T b TROPHY BUILDERS

MAM INTEGRATED LIMITED

No 159 Ungwar, Gabas, Hotoro, Kano Mobile No: 08135902360 & 08076333005
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services, Structural Design,
Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.

Ref: TB/24/ST/Kano/00710 Date: 22nd March, 2024

The Client,
Alhaji Bashir

Project: Proposed Office Development

Location: Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State

Sir,
ASSESSMENT OF GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES SOIL
Subsequent to your request to carry out geotechnical investigation on the samples supplied to our Laboratory from the
Proposed site for Office Development located at Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State, Trophy Builders, MAM
Integrated Ltd, Kano is pleased to present the results on the assessment thus;

The soil, based on Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is classified as Clayey sand to Sandy silty clay. In
addition, the safe bearing capacity of the soil varies from 107 to 121 kN/m2 across the site at 1.0 m depth. However, for
structural design application, the safe bearing capacity 100 kN/m2 should be adopted for the proposed 1.0 m depth. In
addition, the choice of the Foundation type depends on the total load that is expected to be transmitted to the
foundation, economic consideration and the depth which is also significant for prevention of uplift. However, for any
form of modification or addition of floor, the bearing capacity should be compared to existing footing. Where the
footing failed to satisfied the design requirement for the modified structure, strengthening technique could be employed
to balance the deficiencies. During the construction work, a very good concrete mix design should be adopted for the
foundation footings with adequate measures of elimination of seepage through concrete elements and walls while
maintaining minimum of 50 mm concrete cover to safe guard reinforcement.

We look forward for further cooperation and would like to take this opportunity to highly consider your confidence in
our laboratories. For any clarification concerning this report summary, attached is detailed copy of the test result for
your perusal. In addition, you can contact us at your convenience.

Accept our best regard.

Yours faithfully,

Engr. Dr. Abubakar Mohammed

 T
No 159 Ungwar, Gabas, Hotoro, Kano
b TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM INTEGRATED LIMITED
Mobile No: 08135902360 & 08076333005
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services, Structural Design,
Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.

SUMMARY OF TESTS RESULTS

Client Alhaji Bashir

Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample 1 Depth (m) 1 Date 22/03/2024

Geotechnical Properties of Soil in Foundation

Natural Ultimate Safe
Sample Depth Moisture Passing Liquid Plasticity Shrinkage Specific Bearing Bearing
(m) Content //200 Limit Index Limit (%) Gravity Capacity Capacity
(%) (%) (%) (%) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
1 1.0 20.9 23.22 27 7 2 2.49 364 121
2 2.0 23.2 65.63 27 6 4 2.46 320 107

130
Allowable Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)

120

110
Recommended Bearing Capacity @ 1.0 m Depth
100

90

80

70

60

50
3 5
Samplying Point

Recommended Bearing Capacity at 1.0 m Depth

Tested by: Engr. Dr. Abubakar Mohammed

MASOIL2019 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360

Client Alhaji Bashir

Consultant
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample 1-2 Depth (m) 1 Date 22/3/2024

Natural Moisture Content (BS 1377 : Part 2: 1990 )

Weight (g)
MC (%)
Sample W1 W2 W3 W4 W5
1 11.8 59.3 51.1 39.3 8.2 20.9
2 11.7 68 57.4 45.7 10.6 23.2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Where;
W1 = Weight of empty can (g)
W2 = Weight of empty can + Wet soil (g)
W3 = Weight of empty can + Dry soil (g)
W4 = Weight of dry soil (g)
W5 = Loss in weight (g)

Tested By: Engr. Dr Abubakar Mohammed

 MASOIL2019 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360

Client Alhaji Bashir

Consultant
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample 1-2 Depth (m) 1 Date 22/3/2024
SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST (BS 1377 : Part 2: 1990 )
Samples 1 2 3 4 5
W1 (g) 372.34 372.34 372.34 372.34
W2 (g) 639.24 615.91 775.38 730.1
W3 (g) 1503.08 1489.51 1583.7 1555.42
W4 (g) 1343.64 1343.64 1343.64 1343.64
2.48 2.49 2.47 2.45
GS 2.49 2.46
Samples 6 7 8 9 10
W1 (g)
W2 (g)
W3 (g)
W4 (g)

