
RD.5.2.10.6 a,b)

If an anchor is influenced by two corners (as illustrated in Figure RD.5.2.10.6), the factor ψco,N shall be computed for the values

ca1,1 and ca1,2 and the product of the factors ψco,N shall be inserted in Eq. (D-4.a).

ca2,1<ccr,N

ca1,1
ca2<ccr,N

ca1,2
ca2<ccr,N

ca1 ca1 ca1 ca2

ca2,2<ccr,N

FIGURE RD.5.2.10.6 – ANCHOR CHANNEL AT A CORNER OF A CONCRETE MEMBER

D.5.2.10.7 – For anchor channels located in a region of a concrete member where analysis indicates no cracking at service

load levels, the following modification factor shall be permitted

ψc,N = 1.25

Where analysis indicates cracking at service load levels, ψc,N shall be taken as 1.0. The cracking in the concrete shall be

controlled by flexural reinforcement distributed in accordance with 10.6.4., or equivalent crack control shall be provided by

confining reinforcement.

D.5.2.10.8 – The modification factor for anchor channels designed for uncracked concrete without supplementary

reinforcement to control splitting, ψcp,N, shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-12) or Eq. (D-13) using the critical

distance cac as defined in D.8.8.

If ca ,min ≥ cac
then ψ cp , N = 1.0 (D-12)

26
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

If ca ,min < cac

c a ,min (D-13)
then ψ cp , N =
cac

For all other cases, ψcp,N shall be taken as 1.0

D.5.2.10.9 – Where anchor reinforcement is developed in accordance with Chapter 12 on both sides of the breakout surface of

an anchor of an anchor channel, the design strength of the anchor reinforcement shall be permitted to be used instead of the

concrete breakout strength in determining φNn. The anchor reinforcement for one anchor shall be designed for the tension
a
force, N ua, on this anchor using a strut-and-tie model. The provisions in RD.5.2.9 shall be taken into account when sizing and

detailing the anchor reinforcement. A strength reduction factor Ø of 0.75 shall be used in the design of the anchor

reinforcement.

For anchor channels located parallel to the edge of a concrete member or in a narrow concrete member, the plane of the

anchor reinforcement shall be arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel (as shown in Figure RD.5.2.10.9)

1 = anchor reinforcement
2 = surface reinforcement
FIGURE RD.5.2.10.9 – ARRANGEMENT OF ANCHOR REINFORCEMENT
FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS LOADED BY TENSION LOAD
D5.3.7 –Pullout Strength of Anchor Channels in Tension
D.5.3.7.1 – For anchors of anchor channels, D.5.3.1, D.5.3.4, and D.5.3.6 are valid.
D.5.4.3 – Concrete Side-Face Blowout Strength of Anchor Channels In Tension
D.5.4.3.1 – For anchor channels with deep embedment close to an edge (hef > 2.0 ca1) the nominal side-face blowout strength,

Nsb, of a single anchor shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-17.a).

27
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Nsb = N0sb ⋅ ψ s,Nb ⋅ ψ g,Nb ⋅ ψ co,Nb ⋅ ψ h,Nb ⋅ ψ c,Nb ,lbf (N) (D-17.a)

where

N0sb is defined in Section D.5.4.3.2 and the factors Ψs,Nb, Ψg,Nb, Ψco,Nb Ψh,Nb, and Ψc,Nb are defined in D.5.4.3.3 to D.5.4.3.7,

respectively.

D.5.4.3.2 – The basic nominal strength of a single anchor without influence of neighboring anchors, corner or member

thickness effects in cracked concrete, N 0sb , shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-17.b).

o
Nsb = 96.4 ⋅ c a1⋅ A brg ⋅ f ´ c , lbf
(D-17.b)
N o
sb = 8 ⋅ c a1 ⋅ A brg ⋅ f ´
c ,N

D.5.4.3.3 – The modification factor accounting for the distance to and loading of neighboring anchors, ψ s,Nb , shall be

computed in accordance with Eq. (D-9a;, however scr,N shall be replaced by scr,Nb, which is computed in accordance with Eq.

(D-17.c).

s cr,Nb = 4c a , in. (mm) (D-17.c)

D.5.4.3.4 – The modification factor to account for influence of the bearing area of neighboring anchors, ψ g,Nb , shall be
computed in accordance with Eq. (D-17.d) or Eq. (D-17.e).

If s ≥ 4c a
(D-17.d)
then ψ g,Nb = 1.0

If s < 4c a
s (D-17.e)
then ψ g,Nb = n + (1 − n ) ⋅ ≥1
4c a1

where n = number of tensioned anchors in a row parallel to the edge

D.5.4.3.5 – The modification factor to account for influence of corner effects, ψ co, Nb , shall be computed in accordance with
Eq. D-17.f).

0,5
⎛ c ⎞
ψ c 0, Nb = ⎜ a2 ⎟ ≤1 (D-17.f)
⎜c ⎟
⎝ cr, Nb ⎠

28
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

where
ca2 = corner distance of the anchor, for which the resistance is computed, in. (mm)
ccr,Nb = 2ca1, in. (mm) (D-17.g)
If an anchor is influenced by two corners (ca2 < 2ca), then the factor ψc0,Nb shall be computed for ca2,1 and ca2,2 and the product

of the factors shall be inserted in Eq. (D-17.a).

D.5.4.3.6 – The modification factor to account for influence of the member thickness, ψh,Nb, shall be computed in accordance
with Eq. (D-17.h) or Eq. (D-17.j).

If f ≥ 4c a
(D-17.h)
then ψ h,Nb = 1.0

If f < 2c a
h ef + f 2c a + f (D-17.i)
then ψ h,Nb = ≤
4c a 4c a

where
f = distance between the anchor head and the surface of the concrete member opposite to the anchor
channel (as illustrated in Figure RD.5.4.3.6), in. (mm)

FIGURE RD.5.4.3.6 -- ANCHOR CHANNEL AT THE EDGE OF A THIN CONCRETE MEMBER

D.5.4.3.7 – The modification factor to account for influence of uncracked concrete, ψc,Nb, shall be computed in accordance with
D.5.2.10.7

D.5.4.3.8 – For anchor channels located perpendicular to the edge and loaded uniformly, verification is only required for the

anchor closest to the edge.

D.6.1.4 – Steel Strength of Anchor Channel in Shear

D.6.1.4.1 – For anchor channels, the nominal steel shear strength shall be determined as follows:

a) – The nominal strength of a channel bolt in shear, Vss, shall be taken from the ICC-ES Evaluation Report. The maximum

value shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-20.a).

29
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Vs,s = 0.6 ּ◌ Ase,V ּ◌ futs (D-20.a)

where

Ase,V is the effective cross-sectional area of the channel bolt in shear and futs shall not be taken as the smaller of 1.9 fys and

125,000 psi (860 N/mm²).

If the fixture is not clamped against the concrete but secured to the channel bolt at a distance from the concrete surface (e.g.

by double nuts), the nominal strength of a channel bolt in shear, Vs,s, shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-20.b)

α M ⋅ Ms,s
Vs,s = , lbf, (N) (D-20.b)
l

where
αM = factor to take account of restraint of the fixture
= 1.0 if the fixture can rotate freely (no restraint)
= 2.0 if the fixture cannot rotate (full restraint)

M s,s =
Mos,s ⋅ (1 − Nua /N s,s ) , lbf - in (Nmm) (D-20.c)

= nominal bending strength of channel bolt

Mos,s
= 1.2 Wel ⋅ futs , lbf - in (Nmm) (D-20.d)

3 3
Wel = elastic section modulus if channel bolt, in (mm )
futs = as defined for Eq. (D-20.a, psi (MPa)
l = lever arm, in. (mm)

b) The nominal strength of the channel lips to take up shear loads transmitted by a channel bolt, Vs,l, shall be taken from the

ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

c) The nominal strength of one anchor, Vsa, to take up shear loads shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-20)
D.6.2.9 – Concrete Breakout Strength of a Single Anchor Channel In Shear

D.6.2.9.1 – The nominal concrete breakout strength, Vcb, in shear of one anchor of an anchor channel in cracked concrete

shall be computed as follows:

a) For a shear force perpendicular to the edge, by Eq. (D-21.a)

Vcb = Vb ⋅ ψ s,V ⋅ ψ co,V ⋅ ψ c,V ⋅ ψ h,V , lbf (N) (D-21.a)

b) For a shear force parallel to an edge (as shown in Figure RD.6.2.9.1), Vcb shall be permitted to be 2.5 times the value

of the shear force determined from Eq. (D-21.a) with the shear force assumed to act perpendicular to the edge.

30
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

The modification factors Ψs,V, Ψco,V, Ψc,V and Ψh,V are defined in D.6.2.9.3, D.6.2.9.4, D.6.2.9.5 and D.6.2.9.6, respectively.

Vb is the basic concrete breakout strength of one anchor of an anchor channel determined in accordance with D.6.2.9.2.

ca1

Vua

FIGURE RD.6.2.9.1: ANCHOR CHANNEL ARRANGED PERPENDICULAR TO THE EDGE AND LOADED
PARALLEL TO THE EDGE

D.6.2.9.2 – The basic concrete breakout strength in shear of a single anchor in an anchor channel in cracked concrete, Vb,
shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-22.a).

1.5
Vb = α p ⋅ fc' ⋅ c a1 , lbf (N) (D-22.a)

where α p is a factor to account for the influence of channel size and anchor diameter. It shall be taken from the ICC-ES

Evaluation Report or a default value, αp = 1.0( α p = 2.5) shall be used.

D.6.2.9.3 – The modification factor to account for the influence of location and loading of neighboring anchors, Ψs,V, shall be

computed as

1
ψ s,V =
n +1 ⎡⎛ s ⎞
1,5 a ⎤
Vua (D-23.a)
1 + ∑ ⎢⎜⎜ 1 − i ⎟
⎟ ⋅ ,i
⎥
i= 2 ⎢ Vua,1 ⎥
a
s cr,V
⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎦

where (as illustrated in Figure RD.6.2.9.3):

si = distance between the anchor under consideration and the neighboring anchors, in. (mm)
≤ scr,v
scr,v = 4ca1 + 2bch, in. (mm) (D-23.b)
a
Vua = factored shear load of an influencing anchor, lbf (N)
,i

a
Vua = factored shear load of the anchor under consideration, lbf (N)
,1

n = number of anchors within a distance scr,V to both sides of the anchor under consideration

31
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

FIGURE RD.6.2.9.3 -- EXAMPLE OF AN ANCHOR CHANNEL WITH DIFFERENT ANCHOR SHEAR FORCES

D.6.2.9.4 – The modification factor for corner effect for an anchor loaded in shear, Ψco,V, shall be computed in accordance with
Eq. (D-24.a) or (D-25.b).

