Well Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation (PEGN419)

Module 1 – Homework Assignment #1

01/28/2021
Abdulrahman Momena
Q1)
1) Surface Temperature
2) Bottomhole Temperature (BHT)
3) Formation Depth
4) Well Location
5) Mud Properties
6) Equipment
7) Calibration & Comments
Q2) Petrophysics are expecting to deduce important reservoir characteristics such as Porosity,
Permeability, Saturation, & Lithology.
Q3)
a) Caliper: in.
b) Gamma Ray: gapi
c) RHOB: g/cc
d) SP: mV
e) RESD (Deep Resistivity): ohmm
Q4)
Mud Density = Mud Gradient * (1/0.052) or (19.2308)
(NOTE: This constant number is the conversion between psi/ft to ppg)
Mud Density = (0.455 psi/ft) * (19.2308)
Mud Density = 8.75 ppg

Q5)
Pob = pb * g * h
Pob = (2.2) * (0.433 psi/ft) (5,500 ft)
Pob = 5239.3 psi
NOTE: OB Pressure calculations can be found at Row 4052 and Column K.
Q6)
Temperature Gradient = (T2 – T1) / (Bottomhole Depth)
Temperature Gradient = (165 °F – 75 °F) / (6,600 ft)
Temperature Gradient = 0.01364 °F/ft

Q7)

6700 Caliper & Bit Size at changing Depths & Widths

6500

Mud Cake is
forming
6300 on this
side
Washout is oc-
curing on this
Depth (ft)

6100 side

Cali
5900 per
Bit
Size
5700

5500
7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5

Width (in.)
 6700 Gamma Ray Logs from Starting Depth (5,500 ft)

6500

6300
Depth (ft)

6100

5900

5700

5500
0 50 100 150
Gamma Ray (GAPI)

6600 Temperature Log

6500

6400

6300

6200
Depth (ft)

6100

6000

5900

5800

5700

5600

5500
150 155 160 165
Temperature (°F)
 6600 Borehole Pressure Log
6500

6400

6300

6200
Depth (ft)

6100

6000

5900

5800

5700

5600

5500
5200 5300 5400 5500 5600 5700 5800 5900 6000 6100 6200 6300
Overburden Pressure (psi)

Q8)

( )
2
π∗d ∗h
V h= ∗( 0.0001030715 ) +V previous
4

From Excel: =((PI()*(B6253)^2*6)/4)*(0.0001030715)+R6252

( )
2
π∗( 7.7835 ) ∗( 6 )
V h= ∗( 0.0001030715 ) + ( 71.04160433 )
4

V h=71.07103022 bbls
Q9)

( )
2 2
7.875 −7
V cement = ∈bbl/ ft
1029.4

( )
2 2
7.875 −7
V cement = ∗( 6,600−5,500 ) ∈bbl
1029.4
V cement =13.90828 bbls

Q10)

( )
2 2
d OH −d BS
V cement = ∈bbl/ ft
1029.4

( )
2 2
dOH −d BS
1029.4 bbl
V cement = ∈
2 ft
(Division by 2 since the Mud Cake was not removed prior ¿the casing job.)

From Excel: =(((B6253^2-7^2)/(1029.4))/2)+T6252

( )
2 2
7.7835 −7
1029.4 bbl
V cement = + 18.682006∈
2 ft

V cement =18.6876318 bbls

Q11) The cement volume was greater using the Caliper method as opposed to the Bit Size
method. As witnessed algebraically the impact of Mud Cake on the cement volume through
Caliper (Division by 2), Caliper methodology yields lower cement volumes at the presence of
Mud Cakes. However in this case, the cement volume from the Caliper appears to be greater than
that of the Bit Size method which indicates a greater potential for observing Washouts over the
possibility of Mud Cake formation. A more further elaborate technical explanation would be that
since the Bit Size methodology utilizes only 1 fixed constant diameter (The default diameter of a
newly acquired drilling unit), it sets a reference to the standard/default cement volume capacity
of the unit, according to the bit size. The Caliper methodology applies the same principal but it
provides constant changes in the diameter for each 0.5 m increment of drilled/borehole depth.
This allows for more accurate readings and, when cross referenced with the Bit Size cement
volume (The Default), could yield great inferences on whether there is a potential Internal Mud
Cake that might cause formation damage, especially in Horizontal Open-hole completions &
drilling, or there is simply a Washout occurring so the drilling pressure needs to be regulated
since a potential kick may occur, due to decreasing pressure in the borehole/drilling string caused
by expanding diameters.