GS
Samples 11 12 13 14 15
W1 (g)
W2 (g)
W3 (g)
W4 (g)

GS
Samples 16 17 18 19 20
W1 (g)
W2 (g)
W3 (g)
W4 (g)

GS
Where;
W1 = Mass of empty bottle Gs = Specific gravity
W2 = Mass of bottle + dry soil
W3 = Mass of bottle + dry soil + water
W4 = Mass of bottle+ water Tested By: Engr. Dr Abubakar Mohammed
 Page 1
MASOIL2020 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360
Client Alhaji Bashir
Contractor
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample 1 Depth (m) 1.0 DATE: 22/3/2024

GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS RESULT (BS 1377:PART 2- 1990)

Initial Weight (g) 300
Particle Diameter Weight Retained Cumulative Passing
Description (mm) (g) % Retained % % Summary
Coarse
40.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 Coarse Gravel= 0.00%
20.000 0.00 Medium Gravel = 4.64% 25.03%
Gravel

0.00 0.00 100.00

Medium 10.000 13.91 4.64 4.64 95.36 Fine Gravel 20.40%
5.000 19.72 6.57 11.21 88.79 Coarse Sand = 11.63%
Fine 2.360 26.55 8.85 20.06 79.94 Medium Sand = 9.52% 51.75%
2.000 14.92 4.97 25.03 74.97 Fine Sand = 30.59%
Coarse
1.180 9.10 3.03 28.07 71.93 Silt or Clay 23.22% 23.22%
0.600 25.79 8.60 36.66 63.34 TOTAL 100.00% 100.00%
Sand

Medium
0.425 9.99 3.33 39.99 60.01
0.300 18.58 6.19 46.19 53.81 OBTAIN VALUES OF D10,D30 & D60 FROM GRAPH
Fine
0.150 27.18 9.06 55.25 44.75 D10
0.075 64.60 21.53 76.78 23.22 D30 11.21
Pass 75 D60 65.57
Silt or Clay microns
10.11 3.37 80.15 19.85
Cu
0 240.45 80.15 Cc

0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000 1000.000

100

90

80

70

60
% Passing

50

40

30

20

10

Sieve Metric Size (mm)

USCS Soil Classification Clayey sand

AASHTO Soil Classification A-2-4 (0)

Tested By: Engr. Yunusa Hamisu Gabasawa

SOFTWARE DEVELOPED BY ENGR. ABUBAKAR MOHAMMED HND,PGDE, PGDCE, MENG, JS2E, PhD (in view) +2348076333005, 08135902360, 08088077706)
 MASOIL2020 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360
Client Alhaji Bashir
Contractor
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample 2 Depth (m) 1.0 DATE: 22/3/2024

GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS RESULT (BS 1377:PART 2- 1990)

Initial Weight (g) 300
Particle Diameter Weight Retained Cumulative Passing
Description (mm) (g) % Retained % % Summary
40.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 Coarse Gravel= 3.56%
Coarse
20.000 10.68 3.56 3.56 96.44 Medium Gravel = 0.00% 8.81%
Gravel

Medium 10.000 0.00 0.00 3.56 96.44 Fine Gravel 5.25%

5.000 7.42 2.47 6.03 93.97 Coarse Sand = 3.60%
Fine 2.360 5.73 1.91 7.94 92.06 Medium Sand = 4.60% 25.56%
2.000 2.60 0.87 8.81 91.19 Fine Sand = 17.36%
1.180 2.60 0.87 9.68 90.32 Silt or Clay 65.63% 65.63%
Coarse
0.600 8.20 2.73 12.41 87.59 TOTAL 100.00% 100.00%
Sand

0.425 4.04 1.35 13.76 86.24

Medium
0.300 9.77 3.26 17.01 82.99 OBTAIN VALUES OF D10,D30 & D60 FROM GRAPH
0.150 14.97 4.99 22.00 78.00 D10
Fine
0.075 37.11 12.37 34.37 65.63 D30 6.03
Pass 75 D60 28.34
Silt or Clay 8.20 2.73 37.11 62.89
microns Cu
0 111.32 37.11 Cc