If c a 2 ≥ c cr,V
(D-24.a)
then ψ co,V = 1.0

If c a 2 < c cr,V
c a 2 0.5 (D-25.b)
then ψ co,V = ( )
c cr ,V

where

ccr,V = 2c a1 + b ch , in. (mm)

(D-25.c)

If an anchor is influenced by two corners (as shown in Figure RD.6.2.9.4b)), then the factor Ψco,V in accordance with Eq. (D-

25.a) or (D-25.b) shall be computed for each corner and the product shall be inserted in Eq. (D-21.a).

32
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

FIGURE RD.6.2.9.4 -- EXAMPLE OF AN ANCHOR CHANNEL WITH ANCHORS INFLUENCED BY ONE (A) OR TWO (B)
CORNERS
D.6.2.9.5 – For anchor channels located in a region of a concrete member where analysis indicates no cracking at service load

levels, the following modification factor shall be permitted:

Ψc,V = 1.4

For anchor channels located in a region of a concrete member where analysis indicates cracking at service load levels, the

following modifications shall be permitted

Ψc,V = 1.0 for anchor channels in cracked concrete with no supplementary reinforcement.

Ψc,V = 1.4 for anchor channels in cracked concrete containing edge reinforcement with a diameter of ½ inch (12.7 mm)

or greater (No. 4 bar or greater) between the anchor channel and the edge, and with the edge reinforcement

enclosed within stirrups with a diameter of ½ inch (12.7) mm or greater ( No. 4 or greater) spaced 4 inches

(100 mm) maximum.

D.6.2.9.6 – The modification factor for anchor channels located in a concrete member with h < hcr,V, Ψh,V (an example is given

in Figure RD 6.2.9.6), shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-26.a).

2/3
⎛ h ⎞
ψ h, V =⎜ ⎟ (D-26.a)
⎜h ⎟
⎝ cr , V ⎠

where
hcr,V = 2ca1 + 2hch, in. (mm) (D-26.b)

33
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

FIGURE RD.6.2.9.6 -- EXAMPLE OF AN ANCHOR CHANNEL IN A MEMBER WITH A THICKNESS H < HCR,V

D.6.2.9.7 – Where an anchor channel is located in a narrow member (ca2,max < ccr,V) with a thickness h < hcr,V (see Figure

RD.6.2.9.7), the edge distance ca1 in Eq. (D-22.a), (D-23.b), (D-25.b) and (D-26.b) shall not exceed the value ca1,red determined

in accordance with Eq. (D-27.a).

c a1,red = max {(c a2,max − b ch ) / 2; (h − 2h ch ) / 2} , in. (mm) (D-27.a)

where ca2,max is the largest of the edge distances perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel.

anchor under
neighboring anchor
ca1

ca1
ca1,red
ca1,red

2ca1,red
ca2,1 ca2,2

bch 2ca1,red

FIGURE RD.6.2.9.7 – EXAMPLE OF AN ANCHOR CHANNEL INFLUENCED BY TWO CORNERS AND MEMBER

THICKNESS (IN THE EXAMPLE CA2,2 IS DECISIVE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CA1,red)

D.6.2.9.8 – Where for anchor channels with bch greater than 1.1 inches (28 mm) and hch greater than 0.6 inches (15 mm)

arranged parallel to the edge and loaded by a shear load perpendicular to the edge and anchor reinforcement is developed in

accordance with Chapter 12 on both sides of the concrete surface, the design strength of the anchor reinforcement, Vca, shall

be permitted to be used instead of the concrete breakout strength in determining φVn. A strength reduction factor φ of 0.75

shall be used in the design of the anchor reinforcement. The strength of the anchor reinforcement assumed in design shall not

34
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

exceed the value in accordance with D.6.2.9.8.1. Only anchor reinforcement that complies with D.6.2.9.8.2 shall be assumed

as effective. The provisions in D.6.2.9.8.3 shall be satisfied.

D.6.2.9.8.1 – The strength of the anchor reinforcement, Vca, shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (D-28.a).

Vca. max = 2.85 ⋅ c a−10.12 ⋅ Vcb , lbf (D-28.a)

Vca = 4.2c a−10.12 ⋅ Vcb , N (D-28.a)

where Vcb is determined in accordance with Eq. (D-21.a)

D.6.2.9.8.2 – Anchor reinforcement shall consist of stirrups made from deformed reinforcing steel bars with a maximum

diameter of ⅝ inch (15.9 mm) (No. 5 bar) and straight edge reinforcement with a diameter not smaller than the diameter of the

stirrups (as shown in Figure RD.6.2.9.8.2). Only one bar at both sides of each anchor shall be assumed as effective. The

distance of this bar from the anchor shall not exceed 0.5 ca1 and the anchorage length in the breakout body shall be no less

than 4 times the bar diameter. The distance between stirrups shall not exceed than the smaller of anchor spacing or 6 inches

(152 mm).

s≤scr,V s

≤s ≤da
≥4da

≤0,5cca1
ca1

≤150mm (6 in)

0,5scr,V
da≤16mm
(#5 bar)

FIGURE RD.6.2.9.8.2 -- REQUIREMENTS FOR DETAILING OF ANCHOR REINFORCEMENT OF ANCHOR CHANNELS

D.6.2.9.8.3 – The anchor reinforcement of an anchor channel shall be designed for the highest anchor load, Vuaa , of all

anchors but at least for the highest individual shear load, Vua , acting on the channel. This anchor reinforcement shall be

arranged at all anchors of an anchor channel.

D.6.3.2 – The nominal pryout strength in shear of a single anchor of an anchor channel without anchor reinforcement shall be
computed in accordance with Eq. (D-30.a).

Vcp = k cp ⋅ Ncb , lbf (N) (D-30.a)

where
kcp = Factor taken from the ICC-ES Evaluation Report. The following default values may be used:
35
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

kcp = 1.0 for hef < 2.5 in (63.5 mm) and

kcp = 2.0 for hef ≥ 2.5 in (63.5 mm)
Ncb = nominal concrete breakout strength of the anchor under consideration, lbf (N), determined in
accordance with D.5.2.10; however in the determination of the modification factor ψs,N the values
a a a a
Nua,1 and Nua,i in Eq. (D-9.a) shall be replaced by Vua,1 and Vua,i , respectively

D.6.3.3 – The nominal pryout strength of one anchor of an anchor channel with anchor reinforcement shall not exceed

Vcp = 0.75 ⋅ k cp ⋅ Ncb , lbf (N) (D-31.a)

where kcp and Ncb as defined in D.6.3.2.

D.7.4 – Unless determined in accordance with D.4.3, anchor channels subjected to both axial and shear loads shall be
designed to satisfy the requirements of D.7.4.1 through D.7.4.3 for all anchors in the anchor channel. The values of φNn and
φVn shall be as required in D.4.1.5.

D.7.4.1 – If for anchor channels with or without anchor reinforcement, steel failure of the anchor channel is decisive for tension
and shear loads then Eq. (D-32.a) applies.

2 2
⎛ N uaa ⎞ ⎛ Vuaa ⎞
⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ≤ 1.0 (D-32.a)
⎝ ΦN n ⎠ ⎝ ΦVn ⎠

D.7.4.2 – If for anchor channels with anchor reinforcement to resist tension and shear loads, steel failure of the anchor channel
or the channel bolt is not decisive for at least one loading direction, then the requirements of D.7.4.2.1 through D.7.4.2.3 shall
be satisfied:

a
D.7.4.2.1 – If V ua ≤ 0.2 φVn, then full strength in tension shall be permitted: φNn ≥ Nua

a
D.7.4.2.2 – If N ua ≤ 0.2 φNn, then full strength in shear shall be permitted: φVn ≤ Vua

a
D.7.4.2.3 – If V ua > 0.2 φVn and Nua > 0.2 φNn, then Eq. (D-32.b) applies.

Naua Vuaa
+ ≤ 1. 2 (D-32.b)
ΦNn ΦVn

D.7.4.3 – If for anchor channels with anchor reinforcement to take up tension or shear loads, steel failure of the anchor
channel or the channel bolt is not decisive for at least on loading direction, then Eq. (D-32.c) applies.

N uaa V uaa
+ ≤ 1 .0 (D-32.c)
ΦN n ΦVn

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

D.8.8 – For anchor channels the following additional provisions apply

D.8.8.1 – The minimum edge distance shall be taken from the ICC-ES Evaluation Report.

D.8.8.2 – The minimum anchor spacing is 2 inches (51 mm)

D.8.8.3 – The critical edge distance, cac, shall be taken from the ICC-ES Evaluation Report.
3.2 Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Information (Optional):
3.2.1 Strength design values determined in accordance with ACI 318 Appendix D with amendments in Section 3.1 of this
annex, be converted to values suitable for use with allowable stress design load combinations. Such guidance of conversions
shall be in accordance with the following:

3.2.1.1 General: For anchors designed using load combinations in accordance with IBC Section 1605.3 (Allowable Stress
Design) allowable loads shall be established using Eq. 3.1 or Eq. 3.2.

ΦN n Eq. (3.1)
Tallowable,ASD =
α

and

ΦVn Eq. (3.2)

Vallowable,ASD =
α

Where:

Tallowable,ASD = Allowable tension load, lb (N)

Vallowable,ASD = Allowable shear load, lb (N)

φ Nn = Lowest design strength of an anchor or anchor group in tension as determined in accordance with ACI 318 Appendix
D with amendments in Section 3.1 of this annex, lb (N)

φ Vn = Lowest design strength of an anchor or anchor group in shear as determined in accordance with ACI 318 Appendix D
with amendments in Section 3.1 of this annex, lb (N).

α = Conversion factor calculated as a weighted average of the load factors for the controlling load combination. In addition,
α shall include all applicable factors to account for non-ductile failure modes and required over-strength.

3.2.1.2 Interaction shall be calculated in accordance with ACI 318 D.7 and amendments in Section 3.1 of this annex for all
anchors of the anchor channel as follows:

a. If for anchor channels without or with anchor reinforcement steel failure for the channel or the channel bolt is derived
for tension and shear loads then Eq. (3.3) shall be used.

Ta Va Eq. (1.3)
( )² + ( )² ≤ 1.0
Tallowable , ASD Vallowable , ASD

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Where:

a
T = Tension load on anchor calculated according to ACI 318, Appendix D with amendments
in Section 3.1 of this annex, lbf (N)
a
V = Shear load on anchor calculated according to ACI 318, Appendix D with amendments
in of this annex, lbf (N)

b. If for anchor channels without anchor reinforcement or with anchor reinforcement to resist tension and shear load,
steel failure of the anchor channel or the channel bolt are not apparent for at least one loading direction, then the following
provisions shall be satisfied:

a
For shear loads V ≤ 0.2 Vallowable,ASD, the full allowable load in tension shall be permitted.
a
For tension loads T ≤ 0.2 Tallowable,ASD, the full allowable load in shear shall be permitted.
For all other cases:

Ta Va Eq. (3.2)
+ ≤ 1 .2
Tallowable ,ASD Vallowable ,ASD

c. If for anchor channels with anchor reinforcement to take up tension or shear loads, steel failure of the anchor channel
or the channel bolt is not decisive for at least one loading direction, then Eq. (3.5) applies.

Ta Va Eq. (3.5)
+ ≤ 1 .0
Tallowable ,ASD Vallowable ,ASD

3.2.2 For load combinations including earthquake in regions designated as Seismic Design Categories, C, D, E, or F, the
values used to determine φNn in Eq. (3.1) and φVn in Eq. (3.2) associated with concrete failure modes shall be multiplied by
0.75 in accordance With ACI 318 D.3.3.3.

4.0 Test organization

4.1 General

Qualification of an anchor channel with this criteria requires two basic series of tests

1. Identification tests to evaluate compliance of anchor channels with manufacturer’s specification, as set forth in
Section 6.0 of this Annex.

2. Service condition tests to establish performance of the anchor channel under expected service conditions, as set
forth in Section 7.0 of this Annex.

4.2 Test requirements for anchor channels

4.2.1 Test requirements to establish structural performance of anchor channels to resist static loads, wind loads and seismic
loads are defined in Table 4.1.

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 PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

TABLE 4.1 -- TEST PROGRAM FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS FOR USE IN UNCRACKED AND CRACKED CONCRETE

Minimum Channel bolt

Test Test Test
fc ∆w No. of Channel Anchor Material
no. ref. description ds strength
tests
Section
in psi inch inch
[-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-]
Annex [N/mm²] [mm] [mm]
A
Steel failure under tension load
1
1 7.3 channel / anchor - - 5 all all all max max
bending of channel
1
2 7.3 lips, pull-out of - - 5 all all all max max
channel bolt
3 7.3 screw head - - 5 unfavorable - all unfavorable
bending strength of
2
the channel
4 7.4 low 0
s=smax , inch [mm] 5 all max all max max
3
s<smax , inch [mm] 5 all max all max max
4
5 7.5 torque tests - - 5 all max all all all
Concrete failure under tension load
splitting failure due to
ca =ca,min
un- un-
6 7.6 6 low 0 5 all unfavorable
installation favorable favorable
s=smin, h=hmin
Splitting failure under
load un- un-
7 7.7 low 0 4 all max max
favorable favorable
ca1 = ca2 = ccr,sp; scr,sp
Steel failure under shear load
bending of channel
1
8 7.8 lips, pull-out of low 0 5 all - all max max
6
channel bolt
Concrete failure under shear load
7
Concrete edge failure
9 7.9 low 0 5 see Section 7.9 max max
ca = ca,min, = s = smax
Seismic tests
8 8
10 7.10 Seismic tension low 0,5 5 all all all max max
11 7.11 Seismic shear low 0,5 5 all all all max max
1
If the coefficient of variation of the failure loads is V ≤ 5 percent, the number of tests can be reduced to n = 3.
2
Tests are only necessary if restraint of channels embedded in concrete shall be taken into account.
3
The tests shall only be performed if the conditions in Section 7.4.2.1 of this annex apply.
4
If the prestressing force is determined in accordance with Section 8.9.2 of this annex, only the smallest, medium and large screws need to be
tested in the corresponding medium sized channel. The most unfavorable combination of material and coating for the screw and the
channel shall be tested. See also Section 7.5.2.1 of this annex.
5
The tests shall be carried out as with anchor channels with two anchors. The number of tests can be reduced if the condition in Section
7.6.2.1 of this annex is met.
6
Tests may be omitted if the nominal shear resistance, Vs,l, is taken as Ns,l.
7
Tests not necessary if the nominal strength, Vb, is computed in accordance with Eq. (D-21.a) with αp= 1.05 (αp=2.5) in Eq. (D-22.a)
8
See Section 7.10.2 of this annex.
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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

5.0 Requirements for test specimens, anchor channel installation and testing

5.1 Test Specimens

5.1.1 Sampling of the anchor channels for tests under this criteria shall comply with Sections 3.1, 3.3 and 3.4 of AC85 and
this section.

5.1.2 The ITA or IIA shall visit the manufacturing or distribution facility, shall randomly select anchor channels for testing,
and shall verify that the specimens are representative of the production of the manufacturer as supplied to the marketplace.

5.1.3 To test newly developed anchor channels that are not in production, use samples produced by the expected
production methods. After production has begun, perform identification tests and tests in accordance with Table 4.1, Test Nos.
1, 2, 3 and 8 of this annex to verify that the dimensions and the constituent materials have not changed, and that the
performance of the production of anchor channels is statistically equivalent to that of the anchors originally evaluated. If the
anchor channels shall be recognized to take up seismic shear loads, then Test Nos. 10 and 11 in accordance with Table 4.1 of
this annex shall also be performed with the minimum, medium and largest anchor channels under consideration.

5.1.4 In Table 4.1 of this annex the minimum number of required tests is given to satisfy this criteria. At the discretion of
the ITA or manufacturer, the sample size shall be permitted to be increased.

5.2 Concrete for test members

5.2.1 Concrete used in testing shall comply with the requirements of this section. To assess the performance of an anchor
channel for use in a concrete type outside of the scope of this criteria, additional tests shall be conducted with that concrete.

5.2.2 Concrete mix designs shall follow recommendations for proportioning in the Portland Cement Association’s Design
and Control of Concrete Mixtures, Thirteenth Edition; ACI 211.1; IBC Chapter 19 (ACI 318) or UBC Chapter 19. Proportions
may be varied to meet local requirements and to achieve desired nominal compressive strength during the testing period. The
reason for any variation shall be explained in the test report.

5.2.3 Coarse and fine aggregates in concrete shall comply with ASTM C 33. The aggregate description shall include the
rock and mineral components, shape, hardness, and the maximum size and grading specification. The maximum aggregate
3
size shall be /4 in. or 1 in. (19.1 mm or 25.4 mm).
5.2.4 For general qualification for use of the anchor channels in normal weight concrete, use portland cement conforming
to ASTM C 150. The concrete mixture shall not include materials such as slag, fly ash, silica fume or limestone powder. If a
nonstandard concrete mixture is used for test members, report the concrete mixture components and proportions. In this case,
qualification will be limited to the tested concrete mixture.
5.2.5 Test anchor channels in test members cast of concrete with low strength within the following strength limits; 2,500 to
4,500 psi (17 to 31 MPa).
5.2.6 Test members shall conform to the requirements of Section 5.3 of Annex A.
5.2.7 Test members shall be at least 21 days old at the time of anchor testing.
5.3 Requirements for test members
5.3.1 Test members shall conform to the requirements of ASTM E 488. Where the requirements of ASTM E 488 conflict
with this criteria, the provisions of this criteria shall take precedence.
5.3.2 Casting, curing and strength determination of test members:
5.3.2.1 Cast test member either horizontally or vertically. If the test member is cast vertically, the maximum height of a
concrete lift shall be 5 feet (1.5 m).
5.3.2.2 Sample, mold and field cure compressive strength cylinders in accordance with ASTM C 31. Expose cylinders to the
same environmental conditions as the test member. Remove molds from the cylinders concurrent with removal of forms and
curing membranes from the test member.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

5.3.3 Test member concrete compressive strength at the time of anchor testing shall be determined from compression
tests conducted on concrete cylinders in accordance with ASTM C 39 or cores extracted from the test member in accordance
with ASTM C 42. It shall be permitted to linearly interpolate mean strength values determined at the beginning and end of a
test series or to develop a strength-age relationship for the concrete test member on the basis of compression tests conducted
at uniform intervals throughout the duration of the test program.
5.3.4 Test members for tests in uncracked concrete: Test members shall be unreinforced except as required to permit
efficient handling of the test member or distribution of reaction loads from test equipment. Position such reinforcing so that the
capacity of the tested anchor channel is not affected. This requirement shall be considered to be met for anchor channels
tested in tension if the reinforcing is located outside of a virtual cone projecting from the embedded end of the anchor to the
concrete surface with an internal vertex angle of 120 degrees.
5.3.5 Test members for tests in cracked concrete: Test members shall be designed to produce approximately planar
cracks of uniform width throughout the thickness of the component. The cracks shall be spaced sufficiently to facilitate testing
of individual anchor channels placed in a crack without influence from neighboring cracks. For test members that use internal
reinforcement to control the crack width, the reinforcement shall be placed so, that there is no influence on the performance of
the anchors. See Figure 6.2 of this annex for an example test slab configuration. (For additional guidance on testing in cracked
concrete, see R. Eligehausen, L. Mattis, R. Wollmershauser, M. Hoehler, “Testing Anchors in Cracked Concrete”, Concrete
International, Vol. 26, No. 7, July 2004, pp. 66-71.)
5.3.5.1 The crack width shall be controlled by reinforcing bars oriented perpendicular to the crack plane and distributed
symmetrically over the test member cross section.

5.3.5.2 The reinforcement shall be permitted to cross the potential concrete cone breakout surface associated with the test
anchor channel. The centerline-to-centerline distance between any reinforcement and an anchor shall be 0.4hef minimum.
Greater values for spacing of reinforcement are allowed e.g. in the case of narrow concrete components (e.g. width x depth =
20 inches (508 mm) x 10 inches (254mm)), where it is ensured that planar cracks of uniform width throughout the thickness of
the component are produced and the crack width requirements of this criteria are fulfilled. Furthermore smaller values for
center-to-center distance between reinforcement and an anchor are allowed in case of deep embedments where it is ensured
that the anchorage mechanism is not influenced by the reinforcement. It shall be permitted to debond reinforcing over a length
of 3 inches (76 mm) on either side of the anticipated crack plane location using tape, plastic tubing or a debonding agent.

5.3.5.3 Crack formation and crack opening: An acceptable method is described in Section 5.3.5.4 of this annex. Other
methods shall be permitted subject to the requirements of this criteria.

5.3.5.4 Initiate and control the crack progression with planar sheet metal shapes (crack inducers) placed in the formwork
prior to casting of the test member. Position crack inducers such that the capacity of the tested anchor channel is not affected
by their presence. Extend tension reinforcing as required in Section 5.3.5 of this annex beyond the ends of the test member to
facilitate application of external tension loads directly to the reinforcing. Apply external loading to both ends of the reinforcing
to facilitate development of uniform strain over the length of the reinforcing. See Figure 6.3 of this annex for an example test
setup.