0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000 1000.000

100
90
80
70
60
% Passing

50
40
30
20
10
0
Sieve Metric Size (mm)

USCS Soil Classification Sandy silty clay

AASHTO Soil Classification A-4 (2)

Tested By: Engr. Yunusa Hamisu Gabasawa

 MASOIL2 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360

Client Alhaji Bashir

Contractor
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample No 1 Depth (m) 1.0 Date 22/3/2024

ATTERBERG LIMIT TEST (BS 1377 : Part 2: 1990 )

LIQUID LIMIT (Cone Penetrometer) PLASTIC LIMIT
Specimen number 1 2 3 4 1
Mass of empty can (g) 11.4 14.4 11.8 14.1 M1 (g) 11.6
Mass of can & moist soil (g) 33.1 36.4 33.5 47.4 M2 (g) 26.9
Mass of can & dry soil (g) 28.5 31.5 28.4 39.3 M3 (g) 24.3
Mass of dry soil (g) 17.1 17.1 16.6 25.2 M4 (g) 12.7
Moisture loss (g) 4.6 4.9 5.1 8.1 M5 (g) 2.6
Water content, w% 26.9 28.65 30.72 32.14 w (%) 20.47
Penetration (mm) 19.5 24.9 27.9 30.3
40
Sample Preparation
35 As Received
Washed on 425 μm sieve (%)
30
Moisture content (%)

slope 0.4863762 Air dried at (°C)

intercept
25 17.12695 Oven dried at (°C)
Proportion retained on 425 μm sieve (%) 39.99
20
5.11
15
SHRINKAGE LIMIT DETERMINATION
10
Specimen number 1
5 140
Initial Length of Specimen (mm)
137
Final Length of Specimen (mm)
0
Linear Shrinkage (%) 2
0 10 20 30 40 50
Penetration (mm)

TESTS SUMMARY USCS Soil

Clayey sand
LIQUID LIMIT (%) 27 Classification
PLASTIC LIMIT (%) 20 AASHTO Soil Classification A-2-4 (0)
PLASTICITY INDEX (%) 7
Average Linear Shrinkage (%) 2

Tested By: Engr. Dr Abubakar Mohammed

 MASOIL2 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360

Client Alhaji Bashir

Contractor
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample No 2 Depth (m) 1.0 Date 22/3/2024

ATTERBERG LIMIT TEST (BS 1377 : Part 2: 1990 )

LIQUID LIMIT (Cone Penetrometer) PLASTIC LIMIT

Specimen number 1 2 3 4 1
Mass of empty can (g) 13.7 11.9 12.3 12.4 M1 (g) 11.5
Mass of can & moist soil (g) 41.5 42.9 42.3 39.1 M2 (g) 31.4
Mass of can & dry soil (g) 35.7 36.2 35.4 32.7 M3 (g) 28
Mass of dry soil (g) 22 24.3 23.1 20.3 M4 (g) 16.5
Moisture loss (g) 5.8 6.7 6.9 6.4 M5 (g) 3.4
Water content, w% 26.36 27.57 29.87 31.53 w (%) 20.61
Penetration (mm) 17.7 21.5 24.8 29.7
40
Sample Preparation
35 As Received
Washed on 425 μm sieve (%)
30
Moisture content (%)

slope 0.4493874 Air dried at (°C)

intercept
25 18.305599 Oven dried at (°C)
Proportion retained on 425 μm sieve (%) 13.76
20
5.11
15
SHRINKAGE LIMIT DETERMINATION
10
Specimen number 1
5 Initial Length of Specimen (mm) 140
Final Length of Specimen (mm) 135
0
Linear Shrinkage (%) 4
0 10 20 30 40 50
Penetration (mm)

TESTS SUMMARY USCS Soil

Sandy silty clay
LIQUID LIMIT (%) 27 Classification
PLASTIC LIMIT (%) 21 AASHTO Soil Classification A-4 (2)
PLASTICITY INDEX (%) 6
Average Linear Shrinkage (%) 4