5.3.5.5 The average of the crack widths for each test series, measured by the two crack measurement devices for each
anchor before the load application shall be equal to or greater than the specified crack width for that test series. Individual
crack widths shall be within ±15 percent of the specified crack width for the test series.
5.4 Anchor channel installation
5.4.1 General requirements:

5.4.1.1 Anchor channel installation shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s printed installation instructions, except as
otherwise required in this test criteria. Report any deviations.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

5.4.1.2 Install anchor channels in a formed face of the concrete, or in concrete with a steel-troweled finish.

5.4.1.3 The components of the anchor channel on which the capacity depend shall not be substituted. Screws and washers
not supplied with the channel bolt shall conform to the specifications developed by the anchor channel manufacturer, and
these specifications shall be included in the test report.

5.4.1.4 The anchor channels shall be secured such that they cannot be moved during placing and compacting of the
concrete. The concrete shall be properly compacted in the area of the channels and under the head of the anchors.

5.5 Torque requirements:

In tests with anchor channels embedded in concrete apply the installation torque tinst specified in the manufacturer’s published
installation instructions using a calibrated torque wrench having a measuring error within ±5 percent of the specified torque.
After a minimum of ten minutes after the initial application of tinst, loosen the nut of the channel bolt and re-apply torque to a
level of maximum 0.5tinst.

5.6 Test methods

5.6.1 Test anchor channels in conformance with ASTM E 488 and this criteria. Where differences occur, this criteria shall
take precedence over ASTM E 488.

5.6.2 In Test Nos. 4 and 8 of Table 4.1 of this criteria, concrete failure shall be avoided. This may be achieved by testing
anchor channels with anchors with an increased embedment depth.

5.6.3 In Test Nos. 6, 7, and 9 of Table 4.1 of this criteria, steel failure shall be avoided. This may be achieved by testing
anchor channels with higher strength materials.

5.6.4 The tension tests in accordance with Table 4.1 of this annex, Test Nos. 7 and 10 shall be performed using an
unconfined test set-up. Figure 6.1 of this annex shows an example of an unconfined tension test setup, whereby the supports
are spaced a suitable distance from the anchor to permit the unrestricted development of a conical concrete fracture surface.
In tension Test No. 4 (Table 4.1 of this annex) the distance between the support reaction and any loaded anchor may be
smaller than 2hef to avoid concrete failure.

5.6.5 In Test No. 9 (Table 4.1 of this annex), the clear distance between the support reaction and any loaded anchor shall
be not smaller than 2ca1. In test No. 11 (Table 4.1 of this annex), the distance between the support reaction and any anchor
shall be smaller than 2ca1 to avoid concrete edge failure.

5.6.6 Tests in cracked concrete:

5.6.6.1 Perform tests in concrete test members meeting the requirements of Annex A Section 5.3. Initiate cracking in the test
member so that the axis of the anchor is coincident with the crack plane. Install instrumentation for monitoring crack-opening
width. Monitor crack-opening width using dial gages or electronic transducers located roughly symmetrically on either side of
the anchor on an axis oriented perpendicular to the crack plane to permit interpolation for the crack width at the anchor
location. The distance from any crack-width measurement point to the anchor centerline shall be kept as small as possible but
shall not exceed the greater of 1.0hef or 5 inches (125 mm). Increase the crack width by the specified crack value prior to
applying external loads to the anchor channels. Verify by suitable means that the system used for crack formation and the
associated test procedures produce cracks that remain parallel during the performance of tests. The crack width as measured
at the opposite face of the test member in line with the anchor location (or as estimated based on the crack width
measurement on each side of the test member as close to the opposite face as possible) shall be approximately equal to the
crack width as measured on the anchor side.

5.6.6.2 Subject the anchor to the specified loading sequence while monitoring the crack opening width at the surface.

42
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

5.6.6.3 Continuously record the applied load, corresponding anchor channel displacement and crack width during the test.
Use a sampling frequency appropriate for the load or strain rate employed for the test.

FIGURE 6.1 – EXAMPLE OF AN UNCONFINED TENSION TEST SETUP FOR TESTING ANCHOR CHANNELS

43
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

FIGURE 6.2 – EXAMPLE OF A TEST SPECIMEN FOR TESTS IN CRACKED CONCRETE

FIGURE 6.3 – EXAMPLE OF TEST RIG FOR TESTING IN CRACKED CONCRETE

6.0 Requirements for anchor channel identification

6.1 Basic Requirements:

44
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

The following information shall be provided in the evaluation report:

Product description, including:

a. Generic or trade name;

b. Height, width and length of the anchor channel.

c. Dimensions and spacing of anchors.

d. Method of connecting anchors to channel.

e. Geometry of channel bolt;

f. Constituent materials and appropriate physical properties of anchors, channels and channel bolts, including tensile
strength, hardness and coatings;

g. Protective coating of anchor, channel or channel bolt (if applicable).

6.2 Verification:

6.2.1 The ITA shall check the characteristics (dimensions of all parts (channel, anchors, channel bolts), materials,
thickness of any coating, marking) reported in accordance with Annex A Section 6.1 against the manufacturer’s product
specifications. The results obtained shall be evaluated to make sure that they are within the manufacturer's specifications
observing the tolerances.

7.0 Service Condition tests

7.1 Purpose:

7.1.1 The purpose of the tests is to determine the basic data required to predict the performances of anchor channels
under service conditions in accordance with ACI 318 Appendix D and modifications in Section 3.0 of this annex.

7.2 Required tests:

7.2.1 Required service condition tests are given in Table 4.1 of this annex.

7.3 Tension tests on anchor channels not embedded in concrete (Table 4.1, Test Nos. 1, 2 and 3)

7.3.1 The purpose of these tests is to determine the strength of the connection between anchor and anchor channel (Test
No. 1), the strength of the channel against bending and local rupture of the channel lips and the strength of the head of the
channel bolt.

7.3.2 Required tests: For Test No. 1, all anchor channel sizes with all anchor types specified by the manufacturer and all
materials shall be tested. For Test No. 2, all channel sizes with all materials specified by the manufacturer shall be tested. Use
anchors with the highest strength of anchor and connection between anchor and channel. The largest channel bolt with the
maximum steel strength specified for the tested anchor channel shall be a component of the test specimens to avoid failure of
the screw.

For Test No. 3, channel bolts with the most unfavorable diameter and steel strength for a given channel size shall be
components of the test specimens. If it is not obvious which screw is unfavorable, all screw sizes shall be tested.

7.3.3 Test specimen: Test anchor channels with two anchors with the minimum anchor spacing. The distance from the end
of anchor channel to the tested anchor shall be the minimum value specified by the manufacturer.

7.3.4 Conduct of tests: Tension tests shall be conducted to fail anchor channels not cast into concrete. The test specimen
is loaded by pulling on the anchor and the channel bolt. The failure load and the failure mode shall be recorded.

45
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

7.4 Tension tests in accordance with Table 4.1, Test No. 4

7.4.1 The purpose of this test is to measure the bending strength of the channel taking account of the restraint of the
deformation of the outer ends of the channel by the concrete.

7.4.2 Required tests: The tests shall be performed with all sizes and materials of anchor channels. Anchor channels with
two anchors with a maximum spacing as specified by the manufacturer and with an anchor type that provides the highest
anchor strength shall be tested. Use a channel bolt which provides the highest screw strength for the tested channel size.

7.4.2.1 If the failure load in the bending tests computed in accordance with Equation (7.1) is smaller than the nominal
strength Nsl (Section 8.6 of this annex), then additional tests with s<smax shall be performed. The anchor spacing shall be
chosen such that the failure loads for the failure modes “bending of channel” and “local failure of channel lips” are about equal.

N sflex = α r ⋅ Wpl,nom ⋅ f yc / s min lb (N) (7.1)

where
αr = factor, evaluated in accordance with Section 8.8 of this annex

Wpl,nom = plastic section modulus of channel around y-axis (Fig. 1) of this annex computed with the specified channel
3 3
dimensions, in (mm )
smin = minimum anchor spacing of the anchor channel specified by the manufacturer, in. (mm)

7.4.3 Conduct of tests: The anchor channel shall be loaded by a tension load at the middle between the anchors applied
via the channel bolt. Increase the load until failure. Record the applied load, the corresponding displacement of the anchor
channel at the location of the load and the failure mode.

7.5 Torque tests (Table 4.1, Test No. 5)

7.5.1 Purpose: These tests shall be used to establish the maximum level of torque that can be applied to the channel bolt
without inducing tension yield.

7.5.2 Required tests: Perform torque tests with channel bolts of all sizes, materials and coatings in channels of all sizes
and materials specified for the tested specified screw.

7.5.2.1 Exception: If the results of torque tests with the most unfavorable combination material and coating are accepted for
all variants only the most unfavorable variant needs to be tested. If the prestressing force is determined in accordance with
Section 8.9.4 of this annex, only the smallest, medium and largest diameters of channel bolts need to be tested on with the
medium size of the range specified for the anchor channels by the manufacturer. The most unfavorable combination of
material and coating yielding the highest prestressing forces, shall be tested.

7.5.3 General test condition: The torque tests shall be carried out on anchor channels not cast into concrete. Double-side
abrasive paper of sufficient roughness shall be placed between washer and fixture to prevent rotation of the washer relative to
the test fixture during the application of torque. Other methods of preventing rotation of the washer shall be permitted provided
it can be shown that they do not affect the test result. The diameter of the hole in the fixture shall be about 10 percent larger
than the diameter of the shaft of the channel bolt. A test set-up similar to the one shown in AC 308, Figure 8.2 shall be used.

7.5.3.1 Apply increasing torque and record the torque and corresponding induced tension in the channel bolt.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

7.6 Torque tests on anchor channels embedded in concrete (Table 4.1, Test No. 6)

7.6.1 Purpose: The tests shall be used to establish the minimum edge distance and minimum anchor spacing to avoid
splitting failure during installation.

7.6.2 Required tests: Tests shall be performed with each channel size. The most unfavorable combination of material, kind
of manufacturing, coating, and diameter of channel bolt shall be tested that result in the highest prestressing force. If for one
channel size different anchors are specified, the anchor with the smallest head shall be used to generate high splitting forces.
If the minimum specified distances are independent of the channel bolt size, only tests with the channel bolt with the largest
diameter are required. If the minimum specified distances depend on the channel bolt size additional tests with screws with a
smaller diameter are required.

7.6.2.1 Exception: The number of channel sizes to be tested can be reduced if the results can be approximated by a general
model for splitting.

7.6.3 General test conditions: Anchor channels with two anchors at minimum spacing specified by the manufacturer shall
be cast into concrete members with the minimum specified member depth at the minimum edge distance specified by the
manufacturer. The anchor channel shall be installed surface flash at the top face of the concrete member during concreting
and parallel to the edge of the concrete member. The distance between the outer anchors of two anchor channels in the
direction of the longitudinal channel axis shall be minimum 3hef. A fixture with the following dimensions shall be used:
width = bch + 3df, length = smin + 3df, thickness = df with df = diameter of the hole in the fixture ~ 1.1ds.

To ensure introduction of a tension load into the anchor during torqueing, the fixture shall be placed on two steel strips (width
= df, length = s + 3df, thickness = 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) located on each side of the anchor channel (see Figure 7.1).

The anchor channel is loaded by the application of a torque to two channel bolts located directly above the anchors.

7.6.3.1 Apply a torque alternately to the two channel bolts in steps of 0.2Tinst until the torque cannot be increased further.
After each step of applied torque check the concrete member for cracks. Record the number of revolution per step of applied
torque, the torque at which a hairline crack (crack with a width < 0.1 mm (0.004 in.) is observed at least at one anchor and the
maximum torque that can be applied to both channel bolts.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

ca,min

s,min

h,min
edge of concrete
member

FIGURE 7.1 -- TEST SETUP FOR TESTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH TABLE 4.1, TEST NO. 7

7.7 Tension tests on anchor channels embedded in concrete in accordance with Table 4.1, Test No. 7

7.7.1 Purpose: The tests shall be used to evaluate the critical spacing, cac, to avoid concrete splitting failure under load.

7.7.2 Required tests: The tests shall be performed with each channel size. If for a channel size different anchor types are
specified, the tests shall be performed with the anchor with the smallest head so that the highest splitting forces are generated.

7.7.3 General test conditions: The tests are performed on anchor channels with two anchors positioned at the maximum
anchor spacing specified by the manufacturer arranged at a corner and parallel to the edge of a concrete member with the
smallest member depth specified by the manufacturer such that the distance of one anchor to both edges is equal. The anchor
at the corner is loaded by a tension load using an unconfined test setup. The support reactions shall be applied as described
in AC 193, Section 9.2.

7.7.3.1 Increase the load until failure. Record the applied load, the corresponding displacement of the anchor channel at the
location of the loaded anchor and the failure mode.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

7.8 Shear tests on anchor channels embedded in concrete (Table 4.1, Test No. 8)

7.8.1 Purpose: These tests shall be used to determine the nominal strength of the anchor channel in case of the bending
and local facture of the channel lips.

7.8.2 Required tests: All channel sizes and steel types specified by the manufacturer shall be tested using a) anchors with
the maximum steel strength and connection strength between anchor and channel; and b) largest channel bolts with the
maximum steel strength specified for the tested anchor channel to avoid failure of the screw.

7.8.2.1 Exception: The tests can be omitted if the nominal shear strength, Vsl, is taken as Nsl

7.8.3 General test conditions: the tests shall be performed with anchor channels with two anchors with the maximum
anchor spacing specified by the manufacturer cast into concrete. A teflon layer shall be placed below the fixture. The channel
bolt shall be inserted in the channel midway between the anchors and shall be prestressed with the tinst in accordance with
Section 5.5.

7.8.3.1 Apply a shear load to the channel bolt until failure. Record the applied shear load, the corresponding displacement of
the anchor channel at the point of load application and the failure mode.

7.9 Shear tests on anchor channels located at the edge of a concrete member (Table 4.1, test No. 9)

7.9.1 Purpose: These tests are used to determine the profile factor αp in Eq. (D.22.a)

7.9.2 Required tests: The tests shall be performed with the smallest anchor channel of a group of anchor channels for
which the profile factor αp shall apply. If several types of anchors are specified for a given channel size, anchor channels with
anchors that provide the least shear resistance shall be tested. If this anchor cannot be established test anchor channels with
all anchor types. Use anchor channels with the lowest specified steel strength.

7.9.2.1 Exception: in lieu of testing a factor αp = 1.05 (αp = 2.5) shall be the default value for all channel sizes.

7.9.3 General test conditions: Cast anchor channels with two anchors parallel to the edge of a concrete member. The
spacing of the anchors shall correspond to the maximum value and the distance between the end of the channel and the
anchor axis to the minimum value specified by the manufacturer for the tested channel size. The member thickness shall be
large enough to avoid an influence of the failure load. (h > hcr,v). The edge distance shall be such that concrete edge failure
can be expected, but shall be no smaller than the minimum edge distance specified by the manufacturer for the tested channel
size. Place a Teflon sheet below the fixture. Apply shear load to two channel bolts installed directly over the anchors
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anchor channel. Make sure that shear loads applied to the two channel bolts are
equal.

7.9.3.1 Increase the shear load until failure. Record the applied shear load, the displacement of the anchor channel at the
locations of applied shear load, any cracks in the concrete and the failure mode.

7.10 Simulated seismic tension tests (Table 4.1, Test No. 10)

7.10.1 Purpose: These optional tests are intended to evaluate the performance of anchor channels in seismic tension,
including the effects of cracks, and without edge effects.

7.10.2 Required tests: Test all channel sizes made from all steel types specified by the manufacturer. If different anchor
types are specified for a channel size, test the anchor for which the lowest seismic tension strength can be expected. If this
anchor type cannot be established test all anchor types. Use channel bolts with a static strength approximately equal to the
static strength of the anchor channel.

7.10.3 General test conditions: Perform the tests on anchor channels with two anchors embedded in concrete perpendicular
to the direction of the reinforcement of the test member. The spacing of the anchors shall correspond to the maximum value
49
PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

and the distance between the end of the channel and the anchor axis to the minimum value specified by the manufacturer for
the tested channel size. The edge distance shall be large enough to avoid an edge influenced failure. Insert a channel bolt
over one anchor and prestress it in accordance with Section 5.5 of this annex. Open the crack by w = 0.020 in (0.5 mm). Verify
that the tested anchor is located in the crack. Apply a tension load via the channel bolt to the anchor channel.

7.10.3.1 Subject the anchor channel to the sinusoidal tension loads specified in Table 7.1 and Figure 7.2 of this annex with a
cycling frequency between 0.1 and 2 Hz, whereby Neq is given by Eq. (7.2) Nm is given by Eq. (7.4) and Ni is given by Eq.
(7.5).

Neq = 0.5No,I, lbf (N) Eq. (7.2)

where:

No,I = minimum value of the mean tension capacities of the tests in accordance with Table 4.1, Test No.1, No.2 and No.3
adjusted to the steel strength of the tested anchor channel (as set forth in Section 8 of Annex A) and the mean
concrete cone capacity, Ncb,m, computed in accordance with Eq. (7.3), lb (N).

Eq. (7.3)
Ncb,m = 30.0 ⋅ fc ⋅ h1ef.5 , lb

Ncb,m = 12.5 ⋅ fc ⋅ h1ef.5 , N Eq. (7.3)

fc = concrete compression strength at time of testing, psi (MPa)

N eq
Nm = , lbf (N) Eq. (7.4)
2

N eq + Nm
Ni = , lbf (N) Eq. (7.5)
2

7.10.3.2 Record the crack width, anchor displacement and applied tension load.

7.10.3.3 Following completion of the simulated seismic-tension cycles, open the crack to a width not less than the crack
opening width as measured at the end of the cyclic test and load the anchor in tension to failure. Record the maximum tension
load (residual tension capacity), the corresponding displacement, and plot the load-displacement response.

TABLE 7.1 -- REQUIRED LOADING HISTORY FOR SIMULATED SEISMIC TENSION TESTS
Load level Neq Ni Nm
Number of cycles 10 30 100

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

FIGURE 7.2 -- REQUIRED LOAD HISTORY FOR SIMULATED SEISMIC TENSION TEST

7.11 Simulated seismic tension tests (Table 4.1, Test No. 11)

7.11.1 Purpose: These optional tests are intended to evaluate the performance of anchors in seismic shear loads, including
the effects of concrete cracking, without influence of concrete edges.

7.11.2 Required tests: Test all channel sizes made from all steel types specified by the manufacturer. If different anchor
types are specified for a channel size, test the anchor for which the lowest seismic shear strength can be expected. If this
anchor type cannot be established test all anchor types. Use channel bolts with a static strength approximately equal to the
static strength of the anchor channel.

7.11.3 General test conditions: Perform the tests on anchor channels with two anchors embedded in concrete parallel to the
direction of the reinforcement of the test member. The spacing of the anchors shall correspond to the maximum value and the
distance between the end of the channel and the anchor axis to the minimum value specified by the manufacturer for the
tested channel size. The edge distance shall be large enough to avoid an edge influenced failure. Insert a channel bolt over
one anchor and prestress it in accordance with Section 5.5 of this annex. Open the crack by w = 0.020 in (0.5 mm). Verify that
the tested anchor is located in the crack. Apply a shear load via the channel bolt to the anchor channel parallel to the direction
of the crack.

7.11.3.1 Subject the anchor channel to the sinusoidal shear loads specified in and Table 7.2 and Figure 7.3 of this annex,
whereby Veq is given by Eq. (7.6) Vm is given by Eq. (7.9) and Vi is given by Eq. (7.10).

Veq = 0.5·Vs, lbf (N) (7.5)

where:

Vs = minimum value of the mean failure load Vsl in accordance with Eq. 7.7 and Vss in accordance with Eq. (7.8), lbf (N)

fut,test t test
Vo,l = Vo,l8,i · ⋅ , lbf (N) Eq. (7.7)
fut,i ti

Vsl,8 = mean failure load of reference tests in accordance with Table 4.1, test No.8, lbf (N).

fut,test = steel strength of the anchor channel used in simulated seismic shear tests, psi (MPa).

fut,i = steel strength of the anchor channel used in reference tests, psi (MPa).

ttest = thickness of channel lips of anchor channel seismic test specimen, in. (mm).

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

t8 = thickness of channel lips of anchor channel reference test specimen (Table 4.1, Test No. 8), in. (mm).

Vss = 0.7·Ase,V·fut,i,test, lbf (N) Eq. (7.8)

where:
2 2
Ase,V = effective cross-sectional area of the channel bolt in shear, in (mm )

fut,i,test = steel strength of channel bolt used in the simulated seismic shear tests, psi (MPa).

Veq
Vm = , lbf Eq. (7.9)
2

Veq + Vm
Vi = , (N) Eq. (7.10)
2

7.11.3.2 If service condition shear tests (Table 4.1, Test No. 8) have not been performed, it shall be permitted to insert in Eq.
(7.7) the mean failure load, the channel steel strength and the thickness of the channel lips of Test No. 2, Table 4.1 as Vsl,8,
fut,8 and t8, respectively.

7.11.3.3 The frequency of loading shall be between 0.1 and 2 Hz. To reduce the potential for uncontrolled slip during load
reversal, the alternating shear loading shall be permitted to be approximated by the application of two half-sinusoidal load
cycles at the desired frequency connected by a reduced-speed, ramped load as shown in Figure 7.4 of this annex.

7.11.3.4 Record the crack width, anchor displacement and applied shear load. Plot the load-displacement history in the form
of hysteresis loops.