Tested By: Engr. Dr Abubakar Mohammed

 MASOIL2020 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360

Client Alhaji Bashir

Contractor
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample 1 Depth (m) 1.0 Date 22/3/2024

SHEAR BOX TEST (BS 1377 : Part 7: 1990 )

Moisture Content Machine Specimen Size (mm)
Can wt (g) 11.80 Constant 2828.571429 Length 60
Wet soil (g) 59.3 Breadth
0.0009
Dry soil (g) 51.1 Thickness 20

Test Dial Gauge Ultimate Shear Normal Shear

Load (kg) Weight (g)
Specimen Reading Stress (kN/m2) Stress (kN/m2)
1 14.4 93 128.2 29.59 49.94
2 24.4 150 126.6 47.73 84.62
3 34.4 185 128.5 58.86 119.31

Shear Box Test

90 Test Summary
80 Moisture Content (%) 20.9
Dry Unit Weight ϒ (kN/m³) 18.3
70
shear stress KN/m2

Unit Weight of Water ϒw (kN/m³) 9.81

60
Sat. Unit Weight ϒsat (kN/m³) 20
50 Cohesion C (kN/m²) 9.7
40 Friction Angle ɸ (Deg) 22.8
30
20 Foundation Type: Square
Length (L) (m) 1
10
Width (B) (m) 1
0
Depth (Df) (m) 1.0
0 50 100 150 200
Depth (b or a) m 0.5
Normal Stress KN/m2
Factor of Safety 3
Case 1: water rise to the depth b < B below the base of footing
Case 2: water rise to height (a) above footing base 2 `
Case 3: water is at a depth > B below the footing base

Ultimate Bearing Capacity 364 (kN/m²)

Allowable Bearing Capacity 121 (kN/m²)

Tested By: Engr. Dr. Abubakar Mohammed

 MASOIL2020 TROPHY BUILDERS
MAM Integrated Limited, Kano.
Geotechnical Investigation, Concrete Tests, Reinforcement Bar Test, Asphaltic Concrete Tests, Laboratory Services,
Structural Design, Software Development and General Building and Civil Engineering Works.
Email: trophygroup2010@gmail.com Mobile No: 08076333005, 08135902360

Client Alhaji Bashir

Contractor
Project Proposed Office Development
Location Kundila, Tarauni LGA, Kano State Job Ref. TB/24/ST/Kano/00710
Sample 2 Depth (m) 1.0 Date 22/3/2024

SHEAR BOX TEST (BS 1377 : Part 7: 1990 )

Moisture Content Machine Specimen Size (mm)
Can wt (g) 11.7 Constant 2828.571429 Length 60
Wet soil (g) 68 Breadth
0.0009
Dry soil (g) 57.4 Thickness 20

Test Dial Gauge Ultimate Shear Normal Shear

Load (kg) Weight (g)
Specimen Reading Stress (kN/m2) Stress (kN/m2)
1 14.4 98 128.8 31.18 49.94
2 24.4 127 125.9 40.41 84.62
3 34.4 166 127.9 52.82 119.31

Shear Box Test

80 Test Summary
Moisture Content (%) 23.2
70
Dry Unit Weight ϒ (kN/m³) 18
shear stress KN/m2

60 Unit Weight of Water ϒw (kN/m³) 9.81

50 Sat. Unit Weight ϒsat (kN/m³) 20
40
Cohesion C (kN/m²) 15.1
Friction Angle ɸ (Deg) 17.2
30
20 Foundation Type: Square
10 Length (L) (m) 1
Width (B) (m) 1
0
Depth (Df) (m) 1.0
0 50 100 150 200
Depth (b or a) m 0.5
Normal Stress KN/m2
Factor of Safety 3
Case 1: water rise to the depth b < B below the base of footing
Case 2: water rise to height (a) above footing base 2 `
Case 3: water is at a depth > B below the footing base

Ultimate Bearing Capacity 320 (kN/m²)

Allowable Bearing Capacity 107 (kN/m²)

Tested By: Engr. Dr. Abubakar Mohammed