7.11.3.5 Following completion of the simulated seismic-shear cycles, open the crack to a width not less than the crack opening
width as measured at the end of the cyclic shear test and load the anchor channel in shear to failure. Record the maximum
shear load (residual shear capacity), the corresponding displacement, and plot the load-displacement response.

TABLE 7.2 -- REQUIRED LOADING HISTORY FOR SIMULATED SEISMIC SHEAR TEST
Load level ±Veq ±Vi ±Vm
Number of cycles 10 30 100

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

FIGURE 7.3 -- REQUIRED LOAD HISTORY FOR SIMULATED SEISMIC SHEAR TEST

FIGURE 7.4 -- PERMITTED APPROXIMATION OF SEISMIC SHEAR CYCLE

8.0 Assessment

8.1 Normalization of anchor capacities for measured concrete and steel strengths

8.1.1 When reporting results and data and comparing anchor capacities of tests that require normalization to a specific or a
common strength, the type of failure shall be taken into account.

8.1.2 Concrete breakout, splitting and pull-out failure:

Normalize test results for the influence of concrete compressive strength in accordance with Eq. 8.1.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

0,5
⎛ f ⎞
Ftest,x,fc = Ftest,x ⋅ ⎜⎜ c ⎟
⎟ , lbf (N) Eq. (8.1)
⎝ fc,test,x ⎠

where:

Ftest,x,fc = test result normalized to considered concrete strength fc , lbf (N)

fc = Concrete compressive strength corresponding to concrete to which the test result is to

be normalized, psi (MPa).

fc,test,x = concrete compressive strength corresponding to concrete used

for Test series No. x, psi (MPa)

Ftest, x = Failure load from Test Series No. x, lbf (N)

8.1.3 Failure of anchor or channel bolt

Where failure is characterized by steel rupture, normalize the capacity for the nominal material strength using Eq. 8.2. For
steels conforming to a standard, the characteristic tensile strength shall be taken as the minimum specified ultimate tensile
strength fut.

⎛ f ⎞
Ftest,x,fut = Ftest,x ⋅ ⎜⎜ ut ⎟ , lbf (N)
⎟ Eq. (8.2)
⎝ fut,test,x ⎠

where:

Ftest,x,fut = normalized failure load, lbf (N)

Ftest,x = failure load from test series x, lb (N)

fut = steel tensile strength to which the test result is to be normalized, psi (MPa).

fut,test,x = steel tensile strength corresponding to anchors used for test series x, psi (MPa)

8.1.4 Failure of connection between anchor and channel and local failure of channel lips
Normalize the measured failure loads in accordance with Eq (8.3). For steels conforming to a standard specification, the
characteristic tensile strength shall be taken as the minimum specified ultimate tensile strength fut.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

fut t nom
Ftest,x,u = Ftest,x ⋅ ⋅ lbf [N] Eq. (8.3)
fut,test t test

Ftest,x,u = failure load normalized to channel steel strength fut and thickness tnom of channel lips, lbf
[N]

Ftest,x = failure load in test series x, lbf [N]

fut = nominal tensile strength of the anchor channel [N/mm²]

fut,test = strength of the anchor channel in series x [N/mm²]

tnom = nominal thickness of the channel lips , inch [mm]

ttest = thickness of the channel lips in test series x , inch [mm]

Eq. (8.3) is valid for the results of tension and shear tests.

8.1.5 Bending failure of anchor channel

Normalize the measured failure loads in accordance with Equation (8.4). For steels conforming to a standard specification,
the characteristic tensile strength shall be taken as the minimum specified ultimate tensile strength fut.

Wpl,nom f y,nom
Ftest,4,n = Ftest ⋅ ⋅ , lbf [N] (8.4)
Wpl,test,4 f y,test,4

where:

Ftest,4,n = normalized failure load of Test No. 4, Table 4.1, lbf [N]

Ftest,4 = failure load measured in Test series 4, Table 4.1, lbf [N]

Wpl,nom = Plastic section modulus of the about the principal y-axis (see Fig 1.1) channel computed
3
with the specified channel dimensions, in [mm³]

Wpl,test,4 = Plastic section modulus of the channel principal y-axis computed with the actual channel
3
dimensions in Test No. 4, Table 4.1, in [mm³]

fy,nom = nominal yield strength of channel ,psi [MPa]

fy,test,4 = yield strength of channel in Test No. 4, Table 4.1 ,psi [MPa]

8.2 Establishing characteristic failure loads

The characteristic failure load shall be evaluated from the mean failure load and the associated coefficient of variation v using
Eq. (8.5).

Fk = Ftest,x·(1-K·vtest,x). lbf (N) Eq. (8.5)

where:

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Fk = characteristic failure load (5 percent fractile), lbf (N)

Ftest,x = mean failure load of test series x, lbf (N)

K = tolerance factor corresponding to a 5 percent probability of non-exceedence with a

confidence of 90 percent , derived from a Gaussian distribution for which the population
standard deviation is unknown. Values for specific sample sizes n are provided in Table
8.1 of this annex

vtest,x = coefficient of variation of the population sample corresponding to test series x.

TABLE 8.1 -- TOLERANCE FACTORS FOR A 5 percent PROBABILITY OF

NON-EXCEEDENCE WITH A CONFIDENCE OF 90 PERCENT

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

8.3 Requirements on coefficient of variation in tension and shear tests

8.3.1 The coefficient of variation of the failure loads shall not exceed 20 percent.

8.3.2 For cases where the coefficient of variation of the ultimate loads in a test series exceeds 15 percent, the
corresponding characteristic failure load computed in accordance with Eq. (8.5) shall be multiplied with the reduction factor
αCOV in accordance with Eq. (8.6)

1
α COV = ≤ 1 .0 Eq. (8.6)
1 + 0.03 ⋅ ( v test,x − COV )

where:
vtest,x = sample coefficient of variation for test series x equal to the mean divided by the sample
standard deviation, percent
COV = threshold coefficient of variation of anchor channels
= 15 percent
8.4 Load-displacement behavior

8.4.1 Overall load-displacement behavior

To be acceptable, the tensile load-displacement behavior of anchor channels shall be predictable, except as noted in 8.4.2.
Figure 8.1 of this annex provides examples of acceptable and unacceptable load-displacement curves for anchor channels.
For each anchor channel tested, a load plateau with a corresponding slip greater than 5 percent of the displacement at
ultimate load, or a temporary drop in load, is not acceptable at load levels less than N1. For tests in uncracked concrete, N1 is
taken as the smaller of 0.8Nu and Asefy. For tests in cracked concrete, N1 is taken as the smaller of 0.7Nu and Asefy.

FIGURE 8.1 -- REQUIREMENT FOR LOAD-DISPLACEMENTS CURVES

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

8.4.2 Within a test series, if not more than one test shows a load-displacement curve not complying with 8.4.1 of this
annex, the anchor channel shall be considered acceptable provided that two conditions are met:

1. There is no drop in load; and

2. The deviation is justified as being uncharacteristic of the anchor channel behavior and is due, for example, to a defect in
the test procedure or the base material. Such defects shall be described in detail in the evaluation report, and the results of
an additional 10 tension tests shall display load-displacement curves meeting the requirements of 8.4.1 of this annex.

8.4.3 Load-displacement behavior at service load

For each test in Test Series No. 7, Table 4.1 (combination of channel size and corresponding anchor), determine the mean
anchor stiffness value β from Eq. (8.7) and coefficient of variation ν in the service-load range, and report these values in the
test protocol.

0.3 Nu − 0.1Nu
β= lb/in. (N/mm) Eq. (8.7)
Δ 0.3 − Δ 0.1

where

Nu = mean failure load of Test No. 7, Table 4.1, lb (N)

Δ 0.3 = mean displacement at a load N = 0.3 Nu, in. (mm)

Δ 0. 1 = mean displacement at a load N = 0.1 Nu, in. (mm)

8.5 Assessment of the strength of the connection between anchor and channel (Test No. 1 in accordance with
Table 4.1)

The 5 percent-fractile of the measured failure loads shall be normalized in accordance with Eq. (8.3) and denoted as Nsc,
which shall be reported in Section 9.5 of this annex.

8.6 Assessment of the strength of the anchor channel against bending of the channel lips (Test No. 2 in
accordance with Table 4.1)

The 5 percent-fractile of the measured failure loads shall be normalized in accordance with Eq. (8.3) and denoted as Nsl.,
which shall be reported in Section 9.5 of this annex.

8.7 Assessment of the strength of the head of the channel bolt (Test No. 3 in accordance with Table 4.1)

The lesser of the 5 percent-fractile of the measured failure loads as normalized by Eq. (8.3) and the value computed in
accordance with ACI 318, Section D.5.1 shall be denoted as Nss, which shall be reported in Section 9.5 of this annex.

8.8 Assessment of the strength of the anchor channel against bending (Test No. 4 in accordance with Table 4.1)

From the 5 percent-fractile of the failure loads as normalized by Eq. (8.4), the value αr shall be computed in accordance with
Eq. (8.8).

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

N5%,test ⋅ s
αr = Eq. (8.8)
Wpl,nom f yc,nom

where:

N5%,test = 5 percent-fractile of the measured ultimate loads, lbf [N]

Wpl,nom = plastic section modulus of the channel taking account of the actual dimensions around
the y-axis as shown in Figure 1 [mm³]

s = spacing of the anchors , inch [mm]

fyc,nom = nominal yield strength of the channel, psi [MPa]

The value of αr shall satisfy the following limitations: 4.0 ≤ αr ≤ 8.0.. The reference bending moment Ms,flex shall be computed in
accordance with Eq. (8.9) and reported in Section 9.5.

αr
M s,flex = ⋅ Mpl ⋅ Wpl,nom ⋅ f yc ,nom , in-lb (N-mm) Eq. (8.9)
4

where:

αr = value in accordance with Eq. (8.8)

Wpl,nom = see Eq. (8.8)
fyc.nom = see Eq. (8.8)

8.9 Assessment of the maximum installation torque (Test No. 5 in accordance with Table 4.1)

8.9.1 The 95 percent-fractile of the prestressing force at a certain torque moment, N95%, shall be evaluated from the mean
measured prestressing force and the associated coefficient of variation using Eq.

N95% = Nm (1 + K ⋅ v test ) lb (N) (8.10)

where
Nm = mean measured prestressing force, lb (N)
K = factor in accordance with Table 8.1 of this annex
vtest = coefficient of variation of the measured prestressing forces

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

8.9.2 The 95%-fractile of the prestressing force at T= 1.0·Tinst shall not exceed the pullout strength, Np, computed in
accordance with ACI 318, Eq. (D-15), the strength of the anchor, Nsa, in accordance with ACI 318 D.5.1, the strength of the
connection between anchor and channel, Nsc, in accordance with Section 8.5 of this annex, or the strength of the channel lips
against bending failure, Nsl, in accordance with Section 8.6 of this annex.
8.9.3 The 95%-fractile of the prestressing force at T = 1.3·TInst shall not exceed the value Nss in accordance with Section
8.7 of this annex multiplied by the ratio fys / futs,

where:
fys = nominal yield strength (nominal ultimate strength) of channel bolt, psi (MPa)
futs = nominal ultimate tensile strength of channel bolt, psi (MPa)

8.9.4 It shall be permitted to calculate the prestressing force to be used in Section 8.92 and 8.93 of this annex in
accordance with Eq. (8.11).

α ⋅ Tinst
N95% = lb (N) Eq. (8.11)
k ⋅ ds

where:
α = 1.0 verification in accordance with Section 8.92 of this annex
= 1.3 verification in accordance with Section 8.93 of this annex
k = friction factor, to be taken as a lower bound value. For channel bolts without lubricants or
friction-reducing coatings, k = 0.2 may be assumed, if the tests in accordance with
Section 7.5.2.1 of this annex, yield a value k ≥ 0.2. If these tests yield a value k < 0.2,
this value shall be inserted in Eq. (8.11)
ds = shaft diameter of channel bolt, in. (mm)
8.9.5 If the requirements in Section 8.9.2 and 8.9.3 of this annex are not fulfilled, then the installation torque shall be
reduced until the requirements are fulfilled. The maximum installation torque shall be reported in the Section 9.3 of this annex.

8.10 Assessment of the minimum edge distance and minimum spacing (splitting failure due to installation) (Test
No. 6 in accordance with Table 4.1)

The minimum spacing smin and minimum edge distance ca,min shall be evaluated from the results of tests on anchor channels
with two anchors in accordance with Section 7.6 of this annex and reported in Section 9.4 of this annex. The 5 percent-fractile
of the torque moments T5% at which a hairline crack has been observed at one anchor of the anchor channel shall fulfill Eq.
(8.12).

1/2
T5 percent ≥ γinst·Tinst,req.·(f’c,test/f’c ), lbf-in (N-m) Eq. (8.12)

where:

γinst = 1.3 anchorages in cracked concrete

= 1.7 anchorages in non-cracked concrete

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

8.11 Assessment of the splitting failure under load (Test No. 7 in accordance with Table 4.1)
The results of tests in accordance with Section 7.7 of this annex, shall be used to evaluate the critical edge distance to control

concrete splitting cac, which shall be reported in Section 9.4 of this annex. The average failure load in the tests with anchor
channels at the corner shall be statistically equivalent to the average failure load of an anchor channel without edge and
spacing effects for the same concrete strength computed in accordance with Eq. (7.3). If this condition is not fulfilled, the tests
shall be repeated with a larger edge distance.

8.12 Assessment of the steel strength under shear load (Test No. 8 in accordance with Table 4.1)

The 5 percent-fractile of the measured failure loads as normalized by Eq. (8.3) shall denoted as Vsl, which shall be reported in
Section 9.5.

8.13 Assessment of the concrete-breakout strength under shear load (Test No. 9 in accordance with Table 4.1)
The results of the Test No. 9 shall determine the profile factor αp to be used in Eq. (D-22.a), which shall be reported in Section
9.4 of this criteria.

The factor αp shall be computed in accordance with Eq. (8.13).

V5%
αp = Eq. (8.13)
c 1a,5 ⋅ fc,test

where:

V5% = 5 percent fractile of the measured failure loads normalized according to Eq. 8.3 lb (N)

ca = edge distance, inch [mm]

fc,test = concrete compressive strength, psi [MPa]

8.14 Assessment of performance under seismic tension (Test No. 10 in accordance with Table 4.1)

8.14.1 All anchor channels in a test series shall complete the simulated seismic-tension load history specified in Table 7.1
and Figure 7.2 of this annex. Failure of an anchor channel to develop the required tension resistance in any cycle before
completing the loading history specified in Table 7.1 and Figure 7.2 of this annex shall be recorded as an unsuccessful test.
The mean residual capacity of the anchor channels in the test series shall be at least 160 percent of Neq as given by Equation
(7.2).

8.14.2 Successful completion of the cyclic loading history and fulfilment of the residual tension capacity requirement of this
Section shall be reported together with an anchor channel capacity in cracked concrete.

8.14.3 If the anchor channel fails to fulfil the above requirements at Neq, it shall be permitted to conduct the test with reduced
cyclic tension loads conforming to the loading history specified in Table 7.1 and Figure 7.2 of this annex whereby Neq,reduced,
Ni,reduced and Nm,reduced are substituted for Neq, Ni and Nm, respectively. All anchor channels in a test series shall complete the
simulated seismic-tension load history. Failure of an anchor channel to develop the required tension resistance in any cycle
prior to completing the loading history given Table 7.1 and Figure 7.2 of this annex shall be recorded as an unsuccessful test.
The mean residual capacity of the anchor channels in the tension test series shall be at least 160 percent of the reduced peak
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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

load Neq,reduced. Successful completion of the reduced cyclic loading history and fulfillment of the residual tension capacity
requirement of this section shall be recorded together with the reduction factor αN,seis as given by Eq. (8.14).

N eq,reduced
α N,seis = Eq. (8.14)
N eq

The reduction factor αN,seis shall be used to determine Nsa,seis, Nsl,seis, Nsc,seis, Nss,seis, and Msflex,seis from the values Nsa, Nsl, Nsc,
Nss and Ms,flex.

8.15 Assessment of performance under seismic shear (Test No. 11 in accordance with Table 4.1)

8.15.1 All anchor channels in a test series shall complete the simulated seismic-shear load history specified in Table 7.2
and Figure 7.3 of this annex. Failure of an anchor channel to develop the required shear resistance in any cycle before
completing the loading history specified in Table 7.2 and Figure 7.3 of this annex shall be recorded as an unsuccessful test.
The mean residual capacity of the anchor channels in the test series shall be at least160 percent of Veq as given by Eq. (7.6).

8.15.2 Successful completion of the cyclic loading history and fulfilment of the residual shear capacity requirement of this
Section shall be reported.

8.15.3 If the anchor channel fails to fulfill the above requirements at Veq, it shall be permitted to conduct the test with
reduced cyclic loads conforming to the loading history specified in Table 7.2 and Figure 7.3 of this annex whereby Veq,Reduced,
Vi,Reduced and Vm,reduced are substituted for Veq, Vi and Vm, respectively. All anchor channels in a test series shall complete the
simulated seismic-shear load history. Failure of an anchor channel to develop the required shear resistance in any cycle prior
to completing the loading history given in Table 7.2 and Figure 7.3 of this annex shall be recorded as an unsuccessful test.
The mean residual capacity of the anchor channels in the shear test series shall be at least 160 percent of the reduced peak
load Veq,reduced. Successful completion of the reduced cyclic loading history and fulfillment of the residual shear capacity
requirement of this section shall be recorded together with a reduction factor αv,seis given by Eq. (8.15).

Veq,reduced
α V,seis = Eq. (8.15)
Veq

8.15.4

The reduction factor αV,seis shall be used to determine Vsa,seis,Vsl,seis and Vss,seis from the values Vsa, Vsl and Vss.

9.0 Data presentation

9.1 General

This information shall be held in strictest confidence by ICC-ES.

9.2 The following information shall be submitted:

9.2.1 Product description:

9.2.1.1 Generic or trade name.

9.2.1.2 Manufacturer’s catalog number.

9.2.1.3 Profile sizes.

9.2.1.4 Dimensions of the channel and anchors

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

9.2.1.5 Method of connecting anchor to channel

9.2.1.6 Geometry of channel bolts

9.1.1.7 Permitted manufacturing tolerances.

9.2.2 Constituent materials and appropriate physical properties of anchors, channels and channel bolts before and after
manufacture. If the anchor channel consists of component parts involving different materials, differences shall be noted.
9.2.3 Protective coating of anchor channel or channel bolt (if applicable).

9.2.4 Appropriate standard specifications for the anchor channel constituent materials: Reports of physical properties for
materials used in test specimens shall be submitted. The reports shall be generated by a mill or testing laboratory. Where
actual material strength exceeds the specified minimum strength, test results shall be adjusted to the specified minimum
strength of the anchor material. Where no physical property specification exists, acceptable properties for quality control
purposes shall be established by physical property tests.

9.2.5 Installation instructions: manufacturer’s published installation instructions, as well as published instructions for
application and design shall be submitted.

9.2.5.1 At least the following information shall be given in the installation instructions

a) Dimensions and materials of channels and channel bolts

b) Matching channel bolts for each channel size and channel material
c) Information concerning the placement procedure to the formwork, preferably using pictograms

9.2.5.2 The installation instructions may be stated on packaging and/or on an accompanying note.

9.2.6 Packaging and identification: Information on anchor channel packaging and identification shall be determined and
reported in accordance with Section 6.0 of this annex. The methods of packaging shall be described.

9.2.6.1The anchor channel shall be marked as follows:

a) Manufacturer’s name or insignia

b) Trade name of anchor channel. The trade name shall denote, as a minimum, the outer dimensions of the channel.
c) Material of the anchor channel. This may be accomplished by an additional marking of anchor channels produced
from stainless steel to distinguish them from anchor channels manufactured from carbon steel.

9.2.6.2 The marking shall be visible after installation of the anchor channel. It may appear also on the packaging unit.

9.2.6.3 If anchor channels with more than one anchor type with different values Nsa or Nsc, or for more than one anchorage
depth, or for different anchor spacings are used with the same channel size, the anchor type, anchorage depth and anchor
spacing shall be identifiable after installation. This may be accomplished by an additional marking on the channel.

9.2.6.4 The evaluation report number (ESR-XXXX) and name of the IIA shall appear on the packaging units.

9.2.6 Field preparation: Information concerning methods of preparing anchor channels and concrete for installation shall be
described.
9.3 Data analysis:
Perform analysis in accordance with Section 8.0 of this annex to assess the results of testing of the subject anchor channel for
conformance with this criteria.

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

9.4 Test reports:

9.4.1 Test reports shall comply with the ICC-ES Acceptance Criteria for Test reports (AC85).

9.4.2 Test reports shall include information described in Section 13 of ASTM E 488.

9.4.3 Test reports shall also include the following:

9.4.3.1 Mode of failure for each test (e.g., steel rupture of anchor, channel, or channel bolt; rupture of connection between
anchor and channel; concrete splitting; concrete cone failure).

9.4.3.2 Photographs of test equipment and typical anchor channel failure modes.

9.4.3.3 Report approval by a registered design professional.

9.4.3.4 Verification that test specimen sampling complies with Section 5.1 of this annex.

9.4.3.5 Manufacturer’s published installation instructions.

9.5 Evaluation report:

9.5.1 The evaluation report shall include sufficient information for complete product identification, manufacturer’s printed
installation instructions, and design data as follows:

9.5.1.1 The information required in Section 9.1 of this annex.

9.5.1.2 Anchor channel data used for design in the format shown in Table 9.1 and Table 9.2 of this annex, along with other
observations as appropriate.

9.5.1.3 Design requirements in accordance with this criteria.

9.5.1.4 Special inspection requirements in accordance with Section 10.3 of this annex.

9.5.2 Fatigue and shock loading: Since an ICC-ES acceptance criteria for evaluating data to determine the performance
of anchor channnels subjected to fatigue or shock loading is unavailable at this time, the use of the subject anchor channels to
resist load combinations that include fatigue or shock loading is beyond the scope of this report.

9.5.3 Fire resistive construction: Anchor channels are not permitted to support fire-resistive construction. Where not
otherwise prohibited by the code, anchor channels are permitted for installation in fire-resistive construction provided that at
least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:

- Anchor channels are used to resist wind or seismic forces only, or

- Anchor channels that support gravity load bearing structural elements are within a fire resistive envelope or a
fire-resistive membrane, are protected by approved fire resistive materials, or have been evaluated for
resistance to fire exposure in accordance with recognized standards,

9.5.4 Earthquake resistance:

9.5.4.1 (This version applies where the seismic resistance has not been verified in accordance with this critieria.) Load
combinations including earthquake loads are not permitted.

9.5.4.2 (This version applies where seismic resistance has been verified in accordance with this criteria.) Load
combinations including earthquake loads are permitted.

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TEST PROGRAM FOR EVALUATING ANCHOR CHANNELS FOR USE IN UNCRACKED AND CRACKED CONCRETE
Manufacturer Anchor channel designation1 Criteria Symbol Units Anchor channel sizes

Channel Channel height hch in.

Channel width bch in.
Moment of inertia Iy in.4
Minimum specified yield tensile strength fy psi
Minimum specified ultimate tensile strength fut,s psi
Steel elongation at break - %
Steel cross-section reduction at break - %
Strength for local bending of channel lips Nsl lbf
nominal bending strength Msflex in-lb
Strength reduction factor for steel failure of φ -
channel under tension and shear loading and
bending3
Anchor Anchor spacing s in.
Effective anchor tension area Ase,N in.2
Area of anchor head Abrg in.2
Minimum specified yield tensile strength fy,a psi
Minimum specified ultimate tensile strength fut,a psi
Steel elongation at break - %
Steel cross-section reduction at break - %
Nominal steel strength of a single anchor in Nsa lbf
tension
Corresponding strength reduction factor3 φ -
Strength of connection channel/anchor Nsc lbf
Corresponding strength reduction factor3 φ -
Nominal steel strength of a single anchor in Vsa lbf
shear
Corresponding strength reduction factor3 φ -
Tension loading Concrete Embedment depth hef in.
break-out Critical edge distance to cac in.
prevent splitting failure
Concrete blowout bearing area of anchor head Abrg in.2
Pullout strength Np lbf
Strength reduction factor for tension concrete φ -
failure modes3
Shear loading Concrete edge failure, profile factor αp
Pryout failure, factor kp
Strength reduction factor for shear concrete φ -
failure modes3
Minimum edge distance in respect to channel size ca,min in.
Minimum anchor spacing smin in.
Minimum member thickness hmin in.
Optional simulated seismic tests
Tension loading Adjustment factor for seismic loading αN,seis -
Nominal tension strength for local failure of Nsl,seis lbf
channel lips
Nominal bending strength of channel Msflex,seis in.-lbf
Nominal tension strength of a single anchor Nsa,seis lbf
Nominal strength of connection Nsc,seis lbf
channel/anchor
Shear loading Adjustment factor for seismic loading αV,seis -
Strength for local failure of channel lips Vsl,seis lbf
Nominal shear strength of anchor Vsa,seis lbf
1
Trade name. For anchor channels distributed under multiple trade names, all names shall be tabulated.
2
Fractional units shown, SI units may also be used.
3
For use with load combinations in IBC Section 1605.2.1 or ACI 318, Section 9.2.

TABLE 9.1: SAMPLE FORMAT FOR REPORTING ANCHOR CHANNEL DATA QUALIFIED FOR USE IN CRACKED AND
UNCRACKED CONCRETE

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

TEST PROGRAM FOR EVALUATING ANCHOR CHANNELS FOR USE IN UNCRACKED AND CRACKED CONCRETE
Anchor Channel bolt designation1 Criteria Symbol Units2 Channel bolt sizes
Manufacturer

Channel bolt may be used for channel sizes - -

Nominal tensile steel strength fut,s psi
Nominal yield steel strength fys psi
Effective cross-sectional area Tension loading Ase,N in.2
Shear loading Ase,V in.2
Nominal tensile strength Nss lb
Strength reduction factor for steel failure under tension loading3 φ -
Nominal shear strength Vss lb
Strength reduction factor for steel failure under shear loading3 φ -
Nominal bending strength Moss in.-lb
Strength reduction factor for bending of channel bolt3 φ -
Maximum torque moment Tinst in.-lb
Minimum edge distance in respect to channel bolt ca,min in.
Optional simulated seismic tests
Nominal tensile strength Nss,seis lb
Nominal shear strength Vss,seis lb
Nominal bending strength Moss,seis in.-lb
1
Trade name. For anchor channels distributed under multiple trade names, all names shall be tabulated.
2
Fractional units shown, SI units may also be used.
3
For use with load combinations of IBC Section 1605.2.1 or ACI 318, Section 9.2.

TABLE 9.2: SAMPLE FORMAT FOR REPORTING DATA OF CHANNEL BOLT

10.0 Quality control requirements

10.1 Quality Documentation:

10.1.1 Quality documentation complying with the ICC-ES Acceptance Criteria for Quality Documentation (AC10) and Section
10.2 of this annex shall be submitted for each anchor channel. The quality documentation shall include all installed
components of the anchor channel system as provided by the manufacturer.
10.2 Quality-assurance program:
10.2.1 Anchor channels shall be manufactured under an approved quality-assurance program with follow-up inspections
by an IIA accredited by the International Accreditation Service (IAS) under ISO 17020 or as otherwise acceptable to ICC-ES.
10.2.2 Inspections shall assess conformance of ongoing production with the quality documentation on file with ICC-ES.
10.2.3 Testing
10.2.3.1 During production the following tests shall be carried out on the final product by the manufacturer on at least three
samples per 6,500 feet (2000 m) of produced long anchor channels or 10,000 produced short anchor channels respectively,
but no less than once per production week. The tests shall be conducted on each produced channel size, each anchor type
and each material type.
a. Dimensions of channel (thickness, width and height of channel and width of opening) and dimensions of anchors.
b. Measurement of the thickness and length of the welds
c. Control of screw fit in the channel.
d. Measurement of ultimate load of anchors in centric tension test on anchor channel parts not cast into concrete
according to Section 7.3.4 of this annex. The requirements for the ultimate loads shall be specified in the quality
documentation.
e. Determination of the thickness of any coating (if applicable).

10.2.3.2 The results of factory production control tests shall be recorded and evaluated. The records include at least the
following information:
a. Designation of the product and material,
b. Type of control or testing,

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PROPOSED ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR ANCHOR CHANNELS IN CONCRETE ELEMENTS

c Date of manufacture and date of testing of the product,

d. Results of control and testing and, if appropriate, comparison with requirements,
e. Signature of person responsible for factory production control.

The records shall be presented to the independent inspection agency involved in the continuous surveillance. Upon request the
records hall be presented to ICC-ES.

10.3 Special inspection:

10.3.1 Special inspection shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 17 of the IBC or UBC and in accordance with this
criteria. The manufacturer shall submit inspection procedures to verify proper usage.

10.3.2 Proof loading program: Where required by the registered design professional, a program for on-site proof loading
(proof loading program) to be conducted as part of the special inspection shall conform to the following minimum
requirements:

1. Frequency of proof loading based on channel size, diameter, embedment;

2. Proof loads by channel size, anchor diameter, embedment and location;

3. Acceptable displacements at proof load;

4. Remedial action in the event of failure to achieve proof load or excessive displacement.

10.4 Product modifications:

10.4.1 Prior to implementing any substantive modification to an anchor channel system which has previously been assessed
in accordance with this criteria, the manufacturer shall report the nature and significance of the modification to the ITA and IEA
(see Section 11.0 of this annex).

10.4.2 For all modifications that are determined to have the potential to affect anchor channel performance, the testing and
evaluation agency shall perform the requisite tests to assess the impact of the modification. If the modified product can be
shown to be statistically equivalent to those of the originally tested product, no additional testing shall be required. Otherwise,
the modified product shall be tested in accordance with Table 4.1 of this annex.

11.0 Requirements for the independent testing

11.1 General:

11.1.1 The testing of anchor channels under this criteria shall be performed by an independent testing agency (ITA) listed by
a recognized accreditation service conforming to the requirements of ISO 17025. In addition to these standards, listing of the
ITA shall be predicated on documented experience in the testing and evaluation of anchor channels according to ASTM E 488,
ACI 355.2, AC193 and this criteria.

11.1.2 The assessment of anchor channels under this criteria shall be performed by an independent evaluation agency (IEA)
listed by a recognized accreditation service confirming to the requirements of ISO 17020. In addition to these standards, listing
of the IEA shall be predicated on documented experience in the evaluation of anchors and anchor channels according to
ASTM E 488, ACI 355.2, AC193 and this criteria.

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11.2 Testing laboratories:

As a source of test reports, testing laboratories shall comply with Section 2.0 of the ICC-ES acceptance criteria for test reports
(AC85) and Section 4.2 of the ICC-ES Rules of Procedure for Evaluation Reports. The ITA shall verify that all elements of the
test program and analysis are in compliance with this criteria.
11.3 Testing by Independent Testing Agency and Manufacturer
11.3.1 At least 50 percent of the service-condition test series given in Table 4.1 of this criteria shall be performed by the
independent testing agency (section 11.1.1 of this annex) in their facility. Not more than 50 percent of the test for each
conducted service-condition test series required by Table 4.1 of this criteria are permitted to be performed by the
manufacturer. All such tests shall be witnessed by an independent testing agency (Sections 11.1.1 and 11.2.1 of this annex).
11.3.2 Additional results of tests performed by the manufacturer shall be permitted to be considered in the evaluation. All
tests performed by the manufacturer shall be permitted to be considered only if the results are statistically equivalent to those
of the independent testing agency. The number of tests conducted by the manufacturer shall not exceed the number of tests
by the independent accredited testing laboratory.
11.4 Certification:
The test reports and evaluation reports shall be sealed by a registered design professional employed or retained by the
independent testing agency.

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